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2021中考英语真题分类汇编 题型六完成表格型阅读
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这是一份2021中考英语真题分类汇编 题型六完成表格型阅读，共13页。试卷主要包含了 Learning wrds等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(时间：8～10分钟/篇 分值：2分/小题)
话题1 说明介绍
Passage 1(2020南京)
Cars pwered by gasline were sld fr many years befre hybrid vehicles that use gasline, electricity, and slar energy. Car cmpanies are nw making cars that are fully pwered by electricity nly. Hw d these electric cars measure up t(符合标准) traditinal gasline cars?
Electric and gasline vehicles lk similar n the utside. They have very different parts under their hds, thugh. Electric cars have ne main mving part: the mtr. But gas cars literally have hundreds f parts, ften requiring frequent maintenance(保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper t maintain and less likely t have mechanical prblems.
Electric vehicles are energy efficient, als making them cheaper t perate. It csts abut $1.00 t travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear cntrast t a gas car, which csts abut $1. 25 t g 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can g twice as far as a gas car fr the same price.
Electric vehicles d nt have tailpipe emissins, making them mre friendly t the envirnment, t.
While sme details make electric cars seem attractive, ther details aren't as favrable. Fr example, sme electric cars can travel nly 60 t 120 miles n a full charge(充电). Mst gas cars can drive hundreds f miles n a full tank.
An electric car has t stp mre ften t get recharged. Therefre, a gas car wuld be a better ptin(选择) if yu have far t drive. And electric cars aren't as cnvenient(方便的) t pwer up as gas cars are. There are plenty f gas statins, but nt many charging statins fr electric cars. Then, nce an electric car reaches a charging statin, it can take up t six hurs t charge.
There are certainly benefits t bth electric cars and gasline cars. It's gd t knw that there is an ptin.
Passage 2(2020金华)
Gd readers ften use a flwchart(流程图) r webs(网状图) t have a better picture f what they read (see the drawings n the right)．
A flwchart is used t put events in a certain rder. Webs shw a main idea and supprting details(细节)．
Nw try t be a gd reader and finish the fllwing TWO tasks.
Task 1: Read Passage 1 and cmplete the flwchart.
Task 2: Read Passage 2 and cmplete the webs.
Passage 2: Students have different pinins abut ding husewrk. Sme students think it's gd fr them t learn t lk after themselves. Besides, they can learn t d their part in the family. Hwever, thers dn't agree. They think they shuld save the time n husewrk fr learning their lessns.
话题2 咨询建议
Passage 1(2020贵阳)
Trash cllectin is a prblem fr Curitiba. First, the city has nly ne landfill. Secnd, its garbage trucks d nt fit n sme f the streets in the city's lwincme(低收入) neighbrhds. Curitiba knew the slutin lay in getting everyne invlved(参加)．
In 1989, the city started a recycling prgram called Garbage That Is Nt Garbage. The city set up a central recycling center fr srting(把……分类) recyclable materials, fdbased and waste. Clrful cartn characters were symbls f different kinds f recyclable materials, which culd help children get t knw the imprtance f recycling. Cllectin bins were the same clrs as the cartns, reinfrcing (加强) the message. Peple made mney by picking up the trash at these bins and taking it t the center fr prcessing. Tday, Curitiba claims t have the highest recycling rate f any city in the wrld.
Câmbi Verde, the Green Exchange prgram, and Cmpra d Lix, the Buying f Garbage prgram, are successful recycling prgrams in Curitiba. They get lwincme residents(居民) t jin in the city's recycling prgram by having them transprt trash frm neighbrhds that are hard fr garbage trucks t reach.
Depending n what they deliver, peple exchange their trash fr cash, fd and services. Their way f life is imprved, and the city is better able t manage its trash. These prgrams are ne way Curitiba has gtten creative as a green city. It shws hw invlving everyne can make green living pssible.
Passage 2(2020泰州)
Nisy neighbrs are a cmmn prblem in a sciety where many peple live clsely tgether. And this can be mst imprtant when yu share walls, flrs r ceilings with neighbrs in a flat. A nisy neighbr can make life challenging, especially if nise ges well int night, r happens during early mrning hurs. This situatin needs t be dealt with prperly, which requires yur ability t keep calm.
Yu shuld first try t tell yur nisy neighbrs abut the nise. This cnversatin shuld be plite, even friendly. It can begin with a statement like “I am nt sure yu are aware”. Explain the prblem in an hnest way, and ask the neighbr t turn dwn the music, r nt t hld parties until 3 a．m. Yu can als add that yu realize they hear yur nise t, and yu are certainly willing t try t stp anything in yur behavir that is creating extra nise.
Yu shuld knw that nt all neighbrs are ging t fllw yur requirement, and sme may act in a bad manner. If the nisy neighbrs dn't change their behavir, the next step shuld be t write the neighbrs a letter. The letter shuld shw yur grievances(不满) and the dates when the nise was quite terrible. Fr example, if yur neighbr has lud gatherings every Friday night that last int the early mrning, then write dwn thse dates.
When the nise remains ging n, yu shuld reprt it t lcal authrities(权力部门), r even the plice department, when it is really necessary. Often, hwever, the prblem is slved when the nisy neighbr knws yu are ging t call the plice.
D be aware that yu cannt always require nisy neighbrs t be quiet. When the nise remains ging n, it is wise nt t deal with it in an angry r retaliatry(报复性的) fashin. If yu have cmpleted the steps and letter, dn't start hitting walls r flrs arund in yur hme r turning up the music t make yur neighbrs angry. Just have patience and remember that cmmunicatin is the mst imprtant.
Passage 3(2020盐城)
Wrds are the key t language. And if yu want t imprve yur ability t speak, listen and write in English, yu have t learn lts f wrds. Here are sme ideas t help yu.
1. Recrding wrds
Imprtant wrds
Sme wrds are mre imprtant than ther wrds. Fr example, the high frequency wrd(高频词) “rain” is very cmmn and can be fund in a number f imprtant expressins. Fr example, rainbw, raincat, rainfrest, rainy, pur with rain... Where pssible, pay special attentin t the high frequency wrds and all their assciated(有关联的) frms.
