Unit 1　Food matters Part 2-2022版英语选择性必修第一册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

Part 2　Grammar and usage &Integrated skills

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. We stopped on the mountain pass to admire the 　　　(风景). 

2. There was an 　　　(气氛) of mutual trust between them. 

3. Pasta's basic ingredients are 　　　(面粉) and water, sometimes with the addition of eggs or oil. 

4. There are two 　　　(版本) of the game, a long one and a short one. 

5.I 　　　(打赌) that he can pass the exam because he has reviewed all his notes. 

6. The Eagles went home, angry and 　　　(愤愤不平的) because they did not win the tournament. 

7.　　　(烘烤) a cake and use frosting to write “Happy Birthday” on it. 

8.Every morning, his mother 　　　(煮) an egg for him to provide enough nutrition for him. 

9. The e　　　 need special care in winter, as they are sensitive to the sudden change of weather. 

10.Chinese usually use animal or peanut oil to f　　　 food. 

Ⅱ.选词填空

out of this world;cheer up;come across;no wonder;throw oneself into;hand in;pick up;get bored with

1.With the college entrance examination approaching, it's time that I 　　　　　　hard work. 

2.As you 　　　　　　new words in the context, it is a very useful method for you to guess their meanings. 

3.The professor demanded that all the essays should 　　　　　　to him by Jan. 10th. 

4.　　　　　　you're tired, you have been working for hours. 

5.The bus driver carefully stopped the bus to 　　　　　　the passengers. 

6.Don't say anything more, or he may 　　　　　　you. 

7. The place is so pretty and relaxing that it's really 　　　　　　! 

8.The baby 　　　　　　at the sight of the toy bear. 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1.China will 　　　　(enhancement) cooperation with countries and regions supporting the Belt and Road Initiative. 

2. The new English teacher made a good 　　　　(impress) on the students. 

3.Not only is the film strikingly beautiful, but it's extremely imaginative and 　　　　(adore). 

4.It is crucial 　　　　(step) up international cooperation to minimize the COVID-19's impact on economic growth. 

5.　　　　 (finish) this job in one day is impossible. 

6.The next step is 　　　　(make) sure that you know exactly what is required. 

Ⅳ.完成句子

1. 玛丽不仅能说法语,而且她知道如何用法语写东西。

Not only　　　 　　　　　　　　　, but she also knows how to write in French. 

2.有机器的帮助,我们能按时完成工作。

With 　　　　　　　　　　　　, we can finish the work on time. 

3.在没有朋友的情况下生存对我们来说是有挑战的。

It is challenging for us 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

4.你面临的主要问题是如何提高你的学习效率。

The main problem you are facing is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

5. 昨晚讨论了这件事怎么做。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　was discussed last night. 

6.每当我看到这面旗帜我就会想起我的国家和我的战友们。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　, I think of my country and my comrades in arms. 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2020湖南株洲二中高一期中,)

Over the past few months, people in the United States have been watching some unusual television advertisements. They are unusual because they advertise a product that no American uses now or is likely to use in the future.

The advertisements show that a product called golden rice will help prevent blindness in millions of children.

None of these children live in the United States. They live in countries where white rice forms the main part of the diet. Too much white rice without other food causes lack of vitamin A. This can generate blindness.

Golden rice has been developed to solve this problem through genetic(基因的) engineering. As well as TV advertisements, most news media carried stories about this great scientific development that would help some of the poorest children in the world.

It might also save the science of genetic engineering. People in Europe and America have learned more about genetically modified (转基因的) food over the past few years. And the more they learn, the less they like what they hear. People like science. And people like to eat food. But they would like the two things to keep apart.

The truth is that a child would have to eat 9,000 grams of golden rice every day to get enough vitamin A.And Gordon Conway of the Rockefeller Foundation, which helped the development of golden rice, says that the advertisements have gone too far.

Perhaps the main purpose of golden rice is to get people to accept genetically modified food. The TV advertisements send a very clear message—if you don't accept this technology then poor children will go blind. It has cost the US $50 million to get that message across. That would buy a lot of food for poor children.

What do the people who are said to benefit from golden rice think of being part of this great scientific and social argument? Nobody knows. Nobody has asked them.

1.Why does the author think children in the US need no golden rice?

A.They don't need vitamin A.

B.They have all kinds of food.

C.It is genetically modified food.

D.There isn't enough vitamin A in it.

2.What is the main reason why golden rice is advertised in the US?

A.Golden rice will prevent blindness in children.

B.Golden rice is the first genetically modified food.

C.People know little about genetically modified food.

D.People have not fully accepted genetically modified food.

3.According to the text, what kind of food do people in Europe and America like best?

A.Food that is rich in vitamin A.

B.Food produced in poor countries.

C.Food produced with no help from science.

