还剩52页未读，
继续阅读
2022年中考英语动词复习课件
展开
这是一份2022年中考英语动词复习课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了将来时的常见表示方法，一般过去时，一般过去时的特殊用法，过去完成时，like，was，talking，were，had，sit等内容，欢迎下载使用。
be 动词助动词情态动词系动词实义动词
be动词的几种形式am is arewas werebeingBeen
与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用I am a dctr.He is ten.They are tired.The cat is under the table.Her dream is t be a nurse.
be动词的用法
There be 句型用于不可数名词和可数名词单数之前There is a pen n the desk.There is sme water in the glass.用于复数名词之前There are sme sheep in the hill.用于一般将来时There is ging t be a film in ur schl next Sunday.用于一般过去时There was a bk n the desk yesterday.注意：请根据时态和句中的名词选择适当形式。
Be 动词在时态中的运用在现在进行时中 We are talking.在过去进行时中 We were talking at this time yesterday.
助动词的几种形式d /dn’t Des/ desn’tDid/ didn’twill /wn’thave haven’t /has hasn’t/had hadn’t
对句子进行否定和疑问D yu get up early every day?I didn’t have lunch yesterday.Will yu be back sn?He hasn’t finished the wrk yet.在反意疑问句中He wrks in a schl,desn’t he?She has never been there,has she?在倒装句中They helped the farmers , s did we.I wn’t visit the famus singer,neither will he.
情 态 动 词 的 定 义
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 We can be there n time tmrrw. May I have yur name? Shall we begin nw? 我们现在就开始吗？ Yu must bey the schl rules. 情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列： can (culd), may (might), must, need,shall (shuld), will (wuld) .
共同特点情态动词后面跟动词原型无论否定、疑问、倒装句、或反意疑问句都用情态动词只有时态变化，没有人称变化否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“nt”。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。 He culd be here sn. 他很快就来。 We can't carry the heavy bx. 我们搬不动那箱子。 I'm srry I can't help yu. 对不起，我帮不上你
情 态 动 词 的 位 置
在句中放在谓语动词之前，谓语动词前若有助动词，则在助动词之前，疑问句中， 情态动词放在主语之前。 He must have been away. 他一定走了。 What can I d fr yu? 你要什么？
情 态 动 词 的 用 法
1. can (culd) 表示说话人能, 可以, 同意, 准许, 以及客观条件许可, culd 为 can 的过去式。在否定句和疑问句中表“可能”。 Can yu pass me the bks? 你能给我递一下书吗 ? Culd yu help me, please? 请问, 你能帮助我吗? What can yu d? 你能干点什么呢? Can the news be sure? It can’t be ur teacher.can 和culd 只能用于现在式和过去式两种时态，将来时态用be able t 来表示。 He culd help us at all. 他完全可以帮助我们。 With the teacher’s help, I shall be able t speak English crrectly.
2. may (might) “可以”，表示说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。 Yu may take the bk hme. 你可以把书带回家去。 May I cme in? 我可以进来吗? May I use yur dictinary? 我可以用你的词典吗? Yu may put n mre clthes. 你可以多穿点衣服。 He said he might lend us sme mney. may 否定式为 may nt, 缩写形式是 mayn’t。might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法，一种表示过去式，一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、 客气或对可能性的怀疑。 He tld me he might be here n time. 他说他能按时间来。 Might I brrw sme mney nw? 我可以借点钱吗? He might be alive. 他可能还活着。
对引出的疑问句，回答方式有：1.Yes ,f , certainly.3. Sure , yu mustn’ ,yu can’t.
3. must “必须；应该；一定；准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。must 用来指一般现在时和一般将来时， 过去式可用 have t 的过去式代替。对must引导的疑问句，肯定用must，否定用needn’t或dn’t have t来回答。 I must finish my wrk tday. Yu mustn't wrk all the time. Must I return the bk tmrrw? After such a lng walk, yu must be tired. 。 He must be the man I am lking fr.
值得注意的是：（1）must + have + 过去分词，表示现在对过去事物的推测。 He must have tld my parents abut it. He must have received my letter nw. （2）must 和 have t 的区别: must 表示说话人的主观思想, have t “不得不,必须”，表示客观需要、客观条件只能如此。 Yu must d it nw. 你必需现在就干。(说话人认为必须现在干) I have t g nw. 我得走了。(客观条件必须现在走) Yu must be here n time next time. 你下次一定要按时来。I have t ck fr my child. 我得给孩子做饭。
4. need “需要”，多用在否定式或疑问句中. 肯定句用must，否定句用needn’t来回答。 Need I attend the meeting tmrrw? Yu need nt hand in the paper this week. need 是一个情态动词，他的用法完全和其他情态动词一样，但 need 还可当作实义动词使用，这时 need 就象其他动词一样，有第三人称，单复数， 后面加带 t 的动词等特性。 I need a bike t g t schl. 我上学需要一辆自行车。 She needs a necklace. 她需要一条项链。 注意：“needn‘t + have + 过去分词” 表示过去做了没必要做的事情。 Yu needn't have taken it seriusly. 这件事情你不必太认真。
5. will (wuld) 表决心、愿望。 wuld 为 will 的过去式, 可用于各人称。 I'll d my best t catch up with them. 我要尽全力赶上他们。 I'll never d it again, that's the last time. 我再不会做那件事情了,这是最后一次。 He said he wuld help me. 他说他会帮助我。 will, wuld用于疑问句表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用 wuld 比 will 更婉转,客气。 It's ht. Will yu pen the windws? Wuld yu like sme cffee？
对will/wuld yu…?的回答方式有：Yes ,I will./ N , I wn’t.Sure ./(I’m srry , I can’t.All right.Certainly . / N, thank yu.Yes , please.
