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高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 4 Earthquakes练习
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 4 Earthquakes练习，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分25分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Mandara seemed t knw smething big was abut t happen. S she let ut a yell, caught hld f her 2-year-ld daughter Kibibi and climbed up int a tree. She lives at the Natinal Z in Washingtn, D.C.
And n Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses(目击者)said she seemed t sense the big earthquake that shk much f the East Cast befre any human knew what was ging n. And she's nt the nly ne. In the mments befre the quake, an rang-utan(猩猩)let ut a lud call and then climbed t the tp f her shelter.
“It's vey different frm their nrmal call,” said Brandie Smith, the zkeeper. “The lemurs(mnkeylike animals f Madagascar)will sund an alarm call if they see r hear smething highly unusual.”
But yu can't see r hear an earthquake 15 minutes befre it happens, can yu?Maybe yu can—if yu're an animal. “Animals can hear abve and belw ur range f hearing,” said Brandie Smith. “That's part f their special abilities. They're mre sensitive t the envirnment, which is hw they survive.”
Primates weren't the nly animals that seemed t sense the quake befre it happened. One f the elephants made a warning sund. And a huge lizard(蜥蜴)ran quickly fr cver. The flaminges(a kind f bird)gathered befre the quake and stayed tgether until the shaking stpped.
Nt all the animals behaved unusually befre the quake. Fr example, Smith said the z's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began. But many f the ther animals seemed t knw smething was cming befre it happened. “I'm nt surprised at all,” Smith said.
1.Why did Mandara act strangely ne day?
A.Because it sensed smething unusual wuld happen.
B.Because its daughter Kibibi was injured.
C.Because it heard an rang-utan let ut a lud call.
D.Because an earthquake had happened.
2.Accrding t Brandie Smith, .
A.many animals' hearing is sharp
B.earthquakes prduce tw types f waves
C.primates usually gather tgether befre a quake
D.humans can als develp the ability t sense a quake
3.Which animal seems unable t sense a quake?
A.A lizard.B.A flaming.
C.A lemur.D.A giant panda.
B
Like yu and yur pet dg, plants are living things: they eat, drink and grw. Unlike yu and yur pet dg, they can't run away, use fists r teeth r hide under the cvers when they're threatened. But they can fight back.
Why wuld a plant need t fight back? T avid being eaten,f curse! Plants have several ways f prtecting themselves. A plant can grw in a hidden r hard-t-get-t place. Think f plants yu've seen grwing n steep, rcky cliffs(悬崖). Or, a plant culd make nly sme parts f itself attractive t hungry insects and ther animals. Fr instance, if a plant prduced really tasty leaves,herbivres(creatures that eat nly plants) might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants. Sme plants have sharp r slippery(滑的)parts that discurage insects and ther animals frm getting t clse, like the thrns(刺)n a rsebush.
But the mst interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals. Plants take minerals frm the sil and cmbine them int chemicals that d a lt f wrk. Fr example, plants prduce chlrphyll(叶绿素), which helps cnvert sunshine and water int the sugars that plants eat.
They als prduce chemicals t help prtect themselves. One kind f tbacc plants releases a chemical int the air whenever small bugs begin t eat it. The chemical signals t large bugs, saying “Dinner's ready!” The big bugs cme t eat the little nes and save the plant.
Mst plants use chemicals in a mre direct way against their enemies. In ther wrds, plants make pisn.
4.What des the underlined wrd “cnvert” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Change.B.Separate.
C.Prevent.D.Prduce.
5.What d we knw frm the passage?
A.Sme plants hide under the cvers when faced with threat.
B.A plant grws in a hard-t-get-t place t draw peple's attentin.
C.Sme plants prduce tasty leaves t prtect their seeds.
D.Plants prduce chemicals t meet the needs f big bugs.
6.What may be talked abut fllwing the last paragraph?
A.Different effects that different plant pisns cause n plant eaters.
B.Different kinds f plants in the wrld.
C.Why plants make pisn.
D.Hw t prtect plants.
7.What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A.Plants' infrmatin
B.Plants' enemies
C.Plant pisns
D.Plants' self-prtectin
C
When yu g ut t eat in a restaurant, yu are cncerned with bth the fd and the envirnment.Univers Santi in Spain delivers (实现) bth.Custmers culd ntice that there is smething different and special abut the restaurant.The emplyees (雇员)cnsist entirely f peple with special needs.
“Peple cme here nt because the emplyees are disabled (残疾的) but because it's the best restaurant in the area. Their talking is always abut the fd, which they really enjy,” said Antni Vila, president f the Fundación Univers Accesible, an rganizatin which wrks n helping peple with disabilities jin the wrkfrce.“I always wanted t shw that peple with disabilities, given the right training, were able t d everything,” said Vila.
Nw the 20 emplyees, aged frm 22 t 62, are very prud t be wrking in the restaurant.“I feel really lucky t be part f it,” said Glria Bazán, head f human resurces, wh has cerebral palsy (脑瘫). “It's difficult t wrk when sciety just sees yu as smene different.This has given me the pprtunity t be independent and t take part like any ther human being. I appreciate it very much.”
There are ther restaurants that make it their duty t emply peple with special needs.In New Yrk, Puzzles Bakery & Café believes that everyne deserves a chance.That's why they emply peple with develpmental disabilities. Brwnies & Dwnies, a lunch café in the Netherlands, is run by peple with Dwn's syndrme(唐氏综合征). The café is a big success.
These effrts shw that peple wh have disabilities still have abilities and can be trained t d all types f jbs.They just have t be given a fair chance.
8.What is special abut Univers Santi?
A.It is the leading restaurant in Spain.
B.It ffers all kinds f delicius fd.
C.It prvides a pleasant envirnment.
D.It has wrkers all with special needs.
9.What can we infer abut peple like Glria Bazán?
A.They hardly attend scial events.
B.They are gd at cking dishes.
C.They are grateful t wrk at the restaurant.
D.They care t much abut thers' pinins.
10.Where is the text mst likely frm?
A.A nvel.
B.A news reprt.
C.A guidebk.
D.An educatinal bk.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Dealing with water pllutin is smething that everyne needs t get invlved with. Here are a few things yu can d t help.
Yu shuld never drp litter. 11 . If there is nne arund, please take it hme and put it in yur trash can, especially n the beach and at the riverside.
Use water wisely. D nt keep the tap running when it is nt in use. 12 . If we all d this, we can significantly prevent water shrtages and reduce the amunt f dirty water.
D nt thrw chemicals, il, paints r medicines dwn the tilet. In many cities, yur lcal envirnment ffice can help with the dispsal (清除) f medicines and chemicals. And yu shuld buy mre envirnmentally-safe cleaning liquids fr use at hme and ther public places. They are less dangerus t the envirnment. 13 . If yu live clse t a water bdy, try t plant trees and flwers arund yur hme, s that when it rains, chemicals frm yur hme d nt easily flw int the water.
