2022届福建省四地市高三上学期1月第一次质量检测英语试题含答案

2022届福建省四地市高三上学期1月第一次质量检测英语试题

本试卷共12页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15.  B. £9.18.  C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1. How will the speakers tour the city?

A. On foot.  B. By bus.  C. By car.

2. When will the man possibly leave for the hotel?

A. At7:20.  B. At7:40.  C. At8:00.

3. What does the man stress?

A. Environmental pollution

B. White pollution prediction.

C. Environmental conservation.

4. How does the man feel about his new office?

A. Terrible.  B. Bored.  C. Satisfied.

5. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?

A. Strangers.  B. Classmates.  C. Neighbors.

第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What’s the weather like today?

A. Rainy.  B. Sunny.  C. Snowy.

7. Which season might it be in the man’s country now?

A. Winter.  B. Summer.  C. Spring.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. Ina bank.  B. In a restaurant.  C. Ina hotel.

9. How does the man pay?

A. In cash.  B. By deposit card.  C. By credit card.

10. What number can the man call if he needs a hair drier?

A.0817.  B.0870.  C.8507.

听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。

11. What is the man’s younger brother like?

A. He is smart and naughty.

B. He is really fun and playful.

C. He is serious but humorous.

12. What is the man’s father?

A. A worker.  B. A lawyer.  C. A novelist.

13. What are they mainly talking about?

A. Scaring mysteries.  B. Police dramas.  C. The family members.

14. What can we learn from the conversation?

A. The speakers must be a couple.

B. The man knows his family well

C. The woman also loves horror novels.

听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。

15. Where did the woman know about the position?

A. In a newspaper.  B. On the Internet  C. From her friend.

16. What is the woman good at?

A. English teaching.

B. Computer operation.

C. Activity organization.

17. Why did the woman leave the previous school?

A. She lives far from her former school.

B. Her former headmaster disliked her.

C. She failed to finish the assignments.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What is the monologue mainly about?

A. Tips on avoiding sports injury.

B. Benefits and ways of regular exercise.

C. Recommendations for sports equipment.

19. What exercise can make you more flexible?

A. Balance exercises.  B. Strength exercises.  C. Various stretches.

20. What do we know about the goals of workouts?

A. The goals should be easy and achievable.

B. It’s helpful to reward yourself for reaching goals.

C. Ten minutes will get you nowhere towards goals.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B.C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A The capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another. Capital relocation has bee done hundreds of times throughout history. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Chinese changed their capital frequently.

Some countries choose new capitals that are more easily defended in a time of invasion (侵略) or war. Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development. Countries sometimes change their capital because they expect some type of political, social, or economic benefit. They hope and expect that the new capitals will surely develop into cultural treasure and hopefully make the country a more stable place.

Here are capital relocations that have occurred in approximately the last few centuries.

21. Why did some counties decide to move the capital?

A. To further expand their land.

B. To uncover ancient treasure.

C. To develop undeveloped areas.

D. To declare war on another country.

22.Which country was the earliest to move its capital?

A. Turkey.    B. Poland.

C The United Sate.   D. New Zealand.

23. What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?

A. They moved the capitals more than once.

B. Their capitals were destroyed in the war.

C They moved their capitals in the same year.

D. Their capitals moved because of the economy.

B

It’s no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, healthcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.

When spring semester ended that first year at college, I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work a full-time job. Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where 1 detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do “deep cleaning”, which meant cleaning everything and even 1 had to check every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.

Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not ft easily together. Some days 1 was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didn’t have time to complete school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel. but I also had grown accustomed to financially supporting myself.

Ultimately, I chose to temporarily stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. I’d finally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever.

24. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?

A. He met with a long boring semester.

B. Food accounted for his biggest expense,

C. He left himself financially embarrassed.

D. His financial aid could cover his necessities.

25. What does the underlined word “detailed” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A. Cleaned.  B. Listed.   C. Repaired.  D. Replaced.

26. Which o the following best describes the author in paragraph 3?

A. Confused.  B. Critical.  C. Decisive.  D. Diligent.

27. What is conveyed in the text?

A. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.

B. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.

C. One should be financially supported by himself.

D. The significance of schooling should be recognized.

C

After a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kong’s museum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.

M+ wouldn’t have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelm’s 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Sigg’s life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”

Chinese Lines follows Sigg’s life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.

Moving into the 21mt century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. He created the Chinese Contemporary Ant Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. AI the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.

Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.

28.Why does the author mention “MoMA” in paragraph 1?

A. To enrich our knowledge.

B. To memorize art celebrities.

C. To deepen M+ museum’s popularity.

D. To indicate M+ museum’s significance.

29. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?

A. A contemporary artist.

B. A researcher of Chinese art.

C. A collector of contemporary art.

D. An ambassador with artistic taste.

30. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?

A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.

B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.

C. Sigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art,

D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.

31. What is Uli Sigg like?

A. He is strict and ambitious.

B. He is caring and creative.

C. He is devoted and generous.

D. He is hopeful and humorous.

D

For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak(喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.

All that fits nicely with evolutionary(进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.

Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.

Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise slay for essentially forever.

32. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?

A. They are following the new trends.

B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.

C. Scientists need them to do experiments.

D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.

33. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?

