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这是一份统考版2022届高考英语一轮复习选修6Unit16Stories课时提能练含解析北师大版20210218270学案，共14页。学案主要包含了语篇解读，干扰项分析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·深圳市普通高中统一测试)In the winter f 1664—65，the bitter cld fell n Lndn in the days befre 25 December.Abve the city，an unusually bright cmet(彗星) sht acrss the sky，exciting much predictin f a snwstrm.Outside the city wall，a wman's death was annunced and she died f a disease that was spreading in that area.Her huse was lcked up.
Fllwing that，the virus that had killed the wman wuld g n t kill nearly 100,000 peple living in and arund Lndn—almst a third f thse wh did nt flee.
In The Great Plague (瘟疫): The Stry f Lndn's Mst Deadly Year，histrian A．Llyd Mte and micrbilgist Drthy C．Mte prvide a deeply infrmed accunt f this plague year.Reading the bk，readers are taken frm the palaces f the city's wealthiest citizens t the pr areas where the vast majrity f Lndners were living，and t the surrunding cuntryside.The Mtes pint ut that，even at the height f the plague，the city did nt fall int chas.Dctrs and nurses remained in the city t care fr the sick；city fficials tried their best t fight the crisis with all the legal tls；and cmmerce cntinued even as businesses shut dwn.
T describe life and death in and arund Lndn，the authrs fcus n the experiences f nine individuals.Thrugh their letters and diaries，the Mtes ffer fresh descriptins f key issues in the histry f the Great Plague: hw different cmmunities understd and experienced the disease；hw medical and gvernment bdies reacted；hw well the scial rder held tgether；the ecnmic and mral dilemmas peple faced when debating whether t flee the city；and the nature f the material，scial，and spiritual resurces supprting thse wh remained.Based n humanity (人性)，the authrs ffer a masterful prtrait f a city and its inhabitants wh were attacked by and daringly resisted unimaginable hrrr.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了The Great Plague：The Stry f Lndn's Mst Deadly Year这本书的主要内容以及作者描述伦敦大瘟疫这个历史事件时所采用的写作方法。
1．What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A．A cmet always fllws a strm.
B．Lndn was under an appraching threat.
C．Lndn was prepared fr the disease.
D．The wman was the beginning f the disease.
B [推理判断题。 根据第一段第三句“Outside the city wall，a wman's death was annunced and she died f a disease that was spreading in that area”并结合语境可知，当时在伦敦市外，一种致命的疾病正在传播。由此可以推断出，伦敦正面临着一种即将到来的威胁，故选B。]
2．What d the Mtes say abut Lndn during the Great Plague?
A．The city remained rganized.
B．The plague spared the rich areas.
C．The peple tried a lt in vain.
D．The majrity fled and thus survived.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The Mtes pint ut that，even at the height f the plague，the city did nt fall int chas”可知，两位作者指出，即使在瘟疫高峰之时，伦敦市也没有陷入混乱。该段第四句又列举了这个城市保持井然有序的具体体现，故选A。]
3．Why d the Mtes fcus n the nine individuals?
A．They were famus peple in histry.
B．They all managed t survive the plague.
C．They prvided vivid stries f humanity.
D．They united by thinking and acting as ne.
C [推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Based n humanity(人性)，the authrs ffer a masterful prtrait f a city and its inhabitants wh were attacked by and daringly resisted unimaginable hrrr”可知，以人性为基础，作者巧妙地描绘了伦敦市的情况及其居民受到难以想象的恐惧的袭击并勇敢地抵抗这种恐惧的情况，结合该段第一句可推知，作者关注这九个人是因为这九个人提供了生动的人性故事，故选C。]
4．What's the purpse f this text?
A．T intrduce a new bk.
B．T crrect a misunderstanding.
C．T reprt a new study.
D．T shw respect fr the authrs.
A [写作目的题。文章第一和第二段描述了瘟疫爆发时的情景，由此引出了第三和第四段对The Great Plague：The Stry f Lndn's Mst Deadly Year这本书的介绍。由此可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一本新书，故选A。]
B
(2020·湖南省六校联考)One in five wmen and ne in eight men are becming mre tired and less prductive，accrding t a new Australian study n mbile phne use.
Led by the Queensland University f Technlgy in Australia，researchers surveyed 709 mbile phne users acrss the cuntry aged 18 t 83 and asked them a series f questins based n a similar study 13 years ag.Identifying a phenmenn “technference (科技干扰)”，researchers discvered a significant increase in peple blaming their devices fr “lsing sleep，becming less prductive and even getting mre aches and pains”．
Accrding t the study's lead authr Dr Oscar，the issue is s bad that 24 percent f wmen and 15 percent f men are nw cnsidered t be “prblematic mbile phne users”．“When we talk abut technference we're referring t the everyday intrusins (侵扰) and interruptins that peple experience due t mbile phnes and their usage，” he said.“Our survey fund technference had increased amng men and wmen.Fr example，reprts relating t the lss f sleep and prductivity shwed that these negative utcmes had significantly increased during the last 13 years.This finding suggests that mbile phnes are ptentially increasingly affecting aspects f daytime functining due t lack f sleep.”
Cmpared t a 2005 study，“technference” issues fr 18 t 24yearlds experienced a surprising 40.9 percent rise，while thse aged 25 t 29 als recrded a dramatic increase f 23.5 percent.
Oscar said that with the number f smartphne users arund the wrld expected t surpass 2.5 billin befre the end f this year，the prblem f “technference” culd get even wrse.“The speed and depth f smartphne takeup make ur ppulatin particularly vulnerable t sme f the negative cnsequences f high mbile phne use，” he said.“ Rapid technlgical innvatins have led t dramatic changes in tday's mbile phne technlgy，which can imprve the quality f life fr phne users but als result in sme negative utcmes.”
【语篇解读】 据澳大利亚一项关于使用手机的研究表明，智能手机让人更累、效率更低。
5．Hw are peple affected by technference accrding t the text?
A．It makes peple addicted t cmmunicating nline.
B．It pushes peple t wrk at a fast pace.
C．It causes peple t sleep less at night.
D．It brings negative utcmes t peple f all ages.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“blaming their devices fr ‘lsing and pains’”可知，科技干扰导致用户睡眠减少，故选C。]
6．Which grup are mst influenced by smartphnes?
A．Yung wmen. B．Yung men.
C．Children. D．Senirs.
A [细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段第一句中的“24 percent f wmen and 15 percent f men”可知，受手机影响的女士多于男士；又根据第四段的内容可知受手机影响的年轻人居多，把这两者联系起来可知，选项A正确。]
7．What des the underlined wrd “vulnerable” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．Widely spread.
B．Deeply devted.
C．Easily hurt.
