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2022年中考英语解题方法之阅读理解课件
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这是一份2022年中考英语解题方法之阅读理解课件，共24页。
解题方法：针对此类设题，考生需要在有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速浏览文章，发现文章中的细节信息，然后抓取关键词，定位到原文中来解题。注意：一定要注意勾画文章中的关键句及关键词
eg，1. Five peple were waiting fr an interview in a rm f a cmpany(公司). Inside the rm, they culd d whatever they liked, except using the phne r the Internet. Q: The five peple were waiting fr ________． A．an interview B．a meeting C．a phne call D．a meal
2. Liu Xiuxiang was brn in a pr family. When he was 4, his father died. His mther develped mental(精神的) health prblems. When he was 10, his elder brther and sisters left and never returned. T make a living, Liu cllected rubbish, and in high schl he wrked 18 hurs a day during summer vacatins. Hwever difficult it was, he never gave up his study.Q: Hw lng did Liu Xiuxiang wrk during summer vacatins in high schl?A．4 hurs a day. B．10 hurs a day. C．12 hurs a day. D．18 hurs a day.
此类题型要求考生对文章的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推断出隐含在文章中的事实及暗示的含义。常见的推理判断有以下三种：1．针对文中细节的推断2．针对文章出处的推断3．针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向、意见等的推断
eg，1. Anther chice is electricity. Electric cars can be as efficient(效能好的) as cars using gasline. And they prduce less pllutin. But electric cars themselves are mre expensive. Gd news is that the cst has been lwer and there are mre and mre places fr the cars t get electricity ever since 2010. Q: Accrding t Paragraph 3, we can infer that electric cars ________．A．prduce less pllutinB．will becme mre and mre expensiveC．will becme mre ppularD．are mre efficient than thse using gasline
类型三：词义/句意猜测
此类题目在设置时，词义猜测多为生难词，句意猜测多为同义句的转换，考生需要重点掌握根据上下文推测生词、短语或句子意思的技巧。1．根据上下文语境猜测2．通过同义词或近义词猜测词义3．通过反义词或反义关系猜测词义4．通过生活常识猜测词义
1. On the third mrning, they arrived earlier. Still, n news came. By midday, mst f them were irritated. Sme thught the cmpany did nt care fr them. Sme regretted cming here. Only ne man was different. He was happy all thse days. He kept smiling while the thers cmplained(抱怨)．Q: The underlined wrd “irritated” in Paragraph 4 prbably means “________”．A．快活的 B．愤怒的 C．放松的 D．胆怯的
2. After leaving the earth last summer, Zhu Rng circled Mars fr several mnths and landed n it in May. In recent years, ur cuntry has sent up the wrld's first quantum satellite(量子卫星), and Chang'e4 has made a sft landing n the mn. We have made great prgress in space technlgy and will sn start building ur wn space statin. Q: The underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refers t “________”．A．the earth B．Mars C．the mn D．the sun
类型四：段落/主旨大意
段落/主旨大意题要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对段落内容或文章内容进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这类题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语就断章取义。在涉及文章的主题(main idea)、结论(cnclusin)、结局(end)等有关问题时，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断，从而挖掘出文章中隐含的信息。1．开门见山式2．藏龙卧虎式3．藏头露尾式4．首尾呼应式
标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。选择标题在英语阅读理解题中，是深层理解题。一般从两个方面考查：1．关注核心及高频词汇2．根据主题句提炼标题
Facial recgnitin technlgy(人脸识别技术) is widely used tday. Fr example, plice use it t search fr bad guys. It's als used t unlck phnes r drs. Nw, a similar technlgy, knwn as facial detectin(探测), is entering a new field: the business f advertising(广告). Such systems are ging thrugh tests in a small number f stres. One facial detectin system can judge a persn's “happiness” r “fear” level. That helps businesses see hw peple feel as they lk at prducts r advertisements in the stre. Anther system can detect whether smene is wearing eyeglasses. If s, stres can send advertisements fr new glasses t him.
Facial detectin technlgy is als placed inside sme large advertising bards. Cameras in thse bards can detect infrmatin like peple's ages and five levels f feelings—frm “very happy” t “very unhappy”. Supprters f the technlgy say it culd imprve buyers' experience by shwing prducts they might like r by ffering them prducts at lwer prices. Sme are against the idea f using such systems. Pam Dixn, the head f a privacy(隐私) grup, is ne f them. She thinks ▲ . Fr example, a business culd raise the price f a prduct accrding t a persn's age and feelings.
