浙江省 2022届高考英语总复习专题冲刺 提高训练（二）

2022浙江高考英语总复习专题冲刺之—七选五提高训练（二）

A

 In gardens across Britain the grass has stopped growing. 1． In fact, they are greener and tidier than before. That is because the lawns are actually artificial made from plastic.

2． Country estates（地产）have long competed to have the most perfectly cut grassland. “What you’re saying in big loud capital letters, is ‘I’m so wealthy’,” says Fiona Davison of the Royal horticultural Society（RHS）, a society for eco-gardeners. With the coming of the grass-cutting machines, in 1830, the middle classes joined the fun.

But now Britons have fallen in love with artificial grass. Evergreens UK, which sells the stuff, says it has seen a 120% rise in sales since 2015. Grass Direct reports they are up by 50% this year. 3． These match different regions: Scottish turf（草皮）is darker than Cornish turf.

Artificial grass is popular with families who have children or dogs and don’t want mud pulled behind through their houses. It has an attractive factor, too. Andy Driver of Evergreens UK says people now see gardens as “outside rooms,”-pairing carpets of artificial grass with comfortable seating.

Not everyone is a fan. 4． A study finds earthworms（蚯蚓）gain 14% less body weight when operating under artificial grass. That might not be a problem for its fans, as worm holes are a regular headache, but it upsets green types. Extinction Rebellion dug up artificial grass outside a church in Harrogate in protest.

Three protestors have tried to stop artificial grass spreading. 5． The RHS is concerned about artificial grass, but prefers persuasion to law-making.

A．Britons are fascinated by lawns.

B．They are not lacking water or drought-stricken.

C．These eco-gardeners are more likely to be environmentalists.

D．Betap, a Dutch firm, has recently launched its first British designs.

E.Artificial grasses contain microplastics that ruin soil and risk flooding.

F.Wildlife-loving gardeners are growing, many preferring to catch the insects.

G.The government says restricting what people do in their backyards is wrong.

B

Exercise for a Better Brain

Most of the time, your brain is the boss of your muscle—directing how you hit a ball, play the piano, or open a cereal box.6．When you're active, they send chemical signals telling your brain, "Hey, it's time to grow!" Recent research suggests physical activity is good for your brain and encourages the birth and growth of new brain cells.

In a study, people who ran for 45 minutes three days a week boosted their levels of a brain-derived neurotrophic（神经营养的）factor, a chemical that acts like fertilizer for new brain cells.7．

Studies suggest that in younger adults, exercise can add to the overall number of cell in the hippocampus（海马体）.8．It's a good deal because these new brain cells are very active and get involved in more memory circuits than older cells do. At any age, you might notice that you have an easier time remembering things after you start a new exercise.

9．If you're inactive, walking around the block may be the only way to encourage neuroplasticity. People who don't like to move but tried to walk daily by 7500 steps or more had bigger brains than those who didn't exercise—the same to 1.4 to 2.2 fewer years of brain aging. So it is advisable for people at any age to get involved in light activity, such as doing housework, shopping, gardening, or walking the dog.10．

A．Again, a little goes a long way.

B．Tips have been offered as to how to properly exercise.

C．After four months of workouts, their scores improves on a memory test.

D．Besides this, studies have also suggested that dying cells can be cleared with regular exercise.

E.But when it comes to growing new brain cells, more and more researches show that when you exercise, your muscles take charge.

F.Exercise also helps keep brain cells alive longer and replaces old cells with new ones.

G.The more light activity study participants logged, the greater the overall size of their brains.

C

  When you go to work, you spend a long time sitting at your desk. Sitting for long periods has negative effects on your health, concentration, and productivity. We spend most of our day sitting, whether at work, during a commute or at home. Some people say that sitting is the new smoking as it is bad for one's health in several ways. 11． You can achieve your health dream easily with a standing desk. Here are some reasons why a standing desk is a good choice and worth the investment.

12．

While doing physical activities or exercises is beneficial for health. they don’t make up for prolonged sitting times. It is essential to stay active, even during work, as one hour of intense training isn’t enough to make up for a whole day of sitting. According to studies, the risk of heart diseases increases by up to 117% when you spend prolonged sitting time. In the worst case, you may have a heart attack or stroke if you spend your whole day sitting for a long time. 13． As you keep your body active and enhance blood circulation when you stand.

