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- 专题18 记叙文类完形填空 -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用） 试卷 0 次下载
- 专题19 语法填空之有提示词 -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用） 试卷 0 次下载
- 专题24 书信类03（申请信、咨询信、投诉信） -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用） 试卷 0 次下载
- 专题26 短文类01（通知、倡议书、演讲稿、新闻报道） -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用） 试卷 0 次下载
- 专题27 短文类02（投稿、宣传稿、观点类、活动介绍） -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用） 试卷 0 次下载
专题20 语法填空之无提示词 -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用）
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这是一份专题20 语法填空之无提示词 -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用），文件包含专题20语法填空之无提示词解析版doc、专题20语法填空之无提示词原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共46页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题20 语法填空之无提示词（解析版）
在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。
无提示词的空处一般考查的是介、冠、连、代（代词也有可能给提示词）。
一、无提示词解题思维导图
“无提示词类”解题攻略
(一)高频考点之一：填介词
解题
攻略
当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词。对介词的考查通常侧重于固定搭配中的介词及常见介词的习惯用法。
举例1
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a scientist who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ____ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
分析：search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，此处指“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。故填for。
举例2
It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ____ work.
分析：travel to and from work表示“上下班”，故填from。
(二)高频考点之二：填冠词
解题
攻略
当空格后有名词而且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者空格处修饰序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式时，那么空格处一般是填冠词。有时还考查冠词在一些固定搭配中的用法。
举例3
Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ____ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
分析：句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。特指在过去的25年里。故填定冠词the。
举例4
Unexpectedly, I'm facetoface with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____ top of her lungs.
分析：固定短语at the top of“在……的顶部”，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。故填the。
(三)高频考点之三：填从属关联词
解题
攻略
当空格前后为两个句子，且其中一个句子在另一句中充当某一句子成分时，空格处应填从属关联词。一般情况下，考查的是定语从句的关联词，有时也考查名词性从句或状语从句的关联词。
举例5
Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ____ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
分析：分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a study，并在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。
举例6
Over time, ____ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
分析：根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”或“当……时候”，故填as/when。
(四)低频考点：填并列连词
解题攻略
当空格前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般是填并列连词。
举例7
Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality. Corn uses less water ____ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.
分析：根据比较级less可知，此处将玉米和水稻用水量进行比较，需填连词，故填than。
二、高考真题分项演练
1.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10 must to visit!
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，must 为名词，表示 "必须的事" ，所以前应用冠词，且无特指。故填a。
2.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9 (I).
【答案】mine
【解析】考查代词。根据提示词可知，句意为：这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代the song, does指代动词sticks，空格处应指 my memory， 为了避免重复，用名词性物主代词来代替 "形容词性物主代词 + 名词"。故填mine。
3.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）It took us about 3 hours to go all 8 way around the Xi'an City Wall.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。 all the way 为固定搭配，意为 "自始自终，一路上" 。故填the。
4.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。空格处所填词与空后的growing popularity of…一起作to的宾语，构成the growing popularity of…的固定用法。句意：因为与环境相关的且有冒险性的旅行越来越流行……。故填the。
5.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空） 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词the，the Linclons 林肯一家人。the+姓氏的复数，表示一家人。句意：林肯一家人在1856年把房子扩建为一栋二楼，以满足他们日益增长的家人的需求。
6.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）It was built originally to protect the city 2 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.
【答案】 in
【解析】考查介词。在唐朝the Tang dynasty，是段时间，故填 in。
7.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 6 trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。根据空格前后为名词并具有所属关系。句意：……各种各样的旅行被归类于生态旅行。故填of。
8.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men.
【答案】by
【解析】考查介词。句意：研究发现1985-2017年间，男人和女人BMI的平均数值上升了2.1。increase by+数值表示增长了多少，故答案为by。
9.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空） In 1844 they bought it 2 ＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser...
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。buy sth. for +价格，表示以什么价格购买某物。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格购买了这个房子和一些地。
10.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
【答案】than
【解析】考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。
11.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70． earth, Mother Nature.
【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。
12.（2020·山东卷语法填空）Museums must compete 45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为“为了……竞争”。故填for。
13.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
【答案】that 或 which
【解析】考查关系代词。句意：BMI是全球公认的表示体重是否处于健康状态的测量工具。分析句子结构可知gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.是BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool的定语从句，先行词为tool, 故答案为that/which。
14. （2020新课标Ⅲ卷高考真题）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
15.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
16.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
17..【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
18.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
三、高考真题综合演练
2021.6新高考一卷
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road". 1 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2 (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 4 (hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 7 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9 (I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10 must to visit!
【答案】What ; humans ; undoubtedly ; hotter ; astonished ; was ; and ; aching ; mine ; a
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，去游览黄山时，作者想起甲壳虫乐队的流行歌曲《蜿蜒长路》，这条漫长而曲折的道路永远留在游客的记忆中。
【解析】1： 考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，_____is so breathing about the experience 作 is 的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。
2： 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词应该作 we 的同位语，故应该填名词的复数形式。故填humans。
3： 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词help，故应用副词形式。Undoubted 变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。
4： 考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构可知，此处考查 the more… the more… 的固定用法；所以空格处应填形容词的比较级。故填hotter。
5： 考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构， 表示 "使……处于某种状态" 。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。
6： 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的提示词then可知，表示当时的情况，故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；从句主语为it，是第三人称单数形式。故填was。
7： 考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，两个谓语动词highlights和offers之间缺少连接词进行连接；同时，两个动作间为并列关系，所以应填并列连词。故填and。
8： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，因为名词legs与动词ache为主动关系，所以此处应该填现在分词作定语修饰 legs。故填aching。
9： 考查代词。根据提示词可知，句意为：这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代the song, does指代动词sticks，空格处应指 my memory， 为了避免重复，用名词性物主代词来代替 "形容词性物主代词 + 名词"。故填mine。
10： 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，must 为名词，表示 "必须的事" ，所以前应用冠词，且无特指。故填a。
2020.7海南卷
These days, it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 1 (begin) computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 2 (education) computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a 3 (require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 4 (profession).
The Digital World is a set of volumes 5 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 6 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 8 (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 9 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10 (we) Further Resources section featured in each volume.
【答案】to begin ; educational ; requirement ; professions ; that 或 which ; a ; and ; is ; are encouraged ; our
【解析】1 ：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《数字世界》丛书的出版的背景和目的等方面信息。考查非谓语动词。句意：如今, 10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站，二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课，这些都很常见，本题考查'lt is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.结构，该结构it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，故答案为：to begin。
2 ：考查形容词。句意：与此同时，电脑游戏越来越受欢迎，主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发教育电脑程序。修饰名词computer programs，前用形容词形式，故答案为：educational。
3 ：考查名词，句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具，动词become后接名词作宾语，根据前面的不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式，故答案为：requirement。
4 ：考查名词的数。句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词profession为可数名词，根据前面的most修饰可知用复数形式，故答案为：professions。
5 ：考查定语从句。句意：《数字世界》是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。句中先行词为volumes，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导，故答案为：that/which。
6 ：考查冠词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响，a range of一套，一系列，wide是以辅音音来发音开头，所以用不定冠词a。故答案为：a。
7 ：考查连词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响，前后句为并列关系，所以用连词and，故答案为：and。
8 ：考查主谓一致。句意：因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的，所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和工具的一个示例，并解释技术的基本原理。 the number of….数量，后接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时，故答案为：is。
9 ：考查语态，句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时，故答案为：are encouraged。
10 ：考查代词。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resourcessection，前用形容词性物主代词。故答案为：our。
2020浙江卷7月
Some time after 10, 000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1 , through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 2 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person 3 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 4 （need）. Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5 （change）lives.
