八年级英语人教版上册例题与讲解：Unit10Ifyougototheparty，youllhaveagreattime!SectionB&SelfCheck

Unit 10　If you go to the party，you'll have a great time!

Section B & Self Check

Section B 2b

a．If people have problems，they should get advice from an expert.

b．If people have problems，they should talk to other people.

c．①If people have problems，they should try to keep them to themselves.

Students these days often have a lot of worries：Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork，and sometimes with their friends.What can they do about this？Some people believe the worst thing is to do nothing.Laura Mills，a teenager from London，agrees.“Problems and worries are normal in life，” says Laura.“But I think talking to someone helps a lot.②Unless we talk to someone，we'll certainly feel worse.”

Laura once lost her wallet，and worried for days.She was afraid to tell her parents about it.She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have any money.She just kept thinking，“If I tell my parents，they'll be angry！” ③In the end，she talked to her parents and they were really understanding.

④Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful.“I will always remember to share my problems in the future！” Laura says.

Robert Hunt advises students about common problems.He feels the same way as Laura.“It is best not to run away from our problems.⑤We should always try to solve them.” He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.This person doesn't need to be an expert like himself.⑥Students often forget that their parents have more experience than them，and are always there to help them.⑦In English，we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.So you're halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it！,

a．如果人们遇到问题，他们应该从专家那儿得到建议。

b．如果人们遇到问题，他们应该和他人倾诉。

c．如果人们遇到问题，他们应该尽力保守秘密。

现在的学生们经常有许多烦恼：有时候他们在作业方面遇到问题，有时候和朋友遇到问题。关于问题他们能做什么呢？一些人认为最糟糕的事情是什么也不做。劳拉·米尔斯，一个来自伦敦的青少年同意这观点。“问题和烦恼在生活中是正常的，”劳拉说，“但是我认为和他人倾诉帮助很大。如果我们不和人倾诉，自然会感到更难过。”

劳拉曾丢了她的钱包并担忧好多天。她害怕告诉父母。她甚至每天步行三英里去上学因为她没钱。她只是不断地想：“如果我告诉父母，他们将会很生气！”最后，她和父母进行了交谈，他们都很理解。她爸爸说他自己有时候也会犯粗心的错误。他们给她买了新钱包，让她当心点。“将来我会总是记得去分享我的问题！”劳拉说。

罗伯特·亨特对于通常的问题给学生们提了建议。他和劳拉的感受一样。“最好不要逃避问题。我们应该总是尽力去解决它们。”他认为第一步是找到你信任的人去交流。这个人不必像他一样是专家。学生们经常忘记了他们的父母经验比他们多，并总是在帮助他们。在英语中，我们说分享问题就如同把问题切成两半。所以通过和他人交流，你在中途就把问题解决了！

1．travel around the world 周游全世界

travel v．& n. 旅行；游历

(1)作动词时，过去式为traveled (travelled)；现在分词为traveling(travelling)。可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。

They traveled to South Africa last year.

去年他们去南非旅行过。

Travel is much cheaper than before.

旅行比以前便宜多了。

(2)traveler (traveller) n．旅行者；漂泊者；游客[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]

Some travelers would like to visit interesting places.

一些旅行者想去参观有趣的地方。

travel和trip

travel泛指一般意义的旅行，是不可数名词。只是泛指旅行，而不特指某次具体的旅行。

若是具体指某人的旅行，通常用复数形式，且通常有物主代词修饰。

He wrote down his travels to America.

他记下了他去美国的旅行。

trip 通常指近距离的为了办事或消遣而进行旅行，并且往往要回到出发点(即指双程)。有时也可指远距离的长途旅行。

How was your trip last week？你上周的旅行怎样？

【例1】He ______ the country ______.

A．travels；on feet　     B．travelled；on foot

C．travels；by foot       D．traveled；by feet

点拨：根据“步行”用on foot可知只有B项正确。句意为“他徒步旅行了这个国家”。

答案：B

【例2】Many ______ had a hard ______.

A．travel；trip        B．travelers；travel

C．travelers；trip       D．trips；travel

点拨：many后接可数名词复数，排除A项；而travel是不可数名词，只有在表示具体的某人旅行时，才用复数形式；且题干中有a，后接单数名词，故排除B、D两项。句意为“许多旅行者进行了艰苦的旅行”。

答案：C

【例3】根据汉语意思完成下列句子

①你喜欢旅行吗？

Do you ______ ______？

②请写一篇你去桂林的游记。

Please write your ______ ______ Guilin.

③咱们到山上去旅行吧。

Let's take ______ ______ to the mountain.

答案：① like travelling　② travels to　③ a trip

2．①If people have problems，they should try to keep them to themselves.

