2022年上海市中考英语核心词汇梳理及语法分类练习（word版含答案）

这是一份2022年上海市中考英语核心词汇梳理及语法分类练习（word版含答案），共15页。试卷主要包含了 able adj， abut prep， abve prep， abrad adv， acrss prep， active adj， affrd v， afraid adj等内容，欢迎下载使用。
上海中考英语核心词汇梳理及语法分类练习
A
1. able adj.有能力的；能干的
【短语】be able to能，会
用able的适当形式填空
1) I am sure Ben has the _____ to finish the work by himself.ability
2) He was so excited that he was _____ to say a word.unable
3) Excellent English _____ him to get the offer easily.enables
2. about prep.关于；对于：
【辨析】about与on：about 指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事, 其谈论的内容也较为普通；而 on 则指比较有系统地或理论性较强地论述某事，其论述的内容较正式或较为严肃。
1) It is said that about _____ students will take part in the English Contest this coming Friday.
A.five hundred B. five hundreds C. hundreds of D. five hundred of
2) about\on
① The class teacher was talking with my mother _____ my behavior in the classroom.about
② They are discussing _____ the date of holding the opening ceremony.on
3. above prep.在……上面：The lamp hangs above the bed. 灯挂在床的上方。
【辨析】above与over：两者都可表示“高于”，over 主要表示垂直方向的正上方，而 above 则不一定表示正上方(即可以是正上方也可以不是正上方)。
1) There is a bridge _____ the river.over
2) I saw the planes flying _____ the hills.above
4. abroad adv.到国外，在国外：
I want to study abroad in the future. 将来我想在国外学习。
His friends are going abroad on holiday. 他的朋友准备出国休假。
【辨析】abroad与aboard: abroad意为到国外；aboard意为登机、登船
1) 他和朋友准备出国休假。________________________________________________
He is going abroad on holiday with his friends.
2) 我们在船上过了两个月。____________________________________________
We spent two months aboard.
5. across prep.穿过，横穿：
Be careful across the road. 过马路要小心。
【注意】across 是介词，不是动词，与之意义相近的动词形式是 cross，注意不要混淆。
Be careful when you come _____ the street, because the traffic is very busy at the moment. If you are under five, you should _______ the street with an adult.
A. across, acrossB.across, cross C. cross, cross D. cross, across
6. active adj.积极的：
用active的适当形式填空
1) Harry is dreaming of being an _____ like Tom Cruise.actor
2) He always takes an active part in the class _____.(保持原意不变)activities
He _____ always _____ in the class _____.Is, active, activities
3) The government ought to take _____ to strengthen the economic growth.Action
7. afford v.有足够的(钱，时间)做某事：
Today many families can afford a car. 如今很多家庭买得起车。
I cannot afford the time to go to the market today. 今天我抽不出时间去市场了。
【用法】通常与 can, be able to 等连用；后接动词时要用不定式，不用动名词。
他家境比较贫寒，以至于负担不起他的大学费用。
_____________________________________________________________
His family was so poor that he couldn’t afford the college expenses.
8. afraid adj.害怕的：Most people are afraid of snake. 大多数人都怕蛇。
【短语】be afraid of害怕：He is afraid of nothing. 他什么都不怕。
【用法】是表语形容词，一般不能放在名词前作定语。
9. after prep.&conj.在……之后；在……后面
After he finished his homework, he went out to play basketball. (同义句转换)
_____ _____ his homework, he went out to play basketball.After finishing
10. agree v.同意，赞成：
I agree with you on that point. 在那一点上我同意你的观点。
【说明】后接动词要用不定式，不用动名词。
汤姆的言行不一致。_________________________________________
Tom’s words don’t agree with his actions.
他不同意采用我的建议。________________________________________
He didn’t agree to take my advice.
11. alive adj.活着的：
The fish is still alive. 鱼还是活的。
He is alone, but lucky to be alive. 他孤单一人，但所幸还活着。
【辨析】alive, living和live：三者均可表示“活着的”，alive 主要作表语，可用于人或动物。如：He must be still alive. 他一定还活着。living 可用作表语或定语，可用于人或物。Live做形容词应该用于live show“现场直播”。
If there is no sun, there will be no _____ things on the earth, that means nothing can be _____.