By about 6000 BC, people 6 （discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the 7 （season）, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 8 （make）use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉） their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with 9 rise of science, changes began. New methods 10 （mean）that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥） have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
【答案】：in ; what ; than ; was needed ; to change ; had discovered ; seasons ; making ; the ; meant
解析：1.文章大意：文章讲述了人类农业文明的发展史。考查介词。句意：公元前一万年后的一段时间内，人们第一次真正地试图通过农业控制他们所居住的世界。分析句子结构可知they live in作the world的定语，live in the world居住在地球上，故填in。
2.考查名词性从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始越来越少地依赖于从野外狩猎或采集什么，而更多地依赖于他们饲养的动物和他们播种的庄稼。分析句子结构可知本句为宾语从句该从句缺主语，根据句意可知表示……的东西，用what，故填what。
3.考查介词。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。前面有more，此处进行比较，故填than。
4.考查被动语态和一般过去时。句意：出生的人口数越多，需要的食物也就越多。此处作谓语，食物和需要之间是被动关系，结合前面were，此处用被动语态的过去式，故填was needed。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力量。该句子谓语是gave，故change作非谓语，表示目的补充，用不定式，故填to change。
6.考查过去完成时。句意：到公元前6000年，人们发现了最适合种植的农作物和饲养的动物。By+过去的时间，截止到过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had discovered。
7.考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了与季节相适应，适时播种，在干旱地区利用每年的洪水灌溉农田。结合句意，一年有四季，结合季节来播种，所以用复数。故填seasons。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了与季节相适应，适时播种，在干旱地区利用每年的洪水灌溉农田。此处make没有连词并列，也不是从句谓语，故作非谓语。与and前的planting并列，故填making。
9.考查定冠词。句意：随着科技的崛起，改变就此发生。后面有of限定，故此处是指定的上升，用定冠词the，故填the。
10.考查一般过去时。句意：新手段意味着在农场工作的人减少了。此处作谓语，结合前一句话的began和本句话的worked，可知是一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事实或过去的看法评价，故填meant。
2020浙江卷1月
Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median （中位数的）age of an American in 1950 1 （be）30—today it is 41 and is expected 2 （increase）to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 3 （number）are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven 4 two factors. The first is declining birth races, which means old generations are larger 5 （compare）to younger generations, and so, on average, the population become 6 （old）than before. This is 7 （particular）true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 8 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 9 （place）on longevity（长寿）. It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier 10 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
【答案】：was ; to increase ; numbers ; by ; compared ; older ; particularly ; a ; be placed ; and
解析：1.考查谓语动词的变化。根据本句时间标志in 1950，可知这里为一般过去时。故答案：为was。
2.考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。本句谓语为is expected，所以increase要用非谓语的形式。又根据固定搭配be expected to do，故答案：为to increase。
3.考查名词复数。本句谓语为are，根据主谓一致原则，主语需要用复数形式。故答案：为numbers。
4.考查介词。根据本句谓语为is driven被动语态，译为 "被驱使" ，可知后面的介词为by。故答案：为by。
5.考查非谓语动词。根据本句…old generations are large句子已经完整了，所以compare "相比" 要用非谓语的形式，compare和逻辑主语old generations之间为被动的关系，所以要用过去分词done的形式。故答案：为compared。
6.考查形容词比较级。根据本句than可知该空为形容词比较级。故答案：为older。
7.考查副词词性转换。根据本句This is true in the USA, 句子已经完整了，应填入副词，所以形容词particular需要转化为副词particularly。故答案：为particularly。
8.考查冠词。第一次出现的单数名词前需要加不定冠词，又very为辅音音素开头。故答案：为a。
9.考查谓语动词的变化。根据本句主语attention，与本句谓语place之间为被动的关系，所以需要用被动语态be done的形式。又前面有个情态动词should，其后应加动词原形。故答案：为be placed。
10.考查连词。根据本空前后都为形容词的比较级，故这里应该填并列连词。又因为healthier和more productive不存在转折含义，为递进关系。故答案：为and。
2020全国1卷
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe（探测器）—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 1 （touch）down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2 （extreme）challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 （interesting）to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters（环形山）, more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 6 （find）and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "This really excites scientists, " Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, "because it 7 （mean）we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 （construct）." Data about the moon's composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10 （it）plans for a future lunar（月球的） base are practical.
【答案】：touched ; extremely ; where ; interest ; than ; to find ; means ; is constructed ; much ; its
解析：1.本文主要讲到的是中国的科学研究人员对于月球远侧的探索和研究。考查动词的时态。句意：无人驾驶的嫦娥四号探测器——这个名字的灵感来自中国古代的一位月亮女神——上周降落在南极艾特肯盆地。分析句子结构可知the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess为插入语，句子中缺少谓语动词。touch down着陆，降落，根据时间状语last week可知需要用一般过去时态，所以可知【答案】：为touched。
2.考查副词。句意：在月球的远侧着陆是极具挑战性的。修饰形容词challenging，需要用副词形式，extreme为形容词，非常的，尤其的。副词形式为extremely。所以可知【答案】：为extremely。
3.考查定语从句。句意：由于月球的身体阻碍了与探测器的直接无线电通信，中国首先必须将一颗卫星送入月球上方的轨道，在那里它可以向航天器和地球发送信号。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为spot，在从句中做地点状语，需要用关系副词，所以可知【答案】：为where。
4.考查名词。句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的近侧更多。be of+名词=be+形容词，interesting形容词，有趣的，名词形式为interest，所以可知【答案】：为interest。
5.考查介词。句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的近侧更多。根据句意可知本句为比较级，对月球的近侧和远侧做比较，需要用介词than表示比较，所以可知【答案】：为than。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地的区域。根据句意可知空格处表示目的，需要用不定式形式，所以可知【答案】：为to find。
7.考查动词的时态。句意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得有关月球是如何构成的信息。根据从句中的动词have，可知是一般现在时态，主语为it，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式，所以可知【答案】：为means。
8.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得有关月球是如何构成的信息。construct和主语the moon之间为被动关系，需要用被动语态，根据句意可知需要用一般现在时态的被动语态，所以可知【答案】：为is constructed。
9.考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：有关月球成分的数据，如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。根据句意可知表示多少，ice为不可数名词，需要用how much来修饰，所以可知【答案】：为much。
10.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：有关月球成分的数据，如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。修饰名词plans需要用形容词性物主代词，it为代词，形容词性物主代词形式为its，所以可知【答案】：为its。
2020全国2卷
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1 （celebrate）marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2 （carry）special significance. They represent the earth 3 （come）back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5 （decorate）with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their "Lucky Bamboo" plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 6 （certain）during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8 （care）for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms（梅花）: The 9 （beauty）long branches covered with pink-colored buds（蓓蕾） make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10 first to flower even as the snow is melting（融化）. They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【答案】：celebration ; carries ; coming ; than ; decorated ; Certainly ; with ; to care ; beautiful ; the
解析：1.考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝活动，标志着冬季的结束和春天的开始。根据空格前的不定代词a可知空格处需要用名词形式，celebrate动词，庆祝，名词形式为celebration。所以【答案】：为celebration。
2.考查动词的时态。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。分析句子结构可知从句中缺少谓语动词，根据主从句时态一致可知从句中需要用一般现在时态，主语为decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，动名词做主语，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式，所以【答案】：为carries。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着地球重新焕发生机，并对新的开始表示最美好的祝愿。分析句子结构可知句中已经有谓语动词represent，空格处需用非谓语动词，come和the earth之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以需要用现在分词表主动，所以【答案】：为coming。
4.考查介词。句意：橘子树不仅仅是装饰品。more than固定搭配，表示不仅仅，所以【答案】：为than。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很棒的礼物，你经常会看到用红包和好运的信息装饰着的它们。分析句子结构可知空格处为非谓语动词，decorate和them（橘子树）之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，所以【答案】：为decorated。
6.考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是非常必要的。分析句子结构可知空格处做状语，需用副词形式，certain形容词，当然的，副词形式为certainly。所以【答案】：为 Certainly。
7.考查介词。句意：竹子植物与健康、富足和幸福的家园联系在一起。be associated with…固定搭配，表示与……有关联。所以【答案】：为with。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很容易做成很棒的礼物。分析句子结构可知空格前为主系表结构，当表语为easy, hard, difficult, light, heavy, cheap, dangerous等形容词时，其后用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，所以【答案】：为to care。
9.考查形容词做定语。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，是很棒的装饰品。分析句子结构可知空格处做表语修饰名词branches，需要用形容词形式，beauty名词，美丽，形容词形式为beautiful。所以【答案】：为beautiful。
10.考查冠词。句意：即使雪正在融化，梅树也是最先开花的。序数词first前需要用定冠词the，所以【答案】：为the。
2020全国3卷
In ancient China lived an artist 1 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（画像） done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2 （fine）work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3 （choose）, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4 （curious）, the artist packed his bags and left. 5 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and 6 （point）down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7 （find）the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 8 （gentle）along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9 （surround）the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled（谦卑） by the greatest artist 10 earth, Mother Nature.
【答案】：whose ; finest ; be chosen ; curiosity ; When 或 As ; pointed ; to find ; gently ; surrounding ; on
解析：1.这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。
考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
2.考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示"最好的"此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
3.考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
4.考查名词，句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示"好奇心"。故填curiosity。
5.考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
6.考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示"出发去做某事"短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
8.考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示"缓缓地"。故填gently。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds （surround）the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
10.考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示"在世界上"短语为on earth。故填on。
2020山东卷（新高考）
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 4 opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 5 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection 6 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 7 (they) living at a different time in history or 8 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 9 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10 people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
【答案】：1.wealthy 2.or 3.formed 4.which 或 that 5.are called 6.is 7.themselves
8.walking 9.accuracy 10.for
解析：1.考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词作定语。故填wealthy。
2.考查连词。句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两种可能性，应使用连词or，意为“或者”。故填or。
3.考查动词时态。句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
4.考查定语从句。句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
5.考查动词时态及语态。句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museum's collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。
7.考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语补足语，imagine sb. doing sth.意为“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
9.考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处作主语，位于形容词Historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
10.考查介词。句意：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为“为了……竞争”。故填for。
三、模拟演练
一、（山东省泰安2021届高三模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Drinking coffee could activate the body’s fat-fighting defenses, which is a 36． (discover) that could have a potential effect in the battle against obesity and diabetes. In a study, researchers said that coffee may help stimulate our brown fat reserves, 37． plays a key role in how quickly we can burn calories.
There are two forms of fat cells, brown cells and white cells, and each 38． (play) a different role in our body. While brown cells help generate heat, white cells take responsibility 39． the storage of fat or energy.
“Brown fat works 40． (different) from other fat in your body and produces heat by 41． (burn) sugar and fat, often in response to cold,” said Professor Michael Symonds. “Increasing 42． (it) activity improves blood sugar control, and the extra calories burnt help with weight loss. However, until now, no one has found an 43． (accept) way to stimulate its activity in humans.
