2022届吉林省吉林市高三下学期第三次调研考试英语试题（含听力）

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2022届吉林省吉林市高三下学期第三次调研考试英语试题（含听力）
第I卷（选择题）
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一、短对话
1．Where does the woman want to go?
A．A bank. B．A mall. C．A street.
2．How much does the man have to pay for the pair of watches?
A．$ 144. B．$ 162. C．$ 180.
3．Why did the girl run into the man?
A．She was much too clumsy.
B．She was focusing on her phone.
C．She was walking too fast.
4．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Design of the brochure. B．Hunting in Alaska. C．Plans for vacation.
5．What are the speakers going to do today?
A．Just stay at home. B．Go to a book fair. C．Enjoy a concert show.
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二、长对话
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Why did Miranda move here?
A．Her relatives live here.
B．Her dad is working here.
C．Her family like Shanghai.
7．What do we know about Miranda?
A．She has never been to China before.
B．She has got used to her new life.
C．She is studying in a boarding school.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．How will the man leave for London?
A．By train. B．By bus. C．By plane.
9．What will the man do on Thursday?
A．Meet Ms. Wang. B．Attend a conference. C．Start a new project.
10．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Teacher and student. B．Host and guest. C．Boss and secretary.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What is the radio program for?
A．Broadcasting latest news.
B．Discussing writing skills.
C．Introducing college courses.
12．How can you support what you’ve stated in your article?
A．By introducing main ideas.
B．By drawing a conclusion.
C．By giving details and facts.
13．What makes an excellent article according to Professor Sheffield?
A．A personal voice. B．More vivid language. C．A formal style.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．How many years has the man been smoking?
A．18. B．13. C．30.
15．What’s the man probably?
A．An engineer. B．A teacher. C．A writer.
16．What do we know about the man?
A．He isn’t a heavy smoker actually.
B．He hasn’t quit smoking successfully.
C．He doesn’t know the harm of smoking.
17．How did the woman help her husband quit smoking?
A．Applying what she read in an article.
B．Controlling his life for many years.
C．Offering him some specific medicine.
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三、完形填空
Some of you who are reading this may think my situation isn’t as bad as it sounds. If that is your conclusion, let me___18___ you otherwise.
Today, before I left home to accomplish something in town, I ___19___ something that had been on my bucket list like forever. I learned to split!___20___, I did not learn in the way that most do. As I came out of the bathroom, I heard my phone ringing. I ___21___ towards my room. Suddenly, a little bit of water on the floor made me ___22___: the leg before gave out on me and soon the leg behind gave in to the pressure. There you have it; the perfect way to split!
Then, I went to a restaurant feeling like a woman in her 80’s and I was definitely___23___ like one: I got a seat ___24___ to me by a young man at my age as well as many ___25___ stares and smiles from others; one kind gentleman asked if I was suffering pain in my ___26___ and if I needed help to move around. Certainly, I respectfully ___27___.
Anyhow, my expertise in the field could easily make me the president of ___28___. I have gone so far to embarrass myself. It won’t ___29___ to tell you another story.
Yesterday, my parents had some guests over for a family gathering. Everything went ___30___ until mom gave dad the eye meaning ‘You tell some stories now’. Much to my despair, but the ___31___ of his listeners, he told a story about my childhood!
In a hurry to get away from all the laughing, I ___32___ myself and headed for the kitchen. Instantly, I gave the audience a live example of my many ___33___. Not realizing an object on the floor, I fell head first. All the chat stopped and I quickly ___34___ to my feet. As I rushed upstairs towards my room, a guest stopped me and told me to __35__ my dress down! Now I finally knew why I felt ___36___ air at the back.
That’s enough. I have given you much to ___37___ about. Now, I need somewhere private to lick my wounds.
18．A．warn B．recommend C．convince D．teach
19．A．made B．achieved C．devoted D．observed
20．A．Sadly B．Fortunately C．Generally D．Hopefully
21．A．wandered B．slipped C．threw D．dashed
22．A．gain weight B．make sense C．take effect D．lose balance
23．A．served B．introduced C．treated D．entertained
24．A．offered B．transported C．sent D．lent
25．A．rude B．eager C．funny D．sympathetic
26．A．feet B．back C．head D．teeth
27．A．behaved B．declined C．admitted D．nodded
28．A．devotion B．innocence C．clumsiness D．mistakes
29．A．hurt B．work C．mind D．help
30．A．roughly B．smoothly C．badly D．freely
31．A．comfort B．delight C．embarrassment D．shock
32．A．hid B．buried C．enjoyed D．excused
33．A．hardships B．performances C．adventures D．accidents
34．A．stood B．rose C．dropped D．pointed
35．A．take B．cut C．pull D．settle
36．A．warm B．damp C．cool D．fresh
37．A．laugh B．care C．think D．hear
第II卷（非选择题）
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四、短文
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
38．What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A．An eco-friendly lifestyle
B．Ways to manage a guesthouse(小旅馆).
C．Practice of shade planting.
39．How do the Hoffmans get fresh vegetables for the guests?
A．By growing in their garden.
B．By experimenting in the lab.
C．By buying in the market.
40．Which of the following is right according to the passage?
A．Tomato plants do not need direct sunshine.
B．Plants and tree roots go against each other.
C．Irish potatoes grow better in shady environment.
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五、阅读理解
This is a national chain brand education group. We are currently looking for a headmaster for a primary school in Beijing.
Requirements:
Be motivated to develop a learning community of both students and their teachers.
Hold a master’s degree and a teaching qualification in primary or middle school.
Have successful teaching experience within a primary school or middle school setting.
Experience of Project-Based Learning will be an advantage and preferred.
Be ready to organize and participate in after-school events that might occasionally include evenings and weekends.
Key Responsibilities:
Ensure that best interests of students and their learning sit at the heart of all decision-making.
Manage and regularly review the use of available resources, including human resources like accepting appropriately qualified staff, so as to improve students’ learning and achievements.
