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英语必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration公开课课件ppt
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这是一份英语必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration公开课课件ppt，文件包含Unit4Section4pptx、Unit4Section4doc等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
Sectin Ⅳ 写作指导
写作指导议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者见解和主张。作者对某一问题持有一种看法，为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，企图说服他人。高中英语议论文的写作要注意以下几点：1．论点要鲜明、确切，一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点，论点一般在开头提出，然后加以论证。
2．论据要充分、可靠。一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语、格言、名人名言作为论据。3．论证要严密、得法。归纳法和演绎法是议论文常用的论证方法。归纳法以例子为基础，从几个例子和现象中，归纳出某种道理和看法。演绎法以一个或多个看法为基础，从一般论断，演绎到不同事例，再加以论述，最后再回到一般论断上来。
【常用表达】第一部分，套用相关句型来引出议论。1．Recently, ur class have had a heated discussin abut ．These years, sme students are interested ．Nw, sme peple hld the view ．I'm writing t tell yu abut the discussin we have had ．There are tw pinins n it.6．Opinins are divided n the questin.
第二部分，采用关联词和句型列举事实依据，采用正反对比或归纳推理的方法，证明所持观点的正确性及表明其所持的态度。1．Besides/In additin/Apart frm it/What's mre/Abve ．Fr are...，such s n.3．On ne the ther ．．On the ．At the same time, we shuld...
7．If..., I believe we ．As we see/As we all knw/As far as I knw，．Of all students, 40% f them think...，but thers d nt agree.10．Sme peple believe that..., but thers say/cnsider ．Sme students are fr the idea/are in favr f it/agree with it, while/but/hwever thers are against it/disagree with it.
第三部分，引用表示因果关系的关联词语、总结性的语句强调和重申提出的观点，或者引用某些特定的短语和句型来揭示观点、礼貌地征求对方的建议。1．In a wrd， /In shrt，... /In brief，．As a result，，．N dubt ding smething is n dubt ．S in a wrd, we shuld...，nly in this way can ．Generally speaking, mst students think we ．In fact/As a matter f fact, we can...
7．S, fr smething, I suggest that we shuld ．In my pinin, I ．I have my wn view abut it, and I ．Persnally, I believe it ．Nw, we really dn't knw what t d abut it.Culd yu tell us sme gd advice and help us ut?
【写作模板】(一)不同观点列举型(选择型)There is a widespread cncern ver the issue that (作文题目) ________．But it is well knwn that the pinin cncerning this ht tpic varies frm persn t persn. A majrity f peple think that (观点一) ________．In their views there are tw factrs cntributing t this attitude as fllws: in the first place, (原因一) ________．Furthermre, in the secnd place, (原因二) ______．S it ges withut saying that (观点一) ______．
Peple, hwever, differ in their pinins n this matter.Sme peple hld the idea that (观点二) ________．In their pint f view, n the ne hand, (原因一) ________．On the ther hand, (原因二) ________．Therefre, there is n dubt that (观点二) ________．As far as I am cncerned, I firmly supprt the view that (观点一或二) _______．It is nt nly because________， but als because _______.The mre ________， the mre________.
(二)利弊型的议论文Nwadays, there is a widespread cncern ver (the issue that) (作文题目)________．In fact, there are bth advantages and disadvantages in (题目议题)________．Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several psitive aspects as fllws.Firstly, (优点一)________．And secndly (优点二)________．Just as a ppular saying ges, “every cin has tw sides”， (讨论议题)________ is n exceptin, and in ther wrds, it still has negative aspects.T begin with, (缺点一)________．In additin, (缺点二)________．
T sum up, we shuld try t bring the advantages f (讨论议题) ________ int full play, and reduce the disadvantages t the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use f the (讨论议题)________．
(三)答题性议论文Currently, there is a widespread cncern ver (the issue that) (作文题目)________．It is really an imprtant cncern t every ne f us. As a result, we must spare n effrts t take sme measures t slve this prblem. As we knw, there are many steps which can be taken t slve this prblem.First f all, (途径一)________．In additin, anther way cntributing t success f slving the prblem is (途径二)________．Abve all, t slve the prblem f (作文题目)________， we shuld find a number f varius ways. But as far as I am cncerned, I wuld prefer t slve the prblem in this way, that is t say(方法)________．
(四)谚语警句性议论文It is well knwn t us that the prverb “(谚语)________”has a prfund significance and value nt nly in ur jb but als in ur study.It means (谚语的含义)________．The saying can be illustrated thrugh a series f examples as fllws.A case in pint is (例子) ________.Therefre, it ges withut saying that it is f great imprtance t practice the prverb (谚语)________．
With the rapid develpment f science and technlgy in China, an increasing number f peple cme t realize that it is als f practical use t stick t the saying: (谚语)________．The mre we are aware f the significance f this famus saying, the mre benefits we will get in ur daily study and jb.