Sentences
When yu want t recrd a new wrd r expressin, remember t write it ut in an example sentence. This will give yu useful infrmatin abut the way the wrd r term is used, and the ther wrds ften assciated with it. Fr example, a) Rain—It's been puring with rain. b) Raincat—I put n my raincat.
2. Learning wrds
Sme wrds are easy t learn. Fr example, the English wrd “sfa” is similar in Chinese (sha fa). Other wrds are mre difficult, but these ideas might help yu.
Wrd sunds
Use the pwer f the similar sunds between wrds! Fr example, imagine yu wanted t learn the wrd “whale”. Simply think f a wrd that sunds like “whale” in English r in yur wn language. Then, make a sentence with this wrd. Fr example, “The whale has a lng tail.”
Funny sentences
Use the pwer f humur! Simply make a funny sentence with the wrd. This will help yu remember the wrd mre easily. Fr example, “William the whale was using his tail t sail the bat.”
Pictures
If yu're really having prblems learning yur wrd, draw a picture f yur funny sentence. This will really help yu remember it. And the funnier the picture is, the better!
Repetitin(重复)
Finally, repeat the sentence many times t get it engraved(铭记) in yur heart. Repetitin is a fantastic way f memrizing things.
Try these methds and find yur wn ways t learn wrds and expressins.
话题3 人物介绍
Passage 1(2020成都)
Cnfucius' life and thught
Cnfucius
Cnfucius(551－479 BC) was a great thinker and teacher in the Spring and Autumn Perid f China. He was brn in Qufu, capital f the state f Lu(part f Shandng). He acted as an fficial(官员) there. But he was perhaps a better thinker than he was an fficial and he ended up having t leave the state f Lu. He spent 13 years travelling arund the ther states, spreading his ideas. And he tried t teach peple that peace was very imprtant fr a healthy sciety. Hwever, it was nt until the rule f Emperr Wu f Han Dynasty(156－87 BC) that his ideas were finally put int practice. In his last few years, he returned t Qufu where he spent the rest f his life teaching. His teachings were recrded by his fllwers in a bk called Lunyu.
Cnfucius' teachings frmed the base f Chinese thught. Cnfucius thught everyne shuld develp virtues(美德) and always d the right thing. Cnfucius' thught is cnsidered t have been the necessity f Eastern thught.
T help peple understand hw t behave twards thers, he taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese. They are ren(kindness, charity), yi(fairness), li(ceremny, traditin), zhi(knwledge), and xin(trust). Anther virtue is xia. Xia is the duties a persn has t their parents. It means lving, respecting, beying(服从), and taking care f ne's parents in their ld age. Xia frms the base f a peaceful sciety. And he is the final gal accrding t his thught. It means scial peace.
Here's ne f Cnfucius' famus sayings, “D nt d t thers as yu d nt wish t be dne t yu.” Anther saying f his is “In the cmpany f tw thers, I can always find ne wrthy f being my teacher.”
It is clear that Cnfucius' thught will cntinue t be a necessary part f Chinese culture. And it will cntinue t d smething gd t the develpment f China and even the whle wrld.
题型六 完成表格型阅读
话题分类集训
话题1 说明介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要将电动汽车和燃油汽车的相似和不同之处进行对比。尽管它们外表上看起来很相似，但是电动汽车保养费用低、出故障的概率低，而且节能又环保，但是需要花更长时间去充电。而燃油汽车跑的距离更长，并且加油比电动汽车充电要更加方便。所以燃油汽车和电动汽车都有各自的好处。
1. same 【解析】根据第一段最后一句“Hw d these electric cars measure up t(符合标准) traditinal gasline cars？”可知，人们想要知道这些电动汽车能否达到和燃油汽车一样的标准。故填same。
2. Differences 【解析】根据表格上一行“Similarity”，以及表格右边的“Electric cars”和 “Gasline cars”可知，该空内容主要概括电动汽车和燃油汽车的区别。因为本空位于句首，所以首字母大写。 故填Differences。
3. cst(s) 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper t maintain and less likely t have mechanical prblems.”可知，零部件更少能够降低保养的成本，表示“成本”应用名词cst。结合句意可知，本题cst单复数均可，故填cst(s)。
4. pssibility/pssibilities 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper t maintain and less likely t have mechanical prblems.”可知，零部件更少会让电动汽车保养起来更便宜，并且出机械问题的可能性更小，此处表示“可能性”，所以应用名词pssibility。结合句意可知，本题pssibility单复数均可，故填pssibility/pssibilities。
5. Cmpared 【解析】根据第三段第一句“Electric vehicles are energy efficient, als making them cheaper t perate.” 可知，与燃油汽车相比，电动汽车是节能的，这使得它们运行起来更便宜。分析句子结构可知，空格处作状语，表示“与……相比”，应用过去分词cmpared。因为本空位于句首，所以首字母要大写。 故填Cmpared。
6. friendly 【解析】根据第四段“Electric vehicles d nt have tailpipe emissins, making them mre friendly t the envirnment, t.” 可知电动汽车没有尾气排放，这使得它们对环境更友好。分析句子结构可知，空格处作表语。故填friendly。
7. takes 【解析】根据第六段最后一句“Then, nce an electric car reaches a charging statin，it can take up t six hurs t charge.” 可知，一旦一辆电动车到达充电站，它可能会花多达六个小时来充电。分析句子结构可知，本题考查句型It takes ＋时间段＋fr sb.＋t d＋sth.。结合句意可知是在陈述客观事实，并且主语是it，所以谓语动词用单三形式。故填takes。
