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统考版2022届高考英语一轮复习选修7Unit21HumanBiology课时提能练含解析北师大版20210218275学案
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这是一份统考版2022届高考英语一轮复习选修7Unit21HumanBiology课时提能练含解析北师大版20210218275学案，共16页。学案主要包含了语篇解读等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·桂林模拟)When wmen sit tgether t watch a mvie n TV, they usually talk simultaneusly(同时的)abut a variety f subjects, including children, men, careers and what's happening in their lives. When grups f men and wmen watch a mvie tgether, the men usually end up telling the wmen t shut up. Men can either talk r watch the screen — they can't d bth — and they dn't understand that wmen can. Besides, wmen cnsider that the pint f all getting tgether is t have a gd time and develp relatinships — nt just t sit there like cuch ptates staring at the screen.
During the ad breaks, a man ften asks a wman t explain the plt and tell him where the relatinship between the characters is ging. He is unable, unlike wmen, t read the subtle bdy language signals that reveal hw the characters are feeling emtinally. Since wmen riginally spent their days with the ther wmen and children in the grup, they develped the ability t cmmunicate successfully in rder t maintain relatinships. Fr a wman, speech cntinues t have such a clear purpse: t build relatinships and make friends. Fr men, t talk is t relate the facts.
Men see the telephne as a cmmunicatin tl fr sending facts and infrmatin t ther peple, but a wman sees it as a means f bnding. A wman can spend tw weeks n vacatin with her girlfriend and, when she returns hme, telephne the same girlfriend and talk fr anther tw hurs.
There is n cnvincing evidence that scial cnditining, the fact that girls' mthers talked them mre, is the reasn why girls talk mre than bys. Psychiatrist Dr Michael Lewis, authr f Scial Behaviur and Language Acquisitin, cnducted experiments that fund mthers talked t and lked at, baby girls mre ften than baby bys. Scientific evidence shws parents respnd t the brain bias f their children. Since a girl's brain is better rganized t send and receive speech，we therefre talk t them mre. Cnsequently, mthers wh try t talk t their sns are usually pinted t receive nly shrt grunts in reply.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。短文从男女看电视的反应开始谈男女注意力、性格等差异，进而说明女人爱聊天的原因，作者还从生理学角度剖析了女人喜欢聊天的生理因素。
1．While watching TV with thers, wmen usually talk a lt because they ________.
A．are afraid f awkward silence with their families and friends
B．can bth talk and watch the screen at the same time
C．think they can have a gd time and develp
relatinships
D．have t explain the plt and bdy language t their husbands
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Besides, wmen cnsider that the pint f all getting tgether is t have a gd time and develp relatinships—nt just t sit there like cuch ptates staring at the screen.”可知，此外，女性认为所有人聚在一起的目的是为了玩得开心，发展关系——而不是像电视迷那样坐在那里盯着屏幕。所以女人们会谈论是因为她们觉得这样可以很愉快并且同时能搞好关系。故选C。]
2．After a vacatin with her girlfriend, a wman wuld talk t her again n the phne fr hurs in rder t________.
A．experience the happy time again
B．keep a clse tie with her
C．recmmend her a new scenic spt
D．remind her f smething frgtten
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Men see the telephne as a cmmunicatin tl fr sending facts and infrmatin t ther peple, but a wman sees it as a means f bnding.”可知，男人把电话看作是向别人传递事实和信息的一种交流工具，而女人则把电话看作是联系感情的一种方式，她是想要借此来维持两人之间紧密的关系。所以和女性朋友度假后，一个女人会再和她通几个小时的电话，以便和她保持密切联系。故选B。]
3．What des the authr want t tell us mst?
A．Wmen's brains are better rganized fr language and cmmunicatin.
B．Wmen lve t talk because they are mre sciable than men.
C．Men d nt like talking because they rely mre n facts.
D．Scial cnditining is nt the reasn why wmen lve talking.
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Since a girl's brain is better rganized t send and receive speech, we therefre talk t them mre.”可知，由于女孩的大脑更有组织地发送和接收语言信息，因此我们会更多地与她们交谈。由此判断出女性的大脑更适合语言和交流。故选A。]
4．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Wmen Are Scially Trained t Talk
B．Talking Maintains Relatinships
C．Wmen Lve t Talk
D．Men Talk Differently frm Wmen
C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文从男女看电视的反应开始谈男女注意力、性格等差异，进而说明女人爱聊天的原因，作者还从生理学角度剖析了女人喜欢聊天的生理因素。所以短文的最佳标题为“女人喜欢聊天”，故选C。]
B
(2020·崇左二次摸底)Nt all bad emtins (情感) are necessarily bad.In fact, they can direct yur behavir in useful ways. If yu're stuck in traffic, anger with the situatin might mtivate yu t find an alternative rute (线路), which will then relieve yur stress. But anger is less useful if yu're in the same situatin, but stuck n a mtrway with n ptin t alter directins.