精品展示近年来，学生越来越广泛地使用电子词典，这既给学生带来了便利，也给学生带来了一些负面影响。请你根据以下要求写一篇英语短文：1．电子词典的优点；2．电子词典的缺点；3．你的观点和结论。注意：词数80左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【审题谋篇】第一步 明确要求该写作属于利弊型的议论文，故以第三人称为主；时态以一般现在时为主。第二步 确定段落本文应该至少分四段：Para.1 提出话题；Para.2 使用电子词典的好处；Para.3 使用电子词典的坏处；Para.4 你的观点和结论。
第三步 提炼要点1．The discussin abut electrnic dictinaries has never stpped in the past few years.近几年来，关于电子词典的讨论从未停止过。2．An electrnic dictinary has lts f advantages.电子词典有很多优点。3．The negative effects f an electrnic dictinary are als bvius.电子词典的负面影响也很明显。4．It can be mst helpful t us in many respects s lng as we can make prper use f it.只要我们能适当地利用它，它在许多方面对我们都会很有帮助。
第四步 句式升级1．电子词典有很多优点，最大的优点就是它的方便。(一般表达)An electrnic dictinary has lts f advantages.The biggest is its cnvenience.(高级表达)An electrnic dictinary has lts f advantages, __________ the biggest is its cnvenience.
2．现在，我们可以清楚地看到，电子词典本身并不是有益或有害的。(一般表达)Nw, we can see that an electrnic dictinary is nt beneficial r harmful in itself.(高级表达)Nw, we can see it clearly that an electrnic dictinary is __________________________ in itself.
neither beneficial nr harmful
参考范文：The discussin abut electrnic dictinaries has never stpped in the past few years.An electrnic dictinary has lts f advantages, f which the biggest is its cnvenience.What's mre, they can prnunce the wrds clearly. Last but nt least, mre and mre students can affrd them.Hwever, the negative effects are als bvius.T begin with, sme students rely t much n them.In the secnd place, sme explanatins are nt s accurate.
Nw, we can see it clearly that an electrnic dictinary is neither beneficial nr harmful in itself.The key lies in the users—s lng as we can make prper use f it, it can be mst helpful t us in many respects.
亮点点评：本文结构严谨。首段提出一个长时间争论的话题；第二段中指出该事物的优点；第三段阐述缺点；第四段首句下结论，表明此事物本身无对错，第二句指出关键在于使用者，即如果合理使用，就会从中受益。文章的论点和结论清楚明了，论据充分有力。在文字的运用上，本文词汇丰富，衔接顺畅而不乏高级词汇。例如affrd，rely t much n和last but nt least等的运用，恰当而有力。
假设你是李华，最近你班就“人类是否应该开展克隆研究”进行了讨论。请根据讨论结果，写一封80词左右的信给某英文报社的编辑来报道此事。
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Editr，Recently ur class has had a discussin abut whether the clne research shuld be carried ut.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yurs，Li Hua
参考范文：Dear Editr，Recently ur class has had a discussin abut whether the clne research shuld be carried ut. Sme f the students are fr the clne research.They say clning is f help in researching int the cures fr many diseases as well as useful fr saving endangered animals.Clning human cells in a lab culd ffer perfect rgans fr patients t transplant.Hwever, thers are against it.Thugh clning might imprve the quality f life，it might bring abut sme genetic changes.It als might raise ethical prblems.