Standing helps in weight loss

If you have noticed that you have gained weight recently, sitting is one reason for weight gain, Typically, regular exercise is the best way to lose weight and stay fit, but standing also helps, even if a little bit. When you stand for the same time as you sit, you burn an additional 170 calories, 14．

Standing boosts mood and energy levels

If you have been sitting for hours, you will feel lazy and unmotivated. When you do physical activities, you feel you can do this all day, and your mood will be better. 15． If you want a better mood and the motivation to do your tasks relentlessly, spend your time standing to enjoy these benefits without making much effort.

A．Standing while working proves helpful.

B．Sitting too long is a main reason for this disease.

C．Standing gives you the energy you need to work.

D．Standing desks become popular nowadays in offices.

E.Standing while working will reduce the risk of heart disease.

F.If you keep standing every day, you will burn around 100 calories per week.

G.However, you don’t have to do special physical training to keep your body healthy and in shape.

D

There are times when attending class and studying your textbook just aren’t enough to help you to understand the class material. 16． When you study with a tutor, you are able to get one-on-one attention and interaction where you can ask any questions you may have and focus on parts of the material that you really struggle with. 17． If you follow them, you’ll surely understand the material better and pass your class.

The most important thing when you study with a tutor is to attend class. This is where most of your learning should come from, not your tutor. Keep in mind that your tutor is there to help you with the specific problems you are struggling with and not to teach you all of the material from the class. When you attend class, make sure that you pay attention and take thorough notes to bring back to your tutor. 18．

Before each tutoring session, make a list of questions that you had come up during class and still do not have the answers to. This will not only help your tutor with the direction in which to take their lesson, but it will keep you both from wasting time on material that you do already understand. 19． Too many times students will go to their tutor and forget what they had questions about.

When you study with a tutor, it’s important that you participate in the session. Don’t just let your tutor talk to you and lecture you. 20． Instead, ask questions if you do not understand something or need your tutor to expand a little more. If you need something explained in a different way, speak up. Have a discussion with your tutor about the material. Sometimes just talking it out in different ways can make something click where it suddenly all makes sense.

A．This is when you should consider hiring a tutor.

B．Here is where you can identify what you are struggling with.

C．Your tutor should make sure you are absorbing the material.

D．To get the most out of studying with a tutor, here are some tips.

E.That’s exactly what your professor in school is doing and it isn’t helping.

F.Making a list also helps you to remember what you are struggling with.

G.Ask your tutor questions that you may have been too nervous to ask in class.

E

 Lack of sleep can be compensated for by exercise

Staying active and fit could help to ward off some of the negative health impacts that would normally result from low-quality sleep, according to a large study of 380,055 middle-aged people involved in the UK Biobank research project.While the health benefits of exercise and sleep are nothing new, 21．.It could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.

"We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke (中风), and cancer," says epidemiologist Bo-Huei Huang, from the University of Sydney in Australia. 22．.

Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity (high, medium or low) and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how late they stayed up, insomnia (失眠), snoring and daytime sleepiness.Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise. 23．.

24．, for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. 25．.

A．The findings suggest a likely synergistic (相互的) effect, an interplay, between the two behaviors

B．That risk went down for people with poor quality sleep but who did meet the exercise guidelines

C．Exercise can make up for the lack of sleep quality

D．It's the relationship between them that is interesting in this particular study

E.However, that risk just about disappeared for those who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity

F.This also means that high quality sleep can slow a person's risk of illness

G.In the case of all forms of cancer

F

  For decades, doctors have warned patients that too much salt can be bad for the heart. Heart attack has long been considered a grown-up problem. 26． Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health problems later.

Salt is made up of two elements: sodium and chlorine 伟内禾口氯）.Dietary guidelines recommend that adults and kids aged 9-13 shouldn't consume more than about a teaspoon of sodium daily. 27． This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood. To pump the extra blood, the heart has to work harder. This causes a rise in blood pressure 一- a measurement of how stressed the heart is. High blood pressure often leads to heart disease.

A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a grown-up with high blood pressure.

28． British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. Drinking fewer fizzy （碳酸）drinks makes kids less likely to gain weight, become obese and develop high blood pressure.

29． A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones （肾结石）.This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.

