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冲刺2021年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解
第一模块：细节理解题重点
Passage 1（2021·辽宁高三月考）
Sophia Scott meant to spend the summer as an intern (实习生) shadowing doctors at the UCLA Concussion Clinic, as she had the year before. With COVID-19, the senior from Marymount High School had to put her plans on hold.
“Once everything fell through, I wanted to make sure I used my time as well as I could,” she explained.
Instead of using the summer focusing on herself, the 17-year-old from Los Angeles set about trying to help others. Recognizing that distance learning has been tricky for many, Scott decided to use her God-given academic skills to do something for others.
In a matter of weeks, she set up and launched Quaranteens, a free tutoring service that gathered together other like-minded teens to help out those students needing an academic boost in various subjects. She hoped that she and her group could really help the students get improved.
Impressively, Scott didn’t sit around waiting for students in difficulty to reach out for help. She set up a website and actively offered her services to charities focused on education, appreciating that there were many pupils struggling with the distance learning experience.
“A lot of the students I’ve worked with felt their school year was essentially cut off last March, which absolutely would have a negative impact on the year ahead. So a lot of the work we did was trying to help them catch up,” the new tutor shared.
This situation has been experienced around the world by many students, so the fact that this caring teen sought to remedy (挽救) the situation single-handedly makes her actions more inspiring.
Now with lots of children back in school, Scott hasn't finished her tutoring service. Instead, the experience has encouraged her and her team, which now totals an impressive 16 tutors, to continue offering their help.
“What is most satisfying to me is knowing that something small I'm doing now, like helping a kid become better at reading, could have such a wide range of impact on their education in the future.”
1．What can we know about Sophia Scott?
A．She was not good at making plans. B．She was against distance learning.
C．She proved a professional doctor. D．She performed well academically.
2．What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Warn. B．Improvement. C．Praise. D．Comment.
3．What did Sophia Scott and her team do for students?
A．They helped them catch up with their lessons. B．They taught them how to find online materials.
C．They found personalized online sites for them. D．They focused lessons ahead of their school year.
4．What made Sophia Scott most pleased?
A．The students' deep and sincere gratitude to her. B．Her own unique experience of distance learning.
C．Her positive influence on students' future learning. D．The team for her tutoring service keeps expanding.
【分析】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Sophia Scott 成立了Quaranteens，在新冠疫情期间通过远程学习帮助学生们提高成绩的故事。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Scott decided to use her God-given academic skills to do something for others.(斯科特决定利用她天赐的学习技能为别人做点事)”中的“God-given academic skills(天赐的学习技能)”可以推断，她在学业上表现很好。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。划线词前一句提到“she set up and launched Quaranteens, a free tutoring service that gathered together other like-minded teens to help out those students(她成立并推出了Quaranteens，这是一项免费的辅导服务，将其他志同道合的青少年聚集在一起，帮助那些需要的学生)”；划线词后一句提到“help the students get improved(帮助那些学生得到提高)”。由此可知，boost与get improved意思相同。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第六段中“A lot of the students … felt their school year was essentially cut off …So a lot of the work we did was trying to help them catch up”可知，因为很多学生觉得他们的学年基本上都中断了，Sophia Scott和她的团队帮助学生赶上功课。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“What is most satisfying to me is knowing that something small I'm doing now, like helping a kid become better at reading, could have such a wide range of impact on their education in the future.(最令我满意的是，我知道我现在做的一件小事，比如帮助孩子提高阅读能力，可以对他们未来的教育产生广泛的影响)”可知，让Sophia Scott最高兴的是她的帮助会对学生未来的学习产生广泛的影响。故选C。
Passage 2（2021·重庆高三月考）
In 2015, astronaut Scott Kelly made himself a guinea pig for NASA's "twins study," designed to see what spaceflight does to the human body. It was for all the people who dream of human journeys to Mars and other destinations in space. Kelly rode a rocket into space and spent nearly a year on the International Space Station in low Earth orbit, while his identical twin brother, Mark Kelly, served as the comparison subject and stayed on Earth's surface.
The full results, published Thursday in the journal Science, showed that Scott Kelly experienced numerous physiological and chromosomal（染色体的）changes during his long stay in orbit, including changes in gene expression. His immune system went on high alert, both when he went to space and upon returning to Earth. His body acted as if it were under attack.
One of the most dramatic findings concerned epigenetics（实验胚胎学） — how genes are turned on or off to produce proteins. Gene expression changed in both Kellys during the study but in significantly different ways. The study found that more than 90 percent of Scott Kelly's gene expression changes returned to normal when he landed on the surface. His telomeres（染色体端粒）, structures which break over time as part of the natural aging process, lengthened in space. But that didn't necessarily mean being younger, the study found, because most telomeres shortened dramatically when he returned to Earth.
Months later, tests showed that slight changes in telomeres length still remained and left some influence on Scott Kelly, which means he and his brother are no longer identical twins. "He might be at some increased risk for cardiovascular disease or some types of cancer," said Susan Bailey, a biologist at Colorado State University who led one of the investigations in the study.
However, the researchers, echoing what NASA has suggested previously, said the twins study turned up no showstoppers — no shocking health consequences that would surely prevent a human mission to Mars or similar long-duration mission.
5．What does the underlined expression "a guinea pig" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．a person who is strong enough to become an astronaut.
B．a person who is a leader of space exploration.
C．a person who is picked out for a scientific experiment.
D．a person who is faced with the harsh effects of space flight.
6．What happens to an astronaut's body during a space flight?
A．The permanent changes in gene expression. B．The aging of cells.
C．The lengthened telomeres. D．The failure in immune system.
7．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Scott Kelly will appear younger because his telomeres lengthened in space.
B．A long-duration spaceflight will be banned because of the damage to health.
C．Scott Kelly's gene expression changes were normal when he returned to the surface.
D．Scott Kelly might be more likely to develop cardiovascular disease or some types of cancer.
8．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Gene expression: Physiological Change of Proteins.
B．Space Experiment: Changes in Both Kellys.
C．Mars Exploration: an Unstoppable Human Mission.
D．Shortened Telomeres: the Killer of Astronauts.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，美国宇航局的“双胞胎研究”实验发现，生活在太空的Scott Kelly和生活在地球的Mark Kelly因为所生活的地方不一样，他们不再是同卵双胞胎。
5．词句猜测题。由第一段中的“In 2015, astronaut Scott Kelly made himself a guinea pig for NASA's "twins study," designed to see what spaceflight does to the human body.”（2015年，宇航员Scott Kelly为美国宇航局的“双胞胎研究”做了一只a guinea pig，旨在观察太空飞行对人体的影响。）和“Kelly rode a rocket into space and spent nearly a year on the International Space Station in low Earth orbit, while his identical twin brother, Mark Kelly, served as the comparison subject and stayed on Earth's surface.”（Kelly乘坐火箭进入太空，在近地轨道的国际空间站上呆了近一年，而他的同卵双胞胎兄弟Mark Kelly则作为对比对象，留在地球表面。），可知Scott Kelly被美国宇航局选中去太空完成“双胞胎研究”，以此来观察太空飞行对人体的影响，而他的同卵双胞胎兄弟Mark Kelly待在地球上就行，可得出a guinea pig意为“被挑选出来做科学实验的人”。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。由第三段中的“His telomeres（染色体端粒）, structures which break over time as part of the natural aging process, lengthened in space.”（他的染色体端粒，作为自然老化过程的一部分，随着时间的推移而断裂，在太空中延长。），可知在太空中飞行的宇航员Scott Kelly，他的染色体端粒在太空中延长。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“"He might be at some increased risk for cardiovascular disease or some types of cancer," said Susan Bailey, a biologist at Colorado State University who led one of the investigations in the study.”（科罗拉多州立大学的生物学家Susan Bailey说：“他患心血管疾病或某些癌症的风险可能会增加。”。），可知Scott Kelly可能更容易患心血管疾病或某些类型的癌症。故选D项。
8．主旨大意题。第一段讲“2015年，同卵双胞胎之一的Scott Kelly被美国宇航局选中去太空完成“双胞胎研究”，以此来观察太空飞行对人体的影响，而他的同卵双胞胎兄弟Mark Kelly待在地球上就行”，第二段讲““双胞胎研究”发现Scott Kelly在长期在轨期间经历了许多生理和染色体变化，包括基因表达的变化”，第三段讲“研究发现两个Kelly的基因表达都发生了变化，但方式明显不同，Scott Kelly的染色体端粒在太空中延长”，第四段讲“染色体端粒的不同导致两个Kelly不再是同卵双胞胎，Scott Kelly可能更容易患心血管疾病或某些类型的癌症”，最后一段讲“太空旅行对健康非常不好，肯定会阻止人类前往火星或类似的长期任务”，可知文章主要介绍了太空实验“双胞胎研究”，被美国宇航局选中去太空完成实验的Scott Kelly，他的染色体端粒在太空中延长，导致他和Mark Kelly不再是同卵双胞胎，太空实验导致了两个Kelly的变化，B项“太空实验：两个Kelly的变化”符合文意。故选B项。
Passage 3（2021·广东佛山市·高三月考）
Two vaccines（疫苗）developed by a Maryland company are showing promise in the fight against malaria（疟疾）. One vaccine was 100 percent effective in preventing the deadly disease malaria.
Malaria is a disease caused by parasites（寄生虫）and carried by mosquitoes. Parasites are organisms that live on or in an organism of another species and feed off it or get protection from it. Mosquitoes spread the disease to people by biting on their skin. The World Health Organization says there are 214 million cases of malaria each year. And the deadly disease kills over 400,000 people a year worldwide. People who have malaria often have a fever, chills, and flu-like illness. Serious complications happen, including death, when the disease is left untreated.
The new vaccines work by preparing the immune system to fight the disease. Researchers do this by introducing live, but weakened, young parasites called sporozoites. They are injected into the body by infected mosquitoes. Both vaccines target Plasmodium Falciparum（恶性疟原虫），which is the most common and deadly form of the disease.
One successful trail was carried out in Germany. Different amounts of the vaccine were injected into 27 healthy people who volunteered for the study. Another group of 15 was given a placebo, which is a substance given to a patient like a drug, but t has no physical effect on the person. Eight to 10 weeks after the last vaccine amount, both groups were then exposed to the parasites that carried the malaria.
Stephen Hoffman is chief executive and scientific officer of Sanaria. He says the researchers were surprised by the results from nine of the people who received the highest vaccine amount. “We got 100% protection against malaria at ten weeks after the last amount of the vaccine. That is really beginning to look like something quite extraordinary and that's never been done before.”
9．What can we know about malaria?
A．It is a disease that can't be treated. B．It kills people when left untreated.
C．It is a deadly disaster with a high death rate. D．It is a flu-like disease caused by mosquitoes.
10．How do the new vaccines function to fight malaria?
A．By killing parasites in the mosquitoes. B．By getting rid of most of the mosquitoes.