D．Abslutely accustmed.
C [词义猜测题。根据上文可知，手机对用户的影响越来越大，联系画线词所在句中的“the negative cnsequences f high mbile phne use”可知，智能手机的普及速度和深度使人们尤其易于受到负面影响。故选C。]
8．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．The increasing side effects f smartphnes.
B．Ways t slve the technference prblem.
C．Smartphnes and peple's happiness.
D．The ppularity f smartphnes.
A [主旨大意题。根据文中的“mre tired and less prductive” “affecting aspects f daytime functining”“sme f the negative cnsequences f high mbile phne use”等，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文介绍了智能手机给人们带来的负面影响，故选A。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)I was cycling and nticed a persn，abut a quarter f a kilmeter in frnt f me.I culd tell he was cycling a little slwer than me and __1__t try t catch up with him.I had abut a kilmeter t g n the rad__2__ turning ff.
S I __3__cycling faster and faster and every __4__，I was gaining n him just a little bit.After just a few minutes I was nly abut 100 yards__5__him，s I really picked up the pace and ___6__myself.Yu wuld have__7__I was cycling in the last sectin f the Lndn Olympic triathln.
__8__ I caught up with him and passed by him.On the inside I felt s __9__.I beat him，f curse，but he didn't even knw we were __10__.
After I passed him，I __11__ that I had been s fcused n cmpeting against him that I had __12__ my turn.I had gne nearly six blcks past it and had t turn arund and g all the way back.
Isn't that what happens in life when we __13__cmpeting with cwrkers，neighbrs，and friends，trying t __14__ that we are mre successful r mre imprtant? We spend ur time and __15__ chasing after them and we miss ut n ur wn __16___ t ur future.
The __17__ f unhealthy cmpetitin is that it's a never ending __18__.And there will always be smebdy ahead f yu，smene with a __19___jb，mre mney and mre educatin，etc.
Therefre，just take what life has given yu，yur height，weight and persnality.Stay fcused and live a peaceful life.There's n __20__in life.Run yur wn race and wish thers well!
【语篇解读】 有一次骑自行车时，我注意到前方不远处也有人在骑车。为了超过前面的人，我加快了骑车速度，之后虽然赶上了他，却错过了自己的转弯处。人生也是如此，不要总是关注和同事、邻居、朋友之间的竞争，总会有人比你有更好的工作、更多的钱、接受更多的教育。走好自己的路，人生本没有“竞争”。
1．A.failedB．decided
C．agreed D．frgt
B [根据语境和下文的“I caught up with him”可知，我看到前面有一个骑自行车的人比我骑得慢，我决定追上他。]
2．A.befreB．after
C．unless D．when
A [根据下文“我”错过转弯处要原路返回可知，此处表示在转弯之前，我还要走大约一公里。]
3．A.stpped B．enjyed
C．started D．regretted
C [根据上文可知，我想赶上前面骑自行车的人，所以我开始越骑越快。]
4．A.way B．blck
C．step D．time
B [根据下文第四段尾句中的“six blcks”并结合常识可知，每经过一个街区，我都接近他一点。]
5．A.apart frm B．abve
C．ahead fD．behind
D [根据上文我渐渐接近他可知，几分钟后，我只距离他身后大约100码。]
6．A.cmfrtedB．prtected
C．pushed D．supprted
C [根据语境可知，几分钟后，我只落后他100码左右，所以我加快了速度，给自己加把劲。push neself意为“给某人加把劲”。]
7．A.thught B．remembered
C．dreamt D．hped
A [根据上文我追赶前面骑自行车的人的内容可知，此处表示你会以为我是在伦敦奥运会铁人三项赛的最后一段比赛中骑自行车。]
8．A.ApparentlyB．Surprisingly
C．Frtunately D．Finally
D [根据上文我努力加快骑车速度要赶上前面的人可知，此处表示我终于赶上并超过了他。]
9．A.calmB．lucky
C．astnished D．gd
D [根据上文可知，我终于赶上了他，据此可推知，我感觉很好。]
10．A.racing B．exercising
C．celebrating D．cycling
A [根据语境可知，我是暗中加快速度超过一个偶然遇到的人，所以此处表示他不知道我们在比赛。A项意为“比赛”，故A项正确。]
11．A.believed B．expected
C．realizedD．understd
C [根据语境和下文作者要原路返回可知，超过他后，我才意识到我太关注和他之间的竞赛，错过了拐弯的地方。]
12．A.escaped B．missed
C．madeD．lst
B [参见上题解析。]
13．A.wrry abut B．care fr
C．depend nD．fcus n
D [根据第四段第一句中的“fcused n”并结合语境可知，此处表示在生活中我们也是专注于与同事、邻居和朋友之间的竞争，试图证明我们更成功或更重要。]
14．A.prveB．declare
C．explain D．infrm
A [参见上题解析。]
15．A.tearsB．mney
C．energy D．pain
C [根据该句中的“ur time and”并结合常识可知，此处表示我们花费时间和精力追赶他人，而错过了自己的未来之路。]
16．A.pathsB．entrances
C．plansD．barriers
A [参见上题解析。]
17．A.task B．difficulty
C．prblemD．gal
C [根据该句中的“unhealthy cmpetitin”和空后一句可推知，不良竞争的问题在于那无穷尽的循环。]
18．A.mvement B．cycle
C．event D．rutine
B [参见上题解析。]
19．A.steadyB．suitable
C．tempraryD．better
D [根据该句中的“mre mney and mre educatin”可知，空处应为形容词比较级形式。此处表示总会有人在你的前面，他们有更好的工作、更多的钱、受过更多的教育等等。]
20．A.mistake B．cmpetitin
C．pressureD．challenge
B [根据空后一句可知，参加你自己的赛跑，同时祝福别人；又结合本文的主题“竞争”可知，此处表示生活中没有竞争。]
课时提能练(三十二)
选修6 Unit 16 Stries(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·贵阳市四校联考)In a jurnal a study published fund that an hurlng sak (浸泡) in ht water prduced similar bld sugar respnse as 60 minutes f mderate physical activity.
That sunds t gd t be true? While the study n these effects is still preliminary (初步的)，there is a plausible explanatin fr this.
“It seems that activities that increase heatshck prteins may help t imprve bld sugar cntrl and ffer an alternative t exercise，” the study's lead authr Steve Faulkner wrte.These activities，such as saking in a ht tub r taking a sauna，may have healthy benefits fr peple wh are unable t exercise regularly.
A team frm the UK's Natinal Centre fr Sprt & Exercise Medicine examined 14 lean and verweight men and analyzed their metablic health.The participants were either assigned t an hurlng sessin f cycling r an hurlng sessin in a ht bath.
