Unit 1（学生专用）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（人教版）

Unit 1 What’s the matter ?
Section A
1.患感冒
have a cold
2.胃痛
have a stomachache
3.喉咙痛
have a sore throat
4.背痛
have a sore back
5.躺下休息
lie down and rest
6.量体温
take one’s temperature
7.说得太多
talk too much
8.休息
take breaks / a break
9.下车
get off
10.拍X光片
get an X-ray
11.看见某人正在做..
see sb doing
12.反复考虑
think twice
13.期待某人去做某事
expect sb to do
14.使…惊讶的
to one’s surprise
15.同意做某事
agree to do sth
16.及时
in time
17.多亏,由于
thanks to
18.陷入困境;惹麻烦
get into trouble
Section B
1.休息几天
rest for a few days
2.把…放下；低下
put…down
3.告诉某人做某事
tell sb to do
4.告诉某人不要去做
tell sb not to do
5.做某事有问题/麻烦/困难
have problems/trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth
6.对…感兴趣
be interested in
7.习惯于做某事
be used to doing sth
8.过去常常做某事
used to do sth
9.冒险
take risks / a risk
10.由于/因为+n./pron.
because of
11.处于险境
in a dangerous situation
12.处于困境
in a difficult situation
13.用尽，耗光
run out (of)
14.准备/乐于做某事
be ready to do
15.切除
cut off
16.如此…以至于…
so…that…
17.以便于；为了
so that/in order that
18.离开；从..出来
get out of
19.做决定
make decisions/a decision
20.掌控，管理
be in control of
21….的重要性
the importance of…
22.放弃
give up
23.用绷带包扎
put a bandage on…
24.继续做某事
keep on doing
25.似乎/好像做某事
seem to do


要点精讲
1. What’s the matter?
What’s the matter意为“怎么了？出什么事了？”，常用来询问对方遇到什么麻烦或者有什么不顺心的事，后接with sb./sth.表示“某人/某物怎么了” 。可以表示“你怎么了？”的句子有：
(1) _____________________________________________
(2) _____________________________________________
(3) _____________________________________________
(4) _____________________________________________
(5) _____________________________________________
(6) _____________________________________________
2. stomachache用作名词，表示“胃疼、腹疼”，是一个复合名词，含有后缀ache的常见复合词还有
头痛 ______________；牙痛_________________；耳痛 ________________
3. have a sore throat，sore是形容词，意为“疼痛的，酸痛的”可作定语或表语。常见短语：
喉咙痛：_______________________ 后背痛：_______________________
4. (1) lie down 意为“躺下”
【拓展1】lie用作动词可以表示 “躺” 或者 “位于”，还可以表示 “撒谎”
例：__________________________________________ 她患重感冒正躺在床上。
__________________________________________ 北京位于中国的北部。
__________________________________________ 说谎是个坏习惯。
【拓展2】lie及lay一词多义
原形
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
lie（躺、位于）
lay
lain
lying
lie（撒谎）
lied
lied
lying
lay（放置、下蛋）
laid
laid
laying
（2）rest用作动词，表示“休息”。 常用的短语为 “休息”：_______________________
5. maybe 作副词，表示“可能、也许”，常常放在句首，相当于perhaps，可以与may be相互转换
例：__________________________ = __________________________ 他可能是个外国人。
6. need 作动词时，不仅可以作情态动词，还可以作实义动词，作情态动词时，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，后接名词或者动词不定式（to do）作宾语。
You needn’t go to the meeting too early. 判断划线词性（ ）A.情态动词；B.实义动词
We need three more workers. 判断划线词性（ ）A.情态动词；B.实义动词
He doesn’t need to worry too much. 判断划线词性（ ）A.情态动词；B.实义动词
7. without 用作介词，表示“无、没有”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，反义词是with。
They left ___________ (with) saying goodbye. （用所给词的正确形式填空）
We can’t live __________(with) air and water. （用所给词的正确形式填空）
8. 含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句，可遵循三条原则：
(1) 主将从现：即主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。
(2) 主将从现：即主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时态。
(3) 主将从现：即主句含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时态。
例：__________________________________________ 如果明天下雨，我将不会去公园。
__________________________________________ 如果明天不下雨，我们会去野餐。
__________________________________________
如果你不擅长英语，你可以向老师寻求帮助。
9. (1) see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，强调所看到的动作正在进行。
例：__________________________________________ 昨天六点钟我看见她正在公园里跳舞。
(2) see sb do sth 看到某人做了或经常做某事。
例：__________________________________________ 我经常看到她在公园里跳舞。
10. think twice意为“再三考虑、权衡利弊”。
【拓展】think的相关短语
think about 思考、考虑 think of 想起、认为 think over 仔细考虑
11. (1) get off意为“下车”，反义词是get on“上车”
(2) happen表示“发生”的时候，作不及物动词常用的结构为：sth. happens to sb.“某人发生了某事”
12. have to 表示“必须、不得不”，强调客观上的必须，must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必须。
例：__________________________________________ 我们得步行回家，因为汽车坏了。
__________________________________________ 我们必须努力学习。
13.（1）expect的常见用法：
① expect to do sth. 期待做某事
例：__________________________________________ 粉丝们期待着见到这位足球明星。
② expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事
例：__________________________________________ 他期望他的儿子能顺利通过考试。
(2) wait的常见用法：
① wait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事”
例：__________________________________________ 我们正在等考试结果。
② wait to do sth.“等待做某事”
例：__________________________________________ 所有的乘客都在等上车。
③ can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”
例：__________________________________________
下课后孩子们迫不及待地冲出教室。
14. agree
① agree with sb. 同意某人
② agree to sth. 同意某事
③ agree on sth. 在某事上达成一致意见
④ agree to do sth. 同意做某事
15. (1) thanks to表示“多亏、由于”，后接名词或代词，作原因状语，相当于because of
（2）in time “及时”强调正好赶上事先约定的时间，没有迟到。
【拓展】on time “按时”指按计划做某事，强调不迟到，不早不晚。
16. (1) “It is+形容词+that从句”，句中的it作形式主语，代替真正的主语that从句。
例：It is important that we should protect the environment.