8. lnger 【解析】根据第五段第二、三句“Fr example, sme electric cars can travel nly 60 t 120 miles n a full charge(充电). Mst gas cars can drive hundreds f miles n a full tank.” 可知，燃油汽车加满油能够比电动汽车行驶更长的距离。分析句子结构可知空格处作定语修饰名词distance，表示“更长的”应用形容词lnger。故填lnger。
9. cnvenient 【解析】根据第六段第三句“And electric cars aren't as cnvenient(方便的) t pwer up as gas cars are.”可知，燃油汽车加油比电动汽车充电更方便。分析句子结构可知空格处作表语且被mre修饰，所以应用形容词，表示“方便的”。故填cnvenient。
10. chice 【解析】根据最后一段“There are certainly benefits t bth electric cars and gasline cars. It's gd t knw that there is an ptin.” 可知，电动汽车和燃油汽车各有优点，这就给我们提供了一个选择的机会。此处表示 “选择”且空前有a修饰，应用名词chice。故填chice。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了两种常用的类似思维导图的图片记事方法——流程图和网状图。
1. went shpping 【解析】根据Passage 1中的第二句“In the mrning, we went shpping but we bught nthing.”可知答案。故填 went shpping。
2. played cmputer games 【解析】根据Passage 1中的第四句“Then we played cmputer games at hme. ”可知答案。故填played cmputer games。
3. agree 【解析】根据Passage 2中的网状图可推测，关于“做家务”有agree和 disagree 两种观点。故填 agree。
4. lk after themselves 【解析】根据Passage 2中的第二句“Sme students think it's gd fr them t learn t lk after themselves.”可知答案。故填 lk after themselves。
5. save 【解析】根据Passage 2中的最后一句“They think they shuld save the time n husewrk fr learning their lessns.”可知答案。故填save。
话题2 咨询建议
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了库里提巴这个城市在垃圾分类过程中出现的问题以及解决方案。
1. Reasns/The reasns/Tw reasns 【解析】根据第一段中“”可知是介绍出现垃圾收集问题的原因。
2. Garbage trucks 【解析】根据第一段第三句“Secnd, its garbage trucks d nt fit n sme f the streets in the city's lwincme(低收入) neighbrhds.”可知有些社区街道垃圾车进不去。
3. was set up 【解析】根据第二段第二句“The city set up a central recycling center fr srting(把……分类)recyclable materials... ”可知是政府建立的。
4. transprt trash 【解析】根据第三段最后一句“They get lwincme residents(居民)t jin in the city's recycling prgram by having them transprt trash frm neighbrhds ...”可知答案。
5. can make a difference/can play a rle 【解析】根据最后一段最后一句“ can make green living pssible.”可知答案。根据语境和空后的in可知此句可转换为每个人都可以在创建绿色生活中发挥作用(扮演角色)。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。告诉我们如果邻居经常制造噪音，可以通过哪些方式来处理。最重要的是需要礼貌友好的沟通，在万不得已的情况下可以报警。在日常生活中，我们要时刻注意自己的行为是否会给他人造成困扰，做一个为他人着想、体谅他人情绪的人。
1. prperly 【解析】根据第一段最后一句“This situatin needs t be dealt with prperly, which requires yur ability t keep calm.”可知，这种情况需要恰当地处理。故填prperly。
2. Methds/Ways 【解析】表格将文章分成了三部分，第一部分是“Intrductin”总体介绍，第三部分是“Cnclusin”总结，根据“Cmmunicating with yur neighbrs”“Writing letters”和“Reprting t lcal authrities”可知在空缺的第二部分中提供了三种解决该问题的方式。故填Methds/Ways。
3. Cmmunicating 【解析】根据表格中的“Writing letters”和“Reprting t lcal authrities ”可知，该空也是一种解决方式，由第二段第一句“Yu shuld first try t tell yur nisy neighbrs abut the nise.”可知，这里告诉我们首先要和吵闹的邻居沟通。故填Cmmunicating。
4. hnestly 【解析】根据第二段第四句“Explain the prblem in an hnest way, and ask the neighbr t turn dwn the music, r nt t hld parties until 3 a．m.”可知，用诚恳的方式说明问题，此处修饰动词应用副词形式。故填hnestly。
5. bther 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“Yu can als add that yu realize they hear yur nise t, and yu are certainly willing t try t stp anything in yur behavir that is creating extra nise.”可知，你还可以补充说，你意识到他们也听到了你的噪音，你当然愿意努力停止造成额外的噪音的任何行为，此处表达需要向邻居表示你也不会打扰到他。故填bther。
6. fllw 【解析】根据第三段第一句“Yu shuld knw that nt all neighbrs are ging t fllw yur requirement, and sme may act in a bad manner.”可知，并不是所有邻居都会遵从你的要求，有些人可能会做出不好的行为。故填fllw。
7. dates 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句“The letter shuld shw yur grievances(不满) and the dates when the nise was quite terrible.”可知，这封信需要表达你的不满和噪音特别严重时的日期。故填dates。
8. cntinues 【解析】根据第四段第一句“When the nise remains ging n, yu shuld reprt it t lcal authrities(权力部门), r even the plice department, when it is really necessary.”可知，当噪音还在持续，非常必要时你应该向当地权力部门或警察局举报。故填cntinues。
9. slved 【解析】根据第四段最后一句“Often, hwever, the prblem is slved when the nisy neighbr knws yu are ging t call the plice.”可知，当吵闹的邻居知道你要报警时，通常问题就被解决了。故填slved。
10. patient 【解析】根据最后一段最后一句“Just have patience and remember that cmmunicatin is the mst imprtant.”可知，要有耐心，并且沟通是最重要的。故填patient。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了学习单词的一些方法。例如：通过记录高频词汇或者在一个例句中写出一个新词记录单词；通过用相似的声音，用这个单词造一些有趣的句子；或用画图的方法以及不断重复句子来学习单词。
1. Hw 【解析】根据文章主要内容可知，本文主要介绍了怎样去学习单词，此空位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Hw。
2. key 【解析】根据文中第一段第一句“Wrds are the key t language.”可知，是因为单词对语言来说，非常关键，所以如果想提高英语，需要学习单词。故填key。
3. recrd 【解析】根据表格右侧的两个句子，可知这是在介绍如何记录单词，文章中第一个小标题为“Recrding wrds”，不定式符号t后用动词原形。故填recrd。
4. high 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“ special attentin t the high frequency wrds and all their assciated(有关联的) frms.”可知，要特别注意高频词及其所有相关形式。故填high。
5. example 【解析】根据第三段第一句“When yu want t recrd a new wrd r expressin, remember t write it ut in an example sentence.”可知，当你想记录一个新单词或新的表达时，请记住将其写在例句中。故填example。