The scientists discvered that bth grups were better able t cntrl their bld sugar levels in the 24 hurs fllwing the activities and the participants in the bath perhaps were even better ff: Their peak bld sugar levels after eating fllwing their sak were apprximately 10 percent lwer than the peak bld sugar levels f thse wh exercised.
Researchers say this implies that“passive heating”(a means f raising yur bdy temperature) culd assist in lwering bld sugar levels.Passive heating can affect prteins in the bdy called heatshck prteins，which help regulate bld sugar.Peple with type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) tend t have lwer levels f heatshck prteins.Passive heating can raise these levels.
It's critical t pint ut a few limitatins f the study.Fr starters，the experiment nly included men，s it's difficult t say if the same effect wuld happen in wmen.It als nly included 14 vlunteers，which is an extremely small sample size.Mre research needs t be cnducted befre scientists can cme t any fficial cnclusin.And，f curse，yu shuld still cntinue t exercise regularly.
That being said，the study des ffer sme mre prmising insight int the healing effects f ht water.
【语篇解读】 研究发现，在热水中浸泡一小时产生的血糖反应与进行60分钟中等强度的运动产生的反应相似。
1．What des the underlined wrd “plausible” in Para.2 refer t?
A．Strange.B．Reasnable.
C．Absurd.D．Cntrversial.
B [词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“It seems that activities that increase heatshck prteins may help t imprve bld sugar cntrl and ffer an alternative t exercise”可知，此处是对第二段中的“these effects”的解释，又结合语境可推知，画线词所在句表示尽管对这些影响的研究仍处于初级阶段，但有一个合理的解释来说明这个问题。故选B。]
2．Which f the fllwing is right abut the research by the UK's team?
A．Cycling made n difference t the participants' bld sugar levels.
B．The participants' bld sugar levels peaked after saking during the research.
C．14 lean and 14 verweight men were invlved in the research.
D．The 24hur tracking was carried ut after the nehur activities.
D [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“bth grups were better able t cntrl their bld sugar levels in the 24 hurs fllwing the activities”可知，两组实验对象在进行相应的1小时的活动后，都被跟踪调查了24小时。故选D。]
3．Hw shuld scientists imprve this study?
A．By extending the study perid.
B．By changing the research methd.
C．By increasing the number f the subjects investigated.
D．By including mre scientists in the research.
C [推理判断题。 根据第七段中的“Fr starters，the experiment nly included als nly included 14 vlunteers，which is an extremely small sample size”可知，该实验的主要局限性是实验对象的人数太少，且覆盖面不全，由此可推知，可以通过增加实验对象的数量来改善该研究。故选C。]
4．Which f the fllwing best expresses the authr's main pint f view?
A．When yu catch a fever yu get “passive heating”．
B．Yu need either a ht bath r regular exercise t keep healthy.
C．It is a study f significance in spite f sme imperfectins.
D．Passive heating can raise levels f heatshck prteins.
C [推理判断题。纵观全文，本文主要介绍了一项研究的过程、发现及作者对其的评价。根据第二段的内容和第八段“That being said，the study des ffer sme mre prmising insight int the healing effects f ht water”可推知，作者认为尽管该研究仍有一些缺点，但还是非常有意义的。故选C。]
B
(2020·洛阳市尖子生第一次联考)BOXTEL，Netherlands—chickens ram the rchards，cws chew the cud and pigs rll in the mud n a warm day n a Dutch farm—but the pastral (乡村生活的)scene is nt as traditinal as it seems.
The farm is wned and run by a cperative f hundreds f lcal cnsumers and aims t change habits in a lwlying cuntry engaged in an existential fight against climate change.Nearly 200 families decide what the farm will prduce and emply a farmer t tend t the animals fr meat and eggs and grw the dzen kinds f fruits and vegetables.
“The main aim f the members is t eat natural prducts，prduced near where they live，in a mre sustainable way，” said Duwe Krting，cleader f the Bxtel cperative，in the suthern Netherlands.“ Peple are really starting t see that a change tward a different way f eating is essential，” he added.
It csts 2,000 eurs t jin the cllective farm，which is 10 minutes by bicycle frm the twn，and then a weekly fee f arund 10 eurs per persn.
In return，members receive the fd they want and stress the imprtance f knwing what they eat is lcal and seasnal.
The cperative is knwn as Herenbderderij r Peple's Farming and the guiding principle is that everything centers n the needs and riches f nature，even while they are using new technlgies.Sn a rbt will be used t sense when the fruit is ripe，as well as a drne (无人飞机) that will survey the fields t supprt the farmer and reduce the needs fr manpwer.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了一种新型农场，该农场的创立是为了改变人们的饮食习惯，使人们以一种更加可持续发展的方式生活。
5．Why did the families start the farm?
A．T reduce the cst f fd.
B．T imprve their eating habits.
C．T replace the ld traditin.
D．T prvide mre chances f exercise.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“The t change habits”和第三段第一句中的“The main aim f the members is t eat natural prducts”可知，这些家庭创建这个农场是为了改进饮食习惯，故选B。]
6．What will the emplyed farmer d?
A．Decide what t prduce.
B．Wrk n the farm with high pay.
C．Own and perate the farm in a mre effective way.
D．Feed the animals and grw fruits and vegetables.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“emply a farmer t tend t the animals fr meat and eggs and grw the dzen kinds f fruits and vegetables”可知，雇用的这个农民要照顾动物，并且种植水果和蔬菜，故选D。]
7．What d the farm wners expect f the farm?
A．It'll prvide natural prducts.
B．It'll be cntrlled nly by new technlgies.
C．It'll cst everyne abut 10 eurs each mnth.
D．It'll encurage peple t lve nature.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The main aim f the members is t eat natural prducts”和倒数第二段的内容可知，农场成员希望这个农场能提供天然的产品，故选A。]
【干扰项分析】 根据文章尾句，尤其是其中的“supprt the farmer and reduce the needs fr manpwer”可知，农场不是仅由新科技控制，它也需要人力。故B项错误。
8．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A diary. B．A guidebk.
C．A nvel. D．A newspaper.
D [文章出处题。根据文章开头的“BOXTEL，Netherlands”可知，本文应是出自新闻报道，且根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型农场，与社会生活密切相关，故选D项。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2020·湖北八校第一次联考)
BE A GOOD TOURIST
Turism can be bth gd and bad.Yes，it brings in mney fr the lcal ecnmy and creates lts f jbs fr the lcals，but it may als bring sme prblems.
__1__Turists have used rcks r even keys t write n the Luxr Temple in Egypt，the Clsseum in Rme，the Stnehenge in the UK，and many，many ther places.Thusands f turist sites are being destryed by turists wh “lve them t death”．__2___ If yu want t leave a mark n the wrld，d it by changing smene's life with kindness and lve.Pass kindness dwn t future generatins，nt destructin.