Hwever, ne stre testing the technlgy explained they wuldn't stre peple's infrmatin like names r ages. And the advertising bard system maker said it didn't keep any persnal infrmatin r recrd any vides.Q: The best title f the passage may be “________”．A．Facial recgnitin technlgy entering a new fieldB．Facial recgnitin technlgy lking fr bad guysC．Facial detectin technlgy ging int advertising fieldD．Facial detectin technlgy imprving buyers' experience
Natinal Smile Mnth is the largest and lngest muth health activity in the UK. Starting in 1977, it is celebrating its 42nd birthday frm May 14 t June 14 this year.Q: Natinal Smile Mnth in the UK has had a histry f ________ years s far.A．5 B．14 C．42 D．77
文章的结构是文章部分与部分、整体与部分之间的内在联系和外部形式的统一。常见的文章结构方式为总分式，即先总述，再分说。这种关系还可以演变为：“分—总”或“总—分—总”的结构方式。解答此类题通常可以把选项带入原文去判断分段是否合理；要注意段落之间的标志语句，通常写同一件、同一类事情的段落不分开，总写的段落要和细节描述的段落分开。
此类题型，主要是考查学生的逻辑思考能力。一般来说，主要是考查一个段落中前后句的逻辑关系，或者考查段与段之间的逻辑关系。可能是总分关系、因果关系、并列关系等。
句子排序题常采用“观察＋对比＋定位＋排除”的方法：首先观察选项的特点，一般情况下，四个选项中都是有两个相同的选项作为事件发生的顺序开头，到文中去定位，排除错误的选项；接着进行第二轮对比排除，最后得到正确答案。下面介绍常用的解题方法：1．先易后难。选择自己最熟悉、最明显的答案先判断，根据“先易后难”的原则逐个排除。2．找关键词。如表顺序的at first, first, secnd, third等。3．上下句联系。这种题所采用的语句一般都是在上句与下句或上半句与下半句之间有一定的对应关系，我们只要抓住它们的关联关系就可以解答了。
After mnths f expectatin and secrecy, the fficial masct ( 吉 祥 物 ) f the 2022 Winter Olympic Games - a giant panda-inspired cartn character- -made its first public debut with cheers at Beijing's Shugang Ice Hckey Arena. The panda is named“Bing Dwen Dwen" in Chinese. Bing means "ice" in Chinese, while DwenDwen suggests“health and cleverness- characteristics als shared by pandas. Pandas are perhaps the mst recgnized animal species in China, rganizers said.
"Pandas cmbine China's traditinal culture and its mdem appearance tgether with wintersprts elements in a fascinating image that shws ur great expectatins fr the Games and shws thatwe welcme the wrld," said Beijing Mayr Chen Jining, wh als serves as an executive presidentn the rganizing cmmittee. “I have already seen the masct and frm what I've seen, it's a wnderful chice," IOC PresidentThmas Bach said befre intrducing the character."“The masct really takes in the best elements andcharacteristics f China and the Chinese peple. It will be a great ambassadr(大使) fr the cuntryand the 24th Winter Olympics"
The ring f light surrunding the masct's face is suggestive f ice and snw tracks, as well as the flwing“ribbns”f the Natinal Speed Skating Oval. The val is ne f tw new cmpetitin sites in dwntwn Beijing expected t becme a landmark f the Games, accrding t its chief designer Ca Xue. The intrductin f the mascts marks the key pint f a jurney that began in August 2018, when Beijing rganizers started a glbal design cmpetitin fr the mascts. A ttal f 5,816 designs were received frm 35 cuntries, and were reviewed by Chinese and internatinal experts in a cmprehensive evaluatin(综合评价) and selectin prcess. The new masct will serve as spirited symbl f the Games that will take place in the three znes f dwntwn Beijing, the suburban district f Yanqing and c-hst city Zhangjiaku in surrunding Hebei prvince.
1. What des the underlined wrd“debut" in paragraph 1 mean?A. Design. B. Appearance. C. Understanding. D. Attentin.2. What des Bach think f the masct?A. Surprising. B. Enjyable. C. Satisfying D. Interesting.