6. sunds 【解析】根据第五段第一句“Use the pwer f the similar sunds between wrds！”可知，可以利用一些单词间相似的发音来记单词。故填sunds。
7. funny 【解析】根据第六段第二句“Simply make a funny sentence with the wrd.”可知，我们可以用这个词造一个有趣的句子。故填funny。
8. Draw 【解析】根据第七段第一、二句“If yu're really having prblems learning yur wrd, draw a picture f yur funny sentence. This will really help yu remember it.”可知，画画可以帮助我们记忆单词，参照前面的格式可知此处应用动词原形且首字母需大写。故填Draw。
9. until 【解析】根据倒数第二段第一句“Finally, repeat the sentence many times t get it engraved(铭记) in yur heart.”可知，此处表示重复句子很多遍直到记住它。故填until。
10. wn 【解析】根据文章最后一段“Try these methds and find yur wn ways t learn wrds and expressins.”可知，我们应尝试这些方法，并找到自己学习单词和表达的方法。故填wn。
话题3 人物介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要对孔子的一生及他的思想对后世的影响进行了介绍。
1. Experiences 【解析】根据图表中所列内容可知，此处主要介绍孔子的经历。故填Experiences。
2. Eastern thught; Chinese culture 【解析】根据第二段“Cnfucius' teachings frmed the base f Chinese thught. Cnfucius thught everyne shuld develp virtues(美德) and always d the right thing. Cnfucius' thught is cnsidered t have been the necessity f Eastern thught.”和最后一段第一句“It is clear that Cnfucius' thught will cntinue t be a necessary part f Chinese culture.”可知孔子的思想是东方思想和中国文化的必要组成部分。故填 Eastern thught; Chinese culture。
3. develping virtues 【解析】根据第三段第一句中“ taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese.”可知此处他的主要思想包括发扬美德。故填develping virtues。
4. Ren 【解析】根据图表内容中的“ren: kindness, charity”可知题干中的“peple wh believe in it will lve everyne in the wrld.”指的是仁。故填Ren。
5. treat thers(and urselves)/behave twards thers; learn frm thers 【解析】根据文中这句话的意思是己所不欲，勿施于人可知谚语A教会我们如何对待他人，故填treat thers；第二句话意为三人行，必有我师，告诉人们要谦虚，要向他人学习，即learn frm ther。故填treat thers(and urselves)/behave twards thers; learn frm thers。
Electric cars vs Gasline cars
Intrductin
With the appearance f electric cars, peple wnder whether electric cars can achieve the 1. ____________ standards as gasline cars.
Similarity
Electric cars and gasline cars lk similar n the utside.
2. ____
______
______
Electric cars
•Having fewer parts reduces the 3. ____________ f their maintenance and the 4. ____________ f having mechanical prblems.
•5. ____________ with gasline cars, electric cars are mre energysaving, making them cheaper t perate.
•Having n tailpipe emissins, they are mre envirnmentally 6. ____________．
•It 7. ____________ mre time fr electric cars t get charged.
Gasline cars
•Gas cars can cver a 8. ____________ distance n a full tank than electric cars n a full charge.
•Gas cars are mre 9. ____________ t pwer up.
Cnclusin
Bth electric cars and gasline cars have their wn benefits, which prvides peple with a 10. ____________.
Trading in n Trash
Paragraph
Main idea
Supprting details
One
1. ____________ fr Curitiba's trash cllectin prblem
★There is nly ne landfill in Curitiba.
★2. ____________ cannt reach every crner f the city.
Tw
Actins and influences f Garbage That Is Nt Garbage
★A central recycling center 3. ____________ by the gvernment.
★Kids understd the imprtance f recycling better.
★Curitiba's recycling rate is pretty high.
Three
Câmbi Verde's and Cmpra d Lix's ways f invlving lwincme residents
★They make lwincme residents 4. ____________ frm their neighbrhds t certain places.
Fur
Results f recycling prgrams and cnclusin
★Peple's way f life is imprved.
★Curitiba can manage its trash better.
★Everyne 5. ____________ in making green living pssible.
Intrductin
A nisy neighbr makes life challenging, but the prblem needs t be dealt with 1. ____________.
2. ____
______
3. ____________with yur neighbrs
Start the cnversatin with pliteness.
Explain the prblem 4. ____________， and ask the neighbr t reduce nise.
Admit(承认) that yu make nise t, and prmise nt t 5. ____________ yur neighbr any mre.
Writing letters
Sme neighbrs wn't 6. ____________ yur requirement r change their behavir.
Shw yur grievances and the 7. ____________ when the nise was quite terrible.
Reprting t lcal authrities
If the nise 8. ____________， yu shuld reprt it t lcal authrities when really necessary.
Usually, the prblem will be 9. ____________ when the nisy neighbr knws yu will call the plice.
Cnclusin
Dn't deal with the prblem in an angry r retaliatry fashin.
Keep 10. ____________ and try t talk with yur neighbrs.
1. ____________ t learn wrds
Intrd
uctin
Yu need t learn lts f wrds if yu want t imprve yur English because they are the 2. ____________ t language.
Ways
T 3. __________ wrds
*Pay attentin t the 4. ____________ frequency wrds and their assciated frms.
*Write a new wrd ut in an 5. ____________ sentence.
T learn wrds
*Use the pwer f the similar 6. ____________ between wrds.
*Try t make a 7. ____________ sentence with the wrd.
*8. ____________ pictures t help yu remember the wrds.
*Repeat the sentence many times 9. ____________ yu remember it.
