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2020届河南省六市（南阳市、信阳市等）高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷及答案
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这是一份2020届河南省六市（南阳市、信阳市等）高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷及答案，共23页。试卷主要包含了保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，考试结束，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2020年河南省六市高三第二次联考
英语试题
考生注意：
1.答題前，考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号等考生信息填写在答题卡上，并将条形码 准确粘贴在条形码区域內。
2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；非选择題答案使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号在各題的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区城书写的答案无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
5.考试结束，将答题卡交回：
第I卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What does the man want a robot for?
A. Looking after his younger brother.
B. Helping his mother with housework.
C. Playing with him in his free time.
2. Who has a robot?
A. The man. B. The man's sister. C. The woman's sister.
3. What does the man think of the woman?
A. She is careless with money.
B. She has good taste in clothing.
C. She is able to make money.
4. What does the man wish the robot could do?
A. Sing. B. Dance. C. Play chess.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The man's mistake. B. The man's behavior. C. The man's job interview.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完 后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman?
A. A nurse. B. A dentist. C. A researcher
7. What does the woman think of the robot Hanako?
A. Expensive. B. Special. C. Helpless
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman do?
A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A doctor
9. What are the kids in the speakers’ class like?
A. Active. B. Rude. C. Shy.
10. Why does the woman have to leave?
A. Her kid needs to be taken care of.
B. She has another job in a hospital.
C. Her parents are in poor health.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a department store.
12. Who made the robot?
A. A young teacher. B. A German engineer. C. An old cook.
13. What does the woman want to do?
A. Buy her mother a robot cook.
B. Take a cooking course in Beijing.
C. Hold a birthday party.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How long has the man been working in the zoo?
A. For 25 years. B. For 20 years. C. For 15 years.
15. How does the man describe his work?
A. Hard. B. Well -paid. C. Interesting.
16. When does the zoo close in winter?
A. At 4:30 pm. B. At 5 :30 pm. C. At 6:30 pm.
17. What does the man do in the zoo?
A. He clears out cages. B. He feeds the animals. C. He does the management work.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where did Joel live?
A. In Bell. B. In Montebello. C. In Los Angeles.
19. How long did it take Joel to pass his written test?
A. Six days. B. A month. C. Six weeks.
20. How did Joel learn to drive in the end?
A. His uncle taught him.
B. His cousin taught him.
C. He taught himself.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D ）中，选出最佳选项并在题卡 上将该项涂黑。
A
Foods to Eat to Burn More Calories
WATERMELON
Watermelon is brimming with B vitamins which boost your energy levels and curb your need to munch on an extra snack. A cup of diced watermelon contains 46 calories and virtually no fat. Watermelon is a rich source of potassium, dietary fiber, protein, vitamin A, magnesium, vitamin C, and iron.
Watermelon is one of powerful foods to eat to burn more calories. Watermelon is also high in lycopene, the antioxidant that lower your risk of macular degeneration, heart disease, and cancer. With 90 percent water, watermelon is filling you up but are not filling you out. Enjoy fresh watermelon juice, smoothie, or use it any summer fruit salad you like.
GRAPEFRUIT
Grapefruits speed up your metabolism and help burn a lot of calories. This fruit will help feel full faster and longer. According to the U. S. Department of Agriculture National Nutrient Database one half of a grapefruit contains around 53 calories. Moreover, grapefruit is rich in fiber that may help stabilize your blood glucose levels. You can add grapefruit to your fruit salad, smoothies or drink a grapefruit juice.
CELERY
The secret of celery is very simple： it contains less calories and helps burn more than you eat. Celery mostly consists of water and that's why it is good as a part of a balanced diet
However, this food is not suitable for celery diet only as your body won't get the necessary minerals and nutrients. So the best decision will be to combine it with some other foods.
WHOLE GRAINS
Studies show that whole grains are healthier than refined grains and that they lower the risk of getting a chronic disease. This type of grains is also a good part of a diet as it takes more time to digest and you won't get hungry for a longer period of time. Whole grains are rich in various vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates but low in fat.
GREEN TEA
Rich in antioxidants green tea boosts your metabolism and helps lose weight, which is just fantastic for ladies, isn't it? Simply enjoy a cup of hot fragrant green tea and do a great favor to your body.
1. To balance blood glucose levels, you'd better take in regularly.
A. green tea B. whole grains
C. watermelon D. grapefruit
2. From the passage we can know that _______.
A. grapefruit contains more calories than watermelon.
B. whole grains are healthier because they contain more water and various minerals.
C. both grapefruit and green tea can help speed up metabolism for those who are eager to lose weight.
D. having celery diet before a cup of green tea can help get enough nutrients to lose weight.
3. Which column can we read this passage in the newspaper?
A. Book Review B. Health
C. Entertainment D. Learning Kit
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五种可以燃烧更多卡路里的食物，说明了这些食物特性和对人体的好处。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Moreover, grapefruit is rich in fiber that may help stabilize your blood glucose levels.可知此外，葡萄柚富含纤维，可以帮助稳定血糖水平。由此可知，为了平衡血糖水平，你最好经常吃柚子。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Grapefruits speed up your metabolism and help burn a lot of calories.可知葡萄柚能加速你的新陈代谢，帮助燃烧大量的卡路里。以及最后一段中Rich in antioxidants green tea boosts your metabolism and helps lose weight, which is just fantastic for ladies, isn't it?可知绿茶富含抗氧化剂，可以促进新陈代谢，帮助减肥，这对女性来说非常棒，不是吗？由此可知，葡萄柚和绿茶都可以帮助那些渴望减肥的人加速新陈代谢。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍了五种可以燃烧更多卡路里的食物，说明了这些食物特性和对人体的好处。由此可推知，我们可以在报纸的“健康”栏目读到这篇文章。故选B。
B
I've been taking time this week to smell the roses. Literally, I bend over in my neighbors' front yard, check that nobody is watching, and then bury my head in the flowers.
I've also been walking into bakeries and walking around without buying anything. After having surgery on my broken nose 18 months ago, I haven't been able to smell or taste things. This week, however, my nose is back in business. I've been overwhelmed by smells, and it's given me a new way of thinking. Scent is just one of the little bits and pieces that make life enjoyable, but which we often ignore. I remember once, when my son was five months old, I was carrying him down the street. Wind swept through and almost tipped us over. He threw his little head back and giggled. He'd never felt the wind on his face. When is the last time I laughed at the weather?
The first time I ate bacon, I rushed home to my parents, determined that we ate this deliciousness at every meal. My father smiled and agreed. Do you recall when you learned that the voice actors of Mickey and Minnie Mouse were married in real life? Do you enjoy sleeping in new clean bedsheets? Is there someone on the radio whose voice is as smooth as velvet?
We don't write postcards about the small things. We don't frame them in photo-graphs. They aren't that great or grand, but without them, life is altogether too loud. These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive. As my sense of smell returns to me, it's like I'm smelling things for the first time. They're full of memories and magic. Food tastes better, and the air is indeed sweet. I know what the poets mean now. It almost makes my broken nose worthwhile. Now, I am waiting for this bandage to come off. There's an itch I can't reach!
4. The writer in the passage mainly tries to _______.
A. discuss how to enjoy leisure time B. show that she loves doing secret things
C. give examples of how she kills time D. persuade readers to enjoy small things in life
5. According to the writer, “a new way of thinking” in the second paragraph means _______.
A. the ability to discover the joy of small things B. the habit of overcoming ignorance
C. the ability to fully use our limited attention D. the habit of making personal reflections
6. The writer recalls that _______.
A. her father enjoyed sleeping in new clean bedsheets.
B. her son was frightened when feeling the wind on his face.
C. she couldn't resist temptation when eating bacon for the first time.
D. she always ignored the great things in life.
7. One small thing mentioned in the last paragraph is _______.
A. a joyful memory B. a quiet experience
C. the sense of smell D. the simple fact of being alive
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述了作者在嗅觉恢复后对于生活的感悟。作者在断掉的鼻子恢复正常后，发现自己的嗅觉里充满了回忆和魔力，也发觉生活中有很多被忽视的美好，正是这些简单安静的事让我们能享受生活的真谛。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive.可知这些安静的经历让我们有机会享受简单的生活。结合本文主要讲述了作者在嗅觉恢复后对于生活的感悟。作者在断掉的鼻子恢复正常后，发现自己的嗅觉里充满了回忆和魔力，也发觉生活中有很多被忽视的美好，正是这些简单安静的事让我们能享受生活的真谛。由此可推知，作者目的在于说服读者享受生活中的小事情。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中Scent is just one of the little bits and pieces that make life enjoyable, but which we often ignore.可知气味只是让生活变得愉快的小细节之一，但我们经常忽视它。由此可推知，第二段中的“new way of thinking”是指从小事中发现乐趣的能力。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中The first time I ate bacon, I rushed home to my parents, determined that we ate this deliciousness at every meal.可知第一次吃培根的时候，我冲回家找父母，决定每餐都要吃这个美味的培根。由此可知，作者回忆第一次吃培根的时候，她无法抗拒诱惑。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中We don't frame them in photo-graphs. They aren't that great or grand, but without them, life is altogether too loud. These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive. As my sense of smell returns to me, it's like I'm smelling things for the first time.可知我们不会把他们裱在相框里。他们并不是那么伟大或特别重要，但是没有他们，生活就显得太喧嚣了。这些安静的经历让我们有机会享受简单的生活。当我的嗅觉恢复时，我就像第一次闻到东西一样。由此判断出，最后一段中提到的一件小事指的是作者的嗅觉。故选C。
C
Antarctica is known for being a vast land of ice and snow, a place too cold for most life. Despite this, the continent is slowly starting to turn warm. According to the Guardian, the Antarctic has registered a new high temperature for the first time on record, prompting fears of climate instability in the world's iciest place.
