黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题

这是一份黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题，共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学2021-2022学年高三上学期
期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Have you ever experienced any inconvenience caused by language barriers while traveling? Have you ever thought how awesome those language courses would be if they didn't cost so much money and require so much time?
Translaty is created to serve this purpose-without wasting your money and time on language courses, you can instantly become "fluent" in more than 40 languages with this genius device!
What is Translaty?
Translaty is a simple yet life-changing invention that helps you to overcome any obstacles caused by foreign languages, whether you are in business with an international client or sunbathing somewhere on a Spanish beach. This small but smart device is able to instantly recognize and translate over 40 different languages, making intercultural communication completely effortless!
What languages can I actually communicate in?
Translaty has more than 40 languages pre-installed, so you're able to use it the minute you get it! It provides fast and accurate two-way communication and allows you to install some other languages that might be missing.
What makes Translaty so special?
* It makes traveling easier-you'll forget language barriers and become "fluent" in 40+ languages.
* It helps you with business-strengthening your international business relationships. It's easier when you speak the same language.
* It assists you in daily life-allowing you to overcome language differences between you and your foreign friends.
* It's convenient and easy to use-the lightweight and simple design insures it's there when you need it the most.
* It offers highly accurate, two-way translations.
* Its high sounding and recording qualities insure there are almost no misunderstandings.
To sum up-get it while you can!
1．What can Translaty help users do?
A．Learn foreign languages well. B．Better understand foreigners.
C．Build relationships with colleagues. D．Spend less time learning a language.
2．What is special about Translaty?
A．It's reliable. B．It's strong. C．It's affordable. D．It's secure.
3．What's the purpose of the text?
A．To report. B．To introduce. C．To appeal. D．To advertise.

Clearing Your Plate with Tech
Multiple actions have been taken to fight food waste, but one young man is making a big difference with technology.
Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini- program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas.
Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year. It has swept over 1,017 universities across the country.
The one-month campaign attracted almost 1.6 million participants and collectively reduced food waste by 862 tons and carbon emissions by 3,337 tons, The China Youth Daily reported.
The idea to develop such a mini-program came from Liu's experience in a canteen. In 2017, he found that a restaurant would give diners who finished off their food a card and offer small gifts after a certain number of cards had been collected.
“Technological innovation is a good way to reduce food waste,” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2017. To solve the AI’s problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018, the mini-program was officially put into operation on Oct 16, World Food Day. They then launched a campaign later that year.
“There were so many unknowns in research and development. For our team members, the biggest psychological challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it,” Liu said. They not only achieved their goal, but now, the mini-program has more than 5 million registered users, according to Liu.
Thanks to his innovative and practical actions concerning social issues, Liu, along with the other 16 members, stood out among more than 7,600 candidates around the world to be inducted into the 2020 Class of Young Leaders for the Sustainable Development Goals by the UN Office of the Secretary General’s Envoy on Youth in September.
“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation by encouraging them to cherish their food and develop the habit of thrift,” Liu told China Daily.
“Through the campaign, we hope to inspire everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to global food security challenges,” he added.
4．What can we learn about the “Clear Your Plate” mini-program?
A．It aims to put an end to waste and encourage thrift.
B．Its present registered users are mostly students.
C．It helped reduce food waste by 3,337 tons.
D．It is an exchange of good deeds for rewards.
5．What challenge did Liu Jichen and his team face?
A．They found it tough to promote the campaign.
B．They felt uncertain whether they could complete the project.
C．They lacked professional technical support.
D．They had difficulty gathering enough samples.
6．Which of the following best describes Liu Jichen?
A．Optimistic and demanding. B．Generous and responsible.
C．Talented and humorous. D．Creative and determined.
7．What does the article mainly talk about?
A．The influence of the “Clear Your Plate” mini-program across China.
B．A meaningful mini-program made by a group of young people.
C．The power of AI technology to fight food waste in China.
D．A response from young people to food security challenges.