Provide broad and balanced courses that meet relevant requirements and the school’s education vision, including the use of PBL (problem-based-learning) alongside more traditional teaching methods for primary courses.
Monitor and evaluate the quality of teaching and learning as well as standards of achievement.
Work in partnership with parents/carers, the community, other schools and in particular colleges, businesses to improve and enrich the school and ensure the academic, moral, social and emotional well-being of students.
Provide regular management information to the Board（董事会）covering the financial, academic and examination performances of the school.
If you meet the above-mentioned qualifications and are interested in employment, please send us your resumes（简历） and application letter to edu@foreignhr.com before June 1, 2022.
41．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To explain a teaching method. B．To introduce a school.
C．To share a personal experience. D．To advertise a position.
42．Which of the following is Not a must for application?
A．A diploma and qualifications in teaching.
B．Relevant work experience in education.
C．Experience of Project-Based Learning.
D．Willingness to work after working hours.
43．What should a qualified headmaster do?
A．Center on the best interests of the staff.
B．Arrange courses based on his education vision.
C．Cooperate with related members and groups.
D．Keep management information from the Board.
His interest in Chinese language and characters dates from 1972, when Richard Sears, was a 22-year-old physics major at Portland State University in Oregon. To Sears, the characters were complex with many strokes（笔画）and almost no apparent logic. But when he could get an explanation of a Chinese character’s original meaning and an interpretation of its pictographs (象形文字), it would suddenly become apparent how all the strokes had come to be. “I’m a physicist, so I don’t like blind memorization. I knew that Chinese characters came from pictographs and I wanted to know the stories behind the Chinese characters.”
As he studied, Sears found that many of the explanations were conflicting and even the experts were at odds. He decided to computerize the characters, so that he could separate good opinions from bad ones. He scanned about 96,000 ancient characters and established the database of them.
In 2002 he got his website up and named it Chinese Etymology, where visitors can check for free the development of Chinese characters in various forms, from the original pictographs to the modern simplified forms. The clicks to the website went up to 600,000 in one day. Overnight he became American Uncle Hanzi, a nickname（绰号）given by Chinese netizens.
Besides, he has explained the origin of 15,000 modern characters. For example, the character jia (home) has a rooftop and a pig underneath. In southern China where it rains a lot, people put their houses on stilts（木桩）, so if it flooded, the inside of the house would not get wet. So, the pigs live underneath the house.
Last year, Sears set up his studio in Nanjing that focuses on applying AR, animation（动画）and artificial intelligence to tell stories of Chinese culture and character origins. He has made over 60 such videos in English with Chinese subtitles for Bilibili, a video website. “They have both entertainment and educational value,” he says.
In the meantime, Sears has been updating the database. “My philosophy is huo dao lao xue dao lao.”
44．According to Paragraph 1, why did Sears want to know the stories behind the Chinese characters?
A．To make his life in China much easier.
B．To become an expert at Chinese characters.
C．To solve some related problems in physics.
D．To memorize Chinese characters more easily.
45．What does “were at odds” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Held different views. B．Showed no interest.
C．Had no doubt at all. D．Were under attack.
46．What did Sears do to tell the stories behind the Chinese characters?
A．He established a database for all the ancient Chinese characters.
B．He built a website about the development of Chinese characters’ forms.
C．He illustrated the structures of 15,000 modern Chinese characters.
D．He set up a studio to make videos about the stories of Chinese history.
47．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Chinese characters catching the world’s wide attention.
B．A Chinese character website established by an American.
C．American Uncle Hanzi devoted to Chinese characters.
D．The secret to language learning — long-lasting interest.
Researchers from Singapore said in their new study that in older adults, doing housework was tied to a better memory and attention span, and stronger legs, which helps prevent falls. Shiou-Liang Wee, a researcher said, “Housework is a purposeful activity performed by many older adults and represents a significant share of their self-reported physical activity.”   
For the study, Wee’s team investigated nearly 500 healthy Singaporeans between 21 and 90 years of age. Among younger participants, 36% said they engaged in enough physical activity to meet the goal researchers set as beneficial, as did 48% of older participants. But 61% of younger and 66% of older participants met this target only through housework, the study revealed.
After taking other types of regular physical activity into consideration, the researchers found that housework was tied with sharper mental abilities and better physical capacity, but only among the older participants. Scores on tests of mental ability were as much as 8% higher among those who did lots of housework, compared with those who did little, Lee’s team found.
And among older participants, balance and the time it took to stand up from sitting, which the investigators used as an indication of physical ability, were better for those who did lots of housework than for those who didn’t.
Dr. Maria Carney, chief of geriatric (老年病的) medicine at Northwell Health, N.Y., noted that exercise benefits your brain, and housework is exercise that also involves mental activity and requires detailed thought processes to complete. Physical activity increases blood circulation to your muscles and your brain, which helps mental function. Housework can be an important part of your exercise routine. Carney said, “It’s a task you’ve got to plan for. You’ve got to use devices; you’ve got to use equipment. There’s planning involved, so there’s mental exercise along with physical exercise.”
48．According to Paragraph 1, what do we know about the study?
A．Older adults benefit from doing housework.
B．Older adults doing housework do not fall.
C．Doing housework is a rising trend in Singapore.
D．Doing housework is older adults’ favorite exercise.
49．Which of the following was considered in the study by the researchers?
A．Participants’ ages, sexes and occupations.
B．Goals of physical ability participants set.
C．Ways in which participants do housework.
D．Types of physical activity participants do.
50．What are the research findings based on?
A．Research data. B．Scientific theory.
C．Related documents. D．Daily observation.
51．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Why tools are used in doing housework.
B．How housework works for mental ability.
C．What physical activities should be done.
D．Who are more suitable to do housework.
I’ve just asked Julie Gray, a biologist at the University of Sheffield, which species she thinks would be the last ones standing if we don’t take transformative action on climate change. “I don’t think it will be humans. I think we’ll go quite early on,” says Gray. Humans probably won’t be among the survivors, partly because humans produce young extremely slowly and generally just one or two at a time.
