牛津译林版选择必修性必修第三册UNIT4 Protecing our heritage sites教学知识细解码学案

这是一份牛津译林版选择必修性必修第三册UNIT4 Protecing our heritage sites教学知识细解码学案，共7页。
UNIT 4 Protecing our heritage sites1．urge vt.催促；督促；力劝→urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的→urgency n．紧急；急迫2．incredible adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的→incredibly adv.极端地；令人难以置信地3．preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持→preservation n．维护，保护；保持；保养4．assess vt.评估，评定；估算→assessment n．评估；估算collapse v．倒塌；昏倒；(尤指工作劳累后)坐下，躺下放松；突然失败；崩溃；瓦解①The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 倒塌②He collapsed in the street and died two hours later. 昏倒③When I get home I like to collapse on the sofa and listen to music. 坐下④Talks between management and unions have collapsed. 失败；崩溃Words and Phrases　 preserve vt.保护；保存；维护；贮藏n.保护区(教材P44)If so，you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.如果是这样，你们也许已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正在竭力保护对人类具有文化和自然重要性的遗址。[例]　The calm courage of the pilot preserved the lives of the passengers.飞行员临危不惧的勇气保住了乘客们的生命。[知识拓展](1)preserve one's reputation 维护某人的名声preserve sb./sth.from sth.   保护，保全，免受(2)preservation n.   维护；保护；保持；保养[即学即练]——单句语法填空①They were determined to preserve their leader from attacks.②In summer，large quantities of fruit may be preserved(preserve) by freezing or bottling.③No hunting is allowed in the preserve.　 urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的(教材P44)Unfortunately，they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection.不幸的是，它们面临各种危险，其中许多急需保护。[例]　I suggest that you attend to the most urgent matters and let the rest wait.我建议你先去处理最紧急的事情，别的事可以等一等。[知识拓展](1)in urgent need of　　 急需an urgent look   急切的神情(2)urge vt.   催促；极力主张；驱策urge sb.(not) to do sth.  催促，怂恿某人(不)做某事urge sb.into doing...   敦促某人做……urge sb.against   强烈反对某人……urge sb./sth.on   鼓励，激励，为……加油urge＋that­clause   强烈要求，极力主张…… (从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should＋do，其中should可以省略)It is urged that...   坚决要求……(从句谓语形 式为should＋动词原形)(3)urgency n.   紧急；迫切[即学即练]——单句语法填空①The boys urged him to take(take) part in the competition.②Urged on by fans，she sang another song.③I urge that you (should) read(read) the report carefully.　 conflict n．军事冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致vi.冲突，抵触(教材P45)In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out，fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战斗人员甚至故意破坏遗址。[例]　The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts.那次暴动是政治与种族冲突的结果。[知识拓展](1)in conflict with　　　 与……冲突/矛盾come into conflict with sb. 与某人发生冲突(2)conflict with   与……冲突[即学即练]——单句语法填空①She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.②True economic theories will never come into conflict with the highest moral and ethical standards.③Avoid including other elements that conflict with the main subject.　 assess vt.评估；评定；估算(教材P47)For years，a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda.多年来，一个专家小组讨论和评估了修复宝塔的不同方法。[例]　It is difficult to assess the effects of a new law.评估一项新法律的效果是很难的。[知识拓展]assess sth./sb.as sth.　 评价某事/某人为……assess a tax on/upon sb.   向某人征税assess sth./at...   核定、估算(某物的数量、价值)assess＋wh­clause   评定……[即学即练]——单句语法填空①They assessed the value of the house at over $ 25，000.②The Chinese government will not assess a tax on/upon the peasants.　 consultation n．咨询；商讨；就诊(教材P47)After close consultation with the specialists，the local government couldn't agree on how to make the repairs safely.经过与专家们的密切协商，当地政府未能就如何安全地进行修理达成一致意见。[例]　It's too soon to write off the whole consultation process as a failure.现在就认定整个磋商过程不成功而想要放弃还为时过早。[知识拓展](1)consult vt.　　 咨询；请教；商量；查阅；查找consult sb.about sth.   向某人咨询某事； 向某人请教有关……的事consult (with) sb.(about/on sth.)   (就某事)与某人商量consult a dictionary for the meaning of a word   查字典找某词的词义(2)consultant n.   顾问[即学即练]——单句语法填空①An increasing number of clients are consulting them about Social Security changes.②The minister today had consultations(consult) with the president.Sentence Patterns　 not only...but also...(教材P45)Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites themselves，but also for people.