Emtins have physilgical effects, such as raising the level f crtisl in yur bldstream, which can affect yur health. Indeed, a new study, published in Psychlgy and Aging, shws that high levels f anger are assciated with pr health in lder peple.
The Canadian study did the study n 226 adults aged 59－93. They tk bld samples t assess levels f chrnic (慢性的) lwgrade inflammatin (炎症) and asked the participants t reprt any agerelated chrnic illnesses they might have. The participants als cmpleted a shrt questinnaire abut the level f anger r sadness they experienced in three typical days ver a neweek perid.
Fr the analysis, the researchers cnsidered whether age culd affect the results. They fund that higher levels f anger were assciated with inflammatin and ill health in the ldest participants (aged 80 and abve), but nt the yungest nes (59－79 years). Sadness was nt assciated with inflammatin r ill health in either age grup.
The study is crsssectinal, meaning that it assessed a grup f peple at a single pint in time. T get a fuller understanding f the relatinship between bad emtins and health, we need studies that fllw participants fr a perid f time — scalled prspective bservatin studies. Future studies shuld als take int accunt ther factrs that might relate, such as ther emtins, stress and persnality.
Althugh this new research shws a link between emtin and health in lder age, we d nt knw whether anger causes inflammatin and illness r whether health prblems make peple angrier.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，不是所有的负面情绪都是糟糕的，然而就老年人来说，愤怒有时会影响健康。
5．What des the underlined wrd “alter” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Change. B．Cntrl.
C．Measure.D．Operate.
A [词义猜测题。根据前句“If yu're stuck in traffic, anger with the situatin might mtivate yu t find an alternative rute (线路), which will then relieve yur stress.(如果你被困在交通堵塞中，对这种情况的愤怒可能会促使你去寻找另一条路线，这将会减轻你的压力。)”提到对处境的怒火会激发我们找替代路线。再根据划线词所在句意“但是如果你处于同一处境，卡在高速公路没有其他的办法________路线时，愤怒就不会那么有用了”可知alter应该意为：寻找替代路线，更换，划线词与Change意思一致。故选A。]
6．Why were participants taken bld samples?
A．T analyze their levels f health.
B．T fill in the frm f questinnaires.
C．T knw the levels f sme inflammatin.
D．T cmpare the change f anger in three days.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They tk bld samples t assess levels f chrnic (慢性的) lwgrade inflammatin (炎症) and asked the participants t reprt any agerelated chrnic illnesses they might have.”可知，他们采集了血样来评估慢性低度炎症的程度，并要求参与者报告他们可能患有的任何与年龄有关的慢性疾病。由此可知，抽取血样是为了了解某种炎症的程度。故选C。]
7．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Anger is the greatest danger t health.
B．The influence f anger n illness is unclear.
C．Peple in pr health are easy t get angry.
D．Evidence is needed t prve the effect f health.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althugh this new research shws a link between emtin and health in lder age, we d nt knw whether anger causes inflammatin and illness r whether health prblems make peple angrier.”可知，尽管这项新研究显示了情绪与老年健康之间的联系，但我们不知道愤怒是否会导致炎症和疾病，还是健康问题会让人更加愤怒。由此可知，愤怒对疾病的影响到目前还是不确定的。故选B。]
8．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Adjusting Our Emtins Is Necessary
B．Bad Emtins Affect Peple's Feelings
C．New Cnclusins Make Peple Amazed
D．Anger Is Linked t Illness in Old Age
D [主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了愤怒与老年人的疾病有关，如实验结果的由来、实施过程等，故D选项Anger Is Linked t Illness in Old Age(愤怒与年老时的疾病有关)适合作本文的标题。故选D。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·曲师大附中模拟)I will never frget ne summer in my childhd.While walking in the attic (阁楼), I stepped n smething and __1__ dwn, with my hand landing n a flrbard that ppped up and almst hit my head. When I __2__ and lked inside the pen space, I culd nt believe my eyes: There was gld in there! I __3__ a handful f shining gld cubes, ran t the bttm stair and __4__，“Mama, I fund gld up there under the flr！”
Back up the stairs I dashed, __5__ my brthers almst kncked me dwn as they ran right by me. When Mama pened the dr and __6__ her head in, she __7__ said, “Hney, that's insulatin (隔热材料). Nw put it all back.”
I felt really disappinted. I had thught I made a real __8__.