A. alive, livingB.living, alive C. living, live D. alive, live
12. allow v.允许，准许
Are we allowed to sit down.?能允许我们坐下吗？
【短语】allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事：
1) People are not allowed ____ in the cinema , but they will allow ____in the rest room.
A to smoke, smoke B smoking , to smoke
Cto smoke , smoking D smoking ,smoke
2) We mustn’t smoke in the office. (同义句转换)
We _____ _____ to smoke in the office.Aren’t allowed
We _____ _____ smoking in the office.Aren’t allowed
13. alone adv.独自，单独地; adj.单独的，独自的：
I want to talk with you alone. 我想和你单独谈谈。
I was alone in the house.房子里只有我一个人。
Though he lives _____, he never feels _____.
A. lonely, alone B. lonely, lonelyC.alone, lonely D. alone, alone
14. amaze v.使……大为惊讶，使惊愕
【短语】be amazed at / by对……感到惊讶
I was amazed at / by her calmness. 我对她的镇定感到吃惊。
他居然还活着使她感到惊异。__________________________________________________
She was amazed that he was still alive.
他驾驶考试合格使大家很惊奇。__________________________________________________
He amazed everyone by passing his driving test.
15. angry adj.发怒的，生气的：
He was so angry with his brother. 他很生弟弟的气。
【短语】be angry with sb对某人发脾气 be angry at / about sth 对某事生气：
1) 父母最好不要经常对孩子发脾气。______________________________________________
Parents had better not often be angry with children.
2) 他总是为一些事生气。________________________________________________
He is always getting angry about something.
3) He looked _____ when he saw his naughty son, so he shouted at him _____.Angry, angrily
To his great _____, only 15% students passed the examination. (angry)anger
16. another adj.&pron.另一个(的)；又一个(的)：
1) The manager believes prices will not rise by more than _____ four percent.
A. any other B. the other C.another D. other
2) There is something wrong with our old TV set. So we decide to buy _____ one.
A. the other B. the others C. others D.another
3) ---What does “refrigerator” mean?
---It’s _____ way of saying fridge. We call it fried for short.
A. other B. others C.another D. the others
17. any adj.什么；一些；任何的可与body， one， thing搭配构成不定代词
【用法】常用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。
1) The mountain is too high for _____ to get to the top of it in an hour.
A. everyone B. no one C. someone D.anyone
2) Are you going to make _____ for the food festival?
A.anything special B. special anything
C. something special D. special something
3) Don’t tell _____. It’s a secret between you and me.
A. someone else B. someone C.anyone else D. anyone
4) I want _____ to read, _____ will do.
A.something, anything B. anything, anything
C. something, something D. anything, something
18. appear v.出现，露面
用appear的适当形式填空
1) The thief ran away and _____ in the darkness.disappeared
19. arrive v.到达，抵达某地
【辨析】arrive, get 和reach：三者均可表示“到达”，区别如下：arrive 和 get均不可直接接宾语，但可接 here, there, home 之类的表地点的副词作状语。reach可直接跟地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)。
1) Has the train from Tibet _____? I am looking forward to meeting my old friends.
A.arrived B. reached C. got to D. arrived in
2) What’s the departure and _____ time of the next train? (arrive)arrival
20. as conj.按照，如同；因为，由于
1)作为一名好老师，他很关心自己的学生。_________________________________________________________
As a good teacher, he cares about his students very much.
2) 我没有去看那部电影，因为我认为它不够吸引人。
_________________________________________________________
I didn’t watch the film, as I thought it wasn’t attractive.
3) 虽然雨下得很大，但我还是像平常一样去上学。
_________________________________________________________
It is raining heavily but I go to school as usual.
4) Jean works hard but she doesn’t work _____ Mary.
A. as harder than B. as hard than C. as harder asD.as hard as
5) Ten years ago the population of our village was _____ that of theirs.
