中考英语二轮专项复习语法10《非谓语动词》课件(含答案)

这是一份中考英语二轮专项复习语法10《非谓语动词》课件(含答案)，共44页。

考点1 动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“t＋动词原形”，否定形式是在不定式前加nt。动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，但没有人称与数的变化，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式及其宾语和状语构成不定式短语。
(1)作主语动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换且常用it作形式主语，把动词不定式后置，常构成“It＋be＋adj. (＋fr sb. )＋动词不定式”。It's imprtant (fr us) t prtect the envirnment. (对我们来说)保护环境很重要。
(2)作表语My jb is t teach English. 我的工作是教英语。(3)作宾语或宾语补足语①接t d作宾语的动词或短语有want, begin/start, lve, frget, remember, teach, decide, agree, seem, wuld like, plan等。
②接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask, tell, invite, allw, want, wish, encurage等。③在使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, feel, ntice, lk, smell等的后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号t要省略。help后的不定式可带t也可不带。
make sb. d sth. 的被动语态必须加tmake sb. d sth. 中用不带t的不定式作宾语补足语，但是变为被动语态时，不定式符号t要还原。
(4)作定语I have a lt f hmewrk t d. 我有许多家庭作业要做。★动词不定式与所修饰的名词之间是动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词，其后要有相关的介词。The cat is easy t take care f. 这只猫很容易照顾。
(5)作状语Mrs. Wang went t Shanghai t see her daughter. 王太太去上海看她女儿。(目的)We're glad t meet yu here. 我们很高兴在这儿见到你。(原因)He is t tired t wrk n. 他太累了不能继续工作了。(结果)
(6)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构疑问词wh, what, when, where, hw, which等后接动词不定式，在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。The teacher is telling the students what t d. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。He didn't knw where t g(＝where he shuld g)．他不知道去哪里。
(7)含动词不定式的特殊句型与短语t. . . t. . . 太……而不能……Why dn't yu d sth. ？为什么不做某事？had better d sth. 最好做某事prefer t d sth. rather than d sth. 宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事make sb. d sth. 让某人去做某事be made t d sth. 被迫做某事
4．As a vlunteer, the girl wants t visit sick kids in the hspital __ them up. A．t cheer B．cheerC．cheering D．cheered5．He fund it imprtant __ the situatin all ver the wrld. A．study B．t studyC．studies D．t be studied
11．—Hi, Betty. Shall we g swimming that day? —Srry, I have a lt f hmewrk __ this Sunday. A．t d B．dneC．d D．t be dne
考点2 动名词动名词由“动词原形＋­ing”构成，与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质(可有宾语和状语)，也有名词的性质，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
(1)动名词常用结构①只能跟动名词的动词或短语有avid, cnsider, enjy, feel like, finish, mind, practice, suggest, be busy ding, be gd at ding, be interested in ding, can't help ding, give up ding, make a living (by) ding, put ff ding等。
②have＋n. ＋(in) dinghave fun (in) ding, have truble (in) ding, have a hard time (in) ding, have prblems/difficulties (in) ding等。③t ding 结构，t是介词be/get used t ding, lk frward t ding, pay attentin t ding, prefer ding t ding等。
(2)有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词，但表达的意义不同。
17．Have yu frgtten __ $1，000 frm me last mnth? Will yu please remember __ it tmrrw? A．brrwing; t bring B．t brrw; t bring C．brrwed; bringing D．brrwing; bringing
19．Everyne thinks the prblem is hard, but he has n difficulty __ the prblem. A．wrking ut B．having wrked utC．t have wrked ut D．t wrk ut
21．My brther keeps __ me with my wrk. A．t help B．helpC．helping D．helped22．I've enjyed __ t take with yu. A．t be able B．being ableC．t been able D．f being able
23．Mr. Wang came int the ffice withut __ the dr. A．knck B．kncking at C．t knck at D．kncking t24．(
考点3 现在分词现在分词由“动词原形＋­ing”构成，表示主动、进行意义，还具有形容词的作用，可在句中作表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。
The crying girl can't find her mther. 那个正在哭的女孩找不到她妈妈了。(定语)The stry is interesting. 这个故事很有趣。(表语)I saw him studying in the classrm. 我看到他正在教室里学习。(宾语补足语)Studying hard, yu will pass the exam. 只要你努力学习，就会通过考试。(状语)
29．I heard him __ an English sng when I passed his rm last night. A．sing B．singing C．sung D．t sing
30．(2016·衡阳中考)The nvel is great. It's well wrth __ ．A．read B．reads C．reading
考点4 过去分词(1)由“动词原形＋­ed”构成，表示被动、完成意义，在句中作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等。She is very tired. 她很疲劳。(表语)The by wre a pair f faded jeans. 那个男孩穿了一条褪色的牛仔裤。(定语)She fund the village greatly changed. 她发现这个村庄变化很大。(宾语补足语)
(2)现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别。①现在分词作定语与它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动或者进行。a sleeping child一个正在睡觉的孩子a develping cuntry一个发展中国家biling water正在沸腾的水a surprising lk一个令人吃惊的表情
②过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系，表示被动关系或者已经完成。the nvel written by Luxun 鲁迅写的那篇小说 a singer surrunded by a grup f fans 被粉丝包围的歌手fallen leaves 落叶a snw­cvered city被雪覆盖的城市
31．(2016·龙东中考)A Christmas Carl is a famus shrt nvel __ by Charles Dickens. A．written B．was writtenC．wrte