Persnally, clning shuld be dealt with carefully and mnitred clsely by the gvernment，because we dn't understand enugh what effects clning will have n the wrld in the future.Yurs，Li Hua
Sectin Ⅳ 写作指导
写作指导议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者见解和主张。作者对某一问题持有一种看法，为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，企图说服他人。高中英语议论文的写作要注意以下几点：1．论点要鲜明、确切，一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点，论点一般在开头提出，然后加以论证。
2．论据要充分、可靠。一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语、格言、名人名言作为论据。3．论证要严密、得法。归纳法和演绎法是议论文常用的论证方法。归纳法以例子为基础，从几个例子和现象中，归纳出某种道理和看法。演绎法以一个或多个看法为基础，从一般论断，演绎到不同事例，再加以论述，最后再回到一般论断上来。
【常用表达】第一部分，套用相关句型来引出议论。1．Recently, ur class have had a heated discussin abut ．These years, sme students are interested ．Nw, sme peple hld the view ．I'm writing t tell yu abut the discussin we have had ．There are tw pinins n it.6．Opinins are divided n the questin.
第二部分，采用关联词和句型列举事实依据，采用正反对比或归纳推理的方法，证明所持观点的正确性及表明其所持的态度。1．Besides/In additin/Apart frm it/What's mre/Abve ．Fr are...，such s n.3．On ne the ther ．．On the ．At the same time, we shuld...
7．If..., I believe we ．As we see/As we all knw/As far as I knw，．Of all students, 40% f them think...，but thers d nt agree.10．Sme peple believe that..., but thers say/cnsider ．Sme students are fr the idea/are in favr f it/agree with it, while/but/hwever thers are against it/disagree with it.
第三部分，引用表示因果关系的关联词语、总结性的语句强调和重申提出的观点，或者引用某些特定的短语和句型来揭示观点、礼貌地征求对方的建议。1．In a wrd， /In shrt，... /In brief，．As a result，，．N dubt ding smething is n dubt ．S in a wrd, we shuld...，nly in this way can ．Generally speaking, mst students think we ．In fact/As a matter f fact, we can...
7．S, fr smething, I suggest that we shuld ．In my pinin, I ．I have my wn view abut it, and I ．Persnally, I believe it ．Nw, we really dn't knw what t d abut it.Culd yu tell us sme gd advice and help us ut?
【写作模板】(一)不同观点列举型(选择型)There is a widespread cncern ver the issue that (作文题目) ________．But it is well knwn that the pinin cncerning this ht tpic varies frm persn t persn. A majrity f peple think that (观点一) ________．In their views there are tw factrs cntributing t this attitude as fllws: in the first place, (原因一) ________．Furthermre, in the secnd place, (原因二) ______．S it ges withut saying that (观点一) ______．
Peple, hwever, differ in their pinins n this matter.Sme peple hld the idea that (观点二) ________．In their pint f view, n the ne hand, (原因一) ________．On the ther hand, (原因二) ________．Therefre, there is n dubt that (观点二) ________．As far as I am cncerned, I firmly supprt the view that (观点一或二) _______．It is nt nly because________， but als because _______.The mre ________， the mre________.
(二)利弊型的议论文Nwadays, there is a widespread cncern ver (the issue that) (作文题目)________．In fact, there are bth advantages and disadvantages in (题目议题)________．Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several psitive aspects as fllws.Firstly, (优点一)________．And secndly (优点二)________．Just as a ppular saying ges, “every cin has tw sides”， (讨论议题)________ is n exceptin, and in ther wrds, it still has negative aspects.T begin with, (缺点一)________．In additin, (缺点二)________．
T sum up, we shuld try t bring the advantages f (讨论议题) ________ int full play, and reduce the disadvantages t the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use f the (讨论议题)________．
(三)答题性议论文Currently, there is a widespread cncern ver (the issue that) (作文题目)________．It is really an imprtant cncern t every ne f us. As a result, we must spare n effrts t take sme measures t slve this prblem. As we knw, there are many steps which can be taken t slve this prblem.First f all, (途径一)________．In additin, anther way cntributing t success f slving the prblem is (途径二)________．Abve all, t slve the prblem f (作文题目)________， we shuld find a number f varius ways. But as far as I am cncerned, I wuld prefer t slve the prblem in this way, that is t say(方法)________．
(四)谚语警句性议论文It is well knwn t us that the prverb “(谚语)________”has a prfund significance and value nt nly in ur jb but als in ur study.It means (谚语的含义)________．The saying can be illustrated thrugh a series f examples as fllws.A case in pint is (例子) ________.Therefre, it ges withut saying that it is f great imprtance t practice the prverb (谚语)________．
With the rapid develpment f science and technlgy in China, an increasing number f peple cme t realize that it is als f practical use t stick t the saying: (谚语)________．The mre we are aware f the significance f this famus saying, the mre benefits we will get in ur daily study and jb.
