专题10 阅读理解之人物类-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（全国通用）

这是一份专题10 阅读理解之人物类-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（全国通用），文件包含专题10阅读理解之人物类解析版-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练全国通用docx、专题10阅读理解之人物类原卷版-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练全国通用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。

目录
TOC \ "1-3" \h \u \l "_Tc29376" 一、热点题型归纳
\l "_Tc17993" 【题型一】推理判断题
\l "_Tc26924" 【题型二】主旨大意题
\l "_Tc12217" 【题型三】细节理解题
\l "_Tc30563" 【题型四】词义猜测题
\l "_Tc21895" 二、最新模考题组练
人物传记类阅读文章在高考中经常出现，人物传记类文章考察推理判断题和事实细节题多。
人物传记以名人生平或逸事为主。题材一般为记叙文，包含记叙文的时间，地点，人物，时间等要素。写作手法多采用时间，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。
应试策略：
准确理解细节是做好这类文章的关键。如何理解细节呢？首先从问题中找到关键词，然后依次为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速查找细节并仔细阅读该部分，认真比较选项和文章中的细节。不过，在练习人物传记类文章之前，先了解关于人物类阅读理解的常见词汇，会事半功倍。
人物传记类阅读理解词汇：
enthusiastic adj热情的 stubbrn adj 顽固的 hardwrking adj 努力的
ptimistic adj乐观的 pessimistic adj 悲观的 aggressive adj 有进取心的
cmpassinate 有同情心的 independent adj 独立的;有主见的 selfless adj 无私的
utging adj 外向的 active adj 活泼的 ambitius adj 有雄心壮志的
dedicated/devted 有奉献精神的 cnfident adj自信的 cnsiderate adj 体贴的
detached [diˈtætʃt] adj 超脱的 cperative adj 有合作精神的 faithful adj 忠诚的
creative adj 有创造力的 well-educated adj 有教养的 energetic adj 精力充沛的
dutiful adj 尽职的 frank adj 直率的 generus adj 慷慨的
gentle adj 有礼貌的 humrus adj幽默 industrius adj 勤奋的;勤勉的
mdest adj 谦虚的 respnsible adj 负责任的的 careful adj 办事仔细的
caring adj关心他人的 demanding adj 严苛的 Strict adj 严格的
bjective adj 客观的 determined adj 坚定的 knwledgeable adj 知识渊博的
capable/able adj 有能力的 patritic adj 爱国的 warm-hearted 热心的
【2020年东北三省三校一模】
Winners f 2019 Glria Barrn Prize
Glria Barrn Prize fr Yung Heres is an award that celebrates yung peple frm acrss Nrth America wh have had a psitive impact n peple, their cmmunities and the envirnment, Each year, the Prize hnrs 25 yung leaders frm ages 8 t 18. Fifteen tp winners each receive S 10,000 t supprt their service wrk r higher educatin. Here are sme f the teenagers wh have wn the prize this year.
Charlie Abrams, 15, and Jeremy Clark, 14, f Oregn, wh c-funded Affected Generatin, a yuth-led nnprfit wrking t fight climate change, help implement (实施) effective climate plicy, and create envirnmental films.
Anna Du, 13, f Massachusetts, wh invented a Remtely Operated Vehicle (ROV) that detects micr-plastics n the cean flr. She als wrte a children’s bk, Micrplastics and Me, and has raised mre than $7,000 t distribute the bk free t libraries in high-need cmmunities.
Garyk Brixi, 18, f Maryland, wh develped better life-saving relief fd fr starving children in develping cuntries. He is nw teaming with an NGO (非政府组织) t begin prducing his fd in Malawi.
Katherine McPhie, 17, and Milan Narula, 16, f Califrnia, wh c-funded Open Sesame Cding fr Kids and have taught cmputer cding skills t mre than 100 children living in hmeless and dmestic vilence shelters.
Will, 14, and Matthew Gladstne, 11, f Massachusetts, wh c-funded the blue Feet Fundatin t help save the blue-fted bby (鲣鸟). They have sld mre than 10, 000 pairs f bright blue scks t raise mre than $80,000 t fund research t study the bird’s decline in the Galapags Islands.