Anther big prblem in sme places is that turists disturb the lcal peple.__3___ Fr example，there are a number f turists in Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Ynsei University in Suth Krea，visiting the campuses and walking thrugh the libraries and ther public areas，taking pictures f students and disturbing their studies.I have three wrds fr turists like these：please be cnsiderate.__4__
The prblems caused by turists are endless：walking in large grups withut cnsidering thers wh need t walk by，crssing rads withut bserving lcal traffic laws，and many mre.The nly way t slve the prblems caused by turists is t make sure that yu are nt ne causing prblems! __5__Remember，whenever yu step utside yur cuntry's brder，yu are representing yur cuntry t the rest f the wrld.
A．Just think frm ther aspects.
B．When in Rme，d as the Rmans d.
C．Have fun in a way that des nt disturb thers.
D．Try t be the best，kindest and mst plite turist.
E．I have three wrds fr peple like these：please stp it.
F．One grwing prblem is that turists want t prve that they have visited smeplace.
G．Sme turists wander arund and take pictures f lcal peple withut asking fr their permissin.
【语篇解读】 旅游业给当地带来了经济效益，给当地人提供了很多的工作机会，但也可能带来一些问题。文章通过分析游客给旅游地及当地人带来的问题告诉人们，要做一个友善、礼貌的游客。
1．F [根据第二段第二句“Turists have used rcks r even keys t write ther places”可知，这里描述的是游客在旅游地随意写字的现象；根据第三段第一句中的“Anther big prblem”可知，空处需要提到“prblem”或者与之相近的词。由此可知，F项符合语境。]
2．E [根据空后两句表述的内容可知，空处应是作者针对该段表述的游客在旅游地随意写字的问题提出的建议。通过分析文章结构和句子与句子之间的关系可知，该空所填的内容及其作用和结构需与下文中的“I have three wrds fr turists like these：please be cnsiderate”相似，故选E项。]
3．G [根据本段第一句可知，本段讲的是游客带来的另一个问题，即打扰当地人；G项表述的“一些游客闲逛，且未经当地人的许可就给他们拍照片”也是游客打扰当地人的一种表现。故选G。]
4．C [根据空前一句中的“please be cnsiderate” (请体贴一些)可知，针对游客打扰当地人这一问题，作者建议游客要对当地人体贴一些；由此可知，C项“以一种不打扰他人的方式尽情地玩”符合语境。故选C项。]
5．D [根据空前一句表述的“解决游客造成的问题的唯一方法就是确保你不是制造问题的游客之一”可知，作者认为要解决这一问题，游客首先要严于律己；D项“尽力成为最好、最善良、最有礼貌的游客”正是游客严于律己的表现。故选D项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·西安五校联考)Nwadays，it seems that many peple are increasingly inclined t eat a plantbased diet and leave ut animal 1.________ (prduct)．Fr meat lvers，a new study has fund a link 2.________ hw much meat a persn eats and an increased risk f premature death.
Accrding t research 3.________ (publish)in the American Jurnal f Clinical Nutritin，peple wh ate mre red meat r prcessed meat in their diet had a 4.________ (high)chance f dying frm a lnglasting disease.The new research lked at data frm the Kupi Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factr Study，5.________ nging study that's tracking risk factrs fr cardivascular(心血管的)disease amng middleaged men frm eastern Finland.The study ppulatin 6.________(make)up f 2,641 Finnish men between the ages f 42 and 60 when the study began between 1984 and 1989.
Researchers fllwed up the cnditin f the men after 20 years—1,225 f them had died.Thse 7._______ ate seven unces r mre f red r prcessed meat daily—r gt the 8.________(majr)f their prtein frm meat—had a 23 percent higher risk f premature death，accrding t Science Daily.This isn't 9.________ (actual)the first strike against red r prcessed meat：Red r prcessed meat can increase yur chances f 10.________(get)this disease.
【语篇解读】 一项新的研究表明，吃较多红肉或加工过的肉类的人过早死亡的风险较高。
1．prducts [考查名词的单复数。此处表示“动物制品”，包括很多种类，表示复数概念，prduct应为可数名词，故用其复数形式。]
2．between [考查介词。根据语境并结合空前的link以及该句中的and可知，此处表示一个人吃肉的多少与过早死亡的风险增加之间的联系，此处应是考查“”固定搭配，故填between。]
3．published [考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，空处与research为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。]
4．higher [考查形容词的比较级。根据本句中的“wh ate mre red meat r prcessed meat”以及“chance f dying frm a lnglasting disease”和语境可知，此处表示比较的含义，需用形容词的比较级形式。]
5．an [考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，“________ nging study”作同位语，解释说明“the Kupi Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factr Study”，表示“一项持续的研究”，应用不定冠词修饰，而且nging的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]
6．was made [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；根据句中的“between 1984 and 1989”可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语The study ppulatin表示单数概念，故填was made。]
7．wh/that [考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Thse，指人，故用wh或that引导该定语从句。]
8．majrity [考查词性转换。该空前有the，后有介词f，且此处表示“大部分”，因此需用名词majrity。]
9．actually [考查副词。此处修饰be动词，需用副词形式。]
10．getting [考查动名词。f是介词，因此此处应用动名词形式作宾语。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·江西省五校协作体上学期考试试题)High schl is very imprtant in ne's lifetime.Nwadays，the mvies abut the high schl time are s ppular，and the stries are verstated.My high schl life is s different f thse in the mvies.In the past tw years，study ccupied mst f my time.I fught fr the future with my classmates.We studied hardly and shared ur pinin abut the difficult pints tgether.When I made a great prgress，I was s happy，but when I fell behind，I wuld nt give up.I grew up and became patience.I was nt a little girl anymre.In the spare time，I wuld g t play basketball with my friends，that became the mst excited thing at that time.Thugh the high schl life was simple，I gained a lt.I wuld never frget the classmates wh studied with them tgether.
[答案]
High schl is very imprtant in ne's lifetime.Nwadays，the mvies abut the high schl time are s ppular，eq \f(and,but) the stries are verstated.My high schl life is s different eq \f(f,frm) thse in the mvies.In the past tw years，study eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(has)) ccupied mst f my time.I fught fr the future with my classmates.We studied eq \f(hardly,hard) and shared ur eq \f(pinin,pinins) abut the difficult pints tgether.When I made eq \(a,＼) great prgress，I was s happy，but when I fell behind，I wuld nt give up.I grew up and became eq \f(patience,patient).I was nt a little girl anymre.In the spare time，I wuld g t play basketball with my friends，eq \f(that,which) became the mst eq \f(excited,exciting) thing at that time. Thugh the high schl life was simple，I gained a lt.I wuld never frget the classmates wh studied with eq \f(them,me) tgether.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·深圳市普通高中统一测试)In the winter f 1664—65，the bitter cld fell n Lndn in the days befre 25 December.Abve the city，an unusually bright cmet(彗星) sht acrss the sky，exciting much predictin f a snwstrm.Outside the city wall，a wman's death was annunced and she died f a disease that was spreading in that area.Her huse was lcked up.
