译林版英语九年级下册unit4知识复习

1. 掌握重点单词和重点词汇
2. 掌握重点句型

9B  Unit  4

一 掌握下面的短语和句型：

(Comic strip and Welcome to the unit)

1. hear of 听说
2. be famous for 因……而闻名
   be famous as 作为……而闻名
3. sb spend some time (in) doing sth 某人花费多长时间做某事。
   =It takes sb some time to do sth.
4. care for 关心
5. the first man to do sth 第一个做某事的人
6. make sth +形容词 “使某事……”

  (Reading)

1. decide to do sth 决定做某事
   =make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth
2. be / become interested in 对……感兴趣
3. ever since 自从……以来
4. at the age of 在……岁的时候
5. take flying lessons 上飞行课
   take ballet lessons　上巴蕾舞课
6. in one’s spare time = in one’s free time　在某人的业余/闲暇时间
7. work as 当；从事……工作
8. be selected to become / be =be selected as 被选中成为……
9. test pilot 试飞员
10. out of control 失去控制
    * under control 在控制之中
    * under the control of 在……的控制下
11. Better to be safe than sorry. / Better safe than sorry. 最好不要去冒险。
12. cut sth short 缩短某事
13. for the first time 第一次
14. wait to do sth 等待做某事
    can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事
15. try to do sth 试图做某事；尽力做某事
16. warn sb to do sth 告诫某人做某事
17. stay away 走开
18. It is said that … 据说……
    It is reported that … 据报道……
19. send a message to 给……发信息
    send text messages to 9321发短信到底9321
20. make sb do sth 使某人做某事
    let sb do sth 让某人做某事= have sb do sth =get sb to do sth
21. round/ around the world 全世界=throughout the world = all over the world
22. turn round and round 一圈一圈地转
23. make a lot of noise 发出很大的噪音
    make a noise 吵闹
24. a type of  一种 = a kind of
25. a small amount of 少量的(修饰不可数名词)
    * a large amount of 大量的=a great deal of
26. belong to 属于
27. at sea 在海上

(Vocabulary)

1. spill the beans 说漏嘴
2. give away 泄露
3. be involved in 涉及，被卷入
4. be close to 接近, 靠近
5. in power 当权的
6. the early bird catches the worm 捷足先登
7. many hands make light work 人多力量大
8. raining cats and dogs 倾盆大雨
9. when the cat’s away, the mice will play 山中无老虎，猴子称大王
10. too many cooks spoil the broth 人多手杂反误事
11. love me, love my dog爱屋及乌
12. don’t put all your eggs in one basket 切勿孤注一掷
13. the grass is always greener on the other side 邻家芳草绿，隔岸风景好

(Grammar)

1. refer to 提到, 参考
2. take sb to stage 把某人带上舞台
3. star in 在……中担任主角= play the lead role in
4. the theory of relativity 相对论
5. make a contribution to (doing ) sth 为……作出贡献
6. work out 算出，解决

(Integrated skills and pronunciation)

1. marry sb = be / get married to sb 与某人结婚
   get married 结婚
2. called = named = with the name of = that is called 被叫作……的
3. aged ……岁的
   The boy is aged 10. 那男孩10岁。
4. share sth with sb 和某人共享某物
5. be unknown to 不为……所知
   * be known to 为……所知
   He is unknown to us. 我们不认识他。
6. at that time 在那时
7. help sb do
8. sth 帮助某人做某事

 (Main task and Checkout)

9. turning point in one’s life 某人生活中的转折点
10. devote … to …. 将……奉献给……
11. be famous for 因……而闻名=be well-known for
12. give up 放弃
13. the poor 穷人
    the +形容词，表示一类人，谓语用复数。
14. be ready to do sth 准备好做某事，乐意做某事
    (1)Most students are ready to have breakfast.=Most students are ready for breakfast.
    (2)He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐于助人。
    =He is always willing to help others.
15. prepare for = get ready for 为……作准备
16. for fun 为了娱乐

二　语法

定语从句

1、概念：在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

The bike     that    I gave him for his birthday

先行词    引导词

was stolen yesterday.

2、引导词(关系词)：关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词：that (指人或物，作主语或宾语)，which (指物，作主语或宾语)，who (指人，作主语或宾语)，whom (指人作宾语),  whose (指人或物，作定语)

关系副词：where (指地点)， when (指时间)，why (指原因)

如：(1)  Is he the man ______wants to see you?

      A. which B. where C. whose D. who

答案：D。“他就是你想见的人吗？”（who/that指人，在从句中作主语）

(2)             He is the man _______ I saw yesterday.

      A. which B. that C. whose D. where

答案：B。“他就是我昨天见的那个人。”（whom / who / that指人，在从句中作宾语, 可省略）

(3)  They rushed over to help the man______ car had broken down.  

      A. which B. where C. whose D. who

 答案：C。“那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。”(whose指人或物，在从句中作定语)

(4)  The necklace________was bought yesterday is for you.

    A. which  B. where C. whose D. who

    答案：A。“昨天买的项链是给你的。” （which / that 指物，在从句中作主语）

(5)   Please show me the homework _______you have just done.

      A. who  B. where C. whose D. that

  答案：D. “请把刚刚完成的作业拿给我看一下。”（which / that指物，在从句中作宾语，可省略）

(6)  We will never forget the day ________the PRC was founded.

   A. which B. where C. when D. who

答案：C. “我们永远都不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的日子。”(when 指时间，在从句中作状语，也可用on which。)

(7)                  Beijing is the place ________I was born. 

      A. when B. where C. whose D. who

答案：B。“北京是我的出生地。”(where指地点，在从句中作状语，也可用in which.)

(9)   Is this the reason __________they lost the game?

     A. which B. where C. whose D. why

答案：D。“这就是他们比赛输了的原因吗? ”(why指原因，在从句中作状语，也可用for which。)

3、that 和which 的用法区别：

A、下列情况只用that:

(1) 当先行词前有一个最高级形容词所修饰时。

如：This is one of the most exciting football games ______ I have ever seen.

A. which B. who  C. when D. that     

(2) 当先行词前有一个序数词所修饰时。

如：The first thing _____ you could do was to turn off the light.

 A. which B. that  C. who  D. when

 (3) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none等不定代词时(something 后也可用which)。

如：All _____can be done have been done.

 A. that  B. who  C. which  D. when

 (4) 当先行词前面有only, all, any, no  等词修饰时。

如：The only thing ______he could do was to run away.

 A. which B. who  C. that  D. when

B、在定语下列情况中只用which ：

(1) 关系代词在介词后面时。

如：This is the house in ______ Tom once lived.

 A. who  B. which  C. that  D. when

 (2) 先行词为that时。

如：What's that ______ you are holding in your hands?

 A. that B. who  C. which  D. when

 (3) 在非限制性定语从句(从句和先行词之间用逗号分开)中。

如：Football, ______ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.

 A. which B. who  C. that D. when

4. that 和who 特殊区别：
(1) 关系代词前有介词时，只能用whom: 介词+whom。
如：She is the girl with whom I went to the cinema. 她就是和我一起去看电影的的女孩。
(2)先行词是one, ones, anyone 和those 时，须用who。
如：One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. 一个无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。
(3)在there be 开头的句子中。
如：There is an old man who wants to see you. 有位老人要见你。
(4) 一个句子带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个须用who。
如：The girl that you met last week is the monitor who studies very hard.  上同你遇到的那位女孩是位学习非常努力的班长。