Cncl
usin
Find yur 10. ____________ ways t learn wrds and expressins.
(时间：8～10分钟/篇 分值：2分/小题)
话题1 说明介绍
Passage 1(2020南京)
Cars pwered by gasline were sld fr many years befre hybrid vehicles that use gasline, electricity, and slar energy. Car cmpanies are nw making cars that are fully pwered by electricity nly. Hw d these electric cars measure up t(符合标准) traditinal gasline cars?
Electric and gasline vehicles lk similar n the utside. They have very different parts under their hds, thugh. Electric cars have ne main mving part: the mtr. But gas cars literally have hundreds f parts, ften requiring frequent maintenance(保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper t maintain and less likely t have mechanical prblems.
Electric vehicles are energy efficient, als making them cheaper t perate. It csts abut $1.00 t travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear cntrast t a gas car, which csts abut $1. 25 t g 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can g twice as far as a gas car fr the same price.
Electric vehicles d nt have tailpipe emissins, making them mre friendly t the envirnment, t.
While sme details make electric cars seem attractive, ther details aren't as favrable. Fr example, sme electric cars can travel nly 60 t 120 miles n a full charge(充电). Mst gas cars can drive hundreds f miles n a full tank.
An electric car has t stp mre ften t get recharged. Therefre, a gas car wuld be a better ptin(选择) if yu have far t drive. And electric cars aren't as cnvenient(方便的) t pwer up as gas cars are. There are plenty f gas statins, but nt many charging statins fr electric cars. Then, nce an electric car reaches a charging statin, it can take up t six hurs t charge.
There are certainly benefits t bth electric cars and gasline cars. It's gd t knw that there is an ptin.
Passage 2(2020金华)
Gd readers ften use a flwchart(流程图) r webs(网状图) t have a better picture f what they read (see the drawings n the right)．
A flwchart is used t put events in a certain rder. Webs shw a main idea and supprting details(细节)．
Nw try t be a gd reader and finish the fllwing TWO tasks.
Task 1: Read Passage 1 and cmplete the flwchart.
Task 2: Read Passage 2 and cmplete the webs.
Passage 2: Students have different pinins abut ding husewrk. Sme students think it's gd fr them t learn t lk after themselves. Besides, they can learn t d their part in the family. Hwever, thers dn't agree. They think they shuld save the time n husewrk fr learning their lessns.
话题2 咨询建议
Passage 1(2020贵阳)
Trash cllectin is a prblem fr Curitiba. First, the city has nly ne landfill. Secnd, its garbage trucks d nt fit n sme f the streets in the city's lwincme(低收入) neighbrhds. Curitiba knew the slutin lay in getting everyne invlved(参加)．
In 1989, the city started a recycling prgram called Garbage That Is Nt Garbage. The city set up a central recycling center fr srting(把……分类) recyclable materials, fdbased and waste. Clrful cartn characters were symbls f different kinds f recyclable materials, which culd help children get t knw the imprtance f recycling. Cllectin bins were the same clrs as the cartns, reinfrcing (加强) the message. Peple made mney by picking up the trash at these bins and taking it t the center fr prcessing. Tday, Curitiba claims t have the highest recycling rate f any city in the wrld.
Câmbi Verde, the Green Exchange prgram, and Cmpra d Lix, the Buying f Garbage prgram, are successful recycling prgrams in Curitiba. They get lwincme residents(居民) t jin in the city's recycling prgram by having them transprt trash frm neighbrhds that are hard fr garbage trucks t reach.
Depending n what they deliver, peple exchange their trash fr cash, fd and services. Their way f life is imprved, and the city is better able t manage its trash. These prgrams are ne way Curitiba has gtten creative as a green city. It shws hw invlving everyne can make green living pssible.
Passage 2(2020泰州)
Nisy neighbrs are a cmmn prblem in a sciety where many peple live clsely tgether. And this can be mst imprtant when yu share walls, flrs r ceilings with neighbrs in a flat. A nisy neighbr can make life challenging, especially if nise ges well int night, r happens during early mrning hurs. This situatin needs t be dealt with prperly, which requires yur ability t keep calm.
Yu shuld first try t tell yur nisy neighbrs abut the nise. This cnversatin shuld be plite, even friendly. It can begin with a statement like “I am nt sure yu are aware”. Explain the prblem in an hnest way, and ask the neighbr t turn dwn the music, r nt t hld parties until 3 a．m. Yu can als add that yu realize they hear yur nise t, and yu are certainly willing t try t stp anything in yur behavir that is creating extra nise.
Yu shuld knw that nt all neighbrs are ging t fllw yur requirement, and sme may act in a bad manner. If the nisy neighbrs dn't change their behavir, the next step shuld be t write the neighbrs a letter. The letter shuld shw yur grievances(不满) and the dates when the nise was quite terrible. Fr example, if yur neighbr has lud gatherings every Friday night that last int the early mrning, then write dwn thse dates.
When the nise remains ging n, yu shuld reprt it t lcal authrities(权力部门), r even the plice department, when it is really necessary. Often, hwever, the prblem is slved when the nisy neighbr knws yu are ging t call the plice.
D be aware that yu cannt always require nisy neighbrs t be quiet. When the nise remains ging n, it is wise nt t deal with it in an angry r retaliatry(报复性的) fashin. If yu have cmpleted the steps and letter, dn't start hitting walls r flrs arund in yur hme r turning up the music t make yur neighbrs angry. Just have patience and remember that cmmunicatin is the mst imprtant.
Passage 3(2020盐城)
Wrds are the key t language. And if yu want t imprve yur ability t speak, listen and write in English, yu have t learn lts f wrds. Here are sme ideas t help yu.
1. Recrding wrds
Imprtant wrds
Sme wrds are mre imprtant than ther wrds. Fr example, the high frequency wrd(高频词) “rain” is very cmmn and can be fund in a number f imprtant expressins. Fr example, rainbw, raincat, rainfrest, rainy, pur with rain... Where pssible, pay special attentin t the high frequency wrds and all their assciated(有关联的) frms.
