译林版高中英语必修第二册Unit4ExploringliteratureS3课后巩固练习含解析

Unit4 Exploring literature

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. You have __________ (摧毁) my hopes of happiness.

2. He gave up the a__________ in despair.

3. He stood up and __________ (挺直) his shoulders.

4. The team suffered a shock __________ (失败) in the first round.

5. During the long trip home, Ehlers thought about the small dog he had seen trembling  __________ (与……一起) the road. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)

6. The easiest way to  a__________ this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. (2018·浙江卷)

7. Inspired by his __________(崇高的)spirit, all of us were in high spirits.

8. He was too c__________ to answer their questions.

9. A sudden __________ (闪光) of lightning lit everything up for a second.

10. I went around the world in my __________ (间隙) year.

　 【答案】1. destroyed　2. attempt　3. straightened　4. defeat　5. alongside　6. accomplish　7. noble　8. confused　9. flash　10. gap

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1. We must __________ (strong) our unity in the face of powerful enemies.

2. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as the points you remain __________ (confuse) about.

3. __________ (translation) the following paragraphs into Chinese.

4. Dickens' novels have enriched English __________ (literary)．

5. I never dreamt that I would spend my old age in such comfort and __________ (happy)．

6. It is a great honour for me to share in your __________ (accomplish) and pride today.

7. Many of you have written to us to express your __________ (thought) on the conflict.

8. A badly sunburned face or back is __________ (extreme) painful.

9. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and __________ (near)  half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)

10. I was on the point of __________ (telephone) him when his letter arrived.

　 【答案】1. strengthen　2. confused　3. Translate　4. literature　5. happiness　6. accomplishment　7. thoughts　8. extremely　9.  nearly　10. telephoning

Ⅲ.用合适的介词或副词填空

1. Could you pull ________ a little further?

2. He made one last attempt ________ the world record.

3. I was just on the point ________ leaving when she came in.

4. A survey showed people were confused ________ what they should eat to stay healthy.

5. Hold ________ a minute while I get my breath back.

6. The class stood ________ when the teacher came in.

7. He was disappointed at not getting the job, but he'll  get ________ it.

8. Let's stop chatting and get down ________ work.

9. It shouldn't take long to clear __________ after the party if we all volunteer to help.

10. I hope you'll be happy ________ all my heart and soul.

　 【答案】1. up　2. at　3. of　4. about　5. on　6. up　7. over　8. to　9. up　10. with

Ⅳ.完成句子

1. 我从未见过使他如此生气的情形。

____________________ a situation which made him so angry.

2. 我想知道你在等谁。

I want to know __________________________________.

3. 他闭目坐在那儿。

He sat there __________________________________.

4. 他常开着窗睡觉。

He often sleeps __________________________________.

5. 我将作业检查了一遍，以确定什么都没有漏掉。

I ________________________________ to make sure that nothing had been missed.

　 【答案】1. Never have I seen　2. whom/who you are waiting for　3. with his eyes closed　4. with the windows open　5. went through my homework

Ⅴ.阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Discover Britain through literature

I would like to take you on a journey through Great Britain. You can stay exactly where you are: no passport needed, no flight necessary, just great eagerness to explore. Through these novels you will be able to transport yourself and discover the beauty and the culture of Great Britain.

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen

Jane Austen's romantic novel centers around the Bennet family during the 19th century and the importance of marriage and social expectations. The style of the novel is mocking(嘲讽) and the author uses exaggerated(夸张的)characters to make fun of the society.

Setting: Longbourn (a fictional town) in Hertfordshire

Author: English

Compare your imagination with the real thing and visit Chatsworth House in Derbyshire.

The Harry Potter series by J．K. Rowling

Witches, wizards and wands. It's highly unlikely that you've managed to avoid hearing of Harry Potter. It is a fantastic series of novels which can make you believe in magic and believe that anything is possible.

Setting: Hogwarts (fictional, or is it？！)

Author: Scottish

Make the magic come alive and visit Alnwick Castle in Northumberland, Warner Bros Studios in Watford and Glenfinnan Viaduct.