3. What wrds can best describe the winners f Glria Barrn Prize?
A. Clever and scially active.B. Independent and adventurus.
C. Cperative and pen-minded.D. Inspiring and scially respnsible.
【答案】D
【解析】根据文章第一段句子Glria Barrn Prize fr Yung Heres is an award that celebrates yung peple frm acrss Nrth America wh have had a psitive impact n peple, their cmmunities and the envirnment. （Glria Barrn青年英雄奖是一个奖励来自北美各地的年轻人的奖项，他们对人们、他们的社区和环境产生了积极的影响），再结合下文对获奖者的介绍可判断他们都是​鼓舞人心的，对社会负责的。故选D。
【2018年天津卷B篇】
When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay. She had requested the cmmunity t turn it int a museum upn her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drve ver t the museum. She asked, “D yu have the address?” “N, but I’ll recgnize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”
“Oh, stp. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A grup f peple sitting in the hall stpped talking and stared at us.
“May I help yu?” a man asked. “N,” I said. “We’re fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves. What if they talked a lng time abut a painting yu weren’t that interested in? Sally had gne upstairs. The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? I saw sme nice sculptures in ne rm. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where d yu think yu are?” he asked. I turned sharply. “The McNay Art Museum!” He smiled, shaking his head. “Srry, the McNay is n New Braunfels Street.” “What’s this place?” I asked, still cnfused. “Well, it’s ur hme.” My heart jlted(震颤). I raced t the staircase and called ut, “Sally! Cme dwn immediately! ”
“There’s sme really gd stuff(艺术作品) up there. ” She stepped dwn, lking cnfused. I pushed her tward the frnt dr, waving at the family, saying, “Srry, please frgive us, yu have a really nice place.’’ Outside, when I tld Sally what happened, she cvered her muth, laughing. She culdn’t believe hw lng they let us lk arund withut saying anything.
4.Hw did the authr feel abut being stared at by the peple in the hall?
A. Puzzled. B. Cncerned. C. Frightened. D. Delighted.
【答案】A
【解析】根据文中第四段The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? 大厅的人都非常爱窥探，眼睛不停的好奇的看着我，他们有什么问题。可以推断出当时作者感到很困惑，所以答案为A。
【2021年高考浙江卷A篇】
Leslie Nielsen’s childhd was a difficult ne, but he had ne particular shining star in his life — his uncle, wh was a well-knwn actr. The admiratin and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen t make a career (职业) in acting. Even thugh he ften felt he wuld be discvered t be a n-talent, he mved frward, gaining a schlarship t the Neighbrhd Playhuse and making his first televisin appearance a few years later in 1948. Hwever, becming a full-time, successful actr wuld still be an uphill battle fr anther eight years until he landed a number f film rles that finally gt him nticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he shuld be ding cmedy but his gd lks and distinguished vice kept him busy in dramatic rles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years int his career — that he landed the rle it wuld seem he was made fr in Airplane! That mvie led him int the secnd half f his career where his cmedic presence alne culd make a mvie a financial success even when mvie reviewers wuld nt rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel cntent in his career? Yes and n. He was thrilled t be ding the cmedy that he always felt he shuld d, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense f curisity, wndering what new rle r challenge might be just arund the cmer. He never stpped wrking, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devtin t acting is wnderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little mre than plain ld hard wrk and determinatin. He shwed us that even a single desire, never given up n, can make fr a remarkable life.