My favorite thing about autumn is that I have an excuse to make my mom apple cake again. So, I always thought, once my first child was in primary school, I would enjoy taking part in bake sale fundraisers.
Instead, I fear them. I do not imagine that funds for football uniforms appear out of thin air. So I dutifully show up to each bake sale with home-made cakes.
Still, bake sales trouble me. They feel like a holdover from a time when many moms didn’t work and it was supposed they had a lot of time to bake cookies for children. Women who don't have the time to bake at home and who bring packaged cookies are seen as breaking a great American tradition.
What are we selling at bake sales, anyway? Are we advertising our baking skills? Or is the goal to raise money? Children happily buy cupcakes from a store, so why do we care that nobody in a home kitchen worked late into the night to make them?
Actually, if you look closely at the economics, they just don’t add up. We might spend $10 on ingredients to make 18 cupcakes that sell for $2 each. Think of this $26 as profit supposing that the hours spent shopping and baking and packing things up and taking them to school, and possibly selling and cleaning up afterward, don’t have value. Volunteering your time and energy to something important is worth praising. But neither the ingredients nor the work is “free”, and many parents can't afford to give them away.
This is not an attack against people who love to make banana bread and have the time to do so. But most people do not. Most parents struggle to get even the most basic parenting tasks finished in the limited time between the end of the workday and children’s bedtimes. It feels crazy to take time away from helping with homework, or actually making dinner, to spend hours on a fundraiser.
8．What can we learn about the author?
A．She loves baking. B．She is active at school.
C．She likes home-made food. D．She is against fundraising.
9．Why do bake sales trouble the author?
A．She has to buy cakes in stores.
B．Home-made baking is a burden.
C．Some moms don’t attend bake sales.
D．Moms are showing off their baking skills.
10．What does the example in Paragraph 5 show?
A．Ingredients are too expensive. B．It is uneconomical to bake at home.
C．It is hard to raise money at bake sales. D．Ready-made cakes are popular at school.
11．What does the author think of the time involved in baking?
A．It is increasing. B．It is rewarding.
C．It is highly valued. D．It is unavailable for many.

The secrets of dreaming are always interesting psychologists. It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time between childhood and full adulthood, that’s around 30, are the strongest and most influential. Yet not enough is known about the repeated patterns of dreaming. Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges?
G. William Domhoff and Adam Schneider, at the University of California, help to answer this question by examining the lengthy dream series of two individuals, “Izzy” and “Jasmine”. Izzy provided a collection of 4, 329 dream reports from between the ages of 12 and 25, while Jasmine provided 664 dreams recorded between the ages of 14 and 25.
Large collections of dreams like these pose challenges to researchers. Until recently, the means of studying dream series was to employ a team of recorders who take the time to code each dream for a predetermined(预先确定的)number of content categories, and then compare their results. Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, accuracy, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However, it can only lead so far.
To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings(词串)for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. For Izzy these word strings included “family and relatives”, “celebrities” and “fantasy”, while the word strings they created for Jasmine included “familiar places,” electrical equipment” and “music”. The researchers used these word strings to identify connections between their dreams and real lives. Surprisingly, the results of the analysis revealed a great deal of consistency(一致性)and continuity in both sets of dreams. Izzy pays much attention to pop culture, and has affection for famous actors. Jasmine is an accomplished musician and performer.
“The frequencies of dream elements show the intensity(强度)of the dreamer’s personal concern with that element in waking thought,” Domhoff and Schneider conclude. For anyone who still claims dreaming is merely random nonsense from the brain and mental world, these findings are hard to explain away.
12．What do psychologists agree with about dreams?
A．Dreams are influenced by life experiences.
B．Dreaming is never nonsense from the brain.
C．Dreams in one’s teens and twenties are strongest.
D．The patterns of dreaming are usually repeated.
13．What does “it” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The collection of dreams.
B．Research into dreaming.
C．The digital method.
D．The challenge for psychologists.
14．How do the researchers conduct their study?
A．By analyzing large data sets.
B．By developing individualized word strings.
C．By identifying the patterns of dreaming.
D．By making comparison with traditional research.
15．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．New tech, new finding
B．Dreams: reflections of waking reality
C．Lives, languages, dreams
D．Life experiences: elements of mental world

二、七选五
Self-disciplined people are not all outstanding people.16．Some of them read every day. Some of them never run late. The real difference between an elite person and an ordinary person is that an elite person can manage his or her time well.17．
What people call self-discipline is in fact self-management. One example is staying fit. Never underestimate someone who is in good shape. Anyone who has ever tried to lose weight knows that it’s not easy.18．If someone is in good shape, it shows that he knows the principles of staying fit and is able to stick to a plan that uses these principles.
If someone is in good shape, it means that this person is good at managing themselves and their time.19．It also shows that this person is able to keep persevering and can balance long-term goals with short-term goals. So if someone is in good shape, he or she is more than just healthy.
20．First of all, set a goal and write down your reasons for wanting to achieve it. Create a list of all the things you need to do to achieve this goal and start to work on them one at a time. With self-discipline, small things in life will no longer trouble you. Only through self-discipline can you truly own your future.
A.How do you learn self-management?
B.That’s where their success comes from.
C.This skill gives you the power to stick to your decisions.
D.But nearly all outstanding people are self-disciplined people.
E.Whether it is natural or acquired, it is a great skill.
F.It’s even harder to avoid putting weight back on.
G.Self-discipline means self control, which is a sign of inner strength.

