2022年福建省厦门市高考英语第二次质检试卷

这是一份2022年福建省厦门市高考英语第二次质检试卷，共21页。试卷主要包含了可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，【答案】D、B、D、A，【答案】B、A、C、C，【答案】A、C、C、D，【答案】Para 1等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Which f the fllwing highlights Letter 1？ ______
A. We Fund a Fix.
B. Dealing with Dry Eye.
C. Run Over by a Speedbat.
D. S Nice Yu Have t Read It Twice.
Wh frgave the driver after an accident？ ______
A. Annette Wlfe.B. Pam Snellgrve.
C. Carter Viss.D. Leander Jnes.
What d these fur letters have in cmmn？ ______
A. They are ntes n past issues.
B. They give advice n hw t read.
C. They are remarks n human virtues.
D. They ffer infrmatin abut health.
B
I live in Xizhu in Yunnan Prvince,n the histric Tea Hrse Rad.I have t admit that when I first heard that Paul Salpek was ging t walk the entire glbe n his wn tw feet,I was blwn away.I culdn't imagine that there culd be such an unusual persn in the wrld.
Last May,I met Paul.He tld me that it was his first time in China.He talked t me with great excitement abut the histry,migratins,and discveries in my regin f China.He spke f the Shu-Yandu Da （the Suthern Silk Rad），the travels f the 17th-century Chinese explrer Xu Xiake,the Tea Hrse Rad and the early 20th-century American btanist Jseph Rck.He als talked f Xuanzang.Paul cnsidered many f them heres and in a sense Chinese pineers f slw jurnalism.
I decided t accmpany Paul n his walk tward Yunnan.On September 28，2021，we set ut.Our days were simple：walk,eat,sleep,and repeat.We wke up at sunrise,set ff in high spirits,and rested at sunset,dragging urselves int exhausted sleep.
We met many peple n the rad.Sme were curius,surrunding us and watching us；sme gave us directins；sme invited us int their hme t take a rest；sme spke f the charm f their hmetwn.We met many beautiful suls,simple suls and warm suls.We were walking with ur minds.
Tgether,we were impressed by the bidiversity f the Galigng Muntains.As I walked n ancient paths thrugh muntains,I seemed t hear the antique vices f past travelers urging me t be careful n the rad.
Lking back n the mre than 200 miles I walked with Paul,I came t a realizatin.Walking fr its wn sake,while healthy and admirable,is nly a small part f the benefit f mving with ur feet.A deeper reward is rediscvering the wrld arund us,shrtening the distance between each ther,and sharing each ther's cultures.
Hw did the writer first respnd t Paul's travel plan？ ______
A. Scared.B. Puzzled.C. Disappinted.D. Surprised.
What can we learn abut Paul Salpek frm paragraph 2？ ______
A. He was a western jurnalist.
B. He had a knwledge f China.
C. He came t China several times.
D. He was Jseph Rck's acquaintance.
What des paragraph 4 tell us abut the writer and Paul？ ______
A. They hnred the ancestrs.
B. They set ff in high spirits.
C. They satisfied the lcals' curisity.
D. They built bnds with peple.
What is the main purpse f the writer's writing the text？ ______
A. T share and reflect n a jurney.
B. T suggest a new way f travel.
C. T advcate prtectin f bidiversity.
D. T intrduce and prmte Chinese culture.
C
Time znes were created by railrad fficials t deal with a majr headache.It was becming impssible t knw what time it was.At that time each twn r city in the US kept its wn slar time." Fifty-six standards f time are nw emplyed by the varius railrads in preparing their schedules f running time," reprted The New Yrk Times n April 19，1883.
In 1883，railrad representatives attended the General Railrad Time Cnventin.On April11，railrad fficials agreed t create five time znes in Nrth America.And the new standard tk effect n Nvember 18，1883.
Thugh the new time standard was nt by the federal gvernment,the Naval Observatry in Washingtn ffered t send,by telegraph,a new time signal s peple culd synchrnize （同步）their watches.Mst peple had n bjectin t the new time standard.An article in The New Yrk Times n Nvember 16，1883 nted, "The passenger frm Chicag t New Orleans,can make the entire run withut changing his watch."
As the time change was instituted by the railrads,and vluntarily accepted by many twns and cities,sme incidents f cnfusin appeared.A reprt in The Philadelphia Inquirer n Nvember 21，1883，described an incident where a debtr had been rdered t reprt t a Bstn curtrm befre 10：00.He appeared at 9：48，standard time,but was ruled that it was after10：00.
Incidents like that demnstrated the need fr everyne t adpt the new standard time.Hwever,there were bjectins.An item in The New Yrk Times n June 28，1884，detailed hw the city f Luisville had given up n standard time.Luisville set all its clcks ahead 18 minutes t return t slar time.