6. shall, shuld 表示命令, 警告, 允诺, 征求, 劝告, 建议, 惊奇。 Yu shuld hand in the exercise bk. This shuld be n prblem. 这应该没问题。 Shall we g nw? 我们现在可以走了吗? Why shuld I meet him？ 为什么我要见他?
系动词
我们所学过的系动词是Get，turn，be cme，be动词感观动词lk，sund，smell，taste，feel系动词只和形容词连用，构成系表结构I feel hungry.The day gets lnger and lnger.He lked happy.
实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语动词。做谓语动词的用法 动词会有四种形式：单三，现在分词，过去式，过去分词
注意：掌握四种形式的变化规律He wrks in the ffice.We are dancing tgether.I caught a cld last week.She has watered the flwer.
做非谓语动词的用法（指出现在谓语动词之后的动词，它受前面谓语动词的限制） 动词会有三种形式：原型(d)动名词(ding)不定式(t d)
用原型：let sb.dmake sb.dhelp sb.(t)dhad better d
用动名词作宾语：like ding, enjy ding,finish ding, mind (ne’s) ding,miss, be wrth, practice, have fun,have truble/prblem (in) ding,spend (in) ding介词之后用动名词 be gd at dingwhat abut dingthank yu fr ding
用不定式作宾语：want t ddecide t dplan t dwuld like t dlearn t dtell sb.( nt)t dask sb.(nt) t d（begin,chse,cntinue,expect,fail,hpe,wish,mean,ffer,pretend,refuse,attempt,affrd,agree,start,knw.
注意下列词不同形式的不同用法: remember ding/t d frget ding/t d stp ding/t d g n ding/t d
不同时间发生的动作，动词要用不同形式歌诀: 动词时态是难关,时间一定要看先;主语确定谓语数,动词变化不算难;短文会话观全局,单句无时判一般.
时态
一般现在时一般将来时一般过去时现在进行时现在完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时
一般现在时态:1.表示经常习惯性的动作,或表示现在的状态.常与时间状语every day 或 every 引导的时间状语，ften，always，usually, smetimes, nce a week,等时间状语连用。She ften ges t schl by bike.2，表示现在的能力，特征，职业等。He dances well.3.表示客观事实和普通真理。Summer fllws spring.4特殊用法：在时间，条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来时。I’ll tell him the news when he cmes.在I hpe后的宾语从句中可用一般现在时表将来时，也可直接用将来时。I hpe that yu (will) like it.谓语的构成：1。系动词用am ,is ,are 2。当主语不是第三人称单数时,谓语动词3。用动词原形.
动词碰到第三人称单数主语时，要加 “s”wrk -> wrks辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry -> carries以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加“es”，如wash -> washesg -> gesd -> deshave -> has
例句He ges t schl n ft every day.We ften have supper at hme.She desn’t d her wrk every Sunday.
现在进行时
1，表示说话时正在进行的动作，不断重复的动作。Lk ,he is teaching his sn.2，现阶段正在进行的动作,但说话时不一定正在进行. They are studying hard this term.We are picking apples n a farm these days.3,特殊用法：a)现在进行时有时表示称赞，惊异，厌恶等感情色彩。常always与连用。 She is always helping thers. b)g ,cme, start, leave, arrive, fly, mve等动词用现在进行时表示将来，主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。I’m leaving tmrrw.They’are getting married next mnth. c)在由引导的状语从句中，动词通常用进行时。While yu are sitting n the grass, I’ll read yu a nvel.注意：下列动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子。see, hear, like, lve, wuld like, want ,belng, knw, think , frget等。
谓语动词用am ,is ,are +V-ing，即由be动词＋动词ing构成常与nw, Lk! Listen! 连用动词变化加ingclean -> cleaning以不发音“e”结尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ingmake -> making重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加ingswim -> swimming例句The bys are playing nw.Lk! They are planting trees.Listen! He is singing.
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与等表示将来的时间状语连用。时间状语： next 引导的词组tmrrw 引导的词组the day after tmrrwin +一段时间，in a few days.2.动词变化：will /be ging t+ 动词原型例句I will visit yu tmrrw.He wn’t cme back next week.
1，用表示打算和预测。常指已经决定的，很可能发生的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。They’re ging t sell their huse. Lk at thse black cluds. There is ging t be a strm.2,用进行时表将来时be ding，表即将发生或安排好要做的事。We are having a party next week.注，be ging t 后接动词cme和g时，通常直接改用其进行时。Where is he ging ?3,用一般现在时表示。表按规定或时间表预计要发生的动作。 The train leaves at 7:25 this evening.We have a hliday tmrrw.4, 用be t+动词原形表按计划或安排即将要发生的动作。He is t buy a new car.5，用be abut t .表即将要发生的事。不与具体的时间状语连用。 Lk ! The race is abut t start. The train is abut t leave sn.The wrk is abut t be finished .