Sentences
When yu want t recrd a new wrd r expressin, remember t write it ut in an example sentence. This will give yu useful infrmatin abut the way the wrd r term is used, and the ther wrds ften assciated with it. Fr example, a) Rain—It's been puring with rain. b) Raincat—I put n my raincat.
2. Learning wrds
Sme wrds are easy t learn. Fr example, the English wrd “sfa” is similar in Chinese (sha fa). Other wrds are mre difficult, but these ideas might help yu.
Wrd sunds
Use the pwer f the similar sunds between wrds! Fr example, imagine yu wanted t learn the wrd “whale”. Simply think f a wrd that sunds like “whale” in English r in yur wn language. Then, make a sentence with this wrd. Fr example, “The whale has a lng tail.”
Funny sentences
Use the pwer f humur! Simply make a funny sentence with the wrd. This will help yu remember the wrd mre easily. Fr example, “William the whale was using his tail t sail the bat.”
Pictures
If yu're really having prblems learning yur wrd, draw a picture f yur funny sentence. This will really help yu remember it. And the funnier the picture is, the better!
Repetitin(重复)
Finally, repeat the sentence many times t get it engraved(铭记) in yur heart. Repetitin is a fantastic way f memrizing things.
Try these methds and find yur wn ways t learn wrds and expressins.
话题3 人物介绍
Passage 1(2020成都)
Cnfucius' life and thught
Cnfucius
Cnfucius(551－479 BC) was a great thinker and teacher in the Spring and Autumn Perid f China. He was brn in Qufu, capital f the state f Lu(part f Shandng). He acted as an fficial(官员) there. But he was perhaps a better thinker than he was an fficial and he ended up having t leave the state f Lu. He spent 13 years travelling arund the ther states, spreading his ideas. And he tried t teach peple that peace was very imprtant fr a healthy sciety. Hwever, it was nt until the rule f Emperr Wu f Han Dynasty(156－87 BC) that his ideas were finally put int practice. In his last few years, he returned t Qufu where he spent the rest f his life teaching. His teachings were recrded by his fllwers in a bk called Lunyu.
Cnfucius' teachings frmed the base f Chinese thught. Cnfucius thught everyne shuld develp virtues(美德) and always d the right thing. Cnfucius' thught is cnsidered t have been the necessity f Eastern thught.
T help peple understand hw t behave twards thers, he taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese. They are ren(kindness, charity), yi(fairness), li(ceremny, traditin), zhi(knwledge), and xin(trust). Anther virtue is xia. Xia is the duties a persn has t their parents. It means lving, respecting, beying(服从), and taking care f ne's parents in their ld age. Xia frms the base f a peaceful sciety. And he is the final gal accrding t his thught. It means scial peace.
Here's ne f Cnfucius' famus sayings, “D nt d t thers as yu d nt wish t be dne t yu.” Anther saying f his is “In the cmpany f tw thers, I can always find ne wrthy f being my teacher.”
It is clear that Cnfucius' thught will cntinue t be a necessary part f Chinese culture. And it will cntinue t d smething gd t the develpment f China and even the whle wrld.
题型六 完成表格型阅读
话题分类集训
话题1 说明介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要将电动汽车和燃油汽车的相似和不同之处进行对比。尽管它们外表上看起来很相似，但是电动汽车保养费用低、出故障的概率低，而且节能又环保，但是需要花更长时间去充电。而燃油汽车跑的距离更长，并且加油比电动汽车充电要更加方便。所以燃油汽车和电动汽车都有各自的好处。
1. same 【解析】根据第一段最后一句“Hw d these electric cars measure up t(符合标准) traditinal gasline cars？”可知，人们想要知道这些电动汽车能否达到和燃油汽车一样的标准。故填same。
2. Differences 【解析】根据表格上一行“Similarity”，以及表格右边的“Electric cars”和 “Gasline cars”可知，该空内容主要概括电动汽车和燃油汽车的区别。因为本空位于句首，所以首字母大写。 故填Differences。
3. cst(s) 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper t maintain and less likely t have mechanical prblems.”可知，零部件更少能够降低保养的成本，表示“成本”应用名词cst。结合句意可知，本题cst单复数均可，故填cst(s)。
4. pssibility/pssibilities 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper t maintain and less likely t have mechanical prblems.”可知，零部件更少会让电动汽车保养起来更便宜，并且出机械问题的可能性更小，此处表示“可能性”，所以应用名词pssibility。结合句意可知，本题pssibility单复数均可，故填pssibility/pssibilities。
5. Cmpared 【解析】根据第三段第一句“Electric vehicles are energy efficient, als making them cheaper t perate.” 可知，与燃油汽车相比，电动汽车是节能的，这使得它们运行起来更便宜。分析句子结构可知，空格处作状语，表示“与……相比”，应用过去分词cmpared。因为本空位于句首，所以首字母要大写。 故填Cmpared。
6. friendly 【解析】根据第四段“Electric vehicles d nt have tailpipe emissins, making them mre friendly t the envirnment, t.” 可知电动汽车没有尾气排放，这使得它们对环境更友好。分析句子结构可知，空格处作表语。故填friendly。
7. takes 【解析】根据第六段最后一句“Then, nce an electric car reaches a charging statin，it can take up t six hurs t charge.” 可知，一旦一辆电动车到达充电站，它可能会花多达六个小时来充电。分析句子结构可知，本题考查句型It takes ＋时间段＋fr sb.＋t d＋sth.。结合句意可知是在陈述客观事实，并且主语是it，所以谓语动词用单三形式。故填takes。