By the 1890s,standard time and time znes were accepted as rdinary.The successful adptin in the US in 1883 set an example f hw time znes culd spread acrss the glbe.The fllwing year,a cnference in Paris created the time znes wrldwide and eventually they came int use.
What was the headache f the railrad fficers？ ______
A. Varius railrads.B. Different slar times.
C. Endless cnferences.D. Frequent press cverage.
What des the underlined wrd "sanctined" in paragraph 3 prbably mean？ ______
A. Apprved.B. Replaced.C. Tested.D. Raised.
Evidence f ppsitin t standard time was available in ______
A. The New Yrk Times （April 19，1883）
B. The New Yrk Times （Nvember 16，1883）
C. The Philadelphia Inquirer （Nvember 21，1883）
D. The New Yrk Times （June 28，1884）
What is the last paragraph mainly abut？ ______
A. The US simplified time znes.B. Paris created its time zne.
C. Time znes went wrldwide.D. Time znes prved effective.
D
Cmpared t metal,ceramics（陶瓷） can better resist high temperatures and certain severe envirnments,but they are fragile.This ptentially causes prblems fr innvatrs trying t create lightweight versins f these materials,explaining why ceramic materials are nt typically used as structural cmpnents.
Facing the challenging task f develping lightweight,high-strength ceramic materials,Mechanical Engineering Assistant Prfessr Ling Li has turned t the knbby sea star frm the trpical Ind-Pacific fr design inspiratin.
Sea star skeletns（骨骼） are made f an easily brken material.Hwever,the bdy f the sea star demnstrates high strength and flexibility.Uncvering the principles f this structure may help slve the challenges f making strnger ceramics.
What the team fund was unexpected.The skeletn f the knbby star cnsists f many millimeter-sized skeletal elements.Li and his team discvered that each is cnstructed f a micrlattice （微晶）structure s unifrm that it can be described mathematically.Even mre interesting,the team fund the unifrm structure f the micrlattice is essentially a single crystal structure at atmic level.
Based n the finding,Li and his cllabratrs used 3 D printing t mdel and generate large-scale versins f these cmplex lattice structures,a useful apprach in understanding the cmplexity f these unique gemetries.While the 3 D-printed mdels created by Liaps；s team were indeed visually inspiring,the technlgy needed t bring new,strnger ceramic micr-architectures t market still lay in the future.Currently,3 D printers prduce structures at the micrmeter level,but printing ceramics still requires firing the final prduct,which pssibly intrduces many uncntrlled tiny hles and cracks.These make the structures extremely fragile.
Li hpes that cntinued advances in the field f 3 D printing and further understanding f the frmatin mechanisms f bilgical structures like sea star skeletns eventually ffer a slutin.
What des Li's team mainly fcus n t imprve ceramics？ ______
A. Their strength.B. Their flexibility.
C. Their heat-resistance.D. Their main cmpnent.
In which aspect d the researchers explre sea star skeletns？ ______
A. Functin.B. Material.C. Structure.D. Size.
What is a barrier t the practical applicatin f the finding？ ______
A. The inability t print tiny structures.
B. The failure t prduce a larger sea star mdel.
C. Inadequate technlgy in heating prducts.
D. Misunderstanding in the nature f ceramics.
What can be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. The Secret in Fragile Skeletns
B. 3 D Printing fr Sea Star Mdels
C. Ceramics as Perfect Structural Cmpnents
D. A Star in the Wrld f Ceramic Engineering
Research shws that we spend ne-third t ne-half f ur waking life nt living in the present. (1) Our brains transprt us t past events,imagined future scenes and ther internal thughts.
This allws fr intrspectin（内省）--- the space t imagine,remember,reflect and then use these fantasies t slve prblems,innvate and create.But intrspectin can smetimes lead t mre harm than gd. (2) When we fcus inward t wrk thrugh ur prblems,we may find that ding s causes us t feel wrse.Negative thught cycles like this can make ur capacity fr intrspectin feel mre like a curse than a blessing.
The fact that intrspectin is bth a helpful tl and destructive frce is a great cntradictin f the human mind.Frtunately,science has begun t explain why this happens,and hw t cntrl it.
(3) This fires up ur emtins t the degree f rejecting alternative ways f thinking abut the issue that might cl us dwn.In ther wrds,we lse insight.One natural slutin t this prblem is t zm ut-t "step back" frm yur prblems s yu can think abut them mre bjectively. (4) Hwever,nt just any cnversatin will d.The key is t fcus n talking t peple wh nt nly allw yu t express yur emtins but als help braden yur hrizns.
