中考英语总复习数词 优 质课件PPT
展开1、知道数词的分类及用法
1.分类:2.基数词用法:表示事物数量的多少。如:ne, tw, fur hundred, …3.序数词用法:表示事物排列先后的顺序(第几)如:first, secnd, twentieth, twenty-first. 在使用序数词时通常前面要加the;但如果序数词前出现不定冠词a、an时则表示“又一再一”
2、掌握基数词的形式及读法
(1)0-12为基数词,有其各自的形式,是构成数词的重要部分。如:seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve(2)13-19都以-teen结尾,单词中的两个音节都是重读音。如: thirteen,furteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen, nineteen(3)20-90十位数的整数都以-ty结尾;21-99在十位与各位之间加连字符号“-”。如:twenty-ne,seventy-six(4)三位数数词: 百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间用and连接,十位和个位间用“-” 连接。如:861 eight hundred and sixty-ne; 204 tw hundred and fur(5) 1,000以上的数字,从右往左数,三位一组,每三位数加一逗号“,”;第一个“,”号前为thusand(千), 第二个“,”号前为millin(百万),第三个“,”号前为billin(十亿) 。如:
6, 500, 431, 729
注意每三个数为一个单位,按照百、十、个向下读。
6,500,431,729
seven hundred and twenty-nine
six billin,
five hundred millin,
fur hundred and thirty-ne thusand,
ne tw three five eight nine twelve
first secnd third fifth eighth ninth twelfth
1st 2nd 3rd 5th 8th 9th 12th
twenty twenty-ne ne hundred tw hundred and thirty-nine
twentieth twenty-first ne hundredth tw hundred and thirty-ninth
基变序,有规律, 词尾加上th。123, 特殊记, 词尾字母t,d,d; 8去t, 9去e, f来把ve替;整十y换ie, 若是遇到几十几,只把个位变成序,各位牢记别忘记。
4、分数,小数,百分数
分数:由基数词和序数词合成。分子是1时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子不是1时,分子仍用基数词,分母用序数词的复数形式。如: 7/8 seven eighths。注意几个常见表达法:1/2 a (ne) half 1/4 ne-furth a (ne) quarter 3/4 three furths three quarters 半年 half a year 一年半 ne and a half years ne year and a half小数:小数点读pint,零读或zer,小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出。0.6 zer pint six百分数:百分数由基数词加percent表示。 不论基数词是多少,percent始终用原形。如:0.8%, 读作zer pint eight percent;17%读作seventeen percent
五、高频考点之一 ——hundred, thusand, millin,billin
这几个词前有确切数词时, 遵循“两个无”原则,即无 “s”,无“f”;如:three hundred peple ,nine millin bks 但是一定注意:如后面是表示总体的人或物,前面的数词是表示总体中的一部分时,要用f。如:seven hundred f the wrkers 这几个词前无确切数词时,则遵循“两个有”原则,即有 “s”和“f”。如: many thusands f trees, millins f birds
数词---就是表示事物的数量和顺序的词,分为基数词和序数词两种。
0 zer 1 ne 2 tw 3 three 4 fur 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve
20 twenty 30 thirty 40 frty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety
(3)20-90的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾。
表示“几十几”时, 个位和十位之间需加连词符, 如: twenty-ne, thirty-tw, frty-three.
hundred thusand millin
表示具体、准确的数目时, hundred, thusand, millin等词后不能加-s,如: five hundred, six thusand, seven millin 等。
hundreds thusands millins
当hundred, thusand等数词与f 连用, 表示不具体、不准确的数目时, 词尾须加-s。如: thusands f students, millins f trees.
Thusands and thusands f peple have visited the city.
若表示某一个数是某些特指人或东西中的一部分, hundred等后面可跟f。
tw hundred f the students 这些学生其中的二百个
比较: tw hundred students 二百个学生
ne student, ne f the students
a few后常接 hundred; many后常接hundreds f;several后常接hundred或hundreds f。
a few hundred men几百人 many hundreds f men几百人
1 = ne 1st = first 2 = tw 2nd = secnd 3 = three 3rd = third 4 = fur 4th = furth 5 = five 5th = fifth 6 = six 6th = sixth 7 = seven 7th = seventh 8 = eight 8th = eighth 9 = nine 9th = ninth 10 = ten 10th = tenth
11 = eleven 11th = eleventh 12 = twelve 12th = twelfth 13 = thirteen 13th = thirteenth 14 = furteen 14th =furteenth 15 = fifteen 15th = fifteenth 16 = sixteen 16th =sixteenth 17 = seventeen 17th = seventeenth 18 = eighteen 18th =eighteenth 19 = nineteen 19th =nineteenth 20 = twenty 20th = twentieth 21 = twenty-ne 21st = twenty-first 22 = twenty-tw 22nd = twenty-secnd
ne tw three fur five six seven eight nine ten
first secnd third furth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
eleven twelve thirteen furteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty
eleventh twelfth thirteenth furteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth
11th 12th13th14th15th16th17th18th19th20th
基变序,有规律,词尾加上th。123,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d。 8去t,9去e,f来把ve替。
twenty-ne twenty-tw twenty-three thirty frty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety hundred
twenty-first twenty-secnd twenty-third thirtieth frtieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth
21st 22nd 23rd 30th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th
整十y 变i, th前有小e来
基数词 序数词
注: 序数词前通常要加定冠词 the。
We’ll g ver it a secnd time. We’ve tried it three times. Must we try it a furth time?
