2022年牛津译林版中考英语模拟任务型阅读专项练习II

牛津译林版中考英语模拟任务型阅读专项练习

（一）

Many people think stress is bad for health. It raises (增加) the risk of everything from the common cold to serious diseases. Usually, we turn stress into the enemy. However, a study has given us a whole new look at it.

In the study, if people with lots of stress don’t believe stress can harm them, they will have the lowest risk of dying, including people with a little stress.

Can changing how you think about stress make you healthier? Science says yes. When you change your mind about stress, you can change your body’s response (反应) to stress. People who consider the stress response as helpful for their life are less stressed, less worried and more confident. How you think and act can change your experience of stress. When you choose to think your stress response is helpful, you create the biology of courage. When you are stressed and choose to communicate with others, you can create resilience (韧性).

You can get away from the bad influences of stress on your health. The most amazing thing is that stress makes you social. Your stress response wants to make sure you notice others in trouble so that you can support each other. When life is hard, your stress response wants you to stay with people who care about you.

Also, stress is not useless. It helps us reach our hearts. Our kindness finds joy and meaning in contacting others. Your heart beats so fast to give you strength and energy. You should think of stress in a new way. If so, you’re not just getting better at stress. You can trust yourself to deal with challenges and believe you don’t have to face them on your own.

How do you make a choice between a stressful life and without stress? Stress lies in many meaningful things. So the best answer is to go after what creates meaning in your life.

Then trust yourself to deal with the stress that follows and make friends with it.

（二）

We all dream about things that we would like to do and things we hope to achieve in the future. But are everybody’s dreams the same? Here are some of the findings of a survey about hopes and dreams in which thousands of students across China took part.

What are the hopes of teenagers? We received several different answers to the question: what would you like to do after you finish your education? It seems that some students would like to start work as soon as they can., so that they can help offer their parents better lives. Other students hope to go on studying after they finish school and to go to university. Although money is important, many teenagers said they want to do jobs they like. According to the survey, the most popular choice of job is computer programming. What are the dreams of teenagers? Teenagers have all kinds of dreams. Some are more realistic than others. For example, many students said they would like to be volunteers if Beijing could hold the World Cup, maybe working as translators or tour guides. And quite a few said they dream of having a trip to every corner of the world one day.

According to the survey, less realistic dreams are also common, but many students reported that they were willing to work hard to achieve dreams. Quite a few dreamed of becoming famous, perhaps famous sports people or singers. Some students said they would like to go on exciting trips. One student said she would love to sail across the Pacific Ocean. And then there are dreams that are impossible. Three students said they would like to be able to fly!

Conclusion: It was clear from the survey that teenagers have similar hopes. It seems that most students hope to have a good education and find a good job. On the other hand, students dream of very different things: good things, and even crazy things. It is very important to dream, so hold on to your dreams; one day they may just be realized.

（三）

Exams are a fact of school life for most people. Almost everyone worries about them and feels stressed, although they have prepared well.

A little stress caused by the exams is useful as it can sharpen your mind and motivate（激发）you to do well. But too much stress can stop you working to the best of your abilities, so it’s important not to let it get out of control. Here are some ideas to help you.

The keys to being prepared for exams and avoiding unnecessary exam stress are knowing what you need to know, planning and preparing for your revision（复习）, and giving yourself enough time to do it.

If you can, find a copy of the syllabus for each subject. This tells you what you need to know and gives you the topics for revision.

Make a week-by-week revision timetable chart to display in your work space. Include the topics you need to cover for each subject.

About 12 weeks before your first exam, record the dates and times for each of your exams in your planner or diary and make a copy to put on your wall at home.

During your exam period, you want your brain to work at its very best, so build in relaxation time before bed, avoid late night revision sessions and try to go to bed early so you get enough sleep. If panic（惊慌）starts to creep in, try to replace your negative thoughts with more positive（积极的）ones, such as ‘It’s going to be OK? If you have difficulty answering a question, leave it and move on to the next one—don’t spend time tying yourself in mental（思想上的）knots over each question.

You are not alone while dealing with the stress. Call psychological（心理的）hotline to share your worries and get help from others going through the same experience. Remember that there is life after exams. Things may feel stressful right now, but it won’t last forever. And then the rest of your life will still be there.

（四）

Reading is fun! You can also analyze texts（文本）to learn more from the texts and about the texts. One way you can do this with fiction books, passages, or poems is by exploring their themes.

A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events. The writer may express his or her thoughts about humanity or a worldview through a theme. Themes can be ideas like friendship, bravery, love, honesty or family. Make sure you know what the writer is saying.

Sometimes, themes are hard to find out. First, the theme may not be able to be included in just one word like the examples above. There may also be more than one theme in the text. What’s more, some themes are not presented in the words directly. You have to use clues in the texts to find them.

To start exploring the theme, first you need to make sure you’ve read the whole text. Since themes develop over time, you can’t fully understand the underlying themes until the end of the text. Then, ask yourself to sum up（概括）the text and try to work out a “big idea”. For example, did many characters resolve problems with their families? If there was only one small problem with a character’s family, then “family” might not be the theme of the text. Finally, after finding out a “big idea”, go through the text to find examples that support this idea. You needn’t repeat every detail of the story-a few key examples will be fine.

Now you are ready to explore the theme of a text!

（五）

The population of Earth is still going up. There will be less and less good land for growing crops in the future. People worry that there will not be enough food for everyone in the middle of this century.

Recently scientists have discovered one strange plant named fedtschenkoi (玉吊钟) may help. It can absorb (吸收) carbon dioxide (CO2) at night. It only needs 10 times less water than food plants like beans. This means it can grow in the desert.

In which ways could this plant help us?

Since deserts are increasing in size because of the changes in Earth’s climate, growing plants there will be more and more important. Although it is dangerous to eat this plant, scientists can still study something about it: how it absorbs CO2 at night while many other plants only do this during the day, and why it is suited to the desert.

There is another direction to take the research in. Producing a desert plant to eat will be difficult, but it is possible to use the genes (基因) from this plant and put them into food plants.

The other way is to grow this type of plant for fuel(燃料). At the moment we grow plants for fuel in good land. If we do it in deserts instead, more good land can be used to grow plants for food.

Desert plants have special qualities, which could be an answer to our future food or energy needs. Scientists are working hard on it.

参考答案

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