On Feb 9, Brazilian researchers at Seymour Island reported a temperature of 20.75℃ on the icy continent of Antarctica. It was almost a full degree higher than the previous re- cord of 19. 8℃ , taken on Signy Island in January 1982.
This record — breaking reading was taken at a monitoring station in the northern part of Antarctica. According to Brazilian soil scientist Carlos Schaefer, the temperature was documented during a 20-year-long research project. The focus of this project is to study the effect that climate change has on the permafrost(永久冻土) within the region. Permafrost is soil that stays frozen for at least two years. Although this is a first record high for Antarctica, Schaefer stressed that “We can't use this to anticipate climatic changes in the future. It's simply a signal that something different is happening in that area.”
But in fact, the last high temperature reading was in the 19℃range. These higher temperatures can cause ice and glaciers in Antarctic regions to melt. The Antarctic peninsula—the long finger of land that stretches towards Argentina—is most dramatically affected. Scientists saw glaciers that have retreated by more than 100 meters in Discovery Bay where the snow melted in little more than a week, leaving dark exposed rock. This melted ice leads to a rise in sea levels that can threaten the safety of coastal areas. It's believed to be behind an alarming decline of more than 50 percent in chinstrap penguin(帽带企鹅) colonies, which are dependent on sea ice.
Like American writer Ernest Hemingway once said, “The Earth is a fine place and worth fighting for.” We should do everything we can to help save our planet. Otherwise, it may become too hot for us to fix.
8. What did Brazilian researchers report on Feb 9?
A. Seymour Island is the warmest region in the Antarctic.
B. Antarctica hit a record high temperature of 20. 75℃.
C. The average temperature of Antarctica ranges from 19. 8°C to 20. 75℃.
D. Antarctica's new record temperature is a full degree higher than the previous decade.
9. What's the main purpose of the 20-year-long research project?
A. To predict possible climatic change in the future.
B. To monitor Antarctica's contributions to world climate change.
C. To explain why the permafrost may cause glaciers to melt.
D. To examine how the permafrost is influenced by climate change.
10. What does the underlined word “retreated” probably mean?
A. moved backward. B. increased in size.
C covered a certain area. D. stretched in an opposite direction.
11. According to the text, the melted glacier may lead to .
A. the pollution of ocean water B. the release of various viruses
C. threats to penguin habitats D. disappearances of coastal cities
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。据《卫报》报道，南极首次出现有记录以来的新高，这引发了人们对这个世界上最冷的地方气候不稳定的担忧。2月9日，一项报告称冰冷的南极洲的温度为20.75℃。文章说明了这个破纪录的读数的来源，以及这种高温对南极地区产生的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中On Feb 9, Brazilian researchers at Seymour Island reported a temperature of 20.75℃ on the icy continent of Antarctica.可知2月9日，在西摩岛的巴西研究人员报告称，冰冷的南极洲的温度为20.75℃。由此可知，巴西研究人员在2月9日报告中提到南极洲达到创纪录的最高温度20.75℃。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中The focus of this project is to study the effect that climate change has on the permafrost(永久冻土) within the region.可知这个项目的重点是研究气候变化对该地区永久冻土的影响。由此可知，这个长达20年的研究项目的主要目的是研究永冻土是如何受到气候变化的影响。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文by more than 100 meters in Discovery Bay where the snow melted in little more than a week, leaving dark exposed rock.可知科学家们发现，发现湾的冰川已经向后退了100多米，那里的积雪在一周多一点的时间里融化了，留下了黑暗的裸露岩石。由此可知，划线单词“retreated”的意思为“向后退”。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中This melted ice leads to a rise in sea levels that can threaten the safety of coastal areas. It's believed to be behind an alarming decline of more than 50 percent in chinstrap penguin(帽带企鹅) colonies, which are dependent on sea ice.可知融化的冰导致海平面上升，这将威胁到沿海地区的安全。人们认为，这是依赖海冰生存的帽带企鹅数量急剧下降50%的原因。由此可知，冰川融化可能会对企鹅的栖息地造成威胁。故选C。
D
In an era when fashion trends can change in a nanosecond(纳秒), people want to keep pace. They'll wear a look a few times and then move on to the next one. In reality, most people can't really afford this.
To meet this demand, online clothing rental services are growing in popularity. Shoppers can pay money online to rent the clothes they need, says the Fashion United website. The first company to put this idea into practice is Rent the Runway. The United States — based company has hit a $ 1 billion valuation. CEO Jennifer Hyman credits its success to the concepts of the sharing economy. She believes that the clothing rental business and the idea of dynamic ownership is a trend in the young generation. “The millennium generation(千禧一代)，the consumer, is so ready to adopt this behavior.” Hyman told CNBC.
She also points out that working women make up one of the biggest consumer groups subscribing to their services. They want more clothes but they have limited space and ability to purchase new fashion. “Rent the Runway can be a solution for them,” Hyman told CNBC, “where they can dress for the job they want and save money and time.”
Although the clothing rental business has many advantages, people still have some concerns. Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline wrote in Elle that “Renting the clothes is not as sustainable as it seems.”
Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented—receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing. Then there's the burden of washing, which has to happen to every item when it's returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry—-cleaning, a high— impact and polluting process. “They can produce hazardous waste and air pollution if not handled correctly, and they're often paired with stain removers that are more toxic than the solvents themselves,” she told the Fashion Platforms website.
12. What is the article mainly about?
A. The fast changes of fashion trends.
B. The development of the sharing economy.
C. What contributes to the popularity of online clothing rental services.
D. The advantages and disadvantages of online clothing rental services.
13. What is behind the success of Rent the Runway according to Hyman?
A. Different fashion tastes. B. Growth of delivery services.
C. The trend of the sharing economy. D. The financial pressures facing consumers.
14. What is the main problem of online clothing subscription services, according to the text?
A. Consumers tend to rent more than they need.
B. They could lead to other unsustainable fashion habits.
C. The shipping and washing involved are not environmentally friendly.
D. People can catch infectious diseases by renting clothes from sick people.
15. According to the passage, the author's attitude towards the rental service is
A. supportive B. indifferent
C. objective D. passive
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了为了跟上流行的趋势而诞生的服饰租赁服务行业，并分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中To meet this demand, online clothing rental services are growing in popularity.可知为了满足这一需求，网上服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。结合文章分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。由此可知，文章的主要内容是说明网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中CEO Jennifer Hyman credits its success to the concepts of the sharing economy.可知该公司首席执行官Jennifer Hyman将其成功归功于共享经济的理念。由此可知，Hyman认为《Rent the Runway》成功的背后是共享经济的发展趋势。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented—receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.可知以运输为例，如果一件物品被租走，它必须通过两种方式——接收和返回。Cline在书中写道，交通运输业在我们的总体时尚习惯中所占的比重仅次于制造业。以及Then there's the burden of washing, which has to happen to every item when it's returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry—-cleaning, a high— impact and polluting process.可知然后就是洗衣的负担，每件衣服退了以后都要洗，不管它有没有穿过。对于大多数租赁服务，这通常意味着干洗，一个高影响和污染的过程。由此可知，网上服装订购服务存在的主要问题是涉及到运输和洗衣不利于环境。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中Although the clothing rental business has many advantages, people still have some concerns.可知虽然服装租赁业务有很多优势，但人们仍然有一些担忧。结合文章分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势，由此可推知，作者对服装租赁服务的态度是客观的。故选C。
第二节（共5小题海小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
“Life is speeding up. ___16___. ” Picture this:You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. Suddenly the computer blanks and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up to get it done.___17___ .
___18___ . Due to these inventions, we are often left feeling stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead a simple life.
One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today, The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a house dating back to 1940.___19___.
The grandmother, Molly, said, “It was hard physically, but not mentally.” She believed life was less materialistic. “___20___. ” she said. The boys said they had less to fight over, their computer, for example. Benjamin also noticed that his grandmother had changed from being a trendy, beer —drinking granny to one who liked cooking things.