C．By injecting parasites into mosquitoes' body. D．By restarting the immune system of people's body.
11．How does Stephen Hoffman think of the experiment effect of the vaccine?
A．Remarkable. B．Unpredictable. C．Unsatisfactory. D．Unreasonable.
12．Which section of a magazine is the text probably from?
A．Science &technology. B．Education. C．Lifestyle. D．Politics.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，马里兰州一家公司开发的两种疫苗在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望，一种疫苗在预防致命疾病疟疾方面100%有效，并对其进行了介绍。
9．细节理解题。由第二段中的“People who have malaria often have a fever, chills, and flu-like illness. Serious complications happen, including death, when the disease is left untreated.”（患疟疾的人经常发烧、发冷和患有流感样疾病。当疾病未得到治疗，严重并发症发生，包括死亡），可知疟疾严重的话，如果不治疗，它会致人死亡。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。由第三段中的“The new vaccines work by preparing the immune system to fight the disease.”（新疫苗的工作原理是让免疫系统准备好对抗这种疾病。），可知新疫苗是通过激发人体的免疫系统来抵抗疾病，即通过重新启动人体的免疫系统。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。由最后一段中的““We got 100% protection against malaria at ten weeks after the last amount of the vaccine. That is really beginning to look like something quite extraordinary and that's never been done before.””（“我们在最后一次接种疫苗后的十周内获得了100%预防疟疾。这真的开始看起来很令人惊奇，这从来没有发生过。”），可知Stephen Hoffman说获得100%预防疟疾这是很令人惊奇的，因为这种100%预防疟疾从未发生过，可得出Stephen Hoffman认为疫苗的实验效果很显著的。故选A项。
12．推理判断题。由第一段“Two vaccines（疫苗）developed by a Maryland company are showing promise in the fight against malaria（疟疾）. One vaccine was 100 percent effective in preventing the deadly disease malaria.”（马里兰州一家公司开发的两种疫苗在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望。一种疫苗在预防致命疾病疟疾方面100%有效。）和其它段落关于“疟疾疫苗”的介绍，可知文章主要向读者介绍了预防致命疾病疟疾100%有效的“疟疾疫苗”的相关信息，属于科普类文章，可得出本文会出现在杂志的“科学和技术”版块。故选A项。
Passage 3（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中高三一模）
Not that long ago, the world wondered whether clean energy could survive without government support. Now the question is how far it can spread. The number of electric vehicles, which was about 1 million in 2015, last year reached 2 million. In electricity generation, too, trend is with the greens. In the first half of this year, wind, solar and hydro generated a record 35% of Germany's power.
Greater success is breeding greater ambition. California is proposing to reach 60% renewable energy by 2030. 176 countries have clean-energy goals. Hawaii, America’s most oil-dependent state, has promised to be 100% renewable by the middle of the century and so have 48 poor countries vulnerable to climate change. This week the number of multinationals making a commitment to running their operations on 100% renewable energy rose to 100.
But not every target is helpful. To see why, consider that goal of 100% renewable energy. It makes solving climate change seem easy. In fact, though wind and solar can generate the whole county’s electricity some day, renewables still account for less than 8% of the world’s total power output. Moreover, cleaning up electricity is only part of the battle. Even though gas-fired heating and cooking can be at least as big a source of greenhouse-gas emissions, renewable heating gets little attention. Transport policy is unpredictable, too. Car manufacturers may hit their goal of annual sales of 10 million electric vehicles in a decade, but battery-powered road transport, shipping and aviation (航室) are dreams. A much-quoted claim that America could rely on wind, solar and hydro alone for its electricity has recently been bitterly criticized by a group of respected academics.
Most importantly, a 100% renewables target confuses means with ends. The priority for the planet is to stop net emissions (净排放量) of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. Putting too much emphasis on wind, solar and other renewables may block off better carbon-reduction paths. New technologies, such as “direct air capture” systems designed to separate carbon dioxide from the air, may in time prove vital. Likewise, greater energy efficiency could reduce emissions by even more than using renewables would.
13．Why is Germany mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic. B．To provide a successful example of producing clean energy.
C．To compare with the USA． D．To prove the possibility of the 100% renewables target.
14．What picture is described at the beginning of the passage?
A．A tough fight against climate change. B．A huge market of electric vehicles.
C．A promising future of clean energy. D．A fierce competition between countries.
15．Why is every target not realistic according to Paragraph 3?
A．Car makers cannot produce enough batteries.
B．New energy doesn’t receive its due attention in every aspect of society.
C．Use of traditional energies causes air pollution.
D．We are lacking in enough wind and solar energy to generate electricity.
16．Which of the following does the writer probably agree with?
A．Energy efficiency is superior to using renewables.
B．People can only use new energy in reality.
C．Mixing up means with purposes matters most.
D．The target of 100 renewables is too high to reach.
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可再生能源的可观前景以及在实际中面临的问题。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The number of electric vehicles, which was about 1 million in 2015, last year reached 2 million. In electricity generation, too, trend is with the greens. In the first half of this year, wind, solar and hydro generated a record 35% of Germany's power.(2015年电动汽车的数量约为100万辆，去年达到了200万辆。在发电方面，趋势也与绿色有关。今年上半年，风能、太阳能和水力发电创纪录地占德国电力的35%)”可知，作者提及德国的事例是为了提供一个生产清洁能源的成功范例。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段“Not that long ago, the world wondered whether clean energy could survive without government support. Now the question is how far it can spread.(就在不久前，全世界都在想，如果没有政府的支持，清洁能源是否还能生存下去。现在的问题是它能传播多远)”和第二段内容可知，作者在文章开头描写了很多关于清洁能源发展良好的例子，接着又描写了多个国家未来对清洁能源的巨大目标和美好构想，由此可知，文章开头描述的是“清洁能源的美好未来”的景象。故选C项。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段“But not every target is helpful.(但并非每个目标都有用)”和“In fact, though wind and solar can generate the whole country's electricity someday, renewables still account for less than 8% of the world's total power output. Moreover, cleaning up electricity is only part of the battle. Even though gas-fired heating and cooking can be at least as big a source of greenhouse-gas emissions, renewable heating gets little attention. Transport policy is unpredictable, too. Carmakers may hit their goal of annual sales of 10 million electric vehicles in a decade, but battery-powered road transport, shipping and aviation are dreams. A much-quoted claim that America could rely on wind, solar and hydro alone for its electricity has recently been bitterly criticized by a group of respected academics.(事实上，尽管风能和太阳能有朝一日能产生全国的电力，但可再生能源仍占世界总发电量的不到8%。此外，清理电力只是战斗的一部分。尽管燃气取暖和烹饪至少可以成为温室气体排放的一大来源，但可再生能源取暖很少受到关注。交通政策也是不可预测的。汽车制造商可能会在10年内实现电动汽车年销量1000万辆的目标，但电池驱动的公路运输、航运和航空是他们的梦想。一个被广泛引用的说法是，美国可以依靠风能、太阳能和水力发电来发电，最近遭到了一批受人尊敬的学者的严厉批评)”可知，根据第三段，并不是每一个目标都是现实的，因为新能源并没有在社会的各个方面得到应有的重视。故选B项。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Putting too much emphasis on wind, solar and other renewables may block off better carbon-reduction paths.(过分强调风能、太阳能和其他可再生能源可能会阻碍更好的碳减排途径)”及“Likewise, greater energy efficiency could reduce emissions by even more than using renewables would.(同样，更高的能源效率可以比使用可再生能源减少更多的排放)”可知，作者可能会同意：比更多使用可再生能源更重要的是提高能源利用效率。故A项。
Passage 4 （2021·四川高三月考）
Poaching has been threatening the survival of the African black rhino for long. But thanks to conservation efforts, the population of this endangered animal is slowly increasing, according to a recent update of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.
Between 2012 and 2018, the number of black rhinos in Africa has increased moderately, at annual rate of 2.5%, The population in the wild has grown from approximately 4,845 to 5,630. As IUCN's update suggests, the population models predict the number will continue to rise slowly over the next five years.
The white rhino, Africa's another rhino species that exists in greater numbers, has been on the IUCN Red List categorized as Near Threatened. Compared to the black rhino, the white rhino is at higher risk of being poached as it has larger horns and prefers more open habitats, which makes it easier to spot.
The threat to the two species mainly comes from poaching for the illegal international rhino horn trade. Fortunately, in recent years, a number of groups including range states, private landowners, and communities have been making efforts to protect them, and the measures are working. In 2015, there were at least 1,349 rhinos poached—an average of 3.7 rhinos hunted per day. Since then, the poaching numbers have decreased every year. In 2018, there were at least 892 rhinos poached, meaning approximately 2.4 African rhinos poached per day, or one every 10 hours. The data for 2019 looks promising as the poaching levels appear to have further gone down.
Although the levels of rhino poaching have been declining slightly in recent years due to conservation efforts, the costs of keeping rhinos safe have greatly gone up and sale prices for live rhinos have decreased considerably over the last 10 years, making private landowners and communities less motivated to protect rhinos. This trend could delay the continued progress of expanding the species range and numbers.
17．Which of the following can best describe the number of the African rhinos now?
A．Slightly declining. B．Slowly expanding. C．Greatly increasing. D．Considerably decreasing.
18．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The better situation for the African white rhinos.
B．The reason for protecting the African white rhinos.
C．The process of the white rhino being on the IUCU Red List.
D．The reason why the African white rhino is more likely to be poached.
19．In which year did the African rhinos suffer the most from poaching?
A．In 2015. B．In 2016. C．In 2018. D．In 2019.
20．What can be the author's attitude to the future range and numbers of rhinos?
A．Favorable. B．Confident. C．Concerned. D．Uninterested.
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了非洲犀牛因人类长期捕杀濒危，而后采取措施使其数量在逐渐增加的现状和存在的问题。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段的“But thanks to conservation efforts, the population of this endangered animal is slowly increasing,(但是由于努力保护，这种濒危动物的数量正在缓慢增加)”可知，现在非洲犀牛的数量正在缓慢扩大。故答案为 B。
18．推理判断题。根据文章第三段所有内容“The white rhino, Africa's another rhino species that exists in greater numbers, has been on the IUCN Red List categorized as Near Threatened. Compared to the black rhino, the white rhino is at higher risk of being poached as it has larger horns and prefers more open habitats, which makes it easier to spot.( 白犀牛是非洲另一种数量更多的犀牛，已被列入IUCN红色名单，被归类为接近威胁。 与黑犀牛相比，白犀牛的偷猎风险更高，因为它有更大的角，更喜欢更开放的栖息地，这使得它更容易发现)”可知，本段主要讲述为什么非洲白犀牛更容易被偷猎的原因。答案为 D。
19．细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“In 2015, there were at least 1,349 rhinos poached—an average of 3.7 rhinos hunted per day. Since then, the poaching numbers have decreased every year. In 2018, there were at least 892 rhinos poached, meaning approximately 2.4 African rhinos poached per day, or one every 10 hours. The data for 2019 looks promising as the poaching levels appear to have further gone down.( 2015年，至少偷猎了1349头犀牛，平均每天捕猎3.7头犀牛。从那时起，偷猎动物的数量每年都在减少。2018年，至少有892头犀牛被偷猎，这意味着每天大约有2.4头非洲犀牛，或者每10小时偷猎一次。2019年的数据看起来很有希望，因为偷猎活动的水平似乎已经进一步下降了)”可知，2015年非洲犀牛遭受偷猎的影响最大。故答案为A。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段，尤其是最后一句“This trend could delay the continued progress of expanding the species range and numbers.( 这一趋势可能会推迟扩大物种范围和数量的持续进展)”可推断，作者对于犀牛的未来范围和数量是担心的。故答案为C。
Passage 5（2021·天津和平区·高三一模）
These days, it's not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures, office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks. It's becoming more and more common to see adults taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.