如果人们遇到问题，他们应该保守秘密。

keep...to oneself 保守秘密

Don't keep it to yourself.

不要闷在心里。

keep to myself 自己保留；保守秘密

I want to keep sadness to myself.

我想把悲伤留给自己。

themselves pron.他(她、它) 们自己

它是them的反身代词。

反身代词表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它在句中可以起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。

反身代词以­self(单数)和­selves(复数)结尾。第一、二人称的反身代词由物主代词加­self/­selves构成。第三人称的反身代词由代词宾格加­self/­selves 构成。

反身代词和句中的主语是一个人，可作宾语、表语、同位语。

He teaches himself English.他自学英语。

We enjoyed ourselves last week.

上周我们玩得很快乐。

【例1】I can tell you if you promise ______ it to ______.

A．to keep；you      B．keeping；yourself

C．to keep；yourself      D．keeping；you

点拨：promise后接动词不定式，故从A、C两项中选取一个；you的反身代词是yourself。故选C项。

答案：C

【例2】I guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed ______ at the dancing party.

A．myself        B．himself

C．herself        D．themselves

点拨：Peter and his sister 表达的是第三人称复数，故用复数的反身代词。

答案：D

【例3】根据汉语意思完成下列句子

①我妹妹八岁了，她能照看自己了。

My sister is eight and she can ______ ______ ______.

②这些孩子们能自己穿衣。

These children can ______ ______.

答案：① look after herself　② dress themselves

3．②Unless we talk to someone，we'll certainly feel worse.

如果我们不和人倾诉，自然会感到更难过。

本句是复合句，unless引导的条件状语从句。

unless conj. 除非；如果不

它引导条件状语从句，相当于if...not，在许多情况下可以互换。

unless引导的条件状语从句和if条件状语从句，与时间状语从句一样，若主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。

Don't come unless I call you.

如果我不打电话你就不要来。

【例题】The sports meeting will continue ______ it rains this afternoon.

A．if         B．since

C．as soon as       D．unless

点拨：A项意为“如果”；B项意为“自从……以来”；C项意为“一……就”；D项意为“如果不”；本句意为“今天下午如果天不下雨，运动会将继续举行”。由此可知A、B、C三项不符合句意。

答案：D

4．③In the end，she talked to her parents and they were really understanding.

最后，她和父母进行了交谈，他们都很理解。

in the end 最后；终于

He worked hard and in the end he got an A in the English test.

他努力学习，最后英语测试他得了A。

at the end of 在……的末尾；在……的尽头

There is a shop at the end of the street.

在街道的尽头有一家商店。

by the end of 到……末为止

Will you visit me by the end of next term?

到下学期末你会来看我吗？

end up 结束；告终

They watched TV the whole afternoon and ended up talking about something at school.

他们看了整个下午的电视，以谈论学校的事情而结束。

in the end的同义词(组)是：finally，at last。

Finally，we climbed up the mountain.[来源:Zxxk.Com]

最后，我们终于登上了山。

【例1】______，he passed the exam.

A．By the end       B．At the end

C．In the end       D．On the end

点拨：by the end后接上of，意为“到……末为止”；at the end 后接上of，意为“在……的末尾；在……的尽头”；暂无on the end短语。句意为“他终于通过了考试”。in the end意为“最后；终于”。

答案：C　

【例2】 When we practice speaking English，we often end up ______in Chinese.

A．to speak       B．speaking

C．spoken        D．speak

点拨：end up doing sth.意为“以……而告终”；句意为“当我们练习说英语时，我们经常以说汉语而结束”。

答案：B

5.④Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.

她爸爸说他自己有时候也会犯粗心的错误。

careless adj. 粗心的；不小心的，其反义词是：careful细致的；精心的；慎重的

The twins are different.The elder brother is careful，but the other is careless.

这对双胞胎有所不同。哥哥很细心，而另一个很粗心。

carelessly adv. 粗心地；carefully adv.细致地；谨慎地

care n. & v. 关系；在意；担忧

take care＝be careful＝look out当心；小心

take care of 照顾；照料

care about 关心

Please drive carefully when the traffic is very busy.

当交通繁忙时请谨慎驾车。

mistake n. 错误；失误

常构成词组：make a mistake “犯错误”，by mistake “错误地”。

I think they are making a serious mistake.

我认为他们正在犯一个严重的错误。

Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake.

汤姆一定是错拿了你的字典。

mistake v．意思是“弄错；误解”。过去式是：mistook

He mistook me for my younger brother.

他把我错当成我弟弟了。

【例1】The boy made many mistakes in his exam，because he was very ______.

A．care        B．careful

C．careless        D．carelessly

点拨：根据前半句“这男孩在测试中犯了许多错误”可知“因为他很粗心”；was是系动词，后接形容词作表语，故选C项。

答案：C

【例2】He often ______in spelling last year.

