2022年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（完形填空）：议论文（含答案）

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2022年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（完形填空）：议论文
一．完形填空（共15小题）
1．（2021•呼和浩特）Do you often use plastic straws （塑料吸管）？You probably use them to drink lots of things，such as soybean milk，cola or milk tea.Plastic straws are small （1）　   　 they are a big problem.They are made in 10 minutes，used in 20（2）　   　and normally remain on the earth for over 100 years since they are hard to be（3）　   　.
    But how do plastic straws get into the ocean？Through human mistakes，they are often thrown away everywhere and all gutters （排水沟） in some areas lead to our ocean. （4）　   　，plastic straws kill ocean life.Once a（5）　   　was found bleeding because a 12﹣centimeter﹣long plastic straw was pushed into（6）　   　nose.How terrible!
    In fact，around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone.If we didn't act now，there would be more plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
    Luckily，more and more people around the world have realized this problem.They begin to think about（7）　   　plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
    So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution？The simplest way is to say "（8）　   　" to single﹣use plastic，like straws.For example，next time if you go to a restaurant，make sure you order your drink without a straw.There are reusable straws instead.
    Coffee house chain Starbucks has started to（9）　   　 strawless cups and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1，000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen.And McDonald's has（10）　   　 taken action to reduce the use of the plastic straws.It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
 
（1）A.and
B.but
C.or
D.so
（2）A.seconds
B.hours
C.minutes
D.days
（3）A.cut down
B.written down
C.put down
D.broken down
（4）A.For example
B.Such as
C.Even worse
D.For one thing
（5）A.turtle
B.monkey
C.camel
D.giraffe
（6）A.their
B.his
C.her
D.its
（7）A.whether
B.if
C.why
D.what
（8）A.sorry
B.yes
C.no
D.hello
（9）A.replace
B.afford
C.offer
D.give
（10）A.still
B.also
C.ever
D.just
2．（2021•上海）What do you need for an invention to be a success？
    To begin with，good timing is very（1）　   　.You can have a good idea which the public doesn't want yet.Take Giovanni Caselli as an example.He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s.Though the quality was excellent，his invention quickly （2）　   　.The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.
    Money also helps.The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born.Denis never had enough money to （3）　   　one.
    You also need to be patient.It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb. （4）　   　，you shouldn't be too slow.In the 1870s，Elisha Gray developed plans for a telephone.Gray saw it only as "a beautiful toy".When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office（专利局）on February 14th，1876，it was too （5）　   　.Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell.He is remembered as the inventor of the telephone.
    Of course what you really need is a wonderful idea.If you haven't got one，a walk in the countryside and a careful look at （6）　   　can help.The Swiss scientist，George de Mestral，had the idea for Velcro （粘扣） when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.
 
（1）A.interesting
B.important
C.personal
D.satisfying
（2）A.died
B.improved
C.spread
D.appeared
（3）A.deliver
B.repair
C.use
D.build
（4）A.However
B.Instead
C.So far
D.At last
（5）A.modern
B.difficult
C.late
D.old
（6）A.society
B.nature
C.pictures
D.advertisements
 
 
3．（2021•哈尔滨）In children's eyes，mother is perfect.In my mind，my mother is good at doing everything except （1）　   　.I still remember what happened on my father's 40th birthday when I was young.
    My mother made a special plan for the important day.She did some cleaning early in the morning and made the house pretty with some flowers.Then she went shopping for a big meal.She began to cook just （2）　   　 finishing a long shopping list.Three hours later，only two dishes were （3）　   　 on the table﹣a salad and a pancake in a strange shape.We all expected to have the roast（烤的）duck as soon as possible （4）　   　 it was our favorite.Unluckily，the duck was （5）　   　 nice in color （5）　   　 delicious in taste.How disappointed I felt!Feeling so sorry，my mother promised to prepare another one at once.To （6）　   　 surprise，my father didn't complain at all.Instead，he ate one more piece of the duck and smiled at my mother， "Good taste，I love it!Thank you，dear!It's the （7）　   　 roast duck I have ever had!" Mother smiled happily and said， "Happy birthday，my dear!"
    I couldn't understand what my father said and did at that time. （8）　   　 has passed and my father has become a 50﹣year﹣old man.He still loves the food my mother cooks，though she hasn't become a good cook yet.As time goes by，I come to know that （9）　   　 is perfect，including my mother.Nothing is perfect，including my family.But love can （10）　   　.If there is love，home will become the sweetest place in the world.
 
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
（1）A.shopping
B.cooking
C.cleaning
（2）A.after
B.before
C.until
（3）A.sold
B.served
C.searched
（4）A.but
B.because
C.so
（5）A.not only；but also
B.both；and
C.neither；nor
（6）A.his
B.your
C.my
（7）A.fastest
B.best
C.worst
（8）A.Eight years
B.Ten months
C.Ten years
（9）A.everyone
B.no one
C.someone
（10）A.make a difference
B.make a mistake
C.make a mess
4．（2021•河北）Every school has rules for students to follow.However，some students may see the （1）　   　as a way which teachers control them.Sometimes，they're unhappy and even feel（2）　   　.Well，if you think your life is hard，you might think about the （3）　   　 in ancient times.For some of them，life was really hard.
    In the old days，people believed that teachers had to be very（4）　   　and had the right to punish the students.Parents didn't mind if teachers punished their children when their children didn't do what they were （5）　   　to do.Often，the stricter a teacher was，the more parents thought he or she was a good teacher.
    In fact，following school rules can be very important.For example，running in the hallways could cause a student to（6）　   　.It may hurt himself or another person.Following the rules can also help the students in the classroom to learn （7）　   　difficulty.In class，a teacher may ask students to raise their hands（8）　   　they speak.If someone speaks out of turn，other students might not be able to hear the teacher（9）　   　.School rules can help students prepare for their own futures as well.When they （10）　   　 and go out on their own，they'll soon find that they still need to follow rules.
    Rules make the world much better.If there are no rules，life will be meaningless and in disorder.
 
（1）A.rules
B.excuses
C.facts
D.examples
（2）A.tired
B.angry
C.excited
D.good
（3）A.doctors
B.parents
C.teachers
D.students
（4）A.kind
B.clever
C.strict
D.careful
（5）A.told
B.heard
C.invited
D.watched
（6）A.come out
B.fall down
C move on
D pass by
（7）A.about
B.from
C.except
D.without
（8）A.because
B.though
C.before
D.unless
（9）A.clearly
B.luckily
C.quickly
D.politely
（10）A.hurry up
B.look up
C.grow up
D.dress up
5．（2021•荆州）Don't shake hands!Don't hug anyone! （1）　   　 order to slow the spread of COVID﹣19，we're advised to avoid physical contact（接触） as （2）　   　as possible.Some of us have been （3）　   　 to more creative ways of greeting one another，such as a friendly wave from two meters away.We are not sure when this pandemic （流行病） will end.But（4）　   　more people get their vaccines（疫苗），we may soon be able to get back to hugging，shaking hands and kissing checks.But ..should we？
    We are（5）　   　 from a young age that it is impolite not to shake hands when we meet  people.But Ashley Peterson，a doctor in the United States，thinks we should be more careful  about how we greet people.Not（6）　   　 likes to be hugged.
    Peterson says now is the perfect time for parents to guide their kids in making （7）　   　 about  how to greet people.The idea is not to（8）　   　hugs and handshakes.If your kids want to hug others，they should.If they feel（9）　   　 about hugging，they can use other ways to greet people.
   Anthony Fauci，a health educator，holds a stronger opinion.He thinks we should never shake hands again. "We've got to （10）　   　 that custom，" he says. "That is really one of the major（主要的） ways to pass on an illness."
 
（1）A.In
B.To
C.With
D.At
（2）A.far
B.silently
C.much
D.loudly
（3）A.used
B.worried
C.embarrassed
D.disappointed
（4）A.so
B.whether
C.before
D.as
（5）A.said
B.told
C.laughed
D.stopped
（6）A.anyone
B.someone
C.everyone
D.none
（7）A.decisions
B.mistakes
C.calls
D.noises
（8）A.support
B.discuss
C.cancel
D.protect
（9）A.unknown
B.unlucky
C.uncrowded
D.uncomfortable
（10）A.save
B.break
C.choose
D.follow
6．（2021•乐山）Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.
    And scientists now say that（1）　   　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　   　.
    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　   　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　   　shoes.
    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　   　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　   　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.
    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　   　to train and keep you interested in running.
 
（1）A.running
B.swimming
C.cycling
（2）A.long
B.longer
C.longest
（3）A.and
B.or
C.but
（4）A.usual
B.clean
C.different
（5）A.play
B.rest
C.work
（6）A.never
B.often
C.sometimes
（7）A.reason
B.excuse
C.method
7．（2020•攀枝花）"The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence（篱笆）．"That is an old（1）　   　in English．It means other places often look better，more interesting than the place（2）　   　you live．Some people worry that young Chinese are beginning to feel like that．They see young Chinese paying no attention to Chinese culture and， （3）　   　，buying Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even（4）　   　Western holidays．
    Foreign books and soap operas are good， （5）　   　Chinese writers and actors are just as good．As for holidays，Christmas is nice，but for Chinese，it（6）　   　has the special meaning like the Spring Festival，and the West has（7）　   　to compare with the Mid﹣Autumn Festival．Don't forget the best part of Chinese culture：Friendliness!Not all countries are as（8）　   　as China．
    It's good to enjoy other cultures and（9）　   　from them，but they can't take the place of your own culture．It's good to look on the other side of the fence，but（10）　   　you look carefully and closely，and you will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of the fence．
 
（1）A．word
B．saying
C．sentence
D．rule
（2）A．when
B．where
C．why
D．how
（3）A．beside
B．besides
C．instead
D．then
（4）A．celebrating
B．to celebrate
C．celebrated
D．celebrate
（5）A．if
B．so
C．but
D．or
（6）A．still
B．never
C．always
D．ever
（7）A．everything
B．something
C．anything
D．nothing
（8）A．warm
B．warmer
C．cold
D．colder
（9）A．learns
B．learning
C．in learning
D．to learn
（10）A．make up
B．make up of
C．make sure
D．be sure to
8．（2020•攀枝花）How do you image the future？Will life in the future be better，worse or the same as now？（1）　   　do you like the future？
    People think that life will probably be very different in 2050． First of all， larger planes（2）　   　， so flying will be very cheap． The cars will be powered by electricity， so they will be much cleaner and safer．Everyone will have such a car，even a robot．And space planes will take us around the world in two hours．Homes will be warm in winter and cool in summer，so they will be very comfortable，we will use the sun（3）　   　our homes．Computers will be smaller，so they will be very（4）　   　．People will do more things on the Internet．
    At that time， water will become one of our most serious problems．In many places，farmers will be in great need of water to（5）　   　fruit and vegetables． By 2050， we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again． At that time， our life will become better and better．
 