D.Food produced through genetic engineering.

4.What is the author's opinion of the TV advertisements?

A.They are believable.

B.They need improvement.

C.They are not telling the truth.

D.They are put in a wrong place.

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2020山东淄博第七中学高一下月考,)

The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed(把……牢牢地嵌入) meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.

Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Starbucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, 　1　 and stores. Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans 　2　 that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and 　3　 service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma(香味) all 　4　 the “Starbucks Experience”. 

Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled. Starbucks prided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”, 　5　 coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers. 

　6　 those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and 　7　 advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. At home you're part of a family. At work you're part of a company. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself. That's what a Starbucks store has been 　8　 to creating for its customers—a kind of “the third place” where they can 　9　, reflect, read, chat or listen. 

The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid(美人鱼) that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the 　10　 from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also 　11　 original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle. 

Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of 　12　: the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, 　13　 sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling of experience in the 　14　 life. 

The 　15　 of Starbucks is not about the coffee, although it's great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption. 

1.A.people　　B.managers        C.customers　　D.clients

2.A.determined　　B.promised         C.ensured　　D.predicted

3.A.emergency　　B.environment

C.employment　　D.customer

4.A.consisted of　　B.benefited from

C.contributed to　　D.headed for

5.A.going beyond　　B.coming across

C.making up　　D.depending on

6.A.Regardless of　　B.In addition to

C.Compared with　　D.In terms of

7.A.general　　B.reasonable

C.legal　　D.fascinating

8.A.committed　　B.alerted

C.subjected　　D.required

9.A.negotiate　　B.perform

C.conceal　　D.escape

10.A.imagination　　B.inspiration

C.patent　　D.philosophy

11.A.creates　　B.cultivates

C.credits　　D.conveys

12.A.brand　　B.logo

C.possession　　D.experience

13.A.greedily　　B.gently

C.persistently　　D.indifferently

14.A.busy　　B.easy         C.miserable　　D.energetic

15.A.product　　B.vision

C.essence　　D.importance

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2020河北石家庄精英中学高一下月考,)

Wang Peng earned his living by running a barbecue restaurant, 　1　 served delicious bacon, fried chicken breast and mutton roasted with pepper and garlic.

　2　 his food and discount attracted fewer and fewer customers. 　3　(final), he was in debt. Yong Hui's slimming restaurant served fresh peas, carrots, eggplants, and raw cucumbers with vinegar.As the hostess, she said fiber benefited customers' digestion the most. In order not to let Yong Hui get away with 　4　(tell) lies, Wang Peng

　5　(spy) on Yong Hui despite her glare. But he was surprised that she was losing her customers, too. 　6　(curious) drove Wang Peng to consult an expert. The expert sighed and said, “Both of your menus have weaknesses and limited 　7　(strength).” So the expert recommended that they 　8　(combine) the two menus and provide

　9　 balanced diet. Before long, Wang Peng won his customers 　10　. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

Part 2　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.scenery　2.atmosphere　3.flour　4.versions　5.bet

6.bitter　7.Bake　8.boils　9.elderly　10.fry

Ⅱ.1.threw myself into　2.come across　3.be handed in

4.No wonder　5.pick up　6.get bored with　7.out of this world     8.cheered up

Ⅲ.1.enhance　考查动词。句意:中国将加强同支持“一带一路”倡议的国家和地区的合作。enhance意为“增强”,与助动词will一起构成谓语。故填enhance。

2.impression　考查名词。句意:新来的英语老师给学生留下了一个很好的印象。形容词good后接名词。故填impression。make a good impression on...意为“给……留下好印象”。

3. adorable　考查形容词。句意:这部电影不仅美得惊人,而且想象力极其丰富,可爱至极。连词and连接并列的形容词作表语。故填adorable。

4. to step　考查动词不定式作主语。句意:非常重要的是要加强国际合作,最大限度地减少新冠肺炎对经济增长的影响。It作形式主语,真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语to step up...。故填to step。

5.To finish　考查非谓语动词。句意:要在一天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作主语。故填To finish。

6. to make　考查非谓语动词。句意:下一步你要确保你清楚地知道需要的是什么。分析句子结构可知,这里表示将要发生的动作,应用动词不定式作表语。故填to make。

Ⅳ.1.can Mary speak French

2. the machine helping us

3. to survive without friends

4.how to improve your learning efficiency

5. How to do it

6.Whenever I see this flag

能力提升练

Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了美国电视广告中宣传的关于解决贫困地区儿童缺乏维生素A问题的“黄金大米”,但美国人民希望科学和吃的东西是分开的,并不接受转基因食品。