Cutting down on salt can be hard, but you can retrain yourself to prefer less salty food. The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually. 30． Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments （调味品）.You might also want to start reading nutrition labels. You may be surprised to learn that there are 1,150 mg of sodium in a double cheeseburger, and over 2,000 mg in many frozen meals.

A．Salt isn't the only cause of diseases.

B．The average American eats twice this amount.

C．Salt can affect more than just your heart and weight.

D．Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity.

E.But new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children.

F.Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do.

G.Cutting down on salt now can lower a person's risk of heart disease.

参考答案

1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．G

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了人工草坪在英国的流行以及不同人群对人工草坪的态度。

1．

根据前句“In gardens across Britain the grass has stopped growing.(在英国的花园中，草已经停止生长。)”和后句“In fact, they are greener and tidier than before. (事实上，它们比以前更绿色，更整洁。)”可知，此句说明草停止生长原因并非因为缺水或遭受旱灾，从而引出本文的话题。B选项“They are not lacking water or drought-stricken.（它们没有缺水或遭受旱灾。）”符合题意，故选B。

2．

此空位于段首，对于整段起概括的作用。从下文“Country estates（地产）have long competed to have the most perfectly cut grassland.（长期以来，乡村庄园一直在竞相拥有修剪得最完美的草地。）”可以看到Britons着迷于草坪。A选项“Britons are fascinated by lawns.（英国人对草坪很着迷）”符合题意，故选A。

3．

此空前“Evergreens UK, which sells the stuff, says it has seen a 120% rise in sales since 2015. Grass Direct reports they are up by 50% this year.  （销售该产品的Evergreens UK表示，自2015年以来，该公司的销售额增长了120%。Grass Direct报告称，今年它们的价格上涨了50%。）”有两家草坪公司蒸蒸日上的业绩，后文“These match different regions: Scottish turf（草皮）is darker than Cornish turf.（这些草皮适合不同的地区:苏格兰草皮比康沃尔草皮颜色深。）”说这些与不同的地区匹配，所以可以推断出荷兰推出不同的设计来满足市场需求，与整段讲述同一话题。D选项“Betap, a Dutch firm, has recently launched its first British designs.（Betap，一家荷兰公司，最近推出了它的第一个英国设计。）”符合题意，故选D。

4．

根据后文“A study finds earthworms gain 14% less body weight when operating under artificial grass. That might not be a problem for its fans, as worm holes are a regular headache, but it upsets green types.（一项研究发现蚯蚓在人工草下活动时体重增加了14%。这对它的粉丝来说可能不是问题，因为虫洞是常见的头痛问题，但它却让绿色的人感到不安。）”讲述人工草坪对蚯蚓的影响以及有些人对人工草坪的抗议，E题前句“Not everyone is a fan”，E选项讲的是人工草坪的危害，属于同一话题，是个完美的匹配项。E选项“Artificial grasses contain microplastics that ruin soil and risk flooding.（人造草含有微塑料，会破坏土壤并有洪水的风险。）”符合题意，故选E。

5．

根据前文“Three protestors have tried to stop artificial grass spreading.（三名抗议者试图阻止人造草的蔓延。）”以及后文“The RHS is concerned about artificial grass, but prefers persuasion to law-making.（英国皇家园艺学会对人造草很关心，但比起立法，它更喜欢说服。）”可知，整段讲述不同对象对人工草坪的不同态度。前有反对者，后有关注者希望制定法律，G选项“The government says restricting what people do in their backyards is wrong.（政府说限制人们在他们的后院做什么是错误的。）”说明政府的态度，符合题意。故选G。

6．E 7．C 8．F 9．A 10．G

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了锻炼对大脑的益处。

6．

根据下文“When you're active, they send chemical signals telling your brain, "Hey, it's time to grow!"”（当你活跃时，肌肉会发送化学信号告诉你的大脑，“嘿，是时候生长了!）选项承接下文，都在说明肌肉所起的作用。they指代前文的muscles they send chemical signals telling your brain呼应your muscles take charge。故E选项“但是，当谈到培养新的脑细胞时，越来越多的研究表明，当你运动时，你的肌肉在起作用。”切题。故选E项。