（1）A． Which
B． What
C． Why
D． How
（2）A． produces
B． is produced
C． will be produced
D． was produced
（3）A． heats
B． to heat
C． heating
D． heated
（4）A． heavy
B． new
C． long
D． light
（5）A． grow
B． check
C． buy
D． sell
9．（2020•绥化）
Should I Be Allowed to Make My Own Decisions？
    Many teenagers have hobbies．But sometimes these can （1）　   　the way of their schoolwork，and parents might worry about their success at school．Teenagers often think they should （2）　   　to practice their hobbies as much as they want．Do you agree？
    Liu Yu，a （3）　   　boy from Shandong，is a running star．He is （4）　   　his school team and has always wanted to be a professional runner when he grows up．However，his parents won't allow him to train so much．"Of course we want to see him（5）　   　his dreams，"says Mr．Liu． "My wife and I have supported （6）　   　of his races．We have nothing against（7）　   　!But we think our son needs to think about other possible jobs．He's getting older now，so he needs to think about what（8）　   　if he doesn't end up as a professional runner．"
    Liu Yu doesn't （9）　   　agree， "Well，I think they should allow me to decide for myself．" He says．"My parents have always told me how important it is to work hard at school and enter university．I understand this，but I'm serious about running．It's the only thing（10）　   　I've ever wanted to do．"
    His parents believe that he needs to spend more time on his homework because it is difficult to become a professional sports star．But Liu Yu still disagrees．"I know my parents care about me．But I think I should make this choice myself．Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream．"
 
（1）A．get on
B．get in
C．get up
（2）A．allow
B．allowed
C．be allowed
（3）A．fifteen﹣years﹣old
B．fifteen years old
C．fifteen﹣year﹣old
（4）A．on
B．at
C．for
（5）A．achieves
B．achieve
C．to achieve
（6）A．every one
B．everyone
C．every
（7）A．run
B．running
C．to run
（8）A．happens
B．happened
C．will happen
（9）A．really
B．very
C．real
（10）A．which
B．/
C．who
10．（2019•湖北）Dear Li Ming，
    I am happy to hear that you would like to become an architect（建筑师）！Your aunt tells me that you are a good student a hard worker，so  I（1）　   　 know that you'll be able to realize whatever you put your mind to．
    You have （2）　   　a difficult but great job．Architect is unusual because it is a mixture of both art and science．You need to be（3）　   　 to think  of new and interesting designs（设计）．You also need to be good at math and science so that you can translate your creative ideas  into buildings that are safe and（4）　   　．Even language is important to an architect．You need to be able express your ideas （5）　   　so that other people can understand them．
  Think about all the different kinds of （6）　   　 people need：houses，apartment，schools，office buildings，grocery stores，churches，malls ，hotels，factories，gyms，airports，hospitals．Architects think up the（7）　   　way  to build each building so that it is interesting to look at，safe，and easy to use．
    First ，the architect usually creates a proposal（提案） that shows the customer his or her idea for the building．（8）　   　the customer likes it ，then the architect keeps working．He or she （9）　   　a plan that shows all the details of how the building will be constructed（建造）．The architect does not actually build the structure．But questions often come up during the construction，（10）　   　the architect always needs to be easily．
    （11）　   　 the idea in my mind becomes a real building is my favorite．That is always  （12）　   　for me．
    Please let me know if you have any other questions．You are also welcome to visit me  anytime．
Uncle Wang
 
（1）A．ever
B．never
C．hardly
D．already
（2）A．found
B．chosen
C．accepted
D．completed
（3）A．active
B．educated
C．creative
D．talented
（4）A．hopeful
B．traditional
C．useful
D．expensive
（5）A．clearly
B．widely
C．politely
D．kindly
（6）A．houses
B．schools
C．buildings
D．churches
（7）A．newest
B．best
C．dearest
D．cheapest
（8）A．If
B．When
C．Before
D．After
（9）A．starts with
B．deals with
C．gets on with
D．comes up with
（10）A．so
B．but
C．and
D．or
（11）A．Seeing
B．Knowing
C．Expecting
D．Hearing
（12）A．boring
B．exciting
C．moving
D．tiring
11．（2021•大埔县一模）Recently，mobile phones have become more and more popular with both the young and the old.People accept the convenient way of communication and some even cannot live without them.They play（1）　   　important role in people's life.
    Grace is a sixty﹣year﹣old woman.She lives（2）　   　 herself because her son works in another city.She used to feel lonely.One day，her son bought a mobile phone for her（3）　   　 taught her how to use WeChat.Since then，he hasn't felt lonely because she（4）　   　talk with her son face to face with the help of WeChat.What's more，she has made many friends（5）　   　 have the same hobby as her through WeChat.She thinks mobile phones have made her life colorful and convenient.
    However，as for teenagers，mobile phones are not so（6）　   　 for them.Tony is a middle school student from Shanghai.Last year，a mobile phone（7）　   　 to him as his birthday gift by his father.Tony liked it very much because he could do many things with his mobile phone，such as listening to music，watching movies，buying things he wanted，and（8）　   　 in touch with his friends.He paid no attention to his study anymore.He completely lost（9）　   　 in mobile phones.Finally，his father had to take back his mobile phones.From the story we know（10）　   　important it is to use mobile phones properly.
 
（1）A.the
B.an
C.a
D. /
（2）A.at
B.on
C.for
D.by
（3）A.or
B.so
C.and
D.but
（4）A.can
B.may
C.must
D.need
（5）A.when
B.who
C.which
D.whom
（6）A.good
B.better
C.best
D.the best
（7）A.gave
B.will give
C.was given
D.will be given
（8）A.keep
B.keeps
C.keeping
D.kept
（9）A.him
B.her
C.herself
D.himself
（10）A.what
B.what a
C.what an
D.how
12．（2021•南岸区模拟）What would you want to tell kids from the future if you had the chance？That's the situation my classmates and I faced today.You see，our school is （1）　   　.It will be taken down at the end of this year.Next autumn，we will move into a brand new school.
    Our（2）　   　 told us that we could put a "time capsule"，a box in which we put things we think will be of interest to people in the future.When the workers start to build our new school，they will bury（埋） our time capsule（3）　   　 the stone wall.A hundred years later，someone will find it.
    So，what to put in it？Someone said that we could put a CD with popular music of the day.That was a good idea.That way，the future generation（一代人） will know what kids like us enjoyed （4）　   　.Someone else said leaving a copy of the day's newspaper.I agreed with that too.（5）　   　？It will show what was going on in our world on the day we （6）　   　 our time capsule.There were many other good（7）　   　，like a favorite book，pictures of our old school or pictures of us.
    I said we all could write a short letter.In the letter，we would describe what we thought the future would be like ﹣ using our imagination!（8）　   　agreed with me.They all thought it was great.Imagine what kids in the future will （9）　   　 us!
    We went on talking about it （10）　   　.It made us think about life in the future.It made us wonder what kids will be like one hundred years later.
 
（1）A.new
B.old
C.big
D.small
（2）A.farmer
B.driver
C.doctor
D.teacher
（3）A.inside
B.outside.
C.on
D.above
（4）A.looking at
B.listening to
C.speaking to
D.laughing at
（5）A.When
B.Where
C.Why
D.How
（6）A.opened
B.broke
C.filled
D.lost
（7）A.schools
B.pictures
C.books
D.ideas
（8）A.No one
B.Everyone
C.Anyone
D.Someone
（9）A.take after
B.deal with
C.think of
D.turn to
（10）A.happily
B.angrily
C.sadly
D.bravely
13．（2021•增城区一模）Over recent years，letter writing has been replaced by other ways of communicating.Technology has （1）　   　 so fast that we now expect to be able to see people at any time and get response （2）　   　.Rather than put pen to paper，it feels much more natural for us to send text messages and emails.
    It is true that these modern ways of communicating have their own （3）　   　.We can talk to people all over the world even in a few （4）　   　.Communicating with people by sending text messages or emails can help us save time and receive a （5）　   　 as soon as possible.We can also （6）　   　 mistakes in our emails before sending them.But if we make a mistake in a letter，we have to cross it out or start again.
    But have you ever thought about what we are losing？Yes，we are （7）　   　 about the art of letter writing.
    Almost everybody would say that reading a hand﹣written from a friend is （8）　   　.When you know someone has spent the time writing a letter for you，especially a birthday letter，there's something very （9）　   　 in your heart.
    On the other hand，not only the person receiving the letter will benefit from a lovely envelope（信封），but also the writer himself.When we know we're doing something that will make our friends very happy，we feel good about ourselves，too.
    In addition，writing a letter can （10）　   　 your language skills and you can also learn some new expressions.
 
（1）A.reached
B.developed
C.moved
D.connected
（2）A.luckily
B.suddenly
C.actually
D.immediately
（3）A.challenges
B.advantages
C.difficulties
D.problems
（4）A.seconds
B.hours
C.days
D.weeks
（5）A.gift
B.smile
C.reply
D.greeting
（6）A.correct
B.admit
C.deny
D.make
（7）A.learning
B.caring
C.forgetting
D.worrying
（8）A.awful
B.difficult
C.humorous
D.enjoyable
（9）A.clever
B.special
C.interesting
D.useful
（10）A.copy
B.check
C.reduce
D.improve
14．（2021•姑苏区校级二模）For a long time I saw happiness as a huge banner（旗帜） across the finish line of a long race.I felt that only when I（1）　   　certain things could I finally be happy in my life.Most of the time I felt like a tortoise（乌龟） believing that being slow would win the race.At other times I would act like a rabbit trying different side roads at dangerous（2）　   　hoping to reach that banner a little faster.Gradually（逐渐地） ，I began to see that no matter how long I raced towards it，the banner was never any（3）　   　.I finally decided to sit down and take a break.It was then that I saw my（4）　   　sitting beside me.
    It had been with me as I（5）　   　hard to support my family，as I played with my children and heard them laughing and even when I was（6）　   　with my wife at my side looking after me.It had been with me as I raced towards that stupid banner.I just did not have the（7）　   　to see it.
    As an old Chinese saying goes，"Stress is who you think you should be.Relaxation is who you are."Perhaps we all should stop our race towards the（8）　   　life we think we should have and enjoy the life we have now.Happiness will never be found under some banner far away.It will be found in your own heart，soul and mind.It will be found when you（9）　   　that others love you just as you do.
    Don't be a tortoise or a rabbit when it comes to your happiness.Be a playful dog and carry your stick of joy with you everywhere you go.Take yourself out of the race and realize that when it comes to love and happiness，you are（10）　   　there.
 
（1）A.forgot
B.missed
C.offered
D.finished
（2）A.place
B.height
C.speed
D.time
（3）A.clearer
B.lower
C.closer
D.smaller
（4）A.happiness
B.sadness
C.success
D.friends
（5）A.studied
B.fought
C.exercised
D.worked
（6）A.lonely
B.tired
C.sick
D.hungry
（7）A.courage
B.chance
C.wisdom
D.strength
（8）A.real
B.perfect
C.common
D.colorful
（9）A.realize
B.believe
C.hope
D.consider
（10）A.still
B.ever
C.never
D.already
15．（2021•珠海二模）What do you usually do in your spare time？Many students choose to stay at home，but not Zhang Hua，（1）　   　 11﹣year﹣old boy from Zhuhai.Every day，he（2）　   　 at least two hours on outdoor activities.
    With his（3）　   　help，he enjoys outdoor activities rather than focusing on his study all the time.One year ago，his father noticed that Zhang Hua did not go out for enough exercise afterschool，so he took his son to do outdoor activities.（4）　   　 he is in primary school，he is now famous for outdoor activities on the Internet.
    Many people show their opinions about Zhang Hua.
    Some teenagers say（5）　   　 exercise can make them relaxed and improve their memory.The more outdoor activities they do，（6）　   　 their brains will be.Although facing increasing pressure in studies，they join the school's athletic athletic programs.It's not only a way to relax but also a kind of（7）　   　 for will power （毅力）.
    However，some parents express their worries.They don't think two hours（8）　   　 too much for children at Zhang Hua's age，but it might be difficult when their children get older.They have a lot of homework and after﹣school classes，（9）　   　 on weekdays.Sometimes，parents are（10）　   　 about the safety of outdoor activities because children may do crazy and risky things.
    In fact，both parents and children like outdoor activities.They think that outdoor activities play an important role in their daily life.They can make children's brain active and improve their study.
 
