人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet学案

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet学案，共4页。

现在完成时的被动语态
[观察例句]
1．Much has been written abut the Great Wall.
2．Many peple have been helped by the club.
3．Jan's life has been greatly imprved by the Internet.
4．Lk at the way yur face has been washed.
5．Tday I thught I'd answer a questin that has been asked many times—hw d yu stay safe nline and avid bad experiences n the Internet?
[归纳句法]
一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成
have/has＋been＋过去分词
二、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
The city has been swept thrugh by heat wave recently.
最近热浪横扫了这座城市。
His wrk has nt been finished.
他的工作尚未完成。
Have the new bking systems fr tickets been used?
新的订票系统已在使用中了吗？
Hw lng has the battery nt been changed?
电池多久没有更换了？
[即学即练1] 句型转换
The children have already been tld the gd news.
①The children haven't been tld the gd news yet.(改为否定句)
②Have the children been tld the gd news yet？(改为一般疑问句)
③Wh has been tld the gd news yet？(对the children进行提问)
三、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。
通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语s far，by nw，up till nw，befre...等连用。
The wrk has already been finished.
工作已完成了。(结果是现在不用做这项工作了)
The dctr hasn't been sent fr yet.
还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。
常与fr或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于Hw lng...？句型中。
The machine has been repaired fr tw hurs.
这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
3．用在时间或条件等状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
Yu can g hme as sn as yur task has been finished.
你的任务一完成就可以回家。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①In the last few years，thusands f films have been prduced(prduce) all ver the wrld.
②Thugh we dn't knw what was discussed，yet we can feel the tpic has been changed(change)．
四、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意的事项
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was pened t the public last year.
去年这家公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生在过去)
The park has been pened t the public.
这家公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经开放了)
2．非延续性动词
如brrw，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，pen，jin等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。
The wrk was finished tw weeks ag.
这项工作在两周前已经完成。
The wrk has been finished.
这项工作已经完成。
3．动词短语
动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the prblem has been lked int.
据说已经调查了这个问题。
4．带有复合宾语的动词
变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。
注意：原来作宾补的省略t的不定式在被动语态中要用带t的不定式。
I have tld them t help yu.
→They have been tld t help yu.
5．带有双宾语的动词
如give，send，bring，take，teach，shw，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，prmise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。
The cmpany has given him a chance t wrk abrad recently.
→He has been given a chance t wrk abrad recently (by the cmpany)．
→A chance t wrk abrad has been given t him recently (by the cmpany)．
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①The bridge near the village was built(build) last year.
②N bks have been bught(buy) since last week.
③An e­mail has been sent(send) t me by nw.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The dictinary is ut f date：many wrds have been added (add) t the language since it was published.
2．In recent years，stress has been regarded (regard) as a cause f a whle range f medical prblems，frm high bld pressure t mental illness.
3．When I reached the statin，the tickets had been sld (sell) ut.
4．This bk has been translated (translate) int many languages s far.
5．Our classrm has been cleaned (clean)，yu needn't clean it nw.
6．These flwers have been watered (water)，yu can g hme.
7．When yu get the paper back，pay special attentin t what has been marked (mark)．
8．The huse has been washed (wash) away by the strm yesterday.
9．The bks have been brrwed(brrw)by the teacher.
10．Hw many new wrds have been learned (learn) by the students up t nw?
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
Li Ming：Hi，Lin Ta.Hw nice 1.t see(see) yu n the first day f the new term!
Lin Ta：Yes.Nice t see yu again.
Li Ming：I knw that yur parents 2.have been wrking(wrk) in that city fr abut a year.Can yu tell me smething there after the earthquake?
Lin Ta：Of curse.Since the earthquake 3.happened(happen)，many sldiers 4.have been sent(send) there，and many kinds f supplies(物资) 5.have been carried(carry) there frm all ver the cuntry.Nw，mst peple there are living 6.a happy life again.
Li Ming：Hw abut the schls there?
Lin Ta：Several new schls 7.have been set(set) up and als sme schls 8.which were damaged in the earthquake 9.have been rebuilt(rebuild)．S all the students can g back t schl t study nw.
Li Ming：That's 10.wnderful(wnder)．I'm sure their life will be better and better.When will yur parents cme back?
Lin Ta：They will be back next mnth.
肯定式
主语＋have/has been dne...
否定式
主语＋have/has nt been dne...
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been dne...？
特殊疑问式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been dne...？