Fllwing that，the virus that had killed the wman wuld g n t kill nearly 100,000 peple living in and arund Lndn—almst a third f thse wh did nt flee.
In The Great Plague (瘟疫): The Stry f Lndn's Mst Deadly Year，histrian A．Llyd Mte and micrbilgist Drthy C．Mte prvide a deeply infrmed accunt f this plague year.Reading the bk，readers are taken frm the palaces f the city's wealthiest citizens t the pr areas where the vast majrity f Lndners were living，and t the surrunding cuntryside.The Mtes pint ut that，even at the height f the plague，the city did nt fall int chas.Dctrs and nurses remained in the city t care fr the sick；city fficials tried their best t fight the crisis with all the legal tls；and cmmerce cntinued even as businesses shut dwn.
T describe life and death in and arund Lndn，the authrs fcus n the experiences f nine individuals.Thrugh their letters and diaries，the Mtes ffer fresh descriptins f key issues in the histry f the Great Plague: hw different cmmunities understd and experienced the disease；hw medical and gvernment bdies reacted；hw well the scial rder held tgether；the ecnmic and mral dilemmas peple faced when debating whether t flee the city；and the nature f the material，scial，and spiritual resurces supprting thse wh remained.Based n humanity (人性)，the authrs ffer a masterful prtrait f a city and its inhabitants wh were attacked by and daringly resisted unimaginable hrrr.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了The Great Plague：The Stry f Lndn's Mst Deadly Year这本书的主要内容以及作者描述伦敦大瘟疫这个历史事件时所采用的写作方法。
1．What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A．A cmet always fllws a strm.
B．Lndn was under an appraching threat.
C．Lndn was prepared fr the disease.
D．The wman was the beginning f the disease.
B [推理判断题。 根据第一段第三句“Outside the city wall，a wman's death was annunced and she died f a disease that was spreading in that area”并结合语境可知，当时在伦敦市外，一种致命的疾病正在传播。由此可以推断出，伦敦正面临着一种即将到来的威胁，故选B。]
2．What d the Mtes say abut Lndn during the Great Plague?
A．The city remained rganized.
B．The plague spared the rich areas.
C．The peple tried a lt in vain.
D．The majrity fled and thus survived.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The Mtes pint ut that，even at the height f the plague，the city did nt fall int chas”可知，两位作者指出，即使在瘟疫高峰之时，伦敦市也没有陷入混乱。该段第四句又列举了这个城市保持井然有序的具体体现，故选A。]
3．Why d the Mtes fcus n the nine individuals?
A．They were famus peple in histry.
B．They all managed t survive the plague.
C．They prvided vivid stries f humanity.
D．They united by thinking and acting as ne.
C [推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Based n humanity(人性)，the authrs ffer a masterful prtrait f a city and its inhabitants wh were attacked by and daringly resisted unimaginable hrrr”可知，以人性为基础，作者巧妙地描绘了伦敦市的情况及其居民受到难以想象的恐惧的袭击并勇敢地抵抗这种恐惧的情况，结合该段第一句可推知，作者关注这九个人是因为这九个人提供了生动的人性故事，故选C。]
4．What's the purpse f this text?
A．T intrduce a new bk.
B．T crrect a misunderstanding.
C．T reprt a new study.
D．T shw respect fr the authrs.
A [写作目的题。文章第一和第二段描述了瘟疫爆发时的情景，由此引出了第三和第四段对The Great Plague：The Stry f Lndn's Mst Deadly Year这本书的介绍。由此可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一本新书，故选A。]
B
(2020·湖南省六校联考)One in five wmen and ne in eight men are becming mre tired and less prductive，accrding t a new Australian study n mbile phne use.
Led by the Queensland University f Technlgy in Australia，researchers surveyed 709 mbile phne users acrss the cuntry aged 18 t 83 and asked them a series f questins based n a similar study 13 years ag.Identifying a phenmenn “technference (科技干扰)”，researchers discvered a significant increase in peple blaming their devices fr “lsing sleep，becming less prductive and even getting mre aches and pains”．
Accrding t the study's lead authr Dr Oscar，the issue is s bad that 24 percent f wmen and 15 percent f men are nw cnsidered t be “prblematic mbile phne users”．“When we talk abut technference we're referring t the everyday intrusins (侵扰) and interruptins that peple experience due t mbile phnes and their usage，” he said.“Our survey fund technference had increased amng men and wmen.Fr example，reprts relating t the lss f sleep and prductivity shwed that these negative utcmes had significantly increased during the last 13 years.This finding suggests that mbile phnes are ptentially increasingly affecting aspects f daytime functining due t lack f sleep.”
Cmpared t a 2005 study，“technference” issues fr 18 t 24yearlds experienced a surprising 40.9 percent rise，while thse aged 25 t 29 als recrded a dramatic increase f 23.5 percent.
Oscar said that with the number f smartphne users arund the wrld expected t surpass 2.5 billin befre the end f this year，the prblem f “technference” culd get even wrse.“The speed and depth f smartphne takeup make ur ppulatin particularly vulnerable t sme f the negative cnsequences f high mbile phne use，” he said.“ Rapid technlgical innvatins have led t dramatic changes in tday's mbile phne technlgy，which can imprve the quality f life fr phne users but als result in sme negative utcmes.”
【语篇解读】 据澳大利亚一项关于使用手机的研究表明，智能手机让人更累、效率更低。
5．Hw are peple affected by technference accrding t the text?
A．It makes peple addicted t cmmunicating nline.
B．It pushes peple t wrk at a fast pace.
C．It causes peple t sleep less at night.
D．It brings negative utcmes t peple f all ages.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“blaming their devices fr ‘lsing and pains’”可知，科技干扰导致用户睡眠减少，故选C。]
6．Which grup are mst influenced by smartphnes?
A．Yung wmen. B．Yung men.
C．Children. D．Senirs.
A [细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段第一句中的“24 percent f wmen and 15 percent f men”可知，受手机影响的女士多于男士；又根据第四段的内容可知受手机影响的年轻人居多，把这两者联系起来可知，选项A正确。]
7．What des the underlined wrd “vulnerable” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．Widely spread.
B．Deeply devted.
C．Easily hurt.
D．Abslutely accustmed.