（1）A.a
B.an
C.the
D. /
（2）A.takes
B.costs
C.spends
D.pays
（3）A.father's
B.father
C.fathers
D.fathers'
（4）A.If
B.Until
C.Unless
D.Although
（5）A.how
B.that
C.which
D.whether
（6）A.the more active
B.the most active
C.the more actively
D.the most actively
（7）A.train
B.trains
C.trainer
D.training
（8）A.is
B.isn't
C.are
D.aren't
（9）A.clearly
B.especially
C.actually
D.recently
（10）A.worry
B.worries
C.worried
D.worrying

2022年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（完形填空）：议论文（15题）
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共15小题）
1．（2021•呼和浩特）Do you often use plastic straws （塑料吸管）？You probably use them to drink lots of things，such as soybean milk，cola or milk tea.Plastic straws are small （1）　B　 they are a big problem.They are made in 10 minutes，used in 20（2）　C　and normally remain on the earth for over 100 years since they are hard to be（3）　D　.
    But how do plastic straws get into the ocean？Through human mistakes，they are often thrown away everywhere and all gutters （排水沟） in some areas lead to our ocean. （4）　C　，plastic straws kill ocean life.Once a（5）　A　was found bleeding because a 12﹣centimeter﹣long plastic straw was pushed into（6）　D　nose.How terrible!
    In fact，around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone.If we didn't act now，there would be more plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
    Luckily，more and more people around the world have realized this problem.They begin to think about（7）　A　plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
    So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution？The simplest way is to say "（8）　C　" to single﹣use plastic，like straws.For example，next time if you go to a restaurant，make sure you order your drink without a straw.There are reusable straws instead.
    Coffee house chain Starbucks has started to（9）　C　 strawless cups and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1，000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen.And McDonald's has（10）　B　 taken action to reduce the use of the plastic straws.It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
 
（1）A.and
B.but
C.or
D.so
（2）A.seconds
B.hours
C.minutes
D.days
（3）A.cut down
B.written down
C.put down
D.broken down
（4）A.For example
B.Such as
C.Even worse
D.For one thing
（5）A.turtle
B.monkey
C.camel
D.giraffe
（6）A.their
B.his
C.her
D.its
（7）A.whether
B.if
C.why
D.what
（8）A.sorry
B.yes
C.no
D.hello
（9）A.replace
B.afford
C.offer
D.give
（10）A.still
B.also
C.ever
D.just
【考点】议论文．
【分析】文章主要讲述塑料吸管很小但是问题很大，它不容易分解，到处乱扔最后对海洋环境和生物都有很大的危害。越来越多的人意识到这一问题，对一次性塑料用品比如吸管说"不"；商家也采取措施减少塑料吸管的使用。
【解答】（1）B 连词辨析。A意为：和；B意为：但是；C意为：或者；D意为：所以。空格前面说到，塑料吸管虽小；后面提到，是个大问题。前后语意存在转折关系，故选B。
（2）C 名词辨析。A意为：秒；B意为：小时；C意为：分钟；D意为：天。在这里选择20秒/小时/天都不合常理。前半句句意：它们（塑料吸管）生产制造需要10分钟，却只使用20分钟。故选C。
（3）D 短语辨析。A意为"砍倒"；B意为"写下"；C意为"放下"；D意为"分解"。后半句句意：由于它们不易分解，通常会留在地球上超过100年。故选D。
（4）C 短语辨析。A意为"例如"；B意为"例如"；C意为"更糟糕的是"；D意为"一方面"。上句Through human mistakes，they are often thrown away everywhere and all gutters （排水沟） in some areas lead to our ocean.由于人类的错误，它们经常被到处丢弃，一些地区的所有排水沟都通向我们的海洋。应该是更糟糕的是，塑料吸管杀死海洋生物。故选C。
（5）A 名词辨析。A意为"乌龟"；B意为"猴子"；C意为"骆驼"；D意为"长颈鹿"。结合上句更糟糕的是，塑料吸管杀死海洋生物，所以这里应该是乌龟。句意：有一次，一只海龟被发现流血，因为一根12厘米长的塑料吸管被塞进了它的鼻子。故选A。
（6）D 代词辨析。A意为：他们的；B意为：他的；C意为：她的；D意为：它的，给合前面有一次，一只海龟被发现流血，因为一根12厘米长的塑料吸管被塞进了，应该是它的（上文的乌龟）鼻子。故选D。
（7）A 连词辨析。空格后面是宾语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，排除C、D；根据后面的or not可知，只能选whether，而不能选if。故选A。
（8）C 形容词辨析。A意为"对不起"；B意为"是的"；C意为"不"；D 意为"你好"。根据下句For example，next time if you go to a restaurant，make sure you order your drink without a straw.There are reusable straws instead.例如，下一次如果你去餐馆，一定要确保你点的饮料没有吸管。这里有可重复使用的吸管。可知要对一次性使用塑料，如吸管说"不"。故选C。
（9）C 动词辨析。A意为"替换"；B意为"买得起，能做某事"；C意为"提供"；D意为"给"。句意：星巴克咖啡连锁店在上海、深圳的近1000家门店已经停止提供塑料吸管，取而代之的是无吸管材盖和纸制吸管。故选C。
（10）B 副词辨析。A意为"仍然"；B意为"也"；C意为"曾经"D意为"仅仅"。结合句意：麦当劳也已经采取行动减少塑料吸管的传用。故选B。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
2．（2021•上海）What do you need for an invention to be a success？
    To begin with，good timing is very（1）　B　.You can have a good idea which the public doesn't want yet.Take Giovanni Caselli as an example.He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s.Though the quality was excellent，his invention quickly （2）　A　.The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.
    Money also helps.The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born.Denis never had enough money to （3）　D　one.
    You also need to be patient.It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb. （4）　A　，you shouldn't be too slow.In the 1870s，Elisha Gray developed plans for a telephone.Gray saw it only as "a beautiful toy".When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office（专利局）on February 14th，1876，it was too （5）　C　.Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell.He is remembered as the inventor of the telephone.
    Of course what you really need is a wonderful idea.If you haven't got one，a walk in the countryside and a careful look at （6）　B　can help.The Swiss scientist，George de Mestral，had the idea for Velcro （粘扣） when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.
 
（1）A.interesting
B.important
C.personal
D.satisfying
（2）A.died
B.improved
C.spread
D.appeared
（3）A.deliver
B.repair
C.use
D.build
（4）A.However
B.Instead
C.So far
D.At last
（5）A.modern
B.difficult
C.late
D.old
（6）A.society
B.nature
C.pictures
D.advertisements
 
 
【考点】议论文．
【分析】主要介绍一些伟大的发明家和他们的发明及他们成功的因素。
【解答】（1）B 形容词辨析。A有趣的，B重要的，C私人的，D满意的，根据下句You can have a good idea which the public doesn't want yet.你能有一个公众还不想要的好主意。可知好的开始很重要，故答案是B。
（2）A 动词辨析。A死，B提高，C扩散，D出现，前面tough很重要意味尽管品质很好，他的发明还是迅速的停止传播（死掉），直到1980年电报才在每个公司成为了必须的装备，故答案是A。
（3）D 动词辨析。A传送，B修理，C使用，D建造，根据上句The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born.法国人丹尼斯•帕宾（Denis Papin）在詹姆斯•瓦特（James Watt）出生前将近一百年就有了蒸汽机的想法，这里应该是他没有钱建造一个，故答案是D。
（4）A 连词辨析。A然而，B代替，C到目前为止，D最后，根据上句You also need to be patient.It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb.你还需要耐心。科学家们花了将近80年的时间发明了一个灯泡。及后面例子it was too late.Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.太晚了，几乎相同的设计在两个小时前到达。可知表转折，然而也不能太慢了，故答案是A。
（5）C 形容词辨析。A现代的，B困难的，C晚的，D老的，根据后面Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.几乎相同的设计在两个小时前到达。可知已经晚了，故答案是C。
（6）B 名词辨析。A社会，B自然，C图片，D广告，根据a walk in the countryside 在乡下，应该是看自然风景，故答案是B。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。\
3．（2021•哈尔滨）In children's eyes，mother is perfect.In my mind，my mother is good at doing everything except （1）　B　.I still remember what happened on my father's 40th birthday when I was young.
    My mother made a special plan for the important day.She did some cleaning early in the morning and made the house pretty with some flowers.Then she went shopping for a big meal.She began to cook just （2）　A　 finishing a long shopping list.Three hours later，only two dishes were （3）　B　 on the table﹣a salad and a pancake in a strange shape.We all expected to have the roast（烤的）duck as soon as possible （4）　B　 it was our favorite.Unluckily，the duck was （5）　C　 nice in color （5）　C　 delicious in taste.How disappointed I felt!Feeling so sorry，my mother promised to prepare another one at once.To （6）　C　 surprise，my father didn't complain at all.Instead，he ate one more piece of the duck and smiled at my mother， "Good taste，I love it!Thank you，dear!It's the （7）　B　 roast duck I have ever had!" Mother smiled happily and said， "Happy birthday，my dear!"
    I couldn't understand what my father said and did at that time. （8）　C　 has passed and my father has become a 50﹣year﹣old man.He still loves the food my mother cooks，though she hasn't become a good cook yet.As time goes by，I come to know that （9）　B　 is perfect，including my mother.Nothing is perfect，including my family.But love can （10）　A　.If there is love，home will become the sweetest place in the world.
 