1. Why did Nielsen want t be an actr?
A. He enjyed watching mvies.B. He was eager t earn mney.
C. He wanted t be like his uncle.D. He felt he was gd at acting.
2. What d we knw abut Nielsen in the secnd half f his career?
A. He directed sme high quality mvies.B. He avided taking n new challenges.
C. He fcused n playing dramatic rles.D. He became a successful cmedy actr.
3. What des Nielsen’s career stry tell us?
A. Art is lng, life is shrt.B. He wh laughs last laughs lngest.
C. It’s never t late t learn.D. Where there’s a will there’s a way.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Leslie Nielsen的演艺生涯。
【1题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一段“his uncle, wh was a well-knwn actr. The admiratin and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen t make a career in acting. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Nielsen的叔叔所赢得的钦佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项。
【2题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“That mvie led him int the secnd half f his career where his cmedic presence alne culd make a mvie a financial success even when mvie reviewers wuld nt rate it highly. (这部电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。
【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“He built a hugely successful career with little mre than plain ld hard wrk and determinatin. He shwed us that even a single desire, never given up n, can make fr a remarkable life. (他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D项。
【2021年高考浙江卷B篇】
We live in a twn with three beaches. There are tw parts less than 10 minutes’ walk frm hme where neighbrhd children gather t play. Hwever, what my children want t d after schl is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it fr hurs. They are nt alne. Tday's children spend an average f fur and a half hurs a day lking at screens, split between watching televisin and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number f peple and rganisatins have begun cming up with plans t cunter this trend. A cuple f years ag film-maker David Bnd realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached t screens t the pint where he was able t say “chclate” int his three-year-ld sn’s ear withut getting a respnse. He realised that smething needed t change, and, being a Lndn media type, appinted himself “marketing directr frm Nature”. He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marketed t yung peple. The result was Prject Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth f the Wrld Netwrk, a grup f rganisatins with the cmmn gal f getting children ut int nature.
“Just five mre minutes utdrs can make a difference,” David Bnd says. “There is a lt f really interesting evidence which seems t be suggesting that if children are inspired up t the age f seven, then being utdrs will be n habit fr life.” His wn children have gt int the habit f playing utside nw: “We just send them ut int the garden and tell them nt t cme back in fr a while.”
Summer is upn us. There is an amazing wrld ut there, and it needs ur children as much as they need it. Let us get them ut and let them play.
4. What is the prblem with the authr’s children?
A. They ften anny their neighburs.B. They are tired f ding their hmewrk.
C. They have n friends t play withD. They stay in frnt f screens fr t lng.
5. Hw did David Bnd advcate his idea?
A. By making a dcumentary film.B. By rganizing utdr activities.
C. By advertising in Lndn media.D. By creating a netwrk f friends.
6. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “charts” in paragraph 2?
A. recrdsB. predictsC. delaysD. cnfirms
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Let Children Have FunB. Yung Children Need Mre Free Time
C. Market Nature t ChildrenD. David Bnd: A Rle Mdel fr Children
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人David Bnd为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hwever, what my children want t d after schl is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it fr hurs. (然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时)”可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的时间太长了。故选D项。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marked t yung peple. (他记录了他的旅程，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，让年轻人看到)”可知，David Bnd通过拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A项。
【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“a film”可知，本句主语是一部电影，下文“the birth f the Wrld Netwrk (世界网络的诞生)”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词charts意为“记录、描绘”，与“recrds”意思一致。故选A项。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marketed t yung peple. The result was Prject Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth f the Wrld Netwrk, a grup f rganisatins with the cmmn gal f getting children ut int nature. (他把自己的旅行记录下来，开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是Prject Wild Thing，一部记录了Wrld Netwrk (世界网络)诞生的电影，Wrld Netwrk (世界网络)是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主要讲述了电影制作人David Bnd为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。由此可知，C项Market Nature t Children(把自然推销给年轻人)适合作本文标题。故选C项。
【2021年新高考 I 卷-B篇】
By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,” Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back.”
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
“My husband is the wrst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What shuld Tittertn be able t d t be a page turner?
A. Read music.B. Play the pian.
C. Sing sngs.D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
26. What des Tittertn need t practise?
A. Cunting the pages.B. Recgnizing the “ndding”.
C. Catching falling bjects.D. Perfrming in his wn style.
27. Why is Ms Rasppva’s husband “the wrse page turner”?
A He has very pr eyesight.B. He ignres the audience.
C. He has n interest in music.D. He frgets t d his jb.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Rbert Tittertn和他的工作情况。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，Tittertn因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Tittertn的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Tittertn需要和钢琴演奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Rasppva的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。
【2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）B篇】
When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay. She had requested the cmmunity t turn it int a museum upn her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drve ver t the museum. She asked, "D yu have the address? ""N, but I'll recgnize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "
"Oh, stp. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A grup f peple sitting in the hall stpped talking and stared at us.