When I __9__ inside t put the fake gld back，my hand tuched what felt like a bk. I pulled it ut.It was ld and small：Bartlett's Familiar Qutatins，which I'd never heard f. And __10__ I was bred, I decided t see what was inside this little bk. T my __11__， it was a bk f passages, phrases and prverbs, and I culd tell that this was ging t be __12__.
S I spent quite much time n it and fund __13__ in these pages. As I didn't knw hw t express things clearly, I ften __14__ t talk abut them. This bk helped me __15__ that I didn't need t feel ashamed r __16__， because ther peple had similar experiences.
When I went t cllege, Bartlett's Familiar Qutatins came with me. Over the years, I've kept my riginal __17__， which t this day I ften __18__.Althugh it was a __19__ t find the bk, it liberated me in a way. It helped me see mre than my yung mind and heart were able t understand.
The bk discvered under thse flrbards was，__20__， gld.
【语篇解读】 作者童年时期在阁楼意外发现了Bartlett's Familiar Qutatins这本书，被其中的内容吸引，并且收获良多。
1．A.slwed B．calmed
C．lkedD．fell
D [考查动词。根据前文中的“I stepped n smething”及后文中的“with my hand landing n a flrbard”可推知，作者踩住了某个东西“摔倒”了。fall意为“跌倒”，符合语境。]
2．A.bent ver B．shwed up
C．lay dwnD．brke in
A [考查动词短语。根据上文可知，地板翘了起来(差点打到头)，于是作者“俯下身”去看，发现地板下面有金子。bend ver意为“俯身”，符合语境。shw up出现；lie dwn躺下；break in强行进入，打断。]
3．A.stle B．prduced
C．seizedD．hid
C [考查动词。根据后文中的“handful”以及“t put the fake gld back”可推知，作者当时“抓”了一把金块，朝楼下跑去，seize意为“抓取”。stle为steal的过去式，意为“偷”；prduce意为“生产”；hide意为“隐藏”。]
4．A.yelled B．sighed
C．admittedD．cmplained
A [考查动词。根据后文中的“Mama，I fund gld”可知，作者当时非常兴奋，所以会“大喊”，yell意为“大喊”。sigh叹息；admit承认；cmplain抱怨。]
5．A.r B．s
C．butD．fr
C [考查连词。根据空后的“my brthers almst kncked me dwn as they ran right by me”可推知，作者的哥哥们也想冲到阁楼上看“金子”，作者告诉完母亲冲回阁楼，“但是”途中差点被哥哥们撞倒，空格前后两部分应为转折关系。]
6．A.ndded B．stuck
C．lweredD．lifted
B [考查动词。根据空后的“her head in”可知，母亲把门打开，把头“伸”了进去，发现那只是隔热材料。stick意为“放置”，stick her head in表示母亲将头伸进去。nd点头；lwer把……放低；lift举起。]
7．A.simply B．thughtfully
C．hnestlyD．angrily
A [考查副词。根据后文中的“Hney，that's insulatin(隔热材料)．Nw put it all back.”可知，母亲仅仅说它是隔热材料，并让作者将“金子”放回去。simply仅仅，只；thughtfully深思熟虑地；hnestly诚实地；angrily生气地。]
8．A.difference B．chice
C．mistakeD．discvery
D [考查名词。根据前文中的“I fund gld up there under the flr”可知，作者当时真的以为自己有了新的“发现”，但当被告知不是金子的时候，作者自然很失望。]
9．A.sat B．slid
C．reachedD．walked
C [考查动词。根据下文中的“my hand tuched what felt like a bk”可知，作者将手伸进去，将“假金子”放了回去，故选reach“伸手”。slid为slide的过去式，意为“滑动”。]
10．A.until B．nw that
C．unlessD．s that
B [考查连词。根据前文中的“which I'd never heard f”及空后的“I was bred”可知，作者从来没有听说过这本书，又“由于”感到无聊，所以决定看看书中的内容。nw that既然，由于(＝since/in that)。]
11．A.surprise B．regret
C．reliefD．disappintment
A [考查名词。根据下文中的“S I spent quite much time n it”可知，让作者感到“意外”的是，这本书里面有很多文段、短语和谚语，并且作者断定这本书将会“有趣”。t ne's surprise令某人意外的是；t ne's relief使某人感到轻松的是。]
12．A.absurd B．cntrversial
C．bringD．interesting
D [考查形容词。参见上题解析。absurd荒谬的；cntrversial有争议的。]
13．A.sympathy B．cmfrt
C．hnrD．dubt
B [考查名词。根据前文中的“I spent quite much time n it”及“I was bred”可知，当时因为有了这本书，作者乏味的生活有了一些“安慰”。sympathy同情；cmfrt慰藉，安慰；hnr荣誉；dubt怀疑。]
14．A.tended B．ffered
C．managedD．hesitated
D [考查动词。根据前文中的“I didn't knw hw t express things clearly”可知，因为作者不知道如何清楚地表达事物，所以在谈及它们的时候经常“迟疑”。tend t d往往会做，倾向于做；ffer t d主动提出做；manage t d勉力完成；hesitate t d迟疑做，不愿意做。]
15．A.expect B．remember
C．realizeD．imagine
C [考查动词。根据后文中的“I didn't need t feel ashamed”以及语境可知，这本书让作者“意识到”，当自己表达不好的时候，不需要感到羞愧或“尴尬”，因为其他人也有相似的经历。]
16．A.embarrassed B．satisfied