A. Are you faced with a completely different situation?
B. Hardly can you succeed in doing something in a perfect way
C. Everyone is getting unwell
D. How can you feel calm and happy?
E. Inventions have speeded up our lives so much
F. They had no microwave, computer or mobile phones
G. The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。生活在加速，发明大大加快了我们的生活。由于这些发明，我们经常感到压力和疲劳。文章主要介绍了英国一个家庭“回到过去”，这对祖父母带着他们的女儿和孙子，10岁的本杰明和7岁的托马斯，在一所可以追溯到1940年的房子里住了9周的事情。
【16题详解】
根据后文Picture this: You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. Suddenly the computer blanks and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up to get it done.可知想象一下这样的场景:你正赶着在电脑上完成作业。你的手机响了。突然间，电脑空白了，你所有的工作都丢了。现在你必须熬夜完成它。由此可知，生活在加速，而每个人都在变得不舒服了。故C选项“每个人都变得不舒服”符合上下文语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文Picture this: You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. Suddenly the computer blanks and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up to get it done.可知想象一下这样的场景:你正赶着在电脑上完成作业。你的手机响了。突然间，电脑空白了，你所有的工作都丢了。现在你必须熬夜完成它。由此可知，结合上文必须熬夜完成作业的例子，可知对此人们无法感到平静和快乐。故D选项“你怎么能感到平静和快乐”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文Due to these inventions, we are often left feeling stressed and tired.可知由于这些发明，我们经常感到压力和疲劳。由此可知，本句是在说明发明对人们生活的影响。后文中these inventions可对应到E选项中Inventions。故E选项“发明大大加快了我们的生活”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a house dating back to 1940.可知这对祖父母带着他们的女儿和孙子，10岁的本杰明和7岁的托马斯，在一所可以追溯到1940年的房子里住了9周。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，在这所老房子里居住，没有一些现代的设备，如微波炉、电脑和手机。故F选项“他们没有微波炉、电脑和手机”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文The grandmother, Molly, said, “It was hard physically, but not mentally.” She believed life was less materialistic.可知她的祖母Molly说:“这对身体来说很困难，但对精神上没有。她认为生活没有那么物质化。由此可知，本句承接上文继续阐述祖母Molly的观点，她认为生活没有那么物质化，那么相反的你拥有的东西越多，生活就越困难了。故G选项“你拥有的东西越多，生活就越困难”符合上下文语境，故选G。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题; 每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D））中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Word came that a 13-year-old girl fell into a sewer(下水道) and was rescued. The girl, Alice, was ___21___for more than 12 hours in the city's ___22___underground sewage system. It was filled with waste liquids and other waste materials ___23___ a a disgusting smell, which was ___24___.
Alice had been playing at a public park with other kids during a family ___25___on Sunday. At one point, the children were on pieces of wood that ___26___ an opening leading to the sewage system. One of the wooden boards ___27___suddenly. Then Alice quickly fell about six meters down and ___28___ in fast-moving waste water. The other children ___29___told adults what had just happened. The adults quickly made an emergency call for help. Rescuers immediately began ____30____ Alice underground— they set cameras on floatation devices, which they put into the sewage system.
Rescuers finally____31____ Alice after seeing image of fingerprints on a pipe. A crew of ____32____ also hurried to the area and opened a hole. The first thing they heard from the girl was “help!”. Hearing Alice's cry, the workers lowered down a ____33____ and strong rope to her. The girl ____34____ onto the rope while the workers ____35____ her up. By the time Alice was found, about 700 meters of pipes had been ____36____ during a 12-hour period, she was taken to the hospital for a full ____37____ examination and then to ____38____ with her family.
More than 100 people took part in the rescue ____39____, Alice was able to find a small area of breathable air and ____40____ there until she was found.
21. A. protected B. hidden C. arrested D. trapped
22. A. shallow B. dangerous C. dry D. unknown
23. A. giving off B. giving away C. going through D. going over
24. A. secure B. refreshing C. useful D. poisonous
25. A. debate B. gathering C. planning D. division
26. A. carved B. indicated C. decorated D. covered
27. A. broke B. destroyed C. disappeared D. fell
28. A. died B. landed C. marched D. swam
29. A. awkwardly B. amusingly C. instantly D. constantly
30. A. searching for B. enquiring about C. turning to D. calming down
31. A. persuaded B. inspired C. found D. seized
32. A. children B. workers C. parents D. photographers
33. A. thin B. short C. loose D. long
34. A. came B. caught C. held D. took
35. A. pulled B. hung C. pushed D. woke
36. A. sold B. selected C. removed D. inspected
37. A. physical B. mental C. considerable D. respectable
38. A. compromise B. part C. reunite D. join
39. A. insurance B. operation C. program D. scheme
40. A. dashed B. glared C. waited D. served
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文记叙了13岁的女孩Alice掉入下水道系统，最终在救援人员的帮助下得救的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩Alice被困在城市危险的地下污水系统超过12个小时。A. protected保护；B. hidden隐藏；C. arrested逮捕；D. trapped受困。根据后文for more than 12 hours in the city's 2 underground sewage system. 可知Alice被困超过12小时。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩Alice被困在城市危险的地下污水系统超过12个小时。A. shallow浅的；B. dangerous危险的；C. dry干的；D. unknown未知的。结合后文It was filled with waste liquids and other waste materials可知城市的地下污水系统充满了废液等废料，很危险。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它充满了废液和其他散发着令人作呕的有毒气味的废料。A. giving off发出；B. giving away赠送；C. going through经历；D. going over复习。结合后文a disgusting smell可知污水系统充满了废液和其他散发着令人作呕的有毒气味的废料。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它充满了废液和其他散发着令人作呕的有毒气味的废料。A. secure安全的；B. refreshing提神的；C. useful有用的；D. poisonous有毒的。结合上文It was filled with waste liquids and other waste materials可知污水系统充满了废液和其他有毒的废料。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周日，在一个家庭聚会上，Alice和其他孩子在一个公园里玩耍。A. debate辩论；B. gathering聚集；C. planning计划；D. division分配。根据上文during a family可知是指一个周日的家庭聚会。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，孩子们站在一块木板上，木板覆盖着通往污水系统的开口。A. carved雕刻；B. indicated表明；C. decorated装饰；D. covered覆盖。根据后文an opening leading to the sewage system.可知木板覆盖着通往污水系统的开口。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一块木板突然断了。A. broke打破；B. destroyed破坏；C. disappeared消失；D. fell落下。结合后文Alice掉了进去，可知一块木板突然断了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Alice迅速下降了大约六米，着陆在了快速流动的废水中。A. died死亡；B. landed着陆；C. marched前进；D. swam游泳。结合后文in fast-moving waste water.可知Alice迅速下降了大约六米，最后着陆在了快速流动的废水中。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：其他的孩子立即告诉大人们刚刚发生的事情。A. awkwardly尴尬地；B. amusingly有趣地；C. instantly立即；D. constantly不断地。发生了这样紧急的事情，孩子们肯定是立即告诉了大人发生的事情。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：救援人员立即开始在地下搜寻Alice——他们在漂浮装置上安装了摄像机，并将其放入污水系统。A. searching for搜寻；B. enquiring about询问……的情况；C. turning to求助于；D. calming down冷静。结合后文they set cameras on floatation devices, which they put into the sewage system.可知救援人员在漂浮装置上安装了摄像机，来搜寻Alice。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援人员在看到一根管子上的指纹后，终于找到了Alice。A. persuaded说服；B. inspired鼓舞；C. found找到，发现；D. seized逮住。结合后文after seeing image of fingerprints on a pipe.可知救援人员通过指纹找到了Alice。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一组工人也赶到现场，并挖了一个洞。A. children孩子；B. workers工人；C. parents父母；D. photographers摄影师。根据后文the workers可知一组工人赶到了现场。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到Alice的叫声，工人们放下一根又长又结实的绳子。A. thin瘦的；B. short短的；C. loose松散的；D. long长的。根据第二段中Then Alice quickly fell about six meters down可知Alice下落了六米深，那么肯定是放下又长又结实的绳子了。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那女孩紧紧抓住绳子，工人们把她拉了上去。A. came来到；B. caught抓住；C. held抓住，握住；D. took带走。根据后文onto the rope可知Alice紧紧抓住了放下来的绳子。此处强调“抓”的状态应用hold，catch强调“抓”的动作。短语hold onto表示“紧紧抓住”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那女孩紧紧抓住绳子，工人们把她拉了上去。A. pulled拉；B. hung悬挂；C. pushed推；D. woke唤醒。Alice在下水道里，工人们肯定是把她往上拉（pulled）上来。短语pull sb. up“把……往上拽”。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alice被发现的时候，在12个小时的时间里，大约有700米长的管道被检查，她被送到医院进行全身体检，然后与家人团聚。A. sold出售；B. selected挑选；C. removed去掉；D. inspected检查。结合上文about 700 meters of pipes had been可知为了找到Alice，大约有700米长的管道被检查了。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Alice被发现的时候，在12个小时的时间里，大约有700米长的管道被检查，她被送到医院进行全身体检，然后与家人团聚。A. physical身体的；B. mental精神的；C. considerable相当大的；D. respectable值得尊敬的。根据上文she was taken to the hospital可知Alice被送往医院做身体的全面检查。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alice被发现的时候，在12个小时的时间里，大约有700米长的管道被检查，她被送到医院进行全面体检，然后与家人团聚。A. compromise妥协；B. part分离；C. reunite重聚；D. join加入。结合后文with her family可知Alice检查了身体后，会与家人团聚。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：超过100人参加了营救行动，Alice找到了一小片可呼吸的空气，并在那里等待，直到她被发现。A. insurance保险；B. operation行动，手术；C. program项目；D. scheme计划。结合上文More than 100 people took part in the rescue可知超过100人参加了这次营救Alice的行动中。rescue operation“营救行动”。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过100人参加了营救行动，Alice找到了一小片可呼吸的空气，并在那里等待，直到她被发现。A. dashed猛冲；B. glared怒视；C. waited等待；D. served服务。根据后文there until she was found可知在Alice被找到之前，她一直在那个有一小片可呼吸空气的地方等着有人来救她。故选C。
第II卷
第二节（共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sweet wormwood （青蒿）is a common plant in China, ___41___ it has the power to cure the deadly disease called malaria(疟疾）. Tu Youyou ___42___ (be）the woman who uses the plant's special power to save millions of lives. The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution.