（2）other: 意为“别的、其它的”，常用来修饰可数名词。
the other: 表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；常与one连用，即：one…the other…（一个…另一个…）
the other + 复数n. = the others
another: 表示“三者中另一个”。
others: 用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物，剩下的一些”是复数概念。
the others: 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部），剩下的全部”。
例：______________________________________________ 我们学习语文、英语、数学和其他科目。
______________________________________________________
房间里有三个人。一个是女孩，另外两个是男孩。
______________________________________________________
我们班有五十五个学生。我们中有三十个是女孩，其余的是男孩。
__________________________________________ 你应该考虑其他人。
17. hit 表示“撞击、打击”，表示“打某人某个部位”时用“hit sb.+介词（on, in）+the+身体部位”，若打的部位较硬用on，打的部位较软用in。
例：__________________________________________ 那人打了那个小男孩的脸。
18. right away意为“立刻、马上”，相当于at once或者right now
19. have problems (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有问题/麻烦” = have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.
20. (1) as用作介词，表示“作为、身为”。
(2) 辨析： used to do sth；be used to do sth； be /get used to doing sth
used to do sth.
过去常常做某事
记忆口诀：used to do 常常做
be used to do 被用做
be used to doing 习惯做
be used to do sth.
被用来做某事
be /get used to doing sth.
习惯于做某事
例：__________________________________________ 那个男孩过去常玩电脑游戏。
__________________________________________ 越来越多的木头被用来造纸。
__________________________________________ 他父亲习惯睡前看电视。
（3）risk表示“冒险”，作名词时，take a risk“冒险”；作动词时，后接动名词作宾语。
21. because of 意为“因为，由于”，后跟名词短语。
例：We can’t go out because it rains heavily. = We can’t go out because of the heavy rain.
因为大雨我们不能出去。
22. run out 意为“用尽、用完”，后接宾语时，需要加上介词of。
例：__________________________________________ 他们的钱用完了。
23. ① be/get ready for sth.“为……做准备” ② be/get ready to do sth.“准备做某事、乐意做某事”
24. (1) so that引导目的状语从句，用以说明主句动作的目的，可以与in order that互换，从句经常会出现表示“能够的情态动词”，如can, could, may, might, will, would等。
例：__________________________________________
我们很早就出发了，以便赶上第一班火车。
__________________________________________
他努力学习以便将来能找到一份好工作。
__________________________________________ 我们用电脑是为了节省时间。
(2) too much用来修饰不可数名词，much too用来修饰形容词或者副词。
25. seem用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem + adj./to be/that + 句子
例：__________________________________________ 这个故事似乎是真的。
__________________________________________ 他说的似乎是个谎言。
__________________________________________ 看来他们整个周末都要工作。
26. (1) make a decision或make decisions表示“做出决定”。
(2) in control of意为“控制、管理”。
(3) the importance of sth/doing sth. （做）某事的重要性
27.（1）由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。
结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。
例：__________________________________________ 他高兴得以至于一句话也说不出来。
（2）keep on doing sth. 意为“继续做某事”，强调继续或者重复做某事。
28. ① mind doing sth. 介意做某事 ② mind sb’s/sb doing sth. 介意某人做某事
29. give up表示“放弃”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。
例：__________________________________________ 不要轻易放弃你的梦想。
He has given up playing computer games. 他已经放弃玩电脑游戏了。
语法讲解
（一） should和shouldn't表示建议
1． should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定式为shouldn’t，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。
例：你应该喝加有蜂蜜的热水。 __________________________________________
他应该把头往后仰 __________________________________________
你不应该看电视。 __________________________________________
2． should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。
例：我们应该告诉她这件事吗？ __________________________________________
【拓展】在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，主要结构有：
① Would you like (to do) sth．？你想要／愿意（做）某事吗？
例：你想要和我一起打篮球吗？ __________________________________________
② Shall I/we do sth ?我／我们做…好吗？
例：明天我们去动物园，好吗？ __________________________________________
③ Why not do sth ?为什么不呢？
例：为什么不给她量下体温呢？ __________________________________________
④ How/What about doing sth ? 做某事怎么样？
例：去游泳怎么样？ __________________________________________
⑤ Let’s do sth让我们做吧。
例：咱们回家吧。 __________________________________________
⑥ You’d better (not) do sth你最好（不）要做某事。
例：你最好不要独自去那儿。 __________________________________________.