C．astnishedD．tired
A [考查形容词。参见上题解析。embarrassed尴尬的；satisfied满意的；astnished感到十分惊讶的；tired疲劳的。]
17．A.mind B．cpy
C．planD．file
B [考查名词。根据空前的“riginal”以及语境可推知，多年来，作者一直保存着自己当年发现的那本书，cpy在文中意为“一本，一册”。riginal cpy表示“原本，原件”。]
18．A.put away B．shw ff
C．refer tD．pick up
C [考查动词短语。根据前文作者一直留着这本书，再结合语境和常识可推知，作者至今还一直在“参考”这本书。put away将……收起来；shw ff炫耀；refer t查阅，参考，征询；pick up捡起。]
19．A.dilemma B．disaster
C．pityD．cincidence
D [考查名词。根据前文可知，作者当时发现这本书纯属“巧合”，但即便是巧合，这本书却在某种程度上(心灵、思想方面)解放了作者。dilemma困境；disaster灾难；pity遗憾；cincidence巧合。]
20．A.still B．indeed
C．nrmallyD．hpefully
B [考查副词。根据上文中的“It helped me see mre than my yung mind and heart were able t understand”可知，这本书让作者的思想和心灵得到解放，对作者而言“的确”是金子。]
课时提能练(四十二)
选修7 Unit 21 Human Bilgy(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·武汉网考)Since we are scial beings，the quality f ur lives depends in large measure n ur interpersnal relatinships.
One strength f the human cnditin is ur tendency t give and receive supprt frm ne anther under stressful circumstances. Scial supprt cnsists f the exchange f resurces amng peple based n their interpersnal ties.
Thse f us with strng supprt systems appear better able t deal with majr life changes and daily difficulties. Peple with strng scial ties live lnger and have better health than thse withut such ties. Studies ver a range f illnesses，frm depressin t heart disease，shw that the presence f scial supprt helps peple prtect themselves frm illness，and the absence f such supprt makes pr health mre likely.
Scial supprt cushins stress in a number f ways. First，friends，relatives，and cwrkers may let us knw that they value us. Our selfrespect is strengthened when we feel accepted by thers despite ur faults and difficulties.
Secnd，ther peple ften prvide us with infrmatinal supprt. They help us t explain and understand ur prblems and find slutins t them. Third，we typically find scial cmpaninship supprtive. Engaging in leisuretime activities with thers helps us t meet ur scial needs while at the same time distracting(转移……注意力)us frm ur wrries and trubles. Finally，ther peple may give us instrumental supprtfinancial aid，material resurces，and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us slve and deal with ur prblems.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们是社会性的动物，所以我们的生活质量很大程度上取决于人际关系，并从四个方面阐述了人际关系对我们的好处。
1．Research shws that peple's physical and mental health has much t d with ________.
A．the scial medical system
B．the amunt f supprt they get frm thers
C．their strength fr dealing with interpersnal ties
D．their ability t deal with daily wrries and trubles
C [细节理解题。根据第三段的“Peple with strng scial ties live lnger and have better health than thse withut such ties.(有牢固社会关系的人比没有的人寿命更长，健康状况更好。)”可知，人的心理和身体的健康状况和人们的社会关系有关，即他们处理人际关系的能力。故选C项。]
2．The underlined wrd “cushins” in Paragraph 4 prbably means“________”．
A．adds up t
B．lessens the effect f
C．des away with
D．lays the fundatin fr
B [词义猜测题。根据第四段的“Scial supprt cushins stress in a number f ways. First, friends, relatives, and cwrkers may let us knw that they value us. Our selfrespect is strengthened when we feel accepted by thers despite ur faults and difficulties.”可知，社会支持用多种方式________压力。首先，朋友、亲人和同事会让我们知道他们重视我们。当我们感到被别人接受时，我们的自尊心就会增强，尽管我们有缺点和错误。根据上下文语境，尤其是value和strengthen，以及accepted可推测划线部分的意思是“缓解/降低”。故选B项。]
3．Scial cmpaninship is beneficial in that ________.