“We are now trying to find out 44． there’s another component helping with the activation of brown fat, besides caffeine.” Symonds said, “Once we have confirmed which component is responsible for this, it could potentially be used as part of a weight-management method or regulation program 45． (help) prevent diabetes.”
【答案】
36．discovery
37．which
38．plays
39．for
40．differently
41．burning
42．its
43．acceptable
44．if/whether
45．to help
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究：喝咖啡可以激活身体的抗脂肪防御系统，咖啡可能有助于刺激身体里的棕色脂肪储备，从而促进卡路里的燃烧。这一发现可能对对抗肥胖和糖尿病有潜在作用。
36．考查名词。句意：喝咖啡可以激活身体的抗脂肪防御系统，这一发现可能对对抗肥胖和糖尿病有潜在作用。根据空前不定冠词“a”可知，所填空应是名词。“discover”，动词，意为“发现”，其名词形式为“discovery(发现)”，可数名词，由冠词a可知应用其单数形式。故填discovery。
37．考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：在一项研究中，研究人员表示，咖啡可能有助于刺激我们的棕色脂肪储备，而棕色脂肪对我们燃烧卡路里的速度起着关键作用。分析可知，“__2___ plays a key role in how quickly we can burn calories”为非限制性定语从句，修饰之前名词“brown fat(棕色脂肪)”，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
38．考查动词和时态。句意：脂肪细胞有两种形式，棕色细胞和白色细胞，它们在我们的身体中扮演着不同的角色。分析可知，所填动词应是句子“each ___3___ (play) a different role in our body”中的谓语动词，结合前文动词“are”可知，应是一般现在时，主语“each”为第三人称单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
39．考查介词和固定短语。句意：棕色细胞帮助产生热量，而白色细胞负责储存脂肪或能量。“take responsibility for sth”，固定短语，意为“对……负责”。故填for。
40．考查副词。句意：“棕色脂肪的工作原理不同于你体内的其他脂肪，它通过燃烧糖和脂肪来产生热量，通常是对寒冷的反应，”迈克尔·西蒙兹教授说。分析可知，所填空应是副词作状语修饰谓语动词“works”。“different”，形容词，意为“不同的”，其副词形式为“differently(不同地)”。故填differently。
41．考查动名词。句意：“棕色脂肪的工作原理不同于你体内的其他脂肪，它通过燃烧糖和脂肪来产生热量，通常是对寒冷的反应，”迈克尔·西蒙兹教授说。分析可知，空前“by”为介词，意为“凭借；通过”，所填空应是动名词作宾语。“by doing sth”，意为“通过做某事的方式”。故填burning。
42．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：增加它的活动可以改善血糖控制，燃烧的额外热量有助于减肥。分析可知，空后“activity(活动)”为名词，所填空应是形容词性物主代词作其定语。故填its。
43．考查形容词。句意：然而，到目前为止，还没有人找到一种可接受的方法来刺激它在人体中的活动。分析可知，空后“way”为名词，所填空应是形容词作其定语。“accept”，动词，意为“接受”，其形容词形式为“acceptable(可接受的)”。故填acceptable。
44．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：“我们现在正试图找出除了咖啡因之外，是否还有其他成分有助于激活棕色脂肪。”分析可知，“___9 ___ there’s another component helping with the activation of brown fat, besides caffeine”为之前动词短语“find out”的宾语从句。从句中句子结构完整，结合动词短语“find out”意为“查明；弄清楚”含义，从句应表达“是否”含义，应用if/whether引导从句。故填if/whether。
45．考查动词不定式。句意：西蒙兹说：“一旦我们确定了是哪一种成分导致了这种情况，它就有可能被用作体重管理方法或控制计划的一部分，以帮助预防糖尿病。”分析可知，句子已有谓语“could be used”，所填动词应是目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。故填to help。
二、（福建省龙岩市2021届高三质检）用单词的适当形式完成短文
The UAE Embassy to the People's Republic of China joined with Hala China and China Fashion Association to support the showcasing of 56． (emerge) local fashion talents from across the UAE at Emirati Fashion Days 2021.
This novel event will bring the57．(good) UAE traditional and modern fashion designers and fashion houses to Chinese audiences keen to see unique designs and Emirati styles. 58． (participant) from across the UAE are joining Emirati Fashion Days through a combination of live-streaming and video-led brand content from short video platforms, 59． a perfect opportunity is provided for Chinese people 60． (see) the most sparkling sides in Emirati traditional fashion and also modern designs, expertise, resources and 61． (creative), as the UAE Embassy states. He 62． (insist) the UAE is a great believer and stakeholder in open globalized trade through the Belt and Road Initiative and that Emirati Fashion Days 2021 will create exposure for style across both markets and further growth of both Chinese and Emirati fashion industries.
Emirati Fashion Days 2021 includes more than 10 home-grown UAE brands and will run for a week or so. And 63． means of this virtual event, sustainable e-commerce practices, short video platforms and 64． (advance) technologies will be adopted to present virtual fashion showcases, providing 65． safe and sustainable approach.
【答案】
56．emerging
57．best
58．Participants
59．where
60．to see
61．creativity
62．insists
63．by
64．advanced
65．a
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。据阿联酋驻华大使馆介绍，2021年阿联酋时尚日将为丰富阿中时尚交流创造机会。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：阿联酋驻华大使馆将携手阿联酋“拥抱中国”与中国服装设计师协会，支持阿联酋本土新兴时装人才参加2021年阿联酋时尚日活动。此空所给动词在介词of后，应用动名词形式，故填emerging。
57．考查形容词最高级。句意：这项新颖的活动将呈现最好的阿联酋传统和现代时装设计师以及时装商店给热衷于欣赏独特设计和阿联酋风格的中国观众。此空修饰名词designers和fashion houses，应用形容词，且此空前有定冠词the，并结合句意表示阿联酋范围内最好的设计师和时装店，所以用形容词最高级，故填best。
58．考查名词的数。句意：据阿联酋大使馆介绍，阿联酋各地的参与者将通过短视频平台的直播和视频引导品牌内容相结合的方式加入阿联酋时尚日，这为中国人民提供了品鉴阿联酋传统时尚与现代设计精粹、专长、资源以及创新的绝好机会。此空是句子主语，谓语are是复数，所以主语用复数形式，故填Participants。
59．考查定语从句。句意：参见上题。分析句子结构和句意可知，此空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是short video platforms，表示的是抽象的地点，从句结构完整，所以用关系副词where引导，故填where。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：参见第3题。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
61．考查名词。句意：参见第3题。此空和and前名词并列，作see后宾语，应用名词形式，且creativity表示“创新”是不可数名词，故填creativity。
62．考查时态。句意：他坚持认为，阿联酋是“一带一路”倡议下全球化贸易的坚定信奉者和利益相关者。2021年阿联酋时尚日将为丰富两国的时尚交流以及中国和阿联酋时装品牌的进一步发展创造机会。此空是谓语动词，根据句意，表示的是“他现在的看法”，应用一般现在时态，且主语是第三人称单数，故填insists。
63．考查介词。句意：通过这一虚拟活动，采用可持续的电子商务实践、短视频平台和先进技术，以安全和可持续的方式，呈现虚拟时装展示。by means of“借助于；凭借”，符合句意，故填by。
64．考查形容词。句意：参见上题。此空修饰名词technologies，形容词advanced“先进的”符合要求，故填advanced。
65．考查冠词。句意：参见第8题。此处泛指“一种安全且可持续的方式”，应用不定冠词，safe以辅音音素开头，故填a。
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wuhan, 36． capital city of Central China's Hubei province, once hardest-hit by COVID-19, 37． (invite) medical workers and their relatives across China who had assisted with the fight against the epidemic to enjoy its cherry blossom season.
All A-level tourist 38． (spot) in the city offered free entry to medical workers, and Wuhan University, one of the best places in the city 39． (admire) cherry blossom, announced it would provide free exclusive visits for them from Saturday to Sunday. Exclusive activities including shows and performances 40． (hold) in the following three years. Data showed more than 21,000 medical workers, over 3,800 of 41． came from outside the city, registered online to visit the campus during the weekend. A total of 1,500 students and teachers of the university volunteered to provide services for them such as 42． (guide) tours.
43． the assistance of more than 42,000 medical workers across China, the epidemie in. Wuhan has been 44． (gradual) brought under control. Thanks to the devotion of these medical workers, the city regains its vitality through the 45． (arrive) of seasonal cherry bosoms.
