2022年高考英语一轮复习Unit2Heroes单元主题语篇训练一含解析北师大版必修1

这是一份2022年高考英语一轮复习Unit2Heroes单元主题语篇训练一含解析北师大版必修1，共6页。
Unit 2  单元主题语篇训练AThe experience of life can show one's “determination”. Complex challenges early in life helped the following people develop skills that got them to the top of their professions.Sean Combs, CEO, Sean JohnCombs began a generation of hip­hop talent and made a lasting influence on fashion.But his story could have turned out much differently: His drug dealer father was killed when he was 3. “It made me work even harder，” he recently said.Howard Schultz, Executive Chairman, StarbucksSchultz grew up in public housing in Brooklyn, surrounded by poverty, and was the first in his family to go to college (on a football scholarship)．After training in sales, he set up the company that would later buy Starbucks.“In the course of the year I spent trying to raise money, I spoke to 242 people, and 217 of them said no，” he said.Ursula Burns, Chairwoman, VEON; Former CEO, XeroxHer family was so poor that her single mother traded office cleaning for health care.But Burns' early gift for maths won her a scholarship and an internship at Xerox, where she would compete her way to the top.“I'm a black lady from the Lower East Side，” she says, “Not a lot scares me.”Geisha Williams, CEO, PG & EHer parents fled Cuba when Williams was 5.By 7, she was her parents' main translator in talks with lawyers and accountants at grocery stores they owned.The experience did help her.“I went from thinking I could be a manager to thinking I could do something much bigger，” she told Fortune.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四位事业有成的名人。他们早期生活艰难，却能化苦难为决心。最终，取得了巨大的成就。1．How did the death of Combs' father influence him?A．It made him even stronger.B．He became a drug dealer.C．It made him a failure.D．He became a hip­hopper.解析：选A　细节理解题。 根据Sean Combs, CEO, Sean John部分中的“It made me work even harder”可知，他父亲的死亡使他变得更坚强，故选A。2．Who did best in math at school?A．Sean Combs.　　　　　　 B．Geisha Williams.C．Ursula Burns.  D．Howard Schultz.解析：选C　细节理解题。 根据Ursula Burns, Chairwoman, VEON; Former CEO, Xerox部分中的“But Burns' early gift for maths won her a scholarship and an internship”可知，Burns有杰出的数学天赋，在学校数学学得最好，故选C。3．What can we learn from the passage?A．Cuba is a good place to do business.B．Difficulty in life pushed Williams forward.C．No one wanted to help Schultz at first.D．Poor family kids can be successful easily.解析：选B　推理判断题。 根据Geisha Williams, CEO, PG & E部分的内容可推知，尽管Williams儿时的生活很艰难，但正是生活的艰难促进了Williams的向前发展，故选B。BGeorge Nakashima always insisted that he was a simple woodworker, not an artist.Even though major museums exhibited his works and the director of the American Craft Museum called him a national treasure, Mr Nakashima rejected the label of artist.For almost fifty years he simply went on shaping wood into beautiful chairs, tables, and cabinets.Nakashima had a clear goal.He intended each piece of furniture he made to be as perfect as possible.Even making a box was an act of creation, because it produced an object that had never existed before.Initially Nakashima used local wood, sometimes from his own property.Later, he traveled to seek out English oak, Persian walnut, African zebra wood and Indian teak.He especially liked to find giant roots that had been dug out of the ground after a tree was taken down.Nakashima felt that making this wood into furniture was a way of allowing the tree to live again.Most furniture makers prefer perfect boards, but Nakashima took pleasure in using wood with interesting knots (节疤) and cracks.These irregularities gave the wood personality and showed that the tree had lived a happy life.He never failed to create an object that was both useful and beautiful.One early piece Nakashima designed was a three­legged chair for his small daughter Mira, to use when she sat at the table for meals.The Mira chair became so popular that Nakashima later made both low and high versions.Another famous piece, the Conoid chair, has two legs supported by bladelike feet.Always, Nakashima's designs were precise and graceful, marked by a simplicity that revealed his love for the wood.As the years passed, Nakashima's reputation grew and his work received many awards.His children Mira and Kevin, now adults, joined the team of crafts­people in their father's studio.Nakashima's dream of integrating work and family had come true.语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了木工兼艺术家George Nakashima以及他设计的作品。  4．Which of the following best describes Nakashima?A．Generous and outgoing.B．Honest and simple.C．Capable and friendly.D．Creative and modest.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段“Mr Nakashima rejected the label of artist”可知，他很谦虚。根据第二段“Even making a box was an act of creation, because it produced an object that had never existed before.”可知，他很有创造性。故选D。5．Why was Nakashima called a national treasure?A．