Will(shall)/be ging t 的区别
若强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，要用be ging t；若表没有经过考虑，而是在说话时临时想到的要用will.Cme t the party. OK, I’ll bring my girlfriend. Why are yu taking it ut? I’m ging t wash it.若表有迹象表明要发生某事，只用be ging t,不用will。
1,表示过去某时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与yesterday引导的词组，the day befre yesterday，ag 引导的词组， sme years ag ，last 引导的词组last night, in 2005,in the past , the ther day, at that time, just nw等时间状语连用。He was ill fr a week.2表过去经常反复发生的动作或习惯性的动作。When I was in the cuntryside, I ften swam in the river . I wrked in a bank last yesterday.3, since的从句，主句用现在完成时， since引导的从句用一般过去时。 Yu haven’t changed much since we last met.构成：系动词用was ,were ：谓语动词用过去式.
动词变化：动词变成过去式，动词加“ed”Play -> played辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry -> carried重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加edstp -> stpped不规则动词见书后动词表
1，在宾语从句中，由于时态呼应关系，用一般过去时。I didn’t knw yu were s busy.(were实际上指现在）2，表示客气委婉的现在。I wndered if yu were free this evening.I thught yu might want sme flwers.3，用于某些特殊结构中表现在。I think it’s time yu went t bed .我想你该睡觉了。I wish he were mre careful.要是他能更仔细些就好了。
指从过去的某一个时间来看，将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用在宾语从句中。I didn’t knw lf she wuld cme.在一定语境中也可用于其他从句或句子中。It was six ’clck. The sun wuld sn set.太阳即将下山。动词由wuld/shuld+动词原型构成。(shuld 只用于第一人称)例句 He wuld g t the park the next day. He said he wuld wrk hard next term.
2，was/were ging t+动词原形She was ging t cme with us.3，某些动词的过去进行时可表过去将来时。The ludspeaker said the train was starting.
动词由be动词+动词ing形式构成2.指在过去的某一个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。时间状语 this time yesterday，at that time, then, all night, at five ’clck yesterday afternn等。例句He was watching TV at this time yesterday.3.表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后，另一个过去动作正在进行。When I was watering the garden ,it began t rain.4.表示两个过去的动作同时进行，这时用while连接。He was reading while his wife listening t the radi.注意有些动词 rain,snw,cugh,wrk本身不表示动作完成，这时一般过去时和过去进行时都可以，且含义区别不大。It rained /was raining all day yesterday.
动词由had+过去分词构成。she had brrwed a bk befre she went t the park.We had learned many new wrds by the end f last term.
指对过去的某一个时间来讲，已经发生的动作。过去的过去是一个相对时间，即它相对于一个过去时间或动作而言，有时通过一定的时间副词by the end f last week，by last yeat, when, befret等引导的从句，有时通过上下文体现。2.表某一动作在过去的某一时间已经开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间，常与fr或since短语连用。 The film had been n fr ten minutes when we gt there.
过去完成时的特殊用法 有时可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词是want, think, hpe, plan ,expect等。 I had wanted t g ,but I fell ill. I had wanted t buy a cmputer, but I had nt enugh mney.
过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
1，当几个过去的动作用and, then, but等连接，且按照动作发生的先后顺序表达时，几个动作均用一般过去时。I bught a radi but lst it.He std up, tk this cat and went ut.2，由after, befre, as sn as 等连词引导的时间状语从句，由于这些连词已经清楚地表明了主从句谓语动词的先后顺序，所以对于先发生的动作也可用一般过去时表示。I tld them the news after yu (had) left. As sn as I (had) put the phne dwn it rang again.
动词由have（has）+ 过去分词 构成，动词变化 动词变成过去分词加edPlay -> played辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry -> carried重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加edstp -> stpped不规则动词见书后动词表
现在完成时的用法
1，表示动作已经完成，说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是影响和结果。（影响性用法）常用时间状语already(肯），yet（否或疑）已经、还,ever, never, just, recently ,s far等He has left .I have already had a rest.2，表示动作或状态在过去已经开始未完成，也许还要持续下去，也可能到此结束。（在这个用法当中，动词要用延续性动词，与fr引导的一段时间和since引导的短语连用）（未完成法或叫持续性用法）He has been away fr tw days. I have already taught in this schl since 1990.The bird has been dead fr a mnth.We have made lts f friends since we came here.