Oliver Twist (《雾都孤儿》)by Charles Dickens

“Please, sir, I want some more.” The novel follows Oliver's life as an orphan(孤儿) in London and the characters he met while living on the streets.

Setting: London

Author: English

Ulysses by James Joyce

The story follows Leopold Storm and what happened on 16 June 1904. This is a tricky read but it is often thought of as one of the best novels in British literature.

Setting: Dublin

Author: Irish

1. Who mainly wrote novels about magic?

A. Jane Austen.   B. Charles Dickens.  C. Harry Potter.   D. J．K. Rowling.

2. What can we learn about James Joyce?

A. He was a famous magician.   B. He was well­known in Britain.

C. He was born in Dublin.   D. He was an orphan in London.

3. What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage?

A. To introduce British beauty.

B. To encourage readers to read more.

C. To tell readers about Great Britain.

D. To let readers know about Britain through novels.

　 【答案及解析】这是一篇应用文。 介绍了四本能够通过其了解欧洲的文学作品。

1. D　细节理解题。由“The Harry Potter series by J．K. Rowling”下面的“make you believe in magic ”和“Make the magic come alive ”可知答案为D。

2. B　推理判断题。由“Ulysses by James Joyce”下面的内容可知A、C、D都不正确，由“it is often thought of as one of the best novels in British literature”可知 James Joyce在欧洲非常著名。

3. D　写作意图题。由本文的标题“Discover Britain through literature”可知本文的目的是通过介绍几本小说让读者了解欧洲。

B

A setting of a story acts as a photographic backdrop to your plot and interacts with the characters.

Time is the starting point of your setting. You develop your story and combine characters with respect to your chosen time period. Likewise, your story could evolve from a specific time of the day.

A locale, in other words is the clothing of your story. This could be just about any place you have heard of or you created. What follows your locale next is the architecture of the place—for example, if your character is born in a Victorian style house then you will need to add in details like colored brickwork or fireplace to go with your character.

Atmosphere has got to do with the climatic influences in your story. This could mean the heavy rains, mild wind or big earthquakes. Wrapping your story with weather details is a safe way of lightening the mood of your story.

Geography of a place, again, helps to set mood of your story. It could be a strange forest or lifeless river.

Your cultural setting greatly helps with your character. The social practices, history or music, are some of the cultural factors to develop the story.

Senses are extremely vital. Imagine being wakened by the sweet of freshly­cut grass on a summer morning; or sitting by the side of a fireplace while the logs (圆木) crepitate (碎裂); or enjoying a creamy chocolate; or watching the painting on cave walls; or moving one's fingers tenderly through someone's thick hair.

While you can add many layers to your story through the setting elements above, there are chances that as an author, you would fail to see the forest for its trees. In order words, you would be so caught up with the minutiae (微小的细节) details of the settings that you will most likely lose the sight of the plot as a whole. Therefore, you must know what colors are appropriate for your imagery, as overloading your painting with too many colors will make you lose your sense of the subject and of your readers as well.

4. The example of a Victorian style house in the third paragraph is mentioned to show us ______.

A. the locale of a story should match its architecture

B. the locale of a story should be put in a specific time

C. the locale and time are the first two elements of a story

D. the locale and clothing help develop the plot of a story

5. What contribute a lot to the mood of a story according to the passage?

A. Time and locales.   B. Atmosphere and geography.

C. Culture and senses.    D. Culture and geography.

6. Which of the following is an example of the sense of smell?

A. The wood in a fireplace beside you breaks up.

B. What the freshly­cut grass gives up gets you up.

C. You comb someone's hair gently with your fingers.

D. You view an exhibition or have delicious ice­cream.

7. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. What is essential for a story？     B. How to develop a story?

