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2022年北京市通州区高考英语一模试卷
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这是一份2022年北京市通州区高考英语一模试卷，共19页。试卷主要包含了It's awful!"，写信目的；，个人优势；，希望批准，【答案】D、C、D等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年北京市通州区高考英语一模试卷
On a cold November morning.Wade MacKinnon hiked around Mermaid Lake.In the(1)on the shoreline,something moved slightly and caught his eye.(2)，he approached to find a balloon stuck in the branches of a bayberry bush.When he untied the string,he found a piece of paper at the end of it which read,
"Dear daddy.
I've been missing you so much since you passed away.November 29 is my 10th birthday,but I will never receive your greetings...
Daisy"
It finished with a mailing address,almost 3，000 miles away.With tears in his eyes,Wade thought, "Such a young girl having to deal with(3).It's awful!"
When back home,Wade placed the note in a drawer and(4)the balloon to the window of his room.Every day,the(5)of the balloon reminded him of little Daisy.
As the end of November was drawing nearer,Wade found himself thinking more and more about the poor girl.So he wrote a letter,put it into a birthday card and(6)mailed it with a book.
The(7)arrived just two days before Daisy's birthday.When she opened it and found the card,"For a Dear Daughter..."，her heart(8).
"Happy birthday!I(9)to read your note,and feel sorry for you.I'm sure your daddy would want you to be happy.He loves you very much and will always be(10)you." Tears began to roll down Daisy's cheeks.
1. A. sands B. bushes C. hills D. rocks
2. A. Curious B. Anxious C. Serious D. Nervous
3. A. anger B. failure C. mystery D. death
4. A. caught B. presented C. attached D. related
5. A. image B. color C. movement D. sight
6. A. eagerly B. proudly C. bravely D. sadly
7. A. prize B. package C. note D. news
8. A. froze B. raced C. sank D. broke
9. A. expected B. decided C. promised D. happened
10. A. saving B. praising C. blessing D. changing
11. Mobile phones have been banned in schools in order to protect students eyesight and prevent them from becoming addicted to the Internet and online games.Now the overuse of mobile phones (1) （affect） the health of young people.There have been rising levels of shortsightedness among school children.In 2018，our country put forward the rules (2) （limit） the gaming industry.The following year,a ban was announced on under-18s, (3) were limited to 90 minutes of gaming on weekdays and 3 hours on weekends and holidays.
(1)
(2)
(3)
12. Racing Horse,created by Xu Beihong,is one of the most well-known works in modern Chinese folk art.Across the painting,we can see a horse running at a high speed like a missile across the sky.Xu Beihong (1) （clear）drew in black ink to show the (2) （move） hair on the horse's mane and tail.He (3) （develop） the tradition of combining poetry with painting and promoted the Chinese folk art.The painting of dark and light colors is a favorite of many art lovers.
(1)
(2)
(3)
13. Beethoven is a world-famous musician with a vast body of works (1) （write）throughout his remarkable life.As a gifted child,Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music day and night.Not long after,he began to be appreciated for his piano performances.By the time he was a teenager,he (2) （enjoy）a reputation as a wonderful young musician. (3) some important musicians like Mozart noticed his talents,his life,however,took a sharp turn.He started to lose his hearing (4) his late twenties.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
E
Tech-Enabled Yoga Pants - The Wearable X The Yoga pants Wearable X lets you practice yoga on your own terms.Our technology with integrated sensors and vibration（震动）is good for your practice at home and wherever you go.
The pulse（脉冲）clips into the pants behind the left knee and contains a 370 mAh battery to ensure you don't run out of power during your practice.
The Wearable X uses Bluetooth Low Energy to connect to your smartphone.To activate the pulse,double tap the surface of the pants until you see a blinking white light.
Our new app lets you choose between different exercises according to your preferences on your phone.The audio instructions are paired with gentle vibrations to give you clues where to focus and let you know if you have made it into the pose at the end of each pose.Once you have set your vibrations strength,you can place the phone next to your yoga mat during your session.
To wash,either put on hand wash or a gentle cycle after removing the pulse.The Wearable X allows tumble dry（甩干）.Make sure it is dry before clipping the pulse back on.
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Cassidy W. Here is the future of wellness that brings together design and technology to create a better quality of life through experience and fashion.
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14. What technology is used in the Wearable X？ ______
A. The tumble dry.
B. The video guide.
C. The waterproof surface.
D. The integrated sensors and vibration.
15. The strength of the vibration can affect ______ .
A. the life of the battery
B. the time for practice
C. the accuracy of the poses
D. the connection to the Bluetooth
16. What is the type of the article？ ______
A. A personal blog. B. A scientific essay.
C. A news interview. D. A website advertisement.
F
I had a quick short stay in Detroit Airport before heading home.Knowing my gate number,I got there with 5 minutes to spare and stood waiting for "Gate 3" to be called.
I was already very tired and had an important call scheduled for an hour after I was set to get home.But then I heard the announcement,"It seems we have overbooked the flight.Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours？" And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer.
I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work,moms needing to meet their kids,kids needing to see their friends.Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone,something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.
I picked up my bag,approached the desk,and told the gate attendant my decision.Smile spread on the face of her.As she was processing my ticket,I was happy to see all the other passengers could now board their flight and I had been able to help.The attendant handed me my boarding pass for the later flight and another piece of paper,then said,"This is for your kindness." I saw that it was a 700-dollar voucher to fly anywhere in the world during the next year!
I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours.I rescheduled that important call.And then I got a lot of work done,which was a wonderful silver lining.
When my flight started boarding,I was surprised to discover that my new boarding pass was for a seat in first class.I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened,and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness.I gave with the intention to serve others,with no thought of reward,and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade.
17. The airport announcement was made to ______ .
A. ask someone to take next flight
B. give information about a delayed flight
C. inform that the flight was about to take off
D. tell passengers the flight had been cancelled
18. What made the author off or to volunteer？ ______
A. A reward of 700 dollars
B. An offer of first-class seat.
C. The request of the attendant.
D. His concern about other passengers.
19. How did the author think about his extra 4-hour stay at the airport？ ______
A. Boring but productive. B. Challenging but acceptable.
C. Satisfying and efficient. D. Relaxing and worthwhile.
20. What is the best title of the passage？ ______
A. Every Effort Counts B. Time Is Treasure
C. Patience Is Appreciated D. Kindness Gives Back
G
Deep Sea：To Mine Or Not To Mine A robot as large as a truck moves along the bottom of the deep sea.It eats metallic（含金属的）rock and soft mud.They travel up a long pipe to a ship,where workers and machinery separate out the rock and throw the mud back into the ocean.This is a mining operation.The rock contains a mixture of metals,including ones called rare earth metals.People use these materials to make batteries and electronics like computers and phones.
Deep-sea mining hasn't happened yet.But it probably will occur within the next decade.No country owns any part of the deep sea,so a UN organization called the International Seabed Authority（ISA）decides who is allowed to mine there.It has allowed 29 organizations to explore the deep sea and make plans for mining,one of which plans to begin mining in the year 2027.
Scientists and environmentalists,though,warn that mining could destroy deep-sea ecosystem.In 1989，ecologist Hjalmar Thiel carried out a test.His team searched the seafloor of the Pacific Ocean,in a spot with lots of the metallic rocks that miners wanted.They didn't actually collect any of the rocks.But they disturbed the mud,just as a mining operation would.The cloud of mud fell back down over the ocean floor burying creatures living there.Up to now,the area they disturbed has not recovered.Signs of the search are still there.Deep sea creatures like sponges and corals have not moved back in.That means mining could have harmful,long-lasting consequences for deep ocean life.Scientists want to understand the deep sea better before disturbing it.
Leaving the deep sea alone sounds great,but people need those metals. "Mines on land are soon going to run out," geologist Steven Scolt of the University of Toronto told Smithsonian Magazine. "Every electronic device in the world has rare earth metals in it...we need raw resources." New energy technologies including solar and wind power and electric cars rely on these metals as well.We may need to mine them from the sea in order to switch to greener energy sources.
21. According to the passage,why do people want to carry out deep sea mining？ ______
A. To test the mining robot.
B. To collect rare earth metals.
C. To separate the rock from mud.
D. To understand the deep sea better.
22. What can we infer from the test of Hjalmar Thiel in 1989？ ______
A. They gathered some metallic rocks the miners wanted.
B. They helped the recovery of the disturbed mining areas.
C. They discovered the deep-sea mining affected the ocean ecology.
D. They found the rare metallic rocks were harmful to sea creatures.
23. What is Steven Scolt's attitude towards deep-sea mining？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Supportive. D. Disapproving.
H
Neuroscientists have explained the risky or aggressive behavior of teenagers as the product of a brain that is somehow damaged.A groundbreaking research in the past 10 years,however,shows that this view is wrong.The teen brain is not defective（有缺陷的）.It is not a half-baked adult brain,either.It has developed to function differently from that of a child or an adult.
Foremost among the teen brain's features is its ability to change in response to the environment by adjusting the communication networks that connect brain regions.This special plasticity,is a double-edged sword.It allows teenagers to make enormous progress in thinking and socialization.But it also makes them to dangerous behaviors and serious mental disorders.
