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技能强化练专题四 语法填空-2022届高考英语二轮复习（新高考）
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这是一份技能强化练专题四 语法填空-2022届高考英语二轮复习（新高考），共14页。
（4）语法填空—【新课标新高考】2022届高考英语二轮复习技能强化练
1. Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e. g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ①_________(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ②_________ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ③_________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ④_________ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ⑤_________ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection ⑥_________ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ⑦_________ (they) living at a different time in history or ⑧_________ (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ⑨_________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete ⑩_________ people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
2. In an effort to fight against global warming, Purdue University engineers have created the whitest paint that can keep surfaces cooler than the formulation(配方)that the researchers had ①________(previous) shown.
The new whitest paint formulation reflects up to 98. 1% of sunlight compared with the 95.5% of sunlight ②________ (reflect) by the researchers' previous white paint and sends heat away from a surface at ③________ same time.
Two features give the paint its extreme whiteness. One is the ④________ (paint) high concentration of a special chemical, ⑤________ is used to make photo paper white as well. And the second feature is that the barium sulfate particles(硫酸钡离子)are all different ⑥________ size in the paint. How much each particle scatters(散射) light ⑦________ (depend) on its size, so a wider range of particle sizes allows the paint to scatter more of the light from the sun.
The extreme whiteness also means that the paint is the ⑧________ (cool) on record. Using high-accuracy temperature reading equipment, the researchers have shown that the paint can keep surfaces 19°F cooler than their surroundings at night and cool surfaces 8°F below their surroundings under strong sunlight during noon hours. The researchers hold a firm ⑨________ (believe) that coating buildings with this paint will one day cool them off enough ⑩________ (reduce)the need for air conditioning.
3. Longjing tea, ①_________ has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its colour, taste and shape, ②_________ (name) after its production region—Longjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the ③_________ (grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that "Longjing tea is one of the ④_________ (good) teas in the world".
Thanks ⑤_________ Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation. The story went that Emperor Qianlong visited the mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at ⑥_________ foot of the mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself. While ⑦_________ (pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother's illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and ⑧_________ (leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother ⑨_________ (immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves from his sleeves and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely ⑩_________ (refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all ills. From then on, it was listed as the tribute tea.
4. Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song "The Long and Winding Road". ①_________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ②_________ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ③_________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,the ④_________ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is —always leaving us ⑤_________ (astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it ⑥_________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ⑦_________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ⑧_________ (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in ⑨_________ (I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is ⑩_________ must to visit!
5. Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, globally known for developing the first hybrid rice strain in 1973 that relieved countless people ①_____ hunger, passed away on Saturday at the age of 91.
The scientist spent over five decades researching and improving hybrid rice, ②_____ has reached its third generation, feeding ③_____(near) one-fifth of the world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's total land. In China, the annual planting area of hybrid rice has topped 16 million hectares, or 57 percent of ④_____ total planting area of rice. Its growth area overseas has reached 8 million hectares. His more recent achievements included developing ⑤_____(variety) of seawater rice, or saline-alkali(盐碱) tolerant rice. His team planned to use the rice ⑥_____(transform) 6.7 million hectares of saline-alkali land in China over the next eight to 10 years.
Yuan once said he had two dreams -- to "enjoy the cool under the rice crops ⑦_____(tall) than men" and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global ⑧_____(short) of food.
Yuan's lifelong devotion to ⑨_____(reduce) hunger has made him a national hero and household name in China. In 1999, an asteroid(小行星) discovered by the National Astronomical Observatories ⑩_____(name) after Yuan. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, China's highest state honor.
6. Many legends have been left in China about the ①________(construct) of the Great Wall. Among them, the story of Lady Meng Jiang, called "Meng Jiangnü's Bitter Weeping", ②________ (be) the most moving and known to every family in China.
Lady Meng Jiang lived during the Qin Dynasty. In order to build the Great Wall, Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered 300 thousand people to work.Lady Meng Jiang's husband ③________ (force) to build the Great Wall just three days after they got married. Hearing nothing from her husband for ④________ long time, Lady Meng Jiang missed him very much. She decided to set off ⑤________ (look) for him. She traveled many miles, going through a lot of hardships. When she ⑥________ (final) reached the foot of the Great Wall, a fellow countryman told her that her husband had died ⑦________ was buried under the Wall. Lady Meng Jiang was so sad that she cried for three days and nights until a 400-kilometer-long section of the Great Wall fell down and the dead ⑧________ (body) of her husband and many others were seen. The heartbroken Lady Meng Jiang killed herself ⑨________ jumping into the sea.
Today,you can visit a structure ⑩________ (build) at Shanhaiguan Pass near the sea in memory of this loyal lady.
7. We humans are only born with one set of eyes, so we should make ①_______ our job to take care of them for our whole lives. ②_______ (actual), just do a few simple things every day, ③_______ we can protect our eyesight.
Almost all ④_______ (concern) doctors keep telling us to eat lots of fresh fruit and vegetables in order to have good eyesight. Furthermore, we need to protect our eyes when ⑤_______ (spend) long periods in bright sunlight. The best way to do this is to wear sunglasses ⑥_______ have 100% UV protection. Besides, it is important to protect our eyes when we work with ⑦_______ (danger) chemicals(化学药品). For this reason, we should always wear goggles(护目镜) in chemistry labs at work or at school. Finally, we should not spend too much time in front of the computer or television screen. That is ⑧_______ if we have to use a computer for a long time, doctors suggest we take ⑨_______ short break every fifteen or thirty minutes.
Having good eyesight ⑩_______ (be) important. As the popular English expression goes, "It's all fun and game until someone loses an eye."
8. According to a new survey, people who have owned pets may be more professionally ①__________(success), and this is absolutely good news for ambitious pet parents.
The survey ②__________ (conduct) by Kelton Global Research for Banfield Pet Hospital. The researchers surveyed 857 adults in the United States with ③__________ (vary) of careers. Among the C-suite executives (高管) surveyed, 93 percent grew with a pet in their home, with 78 percent ④__________ (hold) that growing up with a pet helped cause their career success as an adult.
So, how exactly does pet ownership cause career success? According to Banfield's research, executives reported that their pet helped teach them lessons like ⑤__________ (responsible), creativity, sympathy and organization, ⑥__________ have all been invaluable in the business world.
