高考英语英语语法一轮复习——名词性从句（共52张PPT

这是一份高考英语英语语法一轮复习——名词性从句（共52张PPT，共52页。PPT课件主要包含了请你归纳等内容，欢迎下载使用。

请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句
What I want t d is taking a bath.The news that they wn the game spread the whle schl.I dn’t think he is an hnest by.The fact is that he stle the car.D yu knw the fact that he stle the car?D yu knw the man wh is standing ver there?It is said that they wn the game.
II. 名词性从句的引导词：
连接词 ：that、if、whether
2. 连接代词 ：wh、 whm 、whse、 what、 which (---ever)
3. 连接副词： when、 where、why、hw (--ever)
不可省略的连词： 1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chsen made us very happy. We heard the news that ur team had wn.
在复合句中作主语的从句.引导词有连词that，whether; 代词：wh, what ,which;副词：when ,where, hw, why等.
1.That he is a famus singer is knwn t us.(It is knwn t us that he is a famus singer.)
2.When he will g t America is nt yet fixed.(It is nt yet fixed when he will g t America.)
1.It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句
It is necessary / imprtant/ bvius that…
2.It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句
It is believed that… 人们相信…It is knwn t us all that …. 众所周知…It has been decided that…… 已经决定……
3.It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is cmmn knwledge that… …是常识It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…It is a fact that…… 事实是……
4.It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
It appears that… 似乎…It happens that …. 碰巧…It ccurred t me that…… 我突然想起……
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用 虚拟语气 “(shuld) +d”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (imprtant, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is suggested (requested, prpsed, desired, etc.) that…
主语从句中的“主谓一致”：
1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.
That they will cme _______certain.
2. What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.
What he wants ______these bks.What he wants ______sme water.
1_________　in the regulatins that yu shuld nt tell ther peple the pass wrd f yur e-mail accunt. .(2005上海) A. What is required B .What requires C It is required D. It requires2. The Freign Minister said, “_______ ur hpe that the tw sides will wrk twards peace.” (2006 北京) A. This B. There is C .That is D. It is3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_______ ur astrnauts desire t d is walk in space.(2004 上海) A .where B .what C .that D. hw
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1.She did nt knw what had happened.
2. Our success depends upn hw well we can cperate with ne anther.
3. I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 　由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如： We must never think (that) we are gd in everything while thers are gd in nthing.
注意：在demand，rder，suggest，decide，insist, desire, request, cmmand, dubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（shuld）+ 动词原形”。　　I insist that she (shuld) d her wrk alne. 我坚持要她自己工作。 The cmmander rdered that trps (shuld) set ff at nce. 司令员命令部队马上出发。
2. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if： a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“r nt”时；e. 后接动词不定式时。　　
Whether there is life n the mn is an interesting questin. 　　The questin is whether she shuld have a lw pinin f the test? 　　Everything depends n whether we have enugh mney. 　　I wnder whether he will cme r nt. Can yu tell me whether t g r t stay?
宾语从句中的“时态呼应”与“否定转移”
      若主句谓语动词为think, cnsider, suppse, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
He tld me that he ____________ his jb. (已经完成了工作)
I think he wn’t cme here. ( )I dn’t think he will cme here. ( )
had finished
4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如： I knw (that) he studies English every day. I knw (that) he studied English last term. I knw (that) he will study English next year. 　　I knw (that) he has studied English since 1998. 　　
当主句动词是过去时态（culd, wuld除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如： The teacher tld us that Tm had left us fr America．
宾语从句中用it作形式宾语
We think it ur duty that we shuld help thers.
注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。
我发现他两天之内完成工作是不可能的.
I find it impssible that he can finish the wrk in tw days.
Exercises: “it”作形式主语或形式宾语：
1.I hate ____  when peple talk with their muths full． A. it  B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel ____ strange that he shuld be s careless. A. / B. it C. that D. hw 3. It wrried her a bit  ____ her hair was turning grey. A．while B. that C．if  D．fr 4 Will yu see t ____ that the luggage is brught back? A. weB. yurselfC. itD. them
表语从句 表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。 其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。1. be, lk, remain, 等系动词后均可跟表语从句：My suggestin is that we shuld g shpping.2. as if 也可引导表语从句。 It lks as if it’s ging t rain.
3.the reasn why … is that … 和It is because …等结构。
It was because I gt up late.
在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词fact , news , idea , prmise, thught , suggestin, belief, truth 等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词有连词 that(不能省)；少数情况下也可用连接副词等.
1.The thught that we might succeed excited idea that they shuld try a secnd time is wrth suggestin that the plan (shuld) be delayed will be discussed tmrrw.
同位语从句和定语从句的区别： that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 I had n idea that yu were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略） Have yu gt the idea（that）this bk gives yu f life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
1.Dris’ success lies in the fact ________ she is c-perative and eager t learn frm thers.(2006 上海春季) A. which B. that C. when D. why2.D yu have any idea_______ is actually ging n in the classrm? (2005辽宁) A. that B. what c. as D. which3. There is a feeling in me ______ we’ll never knw what a UFO is– nt ever.(2002上海) A. that B. which c. f which D. what4.Infrmatin has been put frward_______ mre middle schl graduates will be admitted int universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as
考点一：区别that , what与which考点二：区别whether 与if 考点三：区别 what, whatever, 与 n matter what ...考点四：it 作形式主语或形式宾语考点五：名词性从句的语序
名词性从句考点归纳 :
考点1：连接词： that 与 what 的区别
What he said makes me happy.That a new teacher will cme is true .
that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任 何成分, 且在宾语从句中有时可省。 what 既起连接作用, 又在从句中作 主语, 宾语, 表 语 (且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）
what引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语，宾语或 表语。
____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.2. China is n lnger ____ it used t be.3. There were even sme grandparents wh came t see _____ it was all abut.4. A mdern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ag.5. At last the sldiers reached _____ the lcals called the Three Grges.