14 . These laws are directed at industry, hspitals, schls and market areas n hw t treat and manage sewage (污水). In many develped cities, waste treatment is very efficient, and designed t reduce pllutin f water bdies.
There are als lts f rganizatins and grups that help educate peple n the dangers f water pllutin. 15 . They regularly encurage ther members f their cmmunities t have a better attitude twards water.
A.It is a great idea t jin these grups
B.Always lk fr the crrect waste bin
C.Use fewer chemicals t clean yur hme
D.Als, yu can reduce the amunt f water in washing and bathing
E.Check yur lcal gvernment's laws befre yu pur the dirty water
F.Many gvernments have strict laws that help reduce water pllutin
G.If yu use chemicals fr yur farms, be careful nt t veruse pesticides(杀虫剂)
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, Catherine Svilicic was watching Charltte, her 17-mnth-ld daughter, playing in her backyard with a big dg named Khan. Khan's 16 wner had abused(虐待)and then abandned him befre the Svilicic family 17 him, just 4 days befre this 18 .
Althugh Khan and Charltte seemed t get alng fine, the 19 did smething t Charltte that nbdy wuld 20 ...
While 21 in the yard with Charltte, Khan suddenly became 22 . He pushed the baby arund the yard, then, all f a sudden, 23 her by her diaper(尿布)and threw her acrss the yard.
Catherine was very 24 , but a few mments afterwards, she suddenly realized what had happened:Khan had nticed a(n) 25 ging t bite little Charltte, and Khan's actin that seemed 26 at first was really an attempt t save the baby's life.
Althugh this 27 dg's actin was perfrmed just in time t take Charltte away frm the snake's bite, he instead was 28 a few mments later. Thanks t the vet wh 29 Khan by giving him an anti-venm sht(抗蛇毒素注射).
If Khan had nt 30 at the right mment, the pisnus snake wuld very likely have 31 Catherine's daughter instead. Althugh it was hardly mre than 4 days Khan had lived with this new family, this 32 still knew the right thing t d, and he 33 Charltte's life with his wn.
The Svilicic family plans t give Khan his 34 hme as a way f paying him back daily fr the 35 he demnstrated(展示)t their family in such a wnderful way.
B.friendlyC.previusD.future
B.adptedC.trainedD.cured
B.mvie
C.rescueD.incident
B.reprterC.mtherD.girl
B.d
C.findD.frget
B.eatingC.bathingD.wrking
B.aggressive
C.tiredD.frightened
B.caught
C.beatD.tre
B.prud
C.shckedD.delighted
B.catC.beeD.insect
B.vilent
C.reasnableD.effective
B.cute
C.wildD.brave
B.stuckC.caughtD.bitten
B.cheatedC.fundD.recvered
inB.ran away
C.drpped inD.hidden away
B.struckC.eatenD.trn
B.reprterC.herD.witness
B.prtected
C.cmparedD.exchanged
B.destryed
C.deservedD.temprary
B.value
C.qualityD.lve
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami which crashed int the castlines acrss Asia yesterday, 36 (kill)mre than 6,500 peple. Fishermen, turist htels, hmes and cars 37 (sweep)away by huge waves. The undersea quake 38 (strike) arund 7:00 am, Sunday ff the west cast f Indnesia's Sumatra Island. In that area alne, 39 least 1,870 peple were killed.
Indian fficials said as many as 1,900 had been killed alng the suthern cast. Anther 254 were fund 40 (die)in Thailand and 54 in three ther cuntries. In suthern Thailand, 1,900 peple were hurt and many mre peple were missing. “I was having breakfast with my three children 41 water started filling my hme. We had t leave everything and run t 42 (safe),” said a lcal Thai wman.
Thusands f peple are still missing, and the number f deaths is expected 43 (grw)even higher ver the next few days. Freign aid is being rganized fr the tsunami-hit cuntries. 44 , dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make 45 difficult t deliver fd and supplies.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
洪水、火山爆发(vlcanic eruptins)、地震和海啸(tsunamis)等自然灾害时有发生。面对自然灾害我们应该怎么做呢?请你根据以下要点提示以“Hw t deal with natural disasters”为题写一篇英语短文。
1.自然灾害造成的损失惨重;
2.我们应该掌握有关自然灾害的知识并做好充分准备;当自然灾害来临时,要坚定信念,团结一致,保持镇静,努力自救和帮助他人。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.文章标题已给出,不计入总词数。
Hw t deal with natural disasters
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
That cld January night, I was grwing sick f my life in San Francisc. There I was, walking hme alne in the mrning after a tiring practice at the theatre. With the pening night nly a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having truble dealing with my part-time jb at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thught seriusly abut giving up bth acting and San Francisc. City life had becme t much fr me.
As I walked dwn empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cld. I began running, bth t keep warm and t keep away frm any pssible rbber. Very few peple were still ut except a few sad-lking hmeless peple under blankets.
Abut a blck frm my apartment, I heard a sund behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting t see smene with a knife r a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the nise had made me nervus, s I started t run faster. Nt until I reached my apartment building and unlcked the dr did I realize what the nise had been. It had been my wallet falling t the sidewalk.
Suddenly I wasn't cld r tired anymre. I ran ut f the dr and back t where I'd heard the nise. Althugh I searched the sidewalk anxiusly fr fifteen minutes, my wallet was nwhere t be fund.
Just as I was abut t give up the search, I heard the garbage truck pull up t the sidewalk next t me. When a vice called frm the inside, “Alisa Camach?” I thught I was dreaming. Hw culd this man knw my name?The dr pened, and ut jumped a small red-haired man with an amused lk in his eyes. “Is this what yu're lking fr?” he asked, hlding up a small square shape.
It was nearly 3 A.M. by the time I gt int bed. I wuldn't get much sleep that night, but I had gt my wallet back. I als had gt back sme enjyment f city life. I realized that the city culdn't be a bad place as lng as peple were willing t help each ther.
附加题
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Sunday I saw a wrst strm in years. It came sudden and went n fr ver three hurs. After lunch, I went int my rm t having a rest. The air was ht, and all is quiet. Then a strng wind started t blw int my rm. Pieces paper n my desk flew high int the air and sme flew ut f the pen windw. As I run ut t catch them, big drp f rain began t fall. When I came back int rm, it was raining harder and harder. I tried very hard t clse the windw. Then I heard a ludly crashing(碰撞的)sund frm the back f the huse. S I ran ut f my rm t find ut what had happened:a big tree had fallen dwn and brke the tp f the backrm.