三、 完形填空
From the window of my room, I could see a tall cotton-rose hibiscus (木槿). In spring when green leaves were half 21 by mist, the tree looked very charming dotted with red flowers. This 22 neighbor often set my mind working. I gradually regarded it as my best friend.
23 , when I opened the window one morning, to my 24 , the tree was almost bare beyond 25 as a result of the storm the night before. Struck by this scene, I was 26 with a sudden sadness at the thought “all the flowers are doomed to fall”. I could not help 27 with emotion: the 28 of life never runs smooth, for there are so many ups and downs, twists and turns. The vicissitudes (变迁) of my life saw my beloved friends 29 one after another. Isn’t it similar to the tree whose flowers fell in the 30 ?
This event 31 from my memory as time went by. One day after I came home from the countryside, I found the room airless and 32 opened the window. Something outside 33 my eye. It was a plum (梅子) tree all red with flowers beautifully set off by the sunset. The surprise discovery struck me with 34
When the last petal (花瓣) dropped, all the joyful admiration for the hibiscus was gone as if nothing was left, 35 the landscape was again charming with the red flowers to 36 people of life’s alternation (替代) and continuance. Can’t it be said that life is actually a symphony, a 37 composition of gain and loss?
Standing by the window lost in thought for a long time, I realized no scenery in the world remains 38 . As long as you keep your heart 39 in the sun, every dawn will 40 a fine prospect and the world will always be about new hopes.
21．A．revealed B．hidden C．exposed D．shown
22．A．interesting B．amusing C．changing D．inspiring
23．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Consequently
24．A．annoyance B．delight C．relief D．surprise
25．A．praise B．description C．recognition D．comparison
26．A．associated B．decorated C．linked D．seized
27．A．laughing B．sighing C．crying D．praying
28．A．course B．quality C．standard D．aim
29．A．gathering B．greeting C．parting D．fleeing
30．A．wind B．sun C．shade D．light
31．A．turned away B．faded away C．got away D．pulled away
32．A．casually B．regretfully C．guiltily D．angrily
33．A．stuck B．caught C．appealed D．flew
34．A．satisfaction B．confusion C．enthusiasm D．pleasure
35．A．after B．when C．until D．because
36．A．warn B．remind C．inform D．rid
37．A．valid B．disgusting C．harmonious D．dull
38．A．untouched B．unnoticed C．unknown D．unchanged
39．A．bathed B．lost C．absorbed D．trapped
40．A．form B．award C．design D．present

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
One of the biggest Internet41．(succeed) is a website called Friends Reunited. Friends Reunited brings together—that is, unites—old friends,42．used to be close, but have not seen each other for a long time. The website was begun in 1999 by a London couple called Stephen and Julie Pankhurst. Julie wanted to know what her old school friends were doing. Did they all have families43．their own? Did they still live in the same area?......
Stephen and his business partner, Jason Porter, built44．website. Slowly, people heard about the site and became interested. By the end of 2000 the site had 3,000 members. Then the website45．(mention) on a radio programme and afterwards the site became46．(increase) popular.
How can you find old friends47．(use) Friends Reunited? It's very easy. People join the website and give information about48．—the name of their old school, the neighbourhood they lived in, the college they went to, etc. To find an old friend, you type in their name, school …. You may find that your friend is a member of the website, and you can then contact him or her through the website. Most people are very happy49．(reply) , and people often become friends again as a result. Thanks to Friends United, millions of people50．(find) each other again to date.

五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was a little kid, I dreamed of keep a dog as my pet and companion. My parents disagreed, saying that I was too young that I couldn’t take care of me, let alone a dog. I didn’t give up. Instead, I tried to be independence and often helped with housework. A few month later, my parents found that I had become more considerate than before. They finally approve of my request. On my eighth birthday, they bought me lovely dog as a gift. Followed my parents’ directions, I’ve learned how to raise the dog. I still miss those old days that we accompanied with each other.