It is widely accepted ____ the earth ges arund the sun.2. The prblem is _____ we can’t finish the wrk in time.3. We express the hpe ________ they will cme t visit China again.4. We all hpe ________ the 2008 Olympic Games will be the best ever, and ______ the athletes and visitrs will enjy China and Beijing.
That the earths ges arund the sun is widely accepted.
1. _______ he said s made us angry . _______ he said at the meeting made us angry.2. A cmputer can nly d_________ yu have instructed it t d. （01全国） 3. 中国不再是过去的样子了。4. A mdern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ag. （04天津） A. what B. which C. that D. where
China is n lnger ______ it used t be.
B : what (什么) / which ( 表选择, 哪一个)
1. --- D yu knw _______ Mr Black’s address is ? ---He may live at N. 18 r N. 19 f Bridge Street. I’m nt sure f _______. 2. I read abut it in sme bk r ther, des it matter ______ it was?
考点2. 区别if 与whether
1. I dn’t knw __________ I’ll be free tmrrw.2. I dn’t knw _______ r nt I’ll be free tmrrw.3. The questin is _______ this bk is wrth writing.
whether / if
5. It depends n _______ we will have enugh mney.6. _______ they can d it matters little t us.7. _____ yu are nt free tmrrw, I’ll g withut yu.
a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f. 直接加动词不定式只能用whether （t d）g whether r nt 直接连用时不用if
只能使用whether 的情况：
四、whether是否。主语从句；表语从句；同位语从句； 介词后的宾语从句；不定式且常与r nt 连用。
________ we’ll g camping tmrrw depends n the weather.2. The argument _______ we’ll have a sprts meet remains t be settled.3. It all depends n ________ they will supprt us.4. He desn’t knw ________ t stay r nt.5. We didn’t knw ________ r nt she was ready.
___________________等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而____________等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。
whever, whatever
考点3. what,whatever,wh,whever
Wh will take the psitin isn’t decided.
1.__________ was said here must be kept we need is mre has taken away my bag is breaks the law will be punished.
N matter wh destrys the frest will be punished.
n matter… 只能引导状语从句，…ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.
n matter wh/what与whever /whatever
Whever destrys the frest will be punished . （ 正 ）
1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。___________________________ is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。________________________desn’t matter.
It desn’t matter whether…
That he made such a mistake
It is a pity that…
考点 ４ ：it作形式主语,形式宾语
it 作形式主语
Whether he will cme r nt
用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an hnr that …非常荣幸 It is cmmn knwledge that …是常识(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是…(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎…(4) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句 It is reprted that… 据报道… It has been prved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说…
It is reprted/ thught/said that… It is clear/necessary/certainthat… It is a pity/a shame/an hnr that… It desn’t matter whether… It seems that… It happens that…
Can yu understand them?
This is a fact that English is being accepted as an internatinal language .2. It wrried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray. 　 A. while B. that C. if D. fr
it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用 like/dislike/lve/hate/appreciate/make+it + if 或when从句
make /find/ feel / cnsider / think it + adj / n + that… / t d…
I hate it when peple laugh at the disabled .
1. I’ve gt t make clear that he tld a lie.I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 ) A. this B. that C. it D. ne3. 他发现很难使别人理解他. He fund _________________________________.
it difficult t make himself understd
1. The phtgraphs will shw yu _______．（MET89） A. what des ur village lk like B. what ur village lks like C. hw des ur village lk like D. hw ur village lks like
3. He asked _______ fr a vilin. （ 92） A. did I pay hw much B. I paid hw much C. hw much did I pay D. hw much I paid
2. Yu can hardly imagine ______when he heard the news .A. hw he was excitedB. hw was he excitedC. hw excited he wasD. he was hw excited
Since yu have seen bth fighters, ____ will win? A. d yu think wh B. wh yu think C. whever D. wh d yu think2. I’d like t knw ___________ t her. A. what d yu think has happened B. d yu think what has happened C. what yu think has happened D. yu think what has happened3. Culd yu tell me ________ ? A. where d yu think the accident happened B. where yu think the accident happened C. d yu think where the accident happened D. where yu think did the accident happen
1.It nw appears ______ they are in need f help. A. that B. which C. what D. hw2.It is gd news ______ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. hw3.It ______ Je drives badly. A. thught that B. thinks that C. is thught D. is thught that
4.It ______ he is late fr class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what5.This is ______ she was brn. A. where B. which C. that D. what6.The questin is ______ we can’t g there tday. A. that B. what C. which D. when
7.The questin is ______ it is wrth ding. A. if B. whether C. which D. what8.The reasn he has made such great prgress is _______ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My suggestin is ______ we shuld turn the land int rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where
10.His prpsal is that the dam ______ at the ft f the muntain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he ______ regular huse. A. keep B. wuld keep C. keeps D. kept12.______ knws the truth will tell yu abut it. A. Wh that B. Whever C. Whm that D. That wh
13.We all knw the truth _____ the earth ges rund the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether14.We heard the news ______ ur team had wn. A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The prblem ______ it is right r wrng has nt yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.Yu must d well ______ the teacher asks yu t d. A. which B. what C. that D. where