A. as twice large asB.twice as large as
C. twice as much as D. as twice much as
21. asleep, sleeping, sleepy
1) As soon as he went to bed, he fell _____.asleep
2) It’s necessary for you to take a _____ bag when you want to go for a picnic.sleeping
3) I felt so _____ that I couldn’t make my eyes open any more.sleepy
22. at prep.在
口头说出下列的短语
at all (用于否定句)一点也不 at least 至少，起码
at midnight 在半夜 at night 在晚上，在夜里
at school 在学校 at sea 在大海上
at the age of 在……岁时 at the beginning of 开始；……起初
at the end of 在……结尾，到……尽头 at the moment 此刻
at the same time 同时
23. attack v.攻击，袭击attract v.吸引
Three men attacked him and stole his money. 三个人袭击了他，抢走了他的钱。
The film star attracts many fans. 这位电影明星吸引了大群的影迷。
1) The 2010 World Expo _____ a large number of visitors all over the world.attracted
2) The film is so _____ that I can’t help seeing it again and again.attractive
3) The soldiers _____ quietly the Japanese and achieve the success of this battle.attacked
B
1. bad(worse, worst)adj.坏的，严重的
1) It looks like the weather is changing for ____, shall we stick to our plan?
A. the worseB.worse C. the worst D. worst
2) The air is polluted and our health is getting ______ ______ and _____.
A. seriously, bad, worse B. serious, badly, worse
C.seriously, worse, worse D. serious, worse, worse
3) Rose caught a _____ cold and has been ____ ill for days.
A. bad, badB.bad, badly C. badly, bad D. badly, badly
2. beat(beat, beaten)v.打败；敲打
Finally, the Tiger Team _____ the Bear Team.
A. hit B. won C.beat D. defeated
3. beautiful adj.美丽的，漂亮的
We are all amazed at the _____ of nature. (beautiful)beauty
4. because conj.因为
We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining. (同义句转换)
We didn’t go out for a walk _____ _____ _____ _____ ______.because of the heavy rain
5. before prep.在……之前
1) 在父亲回来之前我已经做完了作业。
___________________________________________________________
I had finished my homework before my father came back.
6. beside prep.在……旁边besides prep.除了
Our school is beside the river. 我们学校在江边。
Come and sit beside me. 过来，坐在我身边。
1) We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A.except B. beside C. except for D. besides
2) The movie was good _____ the ending.
A. beside B. except C.except for D. besides
3) I visited the temple at the top of the hill. There were three more visitors _____ me.
A. beside B. except for C. except D.besides
7. best adj.最好的
【短语】do one’s best 尽力：You must do your best. 你必须全力以赴。
best-seller n.畅销货(书)：The best-seller at the bookshop is Harley English. 书店里的畅销书是哈利英语。
1) All of us are proud of the great changes in Shanghai. We’re sure Shanghai will be even _____ tomorrow.
A. good B.better C. best D. the best
2) In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the farther we go, _____.
A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better
C.the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be
8. blind adj.瞎的，盲的
1) The _____ should be respected in our society. blind
9. both adj.两者
1) There are a lot of tall buildings on _____ sides of Huangpu River.
A. Either B.both C. neither D. every
2) _____ Jack _____ Mary have seen the movie, so they don’t want to see it any more.
A. Neither, nor B. Either, or C. Not only, but also D.Both, and
10. bring(brought, brought)v.带来，拿来 (辨析bring，take，fetch)
1) It’s raining heavily outside. Remember to _____ the raincoat to him when you go there.
A. bring B.take C. carry D. fetch
2) I forgot to take my exercise book and had to go and _____ it.
A. carry B. fetch C. take D. bring
3) ---I’m sorry I left my exercise book at home.
---Don’t _____ it to school tomorrow, please.
A. forget to take B. left to bring C.forget to bring D. left to take
11. busy adj.忙的，繁忙的
【短语】be busy doing 忙着做……：
1) 她整天都忙于学习但一点效果也没有。_________________________________________
She is busy studying all day long but it is not useful for her.
2) She is busy _______ (do) ______ (busy) with foreigner, for she wants to be a ______ (busy).doing, business, businesswoman
12. but conj.而是；但是：
【短语】not only…but also… 不仅……而且……：He can speak not only English but also French. 他不但会讲英语还会讲法语。
Not only my parents but also I _____ interested in the Talent Show, so we almost watch the program every week.