The most recent study indicates that the riskiest behaviors arise from a mismatch between the maturation（成熟）of networks in the limbic system（大脑边缘系统），which drives emotions and strengthens at adolescence,and the maturation of networks in the prefrontal cortex（前额皮质），which occurs later and promotes sound judgment and the control of impulses（冲动）.Indeed,we now know that the prefrontal cortex continues to change until well into a person's 20s.And yet adolescence seems to be starting earlier,extending the "mismatch years."
The changeability of networks linking brain regions and not the growth of those regions-is key to eventually behaving like an adult.Understanding that,and knowing that a widening gap between the development of emotional and judgment networks is happening in young people today,can help parents,teachers,and teenagers themselves.People will better see that behaviors such as risk taking,and turning away from parents and toward peers are not signs of cognitive（认知的）or emotional problems.They are a natural result of brain development,a normal part of adolescents learning how to negotiate a complex world.
The same understanding can also help adults decide when to intervene and help.A 15-year-old girl's departure from her parents' tastes in clothing or music may be a source of sadness for Mom and Dad,but does not indicate mental illness.A 16-year-old boy's interest to skateboard without a helmet is more likely a result of short-range thinking and peer pressure than a desire to hurt himself.Other exploratory and aggressive actions might be warnings however.Knowing more about the unique teen brain will help all of us learn how to separate unusual behavior that is age-appropriate from that which might indicate illness.Such awareness could help society reduce teen problems.
24. The difference between the teen's brain and that of an adult is its ______ .
A. disorder B. weakness C. maturation D. changeability
25. What does the underlined word "susceptible" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ ______
A. Safe. B. Sensitive. C. Hesitant. D. Resistant.
26. According to the most recent study,teens' riskiest behaviors arise because ______ .
A. their brains are somehow damaged
B. their emotions strengthen at adolescence
C. the prefrontal cortex fails to control impulses
D. two brain regions don't develop at the same pace
27. What is the significance of the research？ ______
A. It provides effective solutions to teens' mental problems.
B. It highlights the functions of different brain regions of teens.
C. It helps adults to analyze teens' behaviors and offer help.
D. It intends to prevent teenagers from risky and aggressive behaviors.
Your Health and 5 G The fifth generation technology of cellular data or 5 G，promises to bring lightning-fast data connection speeds.Much faster than Internet connections currently offered in many homes. (1) However,not everyone is excited about 5 G service.
(2) There are even protests aimed at slowing down or even stopping companies from installing the equipment necessary for 5 G service.Why are people so worried？
To understand the possible health risks of 5 G，it is important to understand how the new service sets apart from existing 3 G and 4 G. (3) 5 G uses a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum.The signals have short wavelengths measured in millimeters called millimeter waves.Millimeter waves are perfect for high-speed data but small transmitters and antennas must put up everywhere to ensure good connections.This presents a cause for concern.
5 G service means new transmitters and antennas everywhere.Certainly,it will mean that the amount of electromagnetic radiation that people are exposed to will increase.Radiation exposure sounds dangerous,but it all depends on the type of radiation,the strength and the amount of time that people are exposed to.Sunlight is a type of radiation,and exposure for too long can cause a sunburn. (4)
Many studies have been done to explore whether low-level exposure to radio waves,microwaves,or millimeter waves has negative health effects.So far,there is no conclusive evidence. (5) However,scientists will continue to study the long-term effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation.
A.It's important to consider risks when using 5 G.
B.Will this new technology bring new health risks？
C.The main difference is the new frequency of the signals to transmit data.
D.High-speed service has the potential to revolutionize many technologies.
E.Repeated exposure over time can also lead to the likeliness of skin cancer.
F.As long as producers follow safety regulations,5 G should not cause a health risk.
G.Some people worry that the technology behind 5 G might present serious health risks.
28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
33. Liberal Arts' Hidden Value If you have to pick one,who do you think made greater contributions to the world：physicist Isaac Newton or philosopher Aristotle？
Chances are that you'd find it hard to make a decision.But when choosing a major in college,the line between the two areas couldn't be clearer.Science majors,such as technology,engineering,math,are considered to be more practical choices because of the wealth of opportunities,while those who choose a liberal arts （文科） major-language,music,philosophy-may have more difficulty finding a job.
But perhaps we should look at liberal arts studies in another way to understand its value.In the documentary Civilizations,for example,presenters（主持人）take us to 31 countries to appreciate human creativity,such as the Great Wall and the Pyramids.To Simon Schama,one of the presenters,human civilization isn't just about technology,but about liberal arts or creating things to leave a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire.
By comparing science and liberal arts,we're drawing "an artificial line" between the two,said Loretta Jackson,an associate professor at Rhodes College in Memphis,US.And to some of the greatest innovators（革新者）in history,this line never existed.Leonardo da Vinci,for example,was an outstanding scientist and painter.He was so interested in biology and anatomy（解剖学）that he drew the famous Vitruvian Man,which perfectly shows proportions（比例）of the human body.Then there's Steve Jobs,who is an engineer and also an artist.He summarized the relationship between science and arts："It's in Apple's DNA that technology alone is not enough-it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing."
(1) Why is science more attractive when students choose a major in college？ ______
(2) According to Simon Schama,what is the value of liberal arts in human civilization？ ______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. ______
►Steve Jobs concluded that technology contributed to Apple's success,but liberal arts played a more important role.
(4) What major will you choose in college？Explain your reasons. （In about 40 words） ______
第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会将于2022年2月在中国举行，现面向社会招募志愿者。假如你是李华，请根据自己的情况写一封英文申请信。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势（如爱好、性格、能力等优势）；
3.希望批准。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
__________
Yours,
Li Hua答案和解析
1~10.【答案】B、A、D、C、C、C、B、B、D、C
【解析】（1）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.sands沙滩；B.bushes灌木丛；C.hills山丘；D.rocks岩石。句意：在海岸线上的灌木丛中，有什么东西在微微移动，引起了他的注意。根据后文"a balloon stuck in the branches of a bayberry bush."可知是在灌木丛发现的气球。故选B。
（2）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.Curious好奇的；B.Anxious焦虑的；C.Serious严肃的；D.Nervous紧张的。句意：他好奇地走过去，发现一个气球卡在杨梅树丛的树枝上。根据后文"he approached to find a balloon stuck in the branches of a bayberry bush"可知Wade是处于好奇走过去的。故选A。
（3）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.anger愤怒；B.failure失败；C.mystery神秘；D.death死亡。句意：这么年轻的女孩要面对死亡。根据上文"I've been missing you so much since you passed away."可知女孩要面对父亲去世。故选D。
（4）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.caught抓住；B.presented呈现；C.attached贴上，系；D.related有关。句意：回到家后，韦德把纸条放在抽屉里，把气球系在他房间的窗户上。根据后文"the balloon to the window of his room"指把气球系在他房间的窗户上。故选C。
（5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.image图像；B.color颜色；C.movement移动；D.sight视力。句意：每一天，气球的运动都会使他想起小Daisy。根据后文"of the balloon reminded him of little Daisy"可知气球的移动会使他想起小Daisy。故选C。
（6）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.eagerly急切地；B.proudly自豪地；C.bravely勇敢地；D.sadly悲伤地。句意：于是，他写了一封信，把信装在一张生日贺卡里，勇敢地把它和一本书一起寄了出去。根据后文"mailed it with a book."可知，Wade勇敢地把东西寄了出去。故选C。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.prize奖励；B.package包裏；C.note笔记；D.news新闻。句意：包裹在Daisy生日的前两天到达。呼应上文"mailed it with a book."指包裹到达Daisy手里。故选B。