"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We're fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves. What if they talked a lng time abut a painting yu weren't that interested in? Sally had gne upstairs. The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? I saw sme nice sculptures in ne rm. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where d yu think yu are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Srry, the McNay is n New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?” I asked, still cnfused. "Well, it's ur hme." My heart jlted(震颤). I raced t the staircase and called ut, "Sally! Cme dwn immediately! "
"There's sme really gd stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped dwn, lking cnfused. I pushed her tward the frnt dr, waving at the family, saying, "Srry, please frgive us, yu have a really nice place." Outside, when I tld Sally what happened, she cvered her muth, laughing. She culdn't believe hw lng they let us lk arund withut saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervus the whle time we were there. Van Ggh, Picass. This time, we stayed tgether, in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did yu ever enter a residence, lng ag, thinking it was the McNay Museum?"
"Yes. But hw d yu knw? We never tld anyne."
"That was my hme. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky befre. Yu thught it was a museum. My feelings abut my hme changed after that. I've always wanted t thank yu."
41. What d we knw abut Marian McNay?
A. She was a painter.
B. She was a cmmunity leader.
C. She was a museum directr.
D. She was a jurnalist.
42. Why did the authr refuse the help frm the man in the huse?
A. She disliked peple wh were nsy.
B. She felt nervus when talking t strangers.
C. She knew mre abut art than the man.
D. She mistk him fr a tur guide.
43. Hw did the authr feel abut being stared at by the peple in the hall?
A. Puzzled. B. Cncerned. C. Frightened. D. Delighted.
44. Why did the authr describe the real McNay museum in just a few wrds?
A. The real museum lacked enugh artwrk t interest her.
B. She was t upset t spend much time at the real museum.
C. The McNay was disappinting cmpared with the huse.
D. The event happening in the huse was mre significant.
45. What culd we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Peple shuld have gd taste t enjy life.
B. Peple shuld spend mre time with their family.
C. Peple tend t be blind t the beauty arund them.
D. Peple tend t educate teenagers at a museum.
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。
41. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay.可知，Marian McNay是一名水彩画家。故选A。
42. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We're fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。
43. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem?（大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，眼睛不停的好奇的看着我。他们有什么问题？）可以推断出，作者当时感到困惑不解。故选A。
44. 推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。
45. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围的美而不见。故选C。
【2018年浙江高考英语卷A篇】
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was brn, there were 66 nvels published in Britain. Peple had been writing nvels fr a century—mst experts date the first nvel t Rbinsn Cruse in 1719—
but nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs, ften with smething like “By a lady.”Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral, r just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the wrld murned him as its first prfessinal writer and publisher, famus and belved, wh had led an explsin in bth the publicatin f nvels and their readership and whse characters — frm Oliver Twist t Tiny Tim— were held up as mral tuchstnes. Tday Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Remving him frm the panthen（名人堂） f English literature wuld make abut as much sense as the Luvre selling ff the Mna Lisa.
Hw did Dickens get t the tp? Fr all the feelings readers attach t stries, literature is a numbers game, and the test f time is extremely difficult t pass. Sme 60,000 nvels were published during the Victrian age, frm 1837 t1901; tday a casual reader might be able t name a half-dzen f them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style f writing attracted audiences
frm all walks f life. It’s partly that his writings rde a wave f scial, plitical and scientific prgress. But it’s als that he rewrte the culture f literature and put himself at the center. N ne will ever knw what mix f talent, ambitin, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.
21. Which f the fllwing best describes British nvels in the 18th century?
A. They were difficult t understand.
B. They were ppular amng the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly wrthless.
D. They were written mstly by wmen.
22. Dickens is cmpared with the Mna Lisa in the text t stress________.
A. his reputatin in France
B. his interest in mdern art
C. his success in publicatin
D. his imprtance in literature
23. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T remember a great writer.