六、其他应用文
52．假如你是李华，你的英国笔友David上周写信询问你的体育爱好。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.你喜欢的运动项目及原因，
2.现在参加该运动的情况如何，
3.询问对方的体育爱好。
注意：1.词数：100左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。


参考答案
1．B
2．A
3．D
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一款翻译设备，通过它，用户可以立即流利地使用40多种语言。
1．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Translaty is a simple yet life-changing invention that helps you to overcome any obstacles caused by foreign languages, whether you’re in a business meeting with an international client or sunbathing somewhere on a Spanish beach.（Translatey是一个简单但改变生活的发明，它帮助你克服任何由外语造成的障碍，无论你是在与国际客户的商务会议上，还是在西班牙海滩的某个地方日光浴。）”可知，它可以帮助用户更好地理解外国人。故选B项。
2．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分“What makes Translaty so special?（是什么让Translaty如此特别？）”中的“Its high sounding and recording qualities insure there are almost no misunderstandings.( 它的高音和录音质量确保几乎没有误解。)”可知，它的特别之处是十分可靠（reliable）。故选A项。
3．
推理判断题。通读全文，并根据文章第二段“Translaty is created to serve this purpose-without wasting your money and time on language courses, you can instantly become "fluent" in more than 40 languages with this genius device!（Translaty就是为了这个目的而创建的，在不浪费你的金钱和时间在语言课程的基础上，使用这款设备，您可以立即“流利”地使用40多种语言！）”可知，这篇课文的目的是做广告。故选D项。

4．D
5．B
6．D
7．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了23岁的清华大学学生刘继晨带领团队开发了一款名为名为“清盘”的微信小程序，可以通过光盘行动来为帮助贫困农村儿童。介绍了他们开发这一程序背后的经过以及这次活动的积极意义。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini- program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas.( 23岁的刘继晨是清华大学的一名学生，他开发了一款名为微信的小程序，名为“清盘”。饭后，用户可以打开小程序，给自己的空盘子拍一张照片。一旦图像被人工智能识别出来，学生们就可以用这些积分来购买礼物或购买捐赠给贫困农村儿童的慈善餐)”可知，“清盘”小程序是一种用善行换取回报的行为。故选D。
5．
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“For our team members, the biggest psychological challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it(对于我们的团队成员来说，最大的心理挑战是我们是否有足够的信心去完成它)”可知，刘继晨和他的团队面临的挑战是他们不确定是否能完成这个项目。故选B。
6．
推理判断题。根据第六段中“To solve the AI’s problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples in canteens and restaurants. (为了解决人工智能识别空盘子照片的问题，该团队花了半年时间在餐厅和餐厅收集了超过10万个样本)”以及倒数第三段“Thanks to his innovative and practical actions concerning social issues, Liu, along with the other 16 members, stood out among more than 7,600 candidates around the world to be inducted into the 2020 Class of Young Leaders for the Sustainable Development Goals by the UN Office of the Secretary General’s Envoy on Youth in September.(由于他在社会问题上的创新和实际行动，刘和其他16名成员在全球7600多名候选人中脱颖而出，于9月被联合国秘书长青年特使办公室纳入2020年可持续发展目标青年领袖班)”可推知，刘继晨有创造力和决心。故选D。
7．
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini- program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas.(23岁的刘继晨是清华大学的一名学生，他开发了一款名为微信的小程序，名为“清盘”。饭后，用户可以打开小程序，给自己的空盘子拍一张照片。一旦图像被人工智能识别出来，学生们就可以用这些积分来购买礼物或购买捐赠给贫困农村儿童的慈善餐)”以及第三段“Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year. (去年11月，刘和他的团队与其他组织一起发起了“清盘”活动，这已经是第三年了)”结合文章主要介绍了23岁的清华大学学生刘继晨带领团队开发了一款名为名为“清盘”的微信小程序，可以通过光盘行动来为帮助贫困农村儿童。介绍了他们开发这一程序背后的经过以及这次活动的积极意义。可知，这篇文章主要讲了由一群年轻人制作的有意义的小程序。故选B。