C. What is the setting of a story？    D. How to appreciate a story?

　 【答案及解析】本文是一篇说明文。创作一个好的故事，需要很多的技巧。本文主要解决了创作背景方面的问题。

4. A　推理判断题。例子是用来证明观点的。该例子的观点是What follows your locale next is the architecture of the place和go with your character，可见这个例子就是用来说明故事的地点要有与其相配的建筑。

5. B　细节理解题。根据第四段的a safe way of lightening the mood of your story和第五段的helps to set mood of your story可知答案。

6. B　推理判断题。倒数第二段谈到感官。其中的Imagine being wakened by the sweet of freshly­cut grass on a summer morning就是被刚刚割掉的草的芳香所弄醒。可见是嗅觉。

7. C　标题归纳题。首段第一句就提到故事的背景，接着从时间、地点等六个方面进行详细说明。

Ⅵ.完形填空

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

There is a wonderful old story about the best­known artist, Leonardo da Vinci. When Leonardo was __1__ The Last Supper, it took him several years to complete it. He had __2__ to use live models for Christ and each of the twelve Apostles(使徒). He chose the model for Christ first when he found a man who __3__ both beauty and love on his face.As the years __4__， Leonardo completed all of the Apostles __5__ Judas. Finally，he found a man whose face seemed full of greed and evil. After he __6__ painting the man as Judas, the man asked __7__ Leonardo knew who he was.When Leonardo said no, the man __8__ loudly, “I am the same man you painted years ago as the model for Christ.”

Though this story is certainly not true, it does __9__ a spiritual(精神的)truth.No matter how old or young we are, the __10__ can often show the condition of our deep heart.I have seen wrinkled(有皱纹的) faces that still sparkled (闪耀) with the __11__ of angels when they smiled. I have also seen young faces with eyes as cold as ice.

The good news, __12__， is that it is never too late to change our face and our heart, and __13__ our heart with love and let it shine through our eyes and actions.

I only hope that my own face，no matter how old or wrinkled it __14__， is always the face of love. I hope it is a face of __15__， gentleness，hopefulness and joyfulness. May your eyes always shine with the light of joy. And may everyone who looks at you always see a face full of love.

1. A. designing　　　 B. creating　　　　　C. painting　　　   D. improving

2. A. decided 　　　  B. imagined  　　　 C. ordered  　　 　D. refused

3. A. appeared  　　　B. enjoyed  　　　　C. showed  　　　 D. expressed

4. A. ended up  　　　B. went on 　　　　 C. came up 　　 　 D. turned on

5. A. beside  　　　  B. without 　　　　 C. including  　　 　D. except

6. A. started 　　　   B. stopped 　　　　 C. repeated  　　 　D. enjoyed

7. A. how  　　　    B. why  　　　　   C. if  　　　      D. when

8. A. answered 　　　 B. cried 　　　　   C. shouted  　　　 D. laughed

9. A. discover  　　　 B. learn 　　　　   C. report  　　　  D. tell

10. A. power  　　　  B. faith  　　　　  C. appearance 　   D. attitude

11. A. beauty  　　　  B. hope  　　　　  C. nature  　　　  D. enjoyment

12. A. however 　　　 B. instead 　　　　  C. therefore　　　  D. besides

13. A. fill  　　　     B. equip  　　　 　 C. cover  　　　  D. mix

14. A. suffers 　　　   B. develops  　　　 C. becomes  　　　D. means

15. A. sadness  　　 　B. carefulness 　　　 C. rudeness  　　　D. kindness

　 【答案及解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。Leonardo 画《最后的晚餐》这幅画的时候，找的基督和犹大的模特是同一个人的故事，说明人的外表往往显示出内心深处的东西。作者希望我们改变我们的内心，让内心充满爱，我们的脸上就会显现出善良、温柔、希望和快乐。

1. C　考查动词词义辨析。句意： 当Leonardo在画《最后的晚餐》这幅画时，他花了几年时间才完成。 A. designing设计；B. creating创作；C. painting绘画；D. improving提高。根据背景知识，Leonardo是著名画家，应该是画《最后的晚餐》这幅画。故选C项。

2. A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定对基督和十二使徒中的每一个人都用活生生的模特。A. decided决定；B. imagined想象；C. ordered命令；D. refused拒绝。根据下一句“He chose the model for Christ”可知，Leonardo决定以现实生活中的人为画中人物的模特。故选A项。