B. T intrduce an English nvel.
C. T encurage studies n culture.
D. T prmte values f the Victrian age.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A
【解析】本文写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs... Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral, r just plain bad.印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值可言。故选C。
22. 推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.和列举的Charles Dickens小说的影响可知，把他和Mna Lisa相比是为了说明Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要性和Mna Lisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。
23. 写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。
【2019年全国卷II-B篇】
“Yu can use me as a last resrt(选择), and if nbdy else vlunteers, then I will d it.” This was an actual reply frm a parent after I put ut a request fr vlunteers fr my kids’ lacrsse(长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there’s prbably sme demanding wrk schedule, r scial anxiety arund stepping up t help fr an unknwn sprt. She may just need a little persuading. S I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren’t even n … At this pint the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll d it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I knw there’s real pwer in sharing vlunteer respnsibilities amng many. The unwilling parent rganizes the meal schedule, sends ut emails, and cllects mney fr end-f-seasn gifts. Smewhere alng the way, the same parent ends up becming an invaluable member f the team. The cach is able t fcus n the kids while the ther parents are relieved t be ff the hk fr anther seasn. Handing ut sliced ranges t bldthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching yur wn kid scre a gal.
Still, mst f us vlunteers breathe a sigh f relief when the seasn cmes t a clse. That relief is cupled with a deep understanding f why the same peple keep cming back fr mre: Cnnecting t the cmmunity(社区) as yu freely give yur time, mney, skills, r services prvides a real jy. Vlunteering just feels s gd.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure vlunteering is mre f a selfish act than I’d freely like t admit. Hwever, if thers benefit in the prcess, and I get sme reward t, des it really matter where my mtivatin lies?
24. What can we infer abut the parent frm her reply in paragraph l？
A. She knws little abut the club.
B. She isn’t gd at sprts.
C. She just desn’t want t vlunteer.
D. She’s unable t meet her schedule.
25. What des the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Encurage teamwrk.
B. Appeal t feelings.
C. Prmte gd deeds.
D. Prvide advice.
26. What can we learn abut the parent frm paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrsse.
B. She is prud f her kids.
C. She’ll wrk fr anther seasn.
D. She becmes a gd helper.
27. Why des the authr like ding vlunteer wrk?
A. It gives her a sense f duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her t wrk hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，并且这位家长后来成为这个团队中有力的帮手，同时作者在参与志愿者活动过程中也获得了很多快乐。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的Yu can use me as a last resrt(选择), and if nbdy else vlunteers, then I will d it.可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选，也就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。故选C。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线前句she may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句话I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren’t even n ...可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及the same parent ends up becming an invaluable member f the team.可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四段最后两句Cnnecting t the cmmunity(社区) as yu freely give yur time, mney, skills, r services prvides a real jy. Vlunteering just feels s gd.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐，参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选B。
2020-2021学年度苏锡常镇四市高三二模
B
Ian McKenna was in third grade when he learned that many kids at his Austin schl weren't getting enugh t eat at hme. He wanted thelp, but lcal vlunteer rganizatins turned him away, saying he was t yung. S hedecided t find his wn slutin. Fr years, he had been gardening with his mther, and they ften distributed their extra vegetables t the neighbrs. “Why nt give the prduce t a sup kitchen? Then I thught, I'm gd at gardening," says McKenna, nw 16.“Why nt plant a garden at schl, s that kids in need culd take fd hme?"
McKenna persuaded his schl t set aside space fr a garden; then he asked the cmmunity fr dnatins f seeds and equipment. Other students dnated their time. Within mnths, McKenna s garden was prducing lettuces, tmates, cucumbers and squash fr students and their families Nw, seven years later, McKenna's Giving Garden prject has expanded t five area schls in additin t his wn backyard garden, and he has prvided rganic prduce, enugh fr 25,000 meals, t Austin families.
Fr mst f his gardening activities, McKenna wears the same T-shirt indifferent clrs, with his persnal mtt n it: BE A GOODHUMAN. T him, that means helping in any way yu can, n matter what yur age. “Even a smile might change smene's life," he says. “It lets them knw that they are imprtant. It can make their day."