A．it helps strengthen ur ties with relatives
B．it enables us t get rid f ur faults and mistakes
C．it makes ur leisuretime activities mre enjyable
D．it draws ur attentin away frm ur wrries and trubles
D [细节理解题。根据第五段的“Third, we typically find scial cmpaninship supprtive. Engaging in leisuretime activities with thers helps us t meet ur scial needs while at the same time distracting (转移……注意力)us frm ur wrries and trubles.(我们通常认为社会交往是有益的。和他人一起从事休闲活动帮助我们满足我们的社会需求，同时转移我们忧虑和烦恼的注意力。)”可知，社交陪伴可以转移我们忧虑和烦恼的注意力。故选D项。]
B
(2020·宜昌联考)The number f snw geese arriving in the Arctic each spring t breed has risen ver the past few decades. At first, wildlife bilgists saw this as an envirnmental crisis, pinting t marshes(沼泽地)where plants were eaten by the hungry birds, and the federal gvernment respnded by lsening restrictins n snw gse hunting acrss the cuntry. But hw d the Inuit(因纽特人)，in whse backyard this is taking place, and fr whm fresh gse eggs and meat are amng the pleasure f an Arctic spring, view the situatin? A recent study is bringing Inuit wildlife experts and scientists tgether t lk fr cmmn grund n managing the species.
The snw gse study asked experts in Cral Harbur and Arviat, n the nrth and west cast f Hudsn Bay, t share their generatins f knwledge abut snw geese and their views n what shuld be dne. “The cmmunity had cncerns abut cntrlling the ppulatin，” says Rn Ningengan, a cmmunity fficer fr the Kivalliq Inuit Assciatin in Cral Harbur, “and Inuit snw gse knwledge had never been recrded.Peple wanted t pass n what they knew.”
The Inuit experts rejected the idea f a cull(选择性宰杀)，cnsidering it wasteful f the geese and unnecessary fr the envirnment in general, but felt that hunting mre geese in an rganized way—fr instance, paying lcal hunters a minimum amunt f mney and distributing the birds t disadvantaged families r perating a limited cmmercial hunt that wuld emply lcal peple—wuld be apprpriate.
The Inuit say that while there may be t many snw geese in sme areas, it's nt a crisis. Bilgists nw generally agree that there seem t be plenty f undamaged marshes available and newer research shws that sme damaged areas can recver.
Cnservatin planners fr the three migratry bird reserves in the area will use the study's recmmendatins, which is an excellent example f hw indigenus (土著的) knwledge can strengthen wildlife management Jhnsn says.
“Nw that we have recrded and dcumented Inuit knwledge f snw geese，”says Ningengan. “when facing the crisis again, ther peple will be able t use the infrmatin t help manage the species, which is fundamental t dealing with it effectively.”
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍猎获雪雁给生态系统带来的危机以及因纽特人是如何加强野生动物管理的。
4．Why did the federal gvernment lsen restrictins n snw gse hunting?
A．T create mre marshes.
B．T prtect ecsystem.
C．T make mre prfits.
D．T wipe ut the hungry birds.
B [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“wildlife bilgists saw this as an envirnmental crisis, pinting t marshes (沼泽地) where plants were eaten by the hungry birds, and the federal gvernment respnded by lsening restrictins n snw gse hunting(野生动物生物学家认为这是一场环境危机，他们指出沼泽地里的植物被饥饿的鸟类吃掉了，联邦政府对此的反应是放松对猎雪雁的限制)”可知，联邦政府要限制猎雪雁是为了保护生态系统。故选B项。]
5．Which f the fllwing might Inuit wildlife experts agree n?
A．Regarding t many snw geese as a crisis.
B．Never rganizing largescale cmmercial hunts.
C．Emplying pr families t hunt mre snw geese.
D．Using snw gse hunting t man's best advantage.
D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“hunting mre geese in an rganized way—fr instance, paying lcal hunters a minimum amunt f mney and distributing the birds t disadvantaged families r perating a limited cmmercial hunt that wuld emply lcal peple—wuld be apprpriate(以一种有组织的方式来猎杀更多的雪雁——例如，付给当地猎人最少的钱，并将这些雪雁分配给贫困家庭，或者通过雇佣当地居民来进行有限的商业捕猎——都是合适的)”可知，因纽特野生动物专家会同意“利用雪雁狩猎为人类带来最大的好处”。故选D项。]
6．What d bilgists think abut the marshes' future at present?
A．It's unpredictable.
B．It's hard t get better.
C．It's t discuraging.