What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia （怀旧之情）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.
Businesses have been quick to exploit the kidult trend, and the number of toy stores that target adults has risen. Companies are repackaging products from past decades and also bringing out new ones for adults. Lego, for example, has brought out an architectural series featuring landmarks from around the world.
Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly （异常）that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers. On a grander scale, these kidult opponents （对手）argue that such delayed adulthood causes couples to marry later and have fewer children. This in turn can lead to shrinking national economies, for there needs to be a generational replenishment （补充）of the workforce.
From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acceptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities.
Whether the kidult phenomenon will continue to grow or prove to be a passing trend is anyone's guess. As the debate about it continues, remember that there is nothing wrong with being young at heart.
21．What does the kidult phenomenon refer to?
A．Adults act like children. B．Adults have child-like tastes.
C．Adults go in for collecting toys. D．Adults like playing with children.
22．Which of the following might cause the emergence of kidults?
A．Different living conditions. B．More choices about toys.
C．High pressure of modern life. D．Good memories of childhood.
23．What does the underlined word “exploit” probably mean?
A．Get used to. B．Look forward to. C．Take advantage of. D．Make way for.
24．How does the text deal with the debate about kidults?
A．By strongly opposing kidult opponents. B．By convincing readers to accept kidults.
C．By refusing to take a stand on the issue. D．By presenting both sides of the argument.
25．What can we infer about the author's attitude towards the phenomenon from the last paragraph?
A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Uncaring.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今社会，成年人对玩具、漫画书以及传统上与孩子有关的活动产生兴趣的现象越来越普遍。这种现象背后的原因及社会上对这种现象的不同看法。
21．细节理解题。由文章第一段最后句“It's becoming more and more common to see adults taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.”（成年人对玩具、漫画书以及传统上与孩子有关的活动产生兴趣的现象越来越普遍。这种现象催生了一个新词:kidult。）可知，“大孩子现象”指的是成年人有像孩子的一样的爱好。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句“One is about adults' nostalgia （怀旧之情）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles.”（一个原因是成人对童年的无忧无虑的日子的怀旧之情以及当今快节奏和紧张的生活方式。）可知，导致成年儿童的出现的原因是现代生活的高压。故选C项。
23．猜测词义题。由文章第三段第一句“Businesses have been quick to exploit the kidult trend, and the number of toy stores that target adults has risen.”（企业迅速利用了这一趋势，以成年人为目标的玩具店数量也在增加。）及第二句“Companies are repackaging products from past decades and also bringing out new ones for adults.”（公司正在重新包装过去几十年的产品，并推出新的成人产品。）可知，第二句是对第一句内容的具体体现，公司之所以重新包装过去几十年的产品，并推出新的成人产品是因为公司要利用这一儿童成年人的趋势。固划线的词的意思是“利用”，A. Get used to.习惯于；B. Look forward to.期盼；C. Take advantage of.利用；D. Make way for.为……让路。故选C项。
24．推理判断题。由文章第四段前两句“Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly （异常）that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers.”（传统上社会不赞成那些拒绝把童年兴趣放在一边的成年人，认为这种拒绝是社会不成熟和不负责任的表现。那些赞成这种观点的人有时声称儿童成年人患有流行心理学概念称为彼得潘综合症疾病, 一种人们保持情感上的青少年水平的异常。）可知，文章是通过提出论点的两个方面来处理有关成年儿童的辩论的。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。由文章最后段最后一句“As the debate about it continues, remember that there is nothing wrong with being young at heart.”（当关于这个问题的争论还在继续时，请记住，心态年轻并没有错。）可知，作者对这一现象持积极的态度。故选B项。
Passage 6 （2021·福建龙岩市·高三一模）
5G wireless networks are ready to power the cities of tomorrow. However, exact implementation (实施)of 5G will vary from city to city, with each city having its own unique set of priorities, requirements, and objectives.
Since 5G enables countless service possibilities, cities must develop strategies around their specific needs. Business and civic leaders play a decisive role in this process, helping to drive smart city initiatives and ensuring that key infrastructure (基础设施)elements are in place.
Several urban areas, including Los Angeles, Dallas, Houston, Atlanta, and Chicago, are early to benefit from 5G For operators, these large urban centers offer a critical mass of solid infrastructure to support 5G’s complex technology requirements.
Now, regional and local governments play a critical role in positioning their cities to become early 5G adopters. They have a growing responsibility to streamline the permitting process, change fee structures, and minimize regulator hurdles in order lo enable greater 5G implementation.
Efforts are already in full force by industry players to overcome challenges for a smooth build-out in areas where 5G is needed first. As business leaders take a more active role in ensuring that they are well-positioned to better 5G services, they also increase their ability to transform their organizations into smart companies. Peter Linder, head of 5G marketing for North America at Ericsson, emphasizes the critical role individual leaders can play in making 5G and smart cities a reality. “5G will be introduced in urban areas first, driven by consumer and business’s needs,” he says. “Proactive city leaders appreciate the potential value of 5G for developing smart city solutions and will partner with service providers to speed up vital network development.”
The role of business and civic leaders as stimulators for encouraging 5G adoption is decisive to creating smarter, safer, and cleaner cities. The time is right for urban leaders and business executives (执行官)to work together toward making smart cities a reality.
26．What should a concerning government do for 5G?
A．Establish more smart companies. B．Tap the value of 5G application.
C．Fulfil the requirements of 5G adoption. D．Collect money from local residents.
27．What’s the most important factor in 5G implementation?
A．Individual leadership. B．Leaders’ promoting role.
C．Solid infrastructure. D．Promising values.
28．What’s the aim of putting 5G in use in cities?
A．To build smart cities. B．To test new technology.
C．To regulate IT marketing. D．To satisfy clients’ needs.
29．What is the author’s attitude towards 5G implementation?
A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Uncaring. D．Positive.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述5G已经势在必行，但是5G在每个城市的具体执行方式都不一样。并讲述了5G能给城市带来的好处，各方面所作出的努力，以及政府应该怎样促进5G的发展。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“They have a growing responsibility to streamline the permitting process, change fee structures, and minimize regulator hurdles in order lo enable greater 5G implementation.”（为了使5G能够更好的实施，他们在简化审批程序、更改收费结构、减少管理障碍方面的责任越来越大）可知，政府应该做的是满足5G的应用需求。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“Business and civic leaders play a decisive role in this process, helping to drive smart city initiatives and ensuring that key infrastructure (基础设施)elements are in place.”（商业和城市的领导在整个过程中起着决定性的作用，帮助推动智能城市发展并确保基础设施到位）可知，领导人的推动在5G的落实中起着重要作用。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“The time is right for urban leaders and business executives (执行官)to work together toward making smart cities a reality.”（是时候让城市领导者和企业主管们共同努力来让智能城市成为现实）可知，在城市中使用5G的目标是为了建立智能城市。故选A。
29．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者一直在叙述5G能给城市带来的好处，各方面所作出的努力，以及政府应该怎样促进5G的发展可知，作者对5G的落实是积极乐观的；A.Negative.否定的，消极的；B.Doubtful.怀疑的；C.Uncaring.不在乎的；D.Positive.积极乐观的。故选D。
Passage 7 （2021·浙江高三一模）
“We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds… Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I’m convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science festival in Norway in 2017, a year before his death.
Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize(移民于) other planets. That way, if a terrible disease, nuclear war or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a chance. Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there. “Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013.
But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars. One of the biggest dangers there is deadly radiation that ruins the planet.
Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid(小行星) strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.
In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. Human visitors may destroy this life or permanently change or damage the Martian environment. Some feel that’s too much of a risk to take.
30．Why did the author mention NASA, the United Arab Emirates, SpaceX and Mars One?
A．To stress the risk of dying out on Earth. B．To provide evidence for Hawking’s theory.
C．To show growing intention of moving to Mars. D．To explain the advanced technology in astronomy.
31．What can we learn from the passage?
A．It is costly and risky to colonize Mars. B．Civilization is difficult to maintain on Earth.
C．Poverty is the most urgent problem to handle. D．All the time and money should be spent on Earth.
32．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” mean in the last paragraph?
A．not steady to keep. B．not fit to live on.
C．not easy to approach. D．not safe to set foot on.
33．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Mars, Our Future Planet. B．Moving to A New Planet.
C．Should We Colonize Mars? D．Stay Home or Outer Space?
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有些专家认为为了人类和人类文明的延续，人类应该离开地球，移民去其他星球，尤其是去火星。而一些人认为这样的计划不仅昂贵而且危险，甚至还会破会火星的生态。
30．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星)”以 及“Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there .(火星是最吸引人的目的地之一。NASA, United Arab Emirates, SpaceX 以及Mars One 都有把人送往火星的计划)，可知，这么多机构都计划着让人类移民火星，也就是表明了不断增长的移民火星的意图，故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. (反对去火星的最常见的理由是去那太贵，太危险了)”可知，移民去火星太贵太有风险了，故选A。
32．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. (火星似乎uninhabited，但是它可能给微生物提供生存之地)”可知，“but”后表明火星可以提供给微生物生存之地，难么“but”前说明火星可能无法提供生存的地方，也就是火星可能是不适合生存或居住的，故选B。
33．主旨大意题。文章第一段Stephen Hawking的话中“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. (探索外界可能是拯救我们自身的唯一途径)”，引出话题，我们可能需要去其他星球来拯救我们自己。文章第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星) ”表明很多专家支持移民火星的计划。文章第三段中“But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. (但并不是每个人都同意，向火星或其他任何行星移民是一个伟大的计划)”，紧接着在第三段和第四段分析了移民火星的代价和危害，综合这些段落可知，整篇文章就是讲了我们是不是要移民火星，选项C“Should We Colonize Mars?”我们应该移民火星吗？符合要求，故选C。
Passage 8 （2021·陕西西安市·西安中学高三二模）
Honeybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings to produce little waves and slide toward land—like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.
As with many scientific advances－Isaac Newton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt—Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.
Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect local Pasadena honeybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.
The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs for propulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they predicted.
Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.
34．What does the author intend to show by mentioning Newton and Franklin?
A．Roh’s admiration for them. B．Roh’s chance discovery about bees.
C．Their outstanding talent for science. D．Their similar achievements in discovery.
35．What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?
A．The air weight. B．Its leg extension.
C．The water movement. D．Its continuous wingbeat.
36．What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Fast flight. B．Driving force. C．Pulling speed. D．Explosive power.
37．According to the last Paragraph, which of the following isn’t the practical applications for bees’ surfing?
A．designing robots with the ability to travel across both sky and sea.
B．Rescuing ships or saving sailors trapped in the ocean.
C．Acquiring knowledge of moving samples of the surface of the ocean.
D．Making helicopters in the shape of bees.
38．What does the text mainly tell us?
A．Honeybees can surf to safety. B．Bees help scientists make inventions.
C．Insects can adapt to the environment. D．Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。加州理工学院的Chris Roh和其他研究人员发现，当蜜蜂掉进水里时，它们可以用翅膀产生小波浪，然后像会创造并驾驭自己的波浪的冲浪者一样滑向陆地。文章主要介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及蜜蜂冲浪行为可以带来的一些实际应用。
34．推理判断题。根据第二段“As with many scientific advances－Isaac Newton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt—Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.(与许多科学进步一样——牛顿的苹果或本杰明·富兰克林的闪电——Roh博士的实验是从散步开始的。2016年路过加州理工学院的米利坎池塘时，他观察到一只蜜蜂在水面上产生了波浪。他想知道一种以飞行著称的昆虫是如何自己在水中推进的)”可推知，作者提及牛顿和富兰克林是想表明Roh关于蜜蜂的偶然发现。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. (但当蜜蜂的翅膀快速上下移动时，这种重量有助于推动蜜蜂前进)”可知，蜜蜂在水中前进的过程中，持续拍打翅膀起着最重要的作用。故选D。
36．词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs for”以及后文“which is known as water-walking (这被称为水上行走)”可知，研究人员说，在其他昆虫身上还没有记录到这种像冲浪一样的运动，大多数半水生昆虫用它们的腿作为在水上的推进力，这被称为水上行走。故画线词意思是“推动力”。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said. (Roh博士和Gharib博士设想了蜜蜂冲浪的许多实际应用。一项计划是利用他们的观察来设计能够穿越天空和海洋的机器人。“如果无法派出船只或直升机，这可能对搜索和救援，或对获取海洋表面样本很有用，”Gharib说)”可推知，D选项“制造蜜蜂形状的直升机”不是蜜蜂冲浪的实际应用。故选D。
38．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings to produce little waves and slide toward land—like surfers who create and then ride their own waves. (但加州理工学院的Chris Roh和其他研究人员发现，当蜜蜂掉进水里时，它们可以用翅膀产生小波浪，然后像会创造并驾驭自己的波浪的冲浪者一样滑向陆地)”结合文章主要介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及蜜蜂冲浪行为可以带来的一些实际应用。可知，文章主要告诉我们蜜蜂可以冲浪到安全的地方。故选A。
Passage 9（2021·全国高三月考）
In recent years, teenagers like Greta Thunberg have taken the world by storm, speaking out for what they believe in and proving that young people can change the world.
A new non-profit program named Rise has been created by ex-Google CEO Eric Schmidt and his wife Wendy, in association with Rhodes Trust. Their aim is to identify 15 to 17-year-olds from around the globe and give them opportunities and resources to help them improve the world. Rise is looking for teenagers with brilliance, integrity （正直诚实），sympathy, determination, and ambition."
To apply, participants have to download an app called Hello World - Rise. For the next eight months, participants will upload videos of themselves and work on the Rise Challenge, a two-month project on anything they are passionate about. This can range from starting a business to conducting scientific research. Five hundred finalists will be selected for an interview and 100 of these young people will be declared winners by summer 2021!
The 100 winners will get many benefits for the rest of their lives. They will get career guidance and financial aid for university and internships, as well as a chance to compete for funding for a social enterprise. Other benefits are a technology package and online courses. Winners will also take part in a residential summit where they will learn leadership and service, explore careers, and be a part of a global community of leaders.
The Rise team believes teenagers can be very effective agents of change. Do you want to make a difference too? If so, consider applying to Rise. But most importantly, remember that you can change the world from anywhere and at any age.
39．What's the goal of the program Rise?
A．To support teenagers in need. B．To transform the world thoroughly.
C．To offer teenagers a platform to communicate. D．To find youths capable to build a better world.
40．What qualities may contribute to teenagers being chosen by Rise?
A．Being brilliant and stubborn. B．Being strong-willed and ambitious.
C．Being honest and emotional. D．Being sympathetic and generous.
41．What's the third paragraph mainly about?
A．The means of applying to participate in the project.
B．The benefits participants will gain from the project.
C．The complete process of winners being selected.
D．The achievements participants must be reached in the project.
42．What's the purpose of the author writing the passage?
A．To introduce a non-profit program. B．To praise outstanding young people.
C．To explain why Rise prefers teenagers. D．To appeal to teenagers to join Rise.
【分析】
本文属于说明文。文章介绍了谷歌前首席执行官埃里克·施密特和妻子温迪与罗德信托公司合作创建的一个项目——Rise。他们的目标是在全球范围内寻找 15 到 17 岁的青少年，给他们机会和资源来帮助他们改善世界。同时呼吁年轻人加入 Rise，为改变世界作出贡献。
【详解】
39.细节理解题。根据第二段“Their aim is to identify 15 to 17-year olds from around the globe and give them opportunities and resources to help them improve the world. ”（他们的目标是在全球范围内寻找 15 到 17 岁的青少年，给他们机会和资源来帮助他们改善世界。）可知，这个项目的目标是找到合适年龄的青少年改善世界。选项D与文意一致，故选D。
40.细节理解题。根据前二段“ Rise is looking for teenagers with brilliance, integrity （正直诚实），sympathy, determination, and ambition.”（Rise要寻找的是“才华横溢、正直诚实、有同情心、意志坚定、有抱负”的青少年。） 可知，被选择的青少年必须是“才华横溢、正直诚实、有同情心、意志坚定、有抱负”的青少年。选项B与文意一致，故选B。
42.主旨大意题。根据第三段“To apply, participants have to download an app called Hello World - Rise. For the next eight months, participants will upload videos of themselves and work on the Rise Challenge, a two-month project on anything they are passionate about. This can range from starting a business to conducting scientific research. Five hundred finalists will be selected for an interview and 100 of these young people will be declared winners by summer 2021!”（要申请，参与者必须下载一个名为 Hello World - Rise的应用程序。在接下来的8个月里，参与者们将上传自己的视频，然后进行升级挑战，这是一个为期两个月的项目，涉及他们所热衷的任何事情。这可以从创业到进行科学研究。500名决赛选手将被选中进行面试，其中100名年轻人将在2021年夏天宣布获胜！）可知，这一段介绍了从申请到 100 名获胜者最终被选出的整个过程，选项C与文意一致，故选 C。
42.推理判断题。根据最后一段 “If so, consider applying to Rise. But most importantly, remember that you can change the world from anywhere and at any age.”（如果是这样，考虑申请Rise。但最重要的是，记住，你可以在任何地方，任何年龄，改变世界。）可知，作者写作此文的目的在于呼吁年轻人加入 Rise，为改变世界作出贡献，选项D与文意一致，故选 D。
Passage 10（2021·全国高三月考）
While cities are known for being centers of culture and entertainment, small towns often have just as much to offer. The following are among the best small towns in the US.
ALASKA： Sitka
Population: 8, 493
Sitka is located on Baranof Island ,making it only accessible by plane or boat. Lying between mountains and the Pacific ocean, it gives residents splendid views and even incredible wildlife.
From whale watching to incredible hikes, Sitka has everything an adventure traveler needs within a small town setting.
COLORADO: Crested Butte
Population: 1,681
Crested Butte, situated in the Rocky Mountains, is known for its flowers. In fact, the town is called the “Wildflower Capital of Colorado," One of the town's most beautiful seasons is July, when it hosts the Wildflower Festival. The warmer months also offer 750 miles of biking trails and camping in the forest. In the winter, Crested Butte becomes a popular skiing destination.
LOUISIANA: St. Francisville
Population: 1,616
St. Francisville, Louisiana, is so peaceful and beautiful that it even made it to the big screen, becoming the set for movies like Tom Cruise's "Oblivion" and "The Maze Runner." You can also explore historic plantations alongside some of the most beautiful scenes. The Bluffs is another attraction in town for those who love golf
WISCONSIN: Stockholm
Population: 66
Lying along the Mississippi River, Stockholm, Wisconsin, has remained relatively untouched over the years. With just over 60 residents, Stockholm has no chain stores or restaurants in town. Its local businesses still attract travelers, though, especially its famous pie shop, Stockholm Pie and General Store. Owing to its location, the town was able to preserve its Swedish heritage.
43．Which is a perfect destination for adventurers?
A．ALASKA: Sitka. B．COLORADO: Crested Butte.
C．LOUISIANA: St. Francisville. D．WISCONSIN: Stockholm.
44．What do Crested Butte and St. Francisville have in common?
A．A long history. B．Demanding biking trails.
C．Beautiful scenes. D．Incredible wildlife.
45．What enables Stockholm to keep its original features?
A．Its small population. B．Its delicious pies.
C．Its responsible travelers. D．Its unique location.
【分析】
本文属于应用文。文章介绍了美国的四个小镇的地理位置及各自的特色。
43．细节理解题。根据ALASKA： Sitka 中“From whale watching to incredible hikes, Sitka has everything an adventure traveler needs within a small town setting.( 从观赏鲸鱼到难以置信的徒步旅行，Sitka拥有小镇环境中探险旅行者所需的一切。) ”可知，Sitka 有各种各样的探险活动，是冒险家的理想目的地，故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据COLORADO: Crested Butte中 “One of the town's most beautiful seasons is July, when it hosts the Wildflower Festival.( 这个小镇最美丽的季节之一是七月，那时它会举办野花节。)”和LOUISIANA: St. Francisville中 “You can also explore historic plantations alongside some of the most beautiful scenes.( 你还可以探索历史悠久的种植园以及一些最美丽的景色。)”可知，这两个小镇都有着美丽的风景，故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据WISCONSIN: Stockholm中 “Lying along the Mississippi River, Stockholm, Wisconsin, has remained relatively untouched over the years.( 坐落在密西西比河沿岸的威斯康辛州的斯德哥尔摩，多年来一直保持着相对的原貌。)”和“Owing to its location, the town was able to preserve its Swedish heritage. (由于其地理位置，该镇得以保存其瑞典传统。)”,可知 Stockholm 之所以保留着原来的风貌，跟它独特的地理位置密不可分，故选D。
冲刺2021年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解
第一模块：细节理解题重点
Passage 1（2021·辽宁高三月考）
Sophia Scott meant to spend the summer as an intern (实习生) shadowing doctors at the UCLA Concussion Clinic, as she had the year before. With COVID-19, the senior from Marymount High School had to put her plans on hold.