When COVID-19 hit the U.S., McKenna redubled his effrts, cking up t100 meals t distribute t the hungry n the weekends. When scial distancing meant that vlunteers culdn't wrk n cmmunity garden plts, he started ffering nline classes and a gardening htline s families culd grw at hme. While gardening is his cre fcus, McKenna says he is always lking fr new ways t help the hungry.
24. What caused Ian's decisin t help the kids in his wn way?
A. Being rejected by vlunteer grups. B. Being gd at gardening.
C. A sup kitchen's supprt. D. His mther's suggestins.
25. What d we knw abut the Giving Garden prject?
A. It helps students nly. B. It was started with jint effrts.
C. It is funded by schls. D. It earns great prfits every year.
26. Which f the fllwing can best explain Ian’s persnal mtt?
A. Where there is a will, there is a way. B. A small gesture makes a difference.
C. One gd turn deserves anther. D. Lve can break all the barriers.
27. What is the best title f the passage?
A. Ian McKenna, Grwing a Fd Bank B. Ian Mckenna, an Experienced Gardener
C. Giving Garden Prject, an Impssible Missin D. Giving Garden Prject, a Universal Slutin
【答案】24-27 ABBA
【解析】
第24题 A 细节理解题。定位到文章第一段，Ian遭学校拒绝后，他决定去找到一个他自己的解决方法。故选A。
第25题 B 细节理解题。定位到文章第二段，A选项，第二段最后说Ian为Austin的家庭也提供支持，故排除；B选项，第二段开头，Ian说服了他的学校开辟一个空地并提议社区捐种子和设施，可见是起源于共同的努力，故选B；C选项，第二段开头可知，学校并没有为这个方案提供经济援助，故排除；D选项，第二段并没有交代这个方案每年盈利多少，故排除。
第26题 B 词意猜测题。定位到文章第三段，Ian认为用任何力所能及的方法去帮助别人就是做一个好人。后文还说，即便是一个很小的微笑也能改变某一个人的命运。故选B，不经意间的举动能带来很大影响。A，有志者事竟成；C，礼尚往来；D，爱可以打破所有障碍。
第27题 A 主旨大意题。文章讲述了Ian为了帮助那些在家里没办法吃饱肚子的学生们所成立的一项种植蔬菜水果以填饱挨饿家庭肚子的计划。文章的主人公为Ian McKenna以及他所倡导的种植食物项目,所以选A。
2021届徐州宿迁4月联考
B
Few parts have reached the same heights in televisin as James Gandlfini's Tny Spran The Sprans was appintment TV series,and 13 year after the series ended, The Many Saints f Newark,a prmising film, will be shwn t the audiences this fall,with Michael Gandlfini succeeding his father as a yung Tny.
"My dad didn't want me t see Tny Spran—the vilence,the angry, the mean.Of curse was n set and wuld visit him when he was fee, but I had never watched the shw..I never knew Tny Spran.I nly knew my dad."
Michael spent summers with his dad n the Jersey Shre."Because he was belved dwn there,I wuld get jbs I was unqualified fr at nly eight years ld, like wrking at a bdy shp." When Michael was 14,his father died f a heart attack while n vacatin in Rme.
A ftball injury sent Michael t try ut fr high schl plays."I'd gne t acting t get myself thrugh after my dad passed away. Hnestly, I didn't like it at first, but it brught smething ut."Tw managers tk a chance and sent him t his fist-ever acting. They called the next day:"Yu're the right ne!?"He played Jey Dwyer and calls it"an incredible time f filing and learning and getting my sea legs."
"It was really hard t watch my dad,"he says."I recrded fur hurs f his lng speeches with Melfi and walked arund New Yrk with them cnstantly, cnstantly, cnstantly playing in my eat"
Three mnths later, he gt the ffer.In Cherry, Michael plays the hmetwn friend f Hlland's bank rbber with PTSD（创伤后应激障碍）."Nt playing the Italian New Yrk kid， having them believe in me and allw me t play such a cmplicated, beautiful rle was such a gift."Lking back,he says,"My dad cnstantly tld me,if I'd ask a questin abut acting, ‘I'm nt yur acting cach.I'm yur dad,'which I really appreciate nw."