（8）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.froze冻结；B.raced比赛，加速；C.sank下沉；D.broke打破。句意：当她打开信封时，发现了一张卡片上面写着 ："送给亲爱的女.....她的心狂跳起来。根据上文"For a Dear Daughter..."可知Daisy看到信的开头，以为是父亲，所以心跳加速。故选B。
（9）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期待；B.decided决定；C.promised承诺；D.happened碰巧。句意：我碰巧看到了你的便条，为你感到难过。根据第一段的描述，可知Wade是无意中发现Daisy的便条的，happen to表示"碰巧"。故选D。
（10）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.saving拯救；B.praising赞美；C.blessing祝福；D.changing改变。句意：他非常爱你，并将永远祝福你。根据上文"He loves you very much and will always be"可知Daisy的父亲会永远爱她，并祝福她。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Wade MacKinnon捡到了小女孩Daisy给去世的父亲的便条，于是给Daisy回了一张生日贺卡里，并把它和一本书一起寄了出去。Daisy收到后非常感动。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。作出正确的选择。
11.【答案】【小题1】is affecting
【小题2】to limit
【小题3】who
【解析】（1）is affecting.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，手机的过度使用正在影响年轻人的健康。分析句子，横线处应填谓语动词，再根据now可判断时态应用现在进行时，主语overuse为第三人称单数，且与谓语affect为主动关系。故填is affecting。
（2）to limit.考查动词不定式。句意：2018年，我国出台了限制游戏业的规定。分析句子可知，横线处考查非谓语结构形式，再根据句意可知，这里应填to limit作目的状语。故填to limit。
（3）who.考查定语从句。句意：第二年，政府宣布禁止18岁以下的青少年在工作日玩游戏90分钟，周末和节假日玩游戏3小时。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为under-18s,在从句中作主语，所以应填who。故填who。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解手机对学生视力的影响以及国家对这现象采取的措施。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
12.【答案】【小题1】clearly
【小题2】moving
【小题3】developed
【解析】（1）clearly.考查副词。句意：徐悲鸿用黑色墨水清楚地画出了马鬃及马尾部运动着的鬃毛。空格处用副词，修饰动词drew,clear的副词是clearly,意为"清楚地"，故填clearly。
（2）moving.考查现在分词。句意：徐悲鸿用黑色墨水清楚地画出了马鬃及马尾部运动着的鬃毛。空处修饰名词hair,move"移动；运动"是不及物动词，hair与move之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，表示主动和正在进行的动作，意为"正在运动着的"，故填moving。
（3）developed.考查动词时态。句意：他发展了诗画结合的传统，促进了中国民间艺术的发展。and连接并列的谓语动词，前后时态应保持一致，由后面的promoted可知，句子用了一般过去时，因此空格处填过去式developed。故填developed。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是徐悲鸿的作品《赛马》及他对绘画的贡献。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
13.【答案】【小题1】written
【小题2】had enjoyed
【小题3】When
【小题4】in
【解析】（1）written.考查过去分词。句意：贝多芬是世界著名的音乐家，在他非凡的一生中创作了大量的作品。此处为with的复合结构，works与write构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填written。
（2）had enjoyed.考查时态。句意：在他十几岁的时候，他已经享有杰出年轻音乐家的声誉。根据上文"By the time he was a teenager"可知表示"过去的过去"应用过去完成时。故填had enjoyed。
（3）When.考查时间状语从句。句意：然而，当像莫扎特这样的重要音乐家注意到他的才能时，他的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。引导时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"应用when。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When。
（4）in.考查介词。句意：他在快30岁的时候开始失去听力。结合句意表示"在某人快30岁时"短语为in one's late twenties。故填in。
这是一篇说明文。贝多芬是世界著名的音乐家，在他非凡的一生中创作了大量的作品。作为一个天才的孩子，贝多芬在父亲的督促下日夜学习音乐。不久之后，他的钢琴表演开始受到人们的欣赏。在他十几岁的时候，他已经享有杰出年轻音乐家的声誉。当一些重要的音乐家如莫扎特注意到他的才能时，他的生活却发生了急剧的转变。他在快30岁的时候开始失去听力。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
14~16.【答案】D、C、D
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段的Our technology with integrated sensors and vibration（震动）is good for your practice at home and wherever you go.（我们的集成传感器和振动技术有利于您在家和任何地方的练习。）可知，Wearable X采用的技术是集成传感器和振动技术，故选D。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四段的The audio instructions are paired with gentle vibrations to give you clues where to focus and let you know if you have made it into the pose at the end of each pose.（音频指示与轻柔的振动相结合，给你线索，让你知道要注意哪里和在每个姿势结束时让你知道你是否做到位了。）可知，振动的强度会影响姿态的准确性。故选C。
（3）D.文章体裁题。根据最后一段Click HERE to complete your order with the Wearable X for just ＄249 with a 14-day return guarantee.（点击这里完成您的Wearable X的订单，只需249美元，14天的退货保证。）可知，本文是网上的广告。结合选项A.A personal blog.个人博客；B.A scientific essay.科学论文；C.A news interview.新闻采访；D.A website advertisement.一则网站广告。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是一种新的瑜伽裤----Wearable X。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
17~20.【答案】A、D、C、D
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段But then I heard the announcement, "It seems we have overbooked the flight.Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours？"And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer（但随后我听到广播说："我们的航班似乎超额预定了。"有人愿意为4小时后起飞的飞机留下来吗？门口的服务员正焦急地等着有人来做志愿者。）可知，机场广播通知乘客，这个航班因预定人数过多，希望有人自愿放弃乘坐这个航班，改签下一个航班。故选A项。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第三段I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work,moms needing to meet their kids,kids needing to see their friends.Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone,something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.（我环顾四周，看到商人们需要工作，妈妈们需要见孩子，孩子们需要见朋友。尽管我和其他人一样想回家，但我内心深处有个声音告诉我，我应该向这群陌生人表达一些善意。）可知，作者考虑到其他乘客的需求，主动表示善意，愿意乘坐下一个航班，让其他乘客能如愿登机。故选D项。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第五段I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours.I rescheduled that important call.And then I got a lot of work done,which was a wonderful silver lining.（我到了新登机口，坐在电源插座旁边，这样我的笔记本电脑就能撑过这额外的四个小时。我重新安排了那个重要的电话。然后我完成了很多工作，这是很好的一线希望。）可知，作者在机场的四个小时中，干完了好多工作，重新安排了电话时间，根据"a silver lining"可推断，作者认为这4个小时中工作效率不错，整体上是令他满意的。故选C项。
（4）D.标题归纳题。通读全文，以及最后一段第二句开始I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened,and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness.I gave with the intention to serve others,with no thought of reward,and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade（我想到我是多么感激所发生的一切，这一切都是因为善良的连锁效应。我的付出是为了服务他人，而不是为了回报，而回报给我的是一种令人惊讶的提升。）可推断，本文与kindness有关，D项"Kindness Gives Back"，意为"普良回馈"，与文章主题贴切。故选D项。
本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者乘坐的航班，因超额预定，需要有人自愿改签下一个航班，作者主动表示善意，让其他乘客能如愿登机，在滞留机场的4个小时中，作者高效率完成了很多工作，而这次主动改签，他不但收到了航空公司送的代金券，还坐上了头等舱。小小的普举产生"了连锁效应，作者得到了大大的回报。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
21~23.【答案】B、C、C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段A robot the size of a large bulldozer moves along the bottom of the deep sea.（一个大型推土机大小的机器人沿着深海底部移动）和This is a mining operation.The rock contains a mixture of metals,including ones called rare earth metals.（这是一个采矿作业。这种岩石含有多种金属，其中包括一种叫做稀土金属的金属）可知，深海采矿作业是为了获得稀土金属。故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。由文章第三段But they disturbed the mud,just as a mining operation would.The cloud of mud fell back down over the ocean floor burying creatures living there.Up to now,the area they disturbed has not recovered.Signs of the search are still there.Deep sea creatures like sponges and corals have not moved back in.That means mining could have harmful,long-lasting consequences for deep ocean life.Scientists want to understand the deep sea better before disturbing it（但他们扰乱了泥浆，就像采矿作业一样。泥云落在海底，埋葬了生活在那里的生物。到目前为止，他们扰乱的地区还没有恢复。搜寻的迹象仍然存在。海绵和珊瑚等深海生物还没有搬回来。这意味着采矿可能对深海生物产生有害的、长期的后果。科学家希望在干扰深海之前更好地了解它。）可知，海底采矿会影响海洋生态系统。故选C。
（3）C.观点态度题。由文章最后一段Leaving the deep sea alone sounds great,but people need those metals."Mines on land are soon going to run out,"geologist Steven Scolt of the University of Toronto told Smithsonian Magazine.""Every electronic device in the world has rare earth metals in it..we need raw resources."（离开深海听起来很棒，但人们需要这些金属。多伦多大学的地质学家史蒂文斯考特告诉史密森尼杂志："陆地上的矿很快就会耗尽。世界上每一个电子设备都含有稀土金属…我们需要原材料。"）可知，他对海底采矿是支持的。A.Doubtful怀疑的；B.Neutral中立的；C.Supportive支持的；D.Disapproving不赞成的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了深海采矿作业给海洋环境带来的危害和必要性。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
24~27.【答案】D、B、D、C
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第二段首句Foremost among the teen brain's features is its ability to change in response to the environment by adjusting the communication networks that connect brain regions.（青少年大脑最重要的特征之一是，它能够通过调整连接大脑区域的通讯网络，对环境做出反应。）可知，青少年大脑和成人不同主要在于对环境做出反应，青少年大脑具有易变性。故选D。
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词上文This special plasticity,is a double-edged sword.It allows teenagers to make enormous progress in thinking and socialization.（这种特殊的可塑性，是一把双刃剑。它让青少年在思考和社会化方面取得巨大进步。）可知，这是一把双刃剑，前一句讲这种可塑性对青少年好的方面，下一句应讲对青少年不好的方面，由后文dangerous behaviors and serious mental disorders.（危险行为和严重精神障碍）再结合选项可知，但这也使他们对危险行为和严重精神障碍"很敏感"，容易受到的影响。A.Safe.安全的；B.Sensitive.敏感的；C.Hesitant.迟疑的；D.Resistant.抵抗的。故选B。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据第三段The most recent study indicates that the riskiest behaviors arise from a mismatch between the maturation（成熟）of networks in the limbic system（大脑边缘系统），which drives emotions and strengthens at adolescence,and the maturation of networks in the prefrontal cortex（前额皮质），which occurs later and promotes sound judgment and the control of impulses（冲动）. （最近的研究表明，最危险的行为来自边缘系统网络的成熟与前额叶皮质网络的成熟之间的不匹配。边缘系统在青春期驱动情绪并增强，而促进正确的判断和对冲动的控制前额叶皮质网络成熟较晚。）可知，这些危险行为主要是因为来自边缘系统网络的成熟与前额叶皮质网络的成熟之间的不匹配，前额叶皮质网络成熟较晚，所以推断是大脑两个区域的发展速度不一致。故选D。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Understanding that,and knowing that a widening gap between the development of emotional and judgment networks is happening in young people today,can help parents,teachers,and teenagers themselves.People will better see that behaviors such as risk taking,and turning away from parents and toward peers are not signs of cognitive（认知的）or emotional problems.（了解这一点，并知道如今年轻人的情绪和判断网络发展之间的差距正在扩大，可以帮助家长、老师和青少年自己。人们会更好地看到，诸如冒险、远离父母和同龄人等行为并不是认知或情绪问题的迹象。）以及最后一段首句The same understanding can also help adults decide when to intervene and help.（同样的理解也可以帮助成年人决定何时进行干预和帮助。）可知，这项研究可以帮助成人更能理解青少年的行为以及知道什么时候给他们帮助。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于青少年大脑是否有缺陷这个问题，科学家们认为以前的说法是错误的。了解更多独特的青少年大脑将有助于我们所有人学会如何区分与年龄有关的不寻常行为。这种意识可以帮助社会减少青少年上瘾、车祸和抑郁症的发生率。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