8．A
9．B
10．B
11．D
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了虽然作者喜欢烘焙，但是认为烘焙义卖筹款活动是一种负担。这种行为既不经济合理，很多家长也没有太多时间去烘焙。
8．
细节理解题。根据第一段“My favorite thing about autumn is that I have an excuse to make my mom apple cake again. So, I always thought, once my first child was in primary school, I would enjoy taking part in bake sale fundraisers.(关于秋天我最喜欢的事情就是我又有借口给我妈妈做苹果蛋糕了。所以，我一直在想，一旦我的第一个孩子上了小学，我就会喜欢参加烘焙义卖筹款活动)”可知，作者喜欢烘焙。故选A。
9．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Still, bake sales trouble me. They feel like a holdover from a time when many moms didn’t work and it was supposed they had a lot of time to bake cookies for children. Women who don't have the time to bake at home and who bring packaged cookies are seen as breaking a great American tradition.(尽管如此，糕饼义卖还是困扰着我。他们感觉像是一个时代遗留下来的东西，那时很多妈妈不工作，人们认为她们有很多时间为孩子们烤饼干。没有时间在家里烤饼干和带包装饼干的女性被视为打破了一个伟大的美国传统)”可知，烘烤食品销售会困扰作者因为自制的烘焙是一种负担。故选B。
10．
推理判断题。根据第五段“Actually, if you look closely at the economics, they just don’t add up. We might spend $10 on ingredients to make 18 cupcakes that sell for $2 each. Think of this $26 as profit supposing that the hours spent shopping and baking and packing things up and taking them to school, and possibly selling and cleaning up afterward, don’t have value. Volunteering your time and energy to something important is worth praising. But neither the ingredients nor the work is “free”, and many parents can't afford to give them away.(实际上，如果你仔细观察经济情况，你会发现它们并不合理。我们可能会花10美元购买原料来制作18个2美元一个的纸杯蛋糕。 把这26美元想象成利润，假设花在购物、烘焙、打包、送东西到学校，以及可能的出售和事后清理上的时间都没有价值。把你的时间和精力奉献给一些重要的事情是值得表扬的。但这些材料和工作都不是“免费的”，许多家长也负担不起)”可推知，第5段的例子说明了在家烤面包不经济。故选B。
11．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“This is not an attack against people who love to make banana bread and have the time to do so. But most people do not. Most parents struggle to get even the most basic parenting tasks finished in the limited time between the end of the workday and children’s bedtimes. It feels crazy to take time away from helping with homework, or actually making dinner, to spend hours on a fundraiser.(这并不是对那些喜欢做香蕉面包并且有时间做的人的攻击。但大多数人都没有。在工作日结束和孩子就寝之间的有限时间内，大多数父母甚至很难完成最基本的育儿任务。从辅导家庭作业或做晚饭中抽出时间来做募款活动，这感觉很疯狂)”可推知，作者认为对许多人来说没有时间进行烘焙。故选D。

12．C
13．C
14．B
15．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要是讲对梦境对现实的反应的研究。
12．
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time between childhood and full adulthood, that’s around 30, are the strongest and most influential.”(在这个领域，人们普遍认为，从童年到成年的这段时间，也就是30岁左右，人们所做的梦是最强烈和最有影响的。)可知，十几岁和二十几岁的梦想是最强烈的。故选C。
13．
词句猜测题。根据第三段倒第三句“Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, accuracy, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However, it can only lead so far.”(如今，数字技术使人们能够快速、准确、客观地分析梦中的语言使用情况。这标志着关于梦的科学的革命性进步。然而，它只能走到目前为止。)可推知，it指代上文提到的数字技术，即数字技术只能走这么远，存在不足。故选C。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings（词串）for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. ”(为了获得更具体和详细的见解，多姆霍夫和施耐德为每位做梦者量身定制了字串，将传统研究的元素与分析大型数据集的数字工具相结合。)可知，研究人员通过开发个性化的字串来进行研究。故选B。
15．
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges?”(研究人员仍在试图回答一个基本问题：做梦与生活经历和发展挑战有何关系？)结合下文对相关研究的介绍可知，文章主要是讲对梦境对现实的反应的研究。故 “梦：清醒现实的反映”可以作为本文最佳标题，可以吸引读者。故选B。