Intrspectin is central t the makeup f the human mind.The challenge is t minimize the negative aspects while achieving its ptential. (5)
A.But it can be wnderful t live in the past.
B.We naturally separate frm the here and nw.
C.It might cntribute t anxiety and depressin.
D.Anther way t gain insight is t talk t thers.
E.Regulating negative emtins als helps t reasn wisely.
F.Negative thught cycles ccur when we zm in t clse n ur prblems.
G.Being aware f hw ur minds wrk can help us make the best f intrspectin.
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
I lve and enjy playing the pian.S when the recital（音乐演奏会）was(21) I was disappinted.I had expected it fr lng and already(22) my best sngs.
Hwever,Mm turned this(23) int smething wrthwhile. "Yu shuld(24) at Carriage Huse Manr.I'm sure the(25) there wuld really appreciate the music." T me,this was a win-win situatin because nt nly wuld I play mre sngs,but I have the chance t(26) the residents,sme f whm tragically didn't have families.
The much-anticipated day(27) arrived.Stepping int the dining area,I saw several gray-haired peple seemingly enjying a dinner and the(28).Despite n-ging cnversatins at tables,(29) still hung like a dark clud in the rm.After intrductins,I sat dwn in frnt f the pian,butterflies in my stmach.But my(30) melted away as I played n.
The dinner hur flew by.One wman gt up and began t cheerfully(31) abut the rm t the beat f the(32)while thers snapped their fingers（打响指）.I wa(33) t see hw music brught big smiles t their faces.
Calling ff the recital was a blessing because it led t us(34)the gift f music with thse wh needed it mst.G spread(35) whenever pssible.
A. cancelledB. spnsredC. rganizedD. pstpned
A. recrdedB. preparedC. cmpsedD. sung
A. burn utB. let dwnC. get awayD. turn arund
A. relaxB. investigateC. perfrmD. wait
A. senirsB. nursesC. guardsD. musicians
A. cheer upB. settle dwnC. cmment nD. hunt fr
A. simplyB. accidentallyC. finallyD. nearly
A. freedmB. vacatinC. cmpanyD. privilege
A. silenceB. hrrrC. cnfusinD. lneliness
A. desperatinB. nervusnessC. frustratinD. embarrassment
A. spinB. wanderC. danceD. glance
A. drumsB. heartC. wrdsD. music
A. determinedB. upsetC. curiusD. amazed
A. carryingB. exchangingC. discussingD. sharing
A. faithB. kindnessC. messageD. awareness
Many excellent warship crews have been trained n aircraft carrier the Lianing f the Peple's Liberatin Army Navy.As the nly female deck peratin fficer n it,Remila Dabul f Kazak cthnicity（哈萨克族），whse stry (1) （ reprt） by the media in January,has attracted much public attentin.
Befre wrking n the deck,Remila was a radar and telephne (2) （ perate）.But when she first saw a J-15 fighter taking ff,the idea f wrking alngside it crssed her mind. (3) eager was she t be a crew member that she vercame many difficulties and ultimately became (4) （ qualify）.
During her wrk,Remila wears a blue helmet,gggles,and blue suits.After a J-15 lands, (5) she needs t d is carry the heavy wire after (6) （get） signals and run t the fighter t take a series f actins fr a quick installatin. "The higher risk ur wrk is,the (7) （firm） belief we shuld have," said Remila.She has put her belief (8) practice in her daily security and guarantee wrk.
This year,Remila spent her (9) （five） Spring Festival abard the carrier.Remila said,"I miss my parents in Xinjiang.I lve my career and (10) （be） willing t shulder the respnsibility t safeguard the happiness and peaceful life f millins f families in the mtherland."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
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(7)
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(10)
你校英语俱乐部将举办英语演讲比赛，请以 Family Educatin Shapes Me为主题，写篇演讲稿，内容包括：
（1）良好的家庭教育方式；
（2）成长的启示。
注意：
（3）词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Family Educatin Shapes Me
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Shrieking Tad and Dancing Ant
Kids gt nicknames at a summer camp,and mine is Shrieking Tad（尖叫的蛤蝶）.I guess it was my fault that I culdn't get a cl ne.
A bunch f us campers were n ur first nature walk.When we brke fr lunch,we sat dwn n lgs.I was n my nuts when a tree frg drpped nt my shirt frm the branches abve.I shrieked.It was ttally uncnscius and I didnaps；t even knw I culd make a sund like that.Mst kids frgt abut it except Stan.Whenever I walked by,he'd shut, "Shrieking Tad,shw us hw yu can hp!"I crrected him that it had been an eastern gray tree frg,nt a tad,but that just made things wrse.