1. My brther and I ______(like) singing .2. What day ____ (be ) it yesterday ?3. The scientists are ______(talk).4. Jim’ parents ____(be) at wrk last Saturday .5. We _______(have) great fun yesterday
1. Dn’t ______(sit) here .2. He _______(be) brn in the She can _______(speak ) English and French.4. Mr Smith _______(read)English every mrning ,but this mrning he ____________(nt read).
desn’t read
10.Wh is _________(cme ) _______(invite ) sme friends ,and they _______(ck) a big meal friend Mark ______(visit ) me .We ________(talk ) and ________(listen) t music _______(study) n Saturday ,but he ___________(nt wrk ) n Sunday .He ________(walk )t the supermarket and _________(shp) all day .
didn’t wrk
14.I_______(stay)hme and _______(watch) TV _______(have) a gd weekend ?Yes ,I ______,I_______(have ) a great weekend .I just relaxed .16.I ________(nt d ) my hmewrk last night . I must ______(finish) it nw .
17.Hw many lessns _____ yu ____(have) every day .We _____(have) six a day ,but yesterday .We __________(nt have ) lessns .We _____(g) t the cinema _____(be ) very friendly t peple .I ______(like )him .
didn’t have
19.When I was a child ,I ______(Like) the pp music wants ______(give) me a jazz ______(sing) very well .Nw he ________(sing ) in the classrm
is singing
1.Put n mre clthes. Yu be feeling cld with nly a shirt n. A. can B. culd C. must D. wuld2. — Must I drive t his huse and pick up the children? — N, ________. A. yu shuldn't B. yu might nt C. yu needn't D. yu mustn't3.Yu t attend the meeting, but yu didn't. A. shuld cme B. wuld have cme C. came D. shuld have cme4.We didn't see Tm at the meeting yesterday. He it. A. mustn't have attended B. cannt have attended C. needn't have attended D. wuld have nt attended5.Tm went n ft, but he by bus. A. might g B. may g C. culd have gne D. ught have gne
6.We play chess than bridge. Sme f us dn't knw hw t play bridge. A. had better B. wuld better C. wuld rather D. had rather7.There is smene kncking at the dr. it be Tm? A. Can B. Must C. Shuld D. Ought8.There was a lt f time. He . A. mustn't have hurried B. needn't have hurried C. culd have hurried D. ught t have hurried9."We didn't study Chemistry last night, but we ." A. had studied B. culd C. shuld D. culd have10.One ught fr what ne hasn't dne. A. nt t be punished B. t nt be punished C. t nt punished D. nt be punished
11."May I pick a flwer in the garden?" " ." A. N, yu needn't B. Nt, please C. N, yu mustn't D. N, yu wn't12."Culd I call yu by yur first name?" "Yes, yu ." A. will B. culd C. may D. might13.Tw years ag, my husband bught me a bicycle. If yu live in twn, it is ften faster than a car and yu wrry abut parking. A. must nt B. may nt C. shuld nt D. dn't have t14.I didn't see her in the meeting-rm this mrning. She at the meeting. A. mustn't have spken B. shuldn't have spken C. needn't have spken D. culdn't have spken15.I wnder hw he that t the teacher. A. dare t say B. dare saying C. nt dare say D. dared say
16.Yu take yur umbrella. I am sure it wn't rain. A. shuldn't B. can't C. dn't have t D. mustn't17.The dg hibernate in winter. A. dn't need B. desn't need t C. needs nt t D. needs nt18.Lk what yu have dne. Yu have been careful. A. shuld B. can C. must D. may19.Tm did nt g t the party yesterday, r I him. A. wuld see B. culd meet C. might have seen D. might see20. — Let's g t the cinema, shall we? — ? A. N, I can't B. Yes, I will C. Yes, thank yu D. N, we'd better nt
21.If yu had been mre careful, yu have made s many mistakes. A. wn't B. wuldn't C. may nt D. mustn't22.Whenever Mther was nt here, the children make a lt f nise. A. will B. wuld C. were t D. were ging t23.Why is it s dark. There be a heavy rain cming. A. shall B. may C. shuld D. will24.Tm is late. What t him? A. shuld have happened B. must have happened C. can have happened D. wuld have happened25.Tm, yu play with the knife, yu hurt yurself. A. wn't, culd B. mustn't, may C. shuldn't, must D. can't, shuld
26. “Can yu imagine hw abut it?” “N, I can't.” A. culd they knw pssibly B. culd they pssibly knw C. they culd pssibly knw D. pssibly they culd knw27.Tm full marks, but he was t careless a spelling mistake. A. culd gain, t make B. culd have gained, t make C. culd have gained, and made D. culd have gained, as t make29. — the man there be ur new teacher? — He be, but I'm nt sure. A. May, mustn't B. Can, may C. Must, can't D. Can, can't30. — Smene is kncking at the dr. Wh it be? — It be Tm. He is still in the schl. A. can, can't B. can, mustn't C. might, culd D. might, may
5. dare “敢”，多用在否定或疑问句中。 The little girl dare nt speak in public. 小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。 Dare yu catch the little cat? 你敢抓小猫吗? dare 除用作情态动词外，更多的是当实义动词使用， 用法同实义动词一样，要考虑人称，单复数，时态等。 D yu dare t walk in the dark? 你敢黑夜走路吗？ He desn't dare t tell the teacher what happened that day. 他不敢告诉老师那天发生的事。
be 动词助动词情态动词系动词实义动词
be动词的几种形式am is arewas werebeingBeen
与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用I am a dctr.He is ten.They are tired.The cat is under the table.Her dream is t be a nurse.
be动词的用法
There be 句型用于不可数名词和可数名词单数之前There is a pen n the desk.There is sme water in the glass.用于复数名词之前There are sme sheep in the hill.用于一般将来时There is ging t be a film in ur schl next Sunday.用于一般过去时There was a bk n the desk yesterday.注意：请根据时态和句中的名词选择适当形式。
Be 动词在时态中的运用在现在进行时中 We are talking.在过去进行时中 We were talking at this time yesterday.