It may seem like just a thought experiment. But discussing which species are able to survive climate change is disturbingly concrete. As a report stated recently, one in four species currently faces extinction, which is closely linked to climate change. While the seriousness of climate change is undeniable, we can make some educated guesses about which species will have a better shot at going far.
According to Jen Lau, a biologist at University Bloomington, heat tolerant and drought resistant plants, like those found in deserts, are more likely to survive. So are plants whose seeds can be spread over long distances, for example by wind or ocean currents. Plants that can adjust their flowering times may also be better able to deal with higher temperatures.
We can also look to history as a guide. Cockroaches adapted to an increasingly dry Australia tens of millions of years ago, by starting to dig holes in soil to hide. Cockroaches also tend to not be picky eaters. Having broad diets means that climate change will be less of a threat to them.
Furthermore, species called “mobile generalists” by experts can move and adapt to different environments and are more likely to last long in face of climate change. For example, deer in the US are common in suburban areas and manage to live where forests have been removed or are regularly disturbed.
Certainly, some animals would also survive if they could find a buffer: an area that is relatively protected from climate change’s consequences, such as deep sea canyons, underground caves.
52．What does the author probably think of the answer given by Gray?
A．Ridiculous. B．Unreasonable. C．Upsetting. D．Exciting.
53．Which of the following can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 2?
A．Peacefully wait. B．Quickly die out.
C．Greatly change. D．Possibly survive.
54．Which of the following species is likely to survive climate change?
A．Trees growing in the rainforest and flowering at fixed time every year.
B．Animals good at digging holes and not particular about food.
C．Creatures mainly living in trees and spending most time sleeping.
D．Fishes that do not enjoy deep diving and like to stay in a bay.
55．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．How Climate Will Change in the Future
B．What Species May Survive Climate Change
C．Why Some Species Have Broader Diets
D．Where Species Can Hide in Climate Change
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六、七选五
A few years ago, I was giving a presentation to the CEO of a company. Through the entire meeting time, the CEO sat at the conference table with his arms tightly crossed without a smile. I was sure that he was not satisfied, but later his assistant told me her boss was impressed with my presentation. Suddenly, I realized that, it was his usual behavior. ___56___ Here are three more: ignoring the context, finding meaning in a single gesture, comparing with a proper culture.
First, context is king. The same nonverbal gestures can take on totally different meanings in different contexts. You can’t really make sense of someone’s nonverbal message unless you understand the circumstances behind it. For example, if you yawn in a staff meeting because you were up early for an international business call, let people know why you’re tired. ___57___
Then, people are constantly trying to evaluate your state of mind by monitoring your body language. But often they will assign meaning to a single nonverbal gesture. Generally speaking, people take more notice of any sign that indicates you’re in a bad mood and not to be approached. ___58___ So, you may be more comfortable standing with your arms folded across your chest, but others judge that single gesture as resistant and unapproachable.
When I talk about culture, I’m referring to a set of shared values that a group of people hold. ___59___ More importantly, they are the kind of criteria by which people judge others. We all have cultural biases that regard some nonverbal behaviors as normal and right and others as strange or wrong. What’s proper and correct in one culture may be ineffective or even rude in another.
___60___ Understanding them, and trying not to make the same ones, will help you display your nonverbal ability.
A．Such values affect how members of the group think and act.
B．Nonverbal signals are very common in our daily life.
C．These are people’s most common mistakes when they read your body language.
D．As with me, when people don’t know your usual behavior they can easily jump to the wrong conclusion.
E．Without this context, you’ll look like you’re just bored.
F．If they don’t know the context, embarrassment will appear.
G．This is because the human brain pays more attention to negative messages than it does to positive ones.
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七、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Green Measures Make Games Green
China has adopted the green and low-carbon concept in many ___61___ (operate) of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
Many venues ___62___ the 2008 Summer Olympics were held are now being reused. And all venues for the Winter Games are ___63___ (entire) powered by green energy. The transportation system also emphasizes a low-carbon approach, with energy-saving vehicles ___64___ (account) for about 85% of all the vehicles. For the first time in Olympics history, so many vehicles ___65___ (fuel) by hydrogen have been used ___66___ (guarantee) such a large-scale green event in the world. The Winter Olympics Village also shows that the designers are ___67___ (ambition) to practice the concept of green Olympics. For example, in Yanqing Winter Olympic Village, which serves over 1,200 athletes and officials from 90 countries and regions, energy consumption can___68___(predict) in advance, and monitored in real time. More ___69___ that, the flame in the Olympic cauldron (圣火台), lit during ____70____ opening ceremony of the Winter Games, reflects China’s green and low-carbon emphasis in hosting the Games.
Thanks to the series of low-carbon measures, the Games can surely deserve “Green Games”.
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八、短文改错
71．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改： 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Hours after a dance performance, some netizens began posting our own videos of copy the show’s specific move - bending backward at a 90-degree angle. The program, what aired on Jan 31 during the annual Chinese New Year gala(春晚), was inspired by one of the best-known classical Chinese painting ——A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains. It was painted by Wang Ximeng, young artist who lived during the Song Dynasty. The bend was meaning to copy the shape of blue and green mountains in the painting. Netizens soon create a term for the move - “blue-green waist”. Though the pose is graceful, but it is skillful and challenging. Experts has warned that without years of training, the move may cause severely injuries.
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九、开放性作文
72．假如你是高中生李华,正在为明天英语课上的“课前三分钟演讲”做准备。你打算结合自己的经历，谈谈对挑战的看法。内容包括：
1.你是如何看待挑战的；
2.你战胜挑战的一次经历；
3.你的建议。
注意：1.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.词数100左右。
Hello, my dear friends. I’m happy to share my opinion about challenges with you.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.

参考答案：
1．A
【解析】
【原文】
W: Excuse me. Where can I find the nearest bank?