Three days later,Cunselr Matt annunced we wuld be paired fr a treasure hunt.Excited whispers spread thrugh the camp.But when he read "Jay and Stan" as a team,my nerves gt cmpletely fried.Stan shuted, "Great!Shrieking Tad!" Then he called t the grup,and I went red at what came ut f his muth. "Guys,if msquites are bugging yu,ask Shrieking Tad t eat them.Tads lve bugs!" Kids rared with laughter.
After all the teams wandered ff,Stan and I were alne.Then I had a great idea,surprising myself that I hadn't thught f it earlier.I suggested we split up s as t have a better chance f finding treasures."Yeah,I'd better d what I'm tad （tld）."Stan laughed and set ff.
Ten minutes later,I heard smething that reminded me f myself a few days ag.I ran tward the sund.I never wuld have believed it if I hadn't seen it with my wn eyes.Stan was jumping arund near a mud pl like a mnkey,shrieking and yelling smething that sunded like "Dance!Dance!" Seeing him scratching at his bdy and hitting at his clthes made me realize what he was really saying：" Ants!Ants!"
注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I rushed twards Stan and tried t help him.
That night,we all rutinely sat arund the campfire and I saw Stan's wrry as clear as daylight.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、A
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一封信I bught an inexpensive micrwavable mist-heat eye cmpress nline and use it fr several minutes at bedtime t help pen the il glands.Plus,the warmth and ritual help me relax and fall asleep.我在网上买了一款便宜的微波湿热眼袋，睡前用几分钟来帮助打开油腺。此外，温暖和仪式帮助我放松和入睡。可知，第一封信突出了我们找到了解决方法，即A.We Fund a Fix.我们找到了解决办法，故选A。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四封信The stry abut a snrkeler,Carter Viss,wh lst his arm after getting hit by a speedbat （ Octber）—and then frgiving the driver—was amng the mst cmpelling I've ever read.10月，一名潜水者卡特•维斯（Carter Viss）被一艘快艇撞到，失去了一只手臂，然后原谅了司机，这是我读过的最引人入胜的故事之一。可知，Carter Viss在事故后原谅了司机。故选C。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据图片内容"anniversary issue"（周年纪念特刊）以及四封信的具体内容。可知，这四封信的共同之处是它们是对过去事情的注释。故选A。
本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，文章是选自《读者文摘》的四封信。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】D、B、D、A
【解析】（1）D．情感态度题。根据第一段中"I have t admit that when I first heard that Paul Salpek was ging t walk the entire glbe n his wn tw feet,I was blwn away.I culdn't imagine that there culd be such an unusual persn in the wrld.（我不得不承认，当我第一次听说保罗•萨洛佩克要用自己的双脚环游地球时，我被震撼了。我无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人）"可推知，作者最初对保罗的旅行计划感到吃惊。A.Scared.害怕的；B.Puzzled.困惑的；C.Disappinted.失望的；D.Surprised.惊讶的。故选D。
（2）B．推理判断题。根据第二段"Last May,I met Paul.He tld me that it was his first time in China.He talked t me with great excitement abut the histry,migratins,and discveries in my regin f China.He spke f the Shu-Yandu Da （the Suthern Silk Rad），the travels f the 17th-century Chinese explrer Xu Xiake,the Tea Hrse Rad and the early 20th-century American btanist Jseph Rck.He als talked f Xuanzang.Paul cnsidered many f them heres and in a sense Chinese pineers f slw jurnalism.（去年五月，我遇到了保罗。他告诉我这是他第一次来中国。他兴奋地跟我讲起我所在的中国地区的历史、移民和发现。他谈到了南方丝绸之路，17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行，茶马之路，以及20世纪初美国植物学家约瑟夫•洛克。他还谈到了玄奘。保罗认为其中许多人都是英雄，从某种意义上说，他们是中国慢新闻的先驱）"可知，保罗•萨洛佩克对中国有一定的了解。故选B。
（3）D．段落大意题。根据第四段"We met many peple n the rad.Sme were curius,surrunding us and watching us；sme gave us directins；sme invited us int their hme t take a rest；sme spke f the charm f their hmetwn.We met many beautiful suls,simple suls and warm suls.We were walking with ur minds.（我们在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇，围着我们，看着我们；有人给我们指路；有些人邀请我们去他们家休息；一些人谈到了家乡的魅力。我们遇见了许多美丽的灵魂，朴素的灵魂和温暖的灵魂。我们在用我们的思想行走）"可知，第四段主要说明了作者和保罗与人们建立了联系。故选D。