"At Banfield Pet Hospital, we've long recognized the special bond between people and their pets, as well as the positive impact pets have ⑦__________ our society," Brian Garish said in a statement on Banfield's website. "From the pet ownership lessons we learned as children, to the ⑧__________ (way) our four-legged friends currently help us progress, connect with others, and stay grounded, our latest research supports the idea we've had all along ⑨__________ there may be a link between pets and their ability ⑩__________ (help) shape us as people."
9. Some years ago, I was at a subway station in Los Angeles waiting in line to buy a ticket. As I stood there I saw a young man asking people for money so that he could buy his breakfast. Most of the travelers simply ①________(ignore) the young man or gave ②________(he) a dirty look, yet a well-dressed middle-aged man reacted differently. When ③________(approach) by the young man, the gentleman looked ④________at him and quietly asked, "How much will you need?" I couldn't hear ⑤________ the young man said but watched as the gentleman pulled several ⑥________(note) from his wallet and ⑦________ (calm) placed them in the young man's hands.
I don't know whether the young man actually used the money for his breakfast or for ⑧________purposes. What I do know is that I witnessed two different reactions to the same situation. I saw people who ⑨________(be) either afraid or annoyed. And then I saw the gentleman who was not afraid and treated the homeless young man as though he were a brother. I decided then and there that, even though we have to be ⑩________(care) in this world, I would rather be like the gentleman.
10. Welcome back to the hot topic of studying abroad! Last time, we talked about the general "software" needed to have a ① (success)studying experience overseas, ② refers to the ability to understand western culture, and problem solving skills when ③ (face) critical situations, etc.
Now, I will dig deeper into the concept of "software". Everyone is talking about culture shock nowadays, but you may wonder what it actually ④ (mean). Simply put: culture shock is the difficulty people may experience when being exposed and adjusting to a ⑤ (remarkable) different new culture. Usually, people often go ⑥ four distinct phases: the honeymoon phase, the negotiation phase, the adjustment phase and the mastery phase. Culture shock can happen immediately upon your ⑦ (arrive) in the country.
For international students, perhaps the most direct impact of culture shock is the variety of accents, especially in multicultural countries ⑧ the U.S. Canada or Australia. There are two main reasons: Firstly, these countries have highly diversified groups of residents from different cultural ⑨ (background). Secondly, there are many international students from all around the world every year studying in these countries, so you shouldn't be surprised ⑩ (find) all kinds of unfamiliar accents around the university campus.
答案以及解析
1.答案：①wealthy ②or ③formed ④which/that ⑤are called ⑥is ⑦themselves ⑧walking ⑨accuracy ⑩for
解析：①考查形容词。根据设空处后面的名词people可知,这里应用形容词wealthy修饰。
②考查连词。分析句子结构可知,until it got too big和until they died并列,同时结合语境可知,此处表示选择关系,故用连词or。
③考查一般过去时。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,同时结合上下文可知,此处的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故答案为formed。
④考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语,先行词为the British Museum,故此处用关系代词which/that。
⑤考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,该句主语为The parts of a museum,设空处为谓语动词,与主语之间为被动关系,结合语境可知这里为客观事实,故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。
⑥考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据时间状语Often可知该句应用一般现在时,设空处为谓语动词,主语为only a small part of a museum's collection,是单数形式,故此处用is。
⑦考查反身代词。根据语境可知,主语visitors发出的动作imagine作用于自身,此处应用反身代词形式,故答案为themselves。
⑧考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处与前面的living at a different time in history并列,都作动词imagine的宾语,故此处用walking。
⑨考查名词。根据语境和设空处前的修饰词Historical可知,此处应用名词accuracy作主语。
⑩考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表达的是"为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞争",compete for"为……竞争",故应用介词for。
2.答案： previously; reflected; the; paint's; which; in; depends; coolest; belief ; to reduce
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新开发出来的一种反光性极强的涂料。
① previously考查词形转换。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰动词shown。
② reflected考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,此处用所给动词的非谓语动词,reflect与其逻辑主语sunlight存在逻辑上的动 宾关系,故此处用所给动词的过去分词,表示被动;reflected by the researchers' previous white paint是过去分词短语作后置定语。
③ the考查冠词。at the same time意为"与此同时",为固定短语。
④ paint's考查名词所有格。所给词与空后的high concentration of a special chemical是所属关系,故此处用所给名词的所有格。
⑤ which考查定语从句。分析句子结枸可知,该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词是a special chemical,故 此处用关系代词which。
⑥ in考查介词。此处指"在大小方面不同,故此处用介词in。
⑦ depends考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本段是一般性陈述,时态为一般现在时,主语是How much each particle scatters light,故 此处用所给动词的第三人称单数。
⑧ coolest考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的修饰词the及空后on record可知,此处用所给形容词的最高级。