助动词的几种形式d /dn’t Des/ desn’tDid/ didn’twill /wn’thave haven’t /has hasn’t/had hadn’t
对句子进行否定和疑问D yu get up early every day?I didn’t have lunch yesterday.Will yu be back sn?He hasn’t finished the wrk yet.在反意疑问句中He wrks in a schl,desn’t he?She has never been there,has she?在倒装句中They helped the farmers , s did we.I wn’t visit the famus singer,neither will he.
情 态 动 词 的 定 义
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 We can be there n time tmrrw. May I have yur name? Shall we begin nw? 我们现在就开始吗？ Yu must bey the schl rules. 情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列： can (culd), may (might), must, need,shall (shuld), will (wuld) .
共同特点情态动词后面跟动词原型无论否定、疑问、倒装句、或反意疑问句都用情态动词只有时态变化，没有人称变化否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“nt”。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。 He culd be here sn. 他很快就来。 We can't carry the heavy bx. 我们搬不动那箱子。 I'm srry I can't help yu. 对不起，我帮不上你
情 态 动 词 的 位 置
在句中放在谓语动词之前，谓语动词前若有助动词，则在助动词之前，疑问句中， 情态动词放在主语之前。 He must have been away. 他一定走了。 What can I d fr yu? 你要什么？
情 态 动 词 的 用 法
1. can (culd) 表示说话人能, 可以, 同意, 准许, 以及客观条件许可, culd 为 can 的过去式。在否定句和疑问句中表“可能”。 Can yu pass me the bks? 你能给我递一下书吗 ? Culd yu help me, please? 请问, 你能帮助我吗? What can yu d? 你能干点什么呢? Can the news be sure? It can’t be ur teacher.can 和culd 只能用于现在式和过去式两种时态，将来时态用be able t 来表示。 He culd help us at all. 他完全可以帮助我们。 With the teacher’s help, I shall be able t speak English crrectly.
2. may (might) “可以”，表示说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。 Yu may take the bk hme. 你可以把书带回家去。 May I cme in? 我可以进来吗? May I use yur dictinary? 我可以用你的词典吗? Yu may put n mre clthes. 你可以多穿点衣服。 He said he might lend us sme mney. may 否定式为 may nt, 缩写形式是 mayn’t。might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法，一种表示过去式，一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、 客气或对可能性的怀疑。 He tld me he might be here n time. 他说他能按时间来。 Might I brrw sme mney nw? 我可以借点钱吗? He might be alive. 他可能还活着。
对引出的疑问句，回答方式有：1.Yes ,f , certainly.3. Sure , yu mustn’ ,yu can’t.
3. must “必须；应该；一定；准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。must 用来指一般现在时和一般将来时， 过去式可用 have t 的过去式代替。对must引导的疑问句，肯定用must，否定用needn’t或dn’t have t来回答。 I must finish my wrk tday. Yu mustn't wrk all the time. Must I return the bk tmrrw? After such a lng walk, yu must be tired. 。 He must be the man I am lking fr.
值得注意的是：（1）must + have + 过去分词，表示现在对过去事物的推测。 He must have tld my parents abut it. He must have received my letter nw. （2）must 和 have t 的区别: must 表示说话人的主观思想, have t “不得不,必须”，表示客观需要、客观条件只能如此。 Yu must d it nw. 你必需现在就干。(说话人认为必须现在干) I have t g nw. 我得走了。(客观条件必须现在走) Yu must be here n time next time. 你下次一定要按时来。I have t ck fr my child. 我得给孩子做饭。
4. need “需要”，多用在否定式或疑问句中. 肯定句用must，否定句用needn’t来回答。 Need I attend the meeting tmrrw? Yu need nt hand in the paper this week. need 是一个情态动词，他的用法完全和其他情态动词一样，但 need 还可当作实义动词使用，这时 need 就象其他动词一样，有第三人称，单复数， 后面加带 t 的动词等特性。 I need a bike t g t schl. 我上学需要一辆自行车。 She needs a necklace. 她需要一条项链。 注意：“needn‘t + have + 过去分词” 表示过去做了没必要做的事情。 Yu needn't have taken it seriusly. 这件事情你不必太认真。
5. will (wuld) 表决心、愿望。 wuld 为 will 的过去式, 可用于各人称。 I'll d my best t catch up with them. 我要尽全力赶上他们。 I'll never d it again, that's the last time. 我再不会做那件事情了,这是最后一次。 He said he wuld help me. 他说他会帮助我。 will, wuld用于疑问句表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用 wuld 比 will 更婉转,客气。 It's ht. Will yu pen the windws? Wuld yu like sme cffee？
对will/wuld yu…?的回答方式有：Yes ,I will./ N , I wn’t.Sure ./(I’m srry , I can’t.All right.Certainly . / N, thank yu.Yes , please.