8. lnger 【解析】根据第五段第二、三句“Fr example, sme electric cars can travel nly 60 t 120 miles n a full charge(充电). Mst gas cars can drive hundreds f miles n a full tank.” 可知，燃油汽车加满油能够比电动汽车行驶更长的距离。分析句子结构可知空格处作定语修饰名词distance，表示“更长的”应用形容词lnger。故填lnger。
9. cnvenient 【解析】根据第六段第三句“And electric cars aren't as cnvenient(方便的) t pwer up as gas cars are.”可知，燃油汽车加油比电动汽车充电更方便。分析句子结构可知空格处作表语且被mre修饰，所以应用形容词，表示“方便的”。故填cnvenient。
10. chice 【解析】根据最后一段“There are certainly benefits t bth electric cars and gasline cars. It's gd t knw that there is an ptin.” 可知，电动汽车和燃油汽车各有优点，这就给我们提供了一个选择的机会。此处表示 “选择”且空前有a修饰，应用名词chice。故填chice。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了两种常用的类似思维导图的图片记事方法——流程图和网状图。
1. went shpping 【解析】根据Passage 1中的第二句“In the mrning, we went shpping but we bught nthing.”可知答案。故填 went shpping。
2. played cmputer games 【解析】根据Passage 1中的第四句“Then we played cmputer games at hme. ”可知答案。故填played cmputer games。
3. agree 【解析】根据Passage 2中的网状图可推测，关于“做家务”有agree和 disagree 两种观点。故填 agree。
4. lk after themselves 【解析】根据Passage 2中的第二句“Sme students think it's gd fr them t learn t lk after themselves.”可知答案。故填 lk after themselves。
5. save 【解析】根据Passage 2中的最后一句“They think they shuld save the time n husewrk fr learning their lessns.”可知答案。故填save。
话题2 咨询建议
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了库里提巴这个城市在垃圾分类过程中出现的问题以及解决方案。
1. Reasns/The reasns/Tw reasns 【解析】根据第一段中“”可知是介绍出现垃圾收集问题的原因。
2. Garbage trucks 【解析】根据第一段第三句“Secnd, its garbage trucks d nt fit n sme f the streets in the city's lwincme(低收入) neighbrhds.”可知有些社区街道垃圾车进不去。
3. was set up 【解析】根据第二段第二句“The city set up a central recycling center fr srting(把……分类)recyclable materials... ”可知是政府建立的。
4. transprt trash 【解析】根据第三段最后一句“They get lwincme residents(居民)t jin in the city's recycling prgram by having them transprt trash frm neighbrhds ...”可知答案。
5. can make a difference/can play a rle 【解析】根据最后一段最后一句“ can make green living pssible.”可知答案。根据语境和空后的in可知此句可转换为每个人都可以在创建绿色生活中发挥作用(扮演角色)。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。告诉我们如果邻居经常制造噪音，可以通过哪些方式来处理。最重要的是需要礼貌友好的沟通，在万不得已的情况下可以报警。在日常生活中，我们要时刻注意自己的行为是否会给他人造成困扰，做一个为他人着想、体谅他人情绪的人。
1. prperly 【解析】根据第一段最后一句“This situatin needs t be dealt with prperly, which requires yur ability t keep calm.”可知，这种情况需要恰当地处理。故填prperly。
2. Methds/Ways 【解析】表格将文章分成了三部分，第一部分是“Intrductin”总体介绍，第三部分是“Cnclusin”总结，根据“Cmmunicating with yur neighbrs”“Writing letters”和“Reprting t lcal authrities”可知在空缺的第二部分中提供了三种解决该问题的方式。故填Methds/Ways。
3. Cmmunicating 【解析】根据表格中的“Writing letters”和“Reprting t lcal authrities ”可知，该空也是一种解决方式，由第二段第一句“Yu shuld first try t tell yur nisy neighbrs abut the nise.”可知，这里告诉我们首先要和吵闹的邻居沟通。故填Cmmunicating。
4. hnestly 【解析】根据第二段第四句“Explain the prblem in an hnest way, and ask the neighbr t turn dwn the music, r nt t hld parties until 3 a．m.”可知，用诚恳的方式说明问题，此处修饰动词应用副词形式。故填hnestly。
5. bther 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“Yu can als add that yu realize they hear yur nise t, and yu are certainly willing t try t stp anything in yur behavir that is creating extra nise.”可知，你还可以补充说，你意识到他们也听到了你的噪音，你当然愿意努力停止造成额外的噪音的任何行为，此处表达需要向邻居表示你也不会打扰到他。故填bther。
6. fllw 【解析】根据第三段第一句“Yu shuld knw that nt all neighbrs are ging t fllw yur requirement, and sme may act in a bad manner.”可知，并不是所有邻居都会遵从你的要求，有些人可能会做出不好的行为。故填fllw。
7. dates 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句“The letter shuld shw yur grievances(不满) and the dates when the nise was quite terrible.”可知，这封信需要表达你的不满和噪音特别严重时的日期。故填dates。
8. cntinues 【解析】根据第四段第一句“When the nise remains ging n, yu shuld reprt it t lcal authrities(权力部门), r even the plice department, when it is really necessary.”可知，当噪音还在持续，非常必要时你应该向当地权力部门或警察局举报。故填cntinues。
9. slved 【解析】根据第四段最后一句“Often, hwever, the prblem is slved when the nisy neighbr knws yu are ging t call the plice.”可知，当吵闹的邻居知道你要报警时，通常问题就被解决了。故填slved。
10. patient 【解析】根据最后一段最后一句“Just have patience and remember that cmmunicatin is the mst imprtant.”可知，要有耐心，并且沟通是最重要的。故填patient。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了学习单词的一些方法。例如：通过记录高频词汇或者在一个例句中写出一个新词记录单词；通过用相似的声音，用这个单词造一些有趣的句子；或用画图的方法以及不断重复句子来学习单词。
1. Hw 【解析】根据文章主要内容可知，本文主要介绍了怎样去学习单词，此空位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Hw。
2. key 【解析】根据文中第一段第一句“Wrds are the key t language.”可知，是因为单词对语言来说，非常关键，所以如果想提高英语，需要学习单词。故填key。
3. recrd 【解析】根据表格右侧的两个句子，可知这是在介绍如何记录单词，文章中第一个小标题为“Recrding wrds”，不定式符号t后用动词原形。故填recrd。
4. high 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“ special attentin t the high frequency wrds and all their assciated(有关联的) frms.”可知，要特别注意高频词及其所有相关形式。故填high。
5. example 【解析】根据第三段第一句“When yu want t recrd a new wrd r expressin, remember t write it ut in an example sentence.”可知，当你想记录一个新单词或新的表达时，请记住将其写在例句中。故填example。
6. sunds 【解析】根据第五段第一句“Use the pwer f the similar sunds between wrds！”可知，可以利用一些单词间相似的发音来记单词。故填sunds。