The Secnd Wrld War brke ut in 1939.
注: 序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示“再—”, “又—”。(=anther)
ten past tw
half past three
twenty t five
a quarter past five
a quarter t seven
seven fifty
表示在几点钟用介词at
数词的表示法 — 时刻
the sixth (6th) century 公元六世纪 公元十八世纪 in the 1900’s 二十世纪 in the 1600’s 十七世纪
1. 世纪可以用 “the+序数词+ century”表示,也可以用 “the+百位进数加’s”表示
2. 年代用 “the+基数词表示的世纪+十位整数的复数形式表示的年代”构成。
在二十世纪三十年代 in the 1930s (in the nineteen thirties) 在十九世纪六十年代 in the 1860s (in the eighteen sixties)
“in ne’s + 整十位基数词的复数形式”, 表示“在某人几十几岁的时候”。
in ne’s frties在某人四十多岁时 My mther is in her fifties.
数词的表示法 — 年月日
n Octber the first, tw thusand and eight
月 (首字母大写)
月日与年之间用逗号分开
写作n August 9(th)
写作in May, 2010
有日用 n; 无日用in
在2008年10月1日写作n Octber 1(st), 2008
② 月日 在8月9日③ 月年 在2010年5月
在具体的某一天的早晨、上午、下午、晚上、夜里用介词n。
mrning, afternn, evening等词前用介词in: in the mrning / afternn / evening。但是, 当这些词前或后有定语时, in应改为n。
He was brn n the night f December 25th, 1992.
He suddenly came back n a rainy night.
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于1时,分母用复数(+s)。
基数词 序数词
数词的表示法 — 分数
百分数(…%)基数词+percent
eighty percent
half / (百)分数 + f + 可数名词复数 谓语动词用复数 half / (百)分数 + f + 不可数名词 谓语动词用单数
Three furths f the apples ____ bad.Three furths f the apple ____ bad.
tw and a half hurs= tw hurs and a half
ne and a half hurs= an hur and a half
数词的表示法——“……半”的表示法
tw and a half years= tw years and a half
ne and a half years= a year and a half
数词的表示法 —— “一两个”的表示法
“a / an + 单名 + r tw” 或 “ne r tw + 复名”。
Dn’t wrry. Yu’ll be all right in a day r tw. I can nly stay here fr ne r tw days. I can finish the wrk in a week r tw.
“一两个” 习惯上用
注意: a / an和ne不可调换。
数词的表示法 — 倍数的表达法
一倍nce, 两倍twice, 三倍three times (三倍或以上用基数词+times)
This bx is five times as big as that ne.=This bx is fur times bigger than that ne. Asia is fur times as large as Eurpe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(比欧洲大三倍。)
① A + be + 倍数 + as +原级(big, lng, wide,…) + as +B. A是B的 ……倍……。
② A + be + 倍数 + 比较级(bigger, higher, lnger, wider, …)+ than +B. A比B 大(长……) ……倍。
This rm is twice bigger than that ne.这个房间比那个(房间)大两倍。 This dictinary is fur times thicker than that bk.这本词典比那本书厚四倍。
数词的表示法—计量表达法(身高年龄长宽高厚深)
fur inches wide=fur inches in width 4英寸宽three feet high=three feet in height 3英尺高The city wall f Xi’an is 12 meters wide and 12 meters high. This bx is 2 kilgrams in weight.
1. 主语+be+基数词+单位词(meter, kilmeter, ft, inch, kilgram等)+ 形容词. (形容词tall, ld, lng, wide, high, thick, deep等) 2. 主语+ be+基数词+单位词 + in + 名词. (名词length, width, height, thickness, depth等)
Tm is a 10-year-ld by.
“基数词-名词(-形容词)”结构:
这个结构①只能放到名词前作定语; ②中间的名词只能用单数。
Tm is 10 years ld.