“Once everything fell through, I wanted to make sure I used my time as well as I could,” she explained.
Instead of using the summer focusing on herself, the 17-year-old from Los Angeles set about trying to help others. Recognizing that distance learning has been tricky for many, Scott decided to use her God-given academic skills to do something for others.
In a matter of weeks, she set up and launched Quaranteens, a free tutoring service that gathered together other like-minded teens to help out those students needing an academic boost in various subjects. She hoped that she and her group could really help the students get improved.
Impressively, Scott didn’t sit around waiting for students in difficulty to reach out for help. She set up a website and actively offered her services to charities focused on education, appreciating that there were many pupils struggling with the distance learning experience.
“A lot of the students I’ve worked with felt their school year was essentially cut off last March, which absolutely would have a negative impact on the year ahead. So a lot of the work we did was trying to help them catch up,” the new tutor shared.
This situation has been experienced around the world by many students, so the fact that this caring teen sought to remedy (挽救) the situation single-handedly makes her actions more inspiring.
Now with lots of children back in school, Scott hasn't finished her tutoring service. Instead, the experience has encouraged her and her team, which now totals an impressive 16 tutors, to continue offering their help.
“What is most satisfying to me is knowing that something small I'm doing now, like helping a kid become better at reading, could have such a wide range of impact on their education in the future.”
1．What can we know about Sophia Scott?
A．She was not good at making plans. B．She was against distance learning.
C．She proved a professional doctor. D．She performed well academically.
2．What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Warn. B．Improvement. C．Praise. D．Comment.
3．What did Sophia Scott and her team do for students?
A．They helped them catch up with their lessons. B．They taught them how to find online materials.
C．They found personalized online sites for them. D．They focused lessons ahead of their school year.
4．What made Sophia Scott most pleased?
A．The students' deep and sincere gratitude to her. B．Her own unique experience of distance learning.
C．Her positive influence on students' future learning. D．The team for her tutoring service keeps expanding.
【分析】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Sophia Scott 成立了Quaranteens，在新冠疫情期间通过远程学习帮助学生们提高成绩的故事。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Scott decided to use her God-given academic skills to do something for others.(斯科特决定利用她天赐的学习技能为别人做点事)”中的“God-given academic skills(天赐的学习技能)”可以推断，她在学业上表现很好。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。划线词前一句提到“she set up and launched Quaranteens, a free tutoring service that gathered together other like-minded teens to help out those students(她成立并推出了Quaranteens，这是一项免费的辅导服务，将其他志同道合的青少年聚集在一起，帮助那些需要的学生)”；划线词后一句提到“help the students get improved(帮助那些学生得到提高)”。由此可知，boost与get improved意思相同。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第六段中“A lot of the students … felt their school year was essentially cut off …So a lot of the work we did was trying to help them catch up”可知，因为很多学生觉得他们的学年基本上都中断了，Sophia Scott和她的团队帮助学生赶上功课。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“What is most satisfying to me is knowing that something small I'm doing now, like helping a kid become better at reading, could have such a wide range of impact on their education in the future.(最令我满意的是，我知道我现在做的一件小事，比如帮助孩子提高阅读能力，可以对他们未来的教育产生广泛的影响)”可知，让Sophia Scott最高兴的是她的帮助会对学生未来的学习产生广泛的影响。故选C。
Passage 2（2021·重庆高三月考）
In 2015, astronaut Scott Kelly made himself a guinea pig for NASA's "twins study," designed to see what spaceflight does to the human body. It was for all the people who dream of human journeys to Mars and other destinations in space. Kelly rode a rocket into space and spent nearly a year on the International Space Station in low Earth orbit, while his identical twin brother, Mark Kelly, served as the comparison subject and stayed on Earth's surface.
The full results, published Thursday in the journal Science, showed that Scott Kelly experienced numerous physiological and chromosomal（染色体的）changes during his long stay in orbit, including changes in gene expression. His immune system went on high alert, both when he went to space and upon returning to Earth. His body acted as if it were under attack.
One of the most dramatic findings concerned epigenetics（实验胚胎学） — how genes are turned on or off to produce proteins. Gene expression changed in both Kellys during the study but in significantly different ways. The study found that more than 90 percent of Scott Kelly's gene expression changes returned to normal when he landed on the surface. His telomeres（染色体端粒）, structures which break over time as part of the natural aging process, lengthened in space. But that didn't necessarily mean being younger, the study found, because most telomeres shortened dramatically when he returned to Earth.
Months later, tests showed that slight changes in telomeres length still remained and left some influence on Scott Kelly, which means he and his brother are no longer identical twins. "He might be at some increased risk for cardiovascular disease or some types of cancer," said Susan Bailey, a biologist at Colorado State University who led one of the investigations in the study.
However, the researchers, echoing what NASA has suggested previously, said the twins study turned up no showstoppers — no shocking health consequences that would surely prevent a human mission to Mars or similar long-duration mission.
5．What does the underlined expression "a guinea pig" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．a person who is strong enough to become an astronaut.
B．a person who is a leader of space exploration.
C．a person who is picked out for a scientific experiment.
D．a person who is faced with the harsh effects of space flight.
6．What happens to an astronaut's body during a space flight?
A．The permanent changes in gene expression. B．The aging of cells.
C．The lengthened telomeres. D．The failure in immune system.
7．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Scott Kelly will appear younger because his telomeres lengthened in space.
B．A long-duration spaceflight will be banned because of the damage to health.
C．Scott Kelly's gene expression changes were normal when he returned to the surface.
D．Scott Kelly might be more likely to develop cardiovascular disease or some types of cancer.
8．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Gene expression: Physiological Change of Proteins.
B．Space Experiment: Changes in Both Kellys.
C．Mars Exploration: an Unstoppable Human Mission.
D．Shortened Telomeres: the Killer of Astronauts.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，美国宇航局的“双胞胎研究”实验发现，生活在太空的Scott Kelly和生活在地球的Mark Kelly因为所生活的地方不一样，他们不再是同卵双胞胎。
5．词句猜测题。由第一段中的“In 2015, astronaut Scott Kelly made himself a guinea pig for NASA's "twins study," designed to see what spaceflight does to the human body.”（2015年，宇航员Scott Kelly为美国宇航局的“双胞胎研究”做了一只a guinea pig，旨在观察太空飞行对人体的影响。）和“Kelly rode a rocket into space and spent nearly a year on the International Space Station in low Earth orbit, while his identical twin brother, Mark Kelly, served as the comparison subject and stayed on Earth's surface.”（Kelly乘坐火箭进入太空，在近地轨道的国际空间站上呆了近一年，而他的同卵双胞胎兄弟Mark Kelly则作为对比对象，留在地球表面。），可知Scott Kelly被美国宇航局选中去太空完成“双胞胎研究”，以此来观察太空飞行对人体的影响，而他的同卵双胞胎兄弟Mark Kelly待在地球上就行，可得出a guinea pig意为“被挑选出来做科学实验的人”。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。由第三段中的“His telomeres（染色体端粒）, structures which break over time as part of the natural aging process, lengthened in space.”（他的染色体端粒，作为自然老化过程的一部分，随着时间的推移而断裂，在太空中延长。），可知在太空中飞行的宇航员Scott Kelly，他的染色体端粒在太空中延长。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“"He might be at some increased risk for cardiovascular disease or some types of cancer," said Susan Bailey, a biologist at Colorado State University who led one of the investigations in the study.”（科罗拉多州立大学的生物学家Susan Bailey说：“他患心血管疾病或某些癌症的风险可能会增加。”。），可知Scott Kelly可能更容易患心血管疾病或某些类型的癌症。故选D项。
8．主旨大意题。第一段讲“2015年，同卵双胞胎之一的Scott Kelly被美国宇航局选中去太空完成“双胞胎研究”，以此来观察太空飞行对人体的影响，而他的同卵双胞胎兄弟Mark Kelly待在地球上就行”，第二段讲““双胞胎研究”发现Scott Kelly在长期在轨期间经历了许多生理和染色体变化，包括基因表达的变化”，第三段讲“研究发现两个Kelly的基因表达都发生了变化，但方式明显不同，Scott Kelly的染色体端粒在太空中延长”，第四段讲“染色体端粒的不同导致两个Kelly不再是同卵双胞胎，Scott Kelly可能更容易患心血管疾病或某些类型的癌症”，最后一段讲“太空旅行对健康非常不好，肯定会阻止人类前往火星或类似的长期任务”，可知文章主要介绍了太空实验“双胞胎研究”，被美国宇航局选中去太空完成实验的Scott Kelly，他的染色体端粒在太空中延长，导致他和Mark Kelly不再是同卵双胞胎，太空实验导致了两个Kelly的变化，B项“太空实验：两个Kelly的变化”符合文意。故选B项。
Passage 3（2021·广东佛山市·高三月考）
Two vaccines（疫苗）developed by a Maryland company are showing promise in the fight against malaria（疟疾）. One vaccine was 100 percent effective in preventing the deadly disease malaria.
Malaria is a disease caused by parasites（寄生虫）and carried by mosquitoes. Parasites are organisms that live on or in an organism of another species and feed off it or get protection from it. Mosquitoes spread the disease to people by biting on their skin. The World Health Organization says there are 214 million cases of malaria each year. And the deadly disease kills over 400,000 people a year worldwide. People who have malaria often have a fever, chills, and flu-like illness. Serious complications happen, including death, when the disease is left untreated.
The new vaccines work by preparing the immune system to fight the disease. Researchers do this by introducing live, but weakened, young parasites called sporozoites. They are injected into the body by infected mosquitoes. Both vaccines target Plasmodium Falciparum（恶性疟原虫），which is the most common and deadly form of the disease.
One successful trail was carried out in Germany. Different amounts of the vaccine were injected into 27 healthy people who volunteered for the study. Another group of 15 was given a placebo, which is a substance given to a patient like a drug, but t has no physical effect on the person. Eight to 10 weeks after the last vaccine amount, both groups were then exposed to the parasites that carried the malaria.
Stephen Hoffman is chief executive and scientific officer of Sanaria. He says the researchers were surprised by the results from nine of the people who received the highest vaccine amount. “We got 100% protection against malaria at ten weeks after the last amount of the vaccine. That is really beginning to look like something quite extraordinary and that's never been done before.”
9．What can we know about malaria?
A．It is a disease that can't be treated. B．It kills people when left untreated.
C．It is a deadly disaster with a high death rate. D．It is a flu-like disease caused by mosquitoes.
10．How do the new vaccines function to fight malaria?
A．By killing parasites in the mosquitoes. B．By getting rid of most of the mosquitoes.
C．By injecting parasites into mosquitoes' body. D．By restarting the immune system of people's body.