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
（1）A.shopping
B.cooking
C.cleaning
（2）A.after
B.before
C.until
（3）A.sold
B.served
C.searched
（4）A.but
B.because
C.so
（5）A.not only；but also
B.both；and
C.neither；nor
（6）A.his
B.your
C.my
（7）A.fastest
B.best
C.worst
（8）A.Eight years
B.Ten months
C.Ten years
（9）A.everyone
B.no one
C.someone
（10）A.make a difference
B.make a mistake
C.make a mess
【考点】议论文．
【分析】文章主要描述了妈妈为爸爸庆祝40岁生日时发生的一些事。但也理解了爱。
【解答】（1）B 动名词辨析。A购物，B烹饪，C打扫，根据下文都在描述做饭，可知擅长所有的，除了做饭，故答案是B。
（2）A 介词辨析。A在...之后，B在...之前，C直到，根据.She began to cook just （2）finishing a long shopping list应该是购物之后做饭，故答案是A。
（3）B 动词辨析。A卖，B端上，C搜索，根据Three hours later，only two dishes were 应该是3个小时后，端上了两盘菜，故答案是B。
（4）B 连词辨析。A但是，B因为，C所以，根据语境：我们都希望尽快吃到烤鸭，因为它是我们的最爱。表因果关系，故答案是B。
（5）C 固定短语辨析。A不仅...而且...，B两者都，C即不，也不，根据下句How disappointed I felt！我感觉太失望了，可知颜色即不漂亮也不好吃，故答案是C。
（6）C 代词辨析。A他的，B你的，C我的，根据下句my father didn't complain at all我爸爸根本没有抱怨，可知另我惊讶的是，故答案是C。
（7）B 形容词辨析。A最快的，B最好的，C最差的，根据上文我爸爸根本没有抱怨，及I have ever had!" 应该是我吃过最好吃的烤鸭，故答案是B。
（8）C 短语辨析。A8年，B10个月，C10年，根据上文happened on my father's 40th birthday when I was young40岁生日，及my father has become a 50﹣year﹣old man.已经50岁了，可知10年过去了，故答案是C。
（9）B 代词辨析。A所有人，B没有一人，C某人，根据is perfect及常识，应该是没有一人是完美的，故答案是B。
（10）A 短语辨析。A做出改变，B犯错误，C搞得一团糟，根据上文描述和But love can ，应该是爱能做出改变，故答案是A。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
4．（2021•河北）Every school has rules for students to follow.However，some students may see the （1）　A　as a way which teachers control them.Sometimes，they're unhappy and even feel（2）　B　.Well，if you think your life is hard，you might think about the （3）　D　 in ancient times.For some of them，life was really hard.
    In the old days，people believed that teachers had to be very（4）　C　and had the right to punish the students.Parents didn't mind if teachers punished their children when their children didn't do what they were （5）　A　to do.Often，the stricter a teacher was，the more parents thought he or she was a good teacher.
    In fact，following school rules can be very important.For example，running in the hallways could cause a student to（6）　B　.It may hurt himself or another person.Following the rules can also help the students in the classroom to learn （7）　D　difficulty.In class，a teacher may ask students to raise their hands（8）　C　they speak.If someone speaks out of turn，other students might not be able to hear the teacher（9）　A　.School rules can help students prepare for their own futures as well.When they （10）　C　 and go out on their own，they'll soon find that they still need to follow rules.
    Rules make the world much better.If there are no rules，life will be meaningless and in disorder.
 
（1）A.rules
B.excuses
C.facts
D.examples
（2）A.tired
B.angry
C.excited
D.good
（3）A.doctors
B.parents
C.teachers
D.students
（4）A.kind
B.clever
C.strict
D.careful
（5）A.told
B.heard
C.invited
D.watched
（6）A.come out
B.fall down
C move on
D pass by
（7）A.about
B.from
C.except
D.without
（8）A.because
B.though
C.before
D.unless
（9）A.clearly
B.luckily
C.quickly
D.politely
（10）A.hurry up
B.look up
C.grow up
D.dress up
【考点】议论文．
【分析】文章介绍了遵守学校规则的重要性。
【解答】（1）A 名词辨析。A规则，B借口，C事实，D例子，根据后面which teachers control them.老师控制他们的﹣﹣，及上文Every school has rules 应该是规则，故答案是A。
（2）B 形容词辨析。A累的，B生气的，C兴奋的，D好的，根据Sometimes，they're unhappy and even feel有时感觉不开心，甚至会生气（对那些规则），故答案是B。
（3）D 名词辨析。A医生，B父母，C老师，D学生，根据下文可知是古代的学生更难，故答案是D。
（4）C 形容词辨析。A善良的，B聪明的，C严厉的，D小心的，根据后面had the right to punish the students.老师有权利惩罚他们，所以对他们很严厉，故答案是C。
（5）A 动词辨析。A告诉，B听，C邀请，D观看，根据Parents didn't mind if teachers punished their children when their children didn't do what they were （5）to do.老师惩罚学生，应该是学生没有按要求（被告诉）的做，故答案是A。
（6）B 短语辨析。A出来，B落下，C继续前进，D经过，根据running in the hallways could cause a student to在大厅里跑，可能会摔倒，故答案是B。
（7）D 介词辨析。A关于，B从，C除了，D没有，根据Following the rules can also help the students in the classroom to learn （7）difficulty.遵守规则也能帮助学生在课堂上轻松地（没有困难）学习，故答案是D。
（8）C 连词辨析。A因为，B虽然，C在...之前，D除非，根据a teacher may ask students to raise their hands（8）they speak.应该是学生说话之前要举手，故答案是C。
（9）A 副词辨析。A清楚地，B幸运地，C快速地，D礼貌地，根据上句If someone speaks out of turn如果有人乱讲话，应该是其他人则听不清楚，故答案是A。
（10）C 短语辨析。A匆忙，B查询，C长大，D打扮，根据后面go out on their own，they'll soon find that they still need to follow rules独自出去，他们很快就会发现，他们仍然需要遵守规则，可知是长大后，故答案是C。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
5．（2021•荆州）Don't shake hands!Don't hug anyone! （1）　A　 order to slow the spread of COVID﹣19，we're advised to avoid physical contact（接触） as （2）　C　as possible.Some of us have been （3）　A　 to more creative ways of greeting one another，such as a friendly wave from two meters away.We are not sure when this pandemic （流行病） will end.But（4）　D　more people get their vaccines（疫苗），we may soon be able to get back to hugging，shaking hands and kissing checks.But ..should we？
    We are（5）　B　 from a young age that it is impolite not to shake hands when we meet  people.But Ashley Peterson，a doctor in the United States，thinks we should be more careful  about how we greet people.Not（6）　C　 likes to be hugged.
    Peterson says now is the perfect time for parents to guide their kids in making （7）　A　 about  how to greet people.The idea is not to（8）　C　hugs and handshakes.If your kids want to hug others，they should.If they feel（9）　D　 about hugging，they can use other ways to greet people.
   Anthony Fauci，a health educator，holds a stronger opinion.He thinks we should never shake hands again. "We've got to （10）　B　 that custom，" he says. "That is really one of the major（主要的） ways to pass on an illness."
 
（1）A.In
B.To
C.With
D.At
（2）A.far
B.silently
C.much
D.loudly
（3）A.used
B.worried
C.embarrassed
D.disappointed
（4）A.so
B.whether
C.before
D.as
（5）A.said
B.told
C.laughed
D.stopped
（6）A.anyone
B.someone
C.everyone
D.none
（7）A.decisions
B.mistakes
C.calls
D.noises
（8）A.support
B.discuss
C.cancel
D.protect
（9）A.unknown
B.unlucky
C.uncrowded
D.uncomfortable
（10）A.save
B.break
C.choose
D.follow
【考点】议论文．
【分析】文章介绍了在新冠疫情期间人们打招呼方式的改变和一些人的看法。
【解答】（1）A。介词辨析。in在，to去，with和，at在。in order to表示"为了……"。故选A。
（2）C。副词辨析。A远，B沉默地，C很多，D大声地。as much as possible尽可能地，故选C。
（3）A。动词辨析。A使用，B担心，C尴尬，D失望。根据"such as a friendly wave from two meters away比如两米外的友好摆手"可知我们中的一些人已经习惯了更具创造性的问候方式，be used to习惯于，故选A。
（4）D。连词辨析。A所以，B是否，C在...之前，D当...时。根据语境，应该是但随着越来越多的人接种疫苗，我们可能很快就能回到拥抱、握手和亲吻的状态。as引导时间状语从句。故选D。
（5）B 动词辨析。A说，B告诉，C笑，D停止。根据"it is impolite not to shake hands when we meet  people我们见面时不握手是不礼貌的"可知我们从小就被告诉我们见面时不握手是不礼貌的，故选B。
（6）C。代词辨析。A任何人，B某人，C所有人，D没有一人。根据语境和常识，应该是并不是所有人都喜欢拥抱，故选C。
（7）A。名词辨析。A决定，B错误，C打电话，D噪声。根据how to greet people可知是做个决定如何打招呼，故选A。
（8）C。动词辨析。A支持，B讨论，C取消，D保护。根据下文If your kids want to hug others，they should.If they feel（9）about hugging，they can use other ways to greet people.（如果你的孩子想拥抱别人，他们应该拥抱别人。如果他们对拥抱感到不舒服，他们可以用其他方式问候别人。）可知不取消拥抱和握手，故选C。
（9）D。形容词辨析。A不知道的，B不幸运的，C不拥挤的，D不舒服的。根据they can use other ways to greet people.（他们可以用其他方式问候别人。）可知如果他们对拥抱感到不舒服的话，可以用其他方式问候别人。故选D。
（10）B。动词辨析。A节省，B打破，C选择，D跟随。根据上文由于新冠疫情我们已经不再握手打招呼，我们已经打破了习俗，故选B。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
6．（2021•乐山）Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more.
    And scientists now say that（1）　A　is one of the best way to keep fit.It can make you feel better and look better.Some say it can even make you live（2）　B　.
    All you need for naming，some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes.You don't need to buy special clothes（3）　C　you should get a good pair of sports shoes.And remember一you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your（4）　A　shoes.
    Some people find running boring，so，cycling or swimming instead once in a while.Also，you shouldn't exercise every day.It's very important to（5）　B　two or three times a week.You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate（6）　C　.Do some leg exercises every week as well，because this makes you stronger and helps you run better.
    If you're a beginner，there are lots of ways to make exercise fun.You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.This can give you a（n）（7）　A　to train and keep you interested in running.
 
（1）A.running
B.swimming
C.cycling
（2）A.long
B.longer
C.longest
（3）A.and
B.or
C.but
（4）A.usual
B.clean
C.different
（5）A.play
B.rest
C.work
（6）A.never
B.often
C.sometimes
（7）A.reason
B.excuse
C.method
【考点】议论文．
【分析】本文谈论了跑步这项运动给人们带来的益处，以及跑步需要准备的运动装备等，最后作者介绍了如何让初学者保持对跑步的兴趣的方法。
【解答】（1）A 动词辨析。A跑步，B游泳，C骑自行车，根据下文描述，Some people find running boring可知是跑步，故答案是A。
（2）B 形容词辨析。A长的，B更长的，C最长的，根据上句.It can make you feel better and look better.它可以让你感觉更好，看起来更好。后面应该是让你活得更长久，要用比较级，故答案是B。
（3）C 连词辨析。A和，B或者，C但是，根据上下句你不需要买特别的衣服，你应该买一双好的运动鞋。表转折，故答案是C。
（4）A 形容词辨析。A平常的，B干净的，C不同的，根据you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your应该是买比平时穿的大一码，故答案是A。
（5）B 动词辨析。A玩，B休息，C工作，根据上句Also，you shouldn't exercise every day另外，你不应该每天锻炼，可知每周要休息2到3次，故答案是B。
（6）C 副词辨析。A从不，B经常，C有时，根据You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate应该是你应该吃得好，喝很多水，但有时你仍然可以吃巧克力之类的好东西，故答案是C。
（7）A 名词辨析。A理由，B借口，C方法，根据上句You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.Another idea is to run in a race.你可以加入俱乐部，也可以和朋友一起锻炼身体。另一个主意是参加赛跑。应该是这可以给你一个训练的理由，让你对跑步感兴趣，故答案是A。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
7．（2020•攀枝花）"The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence（篱笆）．"That is an old（1）　B　in English．It means other places often look better，more interesting than the place（2）　B　you live．Some people worry that young Chinese are beginning to feel like that．They see young Chinese paying no attention to Chinese culture and， （3）　C　，buying Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even（4）　A　Western holidays．
    Foreign books and soap operas are good， （5）　C　Chinese writers and actors are just as good．As for holidays，Christmas is nice，but for Chinese，it（6）　B　has the special meaning like the Spring Festival，and the West has（7）　D　to compare with the Mid﹣Autumn Festival．Don't forget the best part of Chinese culture：Friendliness!Not all countries are as（8）　A　as China．
    It's good to enjoy other cultures and（9）　D　from them，but they can't take the place of your own culture．It's good to look on the other side of the fence，but（10）　C　you look carefully and closely，and you will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of the fence．
 