【答案】
36．the
37．invited
38．spots
39．to admire
40．will be held
41．whom
42．guided
43．With
44．gradually
45．arrival
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述武汉市为感谢医护人员在抗击疫情中的努力，邀请全国各地协助抗击疫情的医护人员和家属一起到武汉赏樱花。
36．考查定冠词。句意：中国中部湖北省的省会城市武汉，曾经是疫情最严重的地区，邀请全国各地协助抗击疫情的医护人员和家属一起赏樱花。此处特指“湖北省的省会城市”，应用定冠词the。故填the。
37．考查时态。句意：中国中部湖北省的省会城市武汉，曾经是疫情最严重的地区，邀请全国各地协助抗击疫情的医护人员和家属一起赏樱花。空处是谓语动词，根据句意，应用一般过去时，故填invited。
38．考查名词复数。句意：武汉所有A级景区均对医护人员免费开放，武汉大学——武汉赏樱花的最佳去处之一——也宣布将在周六至周日为医护人员提供免费专场参观。spot是可数名词，结合空前的All可知，此处应用复数形式。故填spots。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：武汉所有A级景区均对医护人员免费开放，武汉大学——武汉赏樱花的最佳去处之一——也宣布将在周六至周日为医护人员提供免费专场参观。此处用动词不定式作定语，修饰名词places。故填to admire。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：未来三年将举办包括演出和表演在内的专属活动。主语Exclusive activities和动词hold之间是被动关系，且由“in the following three years”可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be held。
41．考查定语从句。句意：数据显示，超过21000名医务工作者，其中超过3800名来自外地，在网上注册，在周末访问校园。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是workers，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用whom，故填whom。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：该校共有1500名师生志愿者为他们提供导游等服务。空处作定语修饰名词tours，动词guide和tours之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。故填guided。
43．考查介词。句意：在全国4.2万多名医护人员的协助下，武汉的疫情已逐渐得到控制。with the assistance of在……的协助下，是固定短语，首字母应大写。故填With。
44．考查副词。句意：在全国4.2万多名医护人员的协助下，武汉的疫情已逐渐得到控制。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填gradually。
45．考查名词。句意：由于这些医务工作者的努力，这座城市通过季节樱花的到来重新焕发了活力。空处应用名词作介词through的宾语，故填arrival。
四、（福建漳州市2021届高三质检）
The movie “Hi, Mom” 36． （bring）in more than 5 billion yuan at the box office since its release in early February. It is 37． （current）the second highest box-office film ever released in the country, and may vet overtake “Wolf Warrior 2”.
Written and directed by Jia Ling, the film 38． （adapt）from her comedy routine which explored her relationship with her mother, 39． died in an accident when Ms Jia was 19. At a time when many people were separated 40． their families, the themes of sorrow and filial piety（孝道）in “Hi, Mom” resonated（共鸣）.
41． （compare）with Hollywood，the film's impressive box office is also 42． obvious reminder of the health of the industry in China. In the 43． （west）countries cinemas remain closed due to lockdown while in China between 50% and 75% of seats are available 44． （book）. During the Spring Festival, Chinese cinemas made an estimated $ 1.5 billion in ticket sales—71%of takings at the American box office in all of 2020.
The success of “Hi, Mom” also shows the increasing 45． （popular）of domestic productions.
【答案】
36．has brought
37．currently
38．was adapted
39．who
40．from
41．Compared
42．an
43．western
44．to book
45．popularity
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影《你好，李焕英》的成功。
36．考查时态。句意：电影《你好，李焕英》自2月初上映以来，票房收入已超过50亿元。根据“since its release in early February.”可知用现在完成时。主语The movie “Hi, Mom”为单数，主谓一致，故填has brought。
37．考查副词。句意：它是目前国内票房第二高的电影，可能会超过《战狼2》。句中用副词作时间状语。故填currently。
38．考查时态语态。句意：这部电影由贾玲编剧和导演，改编自她的喜剧节目，讲述了她与母亲的关系。贾玲19岁时，母亲死于一场事故。“explored”一词表明陈述的是过去的事实，用一般过去时。主语the film与adapt之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was adapted。
39．考查定语从句。句意：这部电影由贾玲编剧和导演，改编自她的喜剧节目，讲述了她与母亲的关系。贾玲19岁时，母亲死于一场事故。句中先行词her mother，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
40．考查介词。句意：在那个许多人都与家人失散的年代，《你好，李焕英》中悲伤和孝道的主题引起了共鸣。be separated from和……分离开。故填from。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：与好莱坞相比，这部电影令人印象深刻的票房也明显提醒了中国电影业的健康发展。分析可知，此处为非谓语，句中逻辑主语the film's impressive box office与compare之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填Compared。
42．考查冠词。句意：与好莱坞相比，这部电影令人印象深刻的票房也明显提醒了中国电影业的健康发展。名词reminder为可数名词，泛指，且前形容词obvious发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
43．考查形容词。句意：在西方国家，电影院仍因封锁而关闭，而在中国，50%至75%的座位仍可预订。修饰名词countries，前用形容词形式。故填western。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：在西方国家，电影院仍因封锁而关闭，而在中国，50%至75%的座位仍可预订。sth be available to do某物可以得到/用来做……，不定式与被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系，用主动表被动。故填to book。
45．考查名词。句意：《你好，李焕英》的成功也显示了国产电影的日益流行。形容词increasing后接名词形式，表抽象意义，不可数，故填popularity。
五、（广东省清远市2021届高三模拟）
Earth Day 36． (found) in 1970 as a day of education about environmental problems, and Earth Day 20 occurs on Wednesday, April 22—the holiday’s 50th anniversary. The holiday is now a global celebration that’s sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of 37． (event) focused on green living.
38． (elect) to the U.S. Senate（参议院）in 1962, Senator Gaylord Nelson was determined to convince the federal government that the planet was 39． risk. In 1969, Nelson developed the idea for Earth Day after 40． (inspire) by the anti-Vietnam War “teach-ins” that were taking place on college campuses around the United States.
Denis Hayes, a young activist 41． had served as student president at Stanford University, was selected as Earth Day’s national coordinator（协调者）, and he worked with 42． army of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelson’s Senate office 43． (organize) the project.
The first Earth Day was effective at raising 44． (aware) about environmental problems and transforming public attitudes. Earth Day kicked off the “Environmental decade with a bang,” as Senator Nelson later put it. The theme of Earth Day 2020 is “climate action.” EarthDay.org hopes it will be the 45． (large) volunteer event in history.
【答案】
36．was founded
37．events
38．Elected
39．at
40．being inspired
41．who/that
42．an
43．to organize
44．awareness
45．largest
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍地球日的由来。
36．考查时态和语态。句中主语Earth Day与动词found之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句中时间状语in 1970可知用一般过去时。且主语是第三人称单数，故填was founded。
37．考查名词的数。名词event为可数名词，根据a full seven days of可知用复数形式，表示“为期七天的活动”。故填events。
38．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语Senator Gaylord Nelson与elect之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填Elected。
39．考查介词。短语at risk表示“处境危险，遭受危险”。故填at。
40．考查非谓语动词。介词after之后用v-ing形式。主语Nelson与inspire之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故填being inspired。
41．考查定语从句。句中先行词为a young activist，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。
42．考查冠词。an army of一大批, 一大群。名词army发音是以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
43．考查非谓语动词。句中不定式作目的状语。故填to organize。
44．考查名词。动词raise后接名词形式作宾语。故填awareness。
45．考查形容词最高级。句意：EarthDay.org 希望这将是历史上规模最大的志愿者活动。根据句意可知，这里用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。
六、（广东省梅州市2021届高三质检）
Just a mere fifteen years earlier, getting from one city to another left travelers with very few options. And now all of that has changed 36． (complete).
Taking a trip from Shanghai to Beijing? For those under the pressures of the clock, the 37．(quick) and most convenient mode of travel would be the plane. New airports 38． (spring) up in every major province, opening up access to regions of China,which 39．(leave) unexplored by previous foreign travels.
But if the price of planes is a bit high or if the fear of heights gets you down, 40． (take) a bullet train is a great option. The bullet railway is just barely longer 41． the plane trip and watching city and countryside views from the window is an experience in 42． (it).
And the options don't stop there. Why not take 43． wheel yourself? Nowadays car rental is easy and inexpensive. The newly paved roads are welcoming and GPS systems 44． (be) just as advanced as any international area. Take to the backroads and explore the different parts of the countryside, 45． have taken a significant jump in living standards.
【答案】
36．completely
37．quickest
38．have sprung
39．were/are left
40．taking
41．than
42．itself
43．the
44．are
45．which
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来中国交通的发展给旅游带来了极大的便利，使得人们有更多出行的方式。
36．考查副词。句意：现在，所有一切都已经完全改变了。分析可知，此处应用副词修饰动词change。故填completely。
37．考查形容词最高级。句意：对于那些承受着时间压力的人来说，最快捷、最方便的旅行方式就是飞机。结合定冠词the和下文的most convenient可知，此处应用形容词的最高级作定语，修饰名词词组mode of travel。故填quickest。
38．考查时态。句意：每个主要省份都出现了新的机场，开放了通往中国那些因以往的外国旅行而未被开发的地区的通道。分析可知，设空处为主句谓语动词；结合语境，此处指过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语new airports是复数，助动词应用have。故填have sprung。
39．考查时态和语态。句意：每个主要省份都出现了新的机场，开放了通往中国那些以往未被国外旅行开发地区的通道。分析可知，设空处为定语从句的谓语动词；结合语境可知，此处可指过去或现在未被开发，故可用一般过去时和一般现在时，which指代先行词regions，为复数，且和leave之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。故填were/are left。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果飞机的价格有点高，或者恐高症让你情绪低落，乘动车是个不错的选择。分析可知，设空处为主句主语，故应用所给词的动名词形式。故填taking。
41．考查介词。句意：动车比飞机旅行时间长，从窗口观看城市和乡村景色本身就是一种体验。结合句意和上文的longer可知，此处应填介词than“比”来表达动车和飞机旅程的对比。故填than。
42．考查代词。句意：动车比飞机旅行时间长，从窗口观看城市和乡村景色本身就是一种体验。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语in itself“本质上，就其本身而言”。故填itself。
43．考查冠词。句意：为什么不自己开车呢？此处为固定短语take the wheel“开车”。故填the。
44．考查主谓一致。句意：新铺设的道路很受欢迎，GPS系统和任何国际地区一样先进。分析可知，此处为and并列句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文的are可知为一般现在时，主语GPS systems为复数，be动词应用are。故填are。
45．考查定语从句。句意：走偏僻的路、探索农村的不同地区，这让那里的生活水平有了很大的提高。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子，关系词代替它在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
专题20 语法填空之无提示词（解析版）
在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。
语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。
无提示词的空处一般考查的是介、冠、连、代（代词也有可能给提示词）。
一、无提示词解题思维导图
“无提示词类”解题攻略
(一)高频考点之一：填介词
解题
攻略
当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词。对介词的考查通常侧重于固定搭配中的介词及常见介词的习惯用法。
举例1
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a scientist who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ____ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
分析：search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，此处指“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。故填for。
举例2
It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ____ work.