（4）A．目的意图题。根据最后一段"Lking back n the mre than 200 miles I walked with Paul,I came t a realizatin.Walking fr its wn sake,while healthy and admirable,is nly a small part f the benefit f mving with ur feet.A deeper reward is rediscvering the wrld arund us,shrtening the distance between each ther,and sharing each ther's cultures. （回顾我和保罗一起走过的200多英里，我有了一个认识。步行本身的好处，虽然健康和令人钦佩，但只是步行好处的一小部分。更深层次的回报是重新发现我们周围的世界，缩短彼此之间的距离，分享彼此的文化）"结合文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，在历史悠久的茶马古道上，遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗•萨洛佩克，决定陪保罗去云南。描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟。可推知，文章的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，在历史悠久的茶马古道上，遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗•萨洛佩克，决定陪保罗去云南。描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
8~11.【答案】B、A、C、C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段At that time each twn r city in the US kept its wn slar time.当时，美国的每个城镇都有自己的太阳时。可知，让铁路官员头疼的是不同的太阳时，故选B。
（2）A.词义猜测题。根据第三段the Naval Observatry in Washingtn ffered t send,by telegraph,a new time signal s peple culd synchrnize their watches.但华盛顿的海军天文台提出通过电报发送新的时间信号，以便人们可以同步到手表。根据表示让步转折的Thugh,可知，新的时间标准没有得到联邦政府的批准，由此可知划线词词义为"批准"，A.Apprve批准；B.Replaced代替；C.Tested测试；D.Raised升起。故选A。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第四段A reprt in The Philadelphia Inquirer n Nvember 21，1883，described an incident where a debtr had been rdered t reprt t a Bstn curtrm befre 10：00.He appeared at 9：48，standard time,but was ruled that it was after 10：00.1883年11月21日，《费城问询报》的一篇报道描述了一个事件，一名债务人被要求在10：00前向波士顿法院报告。他在标准时间9：48出现，但被裁定是在10：00之后。可知，反对标准时间的证据可以在1883年11月21日的《费城问询报》找到，故选C。
（4）C.段落大意题。根据最后一段By the 1890s,standard time and time znes were accepted as rdinary.The successful adptin in the US in 1883 set an example f hw time znes culd spread acrss the glbe.The fllwing year,a cnference in Paris created the time znes wrldwide and eventually they came int use.到了19世纪90年代，标准时区被视为普通时区。1883年在美国的成功采用为时区如何在全球传播树立了榜样。第二年，在巴黎召开的一次会议确立了全球时区，并最终投入使用。可知，本段主要介绍了时区走向全球，即：C.Time znes went wrldwide.全球都采用时区标准，故选C。
本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读，主要介绍了时区是怎么来的。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】A、C、C、D
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段中"but they are fragile（但是它们易碎）"及第三段最后一句"Uncvering the principles f this structure may help slve the challenges f making strnger ceramics.（揭示这种结构的原理可能有助于解决制造更强陶瓷的挑战。）"可知，陶瓷易碎，Li的团队主要专注于坚固性来改进陶瓷。故选A项。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第三段内容"Sea star skeletns （骨骼） are made f an easily brken material.Hwever,the bdy f the sea star demnstrates high strength and flexibility.Uncvering the principles f this structure may help slve the challenges f making strnger ceramics.（海星的骨骼是由一种容易破碎的物质构成的。然而，海星的身体显示出高强度和灵活性。揭示这种结构的原理可能有助于解决制造更强陶瓷的挑战。）"可知，研究人员探索的是海星骨骼的结构。A.Functin功能；结构；D.Size尺寸。故选C项。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中"Currently,3 D printers prduce structures at the micrmeter level,but printing ceramics still requires firing the final prduct,which pssibly intrduces many uncntrlled tiny hles and cracks.（目前，3 D打印机在微米级生产结构，但印刷陶瓷仍然需要烧制最终产品，这可能引入许多无法控制的微孔和裂缝。）"可知，烧制产品技术不足是这一发现应用到实际中的障碍。故选C项。
（4）D.标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第三段最后一句"Uncvering the principles f this structure may help slve the challenges f making strnger ceramics.（揭示这种结构的原理可能有助于解决制造更强陶瓷的挑战。）"可知，文章主要讲述弗吉尼亚理工大学教授通过研究海星骨骼，为制作更坚固的轻质陶瓷指明了方向。故D项"陶瓷工程界之星"适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文，陶瓷比金属能更好地承受高温和腐蚀性环境，但其易碎性往往使其容易断裂，弗吉尼亚理工大学教授通过研究海星骨骼，为制作更坚固的轻质陶瓷指明了方向。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】B、C、F、D、E