D．It's a bit prmising.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Bilgists nw generally agree that there seem t be plenty f undamaged marshes available and newer research shws that sme damaged areas can recver.(生物学家现在普遍认为，似乎有大量未受损害的沼泽可以利用，最新的研究表明，一些受损地区可以恢复。)”可知，目前生物学家认为沼泽的未来有点希望。故选D项。]
7．What des the underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refer t?
A．The crisis.
B．The species.
C．Inuit knwledge.
D．Inuit research.
A [代词指示题。根据文章首段中的“as an envirnmental crisis”，画线词it所在句子中提到的“when facing the crisis”，再结合该词前的dealing with“处理”可知，it指代的是“危机”。故选A项。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2020·凤城第二次模拟)Everyne is aware that taking gd care f ur bdies can prevent many medical prblems frm ccurring later. Hwever, we ften have less awareness f preventative actins we shuld take t help with mental health prblems. While ur mental health may be fine right nw, many f us will struggle at sme pint. __1__ It's impssible t get thrugh life withut challenges, but ur mental health preventin habits can help us get thrugh difficult times. __2__
Keep active. The mre active yu physically, mentally and scially are, the higher the level f yur mental wellness is likely t be. S g fr walks and learn smething new. There are many ther ways t be active. __3__
Be cnnected.Regular invlvement in scial activities with supprtive friends and family imprves yur ability t handle disappintments, and everything else life thrws at yu. __4__ But yu can be invlved in any manner; even vlunteering fr an rganizatin can help yu be mre scial.
__5__ The nature f these activities varies widely frm persn t persn. The key is t identify what gives yur life meaning. Vlunteering, caching, teaching, etc.all can cntribute t increasing yur sense f cnfidence and satisfactin with life. Many activities can address mre than ne. The key is t make a plan and stick with it. If yu are already struggling, begin t practice these ways t help yur recvery.
A．Here are three practical steps.
B．Hwever, gd mental health is imprtant.
C．Stresses, disappintments and disasters happen.
D．Overcme life's challenges befre they happen.
E．Be cmmitted t activities that give life meaning.
F．The key is t find what keeps yu mtivated and interested.
G．This can be difficult when yu mve t a new twn r as yu get lder.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。每个人都知道，照顾好我们的身体可以防止许多医疗问题的发生。生活中不可能没有挑战，但是我们的心理健康预防习惯可以帮助我们度过困难时期。文章介绍了三个实用的方式。
1．C [上文提示“虽然我们的心理健康现在可能很好，但我们中的许多人都会在某种情况下挣扎。”再根据下文提示“生活中不可能没有挑战，但是我们的心理健康预防习惯可以帮助我们度过困难时期。”承接上下文，C项Stresses, disappintments and disasters happen.(压力、失望和灾难总会发生。)承上启下。故选C。]
2．A [上文提示“生活中不可能没有挑战，但是我们的心理健康预防习惯可以帮助我们度过困难时期。”再根据下面三段内容， A项Here are three practical steps.(这里有三个实用的步骤。)承上启下。故选A。]
3．F [上文提示“有很多其他的活跃方式。”承接上文，F项The key is t find what keeps yu mtivated and interested.(关键是找到让你保持动力和兴趣的东西。)切题。故选F。]
4．G [上文提示“经常和支持你的朋友和家人一起参加社交活动，可以提高你处理失望和生活中其他事情的能力。”再根据下文提示“但你可以以任何方式参与其中；即使是为一个组织做志愿者也能帮助你更加社会化。”承接上下文，G项This can be difficult when yu mve t a new twn r as yu get lder.(当你搬到一个新的城镇或随着年龄的增长，这可能会很困难。)切题。该项中的this指的是上文内容；而下文中的But与该项构成转折。故选G。]
5．E [下文提示“这些活动的性质因人而异。”承接下文，E项Be cmmitted t activities that give life meaning.(致力于那些赋予生活意义的活动。)切题。故选E。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·黄冈冲刺卷)China is cnsidered the hme f tea. Chinese tea had begun t be exprted t Japan and Krea befre the Tang Dynasty (618－907). In the early perid f the 17th century, Chinese tea 1.________ (exprt) t Eurpe. The tea frm China is in great abundance and variety. T tell if a pt f tea is nice yu can mainly rely 2.________ the clr, smell, taste and frm.