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了在地震前动物们的表现,有些动物对地震敏感,而有些动物察觉不到地震。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句Mandara seemed t knw smething big was abut t happen. S she let ut a up int a tree.可知,Mandara觉察出要出不寻常的事,因此表现异常。故选A项。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段Brandie的说话内容Animals can hear abve and belw ur range f hearing...可知,许多动物的听觉非常敏锐,故选A项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一、二句Nt all the animals behaved unusually befre the quake. Fr example, Smith said the z's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began.可知,大熊猫觉察不出要发生地震,故选D项。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物是怎样反击敌人和保护自己的。
4.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“plants prduce chlrphyll(叶绿素), which helps cnvert sunshine and water int the sugars that plants eat(植物产生叶绿素,这有助于将阳光和水变成植物吃的糖分)”可以推测cnvert是“改变,转变”的意思,即change。故选A。separate意思是“分开”,prevent意思是“阻止”,prduce意思是“生产”。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“if a plant prduced really tasty leaves,herbivres(creatures that eat nly plants)might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants”可知一些植物可能用美味的叶子来保护种子。故选C。
6.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mst plants use chemicals in a mre direct way against their enemies.In ther wrds,plants make pisn.(大部分植物以更直接的方式使用化学物质来对抗敌人。换句话说,植物产生毒素。)”可知,接下来会写不同的植物毒素对食草动物的不同影响。故选A。B、D选项与文章最后一段无关,C选项是说植物为什么产生毒素,最后一段已经提及是为了自保,故B、C、D三项不符合题意。
7.D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“But they can fight back.”、第二段中的“Plants have several ways f prtecting themselves. A plant can grw in a hidden r hard-t-get-t place.(植物有几种保护自己的方法。一株植物可以生长在一个隐蔽的或难以到达的地方。)”、第三段中的“But the mst interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals.(但最有趣的方式是植物通过使用化学物质反击。)”和第四段中的“They als prduce chemicals t help prtect themselves. (它们也产生化学物质来帮助保护自己。)”可以看出,文章主要介绍了植物如何保护自己。由此可知文章的最佳标题是“植物的自我保护”。故选D。 A、B、C均与主旨无关。
【高频词汇】 1.threaten v.威胁 2.fight back 反击;回击
3.avid v.避免 4.attractive adj.有吸引力的;吸引人的
5.discurage vt.阻止;劝阻 6.release vt.释放 7.signal v.发信号,示意;标志,表明 8.separate v.(使)分开;(使)分离;隔开
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了餐馆雇用残疾人的事情来说明残疾人同样有能力并且可以通过培训从事各种类型的工作,他们需要得到一个公平的机会。
8.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的The emplyees (雇员)cnsist entirely f peple with special needs.(雇员全部由有特殊需要的人组成。)可知,Univers Santi的特别之处在于这里的雇员都有特殊需要。故选D。A项:它是西班牙的一流餐厅;B项:它提供各种好吃的食物;C项:它提供很好的环境。
9.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“I feel really lucky t be part f it,” said Glria Bazán, head f human resurces, wh has cerebral palsy (脑瘫).及This has given me the pprtunity appreciate it very much.可知,Glria Baz?n很感激这家餐厅。再结合第三段第一句Nw the 20 very prud t be wrking in the restaurant.可推测,像Glria Bazán这样的残疾人都很感激在这家餐厅工作。故选C。A项:他们几乎不参加社交活动;B项:他们擅长做菜;D项:他们太在乎他人的看法。
10.B 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,文章主要通过介绍世界上一些国家的餐馆雇用残疾人来说明残疾人同样有能力并且可以通过培训从事各种类型的工作,他们需要得到一个公平的机会。由此推测,文章选自一篇新闻报道。A项:小说;B项:新闻报道;C项:旅游指南;D项:教育类书。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.be cncerned with 关注;对……感兴趣
2.cnsist f 由……组成 3.entirely adv.完全地;全然地;整个地
4.human resurces 人力资源部,人事部;人力资源 把……看作…… 6.an pprtunity t d 做……的机会 7.take part 参加,参与 8.appreciate v.感激;欣赏 9.deserve v.值得;应得 10.leading adj.一流的;最重要的;领先的,最前的
【熟词生义】 run v.经营;跑步
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种应对水污染的方法。
11.B 上文提出建议“你不应该乱扔垃圾”,下文说“如果附近没有,请把垃圾带回家扔到垃圾箱里”,由此可推知,设空处应该提到垃圾的去处,即垃圾箱,B项“总是寻找正确的垃圾箱”符合语境,故选B。
12.D 该段主旨句为第一句,即“合理用水”。设空处下文提到如果我们所有人都这样做,我们可以显著地预防水资源短缺并减少污水量,由此可推知设空处应出现具体的合理用水措施,且与设空处上文的措施形成并列关系,D项“此外,你可以减少洗衣和洗澡的用水量”起到了承上启下的作用,故选D。
13.G 该段主旨句为第一句,即“不要往厕所里冲化学物、油、颜料和药物”。下文先就城市情况展开说明,指导城市居民避免造成水污染,设空处下文提到居住在水体附近该采取措施避免水污染,由此可推知设空处缺少在某地应具体采取的预防污染措施,G项“如果你为农场使用化学物,当心不要过度使用杀虫剂”符合上下文,故选G。
14.F 设空处下文为“这些法律是针对工业、医院、学校和市场区域如何对待和处理污水的”,由此可推知,设空处应出现法律,F项“许多政府在帮助减少水污染方面有严格的法律”符合上下文,故选F。
15.A 设空处上文“也有许多组织和团体帮助教育人们水污染的危害”介绍一些组织和团体,设空处下文“他们定期鼓励团体的其他成员对水有更好的态度”介绍这些团体的活动,由此可推知设空处与那些组织和团体有关,A项“加入这些团体是不错的主意”符合上下文,故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.invlved adj.关注 2.especially adv.尤其;特别
3.significantly adv.明显地;显著地 4.shrtage n.短缺;不足
5.efficient adj.效率高的
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一条被前主人遗弃的狗Khan在新主人家从毒蛇口中救下了婴儿,成了这家的英雄,用自己的行为报答了收养自己的主人。
16.C 根据空后面的had abused(虐待) and then abandned him可知,应该选C项,即这只狗之前的主人虐待并且抛弃了它。
17.B 与前文abandned相对应的只有B项,即这只狗被抛弃后,Svilicic一家领养了它。
18.D 此处是说,文章所叙述的Khan舍命救人的事是在它被领养四天后发生的。
19.A 应该选A项,dg指让步状语从句中的Khan,Charltte是那个被狗救过命的女婴。
20.D 空前面的did smething t Charltte 指的就是Khan奋不顾身救Charltte,这当然是令人难忘的。
21.A 主句的主语是Khan,从句被省略了的主语与主句主语一致,因此不难推理出应该选A项,狗和Charltte在院子里面玩耍,首段首句中的playing也是提示。
22.B 狗和女婴玩得好好的,却突然富于攻击性。
23.B 这是描述狗奋力救人的系列动作,狗突然咬住女婴的尿布,把她甩到院子的另一端。