分析：travel to and from work表示“上下班”，故填from。
(二)高频考点之二：填冠词
解题
攻略
当空格后有名词而且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者空格处修饰序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式时，那么空格处一般是填冠词。有时还考查冠词在一些固定搭配中的用法。
举例3
Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ____ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
分析：句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。特指在过去的25年里。故填定冠词the。
举例4
Unexpectedly, I'm facetoface with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____ top of her lungs.
分析：固定短语at the top of“在……的顶部”，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。故填the。
(三)高频考点之三：填从属关联词
解题
攻略
当空格前后为两个句子，且其中一个句子在另一句中充当某一句子成分时，空格处应填从属关联词。一般情况下，考查的是定语从句的关联词，有时也考查名词性从句或状语从句的关联词。
举例5
Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ____ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
分析：分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a study，并在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。
举例6
Over time, ____ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
分析：根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”或“当……时候”，故填as/when。
(四)低频考点：填并列连词
解题攻略
当空格前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般是填并列连词。
举例7
Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality. Corn uses less water ____ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.
分析：根据比较级less可知，此处将玉米和水稻用水量进行比较，需填连词，故填than。
二、高考真题分项演练
1.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10 must to visit!
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，must 为名词，表示 "必须的事" ，所以前应用冠词，且无特指。故填a。
2.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9 (I).
【答案】mine
【解析】考查代词。根据提示词可知，句意为：这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代the song, does指代动词sticks，空格处应指 my memory， 为了避免重复，用名词性物主代词来代替 "形容词性物主代词 + 名词"。故填mine。
3.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）It took us about 3 hours to go all 8 way around the Xi'an City Wall.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。 all the way 为固定搭配，意为 "自始自终，一路上" 。故填the。
4.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。空格处所填词与空后的growing popularity of…一起作to的宾语，构成the growing popularity of…的固定用法。句意：因为与环境相关的且有冒险性的旅行越来越流行……。故填the。
5.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空） 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词the，the Linclons 林肯一家人。the+姓氏的复数，表示一家人。句意：林肯一家人在1856年把房子扩建为一栋二楼，以满足他们日益增长的家人的需求。
6.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）It was built originally to protect the city 2 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.
【答案】 in
【解析】考查介词。在唐朝the Tang dynasty，是段时间，故填 in。
7.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 6 trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。根据空格前后为名词并具有所属关系。句意：……各种各样的旅行被归类于生态旅行。故填of。
8.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men.
【答案】by
【解析】考查介词。句意：研究发现1985-2017年间，男人和女人BMI的平均数值上升了2.1。increase by+数值表示增长了多少，故答案为by。
9.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空） In 1844 they bought it 2 ＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser...
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。buy sth. for +价格，表示以什么价格购买某物。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格购买了这个房子和一些地。
10.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
【答案】than
【解析】考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。
11.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70． earth, Mother Nature.
【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。
12.（2020·山东卷语法填空）Museums must compete 45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为“为了……竞争”。故填for。
13.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
【答案】that 或 which
【解析】考查关系代词。句意：BMI是全球公认的表示体重是否处于健康状态的测量工具。分析句子结构可知gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.是BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool的定语从句，先行词为tool, 故答案为that/which。
14. （2020新课标Ⅲ卷高考真题）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
15.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
16.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
17..【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
18.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
三、高考真题综合演练
2021.6新高考一卷
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road". 1 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2 (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 4 (hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 7 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9 (I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10 must to visit!
【答案】What ; humans ; undoubtedly ; hotter ; astonished ; was ; and ; aching ; mine ; a
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，去游览黄山时，作者想起甲壳虫乐队的流行歌曲《蜿蜒长路》，这条漫长而曲折的道路永远留在游客的记忆中。
【解析】1： 考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，_____is so breathing about the experience 作 is 的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。
2： 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词应该作 we 的同位语，故应该填名词的复数形式。故填humans。
3： 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词help，故应用副词形式。Undoubted 变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。
4： 考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构可知，此处考查 the more… the more… 的固定用法；所以空格处应填形容词的比较级。故填hotter。
5： 考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构， 表示 "使……处于某种状态" 。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。
6： 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的提示词then可知，表示当时的情况，故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；从句主语为it，是第三人称单数形式。故填was。
7： 考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，两个谓语动词highlights和offers之间缺少连接词进行连接；同时，两个动作间为并列关系，所以应填并列连词。故填and。
8： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，因为名词legs与动词ache为主动关系，所以此处应该填现在分词作定语修饰 legs。故填aching。
9： 考查代词。根据提示词可知，句意为：这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代the song, does指代动词sticks，空格处应指 my memory， 为了避免重复，用名词性物主代词来代替 "形容词性物主代词 + 名词"。故填mine。
10： 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，must 为名词，表示 "必须的事" ，所以前应用冠词，且无特指。故填a。
2020.7海南卷
These days, it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 1 (begin) computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 2 (education) computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a 3 (require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 4 (profession).
The Digital World is a set of volumes 5 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 6 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 8 (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 9 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10 (we) Further Resources section featured in each volume.
【答案】to begin ; educational ; requirement ; professions ; that 或 which ; a ; and ; is ; are encouraged ; our
【解析】1 ：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《数字世界》丛书的出版的背景和目的等方面信息。考查非谓语动词。句意：如今, 10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站，二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课，这些都很常见，本题考查'lt is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.结构，该结构it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，故答案为：to begin。
2 ：考查形容词。句意：与此同时，电脑游戏越来越受欢迎，主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发教育电脑程序。修饰名词computer programs，前用形容词形式，故答案为：educational。
3 ：考查名词，句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具，动词become后接名词作宾语，根据前面的不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式，故答案为：requirement。
4 ：考查名词的数。句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词profession为可数名词，根据前面的most修饰可知用复数形式，故答案为：professions。
5 ：考查定语从句。句意：《数字世界》是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。句中先行词为volumes，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导，故答案为：that/which。
6 ：考查冠词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响，a range of一套，一系列，wide是以辅音音来发音开头，所以用不定冠词a。故答案为：a。
7 ：考查连词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响，前后句为并列关系，所以用连词and，故答案为：and。
8 ：考查主谓一致。句意：因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的，所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和工具的一个示例，并解释技术的基本原理。 the number of….数量，后接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时，故答案为：is。
9 ：考查语态，句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时，故答案为：are encouraged。
10 ：考查代词。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resourcessection，前用形容词性物主代词。故答案为：our。
2020浙江卷7月
Some time after 10, 000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1 , through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 2 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person 3 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 4 （need）. Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5 （change）lives.