注意: 在be动词后用作表语时,不能用连词符,名词有复数。
特 殊 结 构
anther+数词+复数名词 (=数词+mre+复数名词)
anther或mre与数词结合,意为“另, 还”, 表示在原有数量的基础上又多出的数量。(表示数量附加的用法)
anther或mre与数词连用规则
(注意词序变化即anther和mre与数字搭配的位置: anther放在数字前, mre放在数字后。)
基数词也可以表示顺序:
Rm 207 Class One, Grade ThreeLessn One = the first lessn Page 5 = the fifth pageBus N. 3 = the N. 3 busN. 1 Middle Schl
207房间 三年级一班第一课 第五页3 路汽车第一中学
数词的表示法 — 编号
=the+序数词+名词
关键点提示:1.区别基数词和序数词以及基数词的用读法。2.年,日,时刻的表示法。3.hundred 等数词的特殊用法。
1. (2004年河北省中考试题) Nine _______ punds a week? That’s very gd. A. hundred f B. hundreds f C. hundreds D. hundred
3. f the students are hundred B.Three hundred f C.Three hundred D.Three hundreds f
2. (2012年苏州中考试题)The chairpersn received abut three applicatins t jin the Blind Watching Club.A. hundred B. hundreds f C.hundred f D.hundreds
五、高频考点之二 —— 基数词+名词(+形容词)
1.“基数词+名词” 的合成形容词作定语,中间有连字符“-”,当中的名词用单数。如: a seven-day hliday, a five-star htel, a 3-day trip, an 800-wrd cmpsitin2.“基数词+名词+形容词”,主要表计量,在名词前做定语时,名词用单数,词中间用连词符号 “-”;如:an 18-year-ld girl, wmen's 800metre race, an 80metrelng bridg 注意:在联系动词后作表语时,名词用复数,不用连词符。如:The classrm is 7 meters lng, 6 meters wide and 3 meters high.
1.(2011连云港中考试题)--Hw amazing the ndle is! --Yes,it is _______, and breaks the Guinness Wrld Rcrd as the lngest handmade ndle. A. 1704-meter-lng B. 1704-meters-lng C. 1704 meter lng D. 1704 meters lng
2. (2012江苏中考试题) He is nly by. He isn't ld enugh t take care f himself. A. a 8-year-ld B. a 8-years-ld C. an 8-year-ld D.an 8-years-ld
1.倍数:表示“一倍”nce;表示“两倍”twice;表示“三倍”或“三倍以上”的倍数用times。如: 三倍 three times; 常用句型:(1)... 数词+times+形容词(副词)比较级+than...如:The car runs twice faster than that truck.(2)...数词+ times+as+形容词或副词原级+as...如:The big bx is six times as heavy as the small ne.(3)...数词+ times+the+名词(size, height, weight, length, width)+f /从句.如:The earth is 49 times the size f the mn. This street is fur times the length f that ne.2. 分数:“分数(包括百分数)+名词”做主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词,名词为复数,动词用复数;名词为单数或者不可数名词,动词用单数。如:Tw thirds f the buildings are tallers than befre.
五、高频考点之三 ——倍数和分数
1.(2010兰州中考试题)I think ____ f the materials I listened t at the beginning f the exam ____ easy. A. three furths, is B. third fur, are C. three furths, are D. three furth, are
2.(2012杭州中考试题)We have tw ears and ne muth s that we listen we speak.A. as twice much as B. twice as much asC. as much as twice D. as much twice as
2.(2011青海中考试题) f the sand in that district cvered with trees and grass.A. Tw fifths, are B. Tw fifth are C. Tw fifth, is D. Tw fifths, is
五、高频考点之四 ——
1. 编号表示法:(1)编号在前,名词在后,用序数词,前面有the;(2)编号在后,名词在前,用基数词,注意首字母大写;(3)房间号码和电话号码要一个一个分别读。如:第一课 The First Lessn(句中不大写),Lessn One; Rm 305 2. “几十”的复数形式可以表示:(1)几十多岁 ---- in + ne’s + 数词复数(in his frties2)年 代--- in + the +数词复数in the nineties3.时刻表示法:(1)顺读法, (2)逆读法, (3)a quarter与half4.“每隔“的两种结构:(1)every+基数词+复数名词 (2)every + 序数词+单数名词。如:每隔三天(每四天)every fur days或 every furth day5.“anther+基数词+名词的复数”或者“基数词+mre+名词”表示在一定基础上再增加一定的数量。如:tw mre bys = anther tw bys。6. 基数词和序数词的基本用法
1.(2012铜仁中考试题)Abut f the students in Grade Nine were brn in the .A. three five;1996 B. three fifths;1990sC. three fifth;1997 D. third fifths;1990s
2.(2012自贡中考试题)---I hear yur friend is visiting Sanya again,Is it the secnd time fr him? ---Yes, and he will cme fr time next spring.A. a third B. a secnd C. the third
3.(2011达州中考试题)---If a=4,b=5,what's the answer t the questin "a+2ab+1=?"--- .A. Frty-fifth B.Frty-five C. Twenty-three D.One hundred and twenty-ne
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