24.C 这是描述女婴母亲Catherine心理活动的,这位母亲面对突然发生的事件惊呆了。
25.A 根据27空后的frm the snake's bite可知答案。
26.B 明确了狗奋力救人的来龙去脉,可以很容易将答案锁定在B项,Khan一开始那貌似暴力的行为实际上是为了救女婴。
27.D 只有D项能够正确形容狗奋力救人的行为,关键时刻舍己救人这当然是勇敢的。
28.D 分析空后内容可知,应该选D项,狗为了救人自己被咬。
29.D 空前的vet是关键,再根据空后的方式状语by giving him an anti-venm sht可知应该选D项,兽医让狗恢复了健康。
30.A 只有A项符合整个故事情节,Khan适时行动救了女婴的命。step in介入,干预。run away逃跑,drp in顺便拜访,hide away躲起来。
31.B 此处应该选B项,strike意为“袭击”。
32.C 此处应该用her指英勇救人的狗,因此选C项。
33.B he指Khan,根据上文叙述的情节可知,狗用自己的生命保护了Charltte的生命。
34.C 空后的as a way f paying him back是提示,主人给Khan提供了家,这是它“应得的”,是对它的回报。
35.D 结合空前后内容可知,Svilicic一家人报答Khan的原因应该是他以如此了不起的方式对一家人展示出的爱。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一场在亚洲发生的严重的海啸及其影响。
36.killing 考查非谓语动词。句意:过去40年来最强烈的地震引发了昨天冲击亚洲海岸的海啸,致使6,500多人丧生。句中已有谓语动词caused,此处应用非谓语形式;此处表示自然而然的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填killing。
37.were swept 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此句缺少谓语,表示过去发生的事,应用一般过去时;由by及语境可知是“被冲走”,应用被动语态,又因为主语为复数,故填were swept。
38.struck 考查时态。此句缺少谓语,由上文可知事件发生在过去,故填struck。
39.at 考查固定搭配。at least意为“至少”,故填at。
40.dead 考查形容词。在此句中“find+宾语+宾补”变为被动形式“主语+be fund+主补”,形容词作补语,故填dead。
41.when 考查固定句型。sb. was ding sth. when...为固定句型,意思是“某人正在做某事,这时……”,故填when。
42.safety 考查名词。应用名词作介词t的宾语,故填safety。
43.t grw 考查固定搭配。be expected t d 意思为“预计会做……”,故填t grw。
44.Hwever 考查副词。上文提到外国帮助,下文提到帮助会遇到的困难,上下文形成转折,空后有逗号,故填Hwever。
45.it 考查代词。设空处作形式宾语,后边的不定式短语t deliver fd and supplies是真正的宾语,difficult是宾补,故用it作形式宾语。
第三部分 写作
第一节 应用文写作
One pssible versin:
Hw t deal with natural disasters
Natural disasters, such as flds, vlcanic eruptins, earthquakes and tsunamis, can happen at any time, causing a bad lss f life and damage. Hw shuld we deal with them?
First f all, we shuld master rich knwledge abut natural disasters and make adequate preparatins fr them. Secndly, as the ld saying ges, “Many hands make light wrk.” When natural disasters really happen, we shuld have a firm belief and unite t fight against them. Mrever, we shuld keep calm and try t save urselves and help thers at the same time. Only in this way can we defeat natural disasters in the end.
第二节 概要写作
写作指导
A.语篇内容解读
本文是一篇记叙文。文章以作者在一个寒冷的冬夜下班回家的路上感叹城市生活的艰辛和一个人走夜路的害怕心理开篇,接着描述了作者在路上掉了钱包后被一个司机捡到并归还,最后作者因失而复得的钱包重拾对城市生活的信心。
B.文章脉络分析
C.写作建议
记叙文的概要一般要包括记叙文六要素(when、where、wh、what、why、hw),重点要写清楚谁做了什么,结果如何。具体可以分为四步:1.确定主题句,文章的主题句一般在文章开头;2.寻找关键词,关键词一般为名词、形容词;3.重构主题句,概括的主题句逻辑上要统领后面所有的支撑句;4.重组支撑句,支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句,可以是补充过程或者提供证据。
One pssible versin:
Dismayed by ding tw jbs at a time, the authr thught f quitting her city life in San Francisc. (要点1)One early mrning, she ran n her way hme after wrk t keep warm and avid pssible rbbery. She lst her wallet n the way and failed t find it. (要点2)Unexpectedly, a driver had picked it up and returned it t her. (要点3)Mved by this, she regained faith in city life and wuld prbably stay n.(要点4)
附加题
短文改错
1.第一句:a→the 考查冠词。由语境可知此处表示“最糟糕的”,故用定冠词。
2.第二句:sudden→suddenly 考查副词。修饰动词came用副词。
3.第三句:having→have 考查动词不定式。此处表示目的,应用动词不定式t d。t在此处是不定式符号,其后应用动词原形。
4.第四句:is→was 考查时态。叙述过去的事情,应用一般过去时态。
5.第六句:Pieces后加f 考查介词。paper表示“纸”时是不可数名词,表示“……张纸”时其前应用a piece f修饰。pieces f paper许多张纸。
6.第七句:run→ran 考查时态。叙述过去的事情,应用一般过去时态。run的过去式是ran。
7.第七句:drp→drps 考查名词的数。drp表示“滴”时是可数名词,其前没有冠词,应用复数形式。
8.第八句:rm前加my或the 考查代词或冠词。rm为可数名词,在此处用的是单数形式,其前应有冠词等限定词修饰;这里特指上文提到的房间即“我”的房间,故在rm前加my或the。
9.第十句:ludly→lud 考查形容词。此处表示“巨大的碰撞声音”,应用形容词作定语修饰名词sund。
10.第十一句:brke→brken 考查动词。根据连词and可知,had fallen和had brken是并列谓语,其中brken前的had可以省略。
单元达标检测
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
1.A
2.A
3.D
4.A
5.C
6.A
7.D
8.D
9.C
10.B
11.B
12.D
13.G
14.F
15.A
16.C
17.B
18.D
19.A
20.D
21.A
22.B
23.B
24.C
25.A
26.B
27.D
28.D
29.D
30.A
31.B
32.C
33.B
34.C
35.D
原句 Fr instance,if a plant prduced really tasty leaves,herbivres(creatures that eat nly plants) might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants.
分析 这是一个非真实条件句(虚拟条件句),表示对现在情况的虚拟,从句谓语动词用过去式prduced,主句谓语用“wuld/shuld/culd/might+动词原形”。此句中if a 是从句, plants是主句;在主句中, plants为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the seeds。
句意 例如,假如植物长出非常美味的叶子,那么食草动物也许就会吃叶子而不吃种子,而植物需要这些种子以长出更多的植物。
原句 There are ther restaurants that make it their duty t emply peple with special needs.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。主句使用了there be句型,主语为ther restaurants;that在句中引导定语从句,修饰先行词ther restaurants,关系代词that在从句中作主语;定语从句中谓语为make,it为形式宾语,their duty为宾补,真正的宾语为后面的不定式结构t emply peple with special needs。
句意 还有一些餐馆把雇用有特殊需要的人作为他们的职责。
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Mandara seemed t knw smething big was abut t happen. S she let ut a yell, caught hld f her 2-year-ld daughter Kibibi and climbed up int a tree. She lives at the Natinal Z in Washingtn, D.C.