On October 5th Tu ___43___ （award） the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She shared the prize with two other scientists from the US and Japan. Tu is the first native Chinese person ___44___（receive）a Nobel Prize in natural science. Tu was modest about receiving the award, "It's a success of the whole research team." She also thinks___45___is scientist’s duty to fight for the health of all humans.
When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine ___46___ could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s, things were hard. The team didn't have advanced equipment then. Tu used to test medicines by eating them herself. Her team searched old medicine books at hand and tested over 2,000 traditional___47___（recipe）.
Finally, Tu found artemisinin（青蒿素）in sweet wormwood in 1971. She spent the nest decades ___48___ （try） to improve the medicine. According to World Health Organization, about 200 million people suffer ___49___malaria around the world, and about half a million die each year. Artemisinin is still the____50____（effect）treatment against malaria known today in the world.
【答案】41. but
42. is 43. was awarded
44. to receive
45. it 46. which /that
47. recipes
48. trying 49. from
50. most effective
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，她带领她的团队发现了青蒿素，从而挽救了数百万人的生命。
41题详解】
考查连词。空前语境为：青蒿在中国是一种常见的植物；空后语境为：它有治愈致命疾病——疟疾的能力。根据空处前后语境可以判断，两句为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。
【42题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“who uses the plant' s special power”可知，该句应用一般现在时。又因主语为 Tu Youyou，所以谓语动词用单数。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。根据句中时间状语“On October 5th”可知，用一般过去时。主语Tu与动词award之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was awarded。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。当名词前有序数词修饰时，要用动词不定式作后置定语。根据该句中的“ the first native Chinese person”可以判断，该句应用动词不定式作 person的后置定语。故填to receive。
【45题详解】
考查it的用法。分析该句结构可知，动词不定式短语“ to fight for the health of all humans”作真正的主语，it作形式主语。故填it。
【46题详解】
考査定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为 medicine，空处在从句中作主语，指物，所以用 which或that引导该定语从句。故填which /that。
【47题详解】
考查名词的数。名词recipe为可数名词，根据前面的数词2,000可知，用复数形式。故填recipes。
【48题详解】
考査非谓语动词。 spend time doing sth为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以用v-ing形式。故填trying。
【49题详解】
考査介词。句意：根据世界卫生组织的数据，全世界大约有2亿人患有疟疾，每年大约有50万人死于疟疾。 suffer from为固定搭配，意为“(因疾病、痛苫等)受折磨”。故填from。
【50题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：青蒿素仍然是当今世界已知的最有效的治疗疟疾的药物。根据定冠词the，并结合句意可知，这里用形容词最高级形式。故填most effective。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如小题6就是考查定语从句。句中先行词为名词 medicine，再分析先行词 medicine在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词 medicine带到从句中可知只能作主语，故确定关系词which或that。
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中 共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧ ）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉.
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分.
It is ten years that I began to show interest in collecting stamps. Now my collection of stamp covers almost every category, Chinese zodiacs, place of interest and historical people and events including. Believe it or not, from these small stamps I have learned much about which I can't get from textbooks. Meanwhile, I have made friends with those with same hobby, with whom I constant share my opinions and feelings so long as I've got a value new stamp.
Collecting stamps is a fun and of course has greatly changed my life, bringing many advantages to my study so well as to my life.
【答案】1.that→since
2.of 后边的 stamp→stamps
3.place→places
4.including→included
5. which→what
6.same前加the
7. constant→constantly
8. value→valuable
9.fun前的a去掉
10.so→as
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者的爱好是集邮。集邮是一种乐趣，当它改变了作者的生活，给作者的学习和生活带来了很多好处。
【详解】1.考查固定句型。句意：自从我开始对集邮感兴趣以来已经有十年了。固定句型：It is/has been +一段时间+since 主语+谓语+其他。“自从……多长时间”。故把that改成since。
2.考查名词复数。句意：现在我收集的邮票几乎涵盖了所有类别，包括中国生肖、名胜古迹、历史人物和事件。固定用法：a collection of +名词复数，“……的收藏”。故把stamp改成stamps。
3.考查名词复数。句意：现在我收集的邮票几乎涵盖了所有类别，包括中国生肖、名胜古迹、历史人物和事件。此处指“很多”名胜古迹，所以用名词复数，故把place改为places。
4.考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意：现在我收集的邮票几乎涵盖了所有类别，包括中国生肖、名胜古迹、历史人物和事件。此处Chinese zodiacs, place of interest and historical people and events和include之间是被动关系，句子主语是I，所以这里是过去分词的独立主格结构。故把.including改成included。
5.考查宾语从句。句意：信不信由你，从这些小邮票上，我学到了很多从课本上得不到的东西。此处介词about后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，从句谓语动词缺少宾语，what能其双重作用，故把which改成what。
6.考查定冠词the。句意：我与有相同爱好的人交朋友，只要我得到一枚有价值的新邮票，我就会不断地与他们分享我的观点和感受。此处指“相同的”爱好，用定冠词the。故在same前加the。
7.考查副词。句意：我与有相同爱好的人交朋友，只要我得到一枚有价值的新邮票，我就会不断地与他们分享我的观点和感受。此处share是动词，由副词修饰，故把constant改成constantly。
8.考查形容词。句意：我与有相同爱好的人交朋友，只要我得到一枚有价值的新邮票，我就会不断地与他们分享我的观点和感受。此处stamp是名词，由形容词修饰，故把value改成valuable。
9.考查不可数名词。此处fun是不可数名词，前面不用不定冠词。故把fun前的a去掉。
10.考查固定词组。句意：集邮是一种乐趣，当然极大地改变了我的生活，给我的学习和生活带来了很多好处。固定词组：as well as“也，还有”。故把so改成as。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，近期你收到英国朋友Jack的微信，谈及全球疫情严重流行时传统中医药良好的医治作用，他希望了解更多中医药的优点,请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.完全来自大自然，副作用小；
2.对人的身体进行全面治疗；
3.能够作为治疗艾滋病和癌症的药物。
注意：
1.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2.词数：100词左右。
参考词汇：传统中医药Traditional Chinese Medicine
Dear Jack,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
How is everything going? As is mentioned in your WeChat, Traditional Chinese Medicine has shown great power in 2020 epidemic prevention. Now I'd like to tell you some advantages of it as follows.
To begin with, Chinese herbs come from materials that are purely natural, which have small side - effects. In addition, Traditional Chinese Medicine is increasingly popular with western countries. Last but not least, with further studies, scientists have found that Chinese herbs are useful in treating some illnesses, such as cancer and AIDS.
As a Chinese, I believe that Traditional Chinese Medicine can help to create a healthier world. Do take care!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇提纲类写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，近期你收到英国朋友Jack的微信，谈及全球疫情严重流行时传统中医药良好的医治作用，他希望了解更多中医药的优点,请你给他回信，内容包括：1.完全来自大自然，副作用小；2.对人的身体进行全面治疗；3.能够作为治疗艾滋病和癌症的药物。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：Traditional Chinese Medicine (中医)；to begin with (首先)；Chinese herbs (中药)；side - effects (副作用)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用现在完成时和一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如To begin with, Chinese herbs come from materials that are purely natural, which have small side - effects.运用了非限定性定语从句；Last but not least, with further studies, scientists have found that Chinese herbs are useful in treating some illnesses, such as cancer and AIDS.运用宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
2020年河南省六市高三第二次联考
英语试题
考生注意：
1.答題前，考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号等考生信息填写在答题卡上，并将条形码 准确粘贴在条形码区域內。
2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；非选择題答案使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号在各題的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区城书写的答案无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
5.考试结束，将答题卡交回：
第I卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What does the man want a robot for?