⑨ belief考查词形转换。根据空前的修饰词a firm可知,此处用所给动词的名词。
⑩ to reduce考查非谓语动词。enough to do sth.意为"足以做某事",为固定用法。
3.答案：which; is named; growth; best; to ; the; picking; left; immediately; refreshed
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍龙井茶是中国十大名茶之一,好的环境及水质是它成为名茶的原因以及龙井茶成为贡茶的传说。
①此处Longing tea是先行词,指物,设空处在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。
②此处讲的是龙井茶名字的由来,是事实,故用一般现在时,句子主语Longing tea是单数,和name之间是被动关系,故填is named。
③根据the和设空处后的of可知,此空用名词形式,故填growth。
④根据"one of + the +最高级+名词复数"可知,设空处应用形容词最高级,故填best。
⑤thanks to为固定短语,意为"多亏了……",填to。
⑥at the foot of为固定短语,意为"在……脚下",故填the。
⑦此处pick和句子主语he之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作时间状语,故填picking。
⑧此处是表示过去的并列谓语,故填left。
⑨副词修饰动词visited,故填immediately。
⑩此处用到"find +宾语+宾补(形容词)"结构,故填refreshed。
4.答案：What; humans; undoubtedly; hotter ; astonished ; was ; and; aching; mine; a
解析：本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者爬黄山的见闻和感受。
①考查主语从句。句意:这次经历的惊人之处在于这绝美的景色。此处是主语从句,从句缺主语,应用what引导。
②考查名词单复数。句意:当你站在黄山山顶看见滚滚云海,你会想到我们人类是多么渺小。human是we的同位语,we为复数,human也应用复数形式。
③考查词性转换。句意:它无疑会帮助你恢复精神!修饰动词help,应用副词形式undoubtedly。
④考查比较级。句意:让人惊讶的是,气温越低,黄山温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构"the +比较级,the +比较级",意为"越……越……"。
⑤考查词性转换。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是"leave +宾语+宾语补足语"结构,补充说明宾语us的感受,应用-ed结尾的形容词。
⑥考查动词的时态。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子结构可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。
⑦考查连词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。"highlights the whole adventure"与"offers a place"之间为并列关系,故用并列连词and。
⑧考查非谓语动词。本空在句中做定语,ache与中心词legs是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词aching。
⑨考查代词。根据前一句"it will always stick in the visitor's memory"可知,本句中does指代前一句的stick,本句缺宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。
⑩考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。a must意为"必须做的一件事"。
5.答案：①of ②which ③nearly ④the ⑤varieties ⑥to transform ⑦taller ⑧shortage ⑨reducing ⑩was named
解析：①考查介词。句意:中国科学家袁隆平,因1973年培育出首个杂交水稻品种而享誉全球,使无数人免于饥饿,他于上周六去世,享年91岁。relieve sb. of sth.使某人摆脱,免除。故填of。
②考查定语从句。句意:这位科学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻,这种水稻已经达到了第三代,用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是hybrid rice,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导。故填which。
③考查副词。句意:这位科学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻,这种水稻已经达到了第三代,用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。此处表示"几乎,将近",应用副词nearly作状语。故填nearly。
④考查定冠词。句意:中国杂交水稻年种植面积超过1600万公顷,占全部水稻种植面积的57%。根据area前后的修饰词可知,应填the表示特指,表示杂交水稻占全部水稻种植面积的57%。故填the。
⑤考查固定短语。句意:他最近的成就包括培育各种海水水稻,或称耐盐碱水稻。varieties of为固定短语,意为"各种各样的"。故填varieties。
⑥考查动词不定式。句意:他的团队计划在未来的8到10年里用这种水稻改造中国670万公顷盐碱地。use sth. to do sth.为固定结构,不定式作目的状语。故填to transform。
⑦考查形容词比较级。句意:袁隆平曾说,他有两个梦想—一个是在比人高的水稻乘凉,另一个是杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植,帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。根据than可知,此处应用比较级taller。故填taller。
⑧考查名词。句意:袁隆平曾说,他有两个梦想—一个是在比人高的水稻下享受凉爽,另一个是杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植,帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。空处应填名词作宾语,short"短缺的"是形容词,其对应的名词是shortage,为不可数名词。故填shortage。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意:袁隆平毕生致力于减少饥饿,这使他成为中国的民族英雄和家喻户晓的名字。devotion后的to是介词,应填动名词形式作宾语。故填reducing。
⑩考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:1999年,一颗由国家天文观测站发现的小行星以袁命名。动词name和主语an asteroid之间是被动关系,且由时间状语"In 1999"可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是名词单数,故填was named。
6.答案： construction; is; was forced; a; to look; finally; and; bodies; by; built
解析：
文章讲述了中国有很多传说,其中孟姜女哭长城的传说感动了中国的每一个家庭,然后讲述了这个传说讲述的是什么。
① construction【解析】考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的介词of可知,此处应construct(建造)的名词形式construction(建筑)。
② is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。 本句描述客观事实, 应用一般现在时,且本句的主语是the story of Lady Meng Jiang ,(孟江女的故事)所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。
③ was forced【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据上下文内容可知,本句应用一般过去时,且主语Lady Meng Jiang's husband(孟姜女的丈夫)和force(强迫)之间构成动宾关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
④ a【解析】考查冠词。 for a long time意为"长期地,长久地",是固定短语。a(一个)。
⑤ to look【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处在句中作目的状语,应用动词不定式。答案为to look.(看)
⑥ finally【解析】考查副词。此处修饰动词reached(到达) ,应用副词finally(最终地)。
⑦ and【解析】考查连词。此处用and(并且)连接两个表示并列关系的谓语。
⑧ bodies【解析】考查名词复数。根据后面的her husband and many others (她的丈夫和许多其他人)和谓语动词were可知,此处应用复数形式bodies(身体)。
⑨ by【解析】考查介词。根据空后的动词-ing形式和句意可知,此处应用介词by(通过),表示方式。
⑩ built【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,structure(结构)与build(建造)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语,故填built(建造)。
7.答案： it; Actually; and; concerned; spending; that/which; dangerous; why; a ; is
解析：本文是说明文,告诉我们保护视力的重要性以及保护视力的方法。
① 考查代词。句意:人类生来只有一双眼睛,因此我们一生都要保护好它们。分析可知,此处为固定句型make it+ n+ to do sth."使做某事......",其中it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式。故填it。
② 考查副词。句意:事实上,每天做一些简单的事情,我们就可以保护视力。此处修饰后文整个句子,应用副词作状语。故填Actually。
③ 考查连词。句意:事实上,每天做一些简单的事情,我们就可以保护视力。分析可知,此处为固定句型"祈使句+ and/or+陈述句";前后句子为顺承关系,应用and连接。故填and。
④ 考查形容词。句意:几乎所有关注此事的医生都不断告诉我们要多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜,以保持良好的视力。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词doctors,表示"担心的,关注的"应用concerned。故填concerned。