3. What's paragraph 5 mainly abut?A. The rigin ( 起源) f the masct image. B. The intrductin t the masct designer.C. The hard wrk behind the masct design. D. The hidden meaning f the masct image.4. What can be a suitable title fr the text?A. The Masct f the 24th Winter Olympic GamesB. A Histrical Mment f the Winter Olympic Games C. A Lvely Panda Welcmes the WrldD. Cmments(评论) n the Masct f the 24th Winter Olympics
解题方法：针对此类设题，考生需要在有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速浏览文章，发现文章中的细节信息，然后抓取关键词，定位到原文中来解题。注意：一定要注意勾画文章中的关键句及关键词
eg，1. Five peple were waiting fr an interview in a rm f a cmpany(公司). Inside the rm, they culd d whatever they liked, except using the phne r the Internet. Q: The five peple were waiting fr ________． A．an interview B．a meeting C．a phne call D．a meal
2. Liu Xiuxiang was brn in a pr family. When he was 4, his father died. His mther develped mental(精神的) health prblems. When he was 10, his elder brther and sisters left and never returned. T make a living, Liu cllected rubbish, and in high schl he wrked 18 hurs a day during summer vacatins. Hwever difficult it was, he never gave up his study.Q: Hw lng did Liu Xiuxiang wrk during summer vacatins in high schl?A．4 hurs a day. B．10 hurs a day. C．12 hurs a day. D．18 hurs a day.
此类题型要求考生对文章的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推断出隐含在文章中的事实及暗示的含义。常见的推理判断有以下三种：1．针对文中细节的推断2．针对文章出处的推断3．针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向、意见等的推断
eg，1. Anther chice is electricity. Electric cars can be as efficient(效能好的) as cars using gasline. And they prduce less pllutin. But electric cars themselves are mre expensive. Gd news is that the cst has been lwer and there are mre and mre places fr the cars t get electricity ever since 2010. Q: Accrding t Paragraph 3, we can infer that electric cars ________．A．prduce less pllutinB．will becme mre and mre expensiveC．will becme mre ppularD．are mre efficient than thse using gasline
类型三：词义/句意猜测
此类题目在设置时，词义猜测多为生难词，句意猜测多为同义句的转换，考生需要重点掌握根据上下文推测生词、短语或句子意思的技巧。1．根据上下文语境猜测2．通过同义词或近义词猜测词义3．通过反义词或反义关系猜测词义4．通过生活常识猜测词义
1. On the third mrning, they arrived earlier. Still, n news came. By midday, mst f them were irritated. Sme thught the cmpany did nt care fr them. Sme regretted cming here. Only ne man was different. He was happy all thse days. He kept smiling while the thers cmplained(抱怨)．Q: The underlined wrd “irritated” in Paragraph 4 prbably means “________”．A．快活的 B．愤怒的 C．放松的 D．胆怯的
2. After leaving the earth last summer, Zhu Rng circled Mars fr several mnths and landed n it in May. In recent years, ur cuntry has sent up the wrld's first quantum satellite(量子卫星), and Chang'e4 has made a sft landing n the mn. We have made great prgress in space technlgy and will sn start building ur wn space statin. Q: The underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refers t “________”．A．the earth B．Mars C．the mn D．the sun
类型四：段落/主旨大意
段落/主旨大意题要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对段落内容或文章内容进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这类题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语就断章取义。在涉及文章的主题(main idea)、结论(cnclusin)、结局(end)等有关问题时，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断，从而挖掘出文章中隐含的信息。1．开门见山式2．藏龙卧虎式3．藏头露尾式4．首尾呼应式
标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。选择标题在英语阅读理解题中，是深层理解题。一般从两个方面考查：1．关注核心及高频词汇2．根据主题句提炼标题
Facial recgnitin technlgy(人脸识别技术) is widely used tday. Fr example, plice use it t search fr bad guys. It's als used t unlck phnes r drs. Nw, a similar technlgy, knwn as facial detectin(探测), is entering a new field: the business f advertising(广告). Such systems are ging thrugh tests in a small number f stres. One facial detectin system can judge a persn's “happiness” r “fear” level. That helps businesses see hw peple feel as they lk at prducts r advertisements in the stre. Anther system can detect whether smene is wearing eyeglasses. If s, stres can send advertisements fr new glasses t him.
Facial detectin technlgy is als placed inside sme large advertising bards. Cameras in thse bards can detect infrmatin like peple's ages and five levels f feelings—frm “very happy” t “very unhappy”. Supprters f the technlgy say it culd imprve buyers' experience by shwing prducts they might like r by ffering them prducts at lwer prices. Sme are against the idea f using such systems. Pam Dixn, the head f a privacy(隐私) grup, is ne f them. She thinks ▲ . Fr example, a business culd raise the price f a prduct accrding t a persn's age and feelings.