精品展示近年来，学生越来越广泛地使用电子词典，这既给学生带来了便利，也给学生带来了一些负面影响。请你根据以下要求写一篇英语短文：1．电子词典的优点；2．电子词典的缺点；3．你的观点和结论。注意：词数80左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【审题谋篇】第一步 明确要求该写作属于利弊型的议论文，故以第三人称为主；时态以一般现在时为主。第二步 确定段落本文应该至少分四段：Para.1 提出话题；Para.2 使用电子词典的好处；Para.3 使用电子词典的坏处；Para.4 你的观点和结论。
第三步 提炼要点1．The discussin abut electrnic dictinaries has never stpped in the past few years.近几年来，关于电子词典的讨论从未停止过。2．An electrnic dictinary has lts f advantages.电子词典有很多优点。3．The negative effects f an electrnic dictinary are als bvius.电子词典的负面影响也很明显。4．It can be mst helpful t us in many respects s lng as we can make prper use f it.只要我们能适当地利用它，它在许多方面对我们都会很有帮助。
第四步 句式升级1．电子词典有很多优点，最大的优点就是它的方便。(一般表达)An electrnic dictinary has lts f advantages.The biggest is its cnvenience.(高级表达)An electrnic dictinary has lts f advantages, __________ the biggest is its cnvenience.
2．现在，我们可以清楚地看到，电子词典本身并不是有益或有害的。(一般表达)Nw, we can see that an electrnic dictinary is nt beneficial r harmful in itself.(高级表达)Nw, we can see it clearly that an electrnic dictinary is __________________________ in itself.
neither beneficial nr harmful
参考范文：The discussin abut electrnic dictinaries has never stpped in the past few years.An electrnic dictinary has lts f advantages, f which the biggest is its cnvenience.What's mre, they can prnunce the wrds clearly. Last but nt least, mre and mre students can affrd them.Hwever, the negative effects are als bvius.T begin with, sme students rely t much n them.In the secnd place, sme explanatins are nt s accurate.
Nw, we can see it clearly that an electrnic dictinary is neither beneficial nr harmful in itself.The key lies in the users—s lng as we can make prper use f it, it can be mst helpful t us in many respects.
亮点点评：本文结构严谨。首段提出一个长时间争论的话题；第二段中指出该事物的优点；第三段阐述缺点；第四段首句下结论，表明此事物本身无对错，第二句指出关键在于使用者，即如果合理使用，就会从中受益。文章的论点和结论清楚明了，论据充分有力。在文字的运用上，本文词汇丰富，衔接顺畅而不乏高级词汇。例如affrd，rely t much n和last but nt least等的运用，恰当而有力。
假设你是李华，最近你班就“人类是否应该开展克隆研究”进行了讨论。请根据讨论结果，写一封80词左右的信给某英文报社的编辑来报道此事。
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Editr，Recently ur class has had a discussin abut whether the clne research shuld be carried ut.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yurs，Li Hua
参考范文：Dear Editr，Recently ur class has had a discussin abut whether the clne research shuld be carried ut. Sme f the students are fr the clne research.They say clning is f help in researching int the cures fr many diseases as well as useful fr saving endangered animals.Clning human cells in a lab culd ffer perfect rgans fr patients t transplant.Hwever, thers are against it.Thugh clning might imprve the quality f life，it might bring abut sme genetic changes.It als might raise ethical prblems.
Persnally, clning shuld be dealt with carefully and mnitred clsely by the gvernment，because we dn't understand enugh what effects clning will have n the wrld in the future.Yurs，Li Hua
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