⑤ 考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,当长时间呆在耀眼的阳光下时,我们需要保护我们眼睛。分析可知,此处应用非谓语动词和when一起构成时间状语,逻辑主语we和spend之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填spending。
⑥ 考查定语从句。句意:最好的方法是戴上100%紫外线防护的太阳镜。分析句子结构,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词sunglasses,指物,在从句中作主语,用which/that引导定语从句。故填which/that。
⑦ 考查形容词。句意:当我们处理危险化学品时,保护我们的眼睛是很重要的。修饰名词chemicals,应该用形容词;danger 是名词,形容词是dangerous。故填dangerous。
⑧ 考查表语从句。句意:这就是为什么如果我们必须长时间使用电脑,医生建议我们每十五或三十分钟休息一次。空处一引导表语从句,从句成分完整,但缺少"为什么"之意,应用连接副词why。故填why。
⑨ 考查冠词。句意:这就是为什么如果我们必须长时间使用电脑,医生建议我们每十五或三十分钟休息一次。take a short break为固定短语,意为"短暂休息",short的发音是以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
⑩ 考查时态语态。句意:有好视力是非常重要的。空处为谓语动词,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,动名词作主语看作单数。故填is。
8.答案：successful; was conducted; varieties; holding; responsibility; which; on/upon; ways; that; to help
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了一项新的调查表明养宠物的人可能在职业上会更加成功,这对在事实上雄心勃勃的宠物主人们来说绝对是个好消息。同时说明了研究过程以及养宠物究竟是如何促进事业成功的。
①考查形容词。句意:根据一项新的调查,养宠物的人可能在职业上会更加成功,这对在事业上雄心勃勃的宠物主人们来说绝对是个好消息。结合上文"may be more professionally"可知空处应填形容词做表语。故填successful。
②考查动词的时态及语态。句意:这项调查是由凯尔顿全球研究为班菲尔德宠物医院开展的。本句中主语与谓语动词构成动宾关系,且描述的是过去发生的动作,主语survey又是单数概念,故填was conducted。
③考查固定短语。句意:研究人员调查了美国857名从事不同职业的成年人。varieties of表示"各种各样的"。故填varieties。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:在接受调查的企业高管中,93%的人从小家中就有宠物相伴,78%的人认为,与宠物一起长大对他们成年后的事业成功有帮助。此处为with复合结构,且hold与逻辑主语78 percent构成主谓关系,故用现在分词。故填holding。
⑤考查名词。句意:根据班菲尔德宠物医院的研究,高管们报告说,宠物教会了他们责任、创造力、同情心和组织能力,这些在商界都是无价的。结合下文"creativity, sympathy and organization"可知应填名词responsibility。
⑥考查定语从句。句意同上。本句为非限制性定语从句,修饰空前整个句子,故填which。
⑦考查介词。句意:布莱恩·加里什在官网的一份声明中说:"在班菲尔德宠物医院,我们早就认识到人们和宠物之间的特殊纽带,以及宠物对我们社会的积极影响。" have an impact on/upon...表示"对……有影响"。故填on/upon。
⑧考查名词的数。way为可数名词,根据上文"From the pet ownership lessons we learned as children"中lesson为复数形式可知,此处也应用复数形式。故填ways。
⑨考查连接词。句意我们最新的研究支持了我们一直以来的观点,即宠物和它们帮助我们塑造人类形象的能力之间可能存在联系。本句为同位语从句,从句中不缺任何成分,故填that。
⑩考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,help在句中应用非谓语动词形式,ability to do sth.表示"有做某事的能力"。故填to help。
9.答案： Ignored; him; approached; at; what; notes; calmly; other; were; careful
解析：
① 本题考查动词的时态。由文章开头第一句 Several years ago 可知,事情发生在几年前,所以全文时态为一般过去时。故正确答案为 ignored。
② 本题考查代词。填空前有动词 give,填空处为谓语的宾语,所以使用 he 的宾格形式 him。故正确答案为 him。
③ 本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词为 approach,非谓语动词的主语是 the gentleman,非谓语动词的宾语是 by the young man。非谓语动词的主语和宾语为被动关系,即 the gentleman 被 the young man 接近。故使用非谓语动词的过去分词形式表示被动。故正确答案为 approached。
④ 本题考查介词搭配。结合句意可知,此处指"那位绅士看着(look at)年轻人",故正确答案为 at。
⑤ 本题考查宾语从句。连接代词在宾语从句中做 said 的宾语,所以使用 what 表示作者听不到那个年轻人说了什么。故正确答案为 what。
⑥ 本题考查名词。填空前有 several 表示"几个",具有复数含义,故填空处名词使用复数,故正确答案为 notes。
⑦ 本题考查副词。填空处后为动词 place,填空处的单词要修饰动词,所以 calm 要变成副词的形式。故正确答案为 calmly。
⑧ 本题考查形容词。结合句意可知,此处指"我不知道那个年轻人把钱用在了早餐上还是其他的(other)的目的上"。故正确答案为 other。
⑨ 本题考查动词时态与主谓一致。在此定语从句中,先行词 people 为复数,所以 be 动词使用复数形式,且全文的时态为过去时。故正确答案为 were。
⑩ 本文考查形容词。填空前有 be 动词,所以这里应该填 care 的分词形式或者形容词形式,表示"小心的"用 careful。故正确答案为 careful。
10.答案：successful;which;facing;means;remarkably;through;arrival/arriving;1ike;backgrounds;to find
解析：① 考查词性转换。【解题思路】空格处修饰名词" experience "，应用形容词。故 填success的形容词形式successful。
② 考查定语从句。【解题思路】根据空格前的逗号并分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面句子的内容， 应用which引导此从句。
③ 考查非谓语动词。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处的主语应是"出同的 人"，与动词face之间是主动关系，应用face的现在分词形式。故填facing。
④ 考查主谓一致。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处在" what"引导的宾语从 句中作谓语;根据全文时态可知，此处应用一般现在时;空格处的 主语是"it"，所以空格处应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
⑤ 考查副词。【解题思路】空格处修饰形容词" different "，应用副词。故填 remarkable的副词形式remarkably 。
⑥ 考査介词。【解题思路】此处应指"经历四个明显的阶段"。go through意 为"经历"，是固定短语，符合语境。故填through。
⑦ 考査名词或动名词。【解题思路】upon是介词,其后跟名词或动名词。故此处可填名词arrival,作形容词性物主代词 "your"的被修饰语,也可填动名词arriving，与其逻辑主语you之间构成主动关系。
⑧ 考查介词。【解题思路】此处是列举了三个多元文化的国家，所以要用like，意为"例如"，用来列举事物。故填like。
⑨考查名词复数。【解题思路】根据空格前面的 "from different cultural" 和 background是可数名词，可知，此处要用background的复数形式。故填 backgrounds。
⑩ 考查非谓语动词。【解题思路】be surprised to do sth.是固定结构，意为 "对做某事感到惊奇"，符合语境。故填to find。
（4）语法填空—【新课标新高考】2022届高考英语二轮复习技能强化练
1. Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e. g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ①_________(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ②_________ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ③_________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ④_________ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ⑤_________ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection ⑥_________ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ⑦_________ (they) living at a different time in history or ⑧_________ (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ⑨_________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete ⑩_________ people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
2. In an effort to fight against global warming, Purdue University engineers have created the whitest paint that can keep surfaces cooler than the formulation(配方)that the researchers had ①________(previous) shown.