28~32.【答案】D、G、C、E、F
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据上文The fifth generation technology of cellular data or 5 G，promises to bring lightning-fast data connection speeds.Much faster than Internet connections currently offered in many homes.（第五代蜂窝数据技术有望带来闪电般的数据连接速度。比目前许多家庭提供的互联网连接快得多。）以及后文However,not everyone is excited about 5 G service.（然而，并不是所有人都对5 G服务感到兴奋。）可知，本句与上文并列，旨在说明5 G的好处：使许多技术发生革命。故D选项"高速服务有可能使许多技术发生革命"符合语境。故选D。
（2）G.推理判断题。根据后文There are even protests aimed at slowing down or even stopping companies from installing the equipment necessary for 5 G service.Why are people so worried？（甚至出现了旨在减缓甚至阻止企业安装5 G服务所需设备的抗议。为什么人们如此担心？）可知，后文提到了人们因为担心而阻止企业安装5 G服务所需设备，G选项中worry对应后文中worried。故G选项"一些人担心5 G背后的技术可能会带来严重的健康风险"符合语境。故选G。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据上文To understand the possible health risks of 5 G，it is important to understand how the new service sets apart from existing 3 G and 4 G.（要了解5 G可能带来的健康风险，重要的是要了解新服务与现有3 G和4 G的区别。）以及后文5 G uses a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum.The signals have short wavelengths measured in millimeters called millimeter waves.Millimeter waves are perfect for high-speed data but small transmitters and antennas must put up everywhere to ensure good connections.This presents a cause for concern.（ 5 G使用的是不同的电磁频谱。这些信号的波长很短，以毫米为单位，称为毫米波。毫米波非常适合高速数据传输，但必须在所有地方安装小型发射机和天线，以确保良好的连接。这引起了人们的关注。）可知，本句旨在说明5 G与现有3 G和4 G的区别在于信号的频率，故C选项"主要的区别是传输数据的信号的新频率"符合语境。故选C。
（4）E.推理判断题。根据上文5 G service means new transmitters and antennas everywhere.Certainly,it will mean that the amount of electromagnetic radiation that people are exposed to will increase.Radiation exposure sounds dangerous,but it all depends on the type of radiation,the strength and the amount of time that people are exposed to.Sunlight is a type of radiation,and exposure for too long can cause a sunburn.（ 5 G服务意味着新的发射机和天线无处不在。当然，这将意味着人们暴露在电磁辐射中的数量将增加。辐射听起来很危险，但这完全取决于辐射的类型、强度和人们暴露在辐射中的时间。阳光是一种辐射，长时间暴露在阳光下会导致晒伤。）可知，上文提到了长时间接触阳光也导致晒伤，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明其后果。故E选项"长时间反复接触也会导致患皮肤癌的可能性"符合语境。故选E。
（5）F.推理判断题。根据上文Many studies have been done to explore whether low-level exposure to radio waves,microwaves,or millimeter waves has negative health effects.So far,there is no conclusive evidence.（已经做了许多研究来探索低水平暴露在无线电波、微波或毫米波下是否会对健康产生负面影响。到目前为止，还没有确凿的证据。）可知，上文提到没有确凿证据证明会对健康产生负面，即论述5 G对人体会不会造成健康风险的问题。故F选项"只要生产商遵守安全法规，5 G应该不会造成健康风险"符合语境。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了5 G技术是否对人体健康造成影响的问题。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
33.【答案】【小题1】Because it offers many opportunities.
【小题2】The value of liberal arts in human civilization lies in the fact that it leaves a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire.
【小题3】Steve Jobs concluded that technology contributed to Apple's success,but liberal arts .Because it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing.
【小题4】I will choose science majors in college,because it offers many opportunities and enables me to find a good job after graduation.If I choose liberal arts majors,it is possible that I won't find jobs.
【解析】（1）Because it offers many opportunities.细节理解题。根据第二段Science majors,such as technology,engineering,math,are considered to be more practical choices because of the wealth of opportunities（科学专业，如技术、工程、数学，被认为是更实际的选择，因为机会丰富）可知，学生在大学选择专业时，科学更有吸引力是因为它提供了很多机会，即Because it offers many opportunities。故答案为Because it offers many opportunities。
（2）The value of liberal arts in human civilization lies in the fact that it leaves a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire.细节理解题。根据第三段To Simon Schama,one of the presenters,human civilization isn't just about technology,but about liberal arts or creating things to leave a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire.（对主持人之一Simon Schama来说，人类文明不仅与技术有关，还与人文艺术或创造东西有关，这些东西能留下一个人的存在印记，供未来的人类见证和欣赏）可知，西蒙•沙玛认为，人文学科在人类文明中的价值是这些东西能留下一个人的存在印记，供未来的人类见证和欣赏，答案为"The value of liberal arts in human civilization lies in the fact that it leaves a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire"，故答案为The value of liberal arts in human civilization lies in the fact that it leaves a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire。
（3）Steve Jobs concluded that technology contributed to Apple's success,but liberal arts .Because it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing.细节理解题。根据最后一段It's in Apple's DNA that technology alone is not enough—it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing.（在苹果的DNA中，只有技术是不够的，只有技术与人文艺术结合，才能让我们的心歌唱）可知，Steve Jobs的意思是技术和人文艺术要结合，而没有说谁比谁更重要，因此错误的部分是"played a more important role"。故答案为Steve Jobs concluded that technology contributed to Apple's success,but liberal arts 。Because it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing.
（4）I will choose science majors in college,because it offers many opportunities and enables me to find a good job after graduation.If I choose liberal arts majors,it is possible that I won't find jobs.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段Science majors,such as technology,engineering,math,are considered to be more practical choices because of the wealth of opportunities,while those who choose a liberal arts （文科） major—language,music,philosophy—may have more difficulty finding a job.（科学专业，如技术、工程、数学，被认为是更实际的选择，因为机会丰富，而那些选择文科专业（语言、音乐、哲学）的人可能更难找到工作）及个人想法可知，在大学我会选择科学专业，因为它提供了很多机会，能让我在毕业后找到一份好工作。如果我选择文科专业，有可能找不到工作，故答案为I will choose science majors in college,because it offers many opportunities and enables me to find a good job after graduation.If I choose liberal arts majors,it is possible that I won't find jobs。
本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是人文学科的潜在价值。
阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。做题时，注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数。
34.【答案】Dir Sir/ Madam,
I have heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the Winter Olympic Games to be held in 2022.【高分句型一】So I am writing to apply to be one of the volunteers.（写信目的）
I am Li Hua,an 18-year-old boy who is built up by doing sports regularly in my spare time.I love sports so much that I can devote all my energies to serving the game.Besides,with a very good command of English,I can speak the language fluently,which makes me more qualified to help foreigners.Meanwhile,not only do I have the ability to organize activities,but also I am outgoing and energetic,which benefits me in communicating with strangers.【高分句型二】Everything taken into account,I think I am a good fit for the position.I would appreciate it if you could consider my application and bffer me the opportunity at your convenience.（个人优势）
Looking forward to being a volunteer.（希望批准）
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
I have heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the Winter Olympic Games to be held in 2022.
翻译：我听说你们正在为2022年的冬奥会招募志愿者。
分析：句子里，that引导同位语从句you are recruiting volunteers for the Winter Olympic Games to be held in 2022。
高分句型二
Meanwhile,not only do I have the ability to organize activities,but also I am outgoing and energetic,which benefits me in communicating with strangers.
翻译：同时，我不仅有组织活动的能力，而且性格开朗，精力充沛，这有利于我与陌生人交流。
分析：句子里，否定词not only位于句首，句子do I have the ability to organize activities用部分倒装；关系词which引导非限制性定语从句benefits me in communicating with strangers。
写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。
2022年北京市通州区高考英语一模试卷
On a cold November morning.Wade MacKinnon hiked around Mermaid Lake.In the(1)on the shoreline,something moved slightly and caught his eye.(2)，he approached to find a balloon stuck in the branches of a bayberry bush.When he untied the string,he found a piece of paper at the end of it which read,
"Dear daddy.