And n Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses(目击者)said she seemed t sense the big earthquake that shk much f the East Cast befre any human knew what was ging n. And she's nt the nly ne. In the mments befre the quake, an rang-utan(猩猩)let ut a lud call and then climbed t the tp f her shelter.
“It's vey different frm their nrmal call,” said Brandie Smith, the zkeeper. “The lemurs(mnkeylike animals f Madagascar)will sund an alarm call if they see r hear smething highly unusual.”
But yu can't see r hear an earthquake 15 minutes befre it happens, can yu?Maybe yu can—if yu're an animal. “Animals can hear abve and belw ur range f hearing,” said Brandie Smith. “That's part f their special abilities. They're mre sensitive t the envirnment, which is hw they survive.”
Primates weren't the nly animals that seemed t sense the quake befre it happened. One f the elephants made a warning sund. And a huge lizard(蜥蜴)ran quickly fr cver. The flaminges(a kind f bird)gathered befre the quake and stayed tgether until the shaking stpped.
Nt all the animals behaved unusually befre the quake. Fr example, Smith said the z's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began. But many f the ther animals seemed t knw smething was cming befre it happened. “I'm nt surprised at all,” Smith said.
1.Why did Mandara act strangely ne day?
A.Because it sensed smething unusual wuld happen.
B.Because its daughter Kibibi was injured.
C.Because it heard an rang-utan let ut a lud call.
D.Because an earthquake had happened.
2.Accrding t Brandie Smith, .
A.many animals' hearing is sharp
B.earthquakes prduce tw types f waves
C.primates usually gather tgether befre a quake
D.humans can als develp the ability t sense a quake
3.Which animal seems unable t sense a quake?
A.A lizard.B.A flaming.
C.A lemur.D.A giant panda.
B
Like yu and yur pet dg, plants are living things: they eat, drink and grw. Unlike yu and yur pet dg, they can't run away, use fists r teeth r hide under the cvers when they're threatened. But they can fight back.
Why wuld a plant need t fight back? T avid being eaten,f curse! Plants have several ways f prtecting themselves. A plant can grw in a hidden r hard-t-get-t place. Think f plants yu've seen grwing n steep, rcky cliffs(悬崖). Or, a plant culd make nly sme parts f itself attractive t hungry insects and ther animals. Fr instance, if a plant prduced really tasty leaves,herbivres(creatures that eat nly plants) might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants. Sme plants have sharp r slippery(滑的)parts that discurage insects and ther animals frm getting t clse, like the thrns(刺)n a rsebush.
But the mst interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals. Plants take minerals frm the sil and cmbine them int chemicals that d a lt f wrk. Fr example, plants prduce chlrphyll(叶绿素), which helps cnvert sunshine and water int the sugars that plants eat.
They als prduce chemicals t help prtect themselves. One kind f tbacc plants releases a chemical int the air whenever small bugs begin t eat it. The chemical signals t large bugs, saying “Dinner's ready!” The big bugs cme t eat the little nes and save the plant.
Mst plants use chemicals in a mre direct way against their enemies. In ther wrds, plants make pisn.
4.What des the underlined wrd “cnvert” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Change.B.Separate.
C.Prevent.D.Prduce.
5.What d we knw frm the passage?
A.Sme plants hide under the cvers when faced with threat.
B.A plant grws in a hard-t-get-t place t draw peple's attentin.
C.Sme plants prduce tasty leaves t prtect their seeds.
D.Plants prduce chemicals t meet the needs f big bugs.
6.What may be talked abut fllwing the last paragraph?
A.Different effects that different plant pisns cause n plant eaters.
B.Different kinds f plants in the wrld.
C.Why plants make pisn.
D.Hw t prtect plants.
7.What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A.Plants' infrmatin
B.Plants' enemies
C.Plant pisns
D.Plants' self-prtectin
C
When yu g ut t eat in a restaurant, yu are cncerned with bth the fd and the envirnment.Univers Santi in Spain delivers (实现) bth.Custmers culd ntice that there is smething different and special abut the restaurant.The emplyees (雇员)cnsist entirely f peple with special needs.
“Peple cme here nt because the emplyees are disabled (残疾的) but because it's the best restaurant in the area. Their talking is always abut the fd, which they really enjy,” said Antni Vila, president f the Fundación Univers Accesible, an rganizatin which wrks n helping peple with disabilities jin the wrkfrce.“I always wanted t shw that peple with disabilities, given the right training, were able t d everything,” said Vila.
Nw the 20 emplyees, aged frm 22 t 62, are very prud t be wrking in the restaurant.“I feel really lucky t be part f it,” said Glria Bazán, head f human resurces, wh has cerebral palsy (脑瘫). “It's difficult t wrk when sciety just sees yu as smene different.This has given me the pprtunity t be independent and t take part like any ther human being. I appreciate it very much.”
There are ther restaurants that make it their duty t emply peple with special needs.In New Yrk, Puzzles Bakery & Café believes that everyne deserves a chance.That's why they emply peple with develpmental disabilities. Brwnies & Dwnies, a lunch café in the Netherlands, is run by peple with Dwn's syndrme(唐氏综合征). The café is a big success.
These effrts shw that peple wh have disabilities still have abilities and can be trained t d all types f jbs.They just have t be given a fair chance.
8.What is special abut Univers Santi?
A.It is the leading restaurant in Spain.
B.It ffers all kinds f delicius fd.
C.It prvides a pleasant envirnment.
D.It has wrkers all with special needs.
9.What can we infer abut peple like Glria Bazán?
A.They hardly attend scial events.
B.They are gd at cking dishes.
C.They are grateful t wrk at the restaurant.
D.They care t much abut thers' pinins.
10.Where is the text mst likely frm?
A.A nvel.
B.A news reprt.
C.A guidebk.
D.An educatinal bk.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Dealing with water pllutin is smething that everyne needs t get invlved with. Here are a few things yu can d t help.
Yu shuld never drp litter. 11 . If there is nne arund, please take it hme and put it in yur trash can, especially n the beach and at the riverside.
Use water wisely. D nt keep the tap running when it is nt in use. 12 . If we all d this, we can significantly prevent water shrtages and reduce the amunt f dirty water.
D nt thrw chemicals, il, paints r medicines dwn the tilet. In many cities, yur lcal envirnment ffice can help with the dispsal (清除) f medicines and chemicals. And yu shuld buy mre envirnmentally-safe cleaning liquids fr use at hme and ther public places. They are less dangerus t the envirnment. 13 . If yu live clse t a water bdy, try t plant trees and flwers arund yur hme, s that when it rains, chemicals frm yur hme d nt easily flw int the water.