Hwever, ne stre testing the technlgy explained they wuldn't stre peple's infrmatin like names r ages. And the advertising bard system maker said it didn't keep any persnal infrmatin r recrd any vides.Q: The best title f the passage may be “________”．A．Facial recgnitin technlgy entering a new fieldB．Facial recgnitin technlgy lking fr bad guysC．Facial detectin technlgy ging int advertising fieldD．Facial detectin technlgy imprving buyers' experience
Natinal Smile Mnth is the largest and lngest muth health activity in the UK. Starting in 1977, it is celebrating its 42nd birthday frm May 14 t June 14 this year.Q: Natinal Smile Mnth in the UK has had a histry f ________ years s far.A．5 B．14 C．42 D．77
文章的结构是文章部分与部分、整体与部分之间的内在联系和外部形式的统一。常见的文章结构方式为总分式，即先总述，再分说。这种关系还可以演变为：“分—总”或“总—分—总”的结构方式。解答此类题通常可以把选项带入原文去判断分段是否合理；要注意段落之间的标志语句，通常写同一件、同一类事情的段落不分开，总写的段落要和细节描述的段落分开。
此类题型，主要是考查学生的逻辑思考能力。一般来说，主要是考查一个段落中前后句的逻辑关系，或者考查段与段之间的逻辑关系。可能是总分关系、因果关系、并列关系等。
句子排序题常采用“观察＋对比＋定位＋排除”的方法：首先观察选项的特点，一般情况下，四个选项中都是有两个相同的选项作为事件发生的顺序开头，到文中去定位，排除错误的选项；接着进行第二轮对比排除，最后得到正确答案。下面介绍常用的解题方法：1．先易后难。选择自己最熟悉、最明显的答案先判断，根据“先易后难”的原则逐个排除。2．找关键词。如表顺序的at first, first, secnd, third等。3．上下句联系。这种题所采用的语句一般都是在上句与下句或上半句与下半句之间有一定的对应关系，我们只要抓住它们的关联关系就可以解答了。
After mnths f expectatin and secrecy, the fficial masct ( 吉 祥 物 ) f the 2022 Winter Olympic Games - a giant panda-inspired cartn character- -made its first public debut with cheers at Beijing's Shugang Ice Hckey Arena. The panda is named“Bing Dwen Dwen" in Chinese. Bing means "ice" in Chinese, while DwenDwen suggests“health and cleverness- characteristics als shared by pandas. Pandas are perhaps the mst recgnized animal species in China, rganizers said.
"Pandas cmbine China's traditinal culture and its mdem appearance tgether with wintersprts elements in a fascinating image that shws ur great expectatins fr the Games and shws thatwe welcme the wrld," said Beijing Mayr Chen Jining, wh als serves as an executive presidentn the rganizing cmmittee. “I have already seen the masct and frm what I've seen, it's a wnderful chice," IOC PresidentThmas Bach said befre intrducing the character."“The masct really takes in the best elements andcharacteristics f China and the Chinese peple. It will be a great ambassadr(大使) fr the cuntryand the 24th Winter Olympics"
The ring f light surrunding the masct's face is suggestive f ice and snw tracks, as well as the flwing“ribbns”f the Natinal Speed Skating Oval. The val is ne f tw new cmpetitin sites in dwntwn Beijing expected t becme a landmark f the Games, accrding t its chief designer Ca Xue. The intrductin f the mascts marks the key pint f a jurney that began in August 2018, when Beijing rganizers started a glbal design cmpetitin fr the mascts. A ttal f 5,816 designs were received frm 35 cuntries, and were reviewed by Chinese and internatinal experts in a cmprehensive evaluatin(综合评价) and selectin prcess. The new masct will serve as spirited symbl f the Games that will take place in the three znes f dwntwn Beijing, the suburban district f Yanqing and c-hst city Zhangjiaku in surrunding Hebei prvince.
1. What des the underlined wrd“debut" in paragraph 1 mean?A. Design. B. Appearance. C. Understanding. D. Attentin.2. What des Bach think f the masct?A. Surprising. B. Enjyable. C. Satisfying D. Interesting.
3. What's paragraph 5 mainly abut?A. The rigin ( 起源) f the masct image. B. The intrductin t the masct designer.C. The hard wrk behind the masct design. D. The hidden meaning f the masct image.4. What can be a suitable title fr the text?A. The Masct f the 24th Winter Olympic GamesB. A Histrical Mment f the Winter Olympic Games C. A Lvely Panda Welcmes the WrldD. Cmments(评论) n the Masct f the 24th Winter Olympics
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