I've been missing you so much since you passed away.November 29 is my 10th birthday,but I will never receive your greetings...
Daisy"
It finished with a mailing address,almost 3，000 miles away.With tears in his eyes,Wade thought, "Such a young girl having to deal with(3).It's awful!"
When back home,Wade placed the note in a drawer and(4)the balloon to the window of his room.Every day,the(5)of the balloon reminded him of little Daisy.
As the end of November was drawing nearer,Wade found himself thinking more and more about the poor girl.So he wrote a letter,put it into a birthday card and(6)mailed it with a book.
The(7)arrived just two days before Daisy's birthday.When she opened it and found the card,"For a Dear Daughter..."，her heart(8).
"Happy birthday!I(9)to read your note,and feel sorry for you.I'm sure your daddy would want you to be happy.He loves you very much and will always be(10)you." Tears began to roll down Daisy's cheeks.
1. A. sands B. bushes C. hills D. rocks
2. A. Curious B. Anxious C. Serious D. Nervous
3. A. anger B. failure C. mystery D. death
4. A. caught B. presented C. attached D. related
5. A. image B. color C. movement D. sight
6. A. eagerly B. proudly C. bravely D. sadly
7. A. prize B. package C. note D. news
8. A. froze B. raced C. sank D. broke
9. A. expected B. decided C. promised D. happened
10. A. saving B. praising C. blessing D. changing
11. Mobile phones have been banned in schools in order to protect students eyesight and prevent them from becoming addicted to the Internet and online games.Now the overuse of mobile phones (1) （affect） the health of young people.There have been rising levels of shortsightedness among school children.In 2018，our country put forward the rules (2) （limit） the gaming industry.The following year,a ban was announced on under-18s, (3) were limited to 90 minutes of gaming on weekdays and 3 hours on weekends and holidays.
(1)
(2)
(3)
12. Racing Horse,created by Xu Beihong,is one of the most well-known works in modern Chinese folk art.Across the painting,we can see a horse running at a high speed like a missile across the sky.Xu Beihong (1) （clear）drew in black ink to show the (2) （move） hair on the horse's mane and tail.He (3) （develop） the tradition of combining poetry with painting and promoted the Chinese folk art.The painting of dark and light colors is a favorite of many art lovers.
(1)
(2)
(3)
13. Beethoven is a world-famous musician with a vast body of works (1) （write）throughout his remarkable life.As a gifted child,Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music day and night.Not long after,he began to be appreciated for his piano performances.By the time he was a teenager,he (2) （enjoy）a reputation as a wonderful young musician. (3) some important musicians like Mozart noticed his talents,his life,however,took a sharp turn.He started to lose his hearing (4) his late twenties.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
E
Tech-Enabled Yoga Pants - The Wearable X The Yoga pants Wearable X lets you practice yoga on your own terms.Our technology with integrated sensors and vibration（震动）is good for your practice at home and wherever you go.
The pulse（脉冲）clips into the pants behind the left knee and contains a 370 mAh battery to ensure you don't run out of power during your practice.
The Wearable X uses Bluetooth Low Energy to connect to your smartphone.To activate the pulse,double tap the surface of the pants until you see a blinking white light.
Our new app lets you choose between different exercises according to your preferences on your phone.The audio instructions are paired with gentle vibrations to give you clues where to focus and let you know if you have made it into the pose at the end of each pose.Once you have set your vibrations strength,you can place the phone next to your yoga mat during your session.
To wash,either put on hand wash or a gentle cycle after removing the pulse.The Wearable X allows tumble dry（甩干）.Make sure it is dry before clipping the pulse back on.
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Click HERE to complete your order with the Wearable X for just ＄249 with a 14-day return guarantee.
14. What technology is used in the Wearable X？ ______
A. The tumble dry.
B. The video guide.
C. The waterproof surface.
D. The integrated sensors and vibration.
15. The strength of the vibration can affect ______ .
A. the life of the battery
B. the time for practice
C. the accuracy of the poses
D. the connection to the Bluetooth
16. What is the type of the article？ ______
A. A personal blog. B. A scientific essay.
C. A news interview. D. A website advertisement.
F
I had a quick short stay in Detroit Airport before heading home.Knowing my gate number,I got there with 5 minutes to spare and stood waiting for "Gate 3" to be called.
I was already very tired and had an important call scheduled for an hour after I was set to get home.But then I heard the announcement,"It seems we have overbooked the flight.Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours？" And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer.
I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work,moms needing to meet their kids,kids needing to see their friends.Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone,something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.
I picked up my bag,approached the desk,and told the gate attendant my decision.Smile spread on the face of her.As she was processing my ticket,I was happy to see all the other passengers could now board their flight and I had been able to help.The attendant handed me my boarding pass for the later flight and another piece of paper,then said,"This is for your kindness." I saw that it was a 700-dollar voucher to fly anywhere in the world during the next year!
I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours.I rescheduled that important call.And then I got a lot of work done,which was a wonderful silver lining.
When my flight started boarding,I was surprised to discover that my new boarding pass was for a seat in first class.I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened,and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness.I gave with the intention to serve others,with no thought of reward,and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade.
17. The airport announcement was made to ______ .
A. ask someone to take next flight
B. give information about a delayed flight
C. inform that the flight was about to take off
D. tell passengers the flight had been cancelled
18. What made the author off or to volunteer？ ______
A. A reward of 700 dollars
B. An offer of first-class seat.
C. The request of the attendant.
D. His concern about other passengers.
19. How did the author think about his extra 4-hour stay at the airport？ ______
A. Boring but productive. B. Challenging but acceptable.
C. Satisfying and efficient. D. Relaxing and worthwhile.
20. What is the best title of the passage？ ______
A. Every Effort Counts B. Time Is Treasure
C. Patience Is Appreciated D. Kindness Gives Back
G
Deep Sea：To Mine Or Not To Mine A robot as large as a truck moves along the bottom of the deep sea.It eats metallic（含金属的）rock and soft mud.They travel up a long pipe to a ship,where workers and machinery separate out the rock and throw the mud back into the ocean.This is a mining operation.The rock contains a mixture of metals,including ones called rare earth metals.People use these materials to make batteries and electronics like computers and phones.
Deep-sea mining hasn't happened yet.But it probably will occur within the next decade.No country owns any part of the deep sea,so a UN organization called the International Seabed Authority（ISA）decides who is allowed to mine there.It has allowed 29 organizations to explore the deep sea and make plans for mining,one of which plans to begin mining in the year 2027.
Scientists and environmentalists,though,warn that mining could destroy deep-sea ecosystem.In 1989，ecologist Hjalmar Thiel carried out a test.His team searched the seafloor of the Pacific Ocean,in a spot with lots of the metallic rocks that miners wanted.They didn't actually collect any of the rocks.But they disturbed the mud,just as a mining operation would.The cloud of mud fell back down over the ocean floor burying creatures living there.Up to now,the area they disturbed has not recovered.Signs of the search are still there.Deep sea creatures like sponges and corals have not moved back in.That means mining could have harmful,long-lasting consequences for deep ocean life.Scientists want to understand the deep sea better before disturbing it.
Leaving the deep sea alone sounds great,but people need those metals. "Mines on land are soon going to run out," geologist Steven Scolt of the University of Toronto told Smithsonian Magazine. "Every electronic device in the world has rare earth metals in it...we need raw resources." New energy technologies including solar and wind power and electric cars rely on these metals as well.We may need to mine them from the sea in order to switch to greener energy sources.
21. According to the passage,why do people want to carry out deep sea mining？ ______
A. To test the mining robot.
B. To collect rare earth metals.
C. To separate the rock from mud.
D. To understand the deep sea better.
22. What can we infer from the test of Hjalmar Thiel in 1989？ ______
A. They gathered some metallic rocks the miners wanted.
B. They helped the recovery of the disturbed mining areas.
C. They discovered the deep-sea mining affected the ocean ecology.
D. They found the rare metallic rocks were harmful to sea creatures.
23. What is Steven Scolt's attitude towards deep-sea mining？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Supportive. D. Disapproving.
H
Neuroscientists have explained the risky or aggressive behavior of teenagers as the product of a brain that is somehow damaged.A groundbreaking research in the past 10 years,however,shows that this view is wrong.The teen brain is not defective（有缺陷的）.It is not a half-baked adult brain,either.It has developed to function differently from that of a child or an adult.
Foremost among the teen brain's features is its ability to change in response to the environment by adjusting the communication networks that connect brain regions.This special plasticity,is a double-edged sword.It allows teenagers to make enormous progress in thinking and socialization.But it also makes them to dangerous behaviors and serious mental disorders.
The most recent study indicates that the riskiest behaviors arise from a mismatch between the maturation（成熟）of networks in the limbic system（大脑边缘系统），which drives emotions and strengthens at adolescence,and the maturation of networks in the prefrontal cortex（前额皮质），which occurs later and promotes sound judgment and the control of impulses（冲动）.Indeed,we now know that the prefrontal cortex continues to change until well into a person's 20s.And yet adolescence seems to be starting earlier,extending the "mismatch years."