1.B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,这些孩子都不住在美国。他们生活在以白米为主要食物的国家。吃太多白米而不吃其他食物会导致他们缺乏维生素A,最终导致失明。由此可推断出,美国的孩子不需要吃黄金大米,是因为他们有各种各样的食物,不缺乏维生素A。故选B。也正因为美国的孩子不缺乏维生素A,所以就不需要能补充维生素A的黄金大米,并不是因为它是转基因食品,所以C项与原文信息不符;根据第四段第一句可知,黄金大米的开发就是为了解决长期吃白米导致的维生素A缺乏问题的,所以黄金大米应富含维生素A,所以D项与原文信息不符;而A项“他们不需要维生素A”的信息原文未提及且与常识不符。

2.D　推理判断题。根据文章第五段第二、三句可知,美国人对转基因食品已经有一定的了解,但他们了解得越多,就越不喜欢听到的东西;结合第七段第一句Perhaps the main purpose of golden rice is to get people to accept genetically modified food.可知,或许黄金大米的主要目的是让人们接受转基因食品。所以推断出,黄金大米在美国做广告的主要原因是人们还没有完全接受转基因食品。故选D。根据第二段可知,广告展示了一种叫作“黄金大米”的产品,它将有助于防止数百万儿童失明,由第三段第一句可知,美国儿童不存在这样的问题,所以这不是在美国做广告的主要原因,所以A项错误;根据第五段第二句People in Europe and America have learned more about genetically modified (转基因的) food over the past few years.可知,过去的几年里,欧洲和美国的人们对转基因食品有了更多的了解,所以C项“人们对转基因食品知之甚少”与原文信息不符;而B项“黄金大米是第一种转基因食品”原文未提及。

3.C　推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后三句People like science. And people like to eat food. But they would like the two things to keep apart.可知,在美国和欧洲,人们喜欢科学,也喜欢吃东西。但是人们希望科学和吃的东西是分开的。由此可推断出,欧美人最喜欢的食物是没有科学帮助而产出的食物。故选C。D项“欧美人喜欢转基因食品”错误;A项“富含维生素A的食品”和B项“贫穷国家生产的食品”等信息原文未提及。

4.C　推理判断题。根据第六段前两句可知一个儿童每天要吃9千克黄金大米才能获得足够的维生素A,这是不现实的,而且这些广告言过其实。由此可推断出,作者认为电视广告没有说实话,故选C,同时排除A项“它们是可信的”。B项“它们需要改进”和D项“它们放错地方了”等信息原文未提及。

【高频词汇】　1.advertisement n.广告;广告学　2.product n.产品;结果　3.purpose n.目的;用途　4.get...across 传达;转达　5.benefit from 得益于;从……中受益

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,介绍了虽然星巴克的咖啡很棒,但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡,而在于它的企业文化。

1.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意:对于星巴克来说,这个品牌有三个要素:咖啡、人和店铺。people人(们);manager经理;customer顾客;client客户。上文说星巴克将打造品牌个性的理念作为企业文化的一部分,将意义嵌入产品中,从而吸引更多的顾客。由此可知,人是星巴克品牌文化的三个要素之一,故A项正确。

2.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意:对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格的控制,确保了咖啡具有尽可能高的品质。determine决定;promise承诺;ensure确保,保证;predict预言。对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格的控制的目的自然是确保咖啡的品质,故C项正确。

3.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意:聘请优秀的门店人员,对他们进行咖啡知识和客户服务培训。emergency紧急情况;environment环境;employment就业;customer客户。根据常识可知,店员上岗前要进行客户服务方面的培训,customer service表示“客户服务”,故D项正确。

4.C　考查动词短语辨析。句意:店内的设计、氛围和香气都提升了“星巴克体验”。consist of由……组成;benefit from从……中受益;contribute to有助于,为……做贡献;head for前往。

5.A　考查动词短语辨析。句意:星巴克以“星巴克体验”为荣,其服务超出了咖啡,为顾客提供独特的体验。go beyond超出;come across遇到;make up弥补;depend on取决于。下文说星巴克为顾客提供的不仅仅是咖啡,由此可知,“星巴克体验”超出了咖啡,为顾客提供独特的体验,故A项正确。

6.C　考查短语辨析。句意:与那些传统的咖啡店为您提供的带走即食的服务相比,星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡。regardless of不顾;in addition to除……之外(还);compared with与……相比;in terms of在……方面。空后提到了传统咖啡店的服务,因此此处是将星巴克与传统咖啡店作比较,故C项正确。

7.B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这里有很棒的人,一流的音乐,舒适、快乐的会议场所,以及在家里煮优质咖啡的合理建议。general一般的;reasonable合理的;legal合法的;fascinating迷人的。根据常识可知,“建议”常用“合理”修饰,故B项正确。