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据上文"Research shws that we spend ne-third t ne-half f ur waking life nt living in the present.（研究表明，我们醒着的时候，有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下）"以及后文"Our brains transprt us t past events,imagined future scenes and ther internal thughts,（我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，想象未来的场景和其他内在的想法）"可知，上文提到有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下，后文则说我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，可见我们总是与此时此地的事物相分离。故B选项"我们自然地与此时此地分离""符合语境，故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据上文"This allws fr intrspectin—the space t imagine,remember,reflect and then use these fantasies t slve prblems,innvate and create.But intrspectin can smetimes lead t mre harm than gd.（这给了我们自省的空间，想象、回忆、反思，然后利用这些幻想来解决问题、创新和创造。但自省有时弊大于利）"以及后文"When we fcus inward t wrk thrugh ur prblems,we may find that ding s causes us t feel wrse.Negative thught cycles like this can make ur capacity fr intrspectin feel mre like a curse than a blessing.（当我们集中精力解决问题时，我们可能会发现这样做会让我们感觉更糟。像这样的消极思想循环会让我们的自省能力感觉更像是一种诅咒而不是一种祝福）"可知，本句承接上文进一步解释说明自省带来的弊端，故C选项"它可能会导致焦虑和抑郁"符合语境，故选C。
（3）F.推理判断题。根据后文"This fires up ur emtins t the degree f rejecting alternative ways f thinking abut the issue that might cl us dwn.In ther wrds,we lse insight.One natural slutin t this prblem is t zm ut-t "step back" frm yur prblems s yu can think abut them mre bjectively.（这将我们的情绪激发到拒绝其他可能让我们冷静下来的思考问题的方式的程度。换句话说，我们失去了洞察力。解决这个问题的一个自然的办法是缩小范围，从你的问题中"退一步"，这样你就可以更客观地思考它们）"可知，后文提到从自己的问题中"后退一步"就可以更客观地思考它们，即建议不要过于关注自己的问题。故F选项"当我们过于关注自己的问题时，消极思维循环就会发生"符合语境，故选F。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据后文"Hwever,nt just any cnversatin will d.The key is t fcus n talking t peple wh nt nly allw yu t express yur emtins but als help braden yur hrizns.（然而，并不是任何对话都可以。关键是要专注于与那些不仅能让你表达情感，还能开阔你视野的人交谈）"可知，后文提到了和人对话的注意事项。由此可知，本句是在建议获得洞察力的方法是和别人交谈。故D选项"另一种获得洞察力的方法是和别人交谈"符合语境，故选D。
（5）E.段尾总结题。根据上文"Intrspectin is central t the makeup f the human mind.The challenge is t minimize the negative aspects while achieving its ptential.（自省是构成人类心灵的核心。我们面临的挑战是在发挥其潜力的同时尽量减少其负面影响）"可知，上文提到了减少负面影响，本句为本段最后一句，应说明调节负面情绪的好处。故E选项"调节负面情绪也有助于理智思考"符合语境，故选E。
这是一篇说明文。研究表明，我们醒着的时候，有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下，我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，想象未来的场景和其他内在的想法，这也给了我们自省的空间。文章主要说明了自省的好处以及弊端。
选句填空类阅读理解题材广泛，故学生要拓展知识面，关心时事，学习之余，增加阅读面。做此类题型，要通读全文，了解常见写作顺序，重点理解空白处前后的句子，关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，如：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系。把握意思的连贯性、逻辑性，锁定线索词，认真阅读选项，排除迷惑项，确定选项后，再快速泛读全文，确保文章上下衔接流畅，选项有据可依。
21~35.【答案】A、B、B、C、A、A、C、C、D、B、C、D、D、D、B
【解析】（1）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.cancelled取消；B.spnsred发起；C.rganized组织；D.pstpned推迟。根据后文"I was disappinted.I had expected it fr lng and already my best sngs." 可知，作者期待已久的音乐演奏会被取消。故选A。
（2）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.recrded记录；B.prepared准备；C.cmpsed作曲；D.sung唱。根据前文"S when the recital （音乐演奏会） was ，I was disappinted."可知，作者为音乐演奏会准备好了最好的歌曲。故选B。
（3）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.burn ut烧坏；B.let dwn失望；C.get away逃走；D.turn arund好转。根据前文"I was disappinted."可知，妈妈把作者的失望变成有意义的事情。故选B。
（4）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.relax放松；B.investigate调查；C.perfrm表演；D.wait等待。根据前文"I had expected it fr lng and already my best sngs." 可知，妈妈建议作者去马车之家庄园去表演准备好的歌曲。故选C。
（5）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.senirs年长者；B.nurses护士；C.guards警卫；D.musicians音乐家。根据后文"Stepping int the dining area,I saw several gray-haired peple seemingly enjying a dinner and the ." 可知，马车之家庄园里住着老人。故选A。
（6）A．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.cheer up高兴起来；B.settle dwn定居；C.cmment n对……评论；D.hunt fr寻找。根据前文"this was a win-win situatin"和后文"sme f whm tragically didn't have families."可知，作者可以通过演奏歌曲让不幸的居民高兴起来。故选A。
（7）C．考查副词及语境理解。A.simply简单地；B.accidentally偶然地；C.finally最终；D.nearly几乎。根据前文"I had expected it fr lng and already my best sngs." 可知，作者期待已久演奏的那一天终于到来了。故选C。