14 . These laws are directed at industry, hspitals, schls and market areas n hw t treat and manage sewage (污水). In many develped cities, waste treatment is very efficient, and designed t reduce pllutin f water bdies.
There are als lts f rganizatins and grups that help educate peple n the dangers f water pllutin. 15 . They regularly encurage ther members f their cmmunities t have a better attitude twards water.
A.It is a great idea t jin these grups
B.Always lk fr the crrect waste bin
C.Use fewer chemicals t clean yur hme
D.Als, yu can reduce the amunt f water in washing and bathing
E.Check yur lcal gvernment's laws befre yu pur the dirty water
F.Many gvernments have strict laws that help reduce water pllutin
G.If yu use chemicals fr yur farms, be careful nt t veruse pesticides(杀虫剂)
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, Catherine Svilicic was watching Charltte, her 17-mnth-ld daughter, playing in her backyard with a big dg named Khan. Khan's 16 wner had abused(虐待)and then abandned him befre the Svilicic family 17 him, just 4 days befre this 18 .
Althugh Khan and Charltte seemed t get alng fine, the 19 did smething t Charltte that nbdy wuld 20 ...
While 21 in the yard with Charltte, Khan suddenly became 22 . He pushed the baby arund the yard, then, all f a sudden, 23 her by her diaper(尿布)and threw her acrss the yard.
Catherine was very 24 , but a few mments afterwards, she suddenly realized what had happened:Khan had nticed a(n) 25 ging t bite little Charltte, and Khan's actin that seemed 26 at first was really an attempt t save the baby's life.
Althugh this 27 dg's actin was perfrmed just in time t take Charltte away frm the snake's bite, he instead was 28 a few mments later. Thanks t the vet wh 29 Khan by giving him an anti-venm sht(抗蛇毒素注射).
If Khan had nt 30 at the right mment, the pisnus snake wuld very likely have 31 Catherine's daughter instead. Althugh it was hardly mre than 4 days Khan had lived with this new family, this 32 still knew the right thing t d, and he 33 Charltte's life with his wn.
The Svilicic family plans t give Khan his 34 hme as a way f paying him back daily fr the 35 he demnstrated(展示)t their family in such a wnderful way.
B.friendlyC.previusD.future
B.adptedC.trainedD.cured
B.mvie
C.rescueD.incident
B.reprterC.mtherD.girl
B.d
C.findD.frget
B.eatingC.bathingD.wrking
B.aggressive
C.tiredD.frightened
B.caught
C.beatD.tre
B.prud
C.shckedD.delighted
B.catC.beeD.insect
B.vilent
C.reasnableD.effective
B.cute
C.wildD.brave
B.stuckC.caughtD.bitten
B.cheatedC.fundD.recvered
inB.ran away
C.drpped inD.hidden away
B.struckC.eatenD.trn
B.reprterC.herD.witness
B.prtected
C.cmparedD.exchanged
B.destryed
C.deservedD.temprary
B.value
C.qualityD.lve
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami which crashed int the castlines acrss Asia yesterday, 36 (kill)mre than 6,500 peple. Fishermen, turist htels, hmes and cars 37 (sweep)away by huge waves. The undersea quake 38 (strike) arund 7:00 am, Sunday ff the west cast f Indnesia's Sumatra Island. In that area alne, 39 least 1,870 peple were killed.
Indian fficials said as many as 1,900 had been killed alng the suthern cast. Anther 254 were fund 40 (die)in Thailand and 54 in three ther cuntries. In suthern Thailand, 1,900 peple were hurt and many mre peple were missing. “I was having breakfast with my three children 41 water started filling my hme. We had t leave everything and run t 42 (safe),” said a lcal Thai wman.
Thusands f peple are still missing, and the number f deaths is expected 43 (grw)even higher ver the next few days. Freign aid is being rganized fr the tsunami-hit cuntries. 44 , dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make 45 difficult t deliver fd and supplies.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
洪水、火山爆发(vlcanic eruptins)、地震和海啸(tsunamis)等自然灾害时有发生。面对自然灾害我们应该怎么做呢?请你根据以下要点提示以“Hw t deal with natural disasters”为题写一篇英语短文。
1.自然灾害造成的损失惨重;
2.我们应该掌握有关自然灾害的知识并做好充分准备;当自然灾害来临时,要坚定信念,团结一致,保持镇静,努力自救和帮助他人。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.文章标题已给出,不计入总词数。
Hw t deal with natural disasters
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
That cld January night, I was grwing sick f my life in San Francisc. There I was, walking hme alne in the mrning after a tiring practice at the theatre. With the pening night nly a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having truble dealing with my part-time jb at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thught seriusly abut giving up bth acting and San Francisc. City life had becme t much fr me.
As I walked dwn empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cld. I began running, bth t keep warm and t keep away frm any pssible rbber. Very few peple were still ut except a few sad-lking hmeless peple under blankets.
Abut a blck frm my apartment, I heard a sund behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting t see smene with a knife r a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the nise had made me nervus, s I started t run faster. Nt until I reached my apartment building and unlcked the dr did I realize what the nise had been. It had been my wallet falling t the sidewalk.
Suddenly I wasn't cld r tired anymre. I ran ut f the dr and back t where I'd heard the nise. Althugh I searched the sidewalk anxiusly fr fifteen minutes, my wallet was nwhere t be fund.
Just as I was abut t give up the search, I heard the garbage truck pull up t the sidewalk next t me. When a vice called frm the inside, “Alisa Camach?” I thught I was dreaming. Hw culd this man knw my name?The dr pened, and ut jumped a small red-haired man with an amused lk in his eyes. “Is this what yu're lking fr?” he asked, hlding up a small square shape.
It was nearly 3 A.M. by the time I gt int bed. I wuldn't get much sleep that night, but I had gt my wallet back. I als had gt back sme enjyment f city life. I realized that the city culdn't be a bad place as lng as peple were willing t help each ther.
附加题
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Sunday I saw a wrst strm in years. It came sudden and went n fr ver three hurs. After lunch, I went int my rm t having a rest. The air was ht, and all is quiet. Then a strng wind started t blw int my rm. Pieces paper n my desk flew high int the air and sme flew ut f the pen windw. As I run ut t catch them, big drp f rain began t fall. When I came back int rm, it was raining harder and harder. I tried very hard t clse the windw. Then I heard a ludly crashing(碰撞的)sund frm the back f the huse. S I ran ut f my rm t find ut what had happened:a big tree had fallen dwn and brke the tp f the backrm.