6. shall, shuld 表示命令, 警告, 允诺, 征求, 劝告, 建议, 惊奇。 Yu shuld hand in the exercise bk. This shuld be n prblem. 这应该没问题。 Shall we g nw? 我们现在可以走了吗? Why shuld I meet him？ 为什么我要见他?
系动词
我们所学过的系动词是Get，turn，be cme，be动词感观动词lk，sund，smell，taste，feel系动词只和形容词连用，构成系表结构I feel hungry.The day gets lnger and lnger.He lked happy.
实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语动词。做谓语动词的用法 动词会有四种形式：单三，现在分词，过去式，过去分词
注意：掌握四种形式的变化规律He wrks in the ffice.We are dancing tgether.I caught a cld last week.She has watered the flwer.
做非谓语动词的用法（指出现在谓语动词之后的动词，它受前面谓语动词的限制） 动词会有三种形式：原型(d)动名词(ding)不定式(t d)
用原型：let sb.dmake sb.dhelp sb.(t)dhad better d
用动名词作宾语：like ding, enjy ding,finish ding, mind (ne’s) ding,miss, be wrth, practice, have fun,have truble/prblem (in) ding,spend (in) ding介词之后用动名词 be gd at dingwhat abut dingthank yu fr ding
用不定式作宾语：want t ddecide t dplan t dwuld like t dlearn t dtell sb.( nt)t dask sb.(nt) t d（begin,chse,cntinue,expect,fail,hpe,wish,mean,ffer,pretend,refuse,attempt,affrd,agree,start,knw.
注意下列词不同形式的不同用法: remember ding/t d frget ding/t d stp ding/t d g n ding/t d
不同时间发生的动作，动词要用不同形式歌诀: 动词时态是难关,时间一定要看先;主语确定谓语数,动词变化不算难;短文会话观全局,单句无时判一般.
时态
一般现在时一般将来时一般过去时现在进行时现在完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时
一般现在时态:1.表示经常习惯性的动作,或表示现在的状态.常与时间状语every day 或 every 引导的时间状语，ften，always，usually, smetimes, nce a week,等时间状语连用。She ften ges t schl by bike.2，表示现在的能力，特征，职业等。He dances well.3.表示客观事实和普通真理。Summer fllws spring.4特殊用法：在时间，条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来时。I’ll tell him the news when he cmes.在I hpe后的宾语从句中可用一般现在时表将来时，也可直接用将来时。I hpe that yu (will) like it.谓语的构成：1。系动词用am ,is ,are 2。当主语不是第三人称单数时,谓语动词3。用动词原形.
动词碰到第三人称单数主语时，要加 “s”wrk -> wrks辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry -> carries以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加“es”，如wash -> washesg -> gesd -> deshave -> has
例句He ges t schl n ft every day.We ften have supper at hme.She desn’t d her wrk every Sunday.
现在进行时
1，表示说话时正在进行的动作，不断重复的动作。Lk ,he is teaching his sn.2，现阶段正在进行的动作,但说话时不一定正在进行. They are studying hard this term.We are picking apples n a farm these days.3,特殊用法：a)现在进行时有时表示称赞，惊异，厌恶等感情色彩。常always与连用。 She is always helping thers. b)g ,cme, start, leave, arrive, fly, mve等动词用现在进行时表示将来，主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。I’m leaving tmrrw.They’are getting married next mnth. c)在由引导的状语从句中，动词通常用进行时。While yu are sitting n the grass, I’ll read yu a nvel.注意：下列动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子。see, hear, like, lve, wuld like, want ,belng, knw, think , frget等。
谓语动词用am ,is ,are +V-ing，即由be动词＋动词ing构成常与nw, Lk! Listen! 连用动词变化加ingclean -> cleaning以不发音“e”结尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ingmake -> making重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加ingswim -> swimming例句The bys are playing nw.Lk! They are planting trees.Listen! He is singing.
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与等表示将来的时间状语连用。时间状语： next 引导的词组tmrrw 引导的词组the day after tmrrwin +一段时间，in a few days.2.动词变化：will /be ging t+ 动词原型例句I will visit yu tmrrw.He wn’t cme back next week.
1，用表示打算和预测。常指已经决定的，很可能发生的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。They’re ging t sell their huse. Lk at thse black cluds. There is ging t be a strm.2,用进行时表将来时be ding，表即将发生或安排好要做的事。We are having a party next week.注，be ging t 后接动词cme和g时，通常直接改用其进行时。Where is he ging ?3,用一般现在时表示。表按规定或时间表预计要发生的动作。 The train leaves at 7:25 this evening.We have a hliday tmrrw.4, 用be t+动词原形表按计划或安排即将要发生的动作。He is t buy a new car.5，用be abut t .表即将要发生的事。不与具体的时间状语连用。 Lk ! The race is abut t start. The train is abut t leave sn.The wrk is abut t be finished .