C [词义猜测题。根据上文可知，手机对用户的影响越来越大，联系画线词所在句中的“the negative cnsequences f high mbile phne use”可知，智能手机的普及速度和深度使人们尤其易于受到负面影响。故选C。]
8．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A．The increasing side effects f smartphnes.
B．Ways t slve the technference prblem.
C．Smartphnes and peple's happiness.
D．The ppularity f smartphnes.
A [主旨大意题。根据文中的“mre tired and less prductive” “affecting aspects f daytime functining”“sme f the negative cnsequences f high mbile phne use”等，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文介绍了智能手机给人们带来的负面影响，故选A。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)I was cycling and nticed a persn，abut a quarter f a kilmeter in frnt f me.I culd tell he was cycling a little slwer than me and __1__t try t catch up with him.I had abut a kilmeter t g n the rad__2__ turning ff.
S I __3__cycling faster and faster and every __4__，I was gaining n him just a little bit.After just a few minutes I was nly abut 100 yards__5__him，s I really picked up the pace and ___6__myself.Yu wuld have__7__I was cycling in the last sectin f the Lndn Olympic triathln.
__8__ I caught up with him and passed by him.On the inside I felt s __9__.I beat him，f curse，but he didn't even knw we were __10__.
After I passed him，I __11__ that I had been s fcused n cmpeting against him that I had __12__ my turn.I had gne nearly six blcks past it and had t turn arund and g all the way back.
Isn't that what happens in life when we __13__cmpeting with cwrkers，neighbrs，and friends，trying t __14__ that we are mre successful r mre imprtant? We spend ur time and __15__ chasing after them and we miss ut n ur wn __16___ t ur future.
The __17__ f unhealthy cmpetitin is that it's a never ending __18__.And there will always be smebdy ahead f yu，smene with a __19___jb，mre mney and mre educatin，etc.
Therefre，just take what life has given yu，yur height，weight and persnality.Stay fcused and live a peaceful life.There's n __20__in life.Run yur wn race and wish thers well!
【语篇解读】 有一次骑自行车时，我注意到前方不远处也有人在骑车。为了超过前面的人，我加快了骑车速度，之后虽然赶上了他，却错过了自己的转弯处。人生也是如此，不要总是关注和同事、邻居、朋友之间的竞争，总会有人比你有更好的工作、更多的钱、接受更多的教育。走好自己的路，人生本没有“竞争”。
1．A.failedB．decided
C．agreed D．frgt
B [根据语境和下文的“I caught up with him”可知，我看到前面有一个骑自行车的人比我骑得慢，我决定追上他。]
2．A.befreB．after
C．unless D．when
A [根据下文“我”错过转弯处要原路返回可知，此处表示在转弯之前，我还要走大约一公里。]
3．A.stpped B．enjyed
C．started D．regretted
C [根据上文可知，我想赶上前面骑自行车的人，所以我开始越骑越快。]
4．A.way B．blck
C．step D．time
B [根据下文第四段尾句中的“six blcks”并结合常识可知，每经过一个街区，我都接近他一点。]
5．A.apart frm B．abve
C．ahead fD．behind
D [根据上文我渐渐接近他可知，几分钟后，我只距离他身后大约100码。]
6．A.cmfrtedB．prtected
C．pushed D．supprted
C [根据语境可知，几分钟后，我只落后他100码左右，所以我加快了速度，给自己加把劲。push neself意为“给某人加把劲”。]
7．A.thught B．remembered
C．dreamt D．hped
A [根据上文我追赶前面骑自行车的人的内容可知，此处表示你会以为我是在伦敦奥运会铁人三项赛的最后一段比赛中骑自行车。]
8．A.ApparentlyB．Surprisingly
C．Frtunately D．Finally
D [根据上文我努力加快骑车速度要赶上前面的人可知，此处表示我终于赶上并超过了他。]
9．A.calmB．lucky
C．astnished D．gd
D [根据上文可知，我终于赶上了他，据此可推知，我感觉很好。]
10．A.racing B．exercising
C．celebrating D．cycling
A [根据语境可知，我是暗中加快速度超过一个偶然遇到的人，所以此处表示他不知道我们在比赛。A项意为“比赛”，故A项正确。]
11．A.believed B．expected
C．realizedD．understd
C [根据语境和下文作者要原路返回可知，超过他后，我才意识到我太关注和他之间的竞赛，错过了拐弯的地方。]
12．A.escaped B．missed
C．madeD．lst
B [参见上题解析。]
13．A.wrry abut B．care fr
C．depend nD．fcus n
D [根据第四段第一句中的“fcused n”并结合语境可知，此处表示在生活中我们也是专注于与同事、邻居和朋友之间的竞争，试图证明我们更成功或更重要。]
14．A.prveB．declare
C．explain D．infrm
A [参见上题解析。]
15．A.tearsB．mney
C．energy D．pain
C [根据该句中的“ur time and”并结合常识可知，此处表示我们花费时间和精力追赶他人，而错过了自己的未来之路。]
16．A.pathsB．entrances
C．plansD．barriers
A [参见上题解析。]
17．A.task B．difficulty
C．prblemD．gal
C [根据该句中的“unhealthy cmpetitin”和空后一句可推知，不良竞争的问题在于那无穷尽的循环。]
18．A.mvement B．cycle
C．event D．rutine
B [参见上题解析。]
19．A.steadyB．suitable
C．tempraryD．better
D [根据该句中的“mre mney and mre educatin”可知，空处应为形容词比较级形式。此处表示总会有人在你的前面，他们有更好的工作、更多的钱、受过更多的教育等等。]
20．A.mistake B．cmpetitin
C．pressureD．challenge
B [根据空后一句可知，参加你自己的赛跑，同时祝福别人；又结合本文的主题“竞争”可知，此处表示生活中没有竞争。]
课时提能练(三十二)
选修6 Unit 16 Stries(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·贵阳市四校联考)In a jurnal a study published fund that an hurlng sak (浸泡) in ht water prduced similar bld sugar respnse as 60 minutes f mderate physical activity.
That sunds t gd t be true? While the study n these effects is still preliminary (初步的)，there is a plausible explanatin fr this.
“It seems that activities that increase heatshck prteins may help t imprve bld sugar cntrl and ffer an alternative t exercise，” the study's lead authr Steve Faulkner wrte.These activities，such as saking in a ht tub r taking a sauna，may have healthy benefits fr peple wh are unable t exercise regularly.
A team frm the UK's Natinal Centre fr Sprt & Exercise Medicine examined 14 lean and verweight men and analyzed their metablic health.The participants were either assigned t an hurlng sessin f cycling r an hurlng sessin in a ht bath.