A. Looking after his younger brother.
B. Helping his mother with housework.
C. Playing with him in his free time.
2. Who has a robot?
A. The man. B. The man's sister. C. The woman's sister.
3. What does the man think of the woman?
A. She is careless with money.
B. She has good taste in clothing.
C. She is able to make money.
4. What does the man wish the robot could do?
A. Sing. B. Dance. C. Play chess.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The man's mistake. B. The man's behavior. C. The man's job interview.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完 后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman?
A. A nurse. B. A dentist. C. A researcher
7. What does the woman think of the robot Hanako?
A. Expensive. B. Special. C. Helpless
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman do?
A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A doctor
9. What are the kids in the speakers’ class like?
A. Active. B. Rude. C. Shy.
10. Why does the woman have to leave?
A. Her kid needs to be taken care of.
B. She has another job in a hospital.
C. Her parents are in poor health.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a department store.
12. Who made the robot?
A. A young teacher. B. A German engineer. C. An old cook.
13. What does the woman want to do?
A. Buy her mother a robot cook.
B. Take a cooking course in Beijing.
C. Hold a birthday party.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How long has the man been working in the zoo?
A. For 25 years. B. For 20 years. C. For 15 years.
15. How does the man describe his work?
A. Hard. B. Well -paid. C. Interesting.
16. When does the zoo close in winter?
A. At 4:30 pm. B. At 5 :30 pm. C. At 6:30 pm.
17. What does the man do in the zoo?
A. He clears out cages. B. He feeds the animals. C. He does the management work.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where did Joel live?
A. In Bell. B. In Montebello. C. In Los Angeles.
19. How long did it take Joel to pass his written test?
A. Six days. B. A month. C. Six weeks.
20. How did Joel learn to drive in the end?
A. His uncle taught him.
B. His cousin taught him.
C. He taught himself.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D ）中，选出最佳选项并在题卡 上将该项涂黑。
A
Foods to Eat to Burn More Calories
WATERMELON
Watermelon is brimming with B vitamins which boost your energy levels and curb your need to munch on an extra snack. A cup of diced watermelon contains 46 calories and virtually no fat. Watermelon is a rich source of potassium, dietary fiber, protein, vitamin A, magnesium, vitamin C, and iron.
Watermelon is one of powerful foods to eat to burn more calories. Watermelon is also high in lycopene, the antioxidant that lower your risk of macular degeneration, heart disease, and cancer. With 90 percent water, watermelon is filling you up but are not filling you out. Enjoy fresh watermelon juice, smoothie, or use it any summer fruit salad you like.
GRAPEFRUIT
Grapefruits speed up your metabolism and help burn a lot of calories. This fruit will help feel full faster and longer. According to the U. S. Department of Agriculture National Nutrient Database one half of a grapefruit contains around 53 calories. Moreover, grapefruit is rich in fiber that may help stabilize your blood glucose levels. You can add grapefruit to your fruit salad, smoothies or drink a grapefruit juice.
CELERY
The secret of celery is very simple： it contains less calories and helps burn more than you eat. Celery mostly consists of water and that's why it is good as a part of a balanced diet
However, this food is not suitable for celery diet only as your body won't get the necessary minerals and nutrients. So the best decision will be to combine it with some other foods.
WHOLE GRAINS
Studies show that whole grains are healthier than refined grains and that they lower the risk of getting a chronic disease. This type of grains is also a good part of a diet as it takes more time to digest and you won't get hungry for a longer period of time. Whole grains are rich in various vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates but low in fat.
GREEN TEA
Rich in antioxidants green tea boosts your metabolism and helps lose weight, which is just fantastic for ladies, isn't it? Simply enjoy a cup of hot fragrant green tea and do a great favor to your body.
1. To balance blood glucose levels, you'd better take in regularly.
A. green tea B. whole grains
C. watermelon D. grapefruit
2. From the passage we can know that _______.
A. grapefruit contains more calories than watermelon.
B. whole grains are healthier because they contain more water and various minerals.
C. both grapefruit and green tea can help speed up metabolism for those who are eager to lose weight.
D. having celery diet before a cup of green tea can help get enough nutrients to lose weight.
3. Which column can we read this passage in the newspaper?
A. Book Review B. Health
C. Entertainment D. Learning Kit
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五种可以燃烧更多卡路里的食物，说明了这些食物特性和对人体的好处。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Moreover, grapefruit is rich in fiber that may help stabilize your blood glucose levels.可知此外，葡萄柚富含纤维，可以帮助稳定血糖水平。由此可知，为了平衡血糖水平，你最好经常吃柚子。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Grapefruits speed up your metabolism and help burn a lot of calories.可知葡萄柚能加速你的新陈代谢，帮助燃烧大量的卡路里。以及最后一段中Rich in antioxidants green tea boosts your metabolism and helps lose weight, which is just fantastic for ladies, isn't it?可知绿茶富含抗氧化剂，可以促进新陈代谢，帮助减肥，这对女性来说非常棒，不是吗？由此可知，葡萄柚和绿茶都可以帮助那些渴望减肥的人加速新陈代谢。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍了五种可以燃烧更多卡路里的食物，说明了这些食物特性和对人体的好处。由此可推知，我们可以在报纸的“健康”栏目读到这篇文章。故选B。
B
I've been taking time this week to smell the roses. Literally, I bend over in my neighbors' front yard, check that nobody is watching, and then bury my head in the flowers.
I've also been walking into bakeries and walking around without buying anything. After having surgery on my broken nose 18 months ago, I haven't been able to smell or taste things. This week, however, my nose is back in business. I've been overwhelmed by smells, and it's given me a new way of thinking. Scent is just one of the little bits and pieces that make life enjoyable, but which we often ignore. I remember once, when my son was five months old, I was carrying him down the street. Wind swept through and almost tipped us over. He threw his little head back and giggled. He'd never felt the wind on his face. When is the last time I laughed at the weather?
The first time I ate bacon, I rushed home to my parents, determined that we ate this deliciousness at every meal. My father smiled and agreed. Do you recall when you learned that the voice actors of Mickey and Minnie Mouse were married in real life? Do you enjoy sleeping in new clean bedsheets? Is there someone on the radio whose voice is as smooth as velvet?
We don't write postcards about the small things. We don't frame them in photo-graphs. They aren't that great or grand, but without them, life is altogether too loud. These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive. As my sense of smell returns to me, it's like I'm smelling things for the first time. They're full of memories and magic. Food tastes better, and the air is indeed sweet. I know what the poets mean now. It almost makes my broken nose worthwhile. Now, I am waiting for this bandage to come off. There's an itch I can't reach!
4. The writer in the passage mainly tries to _______.
A. discuss how to enjoy leisure time B. show that she loves doing secret things
C. give examples of how she kills time D. persuade readers to enjoy small things in life
5. According to the writer, “a new way of thinking” in the second paragraph means _______.
A. the ability to discover the joy of small things B. the habit of overcoming ignorance
C. the ability to fully use our limited attention D. the habit of making personal reflections
6. The writer recalls that _______.
A. her father enjoyed sleeping in new clean bedsheets.
B. her son was frightened when feeling the wind on his face.
C. she couldn't resist temptation when eating bacon for the first time.
D. she always ignored the great things in life.
7. One small thing mentioned in the last paragraph is _______.
A. a joyful memory B. a quiet experience
C. the sense of smell D. the simple fact of being alive
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述了作者在嗅觉恢复后对于生活的感悟。作者在断掉的鼻子恢复正常后，发现自己的嗅觉里充满了回忆和魔力，也发觉生活中有很多被忽视的美好，正是这些简单安静的事让我们能享受生活的真谛。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive.可知这些安静的经历让我们有机会享受简单的生活。结合本文主要讲述了作者在嗅觉恢复后对于生活的感悟。作者在断掉的鼻子恢复正常后，发现自己的嗅觉里充满了回忆和魔力，也发觉生活中有很多被忽视的美好，正是这些简单安静的事让我们能享受生活的真谛。由此可推知，作者目的在于说服读者享受生活中的小事情。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中Scent is just one of the little bits and pieces that make life enjoyable, but which we often ignore.可知气味只是让生活变得愉快的小细节之一，但我们经常忽视它。由此可推知，第二段中的“new way of thinking”是指从小事中发现乐趣的能力。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中The first time I ate bacon, I rushed home to my parents, determined that we ate this deliciousness at every meal.可知第一次吃培根的时候，我冲回家找父母，决定每餐都要吃这个美味的培根。由此可知，作者回忆第一次吃培根的时候，她无法抗拒诱惑。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中We don't frame them in photo-graphs. They aren't that great or grand, but without them, life is altogether too loud. These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive. As my sense of smell returns to me, it's like I'm smelling things for the first time.可知我们不会把他们裱在相框里。他们并不是那么伟大或特别重要，但是没有他们，生活就显得太喧嚣了。这些安静的经历让我们有机会享受简单的生活。当我的嗅觉恢复时，我就像第一次闻到东西一样。由此判断出，最后一段中提到的一件小事指的是作者的嗅觉。故选C。
C
Antarctica is known for being a vast land of ice and snow, a place too cold for most life. Despite this, the continent is slowly starting to turn warm. According to the Guardian, the Antarctic has registered a new high temperature for the first time on record, prompting fears of climate instability in the world's iciest place.
