备战高考-词汇基础-L-单词、熟词生义、词组、常考超纲词、不规则变化答案版
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一、易写错词汇
language n. 语言
latter adj. (两者中)后者的
later adv. 随后 (late的比较级)
library n. 图书馆
lightening n. 闪电
literature un. 文学
luggage un. 行李
二、易错词汇变形
lack adj. lacking
late adv. lately 近来,最近
large vt. enlarge
last adj. lasting 持久的
laugh n. laughter
law n. lawyer
lazy lazier比较级 laziest最高级
lead n. leader
adj. leading 最好的,最重要的
leaf pl. leaves
learn adj. learned 博学的,有学问的
legal OPP. illegal
less v. lessen (使)降低,减少
library n. librarian 图书管理员
life pl. lives
light v. lighten 减轻,减少,使变亮/轻松
limit n. limitation
adj. limited 有限的
listen n. listener 听众
literature adj. literary 文学的
little less比较级 least最高级
local adv. locally
locate n. location
logic adj. logical 合情合理的,有逻辑的
long n. length
loose v. loosen 松开,放宽(规定)
low v.&adj. lower 减少,降低;下方的
loyal n. loyalty
luck adj. lucky
lucky adv. luckily
luxury adj. luxurious
三、熟词僻义
1. land 熟义:陆地; 土地,(使)登陆,(使)登岸,(使)着陆;
生义: 国家; 捕(鱼)抓住或钓上(鱼);获得,取得
war between lands 国与国之间的战争
land a big catfish. 钓上一条大鲇鱼
land a well-paid job 找到一份收入很高的工作
2. late 熟义:迟的, 晚(期)的(adj/ adv)
生义: v已故的, 前任的,新近的,最近的
(1) the late doctor已故的医生the late president前任总统the late government 上届政府[来源:Z+xx+k.Com]
his late wife 他已亡故的妻子
(2) the late news最近的新闻the late earthquake最近的地震
(3)补充: latest(late的最高级): 最后的.最近的.最新的 the latest news the latest development
(4).later (on) 以后.后来
3. last 熟义:最后的,最末的; 紧接前面的;刚过去的(adj)
生义:
(1)vi.持续, 延续, 维持; 耐久 The festival lasted two days.节日持续了两天。This cloth lasts well. 这种布很耐穿。
(2)够用.使得以维持(vt) The food will last us another week. 食品够我们再吃一星期。
(3)最不可能的least likely or expected);最不适当的,最不合适的(the least desirable or suitable)
the last person we would have suspected. 我们最不可能怀疑的人the last man for the job.对这项工作最不合适的人
4. lead 熟义:领导,引导,
生义:(1)铅
(2)通往(向)(to) The path leads to the village.这条小路通到那村庄。
(3) 导致(to) lead to the thief being caught
(4) 在比赛中领先 After the first half of the race I was leading.
(5) 过(生活) He led a hard life.他的日子过得很苦。
(6) 榜样,带头 take the lead in everything
5. leave 熟义:离开, 动身;留下,把…(落)遗忘在某地;把…交付(委托)给
There are six days left before we go. 离我们出发还剩下六天。
I have left my gloves on the bus. 我把手套忘在公共汽车上了。
生义:(1)使…处于某种状态 leave the work undone丢下工作不干
leave him an orphan 使他成为孤儿
leave him sad 使他伤心
leave the raincoat hanging behind the door 让雨衣挂在门后
leave sb.in the dark 不让某人知道
(2)听任 leave him there让他呆在那里吧。
leave it as it is让它保持原样。
I will leave you to do as you like.你爱做什么就做什么。
(3)准[休]假, 假期(不可数) ask for leave请假
ask for two days’ leave (take two days off) 请两天假
be on leave 在度假;在假期中
grant / give sb a leave准某人的假(此处冠词为特殊用法)
6. lift 熟义:举起,.升高,提高; [英]电梯;吊车
生义:(1)免费搭乘,搭便车 He gave me a lift to the station in his car. 他让我搭他的汽车去火车站。
ask for a lift请求搭车
(2)窃取(尤指小件物品);抄袭,从已发表的东西上照抄.剽取(观点.文章等)
He was caught lifting make-up in the supermarket.