M: There’s a bank on Wall Street. It’s across from the shopping mall.
2．B
【解析】
【原文】
M: This pair of watches is beautiful. I think I’d like to buy them. Would it be possible to get a 10% discount?
W: Well, the individual price for the man’s watch is $ 100 and $ 80 for the woman’s watch, but I guess a 10% discount would be OK.
3．B
【解析】
【原文】
W: Oh, how clumsy of me! I do apologize, sir. I wasn’t looking where I was going. Here, let me help you pick those papers up.
M: That’s the least you can do. Why don’t you kids put your phones away for one second of the day, huh?
4．C
【解析】
【原文】
W: Honey, come and look! These places in the brochure are awesome! Which place shall we go for this vacation?
M: Oh, sorry. I’ve promised Mark that I am going hunting with him in Alaska.
W: John, you can’t be serious!
5．A
【解析】
【原文】
W: Hi, Louis.
M: Hi, Joan. What shall we do today?
W: I don’t feel like going out. The weather is so wet.
M: Well, I’d planned to go to a concert show or a book fair, but I would love to just be with you.
6．B
7．C
【解析】
【原文】
M: Hey, Miranda, you’re from Kenya, right?
W: Yeah, I moved here with my parents. My dad has got a new job as a professor.
M: Wow, is this your first time to China?
W: Nope. We have been here before. We went to Zhejiang to visit my aunt and Shanghai for sightseeing.
M: How do you like it here so far?
W: It’s amazing. People are all very friendly. Living in the school dormitory is exciting! There are still things to get used to, though.
8．A
9．A
10．C
【解析】
【原文】
M: Good morning, Ann.
W: Good morning, Mr. Jones.
M: Can you tell me what meetings I have this week?
W: I will bring the schedule. Okay, you have a meeting at 3:00 p.m. Today. On Wednesday, you are going to London. Don’t forget your train leaves at 9:30 a.m..
M: Okay, what time is my meeting in London?
W: At 11:30 a.m. And on Thursday Ms. Wang wants to talk to you.
M: Who is Ms. Wang?
W: She is our new project manager. She starts to work next week.
11．B
12．C
13．A
【解析】
【原文】
W: This is Word Master on Radio 4. Today we have Professor Danny Sheffield from Arkansas Community College. Okay, Danny, could you tell us how to produce a good piece of writing in college?
M: Well, one of the basic things about any writing is to remember three key points. Number one, say what you’re going to say. So you’re telling the readers what you’re going to write about, and maybe also your opinion in the beginning part. The second thing is “say it”. And here’s where you provide details and facts to support what you have stated. And the third part is “say it again”. Conclude the main parts of your article and restate the key points that you’ve made, and what you want your readers to understand.
W: Uh, what really separates an excellent article from an average one?
M: I would say it’s a personal voice, because people respond to such an article much more easily. If you want to touch the readers’ feelings, write more into the excellent type, rather than, “Oh, this is a good formal article.”
14．B
15．C
16．B
17．A
【解析】
【原文】
W: You are quite a heavy smoker.
M: Yes, I guess I am. I started smoking when I was just eighteen years old, so I’ve been smoking for about thirteen years now.
W: I guess you’ve read all about how harmful smoking is to your health.
M: Yes, I know, but I’ve found that smoking is really quite beneficial for me. When I don’t know what to write, I sit down to smoke a cigarette and when I’m done, I know exactly what to write.
W: I hope you don’t mind my saying this, but don’t you think that’s just an excuse? I once read a news report saying that smokers like to find excuses for themselves so that they don’t have to give up smoking.
M: Perhaps you’re right, but it’s really hard to quit smoking. I’ve tried several times but it doesn’t work.
W: Well, why not try again? Just think smoking has controlled your life for thirteen years now.
M: Yes, I get your point. I’ll try again. Do you know anyone else who smokes?
W: Not any more. My father and my husband used to smoke, but I helped them both quit.
M: That’s amazing. How did you help them quit?
W: I used some methods I read about in an article about quitting smoking. They were really helpful.
18．C
19．B
20．A
21．D
22．D
23．C
24．A
25．D
26．A
27．B
28．C
29．A
30．B
31．B
32．D
33．D
34．B
35．C
36．C
37．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文为夹叙夹议的文章。作者以幽默的口吻，讲述了自己因为笨拙而出糗的三个场景。作者认为自己堪称“笨拙大王”。
18．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这就是你的结论，那就让我来说服你吧。A. warn警告；B. recommend建议；C. convince说服；D. teach教学。此句为过渡句，起到了承上启下的作用，表示如果那是你的结论的话，我会让你相信情况是另外的样子。convince使……信服、说服。故选C。
19．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，在我离开家去完成一件事之前，我完成了一件一直在我遗愿清单上的事。A. made制作；B. achieved实现；C. devoted献身；D. observed观察。依据后文“愿望清单”和“学会了劈叉”，可知作者达成了愿望清单上的其中一个愿望。此处作者用诙谐的语气，用该词与上半句中的accomplish照应。故选B。