The changeability of networks linking brain regions and not the growth of those regions-is key to eventually behaving like an adult.Understanding that,and knowing that a widening gap between the development of emotional and judgment networks is happening in young people today,can help parents,teachers,and teenagers themselves.People will better see that behaviors such as risk taking,and turning away from parents and toward peers are not signs of cognitive（认知的）or emotional problems.They are a natural result of brain development,a normal part of adolescents learning how to negotiate a complex world.
The same understanding can also help adults decide when to intervene and help.A 15-year-old girl's departure from her parents' tastes in clothing or music may be a source of sadness for Mom and Dad,but does not indicate mental illness.A 16-year-old boy's interest to skateboard without a helmet is more likely a result of short-range thinking and peer pressure than a desire to hurt himself.Other exploratory and aggressive actions might be warnings however.Knowing more about the unique teen brain will help all of us learn how to separate unusual behavior that is age-appropriate from that which might indicate illness.Such awareness could help society reduce teen problems.
24. The difference between the teen's brain and that of an adult is its ______ .
A. disorder B. weakness C. maturation D. changeability
25. What does the underlined word "susceptible" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ ______
A. Safe. B. Sensitive. C. Hesitant. D. Resistant.
26. According to the most recent study,teens' riskiest behaviors arise because ______ .
A. their brains are somehow damaged
B. their emotions strengthen at adolescence
C. the prefrontal cortex fails to control impulses
D. two brain regions don't develop at the same pace
27. What is the significance of the research？ ______
A. It provides effective solutions to teens' mental problems.
B. It highlights the functions of different brain regions of teens.
C. It helps adults to analyze teens' behaviors and offer help.
D. It intends to prevent teenagers from risky and aggressive behaviors.
Your Health and 5 G The fifth generation technology of cellular data or 5 G，promises to bring lightning-fast data connection speeds.Much faster than Internet connections currently offered in many homes. (1) However,not everyone is excited about 5 G service.
(2) There are even protests aimed at slowing down or even stopping companies from installing the equipment necessary for 5 G service.Why are people so worried？
To understand the possible health risks of 5 G，it is important to understand how the new service sets apart from existing 3 G and 4 G. (3) 5 G uses a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum.The signals have short wavelengths measured in millimeters called millimeter waves.Millimeter waves are perfect for high-speed data but small transmitters and antennas must put up everywhere to ensure good connections.This presents a cause for concern.
5 G service means new transmitters and antennas everywhere.Certainly,it will mean that the amount of electromagnetic radiation that people are exposed to will increase.Radiation exposure sounds dangerous,but it all depends on the type of radiation,the strength and the amount of time that people are exposed to.Sunlight is a type of radiation,and exposure for too long can cause a sunburn. (4)
Many studies have been done to explore whether low-level exposure to radio waves,microwaves,or millimeter waves has negative health effects.So far,there is no conclusive evidence. (5) However,scientists will continue to study the long-term effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation.
A.It's important to consider risks when using 5 G.
B.Will this new technology bring new health risks？
C.The main difference is the new frequency of the signals to transmit data.
D.High-speed service has the potential to revolutionize many technologies.
E.Repeated exposure over time can also lead to the likeliness of skin cancer.
F.As long as producers follow safety regulations,5 G should not cause a health risk.
G.Some people worry that the technology behind 5 G might present serious health risks.
28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
33. Liberal Arts' Hidden Value If you have to pick one,who do you think made greater contributions to the world：physicist Isaac Newton or philosopher Aristotle？
Chances are that you'd find it hard to make a decision.But when choosing a major in college,the line between the two areas couldn't be clearer.Science majors,such as technology,engineering,math,are considered to be more practical choices because of the wealth of opportunities,while those who choose a liberal arts （文科） major-language,music,philosophy-may have more difficulty finding a job.
But perhaps we should look at liberal arts studies in another way to understand its value.In the documentary Civilizations,for example,presenters（主持人）take us to 31 countries to appreciate human creativity,such as the Great Wall and the Pyramids.To Simon Schama,one of the presenters,human civilization isn't just about technology,but about liberal arts or creating things to leave a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire.
By comparing science and liberal arts,we're drawing "an artificial line" between the two,said Loretta Jackson,an associate professor at Rhodes College in Memphis,US.And to some of the greatest innovators（革新者）in history,this line never existed.Leonardo da Vinci,for example,was an outstanding scientist and painter.He was so interested in biology and anatomy（解剖学）that he drew the famous Vitruvian Man,which perfectly shows proportions（比例）of the human body.Then there's Steve Jobs,who is an engineer and also an artist.He summarized the relationship between science and arts："It's in Apple's DNA that technology alone is not enough-it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing."
(1) Why is science more attractive when students choose a major in college？ ______
(2) According to Simon Schama,what is the value of liberal arts in human civilization？ ______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. ______
►Steve Jobs concluded that technology contributed to Apple's success,but liberal arts played a more important role.
(4) What major will you choose in college？Explain your reasons. （In about 40 words） ______
第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会将于2022年2月在中国举行，现面向社会招募志愿者。假如你是李华，请根据自己的情况写一封英文申请信。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势（如爱好、性格、能力等优势）；
3.希望批准。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
__________
Yours,
Li Hua答案和解析
1~10.【答案】B、A、D、C、C、C、B、B、D、C
【解析】（1）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.sands沙滩；B.bushes灌木丛；C.hills山丘；D.rocks岩石。句意：在海岸线上的灌木丛中，有什么东西在微微移动，引起了他的注意。根据后文"a balloon stuck in the branches of a bayberry bush."可知是在灌木丛发现的气球。故选B。
（2）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.Curious好奇的；B.Anxious焦虑的；C.Serious严肃的；D.Nervous紧张的。句意：他好奇地走过去，发现一个气球卡在杨梅树丛的树枝上。根据后文"he approached to find a balloon stuck in the branches of a bayberry bush"可知Wade是处于好奇走过去的。故选A。
（3）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.anger愤怒；B.failure失败；C.mystery神秘；D.death死亡。句意：这么年轻的女孩要面对死亡。根据上文"I've been missing you so much since you passed away."可知女孩要面对父亲去世。故选D。
（4）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.caught抓住；B.presented呈现；C.attached贴上，系；D.related有关。句意：回到家后，韦德把纸条放在抽屉里，把气球系在他房间的窗户上。根据后文"the balloon to the window of his room"指把气球系在他房间的窗户上。故选C。
（5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.image图像；B.color颜色；C.movement移动；D.sight视力。句意：每一天，气球的运动都会使他想起小Daisy。根据后文"of the balloon reminded him of little Daisy"可知气球的移动会使他想起小Daisy。故选C。
（6）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.eagerly急切地；B.proudly自豪地；C.bravely勇敢地；D.sadly悲伤地。句意：于是，他写了一封信，把信装在一张生日贺卡里，勇敢地把它和一本书一起寄了出去。根据后文"mailed it with a book."可知，Wade勇敢地把东西寄了出去。故选C。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.prize奖励；B.package包裏；C.note笔记；D.news新闻。句意：包裹在Daisy生日的前两天到达。呼应上文"mailed it with a book."指包裹到达Daisy手里。故选B。
（8）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.froze冻结；B.raced比赛，加速；C.sank下沉；D.broke打破。句意：当她打开信封时，发现了一张卡片上面写着 ："送给亲爱的女.....她的心狂跳起来。根据上文"For a Dear Daughter..."可知Daisy看到信的开头，以为是父亲，所以心跳加速。故选B。