On Feb 9, Brazilian researchers at Seymour Island reported a temperature of 20.75℃ on the icy continent of Antarctica. It was almost a full degree higher than the previous re- cord of 19. 8℃ , taken on Signy Island in January 1982.
This record — breaking reading was taken at a monitoring station in the northern part of Antarctica. According to Brazilian soil scientist Carlos Schaefer, the temperature was documented during a 20-year-long research project. The focus of this project is to study the effect that climate change has on the permafrost(永久冻土) within the region. Permafrost is soil that stays frozen for at least two years. Although this is a first record high for Antarctica, Schaefer stressed that “We can't use this to anticipate climatic changes in the future. It's simply a signal that something different is happening in that area.”
But in fact, the last high temperature reading was in the 19℃range. These higher temperatures can cause ice and glaciers in Antarctic regions to melt. The Antarctic peninsula—the long finger of land that stretches towards Argentina—is most dramatically affected. Scientists saw glaciers that have retreated by more than 100 meters in Discovery Bay where the snow melted in little more than a week, leaving dark exposed rock. This melted ice leads to a rise in sea levels that can threaten the safety of coastal areas. It's believed to be behind an alarming decline of more than 50 percent in chinstrap penguin(帽带企鹅) colonies, which are dependent on sea ice.
Like American writer Ernest Hemingway once said, “The Earth is a fine place and worth fighting for.” We should do everything we can to help save our planet. Otherwise, it may become too hot for us to fix.
8. What did Brazilian researchers report on Feb 9?
A. Seymour Island is the warmest region in the Antarctic.
B. Antarctica hit a record high temperature of 20. 75℃.
C. The average temperature of Antarctica ranges from 19. 8°C to 20. 75℃.
D. Antarctica's new record temperature is a full degree higher than the previous decade.
9. What's the main purpose of the 20-year-long research project?
A. To predict possible climatic change in the future.
B. To monitor Antarctica's contributions to world climate change.
C. To explain why the permafrost may cause glaciers to melt.
D. To examine how the permafrost is influenced by climate change.
10. What does the underlined word “retreated” probably mean?
A. moved backward. B. increased in size.
C covered a certain area. D. stretched in an opposite direction.
11. According to the text, the melted glacier may lead to .
A. the pollution of ocean water B. the release of various viruses
C. threats to penguin habitats D. disappearances of coastal cities
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。据《卫报》报道，南极首次出现有记录以来的新高，这引发了人们对这个世界上最冷的地方气候不稳定的担忧。2月9日，一项报告称冰冷的南极洲的温度为20.75℃。文章说明了这个破纪录的读数的来源，以及这种高温对南极地区产生的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中On Feb 9, Brazilian researchers at Seymour Island reported a temperature of 20.75℃ on the icy continent of Antarctica.可知2月9日，在西摩岛的巴西研究人员报告称，冰冷的南极洲的温度为20.75℃。由此可知，巴西研究人员在2月9日报告中提到南极洲达到创纪录的最高温度20.75℃。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中The focus of this project is to study the effect that climate change has on the permafrost(永久冻土) within the region.可知这个项目的重点是研究气候变化对该地区永久冻土的影响。由此可知，这个长达20年的研究项目的主要目的是研究永冻土是如何受到气候变化的影响。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文by more than 100 meters in Discovery Bay where the snow melted in little more than a week, leaving dark exposed rock.可知科学家们发现，发现湾的冰川已经向后退了100多米，那里的积雪在一周多一点的时间里融化了，留下了黑暗的裸露岩石。由此可知，划线单词“retreated”的意思为“向后退”。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中This melted ice leads to a rise in sea levels that can threaten the safety of coastal areas. It's believed to be behind an alarming decline of more than 50 percent in chinstrap penguin(帽带企鹅) colonies, which are dependent on sea ice.可知融化的冰导致海平面上升，这将威胁到沿海地区的安全。人们认为，这是依赖海冰生存的帽带企鹅数量急剧下降50%的原因。由此可知，冰川融化可能会对企鹅的栖息地造成威胁。故选C。
D
In an era when fashion trends can change in a nanosecond(纳秒), people want to keep pace. They'll wear a look a few times and then move on to the next one. In reality, most people can't really afford this.
To meet this demand, online clothing rental services are growing in popularity. Shoppers can pay money online to rent the clothes they need, says the Fashion United website. The first company to put this idea into practice is Rent the Runway. The United States — based company has hit a $ 1 billion valuation. CEO Jennifer Hyman credits its success to the concepts of the sharing economy. She believes that the clothing rental business and the idea of dynamic ownership is a trend in the young generation. “The millennium generation(千禧一代)，the consumer, is so ready to adopt this behavior.” Hyman told CNBC.
She also points out that working women make up one of the biggest consumer groups subscribing to their services. They want more clothes but they have limited space and ability to purchase new fashion. “Rent the Runway can be a solution for them,” Hyman told CNBC, “where they can dress for the job they want and save money and time.”
Although the clothing rental business has many advantages, people still have some concerns. Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline wrote in Elle that “Renting the clothes is not as sustainable as it seems.”
Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented—receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing. Then there's the burden of washing, which has to happen to every item when it's returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry—-cleaning, a high— impact and polluting process. “They can produce hazardous waste and air pollution if not handled correctly, and they're often paired with stain removers that are more toxic than the solvents themselves,” she told the Fashion Platforms website.
12. What is the article mainly about?
A. The fast changes of fashion trends.
B. The development of the sharing economy.
C. What contributes to the popularity of online clothing rental services.
D. The advantages and disadvantages of online clothing rental services.
13. What is behind the success of Rent the Runway according to Hyman?
A. Different fashion tastes. B. Growth of delivery services.
C. The trend of the sharing economy. D. The financial pressures facing consumers.
14. What is the main problem of online clothing subscription services, according to the text?
A. Consumers tend to rent more than they need.
B. They could lead to other unsustainable fashion habits.
C. The shipping and washing involved are not environmentally friendly.
D. People can catch infectious diseases by renting clothes from sick people.
15. According to the passage, the author's attitude towards the rental service is
A. supportive B. indifferent
C. objective D. passive
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了为了跟上流行的趋势而诞生的服饰租赁服务行业，并分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中To meet this demand, online clothing rental services are growing in popularity.可知为了满足这一需求，网上服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。结合文章分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。由此可知，文章的主要内容是说明网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中CEO Jennifer Hyman credits its success to the concepts of the sharing economy.可知该公司首席执行官Jennifer Hyman将其成功归功于共享经济的理念。由此可知，Hyman认为《Rent the Runway》成功的背后是共享经济的发展趋势。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented—receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.可知以运输为例，如果一件物品被租走，它必须通过两种方式——接收和返回。Cline在书中写道，交通运输业在我们的总体时尚习惯中所占的比重仅次于制造业。以及Then there's the burden of washing, which has to happen to every item when it's returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry—-cleaning, a high— impact and polluting process.可知然后就是洗衣的负担，每件衣服退了以后都要洗，不管它有没有穿过。对于大多数租赁服务，这通常意味着干洗，一个高影响和污染的过程。由此可知，网上服装订购服务存在的主要问题是涉及到运输和洗衣不利于环境。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中Although the clothing rental business has many advantages, people still have some concerns.可知虽然服装租赁业务有很多优势，但人们仍然有一些担忧。结合文章分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势，由此可推知，作者对服装租赁服务的态度是客观的。故选C。
第二节（共5小题海小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
“Life is speeding up. ___16___. ” Picture this:You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. Suddenly the computer blanks and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up to get it done.___17___ .
___18___ . Due to these inventions, we are often left feeling stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead a simple life.
One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today, The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a house dating back to 1940.___19___.
The grandmother, Molly, said, “It was hard physically, but not mentally.” She believed life was less materialistic. “___20___. ” she said. The boys said they had less to fight over, their computer, for example. Benjamin also noticed that his grandmother had changed from being a trendy, beer —drinking granny to one who liked cooking things.