（二） 反身代词
1．反身代词可以用作一些动词(短语)或介词的宾语，此时，句子的主语和宾语必须是同一个人或物
例：__________________________________________ 我们必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。
__________________________________________ 她经常为自己买漂亮的衣服。
__________________________________________ 别过多地为自己考虑!
2．反身代词在句中还可以用作主语或宾语的同位语，用来加强语气，表示“亲自、本人、本身”等意思。但反身代词在句中不能单独作主语。
例：__________________________________________ 我不需要帮助，我自己能做。
If you want to know more，you may ask Miss White herself．
如果你想了解更多情况，你可以问一问怀特小姐本人。
3. 反身代词在句中还可以用作连系动词的表语。
例：The little boy in the photo was himself． 照片中的那个小男孩就是他自己。
反身代词构成的固定表达：
by oneself 独自，凭自己，相当于alone；
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 = have fun或have a good time
help oneself to… 随便吃或喝点……，随便用……
keep…to oneself 不将某事说出去
say to oneself 自言自语

单数：myself yourself itself himself herself
复数：ourselves yourselves themselves




（三） have表示“患病、遭受（病痛）”
(1) 询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达
What’s the matter (with sb.)? （某人）怎么了？
What’s wrong (with sb.)? （某人）怎么了？
What’s the trouble (with sb.)?（某人）出什么事了？
What happened (to sb.)? （某人）发生了什么事？
Is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有什么事吗？
Are you OK? 你没事吧？








(2) 表达身体疼痛或不舒服
某人 + have/has/had + 病症.
例: __________________________________________ 她昨晚肚子痛。
某人 + have/has + a + sore + 发病部位．
例: __________________________________________ 他喉咙痛。
某人 + hurt(s) + 身体部位或反身代词．
例: __________________________________________ 他的腿受伤了。
某部位 + hurt(s).
例: __________________________________________ 我头痛得厉害。
某人 + have/has + a pain + in one’s + 身体部位.
例: __________________________________________ 我胸口痛。
(There is) something wrong with one’s + 身体部位.
例: __________________________________________ 我的右眼有毛病。
















一.词汇
1. —What’s the m_________ with you, young man?
—I have a bad cold.
2. I took my temperature and found that I had a high f_________ .
3. We are tired. So we are going to l_________ down and have a rest.
4. —I have a t_________ and I can’t eat any food.
—Maybe you should see a dentist.
5. He got into t_________ and needed help. So he asked the teacher for help.
二. 单选
( )6. The lady took______ X-ray and she showed______ X-ray to the doctor.
A. a; the B.an; the C. a; a D. an; an
( )7. At the moment my mother______ me at the bus stop.
A. is waiting B. is waiting for C. waits D. waits for
( )8. You______drive your car so fast. It’s very dangerous.
A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mightn’t
( )9. I saw Li Ming______near the river on my way home.
A. plays B. playing C. to play D. played
( )10. Tom and Jerry enjoyed______playing computer games.
A. themselves B. herself C. ourselves D. himself
( )11. —I had a______.
—You’d better go to see a dentist.
A. headache B. toothache C. cold D. fever
( )12. It was very hard for me to make a______ , but I decided to leave my job.
A. suggestion B. decision C. plan D. speech
( )13. I didn’t______ my temperature, but I knew I had a fever.
A. give B. set C. take D. show
( )14. Lily and I agree ______the English club because we all like English.
A. join B. joining C. to join D. joined
( )15. Now I’m used______up early. Getting up early is a good habit.
A. get B. to getting C. getting D. to get
( )16. The doctor advised my father to______smoking.
A. get up B. stay up C. put up D. give up
( )17. There are so many people on the bus. I don’t think I can______it.