（9）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期待；B.decided决定；C.promised承诺；D.happened碰巧。句意：我碰巧看到了你的便条，为你感到难过。根据第一段的描述，可知Wade是无意中发现Daisy的便条的，happen to表示"碰巧"。故选D。
（10）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.saving拯救；B.praising赞美；C.blessing祝福；D.changing改变。句意：他非常爱你，并将永远祝福你。根据上文"He loves you very much and will always be"可知Daisy的父亲会永远爱她，并祝福她。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Wade MacKinnon捡到了小女孩Daisy给去世的父亲的便条，于是给Daisy回了一张生日贺卡里，并把它和一本书一起寄了出去。Daisy收到后非常感动。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。作出正确的选择。
11.【答案】【小题1】is affecting
【小题2】to limit
【小题3】who
【解析】（1）is affecting.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，手机的过度使用正在影响年轻人的健康。分析句子，横线处应填谓语动词，再根据now可判断时态应用现在进行时，主语overuse为第三人称单数，且与谓语affect为主动关系。故填is affecting。
（2）to limit.考查动词不定式。句意：2018年，我国出台了限制游戏业的规定。分析句子可知，横线处考查非谓语结构形式，再根据句意可知，这里应填to limit作目的状语。故填to limit。
（3）who.考查定语从句。句意：第二年，政府宣布禁止18岁以下的青少年在工作日玩游戏90分钟，周末和节假日玩游戏3小时。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为under-18s,在从句中作主语，所以应填who。故填who。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解手机对学生视力的影响以及国家对这现象采取的措施。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
12.【答案】【小题1】clearly
【小题2】moving
【小题3】developed
【解析】（1）clearly.考查副词。句意：徐悲鸿用黑色墨水清楚地画出了马鬃及马尾部运动着的鬃毛。空格处用副词，修饰动词drew,clear的副词是clearly,意为"清楚地"，故填clearly。
（2）moving.考查现在分词。句意：徐悲鸿用黑色墨水清楚地画出了马鬃及马尾部运动着的鬃毛。空处修饰名词hair,move"移动；运动"是不及物动词，hair与move之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，表示主动和正在进行的动作，意为"正在运动着的"，故填moving。
（3）developed.考查动词时态。句意：他发展了诗画结合的传统，促进了中国民间艺术的发展。and连接并列的谓语动词，前后时态应保持一致，由后面的promoted可知，句子用了一般过去时，因此空格处填过去式developed。故填developed。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是徐悲鸿的作品《赛马》及他对绘画的贡献。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
13.【答案】【小题1】written
【小题2】had enjoyed
【小题3】When
【小题4】in
【解析】（1）written.考查过去分词。句意：贝多芬是世界著名的音乐家，在他非凡的一生中创作了大量的作品。此处为with的复合结构，works与write构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填written。
（2）had enjoyed.考查时态。句意：在他十几岁的时候，他已经享有杰出年轻音乐家的声誉。根据上文"By the time he was a teenager"可知表示"过去的过去"应用过去完成时。故填had enjoyed。
（3）When.考查时间状语从句。句意：然而，当像莫扎特这样的重要音乐家注意到他的才能时，他的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。引导时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"应用when。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When。
（4）in.考查介词。句意：他在快30岁的时候开始失去听力。结合句意表示"在某人快30岁时"短语为in one's late twenties。故填in。
这是一篇说明文。贝多芬是世界著名的音乐家，在他非凡的一生中创作了大量的作品。作为一个天才的孩子，贝多芬在父亲的督促下日夜学习音乐。不久之后，他的钢琴表演开始受到人们的欣赏。在他十几岁的时候，他已经享有杰出年轻音乐家的声誉。当一些重要的音乐家如莫扎特注意到他的才能时，他的生活却发生了急剧的转变。他在快30岁的时候开始失去听力。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
14~16.【答案】D、C、D
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段的Our technology with integrated sensors and vibration（震动）is good for your practice at home and wherever you go.（我们的集成传感器和振动技术有利于您在家和任何地方的练习。）可知，Wearable X采用的技术是集成传感器和振动技术，故选D。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四段的The audio instructions are paired with gentle vibrations to give you clues where to focus and let you know if you have made it into the pose at the end of each pose.（音频指示与轻柔的振动相结合，给你线索，让你知道要注意哪里和在每个姿势结束时让你知道你是否做到位了。）可知，振动的强度会影响姿态的准确性。故选C。
（3）D.文章体裁题。根据最后一段Click HERE to complete your order with the Wearable X for just ＄249 with a 14-day return guarantee.（点击这里完成您的Wearable X的订单，只需249美元，14天的退货保证。）可知，本文是网上的广告。结合选项A.A personal blog.个人博客；B.A scientific essay.科学论文；C.A news interview.新闻采访；D.A website advertisement.一则网站广告。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是一种新的瑜伽裤----Wearable X。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
17~20.【答案】A、D、C、D
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段But then I heard the announcement, "It seems we have overbooked the flight.Would anyone care to volunteer to stay for the later departure in 4 hours？"And the gate attendant was anxiously waiting for someone to volunteer（但随后我听到广播说："我们的航班似乎超额预定了。"有人愿意为4小时后起飞的飞机留下来吗？门口的服务员正焦急地等着有人来做志愿者。）可知，机场广播通知乘客，这个航班因预定人数过多，希望有人自愿放弃乘坐这个航班，改签下一个航班。故选A项。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第三段I looked around and saw businessmen needing to work,moms needing to meet their kids,kids needing to see their friends.Even though I wanted to be home just as much as anyone,something inside me said that I should extend some kindness to this group of strangers.（我环顾四周，看到商人们需要工作，妈妈们需要见孩子，孩子们需要见朋友。尽管我和其他人一样想回家，但我内心深处有个声音告诉我，我应该向这群陌生人表达一些善意。）可知，作者考虑到其他乘客的需求，主动表示善意，愿意乘坐下一个航班，让其他乘客能如愿登机。故选D项。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第五段I got to my new gate and took a seat next to a power outlet so that my laptop would make it through the extra four hours.I rescheduled that important call.And then I got a lot of work done,which was a wonderful silver lining.（我到了新登机口，坐在电源插座旁边，这样我的笔记本电脑就能撑过这额外的四个小时。我重新安排了那个重要的电话。然后我完成了很多工作，这是很好的一线希望。）可知，作者在机场的四个小时中，干完了好多工作，重新安排了电话时间，根据"a silver lining"可推断，作者认为这4个小时中工作效率不错，整体上是令他满意的。故选C项。
（4）D.标题归纳题。通读全文，以及最后一段第二句开始I thought about how grateful I was for everything that had happened,and how it was all because of the chain effects of kindness.I gave with the intention to serve others,with no thought of reward,and that kindness was returned to me with an amazing upgrade（我想到我是多么感激所发生的一切，这一切都是因为善良的连锁效应。我的付出是为了服务他人，而不是为了回报，而回报给我的是一种令人惊讶的提升。）可推断，本文与kindness有关，D项"Kindness Gives Back"，意为"普良回馈"，与文章主题贴切。故选D项。
本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者乘坐的航班，因超额预定，需要有人自愿改签下一个航班，作者主动表示善意，让其他乘客能如愿登机，在滞留机场的4个小时中，作者高效率完成了很多工作，而这次主动改签，他不但收到了航空公司送的代金券，还坐上了头等舱。小小的普举产生"了连锁效应，作者得到了大大的回报。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
21~23.【答案】B、C、C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段A robot the size of a large bulldozer moves along the bottom of the deep sea.（一个大型推土机大小的机器人沿着深海底部移动）和This is a mining operation.The rock contains a mixture of metals,including ones called rare earth metals.（这是一个采矿作业。这种岩石含有多种金属，其中包括一种叫做稀土金属的金属）可知，深海采矿作业是为了获得稀土金属。故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。由文章第三段But they disturbed the mud,just as a mining operation would.The cloud of mud fell back down over the ocean floor burying creatures living there.Up to now,the area they disturbed has not recovered.Signs of the search are still there.Deep sea creatures like sponges and corals have not moved back in.That means mining could have harmful,long-lasting consequences for deep ocean life.Scientists want to understand the deep sea better before disturbing it（但他们扰乱了泥浆，就像采矿作业一样。泥云落在海底，埋葬了生活在那里的生物。到目前为止，他们扰乱的地区还没有恢复。搜寻的迹象仍然存在。海绵和珊瑚等深海生物还没有搬回来。这意味着采矿可能对深海生物产生有害的、长期的后果。科学家希望在干扰深海之前更好地了解它。）可知，海底采矿会影响海洋生态系统。故选C。
（3）C.观点态度题。由文章最后一段Leaving the deep sea alone sounds great,but people need those metals."Mines on land are soon going to run out,"geologist Steven Scolt of the University of Toronto told Smithsonian Magazine.""Every electronic device in the world has rare earth metals in it..we need raw resources."（离开深海听起来很棒，但人们需要这些金属。多伦多大学的地质学家史蒂文斯考特告诉史密森尼杂志："陆地上的矿很快就会耗尽。世界上每一个电子设备都含有稀土金属…我们需要原材料。"）可知，他对海底采矿是支持的。A.Doubtful怀疑的；B.Neutral中立的；C.Supportive支持的；D.Disapproving不赞成的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了深海采矿作业给海洋环境带来的危害和必要性。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
24~27.【答案】D、B、D、C
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第二段首句Foremost among the teen brain's features is its ability to change in response to the environment by adjusting the communication networks that connect brain regions.（青少年大脑最重要的特征之一是，它能够通过调整连接大脑区域的通讯网络，对环境做出反应。）可知，青少年大脑和成人不同主要在于对环境做出反应，青少年大脑具有易变性。故选D。
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词上文This special plasticity,is a double-edged sword.It allows teenagers to make enormous progress in thinking and socialization.（这种特殊的可塑性，是一把双刃剑。它让青少年在思考和社会化方面取得巨大进步。）可知，这是一把双刃剑，前一句讲这种可塑性对青少年好的方面，下一句应讲对青少年不好的方面，由后文dangerous behaviors and serious mental disorders.（危险行为和严重精神障碍）再结合选项可知，但这也使他们对危险行为和严重精神障碍"很敏感"，容易受到的影响。A.Safe.安全的；B.Sensitive.敏感的；C.Hesitant.迟疑的；D.Resistant.抵抗的。故选B。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据第三段The most recent study indicates that the riskiest behaviors arise from a mismatch between the maturation（成熟）of networks in the limbic system（大脑边缘系统），which drives emotions and strengthens at adolescence,and the maturation of networks in the prefrontal cortex（前额皮质），which occurs later and promotes sound judgment and the control of impulses（冲动）. （最近的研究表明，最危险的行为来自边缘系统网络的成熟与前额叶皮质网络的成熟之间的不匹配。边缘系统在青春期驱动情绪并增强，而促进正确的判断和对冲动的控制前额叶皮质网络成熟较晚。）可知，这些危险行为主要是因为来自边缘系统网络的成熟与前额叶皮质网络的成熟之间的不匹配，前额叶皮质网络成熟较晚，所以推断是大脑两个区域的发展速度不一致。故选D。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Understanding that,and knowing that a widening gap between the development of emotional and judgment networks is happening in young people today,can help parents,teachers,and teenagers themselves.People will better see that behaviors such as risk taking,and turning away from parents and toward peers are not signs of cognitive（认知的）or emotional problems.（了解这一点，并知道如今年轻人的情绪和判断网络发展之间的差距正在扩大，可以帮助家长、老师和青少年自己。人们会更好地看到，诸如冒险、远离父母和同龄人等行为并不是认知或情绪问题的迹象。）以及最后一段首句The same understanding can also help adults decide when to intervene and help.（同样的理解也可以帮助成年人决定何时进行干预和帮助。）可知，这项研究可以帮助成人更能理解青少年的行为以及知道什么时候给他们帮助。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于青少年大脑是否有缺陷这个问题，科学家们认为以前的说法是错误的。了解更多独特的青少年大脑将有助于我们所有人学会如何区分与年龄有关的不寻常行为。这种意识可以帮助社会减少青少年上瘾、车祸和抑郁症的发生率。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