A. Are you faced with a completely different situation?
B. Hardly can you succeed in doing something in a perfect way
C. Everyone is getting unwell
D. How can you feel calm and happy?
E. Inventions have speeded up our lives so much
F. They had no microwave, computer or mobile phones
G. The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。生活在加速，发明大大加快了我们的生活。由于这些发明，我们经常感到压力和疲劳。文章主要介绍了英国一个家庭“回到过去”，这对祖父母带着他们的女儿和孙子，10岁的本杰明和7岁的托马斯，在一所可以追溯到1940年的房子里住了9周的事情。
【16题详解】
根据后文Picture this: You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. Suddenly the computer blanks and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up to get it done.可知想象一下这样的场景:你正赶着在电脑上完成作业。你的手机响了。突然间，电脑空白了，你所有的工作都丢了。现在你必须熬夜完成它。由此可知，生活在加速，而每个人都在变得不舒服了。故C选项“每个人都变得不舒服”符合上下文语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文Picture this: You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. Suddenly the computer blanks and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up to get it done.可知想象一下这样的场景:你正赶着在电脑上完成作业。你的手机响了。突然间，电脑空白了，你所有的工作都丢了。现在你必须熬夜完成它。由此可知，结合上文必须熬夜完成作业的例子，可知对此人们无法感到平静和快乐。故D选项“你怎么能感到平静和快乐”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文Due to these inventions, we are often left feeling stressed and tired.可知由于这些发明，我们经常感到压力和疲劳。由此可知，本句是在说明发明对人们生活的影响。后文中these inventions可对应到E选项中Inventions。故E选项“发明大大加快了我们的生活”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a house dating back to 1940.可知这对祖父母带着他们的女儿和孙子，10岁的本杰明和7岁的托马斯，在一所可以追溯到1940年的房子里住了9周。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，在这所老房子里居住，没有一些现代的设备，如微波炉、电脑和手机。故F选项“他们没有微波炉、电脑和手机”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文The grandmother, Molly, said, “It was hard physically, but not mentally.” She believed life was less materialistic.可知她的祖母Molly说:“这对身体来说很困难，但对精神上没有。她认为生活没有那么物质化。由此可知，本句承接上文继续阐述祖母Molly的观点，她认为生活没有那么物质化，那么相反的你拥有的东西越多，生活就越困难了。故G选项“你拥有的东西越多，生活就越困难”符合上下文语境，故选G。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题; 每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D））中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Word came that a 13-year-old girl fell into a sewer(下水道) and was rescued. The girl, Alice, was ___21___for more than 12 hours in the city's ___22___underground sewage system. It was filled with waste liquids and other waste materials ___23___ a a disgusting smell, which was ___24___.
Alice had been playing at a public park with other kids during a family ___25___on Sunday. At one point, the children were on pieces of wood that ___26___ an opening leading to the sewage system. One of the wooden boards ___27___suddenly. Then Alice quickly fell about six meters down and ___28___ in fast-moving waste water. The other children ___29___told adults what had just happened. The adults quickly made an emergency call for help. Rescuers immediately began ____30____ Alice underground— they set cameras on floatation devices, which they put into the sewage system.
Rescuers finally____31____ Alice after seeing image of fingerprints on a pipe. A crew of ____32____ also hurried to the area and opened a hole. The first thing they heard from the girl was “help!”. Hearing Alice's cry, the workers lowered down a ____33____ and strong rope to her. The girl ____34____ onto the rope while the workers ____35____ her up. By the time Alice was found, about 700 meters of pipes had been ____36____ during a 12-hour period, she was taken to the hospital for a full ____37____ examination and then to ____38____ with her family.
More than 100 people took part in the rescue ____39____, Alice was able to find a small area of breathable air and ____40____ there until she was found.
21. A. protected B. hidden C. arrested D. trapped
22. A. shallow B. dangerous C. dry D. unknown
23. A. giving off B. giving away C. going through D. going over
24. A. secure B. refreshing C. useful D. poisonous
25. A. debate B. gathering C. planning D. division
26. A. carved B. indicated C. decorated D. covered
27. A. broke B. destroyed C. disappeared D. fell
28. A. died B. landed C. marched D. swam
29. A. awkwardly B. amusingly C. instantly D. constantly
30. A. searching for B. enquiring about C. turning to D. calming down
31. A. persuaded B. inspired C. found D. seized
32. A. children B. workers C. parents D. photographers
33. A. thin B. short C. loose D. long
34. A. came B. caught C. held D. took
35. A. pulled B. hung C. pushed D. woke
36. A. sold B. selected C. removed D. inspected
37. A. physical B. mental C. considerable D. respectable
38. A. compromise B. part C. reunite D. join
39. A. insurance B. operation C. program D. scheme
40. A. dashed B. glared C. waited D. served
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文记叙了13岁的女孩Alice掉入下水道系统，最终在救援人员的帮助下得救的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩Alice被困在城市危险的地下污水系统超过12个小时。A. protected保护；B. hidden隐藏；C. arrested逮捕；D. trapped受困。根据后文for more than 12 hours in the city's 2 underground sewage system. 可知Alice被困超过12小时。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩Alice被困在城市危险的地下污水系统超过12个小时。A. shallow浅的；B. dangerous危险的；C. dry干的；D. unknown未知的。结合后文It was filled with waste liquids and other waste materials可知城市的地下污水系统充满了废液等废料，很危险。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它充满了废液和其他散发着令人作呕的有毒气味的废料。A. giving off发出；B. giving away赠送；C. going through经历；D. going over复习。结合后文a disgusting smell可知污水系统充满了废液和其他散发着令人作呕的有毒气味的废料。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它充满了废液和其他散发着令人作呕的有毒气味的废料。A. secure安全的；B. refreshing提神的；C. useful有用的；D. poisonous有毒的。结合上文It was filled with waste liquids and other waste materials可知污水系统充满了废液和其他有毒的废料。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周日，在一个家庭聚会上，Alice和其他孩子在一个公园里玩耍。A. debate辩论；B. gathering聚集；C. planning计划；D. division分配。根据上文during a family可知是指一个周日的家庭聚会。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，孩子们站在一块木板上，木板覆盖着通往污水系统的开口。A. carved雕刻；B. indicated表明；C. decorated装饰；D. covered覆盖。根据后文an opening leading to the sewage system.可知木板覆盖着通往污水系统的开口。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一块木板突然断了。A. broke打破；B. destroyed破坏；C. disappeared消失；D. fell落下。结合后文Alice掉了进去，可知一块木板突然断了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Alice迅速下降了大约六米，着陆在了快速流动的废水中。A. died死亡；B. landed着陆；C. marched前进；D. swam游泳。结合后文in fast-moving waste water.可知Alice迅速下降了大约六米，最后着陆在了快速流动的废水中。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：其他的孩子立即告诉大人们刚刚发生的事情。A. awkwardly尴尬地；B. amusingly有趣地；C. instantly立即；D. constantly不断地。发生了这样紧急的事情，孩子们肯定是立即告诉了大人发生的事情。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：救援人员立即开始在地下搜寻Alice——他们在漂浮装置上安装了摄像机，并将其放入污水系统。A. searching for搜寻；B. enquiring about询问……的情况；C. turning to求助于；D. calming down冷静。结合后文they set cameras on floatation devices, which they put into the sewage system.可知救援人员在漂浮装置上安装了摄像机，来搜寻Alice。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援人员在看到一根管子上的指纹后，终于找到了Alice。A. persuaded说服；B. inspired鼓舞；C. found找到，发现；D. seized逮住。结合后文after seeing image of fingerprints on a pipe.可知救援人员通过指纹找到了Alice。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一组工人也赶到现场，并挖了一个洞。A. children孩子；B. workers工人；C. parents父母；D. photographers摄影师。根据后文the workers可知一组工人赶到了现场。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到Alice的叫声，工人们放下一根又长又结实的绳子。A. thin瘦的；B. short短的；C. loose松散的；D. long长的。根据第二段中Then Alice quickly fell about six meters down可知Alice下落了六米深，那么肯定是放下又长又结实的绳子了。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那女孩紧紧抓住绳子，工人们把她拉了上去。A. came来到；B. caught抓住；C. held抓住，握住；D. took带走。根据后文onto the rope可知Alice紧紧抓住了放下来的绳子。此处强调“抓”的状态应用hold，catch强调“抓”的动作。短语hold onto表示“紧紧抓住”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那女孩紧紧抓住绳子，工人们把她拉了上去。A. pulled拉；B. hung悬挂；C. pushed推；D. woke唤醒。Alice在下水道里，工人们肯定是把她往上拉（pulled）上来。短语pull sb. up“把……往上拽”。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alice被发现的时候，在12个小时的时间里，大约有700米长的管道被检查，她被送到医院进行全身体检，然后与家人团聚。A. sold出售；B. selected挑选；C. removed去掉；D. inspected检查。结合上文about 700 meters of pipes had been可知为了找到Alice，大约有700米长的管道被检查了。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Alice被发现的时候，在12个小时的时间里，大约有700米长的管道被检查，她被送到医院进行全身体检，然后与家人团聚。A. physical身体的；B. mental精神的；C. considerable相当大的；D. respectable值得尊敬的。根据上文she was taken to the hospital可知Alice被送往医院做身体的全面检查。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alice被发现的时候，在12个小时的时间里，大约有700米长的管道被检查，她被送到医院进行全面体检，然后与家人团聚。A. compromise妥协；B. part分离；C. reunite重聚；D. join加入。结合后文with her family可知Alice检查了身体后，会与家人团聚。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：超过100人参加了营救行动，Alice找到了一小片可呼吸的空气，并在那里等待，直到她被发现。A. insurance保险；B. operation行动，手术；C. program项目；D. scheme计划。结合上文More than 100 people took part in the rescue可知超过100人参加了这次营救Alice的行动中。rescue operation“营救行动”。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过100人参加了营救行动，Alice找到了一小片可呼吸的空气，并在那里等待，直到她被发现。A. dashed猛冲；B. glared怒视；C. waited等待；D. served服务。根据后文there until she was found可知在Alice被找到之前，她一直在那个有一小片可呼吸空气的地方等着有人来救她。故选C。
第II卷
第二节（共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sweet wormwood （青蒿）is a common plant in China, ___41___ it has the power to cure the deadly disease called malaria(疟疾）. Tu Youyou ___42___ (be）the woman who uses the plant's special power to save millions of lives. The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution.