The new whitest paint formulation reflects up to 98. 1% of sunlight compared with the 95.5% of sunlight ②________ (reflect) by the researchers' previous white paint and sends heat away from a surface at ③________ same time.
Two features give the paint its extreme whiteness. One is the ④________ (paint) high concentration of a special chemical, ⑤________ is used to make photo paper white as well. And the second feature is that the barium sulfate particles(硫酸钡离子)are all different ⑥________ size in the paint. How much each particle scatters(散射) light ⑦________ (depend) on its size, so a wider range of particle sizes allows the paint to scatter more of the light from the sun.
The extreme whiteness also means that the paint is the ⑧________ (cool) on record. Using high-accuracy temperature reading equipment, the researchers have shown that the paint can keep surfaces 19°F cooler than their surroundings at night and cool surfaces 8°F below their surroundings under strong sunlight during noon hours. The researchers hold a firm ⑨________ (believe) that coating buildings with this paint will one day cool them off enough ⑩________ (reduce)the need for air conditioning.
3. Longjing tea, ①_________ has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its colour, taste and shape, ②_________ (name) after its production region—Longjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the ③_________ (grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that "Longjing tea is one of the ④_________ (good) teas in the world".
Thanks ⑤_________ Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation. The story went that Emperor Qianlong visited the mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at ⑥_________ foot of the mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself. While ⑦_________ (pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother's illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and ⑧_________ (leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother ⑨_________ (immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves from his sleeves and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely ⑩_________ (refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all ills. From then on, it was listed as the tribute tea.
4. Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song "The Long and Winding Road". ①_________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ②_________ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ③_________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,the ④_________ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is —always leaving us ⑤_________ (astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it ⑥_________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ⑦_________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ⑧_________ (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in ⑨_________ (I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is ⑩_________ must to visit!
5. Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, globally known for developing the first hybrid rice strain in 1973 that relieved countless people ①_____ hunger, passed away on Saturday at the age of 91.
The scientist spent over five decades researching and improving hybrid rice, ②_____ has reached its third generation, feeding ③_____(near) one-fifth of the world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's total land. In China, the annual planting area of hybrid rice has topped 16 million hectares, or 57 percent of ④_____ total planting area of rice. Its growth area overseas has reached 8 million hectares. His more recent achievements included developing ⑤_____(variety) of seawater rice, or saline-alkali(盐碱) tolerant rice. His team planned to use the rice ⑥_____(transform) 6.7 million hectares of saline-alkali land in China over the next eight to 10 years.
Yuan once said he had two dreams -- to "enjoy the cool under the rice crops ⑦_____(tall) than men" and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global ⑧_____(short) of food.
Yuan's lifelong devotion to ⑨_____(reduce) hunger has made him a national hero and household name in China. In 1999, an asteroid(小行星) discovered by the National Astronomical Observatories ⑩_____(name) after Yuan. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, China's highest state honor.
6. Many legends have been left in China about the ①________(construct) of the Great Wall. Among them, the story of Lady Meng Jiang, called "Meng Jiangnü's Bitter Weeping", ②________ (be) the most moving and known to every family in China.
Lady Meng Jiang lived during the Qin Dynasty. In order to build the Great Wall, Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered 300 thousand people to work.Lady Meng Jiang's husband ③________ (force) to build the Great Wall just three days after they got married. Hearing nothing from her husband for ④________ long time, Lady Meng Jiang missed him very much. She decided to set off ⑤________ (look) for him. She traveled many miles, going through a lot of hardships. When she ⑥________ (final) reached the foot of the Great Wall, a fellow countryman told her that her husband had died ⑦________ was buried under the Wall. Lady Meng Jiang was so sad that she cried for three days and nights until a 400-kilometer-long section of the Great Wall fell down and the dead ⑧________ (body) of her husband and many others were seen. The heartbroken Lady Meng Jiang killed herself ⑨________ jumping into the sea.
Today,you can visit a structure ⑩________ (build) at Shanhaiguan Pass near the sea in memory of this loyal lady.
7. We humans are only born with one set of eyes, so we should make ①_______ our job to take care of them for our whole lives. ②_______ (actual), just do a few simple things every day, ③_______ we can protect our eyesight.
Almost all ④_______ (concern) doctors keep telling us to eat lots of fresh fruit and vegetables in order to have good eyesight. Furthermore, we need to protect our eyes when ⑤_______ (spend) long periods in bright sunlight. The best way to do this is to wear sunglasses ⑥_______ have 100% UV protection. Besides, it is important to protect our eyes when we work with ⑦_______ (danger) chemicals(化学药品). For this reason, we should always wear goggles(护目镜) in chemistry labs at work or at school. Finally, we should not spend too much time in front of the computer or television screen. That is ⑧_______ if we have to use a computer for a long time, doctors suggest we take ⑨_______ short break every fifteen or thirty minutes.
Having good eyesight ⑩_______ (be) important. As the popular English expression goes, "It's all fun and game until someone loses an eye."
8. According to a new survey, people who have owned pets may be more professionally ①__________(success), and this is absolutely good news for ambitious pet parents.
The survey ②__________ (conduct) by Kelton Global Research for Banfield Pet Hospital. The researchers surveyed 857 adults in the United States with ③__________ (vary) of careers. Among the C-suite executives (高管) surveyed, 93 percent grew with a pet in their home, with 78 percent ④__________ (hold) that growing up with a pet helped cause their career success as an adult.
So, how exactly does pet ownership cause career success? According to Banfield's research, executives reported that their pet helped teach them lessons like ⑤__________ (responsible), creativity, sympathy and organization, ⑥__________ have all been invaluable in the business world.