28~32.【答案】D、G、C、E、F
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据上文The fifth generation technology of cellular data or 5 G，promises to bring lightning-fast data connection speeds.Much faster than Internet connections currently offered in many homes.（第五代蜂窝数据技术有望带来闪电般的数据连接速度。比目前许多家庭提供的互联网连接快得多。）以及后文However,not everyone is excited about 5 G service.（然而，并不是所有人都对5 G服务感到兴奋。）可知，本句与上文并列，旨在说明5 G的好处：使许多技术发生革命。故D选项"高速服务有可能使许多技术发生革命"符合语境。故选D。
（2）G.推理判断题。根据后文There are even protests aimed at slowing down or even stopping companies from installing the equipment necessary for 5 G service.Why are people so worried？（甚至出现了旨在减缓甚至阻止企业安装5 G服务所需设备的抗议。为什么人们如此担心？）可知，后文提到了人们因为担心而阻止企业安装5 G服务所需设备，G选项中worry对应后文中worried。故G选项"一些人担心5 G背后的技术可能会带来严重的健康风险"符合语境。故选G。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据上文To understand the possible health risks of 5 G，it is important to understand how the new service sets apart from existing 3 G and 4 G.（要了解5 G可能带来的健康风险，重要的是要了解新服务与现有3 G和4 G的区别。）以及后文5 G uses a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum.The signals have short wavelengths measured in millimeters called millimeter waves.Millimeter waves are perfect for high-speed data but small transmitters and antennas must put up everywhere to ensure good connections.This presents a cause for concern.（ 5 G使用的是不同的电磁频谱。这些信号的波长很短，以毫米为单位，称为毫米波。毫米波非常适合高速数据传输，但必须在所有地方安装小型发射机和天线，以确保良好的连接。这引起了人们的关注。）可知，本句旨在说明5 G与现有3 G和4 G的区别在于信号的频率，故C选项"主要的区别是传输数据的信号的新频率"符合语境。故选C。
（4）E.推理判断题。根据上文5 G service means new transmitters and antennas everywhere.Certainly,it will mean that the amount of electromagnetic radiation that people are exposed to will increase.Radiation exposure sounds dangerous,but it all depends on the type of radiation,the strength and the amount of time that people are exposed to.Sunlight is a type of radiation,and exposure for too long can cause a sunburn.（ 5 G服务意味着新的发射机和天线无处不在。当然，这将意味着人们暴露在电磁辐射中的数量将增加。辐射听起来很危险，但这完全取决于辐射的类型、强度和人们暴露在辐射中的时间。阳光是一种辐射，长时间暴露在阳光下会导致晒伤。）可知，上文提到了长时间接触阳光也导致晒伤，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明其后果。故E选项"长时间反复接触也会导致患皮肤癌的可能性"符合语境。故选E。
（5）F.推理判断题。根据上文Many studies have been done to explore whether low-level exposure to radio waves,microwaves,or millimeter waves has negative health effects.So far,there is no conclusive evidence.（已经做了许多研究来探索低水平暴露在无线电波、微波或毫米波下是否会对健康产生负面影响。到目前为止，还没有确凿的证据。）可知，上文提到没有确凿证据证明会对健康产生负面，即论述5 G对人体会不会造成健康风险的问题。故F选项"只要生产商遵守安全法规，5 G应该不会造成健康风险"符合语境。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了5 G技术是否对人体健康造成影响的问题。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
33.【答案】【小题1】Because it offers many opportunities.
【小题2】The value of liberal arts in human civilization lies in the fact that it leaves a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire.
【小题3】Steve Jobs concluded that technology contributed to Apple's success,but liberal arts .Because it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing.
【小题4】I will choose science majors in college,because it offers many opportunities and enables me to find a good job after graduation.If I choose liberal arts majors,it is possible that I won't find jobs.
【解析】（1）Because it offers many opportunities.细节理解题。根据第二段Science majors,such as technology,engineering,math,are considered to be more practical choices because of the wealth of opportunities（科学专业，如技术、工程、数学，被认为是更实际的选择，因为机会丰富）可知，学生在大学选择专业时，科学更有吸引力是因为它提供了很多机会，即Because it offers many opportunities。故答案为Because it offers many opportunities。
（2）The value of liberal arts in human civilization lies in the fact that it leaves a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire.细节理解题。根据第三段To Simon Schama,one of the presenters,human civilization isn't just about technology,but about liberal arts or creating things to leave a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire.（对主持人之一Simon Schama来说，人类文明不仅与技术有关，还与人文艺术或创造东西有关，这些东西能留下一个人的存在印记，供未来的人类见证和欣赏）可知，西蒙•沙玛认为，人文学科在人类文明中的价值是这些东西能留下一个人的存在印记，供未来的人类见证和欣赏，答案为"The value of liberal arts in human civilization lies in the fact that it leaves a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire"，故答案为The value of liberal arts in human civilization lies in the fact that it leaves a person's mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire。
（3）Steve Jobs concluded that technology contributed to Apple's success,but liberal arts .Because it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing.细节理解题。根据最后一段It's in Apple's DNA that technology alone is not enough—it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing.（在苹果的DNA中，只有技术是不够的，只有技术与人文艺术结合，才能让我们的心歌唱）可知，Steve Jobs的意思是技术和人文艺术要结合，而没有说谁比谁更重要，因此错误的部分是"played a more important role"。故答案为Steve Jobs concluded that technology contributed to Apple's success,but liberal arts 。Because it's technology married with liberal arts that brings us what makes our heart sing.
（4）I will choose science majors in college,because it offers many opportunities and enables me to find a good job after graduation.If I choose liberal arts majors,it is possible that I won't find jobs.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段Science majors,such as technology,engineering,math,are considered to be more practical choices because of the wealth of opportunities,while those who choose a liberal arts （文科） major—language,music,philosophy—may have more difficulty finding a job.（科学专业，如技术、工程、数学，被认为是更实际的选择，因为机会丰富，而那些选择文科专业（语言、音乐、哲学）的人可能更难找到工作）及个人想法可知，在大学我会选择科学专业，因为它提供了很多机会，能让我在毕业后找到一份好工作。如果我选择文科专业，有可能找不到工作，故答案为I will choose science majors in college,because it offers many opportunities and enables me to find a good job after graduation.If I choose liberal arts majors,it is possible that I won't find jobs。
本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是人文学科的潜在价值。
阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。做题时，注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数。
34.【答案】Dir Sir/ Madam,
I have heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the Winter Olympic Games to be held in 2022.【高分句型一】So I am writing to apply to be one of the volunteers.（写信目的）
I am Li Hua,an 18-year-old boy who is built up by doing sports regularly in my spare time.I love sports so much that I can devote all my energies to serving the game.Besides,with a very good command of English,I can speak the language fluently,which makes me more qualified to help foreigners.Meanwhile,not only do I have the ability to organize activities,but also I am outgoing and energetic,which benefits me in communicating with strangers.【高分句型二】Everything taken into account,I think I am a good fit for the position.I would appreciate it if you could consider my application and bffer me the opportunity at your convenience.（个人优势）
Looking forward to being a volunteer.（希望批准）
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
I have heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the Winter Olympic Games to be held in 2022.
翻译：我听说你们正在为2022年的冬奥会招募志愿者。
分析：句子里，that引导同位语从句you are recruiting volunteers for the Winter Olympic Games to be held in 2022。
高分句型二
Meanwhile,not only do I have the ability to organize activities,but also I am outgoing and energetic,which benefits me in communicating with strangers.
翻译：同时，我不仅有组织活动的能力，而且性格开朗，精力充沛，这有利于我与陌生人交流。
分析：句子里，否定词not only位于句首，句子do I have the ability to organize activities用部分倒装；关系词which引导非限制性定语从句benefits me in communicating with strangers。
写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。
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