16．D
17．B
18．F
19．E
20．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自律的人并不都是优秀的人，但是几乎所有杰出的人都是自律的人。文章论述了自律的重要性以及进行自我管理的方法。
16．
根据上文“Self-disciplined people are not all outstanding people.(自律的人并不都是优秀的人)”以及后文“Some of them read every day. Some of them never run late.(他们中的一些人每天阅读。有些人从不迟到)”可知，后文列举了一些自律的人的良好行为习惯，本句与上文构成转折，指出杰出的人都很自律，D选项中all outstanding people对应后文中them。故D选项“但是几乎所有杰出的人都是自律的人”符合语境，故选D。
17．
根据上文The real difference between an elite person and an ordinary person is that an elite person can manage his or her time well.(精英和普通人的真正区别在于，精英能很好地管理自己的时间)”可知，上文提到精英能很好地管理自己的时间，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这一做法的意义：是他们成功的来源。故B选项“那就是他们成功的来源”符合语境，故选B。
18．
根据上文“One example is staying fit. Never underestimate someone who is in good shape. Anyone who has ever tried to lose weight knows that it’s not easy.(一个例子就是保持健康。永远不要低估身材好的人。任何曾经尝试过减肥的人都知道这并不容易)”以及后文“If someone is in good shape, it shows that he knows the principles of staying fit and is able to stick to a plan that uses these principles.(如果某人身材很好，这表明他知道保持健康的原则，并且能够坚持使用这些原则的计划)”可知，本段主要是关于保持健康和好身材的人是如何做的，上文提到减肥并不容易，故本句也应是与体重相关的论述，F选项中weight与上文中weight相对应。故F选项“要避免体重反弹就更难了”符合语境，故选F。
19．
根据上文“If someone is in good shape, it means that this person is good at managing themselves and their time.(如果一个人状态很好，这意味着这个人善于管理自己和自己的时间)”以及后文“It also shows that this person is able to keep persevering and can balance long-term goals with short-term goals. So if someone is in good shape, he or she is more than just healthy.(这也表明这个人能够保持毅力，能够平衡长期目标和短期目标。所以，如果一个人是处于很好的状态，他或她不仅仅是健康)”可知，本段主要说明了一个人状态很好，说明这个人善于管理自己和自己的时间，故本句应承接上文对“这个人善于管理自己和自己的时间”这一技能进行评价。故E选项“无论是天生的还是后天习得的，这都是一项伟大的技能”符合语境，故选E。
20．
根据后文“First of all, set a goal and write down your reasons for wanting to achieve it. Create a list of all the things you need to do to achieve this goal and start to work on them one at a time. With self-discipline, small things in life will no longer trouble you. Only through self-discipline can you truly own your future.(首先，设定一个目标，并写下你想要实现它的原因。为实现这个目标，列出你需要做的所有事情，然后一次做一件。有了自律，生活中的小事情将不再困扰你。只有通过自律，你才能真正拥有自己的未来)”可知，本段的主旨是如何进行自我管理，故A选项“你如何学习自我管理？”符合语境，故选A。