A. are B. isC.am D. be
13. buy(bought, bought)v.买：He bought a birthday gift for his mother.他为妈妈买了份生日礼物。
【语法大练兵】
初中英语分类练习
——名词部分
一. 写出下列名词的复数形式：
1. exercise ___________ 2. brush __________ 3. box ___________
4. baby __________ 5. class __________ 6. German __________
7. tomato _________ 8. Chinese __________ 9. American __________
10. life ___________ 11. tooth __________ 12. knife __________
13. sheep _________ 14. half _________ 15. child __________
二. 选择填空：
1. Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ________.
A. two orange B. two bottle of oranges
C. two bottles of orange D. two bottles of oranges
2. They don’t have to do _______ today.
A. much homework B. many homeworks
C. many homework D. much homeworks
3. June 1 is _______.
A. children’s day B. children’s Day C. Children’s Day D. Children’s day
4. ______ room is next to their parents’.
A. Kate’s and Joan’s B. Kate’s and Joan C. Kate and Joan’s D. Kate and Joan
5. Miss Green is a friend of _______.
A. Mary’s mother’s B. Mary’s mother C. Mary mother’s D. mother’s of Mary
6. Tom is ______. He will come to see me.
A. my a friend B. a friend C. mine friend D. a friend of mine
7. He bought _______.
A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe
8. Beijing is one of the biggest _______ in the world.
A. citys B. city C. cityes D. cities
9. Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _______ to his office.
A. 20 minutes’ walks B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
10. Here are ______ for you, Sue.
A. Potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato
11. I met some ______ in the park and talked with them the other day.
A. Janpaneses B. American C. Chineses D. English
12. They took a lot of _______ in the children’s park.
A. photo B. photoes C. photos D. the photo
13. There are more ______ in this hospital than in that one.
A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women’s doctor D. women doctors
14. Two ___ and five _______ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.
A. German, English B. Germans, Englishes
C. Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishmen
15. Don’t hurry! We still have _______ time left.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
16. These mountains will be covered with tree in ______ .
A. a few year’s time B. a few years’ time
C. a few year’s times D. a few years’ times
17. This is an interesting _______.
A. news   B. information C. work D. job
18. It’s _______ walk from my home to our school.
A. two minutes’ B. two minute’s C. two minutes D. two-minutes’
19. --- Where is Tom? --- He’s left a ______ saying that he has something important to do.
A. Excuse B. message C. exercise D. news
20. We went to Dr. Brown's yesterday. He gave us_____.
A. some advice B. advices C. an advice D. some advices
21. What _____! Let's go swimming.
A. a fine weather B. fine day C. a fine day D. bad weather
22. You have made ______. You should be more careful.
A. a lot of mistake B. a great deal of mistakes
C. a large number of mistakes D. few mistakes
23. One of his fingers was wounded. What about _____.
A. the other B. another C. others D. the others
24. There’s an English book in _____ of his hands, and he also has a dictionary in his _____ hand.
A. one, other B. one, another C. one, the other D. another, second
初中英语分类练习
——数词部分
Choose the best answer
1. A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.
A. ten-year old B. ten years old C. ten-year-old D. fifth years old
2. The street is ________ wide.
A. two meters B. two-meter C. two meters’ D. a two meter
3. Which number is wrong? _______.
A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth
4. The old professor still works hard though he is _________.
A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty
5. Our school is not very big. There are only ________ students.
A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of
6. ----How many new words are there in ________ lesson?
----There are only _________.
A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five
7. ________, Coca-Cola began to enter China’s market.
A. In 1970’s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s’ D. In the 1970s
8. There was no bus in that small town. We had a ________.
A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten mile’s walk D. tenth mile walk
9. It took me ________ to get there.
A. two hours and a half B. two hours and half
C. two hour and a half D. two hour and half
10. There are ________ stars in the sky.
A. million of B. millions of C. the million D. a million of
初中英语分类练习
——冠词部分
Choose the best answer
1. _______ live in Room 208.
A. The Green B. Green C. The Greens D. Greens
2. She can play _______ piano, but she can’t play _______ football.
A. the, the B. the, / C. /, the D. a, a
3. There is _______ “s” in the word “six” and _______ “s” is the first letter of the word.
A. a, the B. a, an C. an, the D. a, a
4. My uncle told me he was going to visit _______.
A. the United State B. The United States C. United States D. United State
5. _______ fine weather we have today! Let’s go swimming.