（8）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.freedm自由；B.vacatin假期；C.cmpany陪伴；D.privilege特权。根据前文"I saw several gray-haired peple seemingly enjying a dinner"可知，作者准备演奏时，恰好是老人在享受晚餐和陪伴的时间。故选C。
（9）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.silence沉默；B.hrrr恐怖；C.cnfusin混淆；D.lneliness孤独。根据前文"sme f whm tragically didn't have families."可知，其中一些人失去了家庭成员，所以很孤独。故选D。
（10）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.desperatin绝望；B.nervusness紧张；C.frustratin挫折；D.embarrassment尴尬。根据前文"After intrductins,I sat dwn in frnt f the pian,butterflies in my stmach."可知，作者刚开始演奏时很紧张。故选B。
（11）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.spin旋转；B.wander漫步；C.dance跳舞；D.glance一瞥。根据前文"One wman gt up"可知，这位女子站起来随着音乐的节拍跳舞。故选C。
（12）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.drums鼓；B.heart心脏；C.wrds词；D.music音乐。根据前文"One wman gt up and began t cheerfully abut the rm" 可知，女子随着音乐的节拍跳舞。故选D。
（13）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.determined有决心的；B.upset沮丧的；C.curius好奇的；D.amazed惊讶的。根据后文"see hw music brught big smiles t their faces."可知，作者看到他们的脸上绽放笑容很惊讶。故选D。
（14）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.carrying携带；B.exchanging交换；C.discussing讨论；D.sharing分享。根据前文"Calling ff the recital was a blessing"可知，作者把取消的音乐演奏会分享给有需要的人。故选D。
（15）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.faith信任；B.kindness善良；C.message信息；D.awareness认识。根据后文"whenever pssible."可知，作者建议：无论什么时候，只要有可能，尽可能去传播善良。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的音乐会被取消，感到很失望。在妈妈的建议下，作者去马车之家庄园演奏，为孤独的老人带来欢乐。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】was reprted
【小题2】peratr
【小题3】S
【小题4】qualified
【小题5】what
【小题6】getting
【小题7】firmer
【小题8】int
【小题9】fifth
【小题10】am
【解析】（1）was reprted.考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：今年1月，媒体报道了哈萨克族的雷米拉•达布尔的故事，她是船上唯一一名女性甲板作战官，引起了公众的广泛关注。根据时间状语in January可知，用一般过去时。名词stry与reprt之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was reprted。
（2）peratr.考查可数名词的单数。句意：在甲板上工作之前，瑞米拉是一名雷达和电话操作员。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。telephne peratr电话操作员。故填peratr。
（3）S.考查固定结构。句意：她是如此渴望成为一名船员，她克服了许多困难，最终成为合格的。在"…如此……以至于……"结构中，若将s +adj. /adv.置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装，且置于句首，首字母大写，故填S。
（4）qualified.考查形容词。句意：她是如此渴望成为一名船员，她克服了许多困难，最终成为合格的。系动词became后接形容词作表语。主语是人，所以用-ed形式形容词。故填qualified。
（5）what.考查主语从句。句意：J-15着陆后，她需要做的是在收到信号后，携带沉重的电线跑到战斗机上，采取一系列快速安装的行动。本句为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
（6）getting.考查动名词。句意：J-15着陆后，她需要做的是在收到信号后，携带沉重的电线跑到战斗机上，采取一系列快速安装的行动。介词after后接动名词形式。故填getting。
（7）firmer.考查比较级。句意："我们的工作风险越大，我们的信念就越坚定，"雷米拉说。"the + 比较级，the + 比较级"结构，表示"越……，越……"。故填firmer。
（8）int.考查介词。句意：她把自己的信念贯彻到日常的安全保障工作中。put…int practice 把……付诸实践。故填int。
（9）fifth.考查序数词。句意：今年，瑞米拉在航母上度过了她的第五个春节。表示"第五个春节"，所以用序数词形式。故填fifth。
（10）am.考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：瑞米拉说："我想念我在新疆的父母。我热爱我的事业，愿意承担起维护祖国千百万家庭幸福安宁生活的责任。"根据并列连词and前句时态可知，用一般现在时，主语为I。故填am。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了辽宁舰上唯一一名女性甲板作战官--哈萨克族的雷米拉•达布尔。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Family Educatin Shapes MeThe tpic f my speech tday is Family Educatin Shapes Me.Family educatin has always deeply influenced me.It has benefited me a lt.（点明主题）
Remember nce,my teacher gave me a prize when I gt full marks in an exam.【高分句型一】But when I gt hme,my mther fund a mistake n the paper and asked me t explain the situatin t the teacher.I did what mm said.The teacher asked me t keep the prize as a reward fr my hnesty.（良好的家庭教育方式） Althugh I lst full marks,I gained the mst beautiful qualities. 【高分句型二】My hnest family upbringing has served me well all my life and has cleared away many bstacles in my life.Thank yu fr yur listening.（成长的启示）
【解析】高分句型一：Remember nce,my teacher gave me a prize when I gt full marks in an exam.