11．How does Stephen Hoffman think of the experiment effect of the vaccine?
A．Remarkable. B．Unpredictable. C．Unsatisfactory. D．Unreasonable.
12．Which section of a magazine is the text probably from?
A．Science &technology. B．Education. C．Lifestyle. D．Politics.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，马里兰州一家公司开发的两种疫苗在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望，一种疫苗在预防致命疾病疟疾方面100%有效，并对其进行了介绍。
9．细节理解题。由第二段中的“People who have malaria often have a fever, chills, and flu-like illness. Serious complications happen, including death, when the disease is left untreated.”（患疟疾的人经常发烧、发冷和患有流感样疾病。当疾病未得到治疗，严重并发症发生，包括死亡），可知疟疾严重的话，如果不治疗，它会致人死亡。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。由第三段中的“The new vaccines work by preparing the immune system to fight the disease.”（新疫苗的工作原理是让免疫系统准备好对抗这种疾病。），可知新疫苗是通过激发人体的免疫系统来抵抗疾病，即通过重新启动人体的免疫系统。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。由最后一段中的““We got 100% protection against malaria at ten weeks after the last amount of the vaccine. That is really beginning to look like something quite extraordinary and that's never been done before.””（“我们在最后一次接种疫苗后的十周内获得了100%预防疟疾。这真的开始看起来很令人惊奇，这从来没有发生过。”），可知Stephen Hoffman说获得100%预防疟疾这是很令人惊奇的，因为这种100%预防疟疾从未发生过，可得出Stephen Hoffman认为疫苗的实验效果很显著的。故选A项。
12．推理判断题。由第一段“Two vaccines（疫苗）developed by a Maryland company are showing promise in the fight against malaria（疟疾）. One vaccine was 100 percent effective in preventing the deadly disease malaria.”（马里兰州一家公司开发的两种疫苗在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望。一种疫苗在预防致命疾病疟疾方面100%有效。）和其它段落关于“疟疾疫苗”的介绍，可知文章主要向读者介绍了预防致命疾病疟疾100%有效的“疟疾疫苗”的相关信息，属于科普类文章，可得出本文会出现在杂志的“科学和技术”版块。故选A项。
Passage 3（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中高三一模）
Not that long ago, the world wondered whether clean energy could survive without government support. Now the question is how far it can spread. The number of electric vehicles, which was about 1 million in 2015, last year reached 2 million. In electricity generation, too, trend is with the greens. In the first half of this year, wind, solar and hydro generated a record 35% of Germany's power.
Greater success is breeding greater ambition. California is proposing to reach 60% renewable energy by 2030. 176 countries have clean-energy goals. Hawaii, America’s most oil-dependent state, has promised to be 100% renewable by the middle of the century and so have 48 poor countries vulnerable to climate change. This week the number of multinationals making a commitment to running their operations on 100% renewable energy rose to 100.
But not every target is helpful. To see why, consider that goal of 100% renewable energy. It makes solving climate change seem easy. In fact, though wind and solar can generate the whole county’s electricity some day, renewables still account for less than 8% of the world’s total power output. Moreover, cleaning up electricity is only part of the battle. Even though gas-fired heating and cooking can be at least as big a source of greenhouse-gas emissions, renewable heating gets little attention. Transport policy is unpredictable, too. Car manufacturers may hit their goal of annual sales of 10 million electric vehicles in a decade, but battery-powered road transport, shipping and aviation (航室) are dreams. A much-quoted claim that America could rely on wind, solar and hydro alone for its electricity has recently been bitterly criticized by a group of respected academics.
Most importantly, a 100% renewables target confuses means with ends. The priority for the planet is to stop net emissions (净排放量) of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. Putting too much emphasis on wind, solar and other renewables may block off better carbon-reduction paths. New technologies, such as “direct air capture” systems designed to separate carbon dioxide from the air, may in time prove vital. Likewise, greater energy efficiency could reduce emissions by even more than using renewables would.
13．Why is Germany mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic. B．To provide a successful example of producing clean energy.
C．To compare with the USA． D．To prove the possibility of the 100% renewables target.
14．What picture is described at the beginning of the passage?
A．A tough fight against climate change. B．A huge market of electric vehicles.
C．A promising future of clean energy. D．A fierce competition between countries.
15．Why is every target not realistic according to Paragraph 3?
A．Car makers cannot produce enough batteries.
B．New energy doesn’t receive its due attention in every aspect of society.
C．Use of traditional energies causes air pollution.
D．We are lacking in enough wind and solar energy to generate electricity.
16．Which of the following does the writer probably agree with?
A．Energy efficiency is superior to using renewables.
B．People can only use new energy in reality.
C．Mixing up means with purposes matters most.
D．The target of 100 renewables is too high to reach.
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可再生能源的可观前景以及在实际中面临的问题。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The number of electric vehicles, which was about 1 million in 2015, last year reached 2 million. In electricity generation, too, trend is with the greens. In the first half of this year, wind, solar and hydro generated a record 35% of Germany's power.(2015年电动汽车的数量约为100万辆，去年达到了200万辆。在发电方面，趋势也与绿色有关。今年上半年，风能、太阳能和水力发电创纪录地占德国电力的35%)”可知，作者提及德国的事例是为了提供一个生产清洁能源的成功范例。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段“Not that long ago, the world wondered whether clean energy could survive without government support. Now the question is how far it can spread.(就在不久前，全世界都在想，如果没有政府的支持，清洁能源是否还能生存下去。现在的问题是它能传播多远)”和第二段内容可知，作者在文章开头描写了很多关于清洁能源发展良好的例子，接着又描写了多个国家未来对清洁能源的巨大目标和美好构想，由此可知，文章开头描述的是“清洁能源的美好未来”的景象。故选C项。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段“But not every target is helpful.(但并非每个目标都有用)”和“In fact, though wind and solar can generate the whole country's electricity someday, renewables still account for less than 8% of the world's total power output. Moreover, cleaning up electricity is only part of the battle. Even though gas-fired heating and cooking can be at least as big a source of greenhouse-gas emissions, renewable heating gets little attention. Transport policy is unpredictable, too. Carmakers may hit their goal of annual sales of 10 million electric vehicles in a decade, but battery-powered road transport, shipping and aviation are dreams. A much-quoted claim that America could rely on wind, solar and hydro alone for its electricity has recently been bitterly criticized by a group of respected academics.(事实上，尽管风能和太阳能有朝一日能产生全国的电力，但可再生能源仍占世界总发电量的不到8%。此外，清理电力只是战斗的一部分。尽管燃气取暖和烹饪至少可以成为温室气体排放的一大来源，但可再生能源取暖很少受到关注。交通政策也是不可预测的。汽车制造商可能会在10年内实现电动汽车年销量1000万辆的目标，但电池驱动的公路运输、航运和航空是他们的梦想。一个被广泛引用的说法是，美国可以依靠风能、太阳能和水力发电来发电，最近遭到了一批受人尊敬的学者的严厉批评)”可知，根据第三段，并不是每一个目标都是现实的，因为新能源并没有在社会的各个方面得到应有的重视。故选B项。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Putting too much emphasis on wind, solar and other renewables may block off better carbon-reduction paths.(过分强调风能、太阳能和其他可再生能源可能会阻碍更好的碳减排途径)”及“Likewise, greater energy efficiency could reduce emissions by even more than using renewables would.(同样，更高的能源效率可以比使用可再生能源减少更多的排放)”可知，作者可能会同意：比更多使用可再生能源更重要的是提高能源利用效率。故A项。
Passage 4 （2021·四川高三月考）
Poaching has been threatening the survival of the African black rhino for long. But thanks to conservation efforts, the population of this endangered animal is slowly increasing, according to a recent update of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.
Between 2012 and 2018, the number of black rhinos in Africa has increased moderately, at annual rate of 2.5%, The population in the wild has grown from approximately 4,845 to 5,630. As IUCN's update suggests, the population models predict the number will continue to rise slowly over the next five years.
The white rhino, Africa's another rhino species that exists in greater numbers, has been on the IUCN Red List categorized as Near Threatened. Compared to the black rhino, the white rhino is at higher risk of being poached as it has larger horns and prefers more open habitats, which makes it easier to spot.
The threat to the two species mainly comes from poaching for the illegal international rhino horn trade. Fortunately, in recent years, a number of groups including range states, private landowners, and communities have been making efforts to protect them, and the measures are working. In 2015, there were at least 1,349 rhinos poached—an average of 3.7 rhinos hunted per day. Since then, the poaching numbers have decreased every year. In 2018, there were at least 892 rhinos poached, meaning approximately 2.4 African rhinos poached per day, or one every 10 hours. The data for 2019 looks promising as the poaching levels appear to have further gone down.
Although the levels of rhino poaching have been declining slightly in recent years due to conservation efforts, the costs of keeping rhinos safe have greatly gone up and sale prices for live rhinos have decreased considerably over the last 10 years, making private landowners and communities less motivated to protect rhinos. This trend could delay the continued progress of expanding the species range and numbers.
17．Which of the following can best describe the number of the African rhinos now?
A．Slightly declining. B．Slowly expanding. C．Greatly increasing. D．Considerably decreasing.
18．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The better situation for the African white rhinos.
B．The reason for protecting the African white rhinos.
C．The process of the white rhino being on the IUCU Red List.
D．The reason why the African white rhino is more likely to be poached.
19．In which year did the African rhinos suffer the most from poaching?
A．In 2015. B．In 2016. C．In 2018. D．In 2019.
20．What can be the author's attitude to the future range and numbers of rhinos?
A．Favorable. B．Confident. C．Concerned. D．Uninterested.
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了非洲犀牛因人类长期捕杀濒危，而后采取措施使其数量在逐渐增加的现状和存在的问题。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段的“But thanks to conservation efforts, the population of this endangered animal is slowly increasing,(但是由于努力保护，这种濒危动物的数量正在缓慢增加)”可知，现在非洲犀牛的数量正在缓慢扩大。故答案为 B。
18．推理判断题。根据文章第三段所有内容“The white rhino, Africa's another rhino species that exists in greater numbers, has been on the IUCN Red List categorized as Near Threatened. Compared to the black rhino, the white rhino is at higher risk of being poached as it has larger horns and prefers more open habitats, which makes it easier to spot.( 白犀牛是非洲另一种数量更多的犀牛，已被列入IUCN红色名单，被归类为接近威胁。 与黑犀牛相比，白犀牛的偷猎风险更高，因为它有更大的角，更喜欢更开放的栖息地，这使得它更容易发现)”可知，本段主要讲述为什么非洲白犀牛更容易被偷猎的原因。答案为 D。
19．细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“In 2015, there were at least 1,349 rhinos poached—an average of 3.7 rhinos hunted per day. Since then, the poaching numbers have decreased every year. In 2018, there were at least 892 rhinos poached, meaning approximately 2.4 African rhinos poached per day, or one every 10 hours. The data for 2019 looks promising as the poaching levels appear to have further gone down.( 2015年，至少偷猎了1349头犀牛，平均每天捕猎3.7头犀牛。从那时起，偷猎动物的数量每年都在减少。2018年，至少有892头犀牛被偷猎，这意味着每天大约有2.4头非洲犀牛，或者每10小时偷猎一次。2019年的数据看起来很有希望，因为偷猎活动的水平似乎已经进一步下降了)”可知，2015年非洲犀牛遭受偷猎的影响最大。故答案为A。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段，尤其是最后一句“This trend could delay the continued progress of expanding the species range and numbers.( 这一趋势可能会推迟扩大物种范围和数量的持续进展)”可推断，作者对于犀牛的未来范围和数量是担心的。故答案为C。
Passage 5（2021·天津和平区·高三一模）
These days, it's not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures, office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks. It's becoming more and more common to see adults taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.