A. What a B. How C. What D. How a
6. I saw _______ old man walking across the street and _______ old man looked worried.
A. an, an B. the, the C. an, the D. the, an
7. _______ time we had at the party!
A. What wonderful B. What a wonderful
C. How wonderful D. How a wonderful
8. Little Tom looked at the big shark _______.
A. in the surprise B. in surprised C. in surprise D. at a surprise
9. Take the medicine three times _______ day.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
10. Lucy takes _______ walk after supper every day.
A. The B. a C. / D. an
11. There is _______ 800-metre-long bridge over the river.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
12. The old man was ill in _______ hospital.
A. the B. / C. a D. an
Reading Comprehension
Passage 1
Different things usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate（使发生联系） red with a strong feeling like a1. Red is used for signs of d__2__, such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of leaves in autumn. People say orange is a lively color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the color of sunlight. People say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in s__3__. People say it is a refreshing color. In general, people talk a__4__two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and yellow. Where there are warm color and a lot of light, people usually want to be active. Those who like to be with o__5 _like red. The cool colors are black and blue. Where are these colors, people are usually worried. Some scientists say that time seems to go by more slowly in a room with warm colors. They s__6 _that a warm color is a good way for a living room or a restaurant. People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. Cool colors are better for some offices if the people w__7 _there want time to pass quickly.
1. anger 2. Danger 3. Spring 4. About 5. Others 6. Suggest 7. Working
Passage 2
Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me __1 _a question. But many times I have asked myself. I have come up with a whole variety of reasons. The most important reason is that I want to be a better man.
Many things make human beings different __2__ or better than or even superior to animals.
One of the most important things is __3__. If I fail to receive higher education, my education __4__. As I want to be a fully developed man, I must get a well-rounded education, which good colleges and universities are supposed to __5__. I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are __6__ the best places to teach me how to educate myself. Only when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and __7__fit into society.
1. A. quite B. so C.such D. another
2. A. to B. around C. between D.from
3.A.education B. weather C. temperature D. science
4. A. finished B. don’t finish C.will not finish D. has finished
5. A. improve B. graduate C. hear D.provide
6. A. between B.among C. inside D. outside
7. A. can good B. may better C.be able to better D. be able to best
Passage 3
Think of life as a game in which you are playing with five balls in the air. You name them work, family, health, friends and spirit (精神) and you keep all of them in the air. You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce (弹跳) back.
But the other four balls, family, health, friends and spirit, are made of glass. If you drop one of these, they will be broken. They will never be the same. You must understand that and try to have balance in your life. How?
Don’t look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are different and each of us is special.
Don’t let other people set goals for you. Only you know what is best for yourself.
Don’t give up when you still have something to give.Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.
Don’t be afraid of difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave.
Don’t shut love out of your life by saying it’s impossible. The quickest way to receive love is to give it; the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly; the best way to keep love is to give it wings.
Don’t run through life so fast that you forget not only where you’ve been, but also where you are going.
Don’t be afraid to learn. Knowledge is a treasure (珍宝) you can always carry easily.
Don’t use time or words carelessly. You can’t get them back. Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery (秘密), and today is a gift; that’s why we call it “the present”. Life is not a competition, but a trip, step by step.
1. The balls of friends, family, health, and spirit are made of __________.
A. glass B. silk C. cotton D. rubber
2. The passage tells us not to _________ because everyone is special.
A. be afraid of difficulties
B. be afraid to learn
C. run through life so fast
D. compare yourself with others to look down on your worth
3. The sentence “Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.” means that __________.
A. Nothing is possible
B. If we don’t give up, there is always hope
C. You should learn to give up
D. Although you try, nothing will change.
4. Why we can’t use time carelessly? ___________
A. Because time is too expensive. B. Because time never returns.
C. Because we are too poor. D. Because times will get back.
5. If you run through life so fast, you will ____________.
A. lose your own treasure that you can always carry easily
B. lose love by holding it too tightly
C. forget not only where you’ve been, but also where you are going.
D. not afraid of the difficulties
6. The best way to keep love is to ___________.
A. say it’s impossible B. give it
C. give it wings D. hold it tightly
7. According to the passage, which is the best title? ___________
A. Nothing is impossible. B. Glass balls are easy to be broken.
C. Things you can’t do. D. Treat your life in a right way.
1. A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.D