7．

根据上文“In a study, people who ran for 45 minutes three days a week boosted their levels of a brain-derived neurotrophic（神经营养的）factor, a chemical that acts like fertilizer for new brain cells.”（在一项研究中，每周跑三天、每次45分钟的人提高了他们脑源性神经营养因子的水平，这是一种化学物质，对新生脑细胞起着肥料的作用）选项承接上文，说明经过更长时间的锻炼，会取得的效果。C选项“在四个月的锻炼之后，他们在记忆测试中的分数有所提高。”故选C项。

8．

根据上文“Studies suggest that in younger adults, exercise can add to the overall number of cell in the hippocampus（海马体）”（研究表明，在年轻人中，锻炼可以增加海马体中细胞的总数）根据下文“It's a good deal because these new brain cells are very active and get involved in more memory circuits than older cells do.”（这是一件好事，因为这些新的脑细胞非常活跃，比老的细胞参与更多的记忆回路）可知，选项承上启下，说明锻炼的作用。old cells with new ones呼应new brain cells are very active and get involved in more memory circuits than older cells do.故F选项“锻炼还有助于延长脑细胞的寿命，并用新细胞替换旧细胞”切题。故选F项。

9．

根据下文“So it is advisable for people at any age to get involved in light activity, such as doing housework, shopping, gardening, or walking the dog.”（因此，建议任何年龄段的人都参加一些轻松的活动，如做家务、购物、园艺或遛狗）由此可知，选项在告诉人们要运动，一点点也好。故A选项“再说一遍，一点点运动就够了”切题。故选A项。

10．

根据上文“So it is advisable for people at any age to get involved in light activity, such as doing housework, shopping, gardening, or walking the dog.”（因此，建议任何年龄段的人都参加一些轻松的活动，如做家务、购物、园艺或遛狗）选项承接上文，说明这些活动对大脑的影响。doing housework, shopping, gardening, or walking the dog呼应light activity。G选项“研究参与者记录的轻度活动越多，他们大脑的整体尺寸就越大”切题。故选G项。

11．G 12．E 13．A 14．F 15．C

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了站立式办公桌对于健康有益。

11．

上文“Some people say that sitting is the new smoking as it is bad for one's health in several ways. (有人说久坐就像吸烟一样，因为它在很多方面都对健康有害)”指出久坐对人体健康有害，设空处承上启下，下文“You can achieve your health dream easily with a standing desk. (有了站立式办公桌，你可以轻松实现健康梦想)”说明，站立式办公桌可以帮助人们更加健康的生活。G项“然而，你不必做特殊的体育锻炼来保持你的身体健康。”符合文意，引出下文通过站立式办公桌保持身体健康的方式。故选G项。

12．

通过下文“According to studies, the risk of heart diseases increases by up to 117% when you spend prolonged sitting time. (研究表明，久坐的人患心脏病的风险会增加117%)”以及“As you keep your body active and enhance blood circulation when you stand. (当你站着的时候，你可以保持身体活跃，促进血液循环)”通过数据指出久坐的人患心脏病的风险会增加,站着则可以保持身体活跃，促进血液循环。设空处为本段小标题，总结本段主旨，E项“工作时站着会降低患心脏病的风险。”符合段意，引出下文。故选E项。

13．

上文“In the worst case, you may have a heart attack or stroke if you spend your whole day sitting for a long time. (最坏的情况是，如果你一整天都坐着，你可能会心脏病发作或中风)”指出了久坐的危害，设空处承上启下，下文“As you keep your body active and enhance blood circulation when you stand. (当你站着的时候，你可以保持身体活跃，促进血液循环)”说明站立对身体有益。A项“工作时站立证明是有帮助的。”符合文意，引出下文站立对身体的益处。故选A项。

14．

上文“When you stand for the same time as you sit, you burn an additional 170 calories (如果你站着的时间和坐着的时间一样，你会多消耗170卡路里)”指出在相同的时间下，站立比坐着消耗的卡路里更多。F项“如果你坚持每天站着，你每周会燃烧大约100卡路里。”承接上文，符合文意，且F项中的“calories”与上文一致。故选F项。

15．

下文“If you want a better mood and the motivation to do your tasks relentlessly, spend your time standing to enjoy these benefits without making much effort. (你想要一个更好的心情和动力去坚持不懈地完成你的任务，花时间站着享受这些好处，而不需要付出太多努力)”指出站立会给人带来好处。C项“站立能给你工作所需的能量。”符合文意，引出下文站立所带来的好处。故选C项。