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了在地震前动物们的表现,有些动物对地震敏感,而有些动物察觉不到地震。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句Mandara seemed t knw smething big was abut t happen. S she let ut a up int a tree.可知,Mandara觉察出要出不寻常的事,因此表现异常。故选A项。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段Brandie的说话内容Animals can hear abve and belw ur range f hearing...可知,许多动物的听觉非常敏锐,故选A项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一、二句Nt all the animals behaved unusually befre the quake. Fr example, Smith said the z's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began.可知,大熊猫觉察不出要发生地震,故选D项。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物是怎样反击敌人和保护自己的。
4.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“plants prduce chlrphyll(叶绿素), which helps cnvert sunshine and water int the sugars that plants eat(植物产生叶绿素,这有助于将阳光和水变成植物吃的糖分)”可以推测cnvert是“改变,转变”的意思,即change。故选A。separate意思是“分开”,prevent意思是“阻止”,prduce意思是“生产”。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“if a plant prduced really tasty leaves,herbivres(creatures that eat nly plants)might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants”可知一些植物可能用美味的叶子来保护种子。故选C。
6.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mst plants use chemicals in a mre direct way against their enemies.In ther wrds,plants make pisn.(大部分植物以更直接的方式使用化学物质来对抗敌人。换句话说,植物产生毒素。)”可知,接下来会写不同的植物毒素对食草动物的不同影响。故选A。B、D选项与文章最后一段无关,C选项是说植物为什么产生毒素,最后一段已经提及是为了自保,故B、C、D三项不符合题意。
7.D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“But they can fight back.”、第二段中的“Plants have several ways f prtecting themselves. A plant can grw in a hidden r hard-t-get-t place.(植物有几种保护自己的方法。一株植物可以生长在一个隐蔽的或难以到达的地方。)”、第三段中的“But the mst interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals.(但最有趣的方式是植物通过使用化学物质反击。)”和第四段中的“They als prduce chemicals t help prtect themselves. (它们也产生化学物质来帮助保护自己。)”可以看出,文章主要介绍了植物如何保护自己。由此可知文章的最佳标题是“植物的自我保护”。故选D。 A、B、C均与主旨无关。
【高频词汇】 1.threaten v.威胁 2.fight back 反击;回击
3.avid v.避免 4.attractive adj.有吸引力的;吸引人的
5.discurage vt.阻止;劝阻 6.release vt.释放 7.signal v.发信号,示意;标志,表明 8.separate v.(使)分开;(使)分离;隔开
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了餐馆雇用残疾人的事情来说明残疾人同样有能力并且可以通过培训从事各种类型的工作,他们需要得到一个公平的机会。
8.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的The emplyees (雇员)cnsist entirely f peple with special needs.(雇员全部由有特殊需要的人组成。)可知,Univers Santi的特别之处在于这里的雇员都有特殊需要。故选D。A项:它是西班牙的一流餐厅;B项:它提供各种好吃的食物;C项:它提供很好的环境。
9.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“I feel really lucky t be part f it,” said Glria Bazán, head f human resurces, wh has cerebral palsy (脑瘫).及This has given me the pprtunity appreciate it very much.可知,Glria Baz?n很感激这家餐厅。再结合第三段第一句Nw the 20 very prud t be wrking in the restaurant.可推测,像Glria Bazán这样的残疾人都很感激在这家餐厅工作。故选C。A项:他们几乎不参加社交活动;B项:他们擅长做菜;D项:他们太在乎他人的看法。
10.B 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,文章主要通过介绍世界上一些国家的餐馆雇用残疾人来说明残疾人同样有能力并且可以通过培训从事各种类型的工作,他们需要得到一个公平的机会。由此推测,文章选自一篇新闻报道。A项:小说;B项:新闻报道;C项:旅游指南;D项:教育类书。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.be cncerned with 关注;对……感兴趣
2.cnsist f 由……组成 3.entirely adv.完全地;全然地;整个地
4.human resurces 人力资源部,人事部;人力资源 把……看作…… 6.an pprtunity t d 做……的机会 7.take part 参加,参与 8.appreciate v.感激;欣赏 9.deserve v.值得;应得 10.leading adj.一流的;最重要的;领先的,最前的
【熟词生义】 run v.经营;跑步
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种应对水污染的方法。
11.B 上文提出建议“你不应该乱扔垃圾”,下文说“如果附近没有,请把垃圾带回家扔到垃圾箱里”,由此可推知,设空处应该提到垃圾的去处,即垃圾箱,B项“总是寻找正确的垃圾箱”符合语境,故选B。
12.D 该段主旨句为第一句,即“合理用水”。设空处下文提到如果我们所有人都这样做,我们可以显著地预防水资源短缺并减少污水量,由此可推知设空处应出现具体的合理用水措施,且与设空处上文的措施形成并列关系,D项“此外,你可以减少洗衣和洗澡的用水量”起到了承上启下的作用,故选D。
13.G 该段主旨句为第一句,即“不要往厕所里冲化学物、油、颜料和药物”。下文先就城市情况展开说明,指导城市居民避免造成水污染,设空处下文提到居住在水体附近该采取措施避免水污染,由此可推知设空处缺少在某地应具体采取的预防污染措施,G项“如果你为农场使用化学物,当心不要过度使用杀虫剂”符合上下文,故选G。
14.F 设空处下文为“这些法律是针对工业、医院、学校和市场区域如何对待和处理污水的”,由此可推知,设空处应出现法律,F项“许多政府在帮助减少水污染方面有严格的法律”符合上下文,故选F。
15.A 设空处上文“也有许多组织和团体帮助教育人们水污染的危害”介绍一些组织和团体,设空处下文“他们定期鼓励团体的其他成员对水有更好的态度”介绍这些团体的活动,由此可推知设空处与那些组织和团体有关,A项“加入这些团体是不错的主意”符合上下文,故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.invlved adj.关注 2.especially adv.尤其;特别
3.significantly adv.明显地;显著地 4.shrtage n.短缺;不足
5.efficient adj.效率高的
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一条被前主人遗弃的狗Khan在新主人家从毒蛇口中救下了婴儿,成了这家的英雄,用自己的行为报答了收养自己的主人。
16.C 根据空后面的had abused(虐待) and then abandned him可知,应该选C项,即这只狗之前的主人虐待并且抛弃了它。
17.B 与前文abandned相对应的只有B项,即这只狗被抛弃后,Svilicic一家领养了它。
18.D 此处是说,文章所叙述的Khan舍命救人的事是在它被领养四天后发生的。
19.A 应该选A项,dg指让步状语从句中的Khan,Charltte是那个被狗救过命的女婴。
20.D 空前面的did smething t Charltte 指的就是Khan奋不顾身救Charltte,这当然是令人难忘的。
21.A 主句的主语是Khan,从句被省略了的主语与主句主语一致,因此不难推理出应该选A项,狗和Charltte在院子里面玩耍,首段首句中的playing也是提示。