Many of his ideas were lifted from other authors.他的许多见解都是从其他作家那里剽窃来的。
7. line 熟义:绳;线,路线,线路;排,列(n);(使)排列,排队(v)
生义:(1). 运输公司 an airline航空公 a shipping line 海运公司
(2).(pl) 台词 spend the weekend learning her lines.利用周末熟记她的台词
(3). 短信;便条 I'll drop you a line.我会留个便条给你
8. lesson 熟义:功课, (一节)课, [pl.]课程 生义:教训 be a lesson to对...是一个教训
teach sb.a lesson给某人以教训earn one's lesson得到教训
9. live 熟义:生活, 居住,
生义:(1).实况地, 实况转播的, live broadcast 现场直播
(2).adj.活的, 仅用于修饰动物.家禽.鱼等。live animals.活着的动物
live shrimps活虾 live 表此意
10. let down(熟义:放下来) 辜负,使失望
He said he would be here by 12o'clock, but he let us down.
他说他12点钟之前就到,但他让我们失望了。
11. let out (熟义:让出去)泄露(机密);发出(声);出租
I’ll never tell you another secret if you let this one out.如果你把这个秘密说出去了,
我再也不告诉你第二个秘密了。
12. live up to 使行为和… 相符
The WTO can’not live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
如果WTO不包括一个占世界人口五分之一的国家, 那就名不副实。
13. in the long run 长远来说, 最后
It is difficult to save money now, but it is worth it in the long run.
现在存钱很困难,但从长远来讲是值得的。
14. long v. (熟义:长,久 ) 渴望
The children are longing for the holidays. 孩子们盼望放假
15. look (熟义:看) n. 表情,外貌, 美貌
She kept her looks even in her old age.即使上了年纪,她仍然风韵犹存。
16. be lost in =lose oneself in (熟义:消失在……中) 聚精会神于,迷上,陷入
He is lost in thought / the book. 他陷入 沉思/他聚精会神地啃那本书。
四、常考词组
1 label A (as) B 把A标为B
2 labor market 劳动力市场
child labor 童工
3 lack of 缺少 (此处lack为名词)
for lack of 因为缺少
lack sth 缺少sth (此处lack为及物动词)
be lacking in sth 缺少
4 master a language 掌握一门语言
native language 母语
the English language 英语
the official language 官方语言
5 last but one 倒数第二
last but not least 最后但同样重要的
6 10 minutes late 晚了10分钟
be late for (the meeting) 会议迟到
be late with (the rent) 交租金晚了
better late than never 晚做总比不做好
in the late 1980s 在20世纪80年代
late husband 已故的丈夫
7 in later years/ life 在晚年
later on 后来
8 the latest news 最新的消息
9 laugh at 嘲笑
10 have a good laugh 哄堂大笑
11 burst into laughter 突然笑起来
12 launch an attack 发动进攻
launch a satellite 发射卫星
13 break the law 违法
obey the law 守法
law and order 法治
14 lay the foundations 建立基础
lay/ place/ put emphasis on 强调
lie-lied-lied-lying 撒谎
lie-lay-lain-lying 位于,躺
lay-laid-laid-laying 放,下蛋
15 lead to 导致/通向
lead sb to do 导致sb做sth
lead a happy life 过着开心的生活
All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马。
16 under sb’s leadership 在sb的带领下
17 turn over a new leaf 洗心革面
18 at least 至少
not the least/ not in the least 根本不
19 leave (A) for B 离开a地去b地
leave sb alone 使sb独处
leave sb to do 使sb去做sth
ask for leave 请假
20 give/ deliver a lecture (on/ about sth) 关于sth发表演说
go to/ attend a lecture 去听讲座
21 on one’s left 在sb的左边
on the left side of sth 在sth的左边
22 lend sth to sb = lend sb sth 把sth借给sb
lend (sb) a hand 帮助sb
23 10 meters in length 长度为十米
at length 长时间地,没完没了的
24 have/ take lessons 上课
learn a lesson 得到教训
teach sb a lesson 给sb教训
25 let sb do 让sb做sth
let go of 松手,放开
let sb go 释放sb
let alone 更不用说
let sb down 使sb失望
let out 泄露
26 a letter of thanks/ introduction 感谢信/介绍信
27 high/ low level 高/底水平
pollution levels 污染水平
28 lie in 在于