By about 6000 BC, people 6 （discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the 7 （season）, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 8 （make）use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉） their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with 9 rise of science, changes began. New methods 10 （mean）that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥） have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
【答案】：in ; what ; than ; was needed ; to change ; had discovered ; seasons ; making ; the ; meant
解析：1.文章大意：文章讲述了人类农业文明的发展史。考查介词。句意：公元前一万年后的一段时间内，人们第一次真正地试图通过农业控制他们所居住的世界。分析句子结构可知they live in作the world的定语，live in the world居住在地球上，故填in。
2.考查名词性从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始越来越少地依赖于从野外狩猎或采集什么，而更多地依赖于他们饲养的动物和他们播种的庄稼。分析句子结构可知本句为宾语从句该从句缺主语，根据句意可知表示……的东西，用what，故填what。
3.考查介词。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。前面有more，此处进行比较，故填than。
4.考查被动语态和一般过去时。句意：出生的人口数越多，需要的食物也就越多。此处作谓语，食物和需要之间是被动关系，结合前面were，此处用被动语态的过去式，故填was needed。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力量。该句子谓语是gave，故change作非谓语，表示目的补充，用不定式，故填to change。
6.考查过去完成时。句意：到公元前6000年，人们发现了最适合种植的农作物和饲养的动物。By+过去的时间，截止到过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had discovered。
7.考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了与季节相适应，适时播种，在干旱地区利用每年的洪水灌溉农田。结合句意，一年有四季，结合季节来播种，所以用复数。故填seasons。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了与季节相适应，适时播种，在干旱地区利用每年的洪水灌溉农田。此处make没有连词并列，也不是从句谓语，故作非谓语。与and前的planting并列，故填making。
9.考查定冠词。句意：随着科技的崛起，改变就此发生。后面有of限定，故此处是指定的上升，用定冠词the，故填the。
10.考查一般过去时。句意：新手段意味着在农场工作的人减少了。此处作谓语，结合前一句话的began和本句话的worked，可知是一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事实或过去的看法评价，故填meant。
2020浙江卷1月
Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median （中位数的）age of an American in 1950 1 （be）30—today it is 41 and is expected 2 （increase）to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 3 （number）are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven 4 two factors. The first is declining birth races, which means old generations are larger 5 （compare）to younger generations, and so, on average, the population become 6 （old）than before. This is 7 （particular）true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 8 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 9 （place）on longevity（长寿）. It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier 10 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
【答案】：was ; to increase ; numbers ; by ; compared ; older ; particularly ; a ; be placed ; and
解析：1.考查谓语动词的变化。根据本句时间标志in 1950，可知这里为一般过去时。故答案：为was。
2.考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。本句谓语为is expected，所以increase要用非谓语的形式。又根据固定搭配be expected to do，故答案：为to increase。
3.考查名词复数。本句谓语为are，根据主谓一致原则，主语需要用复数形式。故答案：为numbers。
4.考查介词。根据本句谓语为is driven被动语态，译为 "被驱使" ，可知后面的介词为by。故答案：为by。
5.考查非谓语动词。根据本句…old generations are large句子已经完整了，所以compare "相比" 要用非谓语的形式，compare和逻辑主语old generations之间为被动的关系，所以要用过去分词done的形式。故答案：为compared。
6.考查形容词比较级。根据本句than可知该空为形容词比较级。故答案：为older。
7.考查副词词性转换。根据本句This is true in the USA, 句子已经完整了，应填入副词，所以形容词particular需要转化为副词particularly。故答案：为particularly。
8.考查冠词。第一次出现的单数名词前需要加不定冠词，又very为辅音音素开头。故答案：为a。
9.考查谓语动词的变化。根据本句主语attention，与本句谓语place之间为被动的关系，所以需要用被动语态be done的形式。又前面有个情态动词should，其后应加动词原形。故答案：为be placed。
10.考查连词。根据本空前后都为形容词的比较级，故这里应该填并列连词。又因为healthier和more productive不存在转折含义，为递进关系。故答案：为and。
2020全国1卷
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe（探测器）—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 1 （touch）down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2 （extreme）challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 （interesting）to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters（环形山）, more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 6 （find）and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "This really excites scientists, " Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, "because it 7 （mean）we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 （construct）." Data about the moon's composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10 （it）plans for a future lunar（月球的） base are practical.
【答案】：touched ; extremely ; where ; interest ; than ; to find ; means ; is constructed ; much ; its
解析：1.本文主要讲到的是中国的科学研究人员对于月球远侧的探索和研究。考查动词的时态。句意：无人驾驶的嫦娥四号探测器——这个名字的灵感来自中国古代的一位月亮女神——上周降落在南极艾特肯盆地。分析句子结构可知the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess为插入语，句子中缺少谓语动词。touch down着陆，降落，根据时间状语last week可知需要用一般过去时态，所以可知【答案】：为touched。
2.考查副词。句意：在月球的远侧着陆是极具挑战性的。修饰形容词challenging，需要用副词形式，extreme为形容词，非常的，尤其的。副词形式为extremely。所以可知【答案】：为extremely。
3.考查定语从句。句意：由于月球的身体阻碍了与探测器的直接无线电通信，中国首先必须将一颗卫星送入月球上方的轨道，在那里它可以向航天器和地球发送信号。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为spot，在从句中做地点状语，需要用关系副词，所以可知【答案】：为where。
4.考查名词。句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的近侧更多。be of+名词=be+形容词，interesting形容词，有趣的，名词形式为interest，所以可知【答案】：为interest。
5.考查介词。句意：科学家们对月球的远侧特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的近侧更多。根据句意可知本句为比较级，对月球的近侧和远侧做比较，需要用介词than表示比较，所以可知【答案】：为than。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地的区域。根据句意可知空格处表示目的，需要用不定式形式，所以可知【答案】：为to find。
7.考查动词的时态。句意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得有关月球是如何构成的信息。根据从句中的动词have，可知是一般现在时态，主语为it，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式，所以可知【答案】：为means。
8.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得有关月球是如何构成的信息。construct和主语the moon之间为被动关系，需要用被动语态，根据句意可知需要用一般现在时态的被动语态，所以可知【答案】：为is constructed。
9.考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：有关月球成分的数据，如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。根据句意可知表示多少，ice为不可数名词，需要用how much来修饰，所以可知【答案】：为much。
10.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：有关月球成分的数据，如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。修饰名词plans需要用形容词性物主代词，it为代词，形容词性物主代词形式为its，所以可知【答案】：为its。
2020全国2卷
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1 （celebrate）marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2 （carry）special significance. They represent the earth 3 （come）back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5 （decorate）with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their "Lucky Bamboo" plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 6 （certain）during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8 （care）for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms（梅花）: The 9 （beauty）long branches covered with pink-colored buds（蓓蕾） make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10 first to flower even as the snow is melting（融化）. They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【答案】：celebration ; carries ; coming ; than ; decorated ; Certainly ; with ; to care ; beautiful ; the
解析：1.考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝活动，标志着冬季的结束和春天的开始。根据空格前的不定代词a可知空格处需要用名词形式，celebrate动词，庆祝，名词形式为celebration。所以【答案】：为celebration。
2.考查动词的时态。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。分析句子结构可知从句中缺少谓语动词，根据主从句时态一致可知从句中需要用一般现在时态，主语为decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，动名词做主语，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式，所以【答案】：为carries。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着地球重新焕发生机，并对新的开始表示最美好的祝愿。分析句子结构可知句中已经有谓语动词represent，空格处需用非谓语动词，come和the earth之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以需要用现在分词表主动，所以【答案】：为coming。
4.考查介词。句意：橘子树不仅仅是装饰品。more than固定搭配，表示不仅仅，所以【答案】：为than。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很棒的礼物，你经常会看到用红包和好运的信息装饰着的它们。分析句子结构可知空格处为非谓语动词，decorate和them（橘子树）之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，所以【答案】：为decorated。
6.考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是非常必要的。分析句子结构可知空格处做状语，需用副词形式，certain形容词，当然的，副词形式为certainly。所以【答案】：为 Certainly。
7.考查介词。句意：竹子植物与健康、富足和幸福的家园联系在一起。be associated with…固定搭配，表示与……有关联。所以【答案】：为with。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很容易做成很棒的礼物。分析句子结构可知空格前为主系表结构，当表语为easy, hard, difficult, light, heavy, cheap, dangerous等形容词时，其后用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，所以【答案】：为to care。
9.考查形容词做定语。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，是很棒的装饰品。分析句子结构可知空格处做表语修饰名词branches，需要用形容词形式，beauty名词，美丽，形容词形式为beautiful。所以【答案】：为beautiful。
10.考查冠词。句意：即使雪正在融化，梅树也是最先开花的。序数词first前需要用定冠词the，所以【答案】：为the。
2020全国3卷
In ancient China lived an artist 1 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（画像） done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2 （fine）work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3 （choose）, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4 （curious）, the artist packed his bags and left. 5 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and 6 （point）down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7 （find）the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 8 （gentle）along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9 （surround）the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled（谦卑） by the greatest artist 10 earth, Mother Nature.
【答案】：whose ; finest ; be chosen ; curiosity ; When 或 As ; pointed ; to find ; gently ; surrounding ; on
解析：1.这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。
考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
2.考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示"最好的"此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
3.考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
4.考查名词，句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示"好奇心"。故填curiosity。
5.考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
6.考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示"出发去做某事"短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
8.考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示"缓缓地"。故填gently。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds （surround）the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
10.考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示"在世界上"短语为on earth。故填on。
2020山东卷（新高考）
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 4 opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 5 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection 6 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 7 (they) living at a different time in history or 8 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 9 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10 people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
【答案】：1.wealthy 2.or 3.formed 4.which 或 that 5.are called 6.is 7.themselves
8.walking 9.accuracy 10.for
解析：1.考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词作定语。故填wealthy。
2.考查连词。句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两种可能性，应使用连词or，意为“或者”。故填or。
3.考查动词时态。句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
4.考查定语从句。句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
5.考查动词时态及语态。句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museum's collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。
7.考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语补足语，imagine sb. doing sth.意为“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
9.考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处作主语，位于形容词Historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
10.考查介词。句意：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为“为了……竞争”。故填for。
三、模拟演练
一、（山东省泰安2021届高三模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Drinking coffee could activate the body’s fat-fighting defenses, which is a 36． (discover) that could have a potential effect in the battle against obesity and diabetes. In a study, researchers said that coffee may help stimulate our brown fat reserves, 37． plays a key role in how quickly we can burn calories.
There are two forms of fat cells, brown cells and white cells, and each 38． (play) a different role in our body. While brown cells help generate heat, white cells take responsibility 39． the storage of fat or energy.
“Brown fat works 40． (different) from other fat in your body and produces heat by 41． (burn) sugar and fat, often in response to cold,” said Professor Michael Symonds. “Increasing 42． (it) activity improves blood sugar control, and the extra calories burnt help with weight loss. However, until now, no one has found an 43． (accept) way to stimulate its activity in humans.
“We are now trying to find out 44． there’s another component helping with the activation of brown fat, besides caffeine.” Symonds said, “Once we have confirmed which component is responsible for this, it could potentially be used as part of a weight-management method or regulation program 45． (help) prevent diabetes.”