On October 5th Tu ___43___ （award） the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She shared the prize with two other scientists from the US and Japan. Tu is the first native Chinese person ___44___（receive）a Nobel Prize in natural science. Tu was modest about receiving the award, "It's a success of the whole research team." She also thinks___45___is scientist’s duty to fight for the health of all humans.
When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine ___46___ could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s, things were hard. The team didn't have advanced equipment then. Tu used to test medicines by eating them herself. Her team searched old medicine books at hand and tested over 2,000 traditional___47___（recipe）.
Finally, Tu found artemisinin（青蒿素）in sweet wormwood in 1971. She spent the nest decades ___48___ （try） to improve the medicine. According to World Health Organization, about 200 million people suffer ___49___malaria around the world, and about half a million die each year. Artemisinin is still the____50____（effect）treatment against malaria known today in the world.
【答案】41. but
42. is 43. was awarded
44. to receive
45. it 46. which /that
47. recipes
48. trying 49. from
50. most effective
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，她带领她的团队发现了青蒿素，从而挽救了数百万人的生命。
41题详解】
考查连词。空前语境为：青蒿在中国是一种常见的植物；空后语境为：它有治愈致命疾病——疟疾的能力。根据空处前后语境可以判断，两句为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。
【42题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“who uses the plant' s special power”可知，该句应用一般现在时。又因主语为 Tu Youyou，所以谓语动词用单数。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。根据句中时间状语“On October 5th”可知，用一般过去时。主语Tu与动词award之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was awarded。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。当名词前有序数词修饰时，要用动词不定式作后置定语。根据该句中的“ the first native Chinese person”可以判断，该句应用动词不定式作 person的后置定语。故填to receive。
【45题详解】
考查it的用法。分析该句结构可知，动词不定式短语“ to fight for the health of all humans”作真正的主语，it作形式主语。故填it。
【46题详解】
考査定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为 medicine，空处在从句中作主语，指物，所以用 which或that引导该定语从句。故填which /that。
【47题详解】
考查名词的数。名词recipe为可数名词，根据前面的数词2,000可知，用复数形式。故填recipes。
【48题详解】
考査非谓语动词。 spend time doing sth为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以用v-ing形式。故填trying。
【49题详解】
考査介词。句意：根据世界卫生组织的数据，全世界大约有2亿人患有疟疾，每年大约有50万人死于疟疾。 suffer from为固定搭配，意为“(因疾病、痛苫等)受折磨”。故填from。
【50题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：青蒿素仍然是当今世界已知的最有效的治疗疟疾的药物。根据定冠词the，并结合句意可知，这里用形容词最高级形式。故填most effective。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如小题6就是考查定语从句。句中先行词为名词 medicine，再分析先行词 medicine在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词 medicine带到从句中可知只能作主语，故确定关系词which或that。
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中 共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧ ）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉.
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分.
It is ten years that I began to show interest in collecting stamps. Now my collection of stamp covers almost every category, Chinese zodiacs, place of interest and historical people and events including. Believe it or not, from these small stamps I have learned much about which I can't get from textbooks. Meanwhile, I have made friends with those with same hobby, with whom I constant share my opinions and feelings so long as I've got a value new stamp.
Collecting stamps is a fun and of course has greatly changed my life, bringing many advantages to my study so well as to my life.
【答案】1.that→since
2.of 后边的 stamp→stamps
3.place→places
4.including→included
5. which→what
6.same前加the
7. constant→constantly
8. value→valuable
9.fun前的a去掉
10.so→as
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者的爱好是集邮。集邮是一种乐趣，当它改变了作者的生活，给作者的学习和生活带来了很多好处。
【详解】1.考查固定句型。句意：自从我开始对集邮感兴趣以来已经有十年了。固定句型：It is/has been +一段时间+since 主语+谓语+其他。“自从……多长时间”。故把that改成since。
2.考查名词复数。句意：现在我收集的邮票几乎涵盖了所有类别，包括中国生肖、名胜古迹、历史人物和事件。固定用法：a collection of +名词复数，“……的收藏”。故把stamp改成stamps。
3.考查名词复数。句意：现在我收集的邮票几乎涵盖了所有类别，包括中国生肖、名胜古迹、历史人物和事件。此处指“很多”名胜古迹，所以用名词复数，故把place改为places。
4.考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意：现在我收集的邮票几乎涵盖了所有类别，包括中国生肖、名胜古迹、历史人物和事件。此处Chinese zodiacs, place of interest and historical people and events和include之间是被动关系，句子主语是I，所以这里是过去分词的独立主格结构。故把.including改成included。
5.考查宾语从句。句意：信不信由你，从这些小邮票上，我学到了很多从课本上得不到的东西。此处介词about后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，从句谓语动词缺少宾语，what能其双重作用，故把which改成what。
6.考查定冠词the。句意：我与有相同爱好的人交朋友，只要我得到一枚有价值的新邮票，我就会不断地与他们分享我的观点和感受。此处指“相同的”爱好，用定冠词the。故在same前加the。
7.考查副词。句意：我与有相同爱好的人交朋友，只要我得到一枚有价值的新邮票，我就会不断地与他们分享我的观点和感受。此处share是动词，由副词修饰，故把constant改成constantly。
8.考查形容词。句意：我与有相同爱好的人交朋友，只要我得到一枚有价值的新邮票，我就会不断地与他们分享我的观点和感受。此处stamp是名词，由形容词修饰，故把value改成valuable。
9.考查不可数名词。此处fun是不可数名词，前面不用不定冠词。故把fun前的a去掉。
10.考查固定词组。句意：集邮是一种乐趣，当然极大地改变了我的生活，给我的学习和生活带来了很多好处。固定词组：as well as“也，还有”。故把so改成as。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，近期你收到英国朋友Jack的微信，谈及全球疫情严重流行时传统中医药良好的医治作用，他希望了解更多中医药的优点,请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.完全来自大自然，副作用小；
2.对人的身体进行全面治疗；
3.能够作为治疗艾滋病和癌症的药物。
注意：
1.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2.词数：100词左右。
参考词汇：传统中医药Traditional Chinese Medicine
Dear Jack,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
How is everything going? As is mentioned in your WeChat, Traditional Chinese Medicine has shown great power in 2020 epidemic prevention. Now I'd like to tell you some advantages of it as follows.
To begin with, Chinese herbs come from materials that are purely natural, which have small side - effects. In addition, Traditional Chinese Medicine is increasingly popular with western countries. Last but not least, with further studies, scientists have found that Chinese herbs are useful in treating some illnesses, such as cancer and AIDS.
As a Chinese, I believe that Traditional Chinese Medicine can help to create a healthier world. Do take care!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇提纲类写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，近期你收到英国朋友Jack的微信，谈及全球疫情严重流行时传统中医药良好的医治作用，他希望了解更多中医药的优点,请你给他回信，内容包括：1.完全来自大自然，副作用小；2.对人的身体进行全面治疗；3.能够作为治疗艾滋病和癌症的药物。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：Traditional Chinese Medicine (中医)；to begin with (首先)；Chinese herbs (中药)；side - effects (副作用)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用现在完成时和一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如To begin with, Chinese herbs come from materials that are purely natural, which have small side - effects.运用了非限定性定语从句；Last but not least, with further studies, scientists have found that Chinese herbs are useful in treating some illnesses, such as cancer and AIDS.运用宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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