（1）A．word
B．saying
C．sentence
D．rule
（2）A．when
B．where
C．why
D．how
（3）A．beside
B．besides
C．instead
D．then
（4）A．celebrating
B．to celebrate
C．celebrated
D．celebrate
（5）A．if
B．so
C．but
D．or
（6）A．still
B．never
C．always
D．ever
（7）A．everything
B．something
C．anything
D．nothing
（8）A．warm
B．warmer
C．cold
D．colder
（9）A．learns
B．learning
C．in learning
D．to learn
（10）A．make up
B．make up of
C．make sure
D．be sure to
【考点】议论文．
【分析】本文通过一句谚语而引出了社会的现象，许多人总是认为其他国家的文化更好，我们可以向其他国家学习某些文化，同时也不要忘了我们自己本身的文化．
【解答】（1）B．考查名词．word话语；saying谚语；sentence句子；rule规则．根据上文"The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence．"意为"篱笆那边的草看起来更绿"，结合常识可知这是一句古老的谚语，所以空格处填saying．故选B．
（2）B．考查定语从句．when先行词指时间，在从句中作时间状语；where先行词指地点，在从句中作地点状语；why先行词指原因，在从句中作原因状语；how如何，不能引导定语从句．根据句子结构，此句是一个定语从句，先行词the place，在从句中作地点状语，关系词可以用where或in which．故选B．
（3）C．考查副词．beside在……旁边；besides况且；instead反而；then然后．空前表示"中国年轻人不在意中国文化"，空后表示"购买日本卡通漫画书、看韩国肥皂剧，甚至庆祝西方节假日"，句意出现转折，且后文陈述的情况取代了前文，所以空格处填instead．故选C．
（4）A．考查动词．celebrate庆祝．celebrating动名词或动词的现在分词；to celebrate动词不定式；celebrated动词的过去式；celebrate动词原形．根据题干中"…buying Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even  Western holidays．"可知and连接并列结构，动词都用﹣ing形式，此处用celebrating符合题意．故选A．
（5）C．考查连词．if如果；so因此；but但是；or否则．空前表示"外国书和肥皂剧是很不错"，空后表示"中国的作家和演员一样好"，句意出现转折，所以空格处填but．故选C．
（6）B．考查副词．still仍然；never从不；always总是；ever曾经．but是表转折，根据Christmas is nice，可知，圣诞节虽然也不错，但是跟中国春节相比，它从来没有春节的那种意味，所以空格处填never．故选B．
（7）D．考查不定代词．everything一切；something某些事物；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么．根据语境可知此处在强调中国节日的特别，应是说西方节日中"没什么"能跟中秋节相比，用nothing符合题意．故选D．
（8）A．考查形容词．warm温暖的，友好的；warmer更温暖的，更友好的；cold冷酷的；colder更冷酷的．固定搭配：as+形容词/副词原级+as，表示"如……一样……"，排除BD．根据上文"Don't forget the best part of Chinese culture：Friendliness! "可知友好是中国文化最好的部分，所以空格处填warm．故选A．
（9）D．考查非谓语动词．learn学习．learns动词的第三人称单数形式；learning动名词/现在分词；in learning介词+动名词；to learn动词不定式．and表并列关系连词，连接前后的词性保持一致，and前to enjoy是动词不定式，所以此空也填动词不定式to learn．故选D．
（10）C．考查动词短语．make up弥补；make up of由……组成；make sure一定；be sure to一定．根据下文"you will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of the fence"可知，你一定要仔细地看一看，排除AB；be sure to do sth．是固定搭配，不符合语境，排除D；此处用make sure接省略that的宾语从句．故选C．
【点评】完形填空题主要考查学生对词语的运用能力及对语境的理解能力，这类题同一小题的四个选项一般是同一词性．做题时要先通读短文，了解各题所在的语境，然后在理解各选项意思的基础上结合具体的上下文来选择最佳答案填空．
8．（2020•攀枝花）How do you image the future？Will life in the future be better，worse or the same as now？（1）　D　do you like the future？
    People think that life will probably be very different in 2050． First of all， larger planes（2）　C　， so flying will be very cheap． The cars will be powered by electricity， so they will be much cleaner and safer．Everyone will have such a car，even a robot．And space planes will take us around the world in two hours．Homes will be warm in winter and cool in summer，so they will be very comfortable，we will use the sun（3）　B　our homes．Computers will be smaller，so they will be very（4）　D　．People will do more things on the Internet．
    At that time， water will become one of our most serious problems．In many places，farmers will be in great need of water to（5）　A　fruit and vegetables． By 2050， we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again． At that time， our life will become better and better．
 
（1）A． Which
B． What
C． Why
D． How
（2）A． produces
B． is produced
C． will be produced
D． was produced
（3）A． heats
B． to heat
C． heating
D． heated
（4）A． heavy
B． new
C． long
D． light
（5）A． grow
B． check
C． buy
D． sell
【考点】议论文．
【分析】你想象过未来的生活吗？你觉得未来的生活会是什么样的？很多人都觉得未来生活肯定和现在很不一样，这篇短文中给我们做了一些设想．
【解答】（1）D．考查疑问词辨析及语境．Which哪一个；What什么；Why为什么；How怎样．根据上文"How do you image the future？ Will life in the future be better， worse or the same as now？"这里提出了几个问题，询问我们对未来的看法．这里考查句型How do you like…？你觉得……怎么样？故选D．
（2）C．考查被动语态以及语境．produces生产，第三人称单数形式；is produced一般现在时的被动语态；will be produced一般将来时的被动语态；was produced一般过去时的被动语态．根据句意可知，该句主语larger planes与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态；且这里设想的是未来的生活，应用一般将来时态．故选C．
（3）B．考查非谓语动词辨析及语境．heats加热，动词第三人称单数形式；to heat动词不定式；heating动名词或现在分词形式；heated过去式或过去分词形式．根据句子结构可知，这里使用了句型use…to do sth．"用……去做某事"，故选B．
（4）D．考查形容词辨析及语境．heavy重的；new新的；long长的；light轻的．根据句中"Computers will be smaller"和常识可知，电脑会更小，重量也会更轻，这样人们用起来会更加方便．故选D．
（5）A．考查动词辨析及语境．grow种植；check核对，检查；buy买；sell卖．根据句意和空后的"…fruit and vegetables"可知，农民用水来种植水果和蔬菜．故选A．
【点评】完形填空题主要考查学生对词语的运用能力及对语境的理解能力，这类题同一小题的四个选项一般是同一词性．做题时要先通读短文，了解各题所在的语境，然后在理解各选项意思的基础上结合具体的上下文来选择最佳答案填空．
9．（2020•绥化）
Should I Be Allowed to Make My Own Decisions？
    Many teenagers have hobbies．But sometimes these can （1）　B　the way of their schoolwork，and parents might worry about their success at school．Teenagers often think they should （2）　C　to practice their hobbies as much as they want．Do you agree？
    Liu Yu，a （3）　C　boy from Shandong，is a running star．He is （4）　A　his school team and has always wanted to be a professional runner when he grows up．However，his parents won't allow him to train so much．"Of course we want to see him（5）　B　his dreams，"says Mr．Liu． "My wife and I have supported （6）　A　of his races．We have nothing against（7）　B　!But we think our son needs to think about other possible jobs．He's getting older now，so he needs to think about what（8）　C　if he doesn't end up as a professional runner．"
    Liu Yu doesn't （9）　A　agree， "Well，I think they should allow me to decide for myself．" He says．"My parents have always told me how important it is to work hard at school and enter university．I understand this，but I'm serious about running．It's the only thing（10）　B　I've ever wanted to do．"
    His parents believe that he needs to spend more time on his homework because it is difficult to become a professional sports star．But Liu Yu still disagrees．"I know my parents care about me．But I think I should make this choice myself．Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream．"
 
（1）A．get on
B．get in
C．get up
（2）A．allow
B．allowed
C．be allowed
（3）A．fifteen﹣years﹣old
B．fifteen years old
C．fifteen﹣year﹣old
（4）A．on
B．at
C．for
（5）A．achieves
B．achieve
C．to achieve
（6）A．every one
B．everyone
C．every
（7）A．run
B．running
C．to run
（8）A．happens
B．happened
C．will happen
（9）A．really
B．very
C．real
（10）A．which
B．/
C．who
【考点】议论文．
【分析】本文讲述了青少年对爱好的看法和父母的看法不同，父母担心这些爱好影响学业，而青少年认为应该尽可能多地练习他们的爱好．
【解答】（1）B．考查动词短语辨析．get on 上车；get in 进来；get up 起床．根据parents might worry about their success at school，可知，父母担心他们的爱好会耽误学业，固定搭配：get in the way of"阻碍"，故选B．
（2）C．考查动词时态辨析．allow 动词原形；allowed 过去式；be allowed 被动语态．根据句意，此处表示"青少年认为被允许尽可能多地练习他们的爱好"，此处应该用被动语态be done的结构，故选C．
（3）C．考查复合形容词．此处修饰名词boy，用形容词作定语．由连字符连接在一起的符合形容词中的名词要用单数形式，故选C．
（4）A．考查介词辨析．on 在…上；at 在；for 为了．根据句意，此空表示"在校队"，固定搭配：on a team，在队里并成为队员，故选A．
（5）B．考查动词时态辨析．achieves 动词三单形式；achieve 动词原形；to achieve 动词不定式．see sb do sth"看见某人做某事"，故选B．
（6）A．考查不定代词辨析．every one 每个人/物；everyone 每个人，后不可接of；every 每个．everyone和every后面不能直接接of，此空填every one表示"每一次比赛"，故选A．
（7）B．考查非谓语动词辨析．run 动词原形；running 动名词/现在分词；to run 动词不定式．against是介词，后接动名词，故选B．
（8）C．考查动词时态辨析．happens 动词三单形式；happened 一般过去时；will happen 一般将来时．if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故选C．
（9）A．考查副词辨析．really 真地；very 非常；real 真的．此处修饰动词agree，并且表示"他真地不同意父母的想法"，故选A．
（10）B．考查定语从句的关系词辨析．which 指物的关系词；who 指人的关系词．根据句子结构，此句是一个定语从句，先行词thing指物，在从句中作宾语，关系词可以省略或用which，that．但是当先行词前有only修饰时，只能用关系词that，而that作宾语时可省略，故选B．
【点评】完形填空题主要考查学生对词语的运用能力及对语境的理解能力，这类题同一小题的四个选项一般是同一词性．做题时要先通读短文，了解各题所在的语境，然后在理解各选项意思的基础上结合具体的上下文来选择最佳答案填空．
10．（2019•湖北）Dear Li Ming，
    I am happy to hear that you would like to become an architect（建筑师）！Your aunt tells me that you are a good student a hard worker，so  I（1）　D　 know that you'll be able to realize whatever you put your mind to．
    You have （2）　B　a difficult but great job．Architect is unusual because it is a mixture of both art and science．You need to be（3）　C　 to think  of new and interesting designs（设计）．You also need to be good at math and science so that you can translate your creative ideas  into buildings that are safe and（4）　C　．Even language is important to an architect．You need to be able express your ideas （5）　A　so that other people can understand them．
  Think about all the different kinds of （6）　C　 people need：houses，apartment，schools，office buildings，grocery stores，churches，malls ，hotels，factories，gyms，airports，hospitals．Architects think up the（7）　B　way  to build each building so that it is interesting to look at，safe，and easy to use．
    First ，the architect usually creates a proposal（提案） that shows the customer his or her idea for the building．（8）　A　the customer likes it ，then the architect keeps working．He or she （9）　D　a plan that shows all the details of how the building will be constructed（建造）．The architect does not actually build the structure．But questions often come up during the construction，（10）　A　the architect always needs to be easily．
    （11）　A　 the idea in my mind becomes a real building is my favorite．That is always  （12）　B　for me．
    Please let me know if you have any other questions．You are also welcome to visit me  anytime．
Uncle Wang
 