What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia （怀旧之情）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.
Businesses have been quick to exploit the kidult trend, and the number of toy stores that target adults has risen. Companies are repackaging products from past decades and also bringing out new ones for adults. Lego, for example, has brought out an architectural series featuring landmarks from around the world.
Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly （异常）that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers. On a grander scale, these kidult opponents （对手）argue that such delayed adulthood causes couples to marry later and have fewer children. This in turn can lead to shrinking national economies, for there needs to be a generational replenishment （补充）of the workforce.
From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acceptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities.
Whether the kidult phenomenon will continue to grow or prove to be a passing trend is anyone's guess. As the debate about it continues, remember that there is nothing wrong with being young at heart.
21．What does the kidult phenomenon refer to?
A．Adults act like children. B．Adults have child-like tastes.
C．Adults go in for collecting toys. D．Adults like playing with children.
22．Which of the following might cause the emergence of kidults?
A．Different living conditions. B．More choices about toys.
C．High pressure of modern life. D．Good memories of childhood.
23．What does the underlined word “exploit” probably mean?
A．Get used to. B．Look forward to. C．Take advantage of. D．Make way for.
24．How does the text deal with the debate about kidults?
A．By strongly opposing kidult opponents. B．By convincing readers to accept kidults.
C．By refusing to take a stand on the issue. D．By presenting both sides of the argument.
25．What can we infer about the author's attitude towards the phenomenon from the last paragraph?
A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Uncaring.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今社会，成年人对玩具、漫画书以及传统上与孩子有关的活动产生兴趣的现象越来越普遍。这种现象背后的原因及社会上对这种现象的不同看法。
21．细节理解题。由文章第一段最后句“It's becoming more and more common to see adults taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.”（成年人对玩具、漫画书以及传统上与孩子有关的活动产生兴趣的现象越来越普遍。这种现象催生了一个新词:kidult。）可知，“大孩子现象”指的是成年人有像孩子的一样的爱好。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句“One is about adults' nostalgia （怀旧之情）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles.”（一个原因是成人对童年的无忧无虑的日子的怀旧之情以及当今快节奏和紧张的生活方式。）可知，导致成年儿童的出现的原因是现代生活的高压。故选C项。
23．猜测词义题。由文章第三段第一句“Businesses have been quick to exploit the kidult trend, and the number of toy stores that target adults has risen.”（企业迅速利用了这一趋势，以成年人为目标的玩具店数量也在增加。）及第二句“Companies are repackaging products from past decades and also bringing out new ones for adults.”（公司正在重新包装过去几十年的产品，并推出新的成人产品。）可知，第二句是对第一句内容的具体体现，公司之所以重新包装过去几十年的产品，并推出新的成人产品是因为公司要利用这一儿童成年人的趋势。固划线的词的意思是“利用”，A. Get used to.习惯于；B. Look forward to.期盼；C. Take advantage of.利用；D. Make way for.为……让路。故选C项。
24．推理判断题。由文章第四段前两句“Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly （异常）that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers.”（传统上社会不赞成那些拒绝把童年兴趣放在一边的成年人，认为这种拒绝是社会不成熟和不负责任的表现。那些赞成这种观点的人有时声称儿童成年人患有流行心理学概念称为彼得潘综合症疾病, 一种人们保持情感上的青少年水平的异常。）可知，文章是通过提出论点的两个方面来处理有关成年儿童的辩论的。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。由文章最后段最后一句“As the debate about it continues, remember that there is nothing wrong with being young at heart.”（当关于这个问题的争论还在继续时，请记住，心态年轻并没有错。）可知，作者对这一现象持积极的态度。故选B项。
Passage 6 （2021·福建龙岩市·高三一模）
5G wireless networks are ready to power the cities of tomorrow. However, exact implementation (实施)of 5G will vary from city to city, with each city having its own unique set of priorities, requirements, and objectives.
Since 5G enables countless service possibilities, cities must develop strategies around their specific needs. Business and civic leaders play a decisive role in this process, helping to drive smart city initiatives and ensuring that key infrastructure (基础设施)elements are in place.
Several urban areas, including Los Angeles, Dallas, Houston, Atlanta, and Chicago, are early to benefit from 5G For operators, these large urban centers offer a critical mass of solid infrastructure to support 5G’s complex technology requirements.
Now, regional and local governments play a critical role in positioning their cities to become early 5G adopters. They have a growing responsibility to streamline the permitting process, change fee structures, and minimize regulator hurdles in order lo enable greater 5G implementation.
Efforts are already in full force by industry players to overcome challenges for a smooth build-out in areas where 5G is needed first. As business leaders take a more active role in ensuring that they are well-positioned to better 5G services, they also increase their ability to transform their organizations into smart companies. Peter Linder, head of 5G marketing for North America at Ericsson, emphasizes the critical role individual leaders can play in making 5G and smart cities a reality. “5G will be introduced in urban areas first, driven by consumer and business’s needs,” he says. “Proactive city leaders appreciate the potential value of 5G for developing smart city solutions and will partner with service providers to speed up vital network development.”
The role of business and civic leaders as stimulators for encouraging 5G adoption is decisive to creating smarter, safer, and cleaner cities. The time is right for urban leaders and business executives (执行官)to work together toward making smart cities a reality.
26．What should a concerning government do for 5G?
A．Establish more smart companies. B．Tap the value of 5G application.
C．Fulfil the requirements of 5G adoption. D．Collect money from local residents.
27．What’s the most important factor in 5G implementation?
A．Individual leadership. B．Leaders’ promoting role.
C．Solid infrastructure. D．Promising values.
28．What’s the aim of putting 5G in use in cities?
A．To build smart cities. B．To test new technology.
C．To regulate IT marketing. D．To satisfy clients’ needs.
29．What is the author’s attitude towards 5G implementation?
A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Uncaring. D．Positive.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述5G已经势在必行，但是5G在每个城市的具体执行方式都不一样。并讲述了5G能给城市带来的好处，各方面所作出的努力，以及政府应该怎样促进5G的发展。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“They have a growing responsibility to streamline the permitting process, change fee structures, and minimize regulator hurdles in order lo enable greater 5G implementation.”（为了使5G能够更好的实施，他们在简化审批程序、更改收费结构、减少管理障碍方面的责任越来越大）可知，政府应该做的是满足5G的应用需求。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“Business and civic leaders play a decisive role in this process, helping to drive smart city initiatives and ensuring that key infrastructure (基础设施)elements are in place.”（商业和城市的领导在整个过程中起着决定性的作用，帮助推动智能城市发展并确保基础设施到位）可知，领导人的推动在5G的落实中起着重要作用。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“The time is right for urban leaders and business executives (执行官)to work together toward making smart cities a reality.”（是时候让城市领导者和企业主管们共同努力来让智能城市成为现实）可知，在城市中使用5G的目标是为了建立智能城市。故选A。
29．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者一直在叙述5G能给城市带来的好处，各方面所作出的努力，以及政府应该怎样促进5G的发展可知，作者对5G的落实是积极乐观的；A.Negative.否定的，消极的；B.Doubtful.怀疑的；C.Uncaring.不在乎的；D.Positive.积极乐观的。故选D。
Passage 7 （2021·浙江高三一模）
“We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds… Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I’m convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science festival in Norway in 2017, a year before his death.
Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize(移民于) other planets. That way, if a terrible disease, nuclear war or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a chance. Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there. “Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013.
But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars. One of the biggest dangers there is deadly radiation that ruins the planet.
Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid(小行星) strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.
In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. Human visitors may destroy this life or permanently change or damage the Martian environment. Some feel that’s too much of a risk to take.
30．Why did the author mention NASA, the United Arab Emirates, SpaceX and Mars One?
A．To stress the risk of dying out on Earth. B．To provide evidence for Hawking’s theory.
C．To show growing intention of moving to Mars. D．To explain the advanced technology in astronomy.
31．What can we learn from the passage?
A．It is costly and risky to colonize Mars. B．Civilization is difficult to maintain on Earth.
C．Poverty is the most urgent problem to handle. D．All the time and money should be spent on Earth.
32．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” mean in the last paragraph?
A．not steady to keep. B．not fit to live on.
C．not easy to approach. D．not safe to set foot on.
33．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Mars, Our Future Planet. B．Moving to A New Planet.
C．Should We Colonize Mars? D．Stay Home or Outer Space?
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有些专家认为为了人类和人类文明的延续，人类应该离开地球，移民去其他星球，尤其是去火星。而一些人认为这样的计划不仅昂贵而且危险，甚至还会破会火星的生态。
30．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星)”以 及“Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there .(火星是最吸引人的目的地之一。NASA, United Arab Emirates, SpaceX 以及Mars One 都有把人送往火星的计划)，可知，这么多机构都计划着让人类移民火星，也就是表明了不断增长的移民火星的意图，故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. (反对去火星的最常见的理由是去那太贵，太危险了)”可知，移民去火星太贵太有风险了，故选A。
32．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. (火星似乎uninhabited，但是它可能给微生物提供生存之地)”可知，“but”后表明火星可以提供给微生物生存之地，难么“but”前说明火星可能无法提供生存的地方，也就是火星可能是不适合生存或居住的，故选B。
33．主旨大意题。文章第一段Stephen Hawking的话中“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. (探索外界可能是拯救我们自身的唯一途径)”，引出话题，我们可能需要去其他星球来拯救我们自己。文章第二段中“Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. (许多专家认为，人类要想在未来生存下去，唯一的办法就是移民其他行星) ”表明很多专家支持移民火星的计划。文章第三段中“But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. (但并不是每个人都同意，向火星或其他任何行星移民是一个伟大的计划)”，紧接着在第三段和第四段分析了移民火星的代价和危害，综合这些段落可知，整篇文章就是讲了我们是不是要移民火星，选项C“Should We Colonize Mars?”我们应该移民火星吗？符合要求，故选C。
Passage 8 （2021·陕西西安市·西安中学高三二模）
Honeybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings to produce little waves and slide toward land—like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.