这样的危险不仅会给遗产本身带来灾难性的后果，也会给人们带来灾难性的后果。句式分析：本句中的not only...but also...结构表示“不但……，而且……”，连接并列的宾语。[例1]　She not only plays well，but also writes music.她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。[例2]　We go there not only in winter，but also in summer.我们不仅冬天去那儿，而且夏天也去。[知识拓展](1)当not only...but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致。(2)为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Not only the students but also their teacher is(be) enjoying the film.②Not only do they need clothing，but they are also short of water.　 the more...，the more...(教材P45)The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites，the more likely we are to treat them with respect.我们越是承认遗产地的突出普遍价值，就越有可能尊重它们。句式分析：本句中的the more...，the more...表示“越……，越……”。[例1]　The higher the ground is，the thinner air becomes.离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。[例2]　The harder he worked，the more he got.他工作越努力，得到的就越多。[知识拓展](1)该句型前一部分相当于从句，后面部分相当于主句；若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。(2)The more，the better.多多益善。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①The longer the war lasts，the more the people there will suffer(suffer)．②The more meaningful social activities you participate in，the more(many)social skills you will accumulate.Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global warming，a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected，which harms its fragile natural ecology.[分析]　本句是一个复合句，due to引导原因状语；which引导定语从句，修饰前面整个句子的内容。[译文]　由于全球变暖导致海水温度升高，大量珊瑚被杀死，部分珊瑚礁受到严重影响，损害了其脆弱的自然生态。教材高考1.If so，you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.(2020·北京卷)One must know how an object was made in order to preserve it.2.In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out，fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Conflicts between generations.3.For years，a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda.(2020·浙江卷)Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1，000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers' memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Not only he but also we are(be) going to the cinema this evening.2．The more she thought about it，the more depressed she became.3．There is a strong possibility that such cooperation(cooperate) will prove unworkable.4．A sentence can be divided up into meaningful segments.5．Take notes during the consultation(consult) as the final written report is very concise.6．What did you do in the annually assessment(assess)of the company?7．This show conflicted with another show that aired at the same time.8．Naturally，the tobacco industry is violently(violent) opposed.9．He lives a very simple life for a man who has become incredibly(incredible) rich.10．Western governments have this week urged him to negotiate(negotiate) and avoid force.Ⅱ.短语填空break out；wear down；for the benefit of；be fascinated by；be faced with；in urgent need of1．For the benefit of economic development，we have to get started right now.2．She was faced with a new job，in unfamiliar surroundings with strange people.3．The strategy was designed to wear down the enemy's resistance.4．Dark clouds were gathering in the skies over Europe.War was soon to break out．5．The refugees are in urgent need of food and clothes.6．This child was fascinated by the plots in the novel.Ⅲ.课文语法填空Heritage sites face a 1.variety(various) of dangers and they are in 2.urgent(urge) need of protection.Heritage sites are 3.at risk from natural forces，such as wind，water and temperature，4.which can wear down heritage sites.Another big danger is human 5.activities(activity)．Wars do a great deal of damage to heritage sites.The flood of tourists can cause a bit of wear and tear to heritage sites.Widespread 6.development(develop) put heritage sites in danger.Some of them are even at risk of 7.being lost(lose) forever.These dangers can lead to 8.disastrous(disaster) outcomes not only for the sites themselves，but also for people.9.For the benefit of mankind，we should take action to protect them，not just for 10.ourselves(our)，but for future generations.