（1）A．ever
B．never
C．hardly
D．already
（2）A．found
B．chosen
C．accepted
D．completed
（3）A．active
B．educated
C．creative
D．talented
（4）A．hopeful
B．traditional
C．useful
D．expensive
（5）A．clearly
B．widely
C．politely
D．kindly
（6）A．houses
B．schools
C．buildings
D．churches
（7）A．newest
B．best
C．dearest
D．cheapest
（8）A．If
B．When
C．Before
D．After
（9）A．starts with
B．deals with
C．gets on with
D．comes up with
（10）A．so
B．but
C．and
D．or
（11）A．Seeing
B．Knowing
C．Expecting
D．Hearing
（12）A．boring
B．exciting
C．moving
D．tiring
【考点】议论文．
【分析】文章主要讲了王叔叔向李明介绍一个建筑师要如何做．
【解答】（1）D  考查副词及语境理解．A．ever曾经 B．never 从未C．hardly几乎不 D．already 已经．根据语境，句意为我已经知道你会意识到你想做什么．故选D．
（2）B 考查动词及语境理解．根据a difficult but great job，句意为：你选择了一个困难但很棒的工作．故选B．
（3）C  考查形容词及语境理解．根据 so that you can translate your creative ideas  into buildings这样你就可以把你的创意转化为建筑 ，可知句意为：你需要有创造性的思维．故选C．
（4）C  考查形容词及语境理解．A．hopeful有希望的 B．traditional传统的 C．useful有用的 D．expensive 贵的，根据You also need to be good at math and science 你还需要擅长数学和科学，句意为：你还需要擅长数学和科学，这样你才能把你的创意转化为安全有用的建筑．故选C．
（5）A  考查副词及语境理解．根据so that other people can understand them所以人们可以理解你，句意为；你要把想法解释清楚．故选A．
（6）C  考查名词及语境理解．根据houses，apartment，schools，office buildings，grocery stores，churches，malls ，hotels，factories，gyms，airports，hospitals 房屋、公寓、学校、办公楼、杂货店、教堂、商场、酒店、工厂、体育馆、机场、医院，可知此处是指不同的建筑．故选C．
（7）B 考查形容词及语境理解．根据so that it is interesting to look at，safe，and easy to use所以看起来很有趣，安全，易于使用，句意为：建筑师要想出最好的方法．故选B．
（8）A 考查副词及语境理解．根据then the architect keeps working然后建筑师继续工作，可知句意为；如果顾客喜欢，然后建筑师继续工作．故选A．
（9）D 考查短语及语境理解．A．starts with开始 B．deals with处理 C．gets on with继续 D．comes up with 提出．根据语境，句意为他或她想出了一个计划，展示了该建筑将如何建造的所有细节．故选D．
（10）A  考查副词及语境理解．根据the architect always needs to be easily，结合上文，可知句意为；所以建筑师总是需要从容地．故选A．
（11）A  考查动词及语境理解．A．Seeing看到 B．Knowing知道 C．Expecting期待 D．Hearing 听，根据语境，可知句意为；看到我心中的想法变成一座真正的建筑是我最喜欢的．故选A．
（12）B 考查形容词及语境理解．根据上文讲到看到我心中的想法变成一座真正的建筑是我最喜欢的，可知此处句意为：这令我很兴奋．故选B．
【点评】做题方法：首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，词型，词的搭配，并注意上下连贯，合乎逻辑．结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．
11．（2021•大埔县一模）Recently，mobile phones have become more and more popular with both the young and the old.People accept the convenient way of communication and some even cannot live without them.They play（1）　B　important role in people's life.
    Grace is a sixty﹣year﹣old woman.She lives（2）　D　 herself because her son works in another city.She used to feel lonely.One day，her son bought a mobile phone for her（3）　C　 taught her how to use WeChat.Since then，he hasn't felt lonely because she（4）　A　talk with her son face to face with the help of WeChat.What's more，she has made many friends（5）　B　 have the same hobby as her through WeChat.She thinks mobile phones have made her life colorful and convenient.
    However，as for teenagers，mobile phones are not so（6）　A　 for them.Tony is a middle school student from Shanghai.Last year，a mobile phone（7）　C　 to him as his birthday gift by his father.Tony liked it very much because he could do many things with his mobile phone，such as listening to music，watching movies，buying things he wanted，and（8）　C　 in touch with his friends.He paid no attention to his study anymore.He completely lost（9）　D　 in mobile phones.Finally，his father had to take back his mobile phones.From the story we know（10）　D　important it is to use mobile phones properly.
 
（1）A.the
B.an
C.a
D. /
（2）A.at
B.on
C.for
D.by
（3）A.or
B.so
C.and
D.but
（4）A.can
B.may
C.must
D.need
（5）A.when
B.who
C.which
D.whom
（6）A.good
B.better
C.best
D.the best
（7）A.gave
B.will give
C.was given
D.will be given
（8）A.keep
B.keeps
C.keeping
D.kept
（9）A.him
B.her
C.herself
D.himself
（10）A.what
B.what a
C.what an
D.how
【考点】议论文．
【分析】文章介绍了手机的利弊。
【解答】（1）B 冠词辨析。a一（个），用于以辅音音素开头的单词前表示泛指；an一（个），用于以元音音素开头的单词前表示泛指；the定冠词，表示特指；/不填。根据play an important role扮演重要角色，是固定短语，故答案是B。
（2）D 介词辨析。A在，B在...上，C为，D由，根据live by oneself独居，是固定短语，故答案是D。
（3）C 连词辨析。A或者，B所以，C和，D但是，根据语境：一天，儿子给她买了一部手机，教她如何使用微信，表并列，故答案是C。
（4）A 情态动词辨析。A能，B可能，C必须，D需要，根据语境：从那时起，他就不再感到孤独，因为她可以在微信的帮助下与儿子面对面交谈。表示能用can，故答案是A。
（5）B 关系代词辨析。根据题干，是定语从句，先行词many friends是人，作主语，用who，故答案是B。
（6）A 形容词辨析。A好的，B更好的，C最好的，D最好的，根据语境：然而，对于青少年来说，手机对他们来说并不那么好。用原形good，故答案是A。
（7）C 语态辨析。根据Last year可知时态是一般过去时，结合语境：一部手机被送给他，要用被动语态，构成是was/were done，故答案是C。
（8）C 动名词辨析。根据前面buying things he wanted，and是并列关系，也要用动名词，故答案是C。
（9）D 代词辨析。A他，B她，C她自己，D他自己，根据He completely lost（9）in mobile phones.主语是he，应该是他完全沉迷于手机，用himself，故答案是D。
（10）D 引导词辨析。根据题干，是感叹句，中心词important是形容词，用how，故答案是D。
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
12．（2021•南岸区模拟）What would you want to tell kids from the future if you had the chance？That's the situation my classmates and I faced today.You see，our school is （1）　B　.It will be taken down at the end of this year.Next autumn，we will move into a brand new school.
    Our（2）　D　 told us that we could put a "time capsule"，a box in which we put things we think will be of interest to people in the future.When the workers start to build our new school，they will bury（埋） our time capsule（3）　A　 the stone wall.A hundred years later，someone will find it.
    So，what to put in it？Someone said that we could put a CD with popular music of the day.That was a good idea.That way，the future generation（一代人） will know what kids like us enjoyed （4）　B　.Someone else said leaving a copy of the day's newspaper.I agreed with that too.（5）　C　？It will show what was going on in our world on the day we （6）　A　 our time capsule.There were many other good（7）　D　，like a favorite book，pictures of our old school or pictures of us.
    I said we all could write a short letter.In the letter，we would describe what we thought the future would be like ﹣ using our imagination!（8）　B　agreed with me.They all thought it was great.Imagine what kids in the future will （9）　C　 us!
    We went on talking about it （10）　A　.It made us think about life in the future.It made us wonder what kids will be like one hundred years later.
 
（1）A.new
B.old
C.big
D.small
（2）A.farmer
B.driver
C.doctor
D.teacher
（3）A.inside
B.outside.
C.on
D.above
（4）A.looking at
B.listening to
C.speaking to
D.laughing at
（5）A.When
B.Where
C.Why
D.How
（6）A.opened
B.broke
C.filled
D.lost
（7）A.schools
B.pictures
C.books
D.ideas
（8）A.No one
B.Everyone
C.Anyone
D.Someone
（9）A.take after
B.deal with
C.think of
D.turn to
（10）A.happily
B.angrily
C.sadly
D.bravely
【考点】议论文．
【分析】作者想告诉将来的孩子们一些事，本文主要讲了作者和他同学们的有趣想法。
【解答】（1）B 考查形容词。new新的；old旧的，老的；big大的；small小的。根据后面"It will be taken down at the end of this year.Next autumn，we will move into a brand new school. "可知，学校将在今年年底被拆除，明年秋天，我们将搬进一所崭新的学校。所以此处是说我们的学校很旧。句意：你看，我们的学校很古老。故选B。
（2）D 考查名词。farmer农民；driver司机；doctor医生；teacher老师。根据前文说我们的学校要拆除，结合第一段的"my classmates" ，"school"等词可知，这是说在学校里的活动，选项中只有"老师"与学校有关，此处应该是老师告诉我们。句意：我们的老师告诉我们，我们可以放一个"时间胶囊"，一个我们认为未来人们会感兴趣的东西的盒子。故选D。
（3）A 考查介词。inside在里面；outside在外面；on在……上面；above在……上面。根据前面"When the workers start to build our new school，"可知，此处应该是说"把我们的时间胶囊埋在石墙里"，inside符合语境。句意：当工人们开始建造我们的新学校时，他们将把我们的时间胶囊埋在石墙里。故选A。
（4）B 考查动词短语。looking at看；listening to听；speaking to说；laughing at笑。根据前面"Someone said that we could put a CD with popular music of the day."可知，music应该与listen to搭配。句意：这样，未来的一代就会知道像我们这样的孩子喜欢听什么。故选B。
（5）C 考查词。When何时；Where哪儿；Why为什么；How怎样。根据前面"Someone else said leaving a copy of the day's newspaper"可知，有人提出建议，后文"It will show what was going on in our world on the day"是在解释原因，所以空格应该是问"为什么"。句意：为什么？故选C。
（6）A 考查动词。opened打开；broke打破；filled填满；lost失去。根据空前"It will show…"可知，此处应该是说打开这个时间胶囊，这样才会知道发生了什么。句意：未来某一天，当我们打开这个时间胶囊，我们将知道发生了什么。故选A。
（7）D 考查名词。schools学校；pictures图片；books书籍；ideas主意。根据空后"like a favorite book，pictures of our old school or pictures of us."可知，这是列举两个主意，所以此处应该是说"其它的好主意"。句意：还有很多其它的好主意，像最喜欢的书，我们以前学校的照片或我们的照片。故选D。
（8）B 考查代词。No one没有人；Everyone每个人；Anyone任何人；Someone某人。根据后面"They all thought it was great"可知，他们都认为这不错，所以此处是"每个人都赞同我"。句意：每个人都赞同我。故选B。
（9）C 考查动词短语。take after与……相像；deal with处理；think of认为，想象；turn to转向。根据本句句意结合选项可知，此处应该是说"将来的孩子会怎么看我们"，think of符合语境。句意：想象一下将来的孩子会怎么看我们！故选C。
（10）A 考查副词。happily高兴地；angrily生气地；sadly伤心地；bravely勇敢地。根据前文说同学们都提出了很多想法，可知这里需要一个表达积极心情的单词，结合选项可知，此处是表达"高兴地谈论它"。句意：我们继续高兴地谈论它。故选A。
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
13．（2021•增城区一模）Over recent years，letter writing has been replaced by other ways of communicating.Technology has （1）　B　 so fast that we now expect to be able to see people at any time and get response （2）　D　.Rather than put pen to paper，it feels much more natural for us to send text messages and emails.
    It is true that these modern ways of communicating have their own （3）　B　.We can talk to people all over the world even in a few （4）　A　.Communicating with people by sending text messages or emails can help us save time and receive a （5）　C　 as soon as possible.We can also （6）　A　 mistakes in our emails before sending them.But if we make a mistake in a letter，we have to cross it out or start again.
    But have you ever thought about what we are losing？Yes，we are （7）　C　 about the art of letter writing.
    Almost everybody would say that reading a hand﹣written from a friend is （8）　D　.When you know someone has spent the time writing a letter for you，especially a birthday letter，there's something very （9）　B　 in your heart.
    On the other hand，not only the person receiving the letter will benefit from a lovely envelope（信封），but also the writer himself.When we know we're doing something that will make our friends very happy，we feel good about ourselves，too.
    In addition，writing a letter can （10）　D　 your language skills and you can also learn some new expressions.
 