22.B 狗和女婴玩得好好的,却突然富于攻击性。
23.B 这是描述狗奋力救人的系列动作,狗突然咬住女婴的尿布,把她甩到院子的另一端。
24.C 这是描述女婴母亲Catherine心理活动的,这位母亲面对突然发生的事件惊呆了。
25.A 根据27空后的frm the snake's bite可知答案。
26.B 明确了狗奋力救人的来龙去脉,可以很容易将答案锁定在B项,Khan一开始那貌似暴力的行为实际上是为了救女婴。
27.D 只有D项能够正确形容狗奋力救人的行为,关键时刻舍己救人这当然是勇敢的。
28.D 分析空后内容可知,应该选D项,狗为了救人自己被咬。
29.D 空前的vet是关键,再根据空后的方式状语by giving him an anti-venm sht可知应该选D项,兽医让狗恢复了健康。
30.A 只有A项符合整个故事情节,Khan适时行动救了女婴的命。step in介入,干预。run away逃跑,drp in顺便拜访,hide away躲起来。
31.B 此处应该选B项,strike意为“袭击”。
32.C 此处应该用her指英勇救人的狗,因此选C项。
33.B he指Khan,根据上文叙述的情节可知,狗用自己的生命保护了Charltte的生命。
34.C 空后的as a way f paying him back是提示,主人给Khan提供了家,这是它“应得的”,是对它的回报。
35.D 结合空前后内容可知,Svilicic一家人报答Khan的原因应该是他以如此了不起的方式对一家人展示出的爱。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一场在亚洲发生的严重的海啸及其影响。
36.killing 考查非谓语动词。句意:过去40年来最强烈的地震引发了昨天冲击亚洲海岸的海啸,致使6,500多人丧生。句中已有谓语动词caused,此处应用非谓语形式;此处表示自然而然的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填killing。
37.were swept 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此句缺少谓语,表示过去发生的事,应用一般过去时;由by及语境可知是“被冲走”,应用被动语态,又因为主语为复数,故填were swept。
38.struck 考查时态。此句缺少谓语,由上文可知事件发生在过去,故填struck。
39.at 考查固定搭配。at least意为“至少”,故填at。
40.dead 考查形容词。在此句中“find+宾语+宾补”变为被动形式“主语+be fund+主补”,形容词作补语,故填dead。
41.when 考查固定句型。sb. was ding sth. when...为固定句型,意思是“某人正在做某事,这时……”,故填when。
42.safety 考查名词。应用名词作介词t的宾语,故填safety。
43.t grw 考查固定搭配。be expected t d 意思为“预计会做……”,故填t grw。
44.Hwever 考查副词。上文提到外国帮助,下文提到帮助会遇到的困难,上下文形成转折,空后有逗号,故填Hwever。
45.it 考查代词。设空处作形式宾语,后边的不定式短语t deliver fd and supplies是真正的宾语,difficult是宾补,故用it作形式宾语。
第三部分 写作
第一节 应用文写作
One pssible versin:
Hw t deal with natural disasters
Natural disasters, such as flds, vlcanic eruptins, earthquakes and tsunamis, can happen at any time, causing a bad lss f life and damage. Hw shuld we deal with them?
First f all, we shuld master rich knwledge abut natural disasters and make adequate preparatins fr them. Secndly, as the ld saying ges, “Many hands make light wrk.” When natural disasters really happen, we shuld have a firm belief and unite t fight against them. Mrever, we shuld keep calm and try t save urselves and help thers at the same time. Only in this way can we defeat natural disasters in the end.
第二节 概要写作
写作指导
A.语篇内容解读
本文是一篇记叙文。文章以作者在一个寒冷的冬夜下班回家的路上感叹城市生活的艰辛和一个人走夜路的害怕心理开篇,接着描述了作者在路上掉了钱包后被一个司机捡到并归还,最后作者因失而复得的钱包重拾对城市生活的信心。
B.文章脉络分析
C.写作建议
记叙文的概要一般要包括记叙文六要素(when、where、wh、what、why、hw),重点要写清楚谁做了什么,结果如何。具体可以分为四步:1.确定主题句,文章的主题句一般在文章开头;2.寻找关键词,关键词一般为名词、形容词;3.重构主题句,概括的主题句逻辑上要统领后面所有的支撑句;4.重组支撑句,支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句,可以是补充过程或者提供证据。
One pssible versin:
Dismayed by ding tw jbs at a time, the authr thught f quitting her city life in San Francisc. (要点1)One early mrning, she ran n her way hme after wrk t keep warm and avid pssible rbbery. She lst her wallet n the way and failed t find it. (要点2)Unexpectedly, a driver had picked it up and returned it t her. (要点3)Mved by this, she regained faith in city life and wuld prbably stay n.(要点4)
附加题
短文改错
1.第一句:a→the 考查冠词。由语境可知此处表示“最糟糕的”,故用定冠词。
2.第二句:sudden→suddenly 考查副词。修饰动词came用副词。
3.第三句:having→have 考查动词不定式。此处表示目的,应用动词不定式t d。t在此处是不定式符号,其后应用动词原形。
4.第四句:is→was 考查时态。叙述过去的事情,应用一般过去时态。
5.第六句:Pieces后加f 考查介词。paper表示“纸”时是不可数名词,表示“……张纸”时其前应用a piece f修饰。pieces f paper许多张纸。
6.第七句:run→ran 考查时态。叙述过去的事情,应用一般过去时态。run的过去式是ran。
7.第七句:drp→drps 考查名词的数。drp表示“滴”时是可数名词,其前没有冠词,应用复数形式。
8.第八句:rm前加my或the 考查代词或冠词。rm为可数名词,在此处用的是单数形式,其前应有冠词等限定词修饰;这里特指上文提到的房间即“我”的房间,故在rm前加my或the。
9.第十句:ludly→lud 考查形容词。此处表示“巨大的碰撞声音”,应用形容词作定语修饰名词sund。
10.第十一句:brke→brken 考查动词。根据连词and可知,had fallen和had brken是并列谓语,其中brken前的had可以省略。
单元达标检测
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
1.A
2.A
3.D
4.A
5.C
6.A
7.D
8.D
9.C
10.B
11.B
12.D
13.G
14.F
15.A
16.C
17.B
18.D
19.A
20.D
21.A
22.B
23.B
24.C
25.A
26.B
27.D
28.D
29.D
30.A
31.B
32.C
33.B
34.C
35.D
原句 Fr instance,if a plant prduced really tasty leaves,herbivres(creatures that eat nly plants) might eat the leaves instead f the seeds, which the plant needs fr making mre plants.
分析 这是一个非真实条件句(虚拟条件句),表示对现在情况的虚拟,从句谓语动词用过去式prduced,主句谓语用“wuld/shuld/culd/might+动词原形”。此句中if a 是从句, plants是主句;在主句中, plants为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the seeds。
句意 例如,假如植物长出非常美味的叶子,那么食草动物也许就会吃叶子而不吃种子,而植物需要这些种子以长出更多的植物。
原句 There are ther restaurants that make it their duty t emply peple with special needs.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。主句使用了there be句型,主语为ther restaurants;that在句中引导定语从句,修饰先行词ther restaurants,关系代词that在从句中作主语;定语从句中谓语为make,it为形式宾语,their duty为宾补,真正的宾语为后面的不定式结构t emply peple with special needs。
句意 还有一些餐馆把雇用有特殊需要的人作为他们的职责。
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