One f China's six famus tea types is white tea, 3.________ gets its name frm its silverwhite clr. It 4.________ (be) mainly grwn and prduced in Fujian and Taiwan prvinces with a lng histry, dating back t Nrthern Sng Dynasty (960－1127) in ancient China. Cmpared with ther majr types f tea, it distinguishes itself by 5.________ (it) refreshingly sweet taste and beautiful silverneedlelike shape, thus 6.________ (enjy) great ppularity amng tea 7.________ (drink). In additin, the lnger it is preserved, the better healthbuilding effects it has. 8.________ (amazing), it has been prved that if drunk regularly, white tea will greatly benefit peple's physical and mental health. This is because it can nt nly prtect peple frm being 9.________ (strike) by sme cmmn diseases, 10.________ als can effectively relieve symptms.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的茶历史，以及中国六大名茶之一的白茶和白茶有益健康。
1．was exprted [考查动词时态及语态。句意：17世纪初期，中国的茶叶出口到欧洲。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动，且根据上文“In the early perid f the 17th century”可知应用一般过去时，主语为tea，故填was exprted。]
2．n [考查固定短语。句意：要判断一壶茶好不好，主要看它的色、香、味、形。固定短语rely n“依赖；依靠”，故填n。]
3．which [考查定语从句。句意：中国六大名茶之一的白茶，因其银白色而得名。本句为定语从句修饰先行词white tea，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。]
4．is [考查动词时态。句意： 它主要生长在福建和台湾地区，历史悠久，可以追溯到中国古代北宋(960－1127)。根据下文“grwn and prduced”可知为被动语态，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，故填is。]
5．its [考查代词。句意：与其他主要品种的茶叶相比，它的特点是清甜可口，形状像银针，深受饮茶者的喜爱。此处修饰名词短语sweet taste应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。]
6．enjying [考查非谓语动词。本句中两个句子的主语为同一主语故可用thus/thereby＋ing (现在分词)引导短语，作结果状语，前面句子表示原因，后面的分词短语表示结果，故填enjying。]
7．drinkers [考查名词的数。结合句意可知表示“饮茶者”应用drinker。且drinker为可数名词，此处数量大于一应用复数形式，故填drinkers。]
8．Amazingly [考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，事实证明，经常喝白茶对人的身心健康大有裨益。修饰下文整个句子应用副词，故填Amazingly。]
9．struck/stricken [考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为它不仅可以保护人们免受一些常见疾病的侵袭，还可以有效缓解症状。strike在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语peple构成被动，且结合上文frm being可知为being dne结构，故填struck/stricken。]
10．but [考查固定句式。固定句式nt als...“不仅……而且……”，故填but。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·北海模拟)One cld evening during the hliday seasn, a little by abut six r seven was standing in the frnt f a stre windw. The little child had n shes and his clthes are just rags. A yung wman passes by saw the little by and culd read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She tk the child by the hand and led him int the stre. There she bught her sme new shes and a cmplete suit f warmly clthing. They walked back int the street, s the wman tld the child t g hme and has a happy hliday. The little by lked her and asked hw she was Gd.She smiled and replied that she was just ne f his child.
[答案]
One cld evening during the hliday seasn, a little by abut six r seven was standing in eq \(the,＼) frnt f a stre windw. The little child had n shes and his clthes eq \f(are,were) just rags. A yung wman eq \f(passes,passing) by saw the little by and culd read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She tk the child by the hand and led him int the stre. There she bught eq \f(her,him) sme new shes and a cmplete suit f eq \f(warmly,warm) clthing. They walked back int the street, eq \f(s,and) the wman tld the child t g hme and eq \f(has,have) a happy hliday. The little by lked eq \(∧,\s\d14(at)) her and asked eq \f(hw,whether) she was Gd.She smiled and replied that she was just ne f his eq \f(child,children).
Ⅴ.书面表达
(2020·临沂诊断性考试)假定你是李华，外教Smith先生下周即将来你班任教。请你用英语写一封电子邮件向他介绍你班的基本情况，内容包括：
1．班级人数；
2．英语学习的现状；
3．大家对他教学的建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr Smith，
I'm Li Hua, a student frm Class 1, Grade 3.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
We are lking frward t yur cming!
Yurs，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear_Mr_Smith，
I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_frm_Class_1,_Grade_3. I'm glad t hear yu will cme t teach us. I will give a brief intrductin f ur class t yu.
There are 60 students in ur class, including 36 bys and 24 girls. Mst f us are fnd f studying English, but the abilities f listening and speaking are relatively weak, especially when cmmunicating with freigners. Althugh the academic atmsphere is great, we always can't get gd grades.
We hpe yu will give us mre pprtunities t express urselves in English and enjy mre English vides in class. In additin, if a variety f English activities, such as English shrt plays and English speech cntests, can be held regularly, ur English will imprve greatly.
We_are_lking_frward_t_yur_cming!