20．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，我没有学会大多数人做的那样。A. Sadly悲伤地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Generally通常；D. Hopefully有希望地。作者是以摔倒的方式学会劈叉的，和大多数人学会该技能的方式都不一样。这种学会劈叉的方式是让人难过和痛苦的，因此答案为sadly。故选A。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我冲向自己的房间。A. wandered徘徊；B. slipped滑动；C. threw扔；D. dashed冲。听到电话响，快速跑过去接听。dash“猛冲，飞奔”符合语境。故选D。
22．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，地板上的一点水让我失去了平衡：前面的那条腿失去了力量，紧跟着后面的那条腿在身体的压力之下也不受控制了。A. gain weight长胖；B. make sense有意义；C. take effect生效；D. lose balance失去平衡。根据上文“a little bit of water on the floor made me”可知，地板上的一点水让作者失去了平衡。故选D。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我去了一家餐馆，感觉自己像一个80多岁的女人，我确实被像一个女人一样对待：一个和我同龄的年轻人给我让座，还有很多其他人同情的目光和微笑；一位好心的先生问我脚疼不疼，走动时是否需要帮助。A. served服务；B. introduced介绍；C. treated对待；D. entertained娱乐。根据空格后面的分号，可知下文是对此句的解释说明，餐馆里的顾客有给作者让座的，有问她需不需要搀扶的，说明作者像老人一样被对待。故选C。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我去了一家餐馆，感觉自己像一个80多岁的女人，我确实被像一个女人一样对待：一个和我同龄的年轻人给我让座，还有很多其他人同情的目光和微笑；一位好心的先生问我脚疼不疼，走动时是否需要帮助。A. offered提供；B. transported运输；C. sent发送；D. lent借给。与作者同龄的一个年轻人主动把座位让给了她。故选A。
25．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，我去了一家餐馆，感觉自己像一个80多岁的女人，我确实被像一个女人一样对待：一个和我同龄的年轻人给我让座，还有很多其他人同情的目光和微笑; 一位好心的先生问我脚疼不疼，走动时是否需要帮助。A. rude粗鲁的；B. eager渴望的；C. funny有趣的；D. sympathetic同情的。根据上文可知：作者年纪轻轻，走路却像老人一样，可以看出她正在经受着痛苦，因此，人们看向她时都很同情。故选D。
26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我去了一家餐馆，感觉自己像一个80多岁的女人，我确实被像一个女人一样对待：一个和我同龄的年轻人给我让座，还有很多其他人同情的目光和微笑；一位好心的先生问我脚疼不疼，走动时是否需要帮助。A. feet脚；B. back后背；C. head头；D. teeth牙齿。根据上文可知，作者是因为地滑，而腿劈叉了，因此走路的样子像80岁的老太太。根据她走路的样子，可判断出是腿脚出了毛病。因此，作者被问及是否脚痛。故选A。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我恭敬地谢绝了。A. behaved行为；B. declined拒绝，下降；C. admitted承认；D. nodded点头。作者在餐馆被人们像80岁的老太太一样对待，她感觉很尴尬。所以当被好心人问到是否需要搀扶走动时，作者礼貌地拒绝了。此外，作者是自己走进餐馆的，说明不需要帮助也可以自由行走。此处的certainly很好的提示了作者的态度。故选B。
28．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我在这个领域的专业性可以轻松让我成为“笨拙大王”。A. devotion奉献；B. innocence无辜；C. clumsiness笨拙；D. mistakes错误。从第二段和第六段叙述的事件可以归纳出，作者的特征是笨手笨脚、意外频发。故选C。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：再给你讲个故事也无妨。A. hurt伤害；B. work工作；C. mind介意；D. help帮助。此处为句型It won’t hurt to do sth“做某事也无妨”，是引起下文的过渡句。故选A。
30．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一切都很顺利，直到妈妈向爸爸抛了个媚眼，意思是“你现在讲故事吧”。A. roughly大概地；B. smoothly顺利地；C. badly严重地；D. freely自由地。结合后文“until mom gave dad the eye meaning ‘You tell some stories now’”指一切进展的都很顺利，直到妈妈给爸爸使了个眼色，意思是“你现在开始讲故事吧”。言外之意，作者的尴尬时刻又开始了。故选B。
31．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给我讲了一个关于我童年的故事，这使我很失望，但使他的听众很高兴。A. comfort安慰；B. delight高兴；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. shock震惊。根据but 可知，本空与despair是相反的，所以答案为delight。故选B。
32．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了赶紧躲开所有的笑声，我找了个借口，向厨房走去。A. hid隐藏；B. buried埋葬；C. enjoyed欣赏；D. excused赦免，找借口。根据前文“get away from” 和后文“head for the kitchen”可知作者想要逃离尴尬和众人的哄笑。excuse oneself请求准予离开。故选D。
33．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻给观众们上演了一个我总是意外频发的活生生的例子。A. hardships艰难；B. performances表现；C. adventures冒险；D. accidents事故。此处作者想表达的是：因为我的笨手笨脚，所以总是会有很多意外事故发生，在父母邀请的客人们面前，我当场发生了意外。这是我若干意外事故中的一个例子。该词也与全文的中心话题有关，作者的笨手笨脚带来了意外事故。故选D。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的谈话都停止了，我迅速站了起来。A. stood站立；B. rose上升；C. dropped落下；D. pointed指出。根据前文可知，作者摔倒了，所有的聊天都停止了。说明客人们都看到所发生的意外了。在这种情况下，作者的反应是迅速地站起来。rise to one’s feet和stand on one’s feet都是“站起来”之意，但文中的介词为to，因此选择rise。故选B。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我冲到楼上我的房间时，一个客人拦住了我，让我把裙子拉下来！A. take带走；B. cut切割；C. pull拉；D. settle解决。作者当众大头朝下的摔倒后，迅速起身往楼上跑，没有注意到自己的裙子窜到上面或卷起来了。所以别人提醒她把窜到上面或卷起来的裙子拉下来。take down卸下来、取下来；cut down砍倒、削减；pull down拉下来；settle down定居、安顿下来。故选C。
36．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我终于知道为什么我感觉到背后的凉风了。A. warm温暖的；B. damp潮湿的；C. cool凉爽的；D. fresh新鲜的。承接上句。作者现在终于知道为什么会感觉到身体的后面有凉风了，因为裙子窜到上面或卷起来了。故选C。
37．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给你说了很多可以嘲笑的事情。A. laugh笑；B. care关心；C. think思考；D. hear听见。作者在文中讲述了她因笨拙而出糗的事情。最后一段作者说：我说的够多了。给你们的笑料已经不少了。现在，我需要找个隐秘的地方疗伤了。此处的laugh体现了这篇文章的目的：作者用诙谐幽默的语言讲述了自己作为“笨拙大王”的经历，给读者带来了快乐。故选A。
38．C
39．A
40．C
【解析】
【原文】
Hello, everyone. Welcome back to the program. We all know plants need sunshine to grow. But actually, not all vegetables need lots of sunshine. Mark Hoffman and his wife own a guesthouse in Kempton, Illinois. They often serve their guests fresh vegetables from their garden. For almost ten years, the Hoffmans have been experimenting with shade plantings. Curious visitors often ask how they do it. Here is the answer: they grow tomatoes near the trees that produce a lot of shade. Tomato plants grow as long as they get five hours a day of direct sunshine, especially morning sun. This goes against the traditional advice that tomatoes need eight, even twelve hours a day of full sun. In fact, plants and tree roots can share something in common. Besides tomatoes, the Hoffmans grow Irish potatoes. Plants with wider leaves seem to do better in shady environments. The potatoes grow better in the shade than in full sun.