24. What d Michael's wrds underlined in Paragraph 2 indicate?
A. He wasn't expsed t negative scenes.
B. He didn't have the chance t visit James.
C. He wasn't willing t watch the shw n set.
D. He happened t have missed Tny Spran.
25. Which best explains why Michael gt the jb at eight?
A. Practice makes perfect.B. The early bird catches the wrm.
C. Lve me, lve my dg.D.Yu can't judge a bk by its cver.
26. What serves as a cntributing factr t Michael's success?
A. His initial dream.B. His gift and diligence.
C. His father's caching.D. Tw managers'pressure.
27.Which can best describe Michael Gandlfini?
A. Creative,tlerant and lnely.B.Lving, grateful and talented.
C.Belved, mdest and arbitrary.D.Simple, prud and miserable.
【答案】ACBB
【解析】阅读讲述了著名演员James Gandlfini的儿子Micheal Gandlfini和父亲的相处、年少经历，以及他对父亲演艺事业的继承。
第24题 A 由划线句前一句可知，James Gandlfini不愿让儿子看见自己扮演的Tny这个角色，感受到他身上的负面内容，所以Micheal Gandlfin从未看过这部电视剧，不了解Tny这个角色，也未接触过其中的负面场景。
第25题 C 这四句熟语的意思分别是：熟能生巧；早起的鸟有虫吃；爱屋及乌；不能以貌取人。由第三段可以看出，Micheal8岁可以得到工作，是因为他的父亲在Jersey Shre很受欢迎，人们对Micheal是爱屋及乌。
第26题 B 由倒数第3段可以看出，Micheal第一次尝试表演就得到了认可，所以他在这方面是有天赋的。由倒数第二段可以看出，Micheal试图达到自己父亲的高度，不断努力、不断琢磨。
第27题 B 该题可以使用排除法。A项中的tlerant、lnely并未提及，C项中mdest and arbitrary并未提及，D项中prud and miserable并未提及。文章最后一段中，Micheal很爱自己的父亲、感恩父亲对他的教育，倒数第二段中他为了演艺事业付出了很大努力。
【江苏省苏州市2020-2021学年高三学业质量阳光指标调研】
I'd dne it befre, and s I had n reasn t believe that this time wuld be any different. I was sure that when I returned hme frm my missin trip, as always, I'd bring back nthing mre than sme mud n my bts, a hle r tw in my jeans and, f curse, a lt f great memries.
The summer befre my high schl graduatin, I went t West Virginia with thers as vlunteers t repair the hmes f thse in need. Arriving at ur destinatin, my grup was assigned the task f rebuilding sectins f a hme that had been damaged by fire. N sner had we parked n the hme's dirt driveway than we saw an excited little girl, n mre than six years ld, standing in the drway f the family's temprary hme. Sheless and wearing dirty clthes and the biggest smile I'd ever seen, she yelled, "Ma, Ma, they really came! " I didn't knw it then, but her name was Dakta, and fur mre days wuld pass befre she’d say anther wrd near me.
Behind Dakta was a wman in a wheelchair—her grandmther, we'd sn learn. I als discvered that my jb that week wuld be t help change a fire—damaged dining rm int a bedrm fr this little girl. Grabbing ur tls, we went t wrk. Over the fllwing days, I nticed Dakta peeking at us every nw and then as we wrked. A few times. I tried talking with her, but she remained shy and distant, always flying arund us like a tiny butterfly but keeping t herself.
By ur fifth and final day, hwever, this was abut t change.
Befre I went t wrk n her hme n that last mrning, I spke fr a mment r tw with the grandmther. I was especially pleased when she tld me hw much Dakta lved her new rm s much, in fact, that she'd begged t sleep in it the previus night, even thugh it wasn't quite ready. As we talked, I nticed smething I hadn’t seen befre—Dakta was hiding behind her grandmther. Cautiusly, she stepped int view, and I culd see that just like her clthes, her face was still dirty. But n amunt f sil culd hide thse bright blue eyes and big smile. She was simply adrable. I wanted s much t hug her, but respecting her shyness, I kept my distance.