16．A 17．D 18．B 19．F 20．E

【分析】

本文是说明文。有时候，上课和学习课本并不足以帮助你理解课堂内容。这时你就应该考虑请辅导老师了。文章主要介绍了请辅导老师的三条建议。

16．

由上文“There are times when attending class and studying your textbook just aren’t enough to help you to understand the class material”（有时，上课和学习课本时不能让自己很好的理解课堂中的材料时）这个时候你该考虑请个辅导老师了，正好呼应下文中“When you study with a tutor, you are able to get one-on-one attention and interaction”（当你跟辅导老师学习时可以进行一对一互动）A符合语境，故选择A项。

17．

根据上文“There are times when attending class and studying your textbook just aren’t enough to help you to understand the class material. This is when you should consider hiring a tutor.(有时候，上课和学习课本并不足以帮助你理解课堂内容。这时你就应该考虑请辅导老师了)”以及后文“If you follow them, you’ll surely understand the material better and pass your class.(如果你照着做，你肯定会更好地理解材料，并通过考试)”可知，上文提到了要请辅导老师，后文则提到了要照着做，结合后文给出了请辅导老师的三条建议，可推知本句是在说明为了充分利用与辅导老师学习的机会，有一些小建议。后文them指代D选项中some tips。故D选项“为了充分利用与辅导老师学习的机会，这里有一些小建议”符合语境，故选D。

18．

根据上文“The most important thing when you study with a tutor is to attend class. This is where the bulk of your learning should come from, not your tutor. Keep in mind that your tutor is there to help you with the specific problems you are struggling with and not to teach you all of the material from the class. When you attend class, make sure that you pay attention and take complete notes to bring back to your tutor.(跟辅导老师学习最重要的是上课。这才是你大部分学习的来源，而不是你完全依靠的辅导老师。请记住，你的辅导老师是在帮助你解决你正在努力解决的具体问题，而不是教你课堂上的所有材料。当你上课的时候，一定要注意听讲，并记好完整的笔记)”可知，去上辅导课的前提是上好学校的课，而辅导老师只是帮助解决你不理解的地方。且上文提到了“辅导老师是在帮助你解决你正在努力解决的具体问题”，即和辅导老师上课可以帮你了解你学习有困难的地方在哪里，上文中you are struggling with与C选项中you are struggling with相对应，上文的your tutor对应选项中的here。故C选项“在这里你可以知道你学习有困难的地方在哪里”符合语境，故选B。

19．

“Before each tutoring session, make a list of questions that you had come up during class and still do not have the answers to. This will not only help your tutor with the direction in which to take their lesson, but it will keep you both from wasting time on material that you do already understand.(在每次辅导课程之前，列出你在课堂上遇到但仍然没有答案的问题。这不仅会帮助你的辅导老师确定他们上课的方向，也会避免你们在已经理解的材料上浪费时间)”以及后文“Too many times students will go to their tutor and can’t remember what they had questions about.(很多时候，学生会去找他们的辅导老师，但不记得他们有什么问题)”可知，本段主要是关于列问题清单的建议，且后文提到了学生找辅导老师却不记得有什么问题，故本句应当是在说明列清单可以让你记住你有困难的地方。A选项中Making a list与上文make a list of相对应。故A选项“列一个清单也可以帮助你记住你学习有困难的地方”符合语境，故选F。

20．

由上文“. When you study with a tutor, it’s important that you participate in the session.  Don’t just let your tutor talk to you and lecture you.”（当你和你家庭教师学习时，最重要的是你要参与到任务中，不要只是让你的家庭教师给你讲）可知，选项E中的代词that和it指代的就是上文中说的只让老师讲而自己不参加，这是学校老师的教学模式，没有用处，故选择E项。

21．D 22．A 23．B24．G25．E

【分析】

本文是说明文。文章介绍了运动可弥补不良睡眠对身体的伤害。

21．

上文“Staying active and fit could help to ward off some of the negative health impacts that would normally result from low-quality sleep, according to a large study of 380,055 middle-aged people involved in the UK Biobank research project.(根据英国生物库研究项目的一项涵盖了380055名中年人的大型研究，保持活力和健康有助于抵御通常由低质量睡眠导致的负面影响)”说明足够的运动可以弥补不良睡眠带来的一些不健康的影响。D项中的“this            particular study”与“a large study”相符，因此推断D项“在这项特别的研究中运动和健康之间的关系是有趣的”符合语境，说明虽然运动和睡眠对健康有益的观点并不新鲜，但是这项研究中，运动和健康之间的关系是有趣的，引出下文“It could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.(它甚至为医生提供了治疗患者睡眠问题的另一种方式)”。故选D项。