41．D
42．C
43．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要详细介绍了招聘北京一所小学的小学校长岗位的要求和职责等。
41．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“We are currently looking for a headmaster for a primary school in Beijing. (我们正在为北京的一所小学寻找校长。)”可知，本文是一则招聘广告，目的是为北京的一所小学招聘校长职位打广告。故选D项。
42．
细节理解题。根据Requirements部分中第四点“Experience of Project-Based Learning will be an advantage and preferred. (有项目学习经验者优先。)”可知，拥有项目学习的经验是一项优势并且会被优先考虑，但不是应聘此岗位的必须条件。故选C项。
43．
细节理解题。根据Key Responsibilities中的第五点“Work in partnership with parents/carers, the community, other schools and in particular colleges, businesses to improve and enrich the school and ensure the academic, moral, social and emotional well-being of students. (与家长/看护人、社区、其它兄弟学校尤其高校、商业团体等合作，促进学校更好、更丰富的发展，确保学生在学术、道德、社交和情感方面的健康成长。)”可知，作为校长，应当与相关人员（比如，家长和社区）和相关团体（比如，大学和企业）共同合作促进学生和学校的发展。故选C项。
44．D
45．A
46．B
47．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文为记叙文，讲述了一位美国人痴迷中国汉字，他建立了古汉字数据库，创立了汉语词源网站，阐释15,000个现代汉字的起源，创办工作室录制中国文化和汉字词源故事的视频。中国的网友们亲切的称呼他为“美国汉字大叔”。
44．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“I’m a physicist, so I don’t like blind memorization. I knew that Chinese characters came from pictographs and I wanted to know the stories behind the Chinese characters.” (我是物理学家，所以我不喜欢盲目记忆。我知道汉字来自象形文字，我想知道汉字背后的故事)可知，作为物理学家，他不喜欢盲目记忆，他知道汉字来自于象形文字，所以他想了解汉字背后的故事。因此，他是为了更容易地记忆汉字，专门去了解它们背后的故事。故选D项。
45．
词义猜测题。根据第二段首句“As he studied, Sears found that many of the explanations were conflicting and even the experts were at odds.” (在他的研究中，Sears发现许多解释是相互矛盾的，甚至专家也意见不一)中的“and”可知，“conflicting” (冲突的，相矛盾的)与“at odds”构成并列关系，由此推知，所猜词的意思是“持有不同的观点”。故选A项。
46．
细节理解题。根据第三段首句“In 2002 he got his website up and named it Chinese Etymology, where visitors can check for free the development of Chinese characters in various forms.”(2002年，他建立了自己的网站，并将其命名为“中国语源学”。在这里，访问者可以免费查看从原始象形文字到现代简体字的各种形式的汉字发展情况)可知，他创办的Chinese Etymology网站可以供访客免费查阅汉字发展的各种不同形式，因此这个网站是关于汉字的各种发展形式的。故选B项。
47．
主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了一位致力于汉字研究的美国汉字大叔的故事。所以C项“美国叔叔酷爱汉字”是本文主旨大意。故选C项。
48．A
49．D
50．A
51．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡研究者通过研究发现做家务劳动和老年人的身心健康有着密切的联系。
48．
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Researchers from Singapore said in their new study that in older adults, doing housework was tied to a better memory and attention span, and stronger legs, which helps prevent falls. (来自新加坡的研究人员在他们的新研究中表示，对于老年人来说，做家务与更好的记忆力和注意力持续时间以及更强壮的腿部有关，这有助于防止跌倒。)”可知，老人做家务有许多好处，其中就包括有助于预防摔倒、加强注意力集中和锻炼腿部。故选A项。
49．
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“After taking other types of regular physical activity into consideration, the researchers found that housework was tied with sharper mental abilities and better physical capacity, but only among the older participants. (在考虑了其他类型的有规律的体力活动后，研究人员发现，家务劳动与更敏锐的心智能力和更好的体能有关，但仅限于年龄较大的参与者。)”由此可知，研究考虑了体力活动的种类，将家务劳动与其他体力活动作对比。故选D项。
50．
推理判断题。在第二、三段中的研究数据，尤其是第二段中“Among younger participants, 36% said they engaged in enough physical activity to meet the goal researchers set as beneficial, as did 48% of older participants. But 61% of younger and 66% of older participants met this target only through housework, the study revealed. (在年轻的参与者中，36%的人说他们从事了足够的体力活动，以达到研究人员设定的有益目标，48%的老年参与者也是如此。但研究显示，61%的年轻人和66%的老年人只有通过家务劳动才能达到这一目标。)”可知，研究人员是基于对多项研究数据的对比分析，才得出几项具体的研究发现。故选A项。
51．
主旨大意题。 通读最后一段，尤其是根据最后一段第一句中玛莉亚·卡尼博士所说的话“exercise benefits your brain, and housework is exercise that also involves mental activity and requires detailed thought processes to complete. (锻炼有益于你的大脑，而家务劳动也是一种锻炼，它涉及到精神活动，需要详细的思维过程才能完成。)”可知，本段主要是在介绍做家务是如何有助于提升大脑功能。故选B项。
52．C
53．D
54．B
55．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在气候变化的影响下，哪些物种最后会幸存下来？同时就此问题做出有根据的猜测：植物类——耐热耐旱类、可长距离传播种子类、可调整花期类；动物类——蟑螂类、移动多能者类、可找到缓冲区类。
52．
推理判断题。 根据第二段第一句话“It may seem like just a thought experiment. But discussing which species are able to survive climate change is disturbingly concrete. (这可能看起来只是一个思想实验。但是，讨论哪些物种能够经受住气候变化的考验是令人不安的具体问题。)”由此可知，作者认为就连讨论这个问题本身都是令人不安的。因此，格雷回答说，人类不会在气候变化下幸存下来这件事，可推断出作者的感受是不安的。故选C项。
53．