翻译：记得有一次，当我考试得了满分时，老师给了我奖品。
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：Althugh I lst full marks,I gained the mst beautiful qualities.
翻译：虽然我失去了满分，但我获得了最美的品质。
分析：本句使用了althugh引导的让步状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Para 1：
I rushed twards Stan and tried t help him.He was hitting his clthes vilently.I did what must be dne.I pulled him int a mud pl.He was shcked at first,and then he must have realized why I did it.The ants went away.Since Stan and I were bth cvered in mud,we decided t head back.【高分句型一】 "I guess yu're ging t have a pretty gd stry fr everyne," Stan said awkwardly. "Yeah,I guess s.Yu'll prbably be knwn as Dancing Ant frm nw n."（Stan被蚂蚁吓到后的场面以及作者是如何帮助Stan的）
Para 2：
That night,we all rutinely sat arund the campfire and I saw Stan's wrry as clear as daylight.I knew hw it felt t be teased；it wasn't fun.I culd see Stan's wrry which then turned int surprise.The next day when I was picked fr a basketball team,smene called, "Unfair!Shrieking Tad's a natural jumper!".【高分句型二】Stan shuted, "Knck it ff,guys.His name is Jay." I wuldn't have minded being given a cl nickname.But being knwn as plain "Jay"，and Stan's friend,turned ut t be cl t.（作者没有嘲笑Stan,以及解释作者这样做的原因）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加夏令营时，被掉在身上的树蛙吓得惊叫，一块露营的Stan给作者取外号"尖叫的蛤蟆"，而且作者每次经过他身边时，他总是拿此取笑作者。几天后他被蚂蚁吓得手忙脚乱，大声呼叫，正好被作者遇到了。
高分句型一
Since Stan and I were bth cvered in mud,we decided t head back.
翻译：因为斯坦和我都满身是泥，所以我们决定往回走。
分析：本句使用了since引导原因状语从句。
高分句型二
The next day when I was picked fr a basketball team,smene called, "Unfair!Shrieking Tad's a natural jumper!"
翻译：第二天，当我被选入篮球队时，有人说："不公平!尖叫的癞蛤蟆是天生的跳投者！"
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）关键用词，标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。
Letter 1
Yur article （Nvember） mentined a dctr's visit fr "heat and cmpressin"treatment.I bught an inexpensive micrwavable mist-heat eye cmpress nline and use it fr several minutes at bedtime t help pen the il glands.Plus,the warmth and ritual help me relax and fall asleep.N mre messy washclth cmpresses fr me!
——Julie Evans
Minneaplis,Minnesta
Letter 2
The Quality Inn in Kdak,Tennessee,
turning int a shelter during a histric winter strm shwed s much kindness that I read the stry twice （Nvember）.Fr Sean Patel t pen his htel t lcals in need during the strm and pwer utage,at Christmastime and fr just ﹩25 （the lwest price the crprate regulatins wuld allw），was priceless.The twn is a better place because f Patel and his staff.
——Annette Wlfe
Sheltn,Cnnecticut
Letter 3
Yu suggested using tthpicks t raise a pt lid and prevent the pt frm biling ver （Octber）.I prevent bilvers by just laying a wden spn ver the pen pt.The spn will pp mst f the bubbles n cntact-hasn't failed me yet!
——Pam Snellgrve
LaGrange,Gergia
Letter 4
The stry abut a snrkeler,Carter Viss,wh lst his arm after getting hit by a speedbat （Octber）— and then frgiving the driver— was amng the mst cmpelling I've ever read.Here was a stry f health and lss,sea and shre,healing and the hpe t endure ut f the darkness int the light.Simply marvelus!
——Leander Jnes
Nrthprt,Alabama