A．makes a mistake      B．makes mistakes

C．made a mistake      D．made mistake

点拨：根据last year可知时态用一般过去时，A、B两项错误；表示“犯错误”用短语make mistakes/a mistake，故D项也错误。句意为“去年他常在拼写方面出错”。

答案：C

【例3】Sorry，I took your schoolbag by ______.

A．mistake        B．mistakes

C．mistook        D．mistaken

点拨：by 是介词，其后应接名词、代词或动词­ing形式，C、D两项分别是mistake的过去式和过去分词，排除；by mistake是固定短语，句意为“对不起，我错拿了你的书包”。

答案：A

6．⑤We should always try to solve them.我们应该总是尽力去解决它们。

solve v. 解决；解答

常作及物动词。

We have to solve the problem now.

现在我们必须解决这个问题。

solution n. 解决；解答，表示“……的解答”用the solution to...。

He is very clever and can give good solutions to people's problems.

他很聪明并能给出人们难题的解答方案。

【例题】Can you help me ______ the math problem？I can't give the right ______ it.

A．to solve；solution      B．solve；solution

C．to solve；solution to      D．solving；solution to

点拨：help后可接动词不定式，也可接省略to的不定式，故排除D项；表示“……的解答”用the solution to...。故C项正确。句意为“你能帮助我解决这道数学题吗？我不能给出它的正确解答”。

答案：C

7．⑥Students often forget that their parents have more experience than them，and are always there to help them.

学生们经常忘记了他们的父母经验比他们多，并总是在帮助他们。

本句是复合句，含有that引导的宾语从句。

experience n．经验；经历

experience 作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词；表示“做某事的经验”常用in doing sth.。

Experience is the best teacher.

经验是最好的老师。

He has much experience in doing this kind of work.

他有丰富的经验做这项工作。

experience 作“经历”讲时，是可数名词。[来源:学科网ZXXK]

He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Africa.

他在非洲旅行时有很多有趣的经历。

experience v．经历；体验

He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life.

他有生以来第一次经历了巨大的苦难。

【例1】He had ______ yesterday.He saw a UFO land in front of him.

A．an experience      B．a experience

C．experience       D．the experience

点拨：根据后半句句意“他看到一个飞碟落在他前面”可知“他有一次经历”。作“经历”讲时experience是可数名词，又因为其首音素是元音，故前用an。

答案：A

【例2】根据汉语意思完成下句

上周他经历了一次特别的经历。

Last week he ______ a special ______.

答案：experienced；experience

8．⑦In English，we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.

在英语中，我们说分享问题就如同把问题切成两半。

in half 分成两半，也可说 into halves。

Please cut the apple in half.＝please cut the apple into halves.

请把苹果切成两半。

【例题】Help me cut the cake into halves.(改为同义句)

Help me cut the cake ______ ______.

答案：in half

你言我语

本单元涉及谈论即将发生的事件的交际用语。

1．—What will happen if they have the party today?

如果他们今天举行聚会，将会发生什么？

—Half the class won't come.

一半的同学不会来。

本交际用语用来谈论某些情况产生的某些影响或结果。

2．I think I'm going to stay at home.

我认为我将待在家中。

本句话用来谈论将来的打算。又如：

I think I'll be a teacher in the future.

我认为将来我要当一名教师。

【例1】—What ______ if you don't go to school today?

—The teacher will be angry with me.

A．should happen      B．are you doing

C．will happen       D．do you do

【例2】 I'm going to______a basketball player when I grow up.

A．am　        B．are

C．be         D．being

写作指南

本单元的写作是描写假设情况的文章。写这样的文章时要注意：

1．正确使用好if引导的条件状语从句。在条件状语从句中，一般使用一般现在时表示将来，主句常用一般将来时。

2．使用生动的语言，把自己的观点、看法描述出来。让读者能感受到颜色、声音、气味等。

3．在描写的过程中，要运用恰当的过渡词语，使文章衔接自然。

你将来可能会有很多钱，请你以 If I have a lot of money，I will ...为题，写一篇短文，表述自己拥有财富后将如何帮助他人。

If I have a lot of money，I will ...

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

If I have a lot of money，I will ...

If I have a lot of money，I will buy what I need and do what I want，such as traveling around the world，studying abroad and buying my parents a big house.I hope my dream will come true.Of course，I will do something helpful to others.I will give away money to charities.I will help those kids who are too poor to go to school.In a word，if I have a lot of money，I can do a lot of wonderful things and make a contribution to our country.

点评：作者开篇点题，“如果我有很多钱，我就买我需要的，做我想做的”。进而列举了很多想做的事情。作者运用了许多连接词，如：such as，of course，in a word等，使文章过渡自然，脉络清晰。