Slwly, she began walking tward me. It wasn't until she was just inches away that I nticed the flded piece f paper in her tiny hand. Silently, she reached up and handed it t me. Once unflded, I lked at the drawing she'd made with her brken crayns n the back f an ld clring bk cver. It was f tw girls—ne much taller than the ther—and they were hlding hands. She tld me it was suppsed t be me and her and n the bttm f the paper were three little wrds that instantly brke my heart. Nw almst in tears, I culdn't cntrl myself anymre—I bent dwn and hugged her. She hugged me, t. And fr the lngest time, neither ne f us culd let g.
By early afternn, we finished Dakta's bedrm, and s I gladly used the rare free time t get t knw my newest friend. Sitting under a tree away frm the thers, we shared a few apples while she tld me abut her life. As I listened t her stries abut the struggles she and her family went thrugh daily, I began t realize hw bring varius aspects f my wn life were.
I left fr hme early the next mrning. I was returning with muddy bts and hles in my jeans. But because f Dakta, I brught back smething else, t—a greater appreciatin fr all f the blessing f my life. I’ll never frget that bareft little butterfly with the big smile and dirty face. I pray that she’ll never frget me either.
28．Frm the appearance descriptin f the little girl, we knw _______.
A．she frmed a bad living habit
B．she hped fr a better educatin
C．she was an inncent and lvely child
D．she was strng and calm in the inner wrld
29．What were prbably written n the bttm f the paper?
A．Enjy yur help.
B．Please dn’t leave.
C．Help me, please.
D．Hug me clse.
30．Hw did the authr feel after unflding the piece f paper?
A．She wrried abut the little girl’s future.
B．She decided t keep helping the little girl.
C．She felt a greater affectin fr the little girl.
D．She gt surprised at the little girl’s wrthless gift.
31．What des the passage mainly tell us?
A．One must learn t share life experiences.
B．One ften wants t lead a meaningful life.
C．One ccasinally benefits frm the pverty.
D．One shuld be mre grateful fr the gift f life.
【答案】28．C29．B30．C31．D
【解析】本文是记叙文。作者像往常一样去西弗吉尼亚州做志愿者，遇到了一个害羞的小姑娘，最终小姑娘给了作者一封让她感动的信，这让作者意识到，一个人应该更感激生活的馈赠。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ Sheless and wearing dirty clthes and the biggest smile I'd ever seen, she yelled, "Ma, Ma, they really came! " ”（她没穿鞋，穿着脏衣服，脸上挂着我见过的最灿烂的笑容，大声喊道：“妈妈，妈妈，他们真的来了!”）及文章第五段“But n amunt f sil culd hide thse bright blue eyes and big smile. She was simply adrable.”（但再多的泥土也掩盖不了她那双明亮的蓝眼睛和灿烂的笑容。她简直可爱极了。）可知，这个小女孩是天真可爱的。故选C项。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者是一个志愿者。再根据文章第六段“She tld me it was suppsed t be me and her and n the bttm f the paper were three little wrds that instantly brke my heart. Nw almst in tears, I culdn't cntrl myself anymre—I bent dwn and hugged her. She hugged me, t. And fr the lngest time, neither ne f us culd let g. ”（她告诉我应该是我和她，在纸的底部有三个小字，让我的心立刻碎了。我再也无法控制自己，几乎要哭了——我弯下腰去拥抱她。她也拥抱了我。很长一段时间，我们都不愿意放手。）由此判断出，小女孩写在底部的字应该是让作者不要离开。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据第六段“n the bttm f the paper were three little wrds that instantly brke my heart. Nw almst in tears, I culdn't cntrl myself anymre—I bent dwn and hugged her. ”（在这张纸的底部有三个小字，立刻使我的心都碎了。我再也无法控制自己，几乎要哭了——我弯下腰去拥抱她。）可推断出作者对于小女孩的感情更深了一步。故选C项。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But because f Dakta, I brught back smething else, t—a greater appreciatin fr all f the blessing f my life.”（但因为Dakta，我也带回了别的东西——更加感激我生活中所有的恩惠。）由此判断出，作者借故事告诉我们，一个人应该更感激生活的馈赠。故选D项。