3. C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他发现一个男人，在他的脸上既表现出美丽，又表现出爱的时候，他首先选择了他作为基督的模特。A. appeared似乎，显现；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. showed表现出；D. expressed表达。故选C项。4. B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，Leonardo完成了除犹大以外的所有使徒。 A. ended up以……告终；B. went on继续，(时间)流逝；C. came up走上前；D. turned on打开。此处指几年的时间过去了。故选B项。5. D　考查介词词义辨析。句意同上。A. beside在旁边；B. without没有，不；C. including包括；D. except除……之外。根据下文“After he __6__ painting the man as Judas”可知，十二个使徒中，除了犹大还没有完成，其他的使徒都画完了。故选D项。

6. A　考查动词词义辨析。句意： 在他开始把这个人画成犹大后，那个人问Leonardo是否知道他是谁。A. started开始；B. stopped停止；C. repeated重复；D. enjoyed享受。Leonardo找到了犹大的模特后，就开始动手画。故选A项。

7. C　考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. if是否，如果；D. when什么时候。几年前Leonardo以这个人为基督的模特，现在又将他作为犹大的模特。因此这个人想问Leonardo是否记得他。故选C项。

8. C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Leonardo说不知道时，那人大声喊道：“我就是你多年前画的基督的模特。”A. answered回答；B. cried哭；C. shouted喊叫；D. laughed笑。根据loudly可知，这个人是大声叫喊。故选C项。

9. D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这个故事不是真的，但是它确实讲了一个精神方面的真理。A. discover发现；B. learn学习；C. report报告；D. tell讲述，告知。Leonardo的故事告诉人们一个真理。故选D项。

10. C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我们年龄多大或多年轻，外表往往能显示出我们内心深处的状况。 A. power力量；B. faith信念；C. appearance外表；D. attitude态度。根据下文“wrinkled(有皱纹的) faces”和“young faces”可知，一个人的外表可以表现出内心。故选C项。

11. A　考查名词词义辨析。句意： 我看到过布满皱纹的脸，当他们微笑时，仍然闪烁着天使般的美丽。 A. beauty美丽；B. hope希望；C. nature自然；D. enjoyment享受。根据sparkle和angels可知，虽然他们年老，但脸上却闪耀着美丽的光芒。故选A项。

12. A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，好消息是，改变我们的脸和我们的内心永远不会太晚，让爱填满我们的内心，让它通过我们的眼睛和行为发光。A. however然而；B. instead相反； C. therefore因此；D. besides此外。上文提到“有的人年纪很轻，但是内心冰冷”；作者在这里提出“change our face and our heart”，上下两段之间是转折的关系，however表示转折。故选A项。

13. A　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fill填充；B. equip装备；C. cover覆盖；D. mix混合。短语fill…with“用……装满，填满”。作者认为要让我们的内心充满爱，通过我们的眼神和行为让爱闪闪发光。故选A项。

14. C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只希望我自己的脸，无论它变得多么苍老，布满多少皱纹，总是一张充满爱意的脸。A. suffers受苦；B. develops发展；C. becomes变得，成为； D. means意味着。become是系动词，old or wrinkled作表语，become old or wrinkled是系表结构。故选C项。

15. D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这是一张善良、温柔、希望和快乐的脸。A. sadness悲伤；B. carefulness小心；C. rudeness粗鲁无礼；D. kindness善良。kindness、gentleness、hopefulness和joyfulness都是表达美好意义的词汇。故选D项。

Ⅶ.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Have you ever been to the world's smallest bookstore？　　The World's Smallest Bookstore, 1.________ official name is just these three words, sits2.________ (quiet) about 100 miles northeast of Toronto.

The bookstore is about 10 feet by 10 feet, so it is easy 3.________ (imagine) how tiny it really is.The bookstore is open 24 hours 4.________ day. Inside the bookstore 5.________ (be) various books, especially literary books and classic authors' works. So if you are looking for something less popular, you may get a bit 6.________ (disappoint) there.