Will(shall)/be ging t 的区别
若强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，要用be ging t；若表没有经过考虑，而是在说话时临时想到的要用will.Cme t the party. OK, I’ll bring my girlfriend. Why are yu taking it ut? I’m ging t wash it.若表有迹象表明要发生某事，只用be ging t,不用will。
1,表示过去某时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与yesterday引导的词组，the day befre yesterday，ag 引导的词组， sme years ag ，last 引导的词组last night, in 2005,in the past , the ther day, at that time, just nw等时间状语连用。He was ill fr a week.2表过去经常反复发生的动作或习惯性的动作。When I was in the cuntryside, I ften swam in the river . I wrked in a bank last yesterday.3, since的从句，主句用现在完成时， since引导的从句用一般过去时。 Yu haven’t changed much since we last met.构成：系动词用was ,were ：谓语动词用过去式.
动词变化：动词变成过去式，动词加“ed”Play -> played辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry -> carried重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加edstp -> stpped不规则动词见书后动词表
1，在宾语从句中，由于时态呼应关系，用一般过去时。I didn’t knw yu were s busy.(were实际上指现在）2，表示客气委婉的现在。I wndered if yu were free this evening.I thught yu might want sme flwers.3，用于某些特殊结构中表现在。I think it’s time yu went t bed .我想你该睡觉了。I wish he were mre careful.要是他能更仔细些就好了。
指从过去的某一个时间来看，将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用在宾语从句中。I didn’t knw lf she wuld cme.在一定语境中也可用于其他从句或句子中。It was six ’clck. The sun wuld sn set.太阳即将下山。动词由wuld/shuld+动词原型构成。(shuld 只用于第一人称)例句 He wuld g t the park the next day. He said he wuld wrk hard next term.
2，was/were ging t+动词原形She was ging t cme with us.3，某些动词的过去进行时可表过去将来时。The ludspeaker said the train was starting.
动词由be动词+动词ing形式构成2.指在过去的某一个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。时间状语 this time yesterday，at that time, then, all night, at five ’clck yesterday afternn等。例句He was watching TV at this time yesterday.3.表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后，另一个过去动作正在进行。When I was watering the garden ,it began t rain.4.表示两个过去的动作同时进行，这时用while连接。He was reading while his wife listening t the radi.注意有些动词 rain,snw,cugh,wrk本身不表示动作完成，这时一般过去时和过去进行时都可以，且含义区别不大。It rained /was raining all day yesterday.
动词由had+过去分词构成。she had brrwed a bk befre she went t the park.We had learned many new wrds by the end f last term.
指对过去的某一个时间来讲，已经发生的动作。过去的过去是一个相对时间，即它相对于一个过去时间或动作而言，有时通过一定的时间副词by the end f last week，by last yeat, when, befret等引导的从句，有时通过上下文体现。2.表某一动作在过去的某一时间已经开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间，常与fr或since短语连用。 The film had been n fr ten minutes when we gt there.
过去完成时的特殊用法 有时可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词是want, think, hpe, plan ,expect等。 I had wanted t g ,but I fell ill. I had wanted t buy a cmputer, but I had nt enugh mney.
过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
1，当几个过去的动作用and, then, but等连接，且按照动作发生的先后顺序表达时，几个动作均用一般过去时。I bught a radi but lst it.He std up, tk this cat and went ut.2，由after, befre, as sn as 等连词引导的时间状语从句，由于这些连词已经清楚地表明了主从句谓语动词的先后顺序，所以对于先发生的动作也可用一般过去时表示。I tld them the news after yu (had) left. As sn as I (had) put the phne dwn it rang again.
动词由have（has）+ 过去分词 构成，动词变化 动词变成过去分词加edPlay -> played辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry -> carried重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加edstp -> stpped不规则动词见书后动词表
现在完成时的用法
1，表示动作已经完成，说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是影响和结果。（影响性用法）常用时间状语already(肯），yet（否或疑）已经、还,ever, never, just, recently ,s far等He has left .I have already had a rest.2，表示动作或状态在过去已经开始未完成，也许还要持续下去，也可能到此结束。（在这个用法当中，动词要用延续性动词，与fr引导的一段时间和since引导的短语连用）（未完成法或叫持续性用法）He has been away fr tw days. I have already taught in this schl since 1990.The bird has been dead fr a mnth.We have made lts f friends since we came here.
1. My brther and I ______(like) singing .2. What day ____ (be ) it yesterday ?3. The scientists are ______(talk).4. Jim’ parents ____(be) at wrk last Saturday .5. We _______(have) great fun yesterday
1. Dn’t ______(sit) here .2. He _______(be) brn in the She can _______(speak ) English and French.4. Mr Smith _______(read)English every mrning ,but this mrning he ____________(nt read).
desn’t read
10.Wh is _________(cme ) _______(invite ) sme friends ,and they _______(ck) a big meal friend Mark ______(visit ) me .We ________(talk ) and ________(listen) t music _______(study) n Saturday ,but he ___________(nt wrk ) n Sunday .He ________(walk )t the supermarket and _________(shp) all day .
didn’t wrk
14.I_______(stay)hme and _______(watch) TV _______(have) a gd weekend ?Yes ,I ______,I_______(have ) a great weekend .I just relaxed .16.I ________(nt d ) my hmewrk last night . I must ______(finish) it nw .