7. funny 【解析】根据第六段第二句“Simply make a funny sentence with the wrd.”可知，我们可以用这个词造一个有趣的句子。故填funny。
8. Draw 【解析】根据第七段第一、二句“If yu're really having prblems learning yur wrd, draw a picture f yur funny sentence. This will really help yu remember it.”可知，画画可以帮助我们记忆单词，参照前面的格式可知此处应用动词原形且首字母需大写。故填Draw。
9. until 【解析】根据倒数第二段第一句“Finally, repeat the sentence many times t get it engraved(铭记) in yur heart.”可知，此处表示重复句子很多遍直到记住它。故填until。
10. wn 【解析】根据文章最后一段“Try these methds and find yur wn ways t learn wrds and expressins.”可知，我们应尝试这些方法，并找到自己学习单词和表达的方法。故填wn。
话题3 人物介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要对孔子的一生及他的思想对后世的影响进行了介绍。
1. Experiences 【解析】根据图表中所列内容可知，此处主要介绍孔子的经历。故填Experiences。
2. Eastern thught; Chinese culture 【解析】根据第二段“Cnfucius' teachings frmed the base f Chinese thught. Cnfucius thught everyne shuld develp virtues(美德) and always d the right thing. Cnfucius' thught is cnsidered t have been the necessity f Eastern thught.”和最后一段第一句“It is clear that Cnfucius' thught will cntinue t be a necessary part f Chinese culture.”可知孔子的思想是东方思想和中国文化的必要组成部分。故填 Eastern thught; Chinese culture。
3. develping virtues 【解析】根据第三段第一句中“ taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese.”可知此处他的主要思想包括发扬美德。故填develping virtues。
4. Ren 【解析】根据图表内容中的“ren: kindness, charity”可知题干中的“peple wh believe in it will lve everyne in the wrld.”指的是仁。故填Ren。
5. treat thers(and urselves)/behave twards thers; learn frm thers 【解析】根据文中这句话的意思是己所不欲，勿施于人可知谚语A教会我们如何对待他人，故填treat thers；第二句话意为三人行，必有我师，告诉人们要谦虚，要向他人学习，即learn frm ther。故填treat thers(and urselves)/behave twards thers; learn frm thers。
Electric cars vs Gasline cars
Intrductin
With the appearance f electric cars, peple wnder whether electric cars can achieve the 1. ____________ standards as gasline cars.
Similarity
Electric cars and gasline cars lk similar n the utside.
2. ____
______
______
Electric cars
•Having fewer parts reduces the 3. ____________ f their maintenance and the 4. ____________ f having mechanical prblems.
•5. ____________ with gasline cars, electric cars are mre energysaving, making them cheaper t perate.
•Having n tailpipe emissins, they are mre envirnmentally 6. ____________．
•It 7. ____________ mre time fr electric cars t get charged.
Gasline cars
•Gas cars can cver a 8. ____________ distance n a full tank than electric cars n a full charge.
•Gas cars are mre 9. ____________ t pwer up.
Cnclusin
Bth electric cars and gasline cars have their wn benefits, which prvides peple with a 10. ____________.
Trading in n Trash
Paragraph
Main idea
Supprting details
One
1. ____________ fr Curitiba's trash cllectin prblem
★There is nly ne landfill in Curitiba.
★2. ____________ cannt reach every crner f the city.
Tw
Actins and influences f Garbage That Is Nt Garbage
★A central recycling center 3. ____________ by the gvernment.
★Kids understd the imprtance f recycling better.
★Curitiba's recycling rate is pretty high.
Three
Câmbi Verde's and Cmpra d Lix's ways f invlving lwincme residents
★They make lwincme residents 4. ____________ frm their neighbrhds t certain places.
Fur
Results f recycling prgrams and cnclusin
★Peple's way f life is imprved.
★Curitiba can manage its trash better.
★Everyne 5. ____________ in making green living pssible.
Intrductin
A nisy neighbr makes life challenging, but the prblem needs t be dealt with 1. ____________.
2. ____
______
3. ____________with yur neighbrs
Start the cnversatin with pliteness.
Explain the prblem 4. ____________， and ask the neighbr t reduce nise.
Admit(承认) that yu make nise t, and prmise nt t 5. ____________ yur neighbr any mre.
Writing letters
Sme neighbrs wn't 6. ____________ yur requirement r change their behavir.
Shw yur grievances and the 7. ____________ when the nise was quite terrible.
Reprting t lcal authrities
If the nise 8. ____________， yu shuld reprt it t lcal authrities when really necessary.
Usually, the prblem will be 9. ____________ when the nisy neighbr knws yu will call the plice.
Cnclusin
Dn't deal with the prblem in an angry r retaliatry fashin.
Keep 10. ____________ and try t talk with yur neighbrs.
1. ____________ t learn wrds
Intrd
uctin
Yu need t learn lts f wrds if yu want t imprve yur English because they are the 2. ____________ t language.
Ways
T 3. __________ wrds
*Pay attentin t the 4. ____________ frequency wrds and their assciated frms.
*Write a new wrd ut in an 5. ____________ sentence.
T learn wrds
*Use the pwer f the similar 6. ____________ between wrds.
*Try t make a 7. ____________ sentence with the wrd.
*8. ____________ pictures t help yu remember the wrds.
*Repeat the sentence many times 9. ____________ yu remember it.
Cncl
usin
Find yur 10. ____________ ways t learn wrds and expressins.
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