Another special feature of this bookstore is that each book only costs three dollars. All the expenses 7.________ (pay) on the honor system, which means buyers should make a note of what they've bought and leave their money by 8.________ (them). So the 9.________ (tool) of the trade in this bookstore are quite simple: pens, paper, light bulbs and a label­maker.

In order to catch passers­by's attention, the billboards(广告牌) of the bookstore are several times bigger 10.________ the store itself.With these large eye­catchers, many people are willing to stop by and have a visit.

　 【答案及解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上最小的书店。

1. whose　考查定语从句。“________ official name is just these three words”是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，所以填whose。

2. quietly　考查副词。修饰动词sits用副词，所以填quietly。

3. to imagine　考查非谓语动词。考查句型：It＋be＋adj.＋to do…，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，所以填to imagine。

4. a　考查冠词。这家书店一天24小时营业。泛指“每天”，所以填不定冠词a。

5. are　考查时态和主谓一致。various books是复数意义，且时态为一般现在时，所以填are。

6. disappointed　考查形容词。此处意为“(感到)失望的”，表示人的感受，所以填disappointed。

7. are paid　考查语态。expenses和pay之间为被动关系，所以填are paid。

8. themselves　考查反身代词。by oneself独自地，是固定用法。

9. tools　考查名词单复数。谓语动词是are，所以用名词复数，故填tools。

10. than　考查介词。根据形容词比较级bigger可知用than，所以填than。

Ⅷ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I wouldn't have achieved any success in writing without my grandma and my husband's encouragement.

The summer I turned 11 I spent two weeks with my grandparents. There were no other kids in the neighborhood. I was afraid I would die of boredom. I missed my friends back in my hometown, missed riding my bike everywhere. I even missed my brother and sister.

One afternoon Grandma was in the kitchen. “When's Grandpa coming home？” I asked. Maybe he'd take us for a ride out.

“He's out of town for a meeting and won't be home till tomorrow.” She opened the door and the heat came out.

“I'm bored，” I said. “There's nothing to do here.”

“Oh, there's plenty to do，” she said. “You just have to use your imagination.”

Oh, I had an imagination all right. At night I'd call to Grandma from the guest room, terrified that I heard a noise in the closet or saw a face at the window. “There's no one here but us，” Grandma would say, rubbing my back until I fell asleep.

It's too bad that imagination deserted me in the daytime. “I can't think of anything，” I said.

“How about a little trip？” she asked.

We walked along the brick sidewalks. We crossed the street. I saw the movie theater. My heart began to race. I loved movies! But, no, Grandma walked right past the theater. “Here we are，” she said, stopping in front of a store. “I thought you might like to go to Switzerland.”

“But this is a bookstore，” I said. Had the heat gone to Grandma's head?

She pushed open the glass door, nodded to the sales clerk and walked to the children's section. Her fingers danced along the covers of the books until they came to a thick volume bound in brown cloth. She pulled it off the shelf and handed it to me.

“Here you go. It's one ticket to the snow­covered Alps, Switzerland.”

I looked at the title. “Heidi？” I'd never heard of it. “Is it any good？”

“There's only one way to find out. It's about a girl who goes to stay with her grandfather like you！”

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Back at the apartment Grandma lay down for a nap._____________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Twenty years ago my husband said, _________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

One possible version：

Back at the apartment Grandma lay down for a nap. I sat in Grandpa's armchair and opened the book. How right Grandma was! I was absorbed in the girl in the snow­covered Alps. She learns to love reading like me! Wasn't that exactly what had happened to me? She had heard my plea. She had changed my imagination from my fears to my best dreams. That book opened a whole new world, a world I've delighted in exploring. I began to love reading and I have got into the habit of reading a lot from then on. I'm always reading something, recommending something.

Twenty years ago my husband said, “You love books so much. Why don't you write your own？” I did. And I've kept at it. So far, I've had more than 20 books published. Just like Grandma showed me that long­ago summer, there's plenty to do. I just have to use my imagination.