"At Banfield Pet Hospital, we've long recognized the special bond between people and their pets, as well as the positive impact pets have ⑦__________ our society," Brian Garish said in a statement on Banfield's website. "From the pet ownership lessons we learned as children, to the ⑧__________ (way) our four-legged friends currently help us progress, connect with others, and stay grounded, our latest research supports the idea we've had all along ⑨__________ there may be a link between pets and their ability ⑩__________ (help) shape us as people."
9. Some years ago, I was at a subway station in Los Angeles waiting in line to buy a ticket. As I stood there I saw a young man asking people for money so that he could buy his breakfast. Most of the travelers simply ①________(ignore) the young man or gave ②________(he) a dirty look, yet a well-dressed middle-aged man reacted differently. When ③________(approach) by the young man, the gentleman looked ④________at him and quietly asked, "How much will you need?" I couldn't hear ⑤________ the young man said but watched as the gentleman pulled several ⑥________(note) from his wallet and ⑦________ (calm) placed them in the young man's hands.
I don't know whether the young man actually used the money for his breakfast or for ⑧________purposes. What I do know is that I witnessed two different reactions to the same situation. I saw people who ⑨________(be) either afraid or annoyed. And then I saw the gentleman who was not afraid and treated the homeless young man as though he were a brother. I decided then and there that, even though we have to be ⑩________(care) in this world, I would rather be like the gentleman.
10. Welcome back to the hot topic of studying abroad! Last time, we talked about the general "software" needed to have a ① (success)studying experience overseas, ② refers to the ability to understand western culture, and problem solving skills when ③ (face) critical situations, etc.
Now, I will dig deeper into the concept of "software". Everyone is talking about culture shock nowadays, but you may wonder what it actually ④ (mean). Simply put: culture shock is the difficulty people may experience when being exposed and adjusting to a ⑤ (remarkable) different new culture. Usually, people often go ⑥ four distinct phases: the honeymoon phase, the negotiation phase, the adjustment phase and the mastery phase. Culture shock can happen immediately upon your ⑦ (arrive) in the country.
For international students, perhaps the most direct impact of culture shock is the variety of accents, especially in multicultural countries ⑧ the U.S. Canada or Australia. There are two main reasons: Firstly, these countries have highly diversified groups of residents from different cultural ⑨ (background). Secondly, there are many international students from all around the world every year studying in these countries, so you shouldn't be surprised ⑩ (find) all kinds of unfamiliar accents around the university campus.
答案以及解析
1.答案：①wealthy ②or ③formed ④which/that ⑤are called ⑥is ⑦themselves ⑧walking ⑨accuracy ⑩for
解析：①考查形容词。根据设空处后面的名词people可知,这里应用形容词wealthy修饰。
②考查连词。分析句子结构可知,until it got too big和until they died并列,同时结合语境可知,此处表示选择关系,故用连词or。
③考查一般过去时。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,同时结合上下文可知,此处的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故答案为formed。
④考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语,先行词为the British Museum,故此处用关系代词which/that。
⑤考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,该句主语为The parts of a museum,设空处为谓语动词,与主语之间为被动关系,结合语境可知这里为客观事实,故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。
⑥考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据时间状语Often可知该句应用一般现在时,设空处为谓语动词,主语为only a small part of a museum's collection,是单数形式,故此处用is。
⑦考查反身代词。根据语境可知,主语visitors发出的动作imagine作用于自身,此处应用反身代词形式,故答案为themselves。
⑧考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处与前面的living at a different time in history并列,都作动词imagine的宾语,故此处用walking。
⑨考查名词。根据语境和设空处前的修饰词Historical可知,此处应用名词accuracy作主语。
⑩考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表达的是"为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞争",compete for"为……竞争",故应用介词for。
2.答案： previously; reflected; the; paint's; which; in; depends; coolest; belief ; to reduce
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新开发出来的一种反光性极强的涂料。
① previously考查词形转换。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰动词shown。
② reflected考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,此处用所给动词的非谓语动词,reflect与其逻辑主语sunlight存在逻辑上的动 宾关系,故此处用所给动词的过去分词,表示被动;reflected by the researchers' previous white paint是过去分词短语作后置定语。
③ the考查冠词。at the same time意为"与此同时",为固定短语。
④ paint's考查名词所有格。所给词与空后的high concentration of a special chemical是所属关系,故此处用所给名词的所有格。
⑤ which考查定语从句。分析句子结枸可知,该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词是a special chemical,故 此处用关系代词which。