The scientists discvered that bth grups were better able t cntrl their bld sugar levels in the 24 hurs fllwing the activities and the participants in the bath perhaps were even better ff: Their peak bld sugar levels after eating fllwing their sak were apprximately 10 percent lwer than the peak bld sugar levels f thse wh exercised.
Researchers say this implies that“passive heating”(a means f raising yur bdy temperature) culd assist in lwering bld sugar levels.Passive heating can affect prteins in the bdy called heatshck prteins，which help regulate bld sugar.Peple with type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) tend t have lwer levels f heatshck prteins.Passive heating can raise these levels.
It's critical t pint ut a few limitatins f the study.Fr starters，the experiment nly included men，s it's difficult t say if the same effect wuld happen in wmen.It als nly included 14 vlunteers，which is an extremely small sample size.Mre research needs t be cnducted befre scientists can cme t any fficial cnclusin.And，f curse，yu shuld still cntinue t exercise regularly.
That being said，the study des ffer sme mre prmising insight int the healing effects f ht water.
【语篇解读】 研究发现，在热水中浸泡一小时产生的血糖反应与进行60分钟中等强度的运动产生的反应相似。
1．What des the underlined wrd “plausible” in Para.2 refer t?
A．Strange.B．Reasnable.
C．Absurd.D．Cntrversial.
B [词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“It seems that activities that increase heatshck prteins may help t imprve bld sugar cntrl and ffer an alternative t exercise”可知，此处是对第二段中的“these effects”的解释，又结合语境可推知，画线词所在句表示尽管对这些影响的研究仍处于初级阶段，但有一个合理的解释来说明这个问题。故选B。]
2．Which f the fllwing is right abut the research by the UK's team?
A．Cycling made n difference t the participants' bld sugar levels.
B．The participants' bld sugar levels peaked after saking during the research.
C．14 lean and 14 verweight men were invlved in the research.
D．The 24hur tracking was carried ut after the nehur activities.
D [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“bth grups were better able t cntrl their bld sugar levels in the 24 hurs fllwing the activities”可知，两组实验对象在进行相应的1小时的活动后，都被跟踪调查了24小时。故选D。]
3．Hw shuld scientists imprve this study?
A．By extending the study perid.
B．By changing the research methd.
C．By increasing the number f the subjects investigated.
D．By including mre scientists in the research.
C [推理判断题。 根据第七段中的“Fr starters，the experiment nly included als nly included 14 vlunteers，which is an extremely small sample size”可知，该实验的主要局限性是实验对象的人数太少，且覆盖面不全，由此可推知，可以通过增加实验对象的数量来改善该研究。故选C。]
4．Which f the fllwing best expresses the authr's main pint f view?
A．When yu catch a fever yu get “passive heating”．
B．Yu need either a ht bath r regular exercise t keep healthy.
C．It is a study f significance in spite f sme imperfectins.
D．Passive heating can raise levels f heatshck prteins.
C [推理判断题。纵观全文，本文主要介绍了一项研究的过程、发现及作者对其的评价。根据第二段的内容和第八段“That being said，the study des ffer sme mre prmising insight int the healing effects f ht water”可推知，作者认为尽管该研究仍有一些缺点，但还是非常有意义的。故选C。]
B
(2020·洛阳市尖子生第一次联考)BOXTEL，Netherlands—chickens ram the rchards，cws chew the cud and pigs rll in the mud n a warm day n a Dutch farm—but the pastral (乡村生活的)scene is nt as traditinal as it seems.
The farm is wned and run by a cperative f hundreds f lcal cnsumers and aims t change habits in a lwlying cuntry engaged in an existential fight against climate change.Nearly 200 families decide what the farm will prduce and emply a farmer t tend t the animals fr meat and eggs and grw the dzen kinds f fruits and vegetables.
“The main aim f the members is t eat natural prducts，prduced near where they live，in a mre sustainable way，” said Duwe Krting，cleader f the Bxtel cperative，in the suthern Netherlands.“ Peple are really starting t see that a change tward a different way f eating is essential，” he added.
It csts 2,000 eurs t jin the cllective farm，which is 10 minutes by bicycle frm the twn，and then a weekly fee f arund 10 eurs per persn.
In return，members receive the fd they want and stress the imprtance f knwing what they eat is lcal and seasnal.
The cperative is knwn as Herenbderderij r Peple's Farming and the guiding principle is that everything centers n the needs and riches f nature，even while they are using new technlgies.Sn a rbt will be used t sense when the fruit is ripe，as well as a drne (无人飞机) that will survey the fields t supprt the farmer and reduce the needs fr manpwer.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了一种新型农场，该农场的创立是为了改变人们的饮食习惯，使人们以一种更加可持续发展的方式生活。
5．Why did the families start the farm?
A．T reduce the cst f fd.
B．T imprve their eating habits.
C．T replace the ld traditin.
D．T prvide mre chances f exercise.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“The t change habits”和第三段第一句中的“The main aim f the members is t eat natural prducts”可知，这些家庭创建这个农场是为了改进饮食习惯，故选B。]
6．What will the emplyed farmer d?
A．Decide what t prduce.
B．Wrk n the farm with high pay.
C．Own and perate the farm in a mre effective way.
D．Feed the animals and grw fruits and vegetables.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“emply a farmer t tend t the animals fr meat and eggs and grw the dzen kinds f fruits and vegetables”可知，雇用的这个农民要照顾动物，并且种植水果和蔬菜，故选D。]
7．What d the farm wners expect f the farm?
A．It'll prvide natural prducts.
B．It'll be cntrlled nly by new technlgies.
C．It'll cst everyne abut 10 eurs each mnth.
D．It'll encurage peple t lve nature.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The main aim f the members is t eat natural prducts”和倒数第二段的内容可知，农场成员希望这个农场能提供天然的产品，故选A。]
【干扰项分析】 根据文章尾句，尤其是其中的“supprt the farmer and reduce the needs fr manpwer”可知，农场不是仅由新科技控制，它也需要人力。故B项错误。
8．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A diary. B．A guidebk.
C．A nvel. D．A newspaper.
D [文章出处题。根据文章开头的“BOXTEL，Netherlands”可知，本文应是出自新闻报道，且根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型农场，与社会生活密切相关，故选D项。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2020·湖北八校第一次联考)
BE A GOOD TOURIST
Turism can be bth gd and bad.Yes，it brings in mney fr the lcal ecnmy and creates lts f jbs fr the lcals，but it may als bring sme prblems.
__1__Turists have used rcks r even keys t write n the Luxr Temple in Egypt，the Clsseum in Rme，the Stnehenge in the UK，and many，many ther places.Thusands f turist sites are being destryed by turists wh “lve them t death”．__2___ If yu want t leave a mark n the wrld，d it by changing smene's life with kindness and lve.Pass kindness dwn t future generatins，nt destructin.