A. In mild areas.  B. In hot places.  C. In the Arctic.  D. In deserted regions.

34. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?

A. It comes at a cost.

B. Its cause is definite.

C. It happens in the same habitat.

D. Its process will end soon.

35. What can be a suitable tile for the text?

A. Living on a W arming Planet

B. Measures to Remove Heat

C. Pioneering Research on Animals

D. Evolution to Survive Heat

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

According to The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, laughter has many profound physiological and psychological benefits. It can relax muscles, promote mental and psychological well-being, etc. But we have become so busy with our daily routines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day.    36    But if you still don’t know why you should laugh, here are some benefits of laughter for you.

◆Reduce stress

   37    There is science behind this. When you get stressed, your body releases hormones. Continuous releases of these hormones may cause anxiety, depression, and heart diseases. But when you laugh, the stress hormones get reduced and helps you relieve you stress.

◆Ensure a healthy relationship

My friend and I used to have issues and never talked for over a month.But suddenly, one day, she sent me a super funny meme(表情包) while on call, and we both laughed at it. Just laughing together made us come closer.    38  

Boost your confidence Have you ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence?    39    Once I had to deliver a speech at a school meeting, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried to talk with a friend and laughed for a few seconds just to show myself cool.    40   . I felt as if I could do this and experienced a fantastic sense of confidence.

A. Laughter is a powerful stress killer

B. If you ask me, I have experienced this

C. I had anger issues when I was in school

D. This simple laughter had a significant effect on me

E. It also helps us forget problems and cherish friendship

F. Laughter can help you think clearly and more effectively

G. No wonder why we adults suffer mental problems like anxiety

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990, Andy was pretty much the first person we    41   . He came across the street to    42    us, Having lived there since 1967. he was warm and kind, full of    43   . He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping and    44    the occupations of everyone around us.

Andy would proudly and regularly    45    his veteran(老兵) cap and play music while doing yard work,    46    anything, though, he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his. We watched out for each other. He would    47    our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation; we gave him some of our    48    in return. Andy and I would also complain about the big trucks that used our streets as a shortcut. As more time went by, we didn’t see him out    49    his small dog as often due to his    50    problem, and we’d help with clearing the    51    in the winter. Those ties continued with time passing by.

But the real    52    of our neighborhoods is their people—an Andy, or, in some cases, many Andys. Our neighborhoods are built on them, and    53    by their emotional ties. We are better for their    54   , and worse for their absence.

Andy died this month. I will miss him, more than he    55   .

41. A. met   B. recalled  C. thanked  D. admired

42.A. treat   B. greet   C. criticize  D. comfort

43. A. happiness  B. energy   C. knowledge  D. information

44. A. still   B. even   C. ever   D. never

45.A. wear   B. exhibit   C. wave   D. hold

46. A. Different than B. More than  C. Because of  D. Instead of

47. A. do damage to B. stare at  C. sit around  D. keep an eye on

48. A. produce   B. crafts   C. cakes   D. money

49. A. selling   B. feeding  C. walking  D. chasing

50. A. health   B. financial  C. political  D. marriage

51. A. rubbish   B. smog   C. snow   D. dirt

52. A. welfare   B. influence  C. tie   D. faith

53. A. prevented  B. separated  C. widened  D. strengthened

54. A. interruption  B. performance C. situation  D. presence

55. A. evaluates  B. knows   C. forgets   D. regrets

第二节 语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The combination of music and study has long been    56    source of disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that    57   (silent)is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that    58   (they)favourite sounds help them concentrate.

Now a study shows that the    59   (grown-up)have been right all along.Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays    60    and without music in the background They    61   (find)that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. “This demonstrates    62   (clear)that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,”said Dr.Sarah.She also came to the conclusion    63    it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All types of music had the same effect,” she said in her report. “One’s ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely    64    (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added.

Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You    64    (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television.”

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 书面表达（满分15分）

你校英文报Englishsky正在举办中国航空航天成就英文征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

1.介绍成就；

2.分享感受。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节 读后续写（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A New Addition to the Family

For the initial ten years of his life, Victor was the prince of the household. As he was an only child, his parents petted him and showered all their love and attention on him. Whatever toys his parents bought, they were always meant for him. Whatever food was in the refrigerator, there was no one to compete with him to polish it off first. Victor could leave his toys or books around the house with complete ease of mind, knowing that there was no one who would get their hands on his belongings and cause any damage.

However, all that was to change overnight when Victor’s parents brought back his new baby sister, Lina, from the hospital. With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyone focused their attention on the cute bunch of joy. Whenever she cried, her mother or father would rush to her bed. She simply cried because she wanted to be carried. There was little time left for Victor.

Now that Victor’s mother had his baby sister to take care of, she expected Victor himself to do most of the chores he can do. Victor was asked to clean his own room, iron his own school uniform and clean his own shoes. Before Lina’s arrival, he had never lifted a finger to help outwith these tasks. The whole family also went out less because it was unhealthy to expose Lina to the bacteria(细菌) being in the outside world too often.

Victor felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they loved Lina more than him. As a result, he tried to attract his parents’ attention by becoming resistant. One evening, Victor’s parents were called up by his teacher because Victor had got into a fight at school. His teacher had noticed Victor’s behaviour and work attitude changing downwards in the past two months. Before that, he had been a model student.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。