【答案】
36．discovery
37．which
38．plays
39．for
40．differently
41．burning
42．its
43．acceptable
44．if/whether
45．to help
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究：喝咖啡可以激活身体的抗脂肪防御系统，咖啡可能有助于刺激身体里的棕色脂肪储备，从而促进卡路里的燃烧。这一发现可能对对抗肥胖和糖尿病有潜在作用。
36．考查名词。句意：喝咖啡可以激活身体的抗脂肪防御系统，这一发现可能对对抗肥胖和糖尿病有潜在作用。根据空前不定冠词“a”可知，所填空应是名词。“discover”，动词，意为“发现”，其名词形式为“discovery(发现)”，可数名词，由冠词a可知应用其单数形式。故填discovery。
37．考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：在一项研究中，研究人员表示，咖啡可能有助于刺激我们的棕色脂肪储备，而棕色脂肪对我们燃烧卡路里的速度起着关键作用。分析可知，“__2___ plays a key role in how quickly we can burn calories”为非限制性定语从句，修饰之前名词“brown fat(棕色脂肪)”，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
38．考查动词和时态。句意：脂肪细胞有两种形式，棕色细胞和白色细胞，它们在我们的身体中扮演着不同的角色。分析可知，所填动词应是句子“each ___3___ (play) a different role in our body”中的谓语动词，结合前文动词“are”可知，应是一般现在时，主语“each”为第三人称单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
39．考查介词和固定短语。句意：棕色细胞帮助产生热量，而白色细胞负责储存脂肪或能量。“take responsibility for sth”，固定短语，意为“对……负责”。故填for。
40．考查副词。句意：“棕色脂肪的工作原理不同于你体内的其他脂肪，它通过燃烧糖和脂肪来产生热量，通常是对寒冷的反应，”迈克尔·西蒙兹教授说。分析可知，所填空应是副词作状语修饰谓语动词“works”。“different”，形容词，意为“不同的”，其副词形式为“differently(不同地)”。故填differently。
41．考查动名词。句意：“棕色脂肪的工作原理不同于你体内的其他脂肪，它通过燃烧糖和脂肪来产生热量，通常是对寒冷的反应，”迈克尔·西蒙兹教授说。分析可知，空前“by”为介词，意为“凭借；通过”，所填空应是动名词作宾语。“by doing sth”，意为“通过做某事的方式”。故填burning。
42．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：增加它的活动可以改善血糖控制，燃烧的额外热量有助于减肥。分析可知，空后“activity(活动)”为名词，所填空应是形容词性物主代词作其定语。故填its。
43．考查形容词。句意：然而，到目前为止，还没有人找到一种可接受的方法来刺激它在人体中的活动。分析可知，空后“way”为名词，所填空应是形容词作其定语。“accept”，动词，意为“接受”，其形容词形式为“acceptable(可接受的)”。故填acceptable。
44．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：“我们现在正试图找出除了咖啡因之外，是否还有其他成分有助于激活棕色脂肪。”分析可知，“___9 ___ there’s another component helping with the activation of brown fat, besides caffeine”为之前动词短语“find out”的宾语从句。从句中句子结构完整，结合动词短语“find out”意为“查明；弄清楚”含义，从句应表达“是否”含义，应用if/whether引导从句。故填if/whether。
45．考查动词不定式。句意：西蒙兹说：“一旦我们确定了是哪一种成分导致了这种情况，它就有可能被用作体重管理方法或控制计划的一部分，以帮助预防糖尿病。”分析可知，句子已有谓语“could be used”，所填动词应是目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。故填to help。
二、（福建省龙岩市2021届高三质检）用单词的适当形式完成短文
The UAE Embassy to the People's Republic of China joined with Hala China and China Fashion Association to support the showcasing of 56． (emerge) local fashion talents from across the UAE at Emirati Fashion Days 2021.
This novel event will bring the57．(good) UAE traditional and modern fashion designers and fashion houses to Chinese audiences keen to see unique designs and Emirati styles. 58． (participant) from across the UAE are joining Emirati Fashion Days through a combination of live-streaming and video-led brand content from short video platforms, 59． a perfect opportunity is provided for Chinese people 60． (see) the most sparkling sides in Emirati traditional fashion and also modern designs, expertise, resources and 61． (creative), as the UAE Embassy states. He 62． (insist) the UAE is a great believer and stakeholder in open globalized trade through the Belt and Road Initiative and that Emirati Fashion Days 2021 will create exposure for style across both markets and further growth of both Chinese and Emirati fashion industries.
Emirati Fashion Days 2021 includes more than 10 home-grown UAE brands and will run for a week or so. And 63． means of this virtual event, sustainable e-commerce practices, short video platforms and 64． (advance) technologies will be adopted to present virtual fashion showcases, providing 65． safe and sustainable approach.
【答案】
56．emerging
57．best
58．Participants
59．where
60．to see
61．creativity
62．insists
63．by
64．advanced
65．a
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。据阿联酋驻华大使馆介绍，2021年阿联酋时尚日将为丰富阿中时尚交流创造机会。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：阿联酋驻华大使馆将携手阿联酋“拥抱中国”与中国服装设计师协会，支持阿联酋本土新兴时装人才参加2021年阿联酋时尚日活动。此空所给动词在介词of后，应用动名词形式，故填emerging。
57．考查形容词最高级。句意：这项新颖的活动将呈现最好的阿联酋传统和现代时装设计师以及时装商店给热衷于欣赏独特设计和阿联酋风格的中国观众。此空修饰名词designers和fashion houses，应用形容词，且此空前有定冠词the，并结合句意表示阿联酋范围内最好的设计师和时装店，所以用形容词最高级，故填best。
58．考查名词的数。句意：据阿联酋大使馆介绍，阿联酋各地的参与者将通过短视频平台的直播和视频引导品牌内容相结合的方式加入阿联酋时尚日，这为中国人民提供了品鉴阿联酋传统时尚与现代设计精粹、专长、资源以及创新的绝好机会。此空是句子主语，谓语are是复数，所以主语用复数形式，故填Participants。
59．考查定语从句。句意：参见上题。分析句子结构和句意可知，此空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是short video platforms，表示的是抽象的地点，从句结构完整，所以用关系副词where引导，故填where。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：参见第3题。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
61．考查名词。句意：参见第3题。此空和and前名词并列，作see后宾语，应用名词形式，且creativity表示“创新”是不可数名词，故填creativity。
62．考查时态。句意：他坚持认为，阿联酋是“一带一路”倡议下全球化贸易的坚定信奉者和利益相关者。2021年阿联酋时尚日将为丰富两国的时尚交流以及中国和阿联酋时装品牌的进一步发展创造机会。此空是谓语动词，根据句意，表示的是“他现在的看法”，应用一般现在时态，且主语是第三人称单数，故填insists。
63．考查介词。句意：通过这一虚拟活动，采用可持续的电子商务实践、短视频平台和先进技术，以安全和可持续的方式，呈现虚拟时装展示。by means of“借助于；凭借”，符合句意，故填by。
64．考查形容词。句意：参见上题。此空修饰名词technologies，形容词advanced“先进的”符合要求，故填advanced。
65．考查冠词。句意：参见第8题。此处泛指“一种安全且可持续的方式”，应用不定冠词，safe以辅音音素开头，故填a。
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wuhan, 36． capital city of Central China's Hubei province, once hardest-hit by COVID-19, 37． (invite) medical workers and their relatives across China who had assisted with the fight against the epidemic to enjoy its cherry blossom season.
All A-level tourist 38． (spot) in the city offered free entry to medical workers, and Wuhan University, one of the best places in the city 39． (admire) cherry blossom, announced it would provide free exclusive visits for them from Saturday to Sunday. Exclusive activities including shows and performances 40． (hold) in the following three years. Data showed more than 21,000 medical workers, over 3,800 of 41． came from outside the city, registered online to visit the campus during the weekend. A total of 1,500 students and teachers of the university volunteered to provide services for them such as 42． (guide) tours.
43． the assistance of more than 42,000 medical workers across China, the epidemie in. Wuhan has been 44． (gradual) brought under control. Thanks to the devotion of these medical workers, the city regains its vitality through the 45． (arrive) of seasonal cherry bosoms.
【答案】
36．the
37．invited
38．spots
39．to admire
40．will be held
41．whom
42．guided
43．With
44．gradually
45．arrival
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述武汉市为感谢医护人员在抗击疫情中的努力，邀请全国各地协助抗击疫情的医护人员和家属一起到武汉赏樱花。
36．考查定冠词。句意：中国中部湖北省的省会城市武汉，曾经是疫情最严重的地区，邀请全国各地协助抗击疫情的医护人员和家属一起赏樱花。此处特指“湖北省的省会城市”，应用定冠词the。故填the。
37．考查时态。句意：中国中部湖北省的省会城市武汉，曾经是疫情最严重的地区，邀请全国各地协助抗击疫情的医护人员和家属一起赏樱花。空处是谓语动词，根据句意，应用一般过去时，故填invited。
38．考查名词复数。句意：武汉所有A级景区均对医护人员免费开放，武汉大学——武汉赏樱花的最佳去处之一——也宣布将在周六至周日为医护人员提供免费专场参观。spot是可数名词，结合空前的All可知，此处应用复数形式。故填spots。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：武汉所有A级景区均对医护人员免费开放，武汉大学——武汉赏樱花的最佳去处之一——也宣布将在周六至周日为医护人员提供免费专场参观。此处用动词不定式作定语，修饰名词places。故填to admire。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：未来三年将举办包括演出和表演在内的专属活动。主语Exclusive activities和动词hold之间是被动关系，且由“in the following three years”可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be held。
41．考查定语从句。句意：数据显示，超过21000名医务工作者，其中超过3800名来自外地，在网上注册，在周末访问校园。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是workers，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用whom，故填whom。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：该校共有1500名师生志愿者为他们提供导游等服务。空处作定语修饰名词tours，动词guide和tours之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。故填guided。
43．考查介词。句意：在全国4.2万多名医护人员的协助下，武汉的疫情已逐渐得到控制。with the assistance of在……的协助下，是固定短语，首字母应大写。故填With。
44．考查副词。句意：在全国4.2万多名医护人员的协助下，武汉的疫情已逐渐得到控制。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填gradually。
45．考查名词。句意：由于这些医务工作者的努力，这座城市通过季节樱花的到来重新焕发了活力。空处应用名词作介词through的宾语，故填arrival。
四、（福建漳州市2021届高三质检）
The movie “Hi, Mom” 36． （bring）in more than 5 billion yuan at the box office since its release in early February. It is 37． （current）the second highest box-office film ever released in the country, and may vet overtake “Wolf Warrior 2”.