（1）A.reached
B.developed
C.moved
D.connected
（2）A.luckily
B.suddenly
C.actually
D.immediately
（3）A.challenges
B.advantages
C.difficulties
D.problems
（4）A.seconds
B.hours
C.days
D.weeks
（5）A.gift
B.smile
C.reply
D.greeting
（6）A.correct
B.admit
C.deny
D.make
（7）A.learning
B.caring
C.forgetting
D.worrying
（8）A.awful
B.difficult
C.humorous
D.enjoyable
（9）A.clever
B.special
C.interesting
D.useful
（10）A.copy
B.check
C.reduce
D.improve
【考点】议论文．
【分析】本文主要讲述的是写信和现代通讯之间的比较。现代通讯很发达，可以让人们在几秒钟内和全世界的人们通话，但是这样人们很少写信，逐渐淡忘了写信的艺术。
【解答】（1）B 动词辨析。A抵达，到达；B发展，提高；C移动，变化；D联系"科技发展"使用动词develop，句意：科技发展地如此迅速以至于我们期望着能够在任何时候看到他人并且立刻得到回复。故答案选B。
（2）D 副词辨析。A幸运地；B突然地；C真实地；D立刻地。人们科技的发展能够缩短时间成本，能够立刻得到别人的回复，句意：科技发展地如此迅速以至于我们期望着能够在任何时候看到他人并且立刻得到回复。故答案选D。
（3）B 名词辨析。A挑战；B优点，有利条件；C困难；D问题。空格后句提到我们可以在几秒钟之内和全世界的人沟通，因此这些先进的技术是有好处的，句意：这些先进的沟通方式有它们自己的好处是真的。故答案选B。
（4）A 名词辨析。A秒；B小时；C日；D周，当前的通信技术下我们只需要几秒就可以和全世界的人沟通，句意：即便在几秒钟之内，我们也可以和全世界的人沟通。故答案选A，
（5）C 名词解析。A礼物；B微笑；C回复；D打招呼。发信息和邮件给别人是为了收到别人的回信，句意：通过短信和邮件与其他人沟通可以帮助我们节省时间并且尽可能快的收到回复。故答案选C。
（6）A 动词辨析。A改正，纠正；B承认；C否认；D制作。在发送之前，邮件是可以一直修改的，correct mistakes为因定搭配，表示修正错误，句意：我们还可以在发送之前修正我们邮件里的错误。故答案选A.
（7）C 动词辨析。A学习；B关心；C忘记；D担心。由于人们过多的使用电子信件，导致我们开始逐渐遗忘书信写作了，句意：是的，我们正在遗忘书信写作的艺术。故答室选C。
（8）D 形容调辨析。A很坏的，极讨厌的；B困难的；C滑稽有趣的；D享受的。空格后句提到生日时收到朋友的手写信会感到很暖心，可推知读朋友的手写信是很愉悦的一件事情，句意：几乎每个人都会说阅读来自一位朋友的手写信是很享受的。故答案选D。
（9）B 形容词辨析。A聪明的；B特别的；C有趣的；D有用的。在电子信件泛滥的当下，收到朋友花时间写的手写信是很特别的一件事情，句意：当你知道有人花时间为你写了一封信，特别是一封生日贺信，你的心里会感到很特别。故答案选B。
（10）D 动词辨析。A复制；B检查；C减少；D改进，改善。写作能够提升、改善表达的技巧，句意：总的来说。写一封信能够改进你的语言技巧，你也可以学到一些新的表达。故答案选D。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
14．（2021•姑苏区校级二模）For a long time I saw happiness as a huge banner（旗帜） across the finish line of a long race.I felt that only when I（1）　D　certain things could I finally be happy in my life.Most of the time I felt like a tortoise（乌龟） believing that being slow would win the race.At other times I would act like a rabbit trying different side roads at dangerous（2）　C　hoping to reach that banner a little faster.Gradually（逐渐地） ，I began to see that no matter how long I raced towards it，the banner was never any（3）　C　.I finally decided to sit down and take a break.It was then that I saw my（4）　A　sitting beside me.
    It had been with me as I（5）　D　hard to support my family，as I played with my children and heard them laughing and even when I was（6）　C　with my wife at my side looking after me.It had been with me as I raced towards that stupid banner.I just did not have the（7）　C　to see it.
    As an old Chinese saying goes，"Stress is who you think you should be.Relaxation is who you are."Perhaps we all should stop our race towards the（8）　B　life we think we should have and enjoy the life we have now.Happiness will never be found under some banner far away.It will be found in your own heart，soul and mind.It will be found when you（9）　A　that others love you just as you do.
    Don't be a tortoise or a rabbit when it comes to your happiness.Be a playful dog and carry your stick of joy with you everywhere you go.Take yourself out of the race and realize that when it comes to love and happiness，you are（10）　D　there.
 
（1）A.forgot
B.missed
C.offered
D.finished
（2）A.place
B.height
C.speed
D.time
（3）A.clearer
B.lower
C.closer
D.smaller
（4）A.happiness
B.sadness
C.success
D.friends
（5）A.studied
B.fought
C.exercised
D.worked
（6）A.lonely
B.tired
C.sick
D.hungry
（7）A.courage
B.chance
C.wisdom
D.strength
（8）A.real
B.perfect
C.common
D.colorful
（9）A.realize
B.believe
C.hope
D.consider
（10）A.still
B.ever
C.never
D.already
【考点】议论文．
【分析】作者通过自身的经历诠释了这样一个道理：我们经常认为只有取得了某些成就，过上理想中完美的生活才会幸福．其实幸福就存在于我们不经意间平凡而琐碎的生活中，它早就已经根植在你我身边．
【解答】（1）D．考查动词及语境理解。A忘记，B错过，C提供，D完成；实现；根据学生已有的文化背景可知"finish line of a long race."是人取得阶段性的成功才能真正感觉到幸福，故选D。
（2）C．考查名词及语境理解。A地方，B高度，C速度，速率，D时间；时代，根据下文提到hoping to reach that banner a little faster可知，既然是想快点到达终点，肯定是以一种危险的速度前行，故选C。
（3）C．考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A更清楚的，B下级的，C靠近的，D更小的，根据下文I finally decided to sit down and take a break.可知，那个目标从来没有离作者更近一些，故选C。
（4）A．考查名词及语境理解。A幸福，B伤心，C成功，成就；D朋友，根据下文"Happiness will never be found under some banner far away."可知，作者停下来休息时才发现，幸福就在身边，故选A。
（5）D．考查动词及语境理解。A学习，B战斗，C锻炼，练习，D工作，据下文"hard to support my family"可知，当作者努力工作养家的时候，幸福在他身边，故选D。
（6）C．考查形容词及语境理解。A寂寞的，B疲倦的，C恶心的，生病的，D饥饿的，根据下文"my wife at my side looking after me"可知，甚至当作者生病，有妻子在身边照顾他的时候，幸福在他身边，故选C。
（7）C．考查名词及语境理解。A勇气；胆量，B机会，际遇，C智慧，才智，D力量；力气；根据上文"as I raced towards that stupid banner"中的stupid可推知，幸福一直在作者身边，只是作者没有智慧去发现这一点，故选C。
（8）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A实际的；真实的，B完美的，C共同的；普通的，D五颜六色的，根据上下文的语意，可知作者以前总是追求自以为值得自己全力以赴争取的某种生活，所以应该是略带贬义的自以为完美的生活。故选B。
（9）A．考查动词及语境理解。A实现；认识到，B信任，C希望；期望，D考虑；准许进入，根据上文作者得到启示："当你意识到别人爱你，你也爱着别人时，幸福就来临了。故选A。
（10）D．考查副词及语境理解。A仍然，B曾经，C从不，D已经，结合语境：曾经从那个竞赛中解脱出来，你就会发现你已经处于爱和幸福之中，故选D。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。
15．（2021•珠海二模）What do you usually do in your spare time？Many students choose to stay at home，but not Zhang Hua，（1）　B　 11﹣year﹣old boy from Zhuhai.Every day，he（2）　C　 at least two hours on outdoor activities.
    With his（3）　A　help，he enjoys outdoor activities rather than focusing on his study all the time.One year ago，his father noticed that Zhang Hua did not go out for enough exercise afterschool，so he took his son to do outdoor activities.（4）　D　 he is in primary school，he is now famous for outdoor activities on the Internet.
    Many people show their opinions about Zhang Hua.
    Some teenagers say（5）　B　 exercise can make them relaxed and improve their memory.The more outdoor activities they do，（6）　A　 their brains will be.Although facing increasing pressure in studies，they join the school's athletic athletic programs.It's not only a way to relax but also a kind of（7）　D　 for will power （毅力）.
    However，some parents express their worries.They don't think two hours（8）　A　 too much for children at Zhang Hua's age，but it might be difficult when their children get older.They have a lot of homework and after﹣school classes，（9）　B　 on weekdays.Sometimes，parents are（10）　C　 about the safety of outdoor activities because children may do crazy and risky things.
    In fact，both parents and children like outdoor activities.They think that outdoor activities play an important role in their daily life.They can make children's brain active and improve their study.
 