词句猜测题。 根据第一段中“which species she thinks would be the last ones standing if we don’t take transformative action on climate change. (如果我们不对气候变化采取变革性行动，哪些物种将是最后存活的物种)”以及第二段中“But discussing which species are able to survive climate change is disturbingly concrete. (但是，讨论哪些物种能够经受住气候变化的考验是令人不安的具体问题。)”可知，本文主要讨论哪些物种能经受气候变化，存活下来。同时结合划线部分前文，可以推测出划线部分中的“going far”与上面提到的“standing”和 “survive”同义。因此可以推测划线部分的含义为“可能存活下来”的意思。故选D项。
54．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Cockroaches adapted to an increasingly dry Australia tens of millions of years ago, by starting to dig holes in soil to hide. Cockroaches also tend to not be picky eaters. Having broad diets means that climate change will be less of a threat to them. (数千万年前，蟑螂开始在土壤中挖洞隐藏，从而适应了日益干旱的澳大利亚。蟑螂也往往不挑食。食物广泛意味着气候变化对他们的威胁将减少。)”可知，蟑螂通过挖洞来躲避日益干燥的环境及它不挑食的特点，成功地活了成百上千万年。因此，擅长挖洞和不挑食的动物可能会幸存下来。故选B项。
55．
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段的第一句中“which species she thinks would be the last ones standing if we don’t take transformative action on climate change. (如果我们不对气候变化采取变革性行动，哪些物种将是最后存活的物种。)”可知，全文是围绕“哪些物种可以在气候改变的情况下存活”这一话题进行合理的猜想和科学的解释，因此B项贴合主题，最适合作为标题。故选B项。
56．D
57．E
58．G
59．A
60．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文为说明文。介绍了人们可能会对别人的肢体语言产生误解的几种常见的情况及原因。
56．
根据上文“A few years ago, I was giving a presentation to the CEO of a company. Through the entire meeting time, the CEO sat at the conference table with his arms tightly crossed without a smile. I was sure that he was not satisfied, but later his assistant told me her boss was impressed with my presentation. Suddenly, I realized that, it was his usual behavior.(几年前，我在给一家公司的首席执行官做演讲。整个会议期间，首席执行官都坐在会议桌旁，双臂紧紧交叉，没有一丝笑容。我确信他并不满意，但后来他的助手告诉我，她的老板对我的演讲印象深刻。突然，我意识到，这是他的惯常行为)”以及后文“Here are three more: ignoring the context, finding meaning in a single gesture, comparing with a proper culture.(这里还有三个原因：忽略上下文，在一个手势中找到意义，与适当的文化相比较)”可知，该句承接上文，与前面作者的亲身经历紧密联系，并与后面的“Here are three more”构成承接关系，引出另外三个对肢体语言产生误解的原因。故D选项“和我一样，当人们不知道你通常的行为时，他们很容易得出错误的结论”符合语境。故选D。
57．
根据上文“First, context is king. The same nonverbal gestures can take on totally different meanings in different contexts. You can’t really make sense of someone’s nonverbal message unless you understand the circumstances behind it. For example, if you yawn in a staff meeting because you were up early for an international business call, let people know why you’re tired.(首先，语境很重要。相同的非言语手势在不同的语境中可能具有完全不同的含义。你无法真正理解某人的非语言信息，除非你了解其背后的情况。例如，如果你在员工会议上打哈欠是因为你很早就要打国际商务电话，那么让人们知道你为什么累)”可知，前一句为：如果你在员工会议上打哈欠是因为你早起接打一个商务电话所致，那你要说明情况。E选项中context对应上文中context。故E选项“没有了这个语境，你看起来的样子是对会议感到无聊了”符合语境。故选E。
58．
根据上文“Then, people are constantly trying to evaluate your state of mind by monitoring your body language. But often they will assign meaning to a single nonverbal gesture. Generally speaking, people take more notice of any sign that indicates you’re in a bad mood and not to be approached.(然后，人们不断尝试通过监控你的肢体语言来评估你的心理状态。但通常他们会给一个非言语的手势赋予意义。一般来说，人们会更多地注意到任何表明你心情不好的迹象，不要接近你)”可知，上文提到一般来说，人们更注意那些表明你心情不好、不想让人接近的迹象。G项中“This is because”对上面的现象做出解释：这是因为人类大脑对消极信息的关注多于对积极信息的关注。选项中的pay more attention to、negative messages 分别与上句中的take more notice、bad mood and not to be approached对应。故G选项“这是因为人脑更关注负面信息，而不是正面信息”符合语境。故选G。
59．
根据上文“When I talk about culture, I’m referring to a set of shared values that a group of people hold.(当我谈论文化时，我指的是一群人持有的一套共同价值观)”可知，本句成绩上文说明拥有共同价值观的作用：影响团队成员的思维和行为方式。故A选项“这些价值观会影响团队成员的思维和行为方式”符合语境。故选A。
60．
根据后文“Understanding them, and trying not to make the same ones, will help you display your nonverbal ability.(理解它们，尽量避免重复，这将有助于你展示自己的非言语能力)”可知，本句是文章最后一段，对上文所叙述的内容进行概括总结，“These are people’s most common mistakes”不仅起到承上的作用，又对后文起到了启下的作用。下句中的them和ones即选项中提到的most common mistakes。故C选项“这些是人们在阅读你的肢体语言时最常见的错误”符合语境。故选C。
61．operations
62．where
63．entirely
64．accounting
65．fueled##fuelled
66．to guarantee
67．ambitious
68．be predicted
69．than
70．the
【解析】
【导语】
本文为说明文，介绍了在2022北京冬奥会中绿色、低碳理念的应用和体现。
61．
考查名词。句意：中国在2022年北京冬奥会的多个运营环节都贯彻了绿色低碳理念。作宾语应用名词operation，前面的many提示此处需要用名词的复数形式。故填operations。
62．
考查定语从句。句意：许多2008年夏季奥运会的举办地现在都在重复使用。定语从句修饰先行词venues，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