⑥ in考查介词。此处指"在大小方面不同,故此处用介词in。
⑦ depends考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本段是一般性陈述,时态为一般现在时,主语是How much each particle scatters light,故 此处用所给动词的第三人称单数。
⑧ coolest考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的修饰词the及空后on record可知,此处用所给形容词的最高级。
⑨ belief考查词形转换。根据空前的修饰词a firm可知,此处用所给动词的名词。
⑩ to reduce考查非谓语动词。enough to do sth.意为"足以做某事",为固定用法。
3.答案：which; is named; growth; best; to ; the; picking; left; immediately; refreshed
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍龙井茶是中国十大名茶之一,好的环境及水质是它成为名茶的原因以及龙井茶成为贡茶的传说。
①此处Longing tea是先行词,指物,设空处在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。
②此处讲的是龙井茶名字的由来,是事实,故用一般现在时,句子主语Longing tea是单数,和name之间是被动关系,故填is named。
③根据the和设空处后的of可知,此空用名词形式,故填growth。
④根据"one of + the +最高级+名词复数"可知,设空处应用形容词最高级,故填best。
⑤thanks to为固定短语,意为"多亏了……",填to。
⑥at the foot of为固定短语,意为"在……脚下",故填the。
⑦此处pick和句子主语he之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作时间状语,故填picking。
⑧此处是表示过去的并列谓语,故填left。
⑨副词修饰动词visited,故填immediately。
⑩此处用到"find +宾语+宾补(形容词)"结构,故填refreshed。
4.答案：What; humans; undoubtedly; hotter ; astonished ; was ; and; aching; mine; a
解析：本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者爬黄山的见闻和感受。
①考查主语从句。句意:这次经历的惊人之处在于这绝美的景色。此处是主语从句,从句缺主语,应用what引导。
②考查名词单复数。句意:当你站在黄山山顶看见滚滚云海,你会想到我们人类是多么渺小。human是we的同位语,we为复数,human也应用复数形式。
③考查词性转换。句意:它无疑会帮助你恢复精神!修饰动词help,应用副词形式undoubtedly。
④考查比较级。句意:让人惊讶的是,气温越低,黄山温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构"the +比较级,the +比较级",意为"越……越……"。
⑤考查词性转换。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是"leave +宾语+宾语补足语"结构,补充说明宾语us的感受,应用-ed结尾的形容词。
⑥考查动词的时态。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子结构可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。
⑦考查连词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。"highlights the whole adventure"与"offers a place"之间为并列关系,故用并列连词and。
⑧考查非谓语动词。本空在句中做定语,ache与中心词legs是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词aching。
⑨考查代词。根据前一句"it will always stick in the visitor's memory"可知,本句中does指代前一句的stick,本句缺宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。
⑩考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。a must意为"必须做的一件事"。
5.答案：①of ②which ③nearly ④the ⑤varieties ⑥to transform ⑦taller ⑧shortage ⑨reducing ⑩was named
解析：①考查介词。句意:中国科学家袁隆平,因1973年培育出首个杂交水稻品种而享誉全球,使无数人免于饥饿,他于上周六去世,享年91岁。relieve sb. of sth.使某人摆脱,免除。故填of。
②考查定语从句。句意:这位科学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻,这种水稻已经达到了第三代,用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是hybrid rice,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导。故填which。
③考查副词。句意:这位科学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻,这种水稻已经达到了第三代,用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。此处表示"几乎,将近",应用副词nearly作状语。故填nearly。
④考查定冠词。句意:中国杂交水稻年种植面积超过1600万公顷,占全部水稻种植面积的57%。根据area前后的修饰词可知,应填the表示特指,表示杂交水稻占全部水稻种植面积的57%。故填the。
⑤考查固定短语。句意:他最近的成就包括培育各种海水水稻,或称耐盐碱水稻。varieties of为固定短语,意为"各种各样的"。故填varieties。
⑥考查动词不定式。句意:他的团队计划在未来的8到10年里用这种水稻改造中国670万公顷盐碱地。use sth. to do sth.为固定结构,不定式作目的状语。故填to transform。
⑦考查形容词比较级。句意:袁隆平曾说,他有两个梦想—一个是在比人高的水稻乘凉,另一个是杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植,帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。根据than可知,此处应用比较级taller。故填taller。
⑧考查名词。句意:袁隆平曾说,他有两个梦想—一个是在比人高的水稻下享受凉爽,另一个是杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植,帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。空处应填名词作宾语,short"短缺的"是形容词,其对应的名词是shortage,为不可数名词。故填shortage。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意:袁隆平毕生致力于减少饥饿,这使他成为中国的民族英雄和家喻户晓的名字。devotion后的to是介词,应填动名词形式作宾语。故填reducing。
⑩考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:1999年,一颗由国家天文观测站发现的小行星以袁命名。动词name和主语an asteroid之间是被动关系,且由时间状语"In 1999"可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是名词单数,故填was named。
6.答案： construction; is; was forced; a; to look; finally; and; bodies; by; built
解析：
文章讲述了中国有很多传说,其中孟姜女哭长城的传说感动了中国的每一个家庭,然后讲述了这个传说讲述的是什么。
① construction【解析】考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的介词of可知,此处应construct(建造)的名词形式construction(建筑)。
② is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。 本句描述客观事实, 应用一般现在时,且本句的主语是the story of Lady Meng Jiang ,(孟江女的故事)所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。
③ was forced【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据上下文内容可知,本句应用一般过去时,且主语Lady Meng Jiang's husband(孟姜女的丈夫)和force(强迫)之间构成动宾关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
④ a【解析】考查冠词。 for a long time意为"长期地,长久地",是固定短语。a(一个)。
⑤ to look【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处在句中作目的状语,应用动词不定式。答案为to look.(看)
⑥ finally【解析】考查副词。此处修饰动词reached(到达) ,应用副词finally(最终地)。
⑦ and【解析】考查连词。此处用and(并且)连接两个表示并列关系的谓语。
⑧ bodies【解析】考查名词复数。根据后面的her husband and many others (她的丈夫和许多其他人)和谓语动词were可知,此处应用复数形式bodies(身体)。
⑨ by【解析】考查介词。根据空后的动词-ing形式和句意可知,此处应用介词by(通过),表示方式。
