UNIT4 Protecing our heritage sites课后练12（含解析）

课时分层作业(十二)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Authorities in India warn that the world­famous Taj Mahal desperately needs repairs.Some say that this architectural landmark could eventually collapse unless efforts are made to protect and preserve it.

The Taj Mahal，completed in 1648，was built in Agra，India，on the edge of the Yamuna River.The wooden foundation that holds up the building stays strong because of the moist environment around the river.If the river were to dry out，the wooden foundation could crack and fall apart.Over the past decade，the Yamuna has been shrinking, especially during the summer months.This is partly because of overuse of the river water by residents and businesses.

Some officials have said the building may collapse in as little as five years.Other experts disagree and question whether the building really faces any danger.Certain politicians and historians (历史学家)，however，are pushing the government to begin preservation efforts，or work to repair and take care of the monument.This is not the first time the Taj Mahal has been threatened.In 1996，officials thought air pollution was turning the building yellow.The Indian government ordered nearby factories to stop burning coal or leave the area.

Shah Jahan，a former emperor (皇帝) of India，began building the Taj Mahal in 1631.He had it built in honor of his deceased (已故的) wife，Mumtaz Mahal，who was buried inside the Taj Mahal with Jahan.Many architects say the building is a masterpiece of symmetry.Symmetry is a visual technique where the right side of an object looks the same as the left side of the object.

The Taj Mahal has been named one of the Seven Wonders of the World，a list of amazing human­made landmarks.The United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)lists the Taj Mahal as a World Heritage Site and helps preserve the famous structure.Because of the building's importance in Indian culture，Minister of Parliament Ramshankar Katheria has taken the case to both the Prime Minister and President of India.Katheria has said，“I am demanding a high­level inquiry (调查) to analyze the severe threat posed to the wooden structures in the foundation of the Taj.”

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度泰姬陵目前的状况。

1．According to the first paragraph，it is suggested that         ．

A．people like the Taj Mahal worldwide

B．some repair work has ever been done with the Taj Mahal

C．the Taj Mahal is in danger

D．the Taj Mahal will be rebuilt

C　[细节理解题。从第一段中的“Some say that this architectural landmark could eventually collapse unless efforts are made to protect and preserve it.”可知，如果不采取措施去保护泰姬陵的话，这个地标性建筑会倒塌，处境危险，C项理解正确。]

2．In Paragraph 2，the underlined word “shrinking” could be replaced by         ．

A．reducing B．flowing

C．cooling  D．flooding

A　[词义猜测题。从下一句中的提示性信息“overuse of the river water”可推知，因为河水过度使用，导致亚穆纳河流面积缩减，A项符合语境。]

3．Unlike some officials，other experts         ．

A．are good at repairing the Taj Mahal

B．believe the Taj Mahal is in good shape

C．do some research on the Taj Mahal

D．suggest the Taj Mahal be protected

B　[细节理解题。从第三段中的前两句“Some officials have said the building may collapse in as little as five years.Other experts disagree and question whether the building really faces any danger.”可知，一些专家认为泰姬陵完好，并没有什么坍塌危险，B项理解正确。]

4．Which of the following is TRUE of the Taj Mahal according to the text?

A．It was built over the Yamuna River.

B．It almost fell down due to the air pollution there.

C．It was built in memory of Mumtaz Mahal.

D．It is well managed by the UNESCO.

C　[细节理解题。从倒数第二段中的“He had it built in honor of his deceased (已故的) wife，Mumtaz Mahal，who was buried inside the Taj Mahal with Jahan.”可知，泰姬陵是印度皇帝为了纪念亡妻才建造的，C项理解正确；其他三项均是对原文相关细节的错误理解。]

B

The proliferation (激增) of fires in the Amazon rainforest drew international attention in August 2019，especially when French President Emmanuel Macron called for urgent action.Since then，the eyes of the world have shifted elsewhere as House Democrats launched an impeachment (弹劾) inquiry against President Donald Trump.

 Meanwhile，the Amazon continued to burn.The number of fires decreased by 35% in September 2019，but experts say this is merely a slowdown in a crisis with global repercussions (反响)．There were still 19，925 fire outbreaks in September 2019 on the Brazilian part of the rainforest，which accounts for nearly 65% of the Amazon basin.Moreover，through the first nine months of 2019，the number of fires soared by 41% compared to the same period in 2018，Brazil's National Institute for Space Research reported.

 Higher rainfall totals than usual since the beginning of September 2019 and measures taken under mounting pressure by Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro — who deployed the military to the Amazon and imposed a two­month ban on clearing land through fires — contributed to the burning decline.

“The factors that led to such widespread fires in the first place —decreased enforcement of forest law，illegal deforestation for agriculture and invasion of native territories — remain in place，” said Nigel Sizer，Chief Program Officer for the advocacy organization Rainforest Alliance.“It is good news that there are fewer fires in the Amazon right now，but this is a short­term pause from the larger problem.”