Written and directed by Jia Ling, the film 38． （adapt）from her comedy routine which explored her relationship with her mother, 39． died in an accident when Ms Jia was 19. At a time when many people were separated 40． their families, the themes of sorrow and filial piety（孝道）in “Hi, Mom” resonated（共鸣）.
41． （compare）with Hollywood，the film's impressive box office is also 42． obvious reminder of the health of the industry in China. In the 43． （west）countries cinemas remain closed due to lockdown while in China between 50% and 75% of seats are available 44． （book）. During the Spring Festival, Chinese cinemas made an estimated $ 1.5 billion in ticket sales—71%of takings at the American box office in all of 2020.
The success of “Hi, Mom” also shows the increasing 45． （popular）of domestic productions.
【答案】
36．has brought
37．currently
38．was adapted
39．who
40．from
41．Compared
42．an
43．western
44．to book
45．popularity
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影《你好，李焕英》的成功。
36．考查时态。句意：电影《你好，李焕英》自2月初上映以来，票房收入已超过50亿元。根据“since its release in early February.”可知用现在完成时。主语The movie “Hi, Mom”为单数，主谓一致，故填has brought。
37．考查副词。句意：它是目前国内票房第二高的电影，可能会超过《战狼2》。句中用副词作时间状语。故填currently。
38．考查时态语态。句意：这部电影由贾玲编剧和导演，改编自她的喜剧节目，讲述了她与母亲的关系。贾玲19岁时，母亲死于一场事故。“explored”一词表明陈述的是过去的事实，用一般过去时。主语the film与adapt之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was adapted。
39．考查定语从句。句意：这部电影由贾玲编剧和导演，改编自她的喜剧节目，讲述了她与母亲的关系。贾玲19岁时，母亲死于一场事故。句中先行词her mother，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
40．考查介词。句意：在那个许多人都与家人失散的年代，《你好，李焕英》中悲伤和孝道的主题引起了共鸣。be separated from和……分离开。故填from。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：与好莱坞相比，这部电影令人印象深刻的票房也明显提醒了中国电影业的健康发展。分析可知，此处为非谓语，句中逻辑主语the film's impressive box office与compare之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填Compared。
42．考查冠词。句意：与好莱坞相比，这部电影令人印象深刻的票房也明显提醒了中国电影业的健康发展。名词reminder为可数名词，泛指，且前形容词obvious发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
43．考查形容词。句意：在西方国家，电影院仍因封锁而关闭，而在中国，50%至75%的座位仍可预订。修饰名词countries，前用形容词形式。故填western。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：在西方国家，电影院仍因封锁而关闭，而在中国，50%至75%的座位仍可预订。sth be available to do某物可以得到/用来做……，不定式与被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系，用主动表被动。故填to book。
45．考查名词。句意：《你好，李焕英》的成功也显示了国产电影的日益流行。形容词increasing后接名词形式，表抽象意义，不可数，故填popularity。
五、（广东省清远市2021届高三模拟）
Earth Day 36． (found) in 1970 as a day of education about environmental problems, and Earth Day 20 occurs on Wednesday, April 22—the holiday’s 50th anniversary. The holiday is now a global celebration that’s sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of 37． (event) focused on green living.
38． (elect) to the U.S. Senate（参议院）in 1962, Senator Gaylord Nelson was determined to convince the federal government that the planet was 39． risk. In 1969, Nelson developed the idea for Earth Day after 40． (inspire) by the anti-Vietnam War “teach-ins” that were taking place on college campuses around the United States.
Denis Hayes, a young activist 41． had served as student president at Stanford University, was selected as Earth Day’s national coordinator（协调者）, and he worked with 42． army of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelson’s Senate office 43． (organize) the project.
The first Earth Day was effective at raising 44． (aware) about environmental problems and transforming public attitudes. Earth Day kicked off the “Environmental decade with a bang,” as Senator Nelson later put it. The theme of Earth Day 2020 is “climate action.” EarthDay.org hopes it will be the 45． (large) volunteer event in history.
【答案】
36．was founded
37．events
38．Elected
39．at
40．being inspired
41．who/that
42．an
43．to organize
44．awareness
45．largest
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍地球日的由来。
36．考查时态和语态。句中主语Earth Day与动词found之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句中时间状语in 1970可知用一般过去时。且主语是第三人称单数，故填was founded。
37．考查名词的数。名词event为可数名词，根据a full seven days of可知用复数形式，表示“为期七天的活动”。故填events。
38．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语Senator Gaylord Nelson与elect之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填Elected。
39．考查介词。短语at risk表示“处境危险，遭受危险”。故填at。
40．考查非谓语动词。介词after之后用v-ing形式。主语Nelson与inspire之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故填being inspired。
41．考查定语从句。句中先行词为a young activist，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。
42．考查冠词。an army of一大批, 一大群。名词army发音是以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
43．考查非谓语动词。句中不定式作目的状语。故填to organize。
44．考查名词。动词raise后接名词形式作宾语。故填awareness。
45．考查形容词最高级。句意：EarthDay.org 希望这将是历史上规模最大的志愿者活动。根据句意可知，这里用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。
六、（广东省梅州市2021届高三质检）
Just a mere fifteen years earlier, getting from one city to another left travelers with very few options. And now all of that has changed 36． (complete).
Taking a trip from Shanghai to Beijing? For those under the pressures of the clock, the 37．(quick) and most convenient mode of travel would be the plane. New airports 38． (spring) up in every major province, opening up access to regions of China,which 39．(leave) unexplored by previous foreign travels.
But if the price of planes is a bit high or if the fear of heights gets you down, 40． (take) a bullet train is a great option. The bullet railway is just barely longer 41． the plane trip and watching city and countryside views from the window is an experience in 42． (it).
And the options don't stop there. Why not take 43． wheel yourself? Nowadays car rental is easy and inexpensive. The newly paved roads are welcoming and GPS systems 44． (be) just as advanced as any international area. Take to the backroads and explore the different parts of the countryside, 45． have taken a significant jump in living standards.
【答案】
36．completely
37．quickest
38．have sprung
39．were/are left
40．taking
41．than
42．itself
43．the
44．are
45．which
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来中国交通的发展给旅游带来了极大的便利，使得人们有更多出行的方式。
36．考查副词。句意：现在，所有一切都已经完全改变了。分析可知，此处应用副词修饰动词change。故填completely。
37．考查形容词最高级。句意：对于那些承受着时间压力的人来说，最快捷、最方便的旅行方式就是飞机。结合定冠词the和下文的most convenient可知，此处应用形容词的最高级作定语，修饰名词词组mode of travel。故填quickest。
38．考查时态。句意：每个主要省份都出现了新的机场，开放了通往中国那些因以往的外国旅行而未被开发的地区的通道。分析可知，设空处为主句谓语动词；结合语境，此处指过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语new airports是复数，助动词应用have。故填have sprung。
39．考查时态和语态。句意：每个主要省份都出现了新的机场，开放了通往中国那些以往未被国外旅行开发地区的通道。分析可知，设空处为定语从句的谓语动词；结合语境可知，此处可指过去或现在未被开发，故可用一般过去时和一般现在时，which指代先行词regions，为复数，且和leave之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。故填were/are left。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果飞机的价格有点高，或者恐高症让你情绪低落，乘动车是个不错的选择。分析可知，设空处为主句主语，故应用所给词的动名词形式。故填taking。
41．考查介词。句意：动车比飞机旅行时间长，从窗口观看城市和乡村景色本身就是一种体验。结合句意和上文的longer可知，此处应填介词than“比”来表达动车和飞机旅程的对比。故填than。
42．考查代词。句意：动车比飞机旅行时间长，从窗口观看城市和乡村景色本身就是一种体验。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语in itself“本质上，就其本身而言”。故填itself。
43．考查冠词。句意：为什么不自己开车呢？此处为固定短语take the wheel“开车”。故填the。
44．考查主谓一致。句意：新铺设的道路很受欢迎，GPS系统和任何国际地区一样先进。分析可知，此处为and并列句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文的are可知为一般现在时，主语GPS systems为复数，be动词应用are。故填are。
45．考查定语从句。句意：走偏僻的路、探索农村的不同地区，这让那里的生活水平有了很大的提高。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子，关系词代替它在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
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