8.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意:这就是星巴克致力于为顾客创造的——一种“第三空间”,在那里他们可以逃离(喧嚣)、思考、阅读、聊天或倾听。commit承诺,投身;alert警告;subject使臣服;require要求。be committed to表示“致力于”,故A项正确。

9.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。negotiate谈判;perform执行;conceal隐藏;escape逃离,避开。根据空后的reflect, read, chat or listen可知,在星巴克创造的“第三空间”里,人们可以逃离(喧嚣),旨在突出星巴克营造的安静环境,故D项正确。本题易错选conceal,认为是“隐藏在安静的环境中”。但conceal表示“隐藏”时为及物动词,所以排除C项。

10.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意:它是由泰瑞·赫克勒设计的,他从木制的海洋雕像中得到灵感。imagination想象;inspiration灵感;patent专利权;philosophy哲理。根据空后的from the wooden statue of the sea可知,这个设计灵感是从木制的海洋雕像中获得的,故B项正确。

11.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意:美人鱼标识还传达了原始和现代的含义……。create创造;cultivate培养;credit归功于;convey传达。一个品牌的标识应该是传达某种含义,故D项正确。

12.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意:星巴克将典型的美国文化逐渐分解为体验元素:视觉上的温暖、听觉上煮咖啡的声音、嗅觉上的咖啡香气等。brand品牌;logo标识;possession财产;experience体验。根据空后的the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on可知,此处指“体验元素”,故D项正确。

13.B　考查副词词义辨析。句意:试想,透过巨大的玻璃窗,望着拥挤的街道,轻轻地抿一口咖啡香,这正符合“雅痞”,在忙碌的生活中体验的感觉。greedily贪婪地;gently轻轻地;persistently坚定地;indifferently冷淡地。根据常识可知,刚煮好的咖啡是非常热的,要一小口一小口轻轻地抿着喝,故B项正确。

14.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。busy忙碌的;easy简单的;miserable悲惨的;energetic精力充沛的。根据上文说的拥挤的街道可知,平时的生活节奏是很快的,因此此处指的是“忙碌的生活”,故A项正确。

15.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意:星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡,尽管它是很棒的咖啡。product产品;vision视力;essence精髓,精华;importance重要性。空后说咖啡只是一种载体,咖啡消费在很大程度上是一种情感和文化层面的消费,因此此处是说星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡,而在于它的文化,故C项正确。

【高频词汇】　1.promote v.促进;提升;推销　2.definition n.定义　3.element n.要素;元素;原理　4.original adj.原始的;开始的　5.abstract adj.抽象的

Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍王鹏的餐厅和雍慧的餐厅有各自的优缺点,专家建议他们把两种菜单结合起来,以便更好地为顾客提供均衡的饮食。

1.which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:王鹏开了一家烧烤店谋生,店里供应美味的熏猪肉、炸鸡胸肉,还有用胡椒和大蒜烤制的羊肉。分析句型结构可知,此处a barbecue restaurant是先行词,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。

2.But　考查连词。句意:但是他的食物和折扣吸引的顾客越来越少。根据句意可知,该句与上句构成转折关系,故填But。

3.Finally　考查副词。句意:最后,他负债了。此处是副词修饰整个句子,所给词final是形容词,其副词形式是finally。注意句子开头首字母要大写。故填Finally。

4.telling　考查非谓语动词。句意:为了不让雍慧撒谎而逃脱惩罚,王鹏不顾雍慧的怒视,暗中监视她。此处with是介词,后面用动名词作宾语。故填telling。

5.spied　考查动词的时态。句意同上。根据句意可知,这里在叙述过去发生的事,所以用一般过去时,故填spied。

6.Curiosity　考查名词。句意:好奇心驱使王鹏去请教专家。分析句型结构可知,句中drove是谓语动词,句子缺少主语,所给词curious是形容词,意为“好奇的”,这里应该用名词作主语,其名词形式是curiosity,注意句首字母大写。故填Curiosity。

7.strengths　考查名词的数。句意:专家叹了口气说:“你们两个的菜单都有不足和有限的优势。”与weaknesses“缺点,不足”对应,所以这里用复数形式strengths,意为“优点,优势”,故填strengths。

8.combine　考查虚拟语气。句意:所以专家建议他们把两种菜单结合起来,提供均衡的饮食。recommend表示“建议”,后接宾语从句时,从句常用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

9.a　考查不定冠词。句意同上。此处泛指健康的饮食,diet是单数可数名词,balanced以辅音音素开头,故填a。

10.back　考查固定短语。句意:不久,王鹏赢回了他的顾客。此处构成固定短语win...back,意为“赢回;重新获得”。故填back。

【高频词汇】　1.earn one's living谋生　2.attract vt.吸引;引起

3.in debt 负债　4.benefit v.有益于,对……有益　5.consult v.向……请教;查阅;商量