A. get out B. get together C. get on D. get away
( )18. —______ —I have a fever.
A. How are you doing? B. Are you all right?
C. What’s the matter with you? D. Do you have a fever?
( )19. You will have a wonderful time______you go to the party.
A. although B. while C. if D. because
( )20. The problem is______difficult that nobody can work it out.
A. such B. very C. so D. pretty
三. 完成句子
21. 他在骑车时伤到了自己。
He___________ ___________when he rode a bike.
22. — 怎么了？—我胃痛。
— the matter?
— I a stomachache.
23. 那位司机看到一位老人正躺在马路的一边。
The driver an old man on the side of the road.
24. — What’s wrong with you?
— I___________ ___________ ___________(发烧).
25. Why no___________ ___________(躺下) and have a rest?
26. We are___________ ___________(思考) how to make a model plane.
27. David (感冒) yesterday and he didn’t feel well.
28. You should_________________________________(看医生) at once.
29. They arrived at the railway station___________ ___________(及时).
四. 排序
I hurt myself playing soccer. I have a sore leg.
I think you should see a doctor and get an X-ray.
What’s the matter?
What should I do?
OK, thanks. I’ll do that now.
Oh, that doesn’t sound good.
五.完形填空
A tone ­ deaf (不能辨别音高的) teenager has surprised his family by suddenly being able to play music after suffering a concussion (脑震荡) .
Gordon, a high school student, now can play 13 instruments —___1___ he has never learned music.
As a small child, he loved sports, dreamed of playing lacrosse(长曲棍球)as a career, and had no__2____ in music.
“He really had no musical___3___,”his mother told the reporter. “When he played lacrosse with a local team in Grade Six, he___4___ backwards and knocked the back of his head___5___ the ground. ”
“I remember___6___ and then feeling dazed (神志不清的), ”he told the reporter. “I didn't really realize something___7___ had happened. ”
The doctors told him he could return to the___8___. He did so, but unluckily he went on to suffer___9___ couple of hard hits on the head, which sent him to the hospital again. After that, the doctors told him he couldn't play sports any more, but there was one good side effect：his newly found___10___.
“Now I can play many instruments, such as piano, guitar and violin. Music is the thing that gets me up in the morning, ”he said.
1. A. so B. and C. because D. though
2. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interestedly
3. A. problem B. difficulty C. instrument D. talent
4. A. falls B. felt C. fell D. was falling
5. A. above B. below C. along D. against
6. A. getting up B. giving up C. to get up D. to give up
7. A. good B. bad C. wonderful D. boring
8. A. classroom B. hospital C. concert D. field
9. A. another B. other C. the other D. others
10. A. hobby B. illness C. habit D. skill
六. 阅读理解
On Sunday it was sunny. More than ten people stood on the airport, waiting for the challenge for skydiving(特技跳伞运动). Suddenly, with the help of a guide dog, a blind man was coming with a parachute(降落伞n. ；跳伞v. ) on his back.
“Do you also come for the parachute training？” someone asked. “Yes！” the blind man answered in a loud voice. All the people looked at him in surprise. “I know. Do you think how a blind man can parachute？”the blind man said. “Yes, how can you parachute？” Seeing the blind man was so happy, they asked quickly.
“It's not difficult. I'll parachute like you. I am a blind man, but I can hear！When I hear the order for skydiving, I'll carry my guide dog to follow you one by one. The coach (教练) says, counting to 5 from the moment I jump down, I can open the parachute. And I know when to fall to the ground is the most dangerous moment in skydiving. But it's very easy for me. When my guide dog is afraid into crying loudly and the rope in my hand becomes light, I'll be ready for falling to the ground. ” said the blind man quickly.
After the challenge, the coach told everyone, “In this training, Robert gets the highest scoring. ” “Who's Robert？” They asked simultaneously.
“He！” the coach said，pointing at the young blind man.
1. What did the blind man come to the airport to do？
A. To watch the parachute training. B. To train his guide dog.
C. To join in the parachute training. D. To go travelling by plane.
2. How did all the people feel when the blind man wanted to parachute with them？
A. Happy. B. Surprised. C. Excited. D. Sad.
3. When will the man be ready for falling to the ground？
A. When he hears the order for skydiving.
B. When he carries his guide dog to follow one by one.
C. When the coach says he can open the parachute.
D. When his guide dog is afraid into crying loudly and the rope in his hand becomes light.
4. What does the word “simultaneously” mean in Chinese？
A. 大声喧哗地 B. 难以置信地 C. 不可否认地 D. 不约而同地
5. According to the passage，which of the following is NOT TRUE？
A. The coach knew Robert was the best trainer before the challenge.
B. The other people didn't believe Robert could parachute at first.
C. The blind man was a real man with great courage.
D. It's unbelievable that Robert did the best of all trainers.