21．B
22．D
23．C
24．D
25．C
26．D
27．B
28．A
29．C
30．A
31．B
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．C
36．B
37．C
38．D
39．A
40．D
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文作者主要通过观察自家的一棵木槿树的花落花开而对人生有了很深的领悟：世界上没有任何风景是不变的，只要你的心沐浴在阳光下，每一个黎明都会为你展现一个美好的前景，世界将永远充满新的希望。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：春天里，绿叶半掩在薄雾中，点缀着红花，这棵树显得格外迷人。A. revealed揭露；B. hidden隐藏；C. exposed暴露；D. shown展示。根据上文“when green leaves were half”指绿叶半掩在薄雾中，应用hide。故选B。
22．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个鼓舞人心的邻居经常让我思考。A. interesting有趣的；B. amusing有趣的；C. changing变化的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据后文“I gradually regarded it as my best friend.”以及上文描述的景象可知，作者认为这棵树在春天生机勃发，很鼓舞人心。故选D。
23．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天早上当我打开窗户时，令我吃惊的是，由于前一天晚上的暴风雨，那棵树几乎光秃秃的,面目全非。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外，另外；C. However 然而；D. Consequently因此。根据后文描述可知，因为木槿树被暴风雨弄的面目全非，和上文的满树红花形成转折关系，需用副词however。故选C。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天早上当我打开窗户时，令我吃惊的是，由于前一天晚上的暴风雨，那棵树几乎光秃秃的，面目全非。A. annoyance恼怒，生气；B. delight开心；C. relief 如释重负；D. surprise惊讶。结合上下文可知，满树红花的木槿一夜之间变得光秃秃了，所以此处表示作者感到惊讶。故选D。
25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天早上当我打开窗户时，令我吃惊的是，由于前一天晚上的暴风雨，那棵树几乎光秃秃的，面目全非。A. praise赞扬；B. description描述；C. recognition辨认；D. comparison比较。根据句中的“almost bare”和“as a result of the storm the night before.”可知，因为暴风雨，那颗树变得光秃秃的，无法辨认了。故选C。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到“所有的花都是注定要凋零的”，我的心突然凉了下来。A. associated联系；B. decorated装饰；C. linked联系；D. seized(情绪)突然控制。根据后文“ a sudden sadness at the thought “all the flowers are doomed to fall”可知，作者一想到这句话，就因悲伤而情绪突然失控。故选D。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不禁发出一声感叹:人生的道路从来不是一帆风顺的，因为有那么多的起起落落和波折。A. laughing大笑；B. sighing感叹；C. crying哭泣；D. praying祈祷。根据后文“the…of life never runs smooth”可知，这是作者的感叹。故选B。
28．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不禁发出一声感叹:人生的道路从来不是一帆风顺的，因为有那么多的起起落落和波折。A. course课程，道路； B. quality质量；C. standard标准； D. aim目标。根据后文“for there are so many ups and downs, twists and turns.”可知，人生的道路从来都不是一帆风顺的。故选A。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我变迁的人生见证了我心爱的朋友们相继离别。A. gathering聚集；B. greeting寒暄；C. parting离开；D. fleeing逃跑。根据前文“The vicissitudes of my life”可知，因为作者的人生有了变迁，所以会看到朋友的离别。故选C。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不像那棵花被风吹落的树吗？A. wind风；B. sun太阳；C. shade树荫；D. light光。根据常识可知，花大多是被风吹落的。故选A。
31．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，这件事从我的记忆中消失了。A. turned away避开；B. faded away逐渐消逝；C. got away逃离；D. pulled away脱身。根据后文“as time went by”和常识可知，随着时间的流逝，作者逐渐淡忘了那件事情。故选B。
32．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我从乡下回到家里，发现屋里闷得很，就随手开了窗。A. casually随意地；B. regretfully后悔地；C. guiltily内疚地； D. angrily生气地。根据空前“I found the room airless”可知，因为闷热，所以作者习惯性地随手打开窗户。故选A。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：外面的东西引起了我的注意。A. stuck刺，戳；B. caught抓住；C. appealed呼吁；D. flew飞。根据后文“It was a plum tree all red with flowers set off beautifully by the sunset.”可知，一树李花引起了作者的注意，catch one's eyes“引起某人的注意”。故选B。
34．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个意外的发现使我欣喜若狂。A. satisfaction满意；B. confusion困惑；C. enthusiasm热情；D. pleasure乐趣。因为意外发现窗外开着李花，这让作者欣喜若狂。故选D。
35．
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：木槿的最后一片花瓣凋零后，所有对它的喜爱都消失了，仿佛什么都没有了，直到大地上又开满了娇艳的红花，提醒人们生命的更迭与延续。A. after在……之后；B. when当……时候；C. until直到；D. because因为。根据后文“people of life’s alternation and continuance.”可知，此处表示直到大地上又开满了娇艳的红花，提醒人们生命的更迭与延续。故选C。
36．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：木槿的最后一片花瓣凋零后，所有对它的喜爱都消失了，仿佛什么都没有了，直到大地上又开满了娇艳的红花，提醒人们生命的更迭与延续。A. warn警告；B. remind提醒；C. inform告知；D. rid除掉。由前文“the landscape was again charming with the red flowers”可知，因为大地上又开满了娇艳的红花，所以此处表示提醒人们生命的更迭与延续。故选B。
37．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人生难道不就是一场有得与失的和谐乐章吗？A. valid有效的，合法的；B. disgusting令人厌恶的；C. harmonious和谐的；D. dull无聊的。根据空后“gain and loss”可知，因为提到了得失，所以此处表示和谐的生活乐章。故选C。
38．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：站在窗前沉思良久，我突然意识到，世间没有不变的风景。A. untouched未触动过的；B. unnoticed没有注意的；C. unknown未知的；D. unchanged不变的。根据后文“every dawn will present a fine prospect and the world will always be about new”可知，一切都在改变，即没有不变的风景。故选D。
39．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要你的心沐浴在阳光下，每一个黎明都会呈现美好的前景，世界总是充满新的希望。A. bathed沐浴；B. lost丢失；C. absorbed吸收；D. trapped困。根据常识和后文“in the sun”可知，此处表示让我们的心在阳光下沐浴，会看到不一样的风景。故选A。
40．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要你的心沐浴在阳光下，每一个黎明都会呈现美好的前景，世界总是充满新的希望。A. form形成；B. award奖励；C. design设计；D. present呈现。根据后文“a fine prospect”指呈现美好的前景，应用present。故选D。

41．successes
42．who
43．of
44．the
45．was mentioned
46．increasingly
47．using
48．themselves
49．to reply
50．have found
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个成功的互联网网站Friends Reunited。

41．考查名词。句意：互联网上最大的成功之一是一个名为“Friends Reunited”的网站。根据“One of the biggest Internet”可知，空处应填入可数名词复数形式，结合提示词succeed可知，应填入名词success的复数形式，故填successes。

42．考查定语从句。句意：相聚的朋友们聚在一起，也就是说，把以前很亲密但很久没见面的老朋友们团结在一起。分析句子结合句意可知，此处引导一个定语从句，先行词friends指人，且从句缺少主语，所以用who代替先行词，引导从句，作从句的主语，故填who。

43．考查介词。句意：他们都有自己的家庭吗？短语“of one’s own”为固定搭配，表示“某人自己的……”，故填of。

44．考查冠词。句意：斯蒂芬和他的商业伙伴杰森·波特建立了这个网站。根据前文内容可知，已提到过Friends Reunited这个网站，所以website前应用定冠词the。