22．

上文“We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke (中风), and cancer(我们发现那些睡眠质量最差、运动最少的人死于心脏病、中风和癌症的风险最大)”说明运动最少，睡眠最差的人得病和死亡的风险最大，可推断这两种行为之间可能存在相互作用。因此推断A项“研究结果表明，这两种行为之间可能存在协同效应，即相互作用”符合语境，“this two behaviors”指代上文提到的“sleep”和“exercise”。故选A项。

23．

上文“Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise.(在研究期间，死于癌症或心脏病的风险最高的人是睡眠质量最差、不符合世界卫生组织建议的锻炼指南的人)”说明睡眠质量差，运动量不达标的人死亡风险高，B项中的“poor quality sleep”与“the worst quality sleep”呼应，“the exercise guidelines”与“guidelines for exercise”对应。因此推断B项“睡眠质量差但运动量达标的人死于癌症或心脏病的风险较低”符合语境。故选B项。

24．

下文 “for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active.(例如，那些睡眠质量最差、运动量最低的人死于癌症的风险比那些睡眠质量好并坚持运动的人要高出45%)”举例说明了死于癌症的风险，G项中的“cancer”与之相符，以癌症为例说明运动最少，睡眠质量最差的人死于癌症的风险高，故选G项。

25．

上文“for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active.(例如，那些睡眠质量最差、运动量最低的人死于癌症的风险比那些睡眠质量好并坚持运动的人要高出45%)”对比了死于癌症的比率，E项中的“those who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity”与“those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale”形成对比，说明然而，那些睡眠质量不佳但却保持高水平运动量的人这种风险几乎没有因为睡眠差而增加。上下文是转折关系。故选E项。

26．E 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．F

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，盐开始影响儿童。文章介绍了过度的盐摄入量会给儿童健康带来的不良影响，并提出如何减少盐摄入量的建议。

26．

前文“Heart attack has long been considered a grown-up problem.”(心脏病一直被认为是一个成年人的问题。)和选项E中的“salt is starting to affect children”(盐开始影响到儿童)构成转折关系，对应选项E中的转折词but，根据后文“Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health problems later.”(当你小的时候，吃太多咸的食物会导致以后的健康问题。)可知，此处是指小时候吃太多盐会有不好的影响，所以选项E“但新的研究表明，盐开始影响儿童。”切合文意。故选E。

27．

根据前文“Dietary guidelines recommend that adults and kids aged 9-13 shouldn't consume more than about a teaspoon of sodium daily.”(膳食指南建议，成年人和9-13岁的孩子每天摄入的钠不应该超过一茶匙。)可知，选项B中的this amount是指一茶匙，根据后文“This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood.”(这让医生们很担心，因为过量的钠会导致身体产生更多的血液。)可知，人们普遍的钠摄入量都超过了每天一茶匙，所以选项B“美国人的平均摄入量是这个的两倍。”切合文意。故选B。

28．

根据后文“British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. Drinking fewer fizzy(碳酸) drinks makes kids less likely to gain weight, become obese and develop high blood pressure.”(英国研究人员最近发现，少吃盐的孩子也少喝含糖软饮料。少喝碳酸饮料会降低孩子体重、肥胖和高血压的可能性。)可知，此处是讲减少盐摄入量有助于阻止肥胖问题，所以选项D“减少盐摄入量也可能有助于阻止儿童肥胖。”切合文意。故选D。

29．

根据后文“A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones”(最近的一项研究发现，美国越来越多的孩子患有肾结石)可知，此处是讲除了前文中提到的肥胖和心脏问题之外，还会有其它的问题。所以选项C“盐影响的不仅仅是你的心脏和体重。”切合文意。故选C。

30．

根据前文“The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually.”(减少钠摄入量的最好方法是逐步改变。)和后文“Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions.”(换吃新鲜食品，而不是罐装和瓶装食品。)可知，此处是讲如何逐步减少钠摄入量。所以选项F“开始时，在你的晚餐中加入平常一半的盐。”切合文意。故选F。