⑩ built【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,structure(结构)与build(建造)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语,故填built(建造)。
7.答案： it; Actually; and; concerned; spending; that/which; dangerous; why; a ; is
解析：本文是说明文,告诉我们保护视力的重要性以及保护视力的方法。
① 考查代词。句意:人类生来只有一双眼睛,因此我们一生都要保护好它们。分析可知,此处为固定句型make it+ n+ to do sth."使做某事......",其中it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式。故填it。
② 考查副词。句意:事实上,每天做一些简单的事情,我们就可以保护视力。此处修饰后文整个句子,应用副词作状语。故填Actually。
③ 考查连词。句意:事实上,每天做一些简单的事情,我们就可以保护视力。分析可知,此处为固定句型"祈使句+ and/or+陈述句";前后句子为顺承关系,应用and连接。故填and。
④ 考查形容词。句意:几乎所有关注此事的医生都不断告诉我们要多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜,以保持良好的视力。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词doctors,表示"担心的,关注的"应用concerned。故填concerned。
⑤ 考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,当长时间呆在耀眼的阳光下时,我们需要保护我们眼睛。分析可知,此处应用非谓语动词和when一起构成时间状语,逻辑主语we和spend之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填spending。
⑥ 考查定语从句。句意:最好的方法是戴上100%紫外线防护的太阳镜。分析句子结构,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词sunglasses,指物,在从句中作主语,用which/that引导定语从句。故填which/that。
⑦ 考查形容词。句意:当我们处理危险化学品时,保护我们的眼睛是很重要的。修饰名词chemicals,应该用形容词;danger 是名词,形容词是dangerous。故填dangerous。
⑧ 考查表语从句。句意:这就是为什么如果我们必须长时间使用电脑,医生建议我们每十五或三十分钟休息一次。空处一引导表语从句,从句成分完整,但缺少"为什么"之意,应用连接副词why。故填why。
⑨ 考查冠词。句意:这就是为什么如果我们必须长时间使用电脑,医生建议我们每十五或三十分钟休息一次。take a short break为固定短语,意为"短暂休息",short的发音是以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
⑩ 考查时态语态。句意:有好视力是非常重要的。空处为谓语动词,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,动名词作主语看作单数。故填is。
8.答案：successful; was conducted; varieties; holding; responsibility; which; on/upon; ways; that; to help
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了一项新的调查表明养宠物的人可能在职业上会更加成功,这对在事实上雄心勃勃的宠物主人们来说绝对是个好消息。同时说明了研究过程以及养宠物究竟是如何促进事业成功的。
①考查形容词。句意:根据一项新的调查,养宠物的人可能在职业上会更加成功,这对在事业上雄心勃勃的宠物主人们来说绝对是个好消息。结合上文"may be more professionally"可知空处应填形容词做表语。故填successful。
②考查动词的时态及语态。句意:这项调查是由凯尔顿全球研究为班菲尔德宠物医院开展的。本句中主语与谓语动词构成动宾关系,且描述的是过去发生的动作,主语survey又是单数概念,故填was conducted。
③考查固定短语。句意:研究人员调查了美国857名从事不同职业的成年人。varieties of表示"各种各样的"。故填varieties。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:在接受调查的企业高管中,93%的人从小家中就有宠物相伴,78%的人认为,与宠物一起长大对他们成年后的事业成功有帮助。此处为with复合结构,且hold与逻辑主语78 percent构成主谓关系,故用现在分词。故填holding。
⑤考查名词。句意:根据班菲尔德宠物医院的研究,高管们报告说,宠物教会了他们责任、创造力、同情心和组织能力,这些在商界都是无价的。结合下文"creativity, sympathy and organization"可知应填名词responsibility。
⑥考查定语从句。句意同上。本句为非限制性定语从句,修饰空前整个句子,故填which。
⑦考查介词。句意:布莱恩·加里什在官网的一份声明中说:"在班菲尔德宠物医院,我们早就认识到人们和宠物之间的特殊纽带,以及宠物对我们社会的积极影响。" have an impact on/upon...表示"对……有影响"。故填on/upon。
⑧考查名词的数。way为可数名词,根据上文"From the pet ownership lessons we learned as children"中lesson为复数形式可知,此处也应用复数形式。故填ways。
⑨考查连接词。句意我们最新的研究支持了我们一直以来的观点,即宠物和它们帮助我们塑造人类形象的能力之间可能存在联系。本句为同位语从句,从句中不缺任何成分,故填that。
⑩考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,help在句中应用非谓语动词形式,ability to do sth.表示"有做某事的能力"。故填to help。
9.答案： Ignored; him; approached; at; what; notes; calmly; other; were; careful
解析：
① 本题考查动词的时态。由文章开头第一句 Several years ago 可知,事情发生在几年前,所以全文时态为一般过去时。故正确答案为 ignored。
② 本题考查代词。填空前有动词 give,填空处为谓语的宾语,所以使用 he 的宾格形式 him。故正确答案为 him。
③ 本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词为 approach,非谓语动词的主语是 the gentleman,非谓语动词的宾语是 by the young man。非谓语动词的主语和宾语为被动关系,即 the gentleman 被 the young man 接近。故使用非谓语动词的过去分词形式表示被动。故正确答案为 approached。
④ 本题考查介词搭配。结合句意可知,此处指"那位绅士看着(look at)年轻人",故正确答案为 at。
⑤ 本题考查宾语从句。连接代词在宾语从句中做 said 的宾语,所以使用 what 表示作者听不到那个年轻人说了什么。故正确答案为 what。
⑥ 本题考查名词。填空前有 several 表示"几个",具有复数含义,故填空处名词使用复数,故正确答案为 notes。
⑦ 本题考查副词。填空处后为动词 place,填空处的单词要修饰动词,所以 calm 要变成副词的形式。故正确答案为 calmly。
⑧ 本题考查形容词。结合句意可知,此处指"我不知道那个年轻人把钱用在了早餐上还是其他的(other)的目的上"。故正确答案为 other。
⑨ 本题考查动词时态与主谓一致。在此定语从句中,先行词 people 为复数,所以 be 动词使用复数形式,且全文的时态为过去时。故正确答案为 were。
⑩ 本文考查形容词。填空前有 be 动词,所以这里应该填 care 的分词形式或者形容词形式,表示"小心的"用 careful。故正确答案为 careful。
10.答案：successful;which;facing;means;remarkably;through;arrival/arriving;1ike;backgrounds;to find
解析：① 考查词性转换。【解题思路】空格处修饰名词" experience "，应用形容词。故 填success的形容词形式successful。
② 考查定语从句。【解题思路】根据空格前的逗号并分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面句子的内容， 应用which引导此从句。
③ 考查非谓语动词。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处的主语应是"出同的 人"，与动词face之间是主动关系，应用face的现在分词形式。故填facing。
④ 考查主谓一致。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处在" what"引导的宾语从 句中作谓语;根据全文时态可知，此处应用一般现在时;空格处的 主语是"it"，所以空格处应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
⑤ 考查副词。【解题思路】空格处修饰形容词" different "，应用副词。故填 remarkable的副词形式remarkably 。
⑥ 考査介词。【解题思路】此处应指"经历四个明显的阶段"。go through意 为"经历"，是固定短语，符合语境。故填through。
⑦ 考査名词或动名词。【解题思路】upon是介词,其后跟名词或动名词。故此处可填名词arrival,作形容词性物主代词 "your"的被修饰语,也可填动名词arriving，与其逻辑主语you之间构成主动关系。
⑧ 考查介词。【解题思路】此处是列举了三个多元文化的国家，所以要用like，意为"例如"，用来列举事物。故填like。
⑨考查名词复数。【解题思路】根据空格前面的 "from different cultural" 和 background是可数名词，可知，此处要用background的复数形式。故填 backgrounds。
⑩ 考查非谓语动词。【解题思路】be surprised to do sth.是固定结构，意为 "对做某事感到惊奇"，符合语境。故填to find。
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