As with many scientific advances－Isaac Newton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt—Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.
Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect local Pasadena honeybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.
The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs for propulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they predicted.
Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.
34．What does the author intend to show by mentioning Newton and Franklin?
A．Roh’s admiration for them. B．Roh’s chance discovery about bees.
C．Their outstanding talent for science. D．Their similar achievements in discovery.
35．What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?
A．The air weight. B．Its leg extension.
C．The water movement. D．Its continuous wingbeat.
36．What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Fast flight. B．Driving force. C．Pulling speed. D．Explosive power.
37．According to the last Paragraph, which of the following isn’t the practical applications for bees’ surfing?
A．designing robots with the ability to travel across both sky and sea.
B．Rescuing ships or saving sailors trapped in the ocean.
C．Acquiring knowledge of moving samples of the surface of the ocean.
D．Making helicopters in the shape of bees.
38．What does the text mainly tell us?
A．Honeybees can surf to safety. B．Bees help scientists make inventions.
C．Insects can adapt to the environment. D．Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。加州理工学院的Chris Roh和其他研究人员发现，当蜜蜂掉进水里时，它们可以用翅膀产生小波浪，然后像会创造并驾驭自己的波浪的冲浪者一样滑向陆地。文章主要介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及蜜蜂冲浪行为可以带来的一些实际应用。
34．推理判断题。根据第二段“As with many scientific advances－Isaac Newton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt—Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.(与许多科学进步一样——牛顿的苹果或本杰明·富兰克林的闪电——Roh博士的实验是从散步开始的。2016年路过加州理工学院的米利坎池塘时，他观察到一只蜜蜂在水面上产生了波浪。他想知道一种以飞行著称的昆虫是如何自己在水中推进的)”可推知，作者提及牛顿和富兰克林是想表明Roh关于蜜蜂的偶然发现。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. (但当蜜蜂的翅膀快速上下移动时，这种重量有助于推动蜜蜂前进)”可知，蜜蜂在水中前进的过程中，持续拍打翅膀起着最重要的作用。故选D。
36．词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs for”以及后文“which is known as water-walking (这被称为水上行走)”可知，研究人员说，在其他昆虫身上还没有记录到这种像冲浪一样的运动，大多数半水生昆虫用它们的腿作为在水上的推进力，这被称为水上行走。故画线词意思是“推动力”。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said. (Roh博士和Gharib博士设想了蜜蜂冲浪的许多实际应用。一项计划是利用他们的观察来设计能够穿越天空和海洋的机器人。“如果无法派出船只或直升机，这可能对搜索和救援，或对获取海洋表面样本很有用，”Gharib说)”可推知，D选项“制造蜜蜂形状的直升机”不是蜜蜂冲浪的实际应用。故选D。
38．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings to produce little waves and slide toward land—like surfers who create and then ride their own waves. (但加州理工学院的Chris Roh和其他研究人员发现，当蜜蜂掉进水里时，它们可以用翅膀产生小波浪，然后像会创造并驾驭自己的波浪的冲浪者一样滑向陆地)”结合文章主要介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及蜜蜂冲浪行为可以带来的一些实际应用。可知，文章主要告诉我们蜜蜂可以冲浪到安全的地方。故选A。
Passage 9（2021·全国高三月考）
In recent years, teenagers like Greta Thunberg have taken the world by storm, speaking out for what they believe in and proving that young people can change the world.
A new non-profit program named Rise has been created by ex-Google CEO Eric Schmidt and his wife Wendy, in association with Rhodes Trust. Their aim is to identify 15 to 17-year-olds from around the globe and give them opportunities and resources to help them improve the world. Rise is looking for teenagers with brilliance, integrity （正直诚实），sympathy, determination, and ambition."
To apply, participants have to download an app called Hello World - Rise. For the next eight months, participants will upload videos of themselves and work on the Rise Challenge, a two-month project on anything they are passionate about. This can range from starting a business to conducting scientific research. Five hundred finalists will be selected for an interview and 100 of these young people will be declared winners by summer 2021!
The 100 winners will get many benefits for the rest of their lives. They will get career guidance and financial aid for university and internships, as well as a chance to compete for funding for a social enterprise. Other benefits are a technology package and online courses. Winners will also take part in a residential summit where they will learn leadership and service, explore careers, and be a part of a global community of leaders.
The Rise team believes teenagers can be very effective agents of change. Do you want to make a difference too? If so, consider applying to Rise. But most importantly, remember that you can change the world from anywhere and at any age.
39．What's the goal of the program Rise?
A．To support teenagers in need. B．To transform the world thoroughly.
C．To offer teenagers a platform to communicate. D．To find youths capable to build a better world.
40．What qualities may contribute to teenagers being chosen by Rise?
A．Being brilliant and stubborn. B．Being strong-willed and ambitious.
C．Being honest and emotional. D．Being sympathetic and generous.
41．What's the third paragraph mainly about?
A．The means of applying to participate in the project.
B．The benefits participants will gain from the project.
C．The complete process of winners being selected.
D．The achievements participants must be reached in the project.
42．What's the purpose of the author writing the passage?
A．To introduce a non-profit program. B．To praise outstanding young people.
C．To explain why Rise prefers teenagers. D．To appeal to teenagers to join Rise.
【分析】
本文属于说明文。文章介绍了谷歌前首席执行官埃里克·施密特和妻子温迪与罗德信托公司合作创建的一个项目——Rise。他们的目标是在全球范围内寻找 15 到 17 岁的青少年，给他们机会和资源来帮助他们改善世界。同时呼吁年轻人加入 Rise，为改变世界作出贡献。
【详解】
39.细节理解题。根据第二段“Their aim is to identify 15 to 17-year olds from around the globe and give them opportunities and resources to help them improve the world. ”（他们的目标是在全球范围内寻找 15 到 17 岁的青少年，给他们机会和资源来帮助他们改善世界。）可知，这个项目的目标是找到合适年龄的青少年改善世界。选项D与文意一致，故选D。
40.细节理解题。根据前二段“ Rise is looking for teenagers with brilliance, integrity （正直诚实），sympathy, determination, and ambition.”（Rise要寻找的是“才华横溢、正直诚实、有同情心、意志坚定、有抱负”的青少年。） 可知，被选择的青少年必须是“才华横溢、正直诚实、有同情心、意志坚定、有抱负”的青少年。选项B与文意一致，故选B。
42.主旨大意题。根据第三段“To apply, participants have to download an app called Hello World - Rise. For the next eight months, participants will upload videos of themselves and work on the Rise Challenge, a two-month project on anything they are passionate about. This can range from starting a business to conducting scientific research. Five hundred finalists will be selected for an interview and 100 of these young people will be declared winners by summer 2021!”（要申请，参与者必须下载一个名为 Hello World - Rise的应用程序。在接下来的8个月里，参与者们将上传自己的视频，然后进行升级挑战，这是一个为期两个月的项目，涉及他们所热衷的任何事情。这可以从创业到进行科学研究。500名决赛选手将被选中进行面试，其中100名年轻人将在2021年夏天宣布获胜！）可知，这一段介绍了从申请到 100 名获胜者最终被选出的整个过程，选项C与文意一致，故选 C。
42.推理判断题。根据最后一段 “If so, consider applying to Rise. But most importantly, remember that you can change the world from anywhere and at any age.”（如果是这样，考虑申请Rise。但最重要的是，记住，你可以在任何地方，任何年龄，改变世界。）可知，作者写作此文的目的在于呼吁年轻人加入 Rise，为改变世界作出贡献，选项D与文意一致，故选 D。
Passage 10（2021·全国高三月考）
While cities are known for being centers of culture and entertainment, small towns often have just as much to offer. The following are among the best small towns in the US.
ALASKA： Sitka
Population: 8, 493
Sitka is located on Baranof Island ,making it only accessible by plane or boat. Lying between mountains and the Pacific ocean, it gives residents splendid views and even incredible wildlife.
From whale watching to incredible hikes, Sitka has everything an adventure traveler needs within a small town setting.
COLORADO: Crested Butte
Population: 1,681
Crested Butte, situated in the Rocky Mountains, is known for its flowers. In fact, the town is called the “Wildflower Capital of Colorado," One of the town's most beautiful seasons is July, when it hosts the Wildflower Festival. The warmer months also offer 750 miles of biking trails and camping in the forest. In the winter, Crested Butte becomes a popular skiing destination.
LOUISIANA: St. Francisville
Population: 1,616
St. Francisville, Louisiana, is so peaceful and beautiful that it even made it to the big screen, becoming the set for movies like Tom Cruise's "Oblivion" and "The Maze Runner." You can also explore historic plantations alongside some of the most beautiful scenes. The Bluffs is another attraction in town for those who love golf
WISCONSIN: Stockholm
Population: 66
Lying along the Mississippi River, Stockholm, Wisconsin, has remained relatively untouched over the years. With just over 60 residents, Stockholm has no chain stores or restaurants in town. Its local businesses still attract travelers, though, especially its famous pie shop, Stockholm Pie and General Store. Owing to its location, the town was able to preserve its Swedish heritage.
43．Which is a perfect destination for adventurers?
A．ALASKA: Sitka. B．COLORADO: Crested Butte.
C．LOUISIANA: St. Francisville. D．WISCONSIN: Stockholm.
44．What do Crested Butte and St. Francisville have in common?
A．A long history. B．Demanding biking trails.
C．Beautiful scenes. D．Incredible wildlife.
45．What enables Stockholm to keep its original features?
A．Its small population. B．Its delicious pies.
C．Its responsible travelers. D．Its unique location.
【分析】
本文属于应用文。文章介绍了美国的四个小镇的地理位置及各自的特色。
43．细节理解题。根据ALASKA： Sitka 中“From whale watching to incredible hikes, Sitka has everything an adventure traveler needs within a small town setting.( 从观赏鲸鱼到难以置信的徒步旅行，Sitka拥有小镇环境中探险旅行者所需的一切。) ”可知，Sitka 有各种各样的探险活动，是冒险家的理想目的地，故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据COLORADO: Crested Butte中 “One of the town's most beautiful seasons is July, when it hosts the Wildflower Festival.( 这个小镇最美丽的季节之一是七月，那时它会举办野花节。)”和LOUISIANA: St. Francisville中 “You can also explore historic plantations alongside some of the most beautiful scenes.( 你还可以探索历史悠久的种植园以及一些最美丽的景色。)”可知，这两个小镇都有着美丽的风景，故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据WISCONSIN: Stockholm中 “Lying along the Mississippi River, Stockholm, Wisconsin, has remained relatively untouched over the years.( 坐落在密西西比河沿岸的威斯康辛州的斯德哥尔摩，多年来一直保持着相对的原貌。)”和“Owing to its location, the town was able to preserve its Swedish heritage. (由于其地理位置，该镇得以保存其瑞典传统。)”,可知 Stockholm 之所以保留着原来的风貌，跟它独特的地理位置密不可分，故选D。
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