45．考查谓语动词。句意：随后，该网站在一个广播节目中被提及，随后该网站变得越来越受欢迎。分析句子可知，空处为句子的谓语，由语境和并列句谓语动词became可知，时态为一般过去时，且mention与主语之间为被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动形式was/were done，主语the website为单数，be动词用was，故填was mentioned。

46．考查副词。句意：随后，该网站在一个广播节目中被提及，随后该网站变得越来越受欢迎。空处修饰形容词popular，应用副词修饰形容词，increase的副词形式为increasingly，表示“越来越多地，不断增加地”，故填increasingly。

47．考查非谓语动词。句意：如何通过“Friends Reunited”找到老朋友?分析句子可知，已有谓语动词can find，use应用非谓语动词形式，与主语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词表主动，故填using。

48．考查代词。句意：人们加入这个网站并提供关于他们自己的信息——他们的老学校的名字，他们住的社区，他们上的大学，等等。分析句子可知，空处缺少宾语，结合破折号后的句意可知，此处表示“关于他们自己的内容”，应用反身代词作宾语，故填themselves。

49．考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数人都很乐意回复，因此人们经常再次成为朋友。“be happy to do”表示“乐意做某事”为固定搭配，不定式作状语，故填to reply。

50．考查时态。句意：多亏了Friends Reunited，至今有数百万人又找到了彼此。分析句子可知，空处为句子的谓语，由语境和时间状语to date(至今)可知时态用现在完成时have/has done，主语millions of people为复数，助动词用have，故填have found。

51．1. keep→keeping
2. too→so
3. me→myself
4. independence→independent
5. month→months
6. approve→approved
7. lovely前加 a
8. Followed→Following
9. that→when
10. accompanied后with删除
【分析】
本文为一篇记叙文，叙述了作者小时候想养一只狗，但是父母不同意，通过自己的努力使父母改变观点，最终父母买了一只狗作为生日礼物送给作者的故事。
【详解】
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我梦想养一只狗作为我的宠物和伙伴。keep作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故keep改为keeping。
2.考查副词。句意：我的父母不同意，说我太小了，不能照顾自己，更不用说狗了。此处为结果状语从句，修饰形容词young应用副词so，构成so…that…句型。故too改为so。
3.考查代词。句意：我的父母不同意，说我太小了，不能照顾自己，更不用说狗了。此处指照顾“我自己”应用反身代词myself。故me改为myself。
4.考查形容词。句意：相反，我试着独立，经常帮忙做家务。作表语，应用形容词independent。故independence改为independent。
5.考查名词的数。句意：几个月后，我的父母发现我比以前更体贴了。month为可数名词，由a few修饰应用复数形式。故month改为months。
6.考查时态。句意：他们终于同意了我的请求。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故approve改为approved。
7.考查冠词。句意：在我八岁生日时，他们给我买了一只可爱的狗作为礼物。dog为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且lovely是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故lovely前加 a。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：在父母的指导下，我学会了如何养狗。分析句子结构可知follow在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，另外，句首单词首字母大写。故Followed改为Following。
9.考查定语从句。句意：我仍然怀念那些我们相伴的日子。此处为定语从句修饰先行词days，先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故that改为when。
10.考查动词用法。句意：我仍然怀念那些我们相伴的日子。accompany为及物动词，可直接跟宾语，不需要介词。故accompanied后with删除。
52．Dear David,
I am glad to receive your letter. Now I’m writing to tell you about my favorite sports.
Of all the sports, I like table tennis best. I think playing table tennis is beneficial to both physical and mental health, as it not only helps to build up my strength and confidence but also brings pleasure to my life. What’s more, it makes me more energetic and effective in my study. I began to show great interest in it at the age of seven. Now I’m on the school table tennis team. To improve my skills, I practice playing table tennis with my teammates and friends every weekend after finishing our homework.
By the way, I’m curious about your hobby. Would you please tell me about it? Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你是李华，你的英国笔友David上周写信询问你的体育爱好。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
高兴：happy→glad
爱好：interest→hobby
改善：improve→promote
快乐：joy→pleasure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I began to show great interest in it at the age of seven.
拓展句：I began to show great interest in it when I was seven years old.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] I think playing table tennis is beneficial to both physical and mental health, as it not only helps to build up my strength and confidence but also brings pleasure to my life. (运用了as引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] To improve my skills, I practice playing table tennis with my teammates and friends every weekend after finishing our homework. (运用了不定式作目的状语)