Anther big prblem in sme places is that turists disturb the lcal peple.__3___ Fr example，there are a number f turists in Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Ynsei University in Suth Krea，visiting the campuses and walking thrugh the libraries and ther public areas，taking pictures f students and disturbing their studies.I have three wrds fr turists like these：please be cnsiderate.__4__
The prblems caused by turists are endless：walking in large grups withut cnsidering thers wh need t walk by，crssing rads withut bserving lcal traffic laws，and many mre.The nly way t slve the prblems caused by turists is t make sure that yu are nt ne causing prblems! __5__Remember，whenever yu step utside yur cuntry's brder，yu are representing yur cuntry t the rest f the wrld.
A．Just think frm ther aspects.
B．When in Rme，d as the Rmans d.
C．Have fun in a way that des nt disturb thers.
D．Try t be the best，kindest and mst plite turist.
E．I have three wrds fr peple like these：please stp it.
F．One grwing prblem is that turists want t prve that they have visited smeplace.
G．Sme turists wander arund and take pictures f lcal peple withut asking fr their permissin.
【语篇解读】 旅游业给当地带来了经济效益，给当地人提供了很多的工作机会，但也可能带来一些问题。文章通过分析游客给旅游地及当地人带来的问题告诉人们，要做一个友善、礼貌的游客。
1．F [根据第二段第二句“Turists have used rcks r even keys t write ther places”可知，这里描述的是游客在旅游地随意写字的现象；根据第三段第一句中的“Anther big prblem”可知，空处需要提到“prblem”或者与之相近的词。由此可知，F项符合语境。]
2．E [根据空后两句表述的内容可知，空处应是作者针对该段表述的游客在旅游地随意写字的问题提出的建议。通过分析文章结构和句子与句子之间的关系可知，该空所填的内容及其作用和结构需与下文中的“I have three wrds fr turists like these：please be cnsiderate”相似，故选E项。]
3．G [根据本段第一句可知，本段讲的是游客带来的另一个问题，即打扰当地人；G项表述的“一些游客闲逛，且未经当地人的许可就给他们拍照片”也是游客打扰当地人的一种表现。故选G。]
4．C [根据空前一句中的“please be cnsiderate” (请体贴一些)可知，针对游客打扰当地人这一问题，作者建议游客要对当地人体贴一些；由此可知，C项“以一种不打扰他人的方式尽情地玩”符合语境。故选C项。]
5．D [根据空前一句表述的“解决游客造成的问题的唯一方法就是确保你不是制造问题的游客之一”可知，作者认为要解决这一问题，游客首先要严于律己；D项“尽力成为最好、最善良、最有礼貌的游客”正是游客严于律己的表现。故选D项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·西安五校联考)Nwadays，it seems that many peple are increasingly inclined t eat a plantbased diet and leave ut animal 1.________ (prduct)．Fr meat lvers，a new study has fund a link 2.________ hw much meat a persn eats and an increased risk f premature death.
Accrding t research 3.________ (publish)in the American Jurnal f Clinical Nutritin，peple wh ate mre red meat r prcessed meat in their diet had a 4.________ (high)chance f dying frm a lnglasting disease.The new research lked at data frm the Kupi Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factr Study，5.________ nging study that's tracking risk factrs fr cardivascular(心血管的)disease amng middleaged men frm eastern Finland.The study ppulatin 6.________(make)up f 2,641 Finnish men between the ages f 42 and 60 when the study began between 1984 and 1989.
Researchers fllwed up the cnditin f the men after 20 years—1,225 f them had died.Thse 7._______ ate seven unces r mre f red r prcessed meat daily—r gt the 8.________(majr)f their prtein frm meat—had a 23 percent higher risk f premature death，accrding t Science Daily.This isn't 9.________ (actual)the first strike against red r prcessed meat：Red r prcessed meat can increase yur chances f 10.________(get)this disease.
【语篇解读】 一项新的研究表明，吃较多红肉或加工过的肉类的人过早死亡的风险较高。
1．prducts [考查名词的单复数。此处表示“动物制品”，包括很多种类，表示复数概念，prduct应为可数名词，故用其复数形式。]
2．between [考查介词。根据语境并结合空前的link以及该句中的and可知，此处表示一个人吃肉的多少与过早死亡的风险增加之间的联系，此处应是考查“”固定搭配，故填between。]
3．published [考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，空处与research为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。]
4．higher [考查形容词的比较级。根据本句中的“wh ate mre red meat r prcessed meat”以及“chance f dying frm a lnglasting disease”和语境可知，此处表示比较的含义，需用形容词的比较级形式。]
5．an [考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，“________ nging study”作同位语，解释说明“the Kupi Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factr Study”，表示“一项持续的研究”，应用不定冠词修饰，而且nging的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]
6．was made [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；根据句中的“between 1984 and 1989”可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语The study ppulatin表示单数概念，故填was made。]
7．wh/that [考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Thse，指人，故用wh或that引导该定语从句。]
8．majrity [考查词性转换。该空前有the，后有介词f，且此处表示“大部分”，因此需用名词majrity。]
9．actually [考查副词。此处修饰be动词，需用副词形式。]
10．getting [考查动名词。f是介词，因此此处应用动名词形式作宾语。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·江西省五校协作体上学期考试试题)High schl is very imprtant in ne's lifetime.Nwadays，the mvies abut the high schl time are s ppular，and the stries are verstated.My high schl life is s different f thse in the mvies.In the past tw years，study ccupied mst f my time.I fught fr the future with my classmates.We studied hardly and shared ur pinin abut the difficult pints tgether.When I made a great prgress，I was s happy，but when I fell behind，I wuld nt give up.I grew up and became patience.I was nt a little girl anymre.In the spare time，I wuld g t play basketball with my friends，that became the mst excited thing at that time.Thugh the high schl life was simple，I gained a lt.I wuld never frget the classmates wh studied with them tgether.
[答案]
High schl is very imprtant in ne's lifetime.Nwadays，the mvies abut the high schl time are s ppular，eq \f(and,but) the stries are verstated.My high schl life is s different eq \f(f,frm) thse in the mvies.In the past tw years，study eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(has)) ccupied mst f my time.I fught fr the future with my classmates.We studied eq \f(hardly,hard) and shared ur eq \f(pinin,pinins) abut the difficult pints tgether.When I made eq \(a,＼) great prgress，I was s happy，but when I fell behind，I wuld nt give up.I grew up and became eq \f(patience,patient).I was nt a little girl anymre.In the spare time，I wuld g t play basketball with my friends，eq \f(that,which) became the mst eq \f(excited,exciting) thing at that time. Thugh the high schl life was simple，I gained a lt.I wuld never frget the classmates wh studied with eq \f(them,me) tgether.
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