That problem centers on deforestation through systematically chopping down trees，which are either logged or burned，mostly to convert the land for raising cattle and growing crops.The practice has expanded from a small scale to an industrial production，leading to about 20% of the Brazilian Amazon having been cleared since 1970.

【语篇解读】　当法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动时，2019年8月份亚马逊雨林火灾的激增引发了国际的关注；9月份，火灾数量虽有所减少，但是亚马逊雨林大火仍在燃烧，巴西总统博索纳罗下令出动军队前往亚马逊雨林开展灭火工作；对森林法的执行降低、为了进行农业活动而非法毁林和对本土的入侵仍然是导致大火的因素，但造成大火的主要原因是滥伐森林。

5．Who raised international attention to the proliferation of fires in the Amazon rainforest?

A．Emmanuel Macron. B．Donald Trump.

C．Nigel Sizer.　　　 D．Jair Bolsonaro.

A　[细节理解题。 根据第一段第一句可知，亚马逊雨林大火的激增引起了国际关注，特别是当法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动时，即马克龙把国际的注意力引向了大火，故选A项。]

6．What's the second paragraph mainly about?

A．There are more fires in Amazon now than ever before.

B．There were more fires in Amazon in August 2019 than in September 2019.

C．The proliferation of fires covers most of the wide area in Amazon.

D．The fires in the Amazon rainforest is still burning with international attention.

D　[段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，2019年9月亚马逊雨林的火灾数量下降了35%，但专家称这仅仅是在全球的间接影响下处于危机之中的一种减缓而已，亚马逊雨林仍在燃烧，故选D项。]

7．What's the main cause of the widespread fires in the Amazon rainforest?

A．Decreased enforcement of forest law.

B．Invasion of native territories.

C．Serious deforestation for agriculture.

D．The short­term pause of the proliferation of fires.

C　[细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，对森林法执行的减弱、为了进行农业活动而非法毁林以及对本土的入侵等导致了森林火灾；又结合第五段首句可知，该问题以系统地砍伐树木而造成的滥伐森林为中心，故C项正确。]

8．From which is the text probably taken?

A．A biology textbook.　　　

B．A gardening magazine.

C．A newspaper.　　　　　　

D．A travel brochure.

C　[文章出处题。根据第一段和第三段的内容可知，法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动，美国总统特朗普遭弹劾，巴西总统博索纳罗部署军队，又根据文中列举的数据可推知，本文可能摘自报纸。故C项正确。]

Ⅱ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Yumi stood at the door of the cabin (小屋)．She watched black clouds roll across the sky.“This has been an awful vacation，”she said to Mei.“We've been in this cabin all week because of this rain.Then I wanted to go into town with Mom and Dad today，but you got sick.”

“I couldn't help it，”Mei cried.

Yumi didn't listen to her.“My friend Sue is lucky.She's an only child.She never has to miss out on things because of a little sister，”she said.

With an angry click，she turned on the radio.“Word is just in，”a man said.“There is a chance of a flash flood in Green Valley.The water in Copper Lake has reached the top of the dam.The dam could give way at any time.People in Green Valley are in danger.They should move to high ground right away.”

“Should we leave？” Mei asked.

“No，Mom and Dad will be home soon.I don't want to leave until they get here，” Yumi answered.

Yumi was upset.Every past year she loved their vacations in Green Valley.But this year the rain spoiled(毁掉)everything.The sky grew darker.Heavy rain beat against the windows，and thunder shook the cabin.“Yumi，I'm scared，”Mei said.“What if the dam breaks？”

“It won't，”Yumi said.She hoped Mei believed her.Yumi didn't want Mei to know how scared she was.

The radio stopped in the middle of a song.A man came on the air talking loud and fast.“The Copper Lake Dam has broken.Everyone in Green Valley must move to high ground NOW！”

Yumi's heart raced.“Let's get out of here！” she cried.She took Mei's arm and pulled her outside.They could hear a terrible roar(咆哮)coming from the far end of the valley.Yumi and Mei dashed up the muddy road behind their cabin.The thundering roar grew louder.Yumi looked back.The wall of water was coming faster.It seemed to be swallowing all of Green Valley.In another minute it would hit them.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

Yumi saw a large tree just ahead.                                                                       

In a short time the flood water began to go down.

【参考范文】

Yumi saw a large tree just ahead.An idea flashed across her mind.She and Mei were both good at climbing trees.And the large tree was strong enough to stay up in the flood.“Mei，climb it up.I will follow.” Yumi ordered.Without difficulty，they were soon on top of the tree，where they found the ground already covered with rushing waters.And far below the valley their cabins had been swallowed by the currents.

In a short time the flood water began to go down.It was then that Yumi felt cold and hungry.Yumi no longer wanted to be an only child now.Instead of coming down the tree，the two sisters cheered up each other and took turns to shout loud up there for they knew clearly the loud shouts would bring their parents to their side.Incredibly，it worked.When they met，they hugged tightly and shed happy tears.Mom and Dad praised their kids' wise behavior.They lost their home，but they were alive.After all，to be alive is most important of all.