17.Hw many lessns _____ yu ____(have) every day .We _____(have) six a day ,but yesterday .We __________(nt have ) lessns .We _____(g) t the cinema _____(be ) very friendly t peple .I ______(like )him .
didn’t have
19.When I was a child ,I ______(Like) the pp music wants ______(give) me a jazz ______(sing) very well .Nw he ________(sing ) in the classrm
is singing
1.Put n mre clthes. Yu be feeling cld with nly a shirt n. A. can B. culd C. must D. wuld2. — Must I drive t his huse and pick up the children? — N, ________. A. yu shuldn't B. yu might nt C. yu needn't D. yu mustn't3.Yu t attend the meeting, but yu didn't. A. shuld cme B. wuld have cme C. came D. shuld have cme4.We didn't see Tm at the meeting yesterday. He it. A. mustn't have attended B. cannt have attended C. needn't have attended D. wuld have nt attended5.Tm went n ft, but he by bus. A. might g B. may g C. culd have gne D. ught have gne
6.We play chess than bridge. Sme f us dn't knw hw t play bridge. A. had better B. wuld better C. wuld rather D. had rather7.There is smene kncking at the dr. it be Tm? A. Can B. Must C. Shuld D. Ought8.There was a lt f time. He . A. mustn't have hurried B. needn't have hurried C. culd have hurried D. ught t have hurried9."We didn't study Chemistry last night, but we ." A. had studied B. culd C. shuld D. culd have10.One ught fr what ne hasn't dne. A. nt t be punished B. t nt be punished C. t nt punished D. nt be punished
11."May I pick a flwer in the garden?" " ." A. N, yu needn't B. Nt, please C. N, yu mustn't D. N, yu wn't12."Culd I call yu by yur first name?" "Yes, yu ." A. will B. culd C. may D. might13.Tw years ag, my husband bught me a bicycle. If yu live in twn, it is ften faster than a car and yu wrry abut parking. A. must nt B. may nt C. shuld nt D. dn't have t14.I didn't see her in the meeting-rm this mrning. She at the meeting. A. mustn't have spken B. shuldn't have spken C. needn't have spken D. culdn't have spken15.I wnder hw he that t the teacher. A. dare t say B. dare saying C. nt dare say D. dared say
16.Yu take yur umbrella. I am sure it wn't rain. A. shuldn't B. can't C. dn't have t D. mustn't17.The dg hibernate in winter. A. dn't need B. desn't need t C. needs nt t D. needs nt18.Lk what yu have dne. Yu have been careful. A. shuld B. can C. must D. may19.Tm did nt g t the party yesterday, r I him. A. wuld see B. culd meet C. might have seen D. might see20. — Let's g t the cinema, shall we? — ? A. N, I can't B. Yes, I will C. Yes, thank yu D. N, we'd better nt
21.If yu had been mre careful, yu have made s many mistakes. A. wn't B. wuldn't C. may nt D. mustn't22.Whenever Mther was nt here, the children make a lt f nise. A. will B. wuld C. were t D. were ging t23.Why is it s dark. There be a heavy rain cming. A. shall B. may C. shuld D. will24.Tm is late. What t him? A. shuld have happened B. must have happened C. can have happened D. wuld have happened25.Tm, yu play with the knife, yu hurt yurself. A. wn't, culd B. mustn't, may C. shuldn't, must D. can't, shuld
26. “Can yu imagine hw abut it?” “N, I can't.” A. culd they knw pssibly B. culd they pssibly knw C. they culd pssibly knw D. pssibly they culd knw27.Tm full marks, but he was t careless a spelling mistake. A. culd gain, t make B. culd have gained, t make C. culd have gained, and made D. culd have gained, as t make29. — the man there be ur new teacher? — He be, but I'm nt sure. A. May, mustn't B. Can, may C. Must, can't D. Can, can't30. — Smene is kncking at the dr. Wh it be? — It be Tm. He is still in the schl. A. can, can't B. can, mustn't C. might, culd D. might, may
5. dare “敢”，多用在否定或疑问句中。 The little girl dare nt speak in public. 小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。 Dare yu catch the little cat? 你敢抓小猫吗? dare 除用作情态动词外，更多的是当实义动词使用， 用法同实义动词一样，要考虑人称，单复数，时态等。 D yu dare t walk in the dark? 你敢黑夜走路吗？ He desn't dare t tell the teacher what happened that day. 他不敢告诉老师那天发生的事。
相关课件
中考英语专项复习第10讲短语动词及动词辨析课件： 这是一份中考英语专项复习第10讲短语动词及动词辨析课件，共58页。PPT课件主要包含了 短语动词的构成，文本信息，常见短语如下，点击此处输入文本信息，四 实战演练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考复习英语人教版 动词的时态 课件： 这是一份中考复习英语人教版 动词的时态 课件，共10页。PPT课件主要包含了 一般现在时等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考英语复习情态动词课件： 这是一份中考英语复习情态动词课件，共27页。PPT课件主要包含了什么是情态动词，can，may，must，could，had better，should，表示推测类，两个特殊记忆点等内容，欢迎下载使用。
