高考化学一轮优化探究练习：章末排查练（三） Word版含解析

这是一份高考化学一轮优化探究练习：章末排查练（三） Word版含解析，共5页。试卷主要包含了钠及其重要化合物，铝及其重要化合物，铁及其重要化合物，铜及其重要化合物等内容，欢迎下载使用。
章末排查练(三)授课提示：对应学生用书第75页排查50个重要反应的化学、离子方程式1．钠及其重要化合物①Na和H2O的反应________________________________________________________________________②Na和CH3COOH的反应________________________________________________________________________③Na2O2和H2O的反应________________________________________________________________________④NaH和水的反应________________________________________________________________________⑤向NaOH溶液中通入过量CO2________________________________________________________________________⑥将Na2CO3溶液与石灰乳混合________________________________________________________________________⑦向Na2CO3溶液中通入过量CO2________________________________________________________________________⑧将Na2CO3和Ca(HCO3)2混合________________________________________________________________________⑨将含等物质的量NaHCO3溶液和NaOH溶液混合________________________________________________________________________⑩将含等物质的量NaHCO3溶液与澄清石灰水混合________________________________________________________________________⑪将NaHCO3溶液与少量澄清石灰水混合________________________________________________________________________⑫向饱和Na2CO3溶液中通入过量CO2气体________________________________________________________________________答案：①2Na＋2H2O===2Na＋＋2OH－＋H2↑②2Na＋2CH3COOH===2CH3COO－＋2Na＋＋H2↑③2Na2O2＋2H2O===4Na＋＋4OH－＋O2↑④NaH＋H2O===Na＋＋OH－＋H2↑⑤OH－＋CO2===HCO⑥CO＋Ca(OH)2===CaCO3↓＋2OH－⑦CO＋CO2＋H2O===2HCO⑧CO＋Ca2＋===CaCO3↓⑨HCO＋OH－===CO＋H2O⑩HCO＋Ca2＋＋OH－===CaCO3↓＋H2O　⑪2HCO＋Ca2＋＋2OH－===CaCO3↓＋CO＋2H2O⑫2Na＋＋CO＋CO2＋H2O===2NaHCO3↓2．铝及其重要化合物⑬Al和NaOH溶液的反应________________________________________________________________________⑭Al(OH)3和NaOH溶液的反应________________________________________________________________________⑮Al(OH)3和盐酸的反应________________________________________________________________________⑯Al2O3和NaOH的反应________________________________________________________________________⑰Al2O3和盐酸的反应________________________________________________________________________⑱NaAlO2和过量盐酸的反应________________________________________________________________________⑲向NaAlO2溶液中通入过量CO2气体________________________________________________________________________⑳将NaAlO2与NaHCO3混合________________________________________________________________________将NaAlO2与AlCl3溶液混合________________________________________________________________________向AlCl3溶液中加入过量NaOH溶液________________________________________________________________________向AlCl3溶液中加入过量氨水________________________________________________________________________将AlCl3溶液与NaHCO3溶液混合________________________________________________________________________答案：⑬2Al＋2OH－＋2H2O===2AlO＋3H2↑　⑭Al(OH)3＋OH－===AlO＋2H2O　⑮Al(OH)3＋3H＋===Al3＋＋3H2O　⑯Al2O3＋2OH－===2AlO＋H2O　⑰Al2O3＋6H＋===2Al3＋＋3H2O　⑱AlO＋4H＋===Al3＋＋2H2O　⑲AlO＋CO2＋2H2O===Al(OH)3↓＋HCO　⑳AlO＋HCO＋H2O===Al(OH)3↓＋CO　3AlO＋Al3＋＋6H2O===4Al(OH)3↓　Al3＋＋4OH－===AlO＋2H2O　Al3＋＋3NH3·H2O===Al(OH)3↓＋3NH　Al3＋＋3HCO===Al(OH)3↓＋3CO2↑3．铁及其重要化合物Fe和过量稀HNO3的反应________________________________________________________________________Fe高温下和水蒸气的反应________________________________________________________________________Fe2O3和Al的反应________________________________________________________________________Fe2O3高温下和CO的反应________________________________________________________________________FeCl3溶液和Cu的反应________________________________________________________________________FeCl3与KSCN的反应________________________________________________________________________向FeCl2溶液中加入等物质的量的Na2O2________________________________________________________________________向FeCl2溶液中加入NaClO________________________________________________________________________Fe(OH)2长时间置于空气中________________________________________________________________________Fe3O4和稀盐酸的反应________________________________________________________________________Fe3O4和稀HNO3的反应________________________________________________________________________FeO和稀盐酸的反应________________________________________________________________________FeO和稀HNO3的反应________________________________________________________________________Fe(OH)2和稀盐酸的反应________________________________________________________________________Fe(OH)2和稀HNO3的反应________________________________________________________________________Fe(OH)3和HI的反应________________________________________________________________________FeBr2和少量Cl2的反应________________________________________________________________________FeBr2和Cl2等物质的量的反应________________________________________________________________________FeBr2和过量Cl2的反应________________________________________________________________________答案：Fe＋4H＋＋NO===Fe3＋＋NO↑＋2H2O　3Fe＋4H2O(g)Fe3O4＋4H2　Fe2O3＋2Al2Fe＋Al2O3　Fe2O3＋3CO2Fe＋3CO2　2Fe3＋＋Cu===2Fe2＋＋Cu2＋　Fe3＋＋3SCN－Fe(SCN)3　4Fe2＋＋4Na2O2＋6H2O===4Fe(OH)3↓＋8Na＋＋O2↑　2Fe2＋＋ClO－＋4OH－＋H2O===2Fe(OH)3↓＋Cl－　4Fe(OH)2＋O2＋2H2O===4Fe(OH)3　Fe3O4＋8H＋===2Fe3＋＋Fe2＋＋4H2O　3Fe3O4＋28H＋＋NO===9Fe3＋＋NO↑＋14H2O　FeO＋2H＋===Fe2＋＋H2O　3FeO＋10H＋＋NO===3Fe3＋＋NO↑＋5H2O　Fe(OH)2＋2H＋===Fe2＋＋2H2O　3Fe(OH)2＋10H＋＋NO===3Fe3＋＋NO↑＋8H2O　2Fe(OH)3＋6H＋＋2I－===2Fe2＋＋I2＋6H2O　2Fe2＋＋Cl2===2Fe3＋＋2Cl－　2Fe2＋＋2Br－＋2Cl2===2Fe3＋＋Br2＋4Cl－　2Fe2＋＋4Br－＋3Cl2===2Fe3＋＋2Br2＋6Cl－4．铜及其重要化合物Cu在硫蒸气中燃烧________________________________________________________________________铜在空气中生成铜绿________________________________________________________________________用惰性电极电解CuSO4溶液________________________________________________________________________Cu和浓HNO3的反应________________________________________________________________________Cu和稀HNO3的反应________________________________________________________________________Cu和浓H2SO4的反应________________________________________________________________________胆矾受热分解________________________________________________________________________答案：2Cu＋SCu2S　2Cu＋O2＋CO2＋H2O===Cu2(OH)2CO3　2Cu2＋＋2H2O2Cu＋4H＋＋O2↑　Cu＋4H＋＋2NO===Cu2＋＋2NO2↑＋2H2O　3Cu＋8H＋＋2NO===3Cu2＋＋2NO↑＋4H2O　Cu＋2H2SO4(浓)Cu2＋＋SO＋SO2↑＋2H2O