tell (sb) a lie 向sb撒谎
a white lie 善意的谎言
29 in sb’s life 在sb的一生中
lead/ live/ have a …life 过着……的生活
30 lift up 举起
take the lift 乘电梯
give sb a lift 给sb搭车
31 traffic lights 交通灯
throw/ shed/ cast light on sth 把光投在sth上,使sth被明白
a light sleeper 睡眠很轻的人
a light heart 轻松的心情
light up 照亮
32 like doing/ to do 喜欢做sth
Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子。
33 likely consequences 有可能的结果
be likely to do 有可能去做sth
34 set/ impose a limit 设定限制
speed/ time limit 速度/时间限制
above/ below the limit 超出限制/未达到限制
within limits 在限制以内
limit A to B / be limited to 把a限制在b内
35 on the line 在线上
in line 在队伍中
line up 排队
36 link A with B 把A和B联系起来
37 on everyone’s lips 每个人都在谈论
38 make/ draw up/ write a list 写一个单子
shopping list 购物单
39 listen to 听
listen up 认真听
40 works of literature 文学作品
41 little by little 渐渐
little finger 小指
42 live on 以sth为生
live up to不辜负
live performance 现场演出
43 pay off a loan 付清贷款
loan sb sth = loan sth to sb 把sth借给sb
44 be located 位于
45 on location 在外景地
46 lock up 锁起来
47 sleep like a log 熟睡
48 lonely life 寂寞的生活
lonely village 偏僻的山村
49 a long time 长时间
long silence/ pause/ delay 长时间的沉默/停顿
3 meters long 长3米
long face 拉长着脸
as long as 只要
no longer 不再
all day long 整天
50 long to do 渴望去做sth
long for 渴望得到sth
long for sb to do 渴望sb去做sth
51 long-term plan 长期的计划
52 look sb up and down 上下打量sb
look sb in the eye 直视sb
Look before you leap. 三思而后行。
look out 小心
look at 看
look after 照顾
look around 环顾四周
look back 回顾
look for 寻找
look into 调查
look on 旁观
look to 依赖
look forward to 盼望
look up 抬头看
look up to 尊敬
have/ take a look at 看
53 loose change 零钱
54 lose confidence/ interest/ hope 失去信心/兴趣
lose face 丢脸
lose weight 减肥
lose sight of 看不见
lose touch of 失去联系
lose your temper 发脾气
lose your mind 发疯
55 be at a loss (to do/ for) 不知所措
loss of income/ appetite/ control/ memory 无收入/胃口
56 parking lot 停车场
57 love doing/ to do 喜欢做sth
fall/ be in love with sb 爱上sb
love at first sight 一见钟情
love for sb/ sth 对于sb/sth的喜爱
58 peace-loving/ fun-loving/ home-loving people 爱好和平的人们
59 lower your head 低头
60 have good luck 运气好
sheer luck 纯粹是运气
try your luck 试一下手气
61 be loyal to 对……忠诚
62 have sth for lunch 午饭吃sth
go out for lunch 出去吃午饭
at lunch 在吃饭
over lunch 在吃饭的时候
63 luxury hotel/ car/ home 奢侈豪华的饭店
64. do the laundry 洗衣服
五、常见难词(大纲词汇+超纲词汇)
lace n. 鞋带,系带;花边
ladder n. 梯子,梯状物
lame a .跛的;瘸的,残废的
landlord n. 地主;房东,店主
lane n. (乡间)小路;跑道
latitude n.纬度, 范围
lawn n. 草地,草坪,草场
layout n. 布局,安排,设计
leak vi. 漏;泄露 n.漏洞
lean vi. 倾斜,屈身;靠
leap vi. 跳,跃 n. 跳跃
leaflet n.传单
lease n.租约,租期 v.出租
linger v.逗留, 闲荡, 拖延, 游移
leap vi. 跳,跃 n. 跳跃
legend n .传说,传奇
leisure n. 空闲时间;悠闲
lens n. 透镜,镜片;镜头
liable a. 易于…的;可能的
linen n. 亚麻布;亚麻织物
liver n. 肝;肝脏
loaf n. 一条面包,一个面包
loan n. 贷款;暂借 vt. 借出
locomotive n. 火车头,机车
log n. 原木,木料
loop n. 圈,环,环孔
lorry n. 运货汽车,卡车
lump n. 团,块;肿块
luxury n. 奢侈,奢华;奢侈品
六、不规则动词变化
lay laid laid
lie(说谎) lied lied
lie(躺) lay lain
lead led led
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
light lighted/lit lighted/lit
lose lost lost