63．
考查副词。句意：所有冬季奥运会的场馆都完全由绿色能源供电。修饰动词 powered应用副词entirely，作状语。故填entirely。
64．
考查非谓语动词。句意：交通系统也强调低碳，节能车辆约占所有车辆的85%。此处为with的复合结构，energy-saving vehicles与account for为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作宾补。故填accounting。
65．
考查非谓语动词。句意：奥运会历史上首次在世界范围内使用如此多的氢燃料汽车，确保了如此大规模的绿色赛事。分析句子结构可知fuel在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与vehicles之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填fueled/fuelled。
66．
考查非谓语动词。句意：奥运会历史上首次在世界范围内使用如此多的氢燃料汽车，确保了如此大规模的绿色赛事。此处为短语be used to do sth.，表示“被用来做某事”。故填to guarantee。
67．
考查形容词。句意：冬季奥运村也体现了设计师们践行绿色奥运理念的雄心壮志。此处应用形容词ambitious，作表语。故填ambitious。
68．
考查语态。句意：例如，延庆冬季奥运村为来自90个国家和地区的1200多名运动员和官员服务，该村的能源消耗可以提前预测并实时监测。主语energy consumption与谓语动词predict构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be predicted。
69．
考查固定短语。句意：不仅如此，在冬奥会开幕式上点燃的奥运主火炬的火焰，反映了中国举办奥运会对绿色和低碳的重视。短语more than that意思为“不仅如此”，表示递进关系。故填than。
70．
考查冠词。句意：不仅如此，在冬奥会开幕式上点燃的奥运主火炬的火焰，反映了中国举办奥运会对绿色和低碳的重视。特指北京冬奥的开幕式。故填the。
71．1. our→their   2. copy→copying       3.what→which 或去掉what   4. painting→paintings
5. 在young前加a     6. meaning→meant     7. create→created    8. 去掉but   9. has→have   10. severely→severe
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇议论文。谈论了一些网民模仿电视节目中向后90度弯曲的动作的现象，并指出其存在的危险性。
【详解】
1.考查代词。句意：在一场舞蹈表演几个小时后，一些网民开始发布自己的视频，模仿该节目的具体动作——以90度角向后弯曲。主语some netizens为第三人称复数，故应用第三人称复数的形容词性物主代词their与主语保持逻辑一致。故将our改为their。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：在一场舞蹈表演几个小时后，一些网民开始发布自己的视频，模仿该节目的具体动作——以90度角向后弯曲。介词of后应用动名词作宾语。故将copy改为copying。
3.考查定语从句。句意：该节目于1月31日在一年一度的春节联欢晚会上播出，其灵感来自最著名的中国古典绘画之一——《江山全景》。分析可知，逗号后为非限制性定语（从句），先行词为The program，关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语，指代事物。故将what改为which或去掉what。
4.考查名词复数。句意：该节目于1月31日在一年一度的春节联欢晚会上播出，其灵感来自最著名的中国古典绘画之一——《江山全景》。“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定用法，表示“最……之一”。故将painting改为paintings。
5.考查冠词。句意：这幅画是生活在宋代的年轻艺术家王希蒙画的。单数可数名词artist为泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。所连接的形容词young发音以辅音音素开头。故在young前加a。
6.考查被动语态、固定句型。句意：这个弯曲被认为是为了模仿画中青山绿水的形状。be meant to do sth“被普遍认为是”是固定句式，符合句意。故将meaning改为meant。
7.考查动词时态。句意：网友们很快为这一动作创造了一个术语——“蓝绿色腰围”。根据句意可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故将create改为created。
8.考查连词。句意：虽然姿势优美，但技巧娴熟，富有挑战性。连词though和but不能一起使用，句首为Though。故去掉but。
9.考查动词的数。句意：专家警告说，如果没有多年的训练，此举可能会造成严重伤害。主语Experts为名词复数，主谓一致。故将has改为have。
10. 考查形容词。句意：专家警告说，如果没有多年的训练，此举可能会造成严重伤害。修饰名词injuries应用形容词。故将severely改为severe。
72．Hello, my dear friends. I’m happy to share my opinion about challenges with you. In my view, challenges are strong motivations that drive me on the way to success.
I remember when I was in junior school, I wanted to join the school football team, and I signed up for it. Then I was told that all the candidates would try out for it a month later and only those who finished running in a required time could be accepted. Though I wasn’t good at running, I was so eager to become a football player that I practiced running every morning. To my surprise, after a month’s hard work, I made it to the football team.
So my suggestion is: never be afraid of challenges, because they are opportunities in disguise.
That’s all. Thank you.
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。假如考生是高中生李华,正在为明天英语课上的“课前三分钟演讲”做准备。你打算结合自己的经历，谈谈对挑战的看法。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
驱使：drive→motivate
必须的：required→necessary
看法：view→opinion
报名：sign up→enroll for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To my surprise, after a month’s hard work, I made it to the football team.
拓展句：what surprised me is that after a month’s hard work, I made it to the football team.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Then I was told that all the candidates would try out for it a month later and only those who finished running in a required time could be accepted.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] Though I wasn’t good at running, I was so eager to become a football player that I practiced running every morning.（运用了so…that引导的结果状语从句）