His art work made trees live again.B．He used precious wood materials.C．His chairs were beautifully designed.D．He was devoted to making furniture.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Nakashima felt that making this wood into furniture was a way of allowing the tree to live again.”可知，Nakashima被称为国宝是因为他的艺术作品使树木重获生机。故选A。6．What can we learn about Nakashima from the last two paragraphs?A．He loved his work and family.B．He made chairs of the same style.C．He sought for a simple life and art.D．He was lost in researching the wood.解析：选A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One early piece Nakashima designed was a three­legged chair for his small daughter”以及最后一段中的“Nakashima's dream of integrating work and family had come true”可推知，他爱他的工作和家人。故选A。7．What can be inferred about Mira and Kevin?A．They had an art studio of their own.B．They still lacked the ability to create art works.C．They had a common interest with their father.D．They enjoyed the same reputation with their father.解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“His children Mira and Kevin, now adults, joined the team of crafts­people in their father's studio.”可知，米拉和凯文和父亲有共同的兴趣。故选C。  CChinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize in medicine for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against malaria (疟疾)．This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within China.Tu shared the prize with Irish­born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan, who were honored for their revolutionary anti­roundworm treatment.84­year­old Tu is awarded this prize for her contribution to cutting the death rate of malaria, reducing patients' suffering and promoting mankind's health.Although she received several medical awards in the past, the Nobel Prize is definitely the most privilege reward that recognizes Tu's dedication and perseverance in discovering artemisinin (青蒿素), the key drug that battles malaria­friendly parasites (寄生虫)．However, her route to the honor has been anything but traditional.She won the Nobel Prize for medicine, but she doesn't have a medical degree or a PhD.In China, she is even being called the “three­noes” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she's never worked overseas.No wonder her success has stirred China's national pride and helped promote confidence of native Chinese scientists.The fact that Tu has none of these three backgrounds reminds us that science should be more accessible to all.One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research.There have been discussions on people who really love science but are never able to achieve much during their whole life.Their contributions can never be ignored.They work so hard to prove the wrong way so that the future researchers will be closer to the right one.As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize winner of natural science award, Tu's record­breaking winning also serves as a reminder to those who are too eager for instant success.Science is never about instant success.Tu spent decades on scientific research before its value is officially acknowledged.There is no way to measure how much one devotes to science and compare it with how much reward he or she may get.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了中国女科学家屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔医学奖，作为一名“三无”无医学学位、无博士学位、无海外经历获奖者，她带给我们很多值得思考的东西。8．We can know from the text that ________.A．Tu worked at home and abroad to conduct her researchB．Tu got the Nobel Prize for her anti­roundworm treatmentC．the Nobel Prize is the first award to recognize her workD．her discovery of artemisinin has helped to cut malaria death rate解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，屠呦呦发现的青蒿素降低了疟疾的死亡率，故选D。9．The author seems to agree that a person who is more likely to become a scientist is the one with ________.A．a sense of national prideB．relevant academic knowledgeC．a desire to achieve successD．enthusiasm for scientific research解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，一个人无论什么背景、来自何处，只要专心于科学研究，就有可能成为一名科学家，故选D。10．In writing the passage, the author intends to ________.A．inform readers of the news and make commentsB．discourage the pursuit of instant success in scienceC．remind readers of the principles of scientific researchD．praise the award winner and encourage scientific research解析：选A　写作意图题。作者首先告知大家屠呦呦获奖的消息，然后对这件事带给我们的反思进行了评论，故选A。tips 两步攻克事实细节题事实细节题，这类试题通常是以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引导的特殊疑问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题的两个步骤：①首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义；②然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确推测答案来源。同时也要注意题目和文章中的暗示性细节。例如A篇阅读第2题，问的是“who”“did best in math”，选项中涉及Combs, Williams, Burns, Schultz四个人。定位文中Ursula Burns, Chairwoman, VEON; Former CEO, Xerox部分的表述，可知是Burns有杰出的数学天赋。