（1）A.a
B.an
C.the
D. /
（2）A.takes
B.costs
C.spends
D.pays
（3）A.father's
B.father
C.fathers
D.fathers'
（4）A.If
B.Until
C.Unless
D.Although
（5）A.how
B.that
C.which
D.whether
（6）A.the more active
B.the most active
C.the more actively
D.the most actively
（7）A.train
B.trains
C.trainer
D.training
（8）A.is
B.isn't
C.are
D.aren't
（9）A.clearly
B.especially
C.actually
D.recently
（10）A.worry
B.worries
C.worried
D.worrying
【考点】议论文．
【分析】文章介绍了作者喜欢户外运动及户外运动的好处。
【解答】（1）B 冠词辨析。A一，用于首字母发音是辅音音素前；B一，用于首字母发音是元音音素前；C特指；D不填；结合句意：Zhang Hua,来自珠海的男孩，泛指，后面的eleven是以元音字母开头，故选B。
（2）C 动词辨析。spends花费，主语必须是人；takes需要...时间，后面跟双宾语，常见用法为：It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事；costs主语为物或某种活动，常见用法为：sth.cost（s）sb.+金钱，某物花费某人多少钱；pays支付，主语为人，常见用法为：pay money for sth.为某物付钱。主语是he,花费时间应该用动词spend,句意每天，他至少用两个小时做户外运动，故选C。
（3）A 考查名词的所有格。结合句意：父亲的帮助，应用father's help,故选A。
（4）D 连词辨析。A如果，B直到，C除非，D虽然，根据句意"虽然他才小学，但他已经因为户外活动而在网上闻名"，此空应表转折，故选D。
（5）B 连词辨析。A怎样，B无实际意义，C哪个，D是否，考查宾语从句，不缺成分，句意一些青少年说锻炼能使他们放松，提高记忆力。应选择B。
（6）A 短语辨析。与前半句"the more"句式相同，且be动词后应用形容词，故选A。
（7）D 动词辨析。根据of后面要用名词或动名词training,句意，"一种训练毅力的方式"可知此空应为单数，故选D。
（8）A 动词辨析。two hours共同作为主语，应看做单数，且句意为"两个小时对于张华这个年纪的孩子来说不算多"，故选A。
（9）B 副词辨析。A清楚地，B尤其，C实际上，D目前，根据句意，"他们有很多的作业和补习班，尤其在周末"，故选B。
（10）C 形容词辨析。考查固定搭配，be worried about意为担忧，故选C。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。

考点卡片
1．议论文
【概念及特点】
完形填空题就是在一篇短文中空出某些词（或短语），每个空白处提供四个选项，要求从中选出一个最佳答案，使短文意思完整、结构合理、无语法错误的题型．
完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型．它题材广泛，体裁多样．文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等．而夹叙夹议型文章成为近几年完形填空变化的一个特点．篇章大多有10或15个小题，难度符合《新课程标准》的要求．
完形填空题的特点：
    1、完形填空题能够较为全面地考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力．这一题型的主要考查内容为：
（1）语言知识型．考查语言基础知识，如固定短语、基本句型、基础语法、单词在一定语境下的具体应用、习惯用法、常用搭配等．
（2）推理判断型．考查对篇章的整体理解和推理判断能力．
（3）综合型．综合考查知识和能力．
2．完形填空题所选文章有以下两大特点：
（1）所选文章是一个有机的整体尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍存在于篇章之中．
（2）文章选材广泛
近几年在试题设计上选择了学生感兴趣的热门话题，降低了对单词本身词义及语法的考查，注重上下文联系，突出综合运用英语的能力，全面测试考生的阅读理解能力、逻辑思维能力、逻辑分析能力和推理判断能力．因此，考生做完形填空题时，要快速通读全文，理解文章大意与各段落的中心意思，把握文章脉络和作者的写作意图．
【命题趋势】
完形填空题的两空之间一般相隔7﹣10个词，短文第一个句子作为提示句，一般不设空，并且短文被删去的词多是实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词）为主，而虚词（介词、连词、冠词）相对较少，甚至不设空．其特点如下：
1．以考查实词为主
信息词汇（或通常所说的"实词"）比重极大，且有逐年增加的趋势．
2．降低了对单词本身词义的考查要求
突出该题型的主要测试目的：理解全文，通篇考虑，掌握大意，注意关联．
3．增加了考查连词的题
考查考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及对文句之间关联性的理解．
4．注重结合语境考查对词语用法的掌握
主要涉及两个方面：词义辨析与习惯搭配．同义词与近义词的比较分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义．如果只是一一对应地记单词的中文意思，不注意具体语境中单词的确切含义，是难以分辨一些词的细微差异的．
【解题步骤】
1．通读全文，了解大意
做题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤．通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓．
完形填空题不同于单项填空题，单项填空题所给的是一个或两个句子，根据设空句或前后语境就可以选出答案．而完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文，答案的选择要联系整段或整篇文章．切勿为了省时而边看边填；否则，只会欲速则不达．许多地方看不下去，选择时或不解其意，或似懂非懂，从而举棋不定，这样不仅错误率高，而且费时费力．
每篇短文总有一定的主题思想，段落之间必须能承上启下，前后呼应，句与句之间也一定紧密相连，形成一个有机的整体．因此通读全文时要一气呵成，不要中断思路，只要能理解短文的大意即可．某些细节不理解可以跳过，如果不影响答题，可以置之不理；如果与答题有关，可等到第二步填空时再解决．另外，在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾，因为它们往往能够提供主要的信息，有助于我们把握全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想．
2．瞻前顾后，初选答案
在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题．根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，凭借语感先选出比较容易的答案．有些题目设计得很巧妙，由下文暗示上文，很有可能开头的空格填入四个选项在语法上都成立，但正确选项要到文章末尾才能知道．反之亦然，文章末尾的空格有可能在上文找到提示性的内容．
3．每空细读，分析斟酌
逐句精读，逐题分析选项，有少数空格需多方面地推敲分析，如词义分析、语法结构分析、上下文推理分析等，下面是从所给四个选项角度考虑的解题思路：
（1）若考查冠词，则须依据短文空白后单词的第一个音素来确定是用a还是an，根据空格后名词是表示特指还是泛指来确定是用不定冠词a/an还是用定冠词the，或根据冠词的习惯用法来确定．
（2）若是考查介词或副词（如up，out，of，away等）可先从固定搭配入手；若不属于固定搭配，则根据句子结构及介词和副词的意义及用法仔细进行推敲从而作出选择．
（3）若四个选项是名词，则须注意名词的单复数形式、所有格形式等．
（4）如考查形容词或副词，则须根据其所在句中的作用以及它前面的修饰语等来确定是什么词性，是应用比较级还是最高级．
（5）如果考查动词，要么考查在特定语境中动词词义的辨析，要么考查某些固定搭配或时态、语态以及非谓语动词形式等．
（6）若选项是连接词、关系词或连词，则应根据句子结构和上下文的意思决定是选择连接（关系）代词还是连接（关系）副词．也可从连词的一些惯用法或固定搭配等入手，如not．…until、as．…as、not so…as或用because不用so、用but不用though等．
4．复核全文，清除疏漏
所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整，经过第三步的逐句推敲之后，对短文内容的理解更为深刻，最初选择时有些难解或误解的问题这时就很容易判断，从而也就能得到更好的解决．这一步费时不多却很有必要．
【注意事项】
1．重视首尾句
完形填空所选的短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空格，它很可能是文章开篇的重要交代，为预测短文体裁及全文大意提供重要信息．尾句往往是段落的灵魂．首尾句往往是文章的主题句，在主题句中，一般可能出现文章的背景知识，故事性文章的时间、地点、人物、事件等，抓住并理解主题句对统观全文有很大的帮助．
2．先易后难
首先做那些只要根据上下文就能确定答案的直接的、明显的题目，即考查固定词组、常见句型或明显的语法结构等的题目．对于生疏的人名、地名以及次要的修饰词可暂时搁置一旁，这些东西往往纷杂、累赘，甚至令人厌烦，可尽量绕开它们．假如某个空格太难而一时拿不准选哪一个，可先把它放在一边进行"冷却"，把容易做的全部做好，这样就增强了信心，同时也降低了试题的难度，原来的难题也就不攻自破了．
3．巧断生词
如果句子中有个别生词，要通过上下文或构词法知识来推断它的词义．"熟词新义"的情况有时也会碰到，要注意灵活处理．有时，生词对解题根本没什么影响，所以碰到生词大可不必紧张．
4．以长补短，灵活作答
有的同学英语背景知识丰富，有的语感好，有的语法知识比较扎实，有的逻辑推理能力较强．总之要充分发挥自己的特长，以长补短，灵活作答，综合判断．
5．充满信心，集中精力
答题时头脑中切忌出现自己"解不出""做不完""看不懂"等坏信号．集中精力可使答题一气呵成，既有利于答题效率的提高，又能保证答题的准确性．
【解题方法】
1、利用语境及逻辑关系解题
完形填空的文章结构严谨，层次分明，句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间、上文与下文之间的逻辑关系很强．有些选项，不仅要符合语法的要求，更要符合语境及逻辑关系．如：
（2018盐城）I have had a long career as a nurse． I have met many patients．    28   _， I have never met another girl like Katy．
28． A． Instead            B． Besides           C．Therefore         D． However
Instead代替；而不是，替代关系；Besides除此之外，递进关系；Therefore因此，因果关系However然而，转折关系．根据上文 "I have many patients．"以及下文 "I have never met another girl like Katy" 根据前后的逻辑关系，此处为转折关系，表示虽然见过很多病人，但是从没见过像Katy这样的女孩．这样就选出答案D项．
2、利用固定搭配解题
完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面．习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，不能随意改动．所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法．对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势．要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量、掌握词语搭配知识并具有词语辨析的能力，特别：是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力．如：
（2018扬州）For a couple of days afterward， Max   25     a new title for me．
25． A． worked out      B． turned out              C． carried out             D． tried out
work out意为 "得出"；turn out意为"结果是"；carry out意为 "执行"；try out意为 "尝试"，符合句意 "后来的几天，马克斯试图用新头衔称呼我．"所以此题只要对这些短语加以辨析就能找到答案B．
3、利用上下文或复现信息解题
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现、释义复现、代词复现等．因此，利用上下文寻找复现信息能帮助考生尽快确定答案．
（2017南通） Just as he had thrown down his wood， he heard his mother's weak voice from her bedroom． "I am   29   ， and longing for some tea．"
29． A． thirsty              B． hungry            C． sleepy             D． busy
四个备选选项都能作表语，语法上没有错误，但如果读到后一句的longing for some tea，就能通过这种释义复现的方式看出妈妈要喝水，口渴的，这样就能选出答案A．
4、利用背景及常识解题
完形填空试题正朝着语言交际化、情景生活化、词汇运用灵活化的方向发展，语言运用与情景交际融为一体．因此解题时，考生的英语语言知识和其他方面的知识都发挥着重要的作用．
考生可充分对自己已掌握的文化背景、社会经验及生活常识巧妙地加以运用，这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去．如：
（2018泰州） Last autumn， my 80﹣year﹣old grandmother was having problems with her heart． My family sent her to the    16    ．
After a careful examination， a famous doctor told my grandmother， "You have such a    17_____  heart condition that you should have an operation．"
16． A． park          B． hotel        C． restaurant        D． hospital
17． A． wonderful B． serious            C． difficult          D． proper
这两个小题都可以利用生活常识来解题．一般来说，人们身体出现问题，都送去医院，hospital符合题意；而奶奶需要一台手术，证明心脏病情是严重的，serious符合题意．因此，只要对备选选项的词义有基本的了解，答案就很容易选出．
总之，考生要在"读﹣填﹣读"的过程中遵循以下方针：抓住首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意；理解词义，瞻前顾后，先易后难，逐个突破；重读全文，个个审核，验证答案，战胜自我．