Yurs,_
Li_Hua
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·桂林模拟)When wmen sit tgether t watch a mvie n TV, they usually talk simultaneusly(同时的)abut a variety f subjects, including children, men, careers and what's happening in their lives. When grups f men and wmen watch a mvie tgether, the men usually end up telling the wmen t shut up. Men can either talk r watch the screen — they can't d bth — and they dn't understand that wmen can. Besides, wmen cnsider that the pint f all getting tgether is t have a gd time and develp relatinships — nt just t sit there like cuch ptates staring at the screen.
During the ad breaks, a man ften asks a wman t explain the plt and tell him where the relatinship between the characters is ging. He is unable, unlike wmen, t read the subtle bdy language signals that reveal hw the characters are feeling emtinally. Since wmen riginally spent their days with the ther wmen and children in the grup, they develped the ability t cmmunicate successfully in rder t maintain relatinships. Fr a wman, speech cntinues t have such a clear purpse: t build relatinships and make friends. Fr men, t talk is t relate the facts.
Men see the telephne as a cmmunicatin tl fr sending facts and infrmatin t ther peple, but a wman sees it as a means f bnding. A wman can spend tw weeks n vacatin with her girlfriend and, when she returns hme, telephne the same girlfriend and talk fr anther tw hurs.
There is n cnvincing evidence that scial cnditining, the fact that girls' mthers talked them mre, is the reasn why girls talk mre than bys. Psychiatrist Dr Michael Lewis, authr f Scial Behaviur and Language Acquisitin, cnducted experiments that fund mthers talked t and lked at, baby girls mre ften than baby bys. Scientific evidence shws parents respnd t the brain bias f their children. Since a girl's brain is better rganized t send and receive speech，we therefre talk t them mre. Cnsequently, mthers wh try t talk t their sns are usually pinted t receive nly shrt grunts in reply.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。短文从男女看电视的反应开始谈男女注意力、性格等差异，进而说明女人爱聊天的原因，作者还从生理学角度剖析了女人喜欢聊天的生理因素。
1．While watching TV with thers, wmen usually talk a lt because they ________.
A．are afraid f awkward silence with their families and friends
B．can bth talk and watch the screen at the same time
C．think they can have a gd time and develp
relatinships
D．have t explain the plt and bdy language t their husbands
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Besides, wmen cnsider that the pint f all getting tgether is t have a gd time and develp relatinships—nt just t sit there like cuch ptates staring at the screen.”可知，此外，女性认为所有人聚在一起的目的是为了玩得开心，发展关系——而不是像电视迷那样坐在那里盯着屏幕。所以女人们会谈论是因为她们觉得这样可以很愉快并且同时能搞好关系。故选C。]
2．After a vacatin with her girlfriend, a wman wuld talk t her again n the phne fr hurs in rder t________.
A．experience the happy time again
B．keep a clse tie with her
C．recmmend her a new scenic spt
D．remind her f smething frgtten
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Men see the telephne as a cmmunicatin tl fr sending facts and infrmatin t ther peple, but a wman sees it as a means f bnding.”可知，男人把电话看作是向别人传递事实和信息的一种交流工具，而女人则把电话看作是联系感情的一种方式，她是想要借此来维持两人之间紧密的关系。所以和女性朋友度假后，一个女人会再和她通几个小时的电话，以便和她保持密切联系。故选B。]
3．What des the authr want t tell us mst?
A．Wmen's brains are better rganized fr language and cmmunicatin.
B．Wmen lve t talk because they are mre sciable than men.
C．Men d nt like talking because they rely mre n facts.
D．Scial cnditining is nt the reasn why wmen lve talking.
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Since a girl's brain is better rganized t send and receive speech, we therefre talk t them mre.”可知，由于女孩的大脑更有组织地发送和接收语言信息，因此我们会更多地与她们交谈。由此判断出女性的大脑更适合语言和交流。故选A。]
4．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Wmen Are Scially Trained t Talk
B．Talking Maintains Relatinships
C．Wmen Lve t Talk
D．Men Talk Differently frm Wmen
C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文从男女看电视的反应开始谈男女注意力、性格等差异，进而说明女人爱聊天的原因，作者还从生理学角度剖析了女人喜欢聊天的生理因素。所以短文的最佳标题为“女人喜欢聊天”，故选C。]
B
(2020·崇左二次摸底)Nt all bad emtins (情感) are necessarily bad.In fact, they can direct yur behavir in useful ways. If yu're stuck in traffic, anger with the situatin might mtivate yu t find an alternative rute (线路), which will then relieve yur stress. But anger is less useful if yu're in the same situatin, but stuck n a mtrway with n ptin t alter directins.
Emtins have physilgical effects, such as raising the level f crtisl in yur bldstream, which can affect yur health. Indeed, a new study, published in Psychlgy and Aging, shws that high levels f anger are assciated with pr health in lder peple.
The Canadian study did the study n 226 adults aged 59－93. They tk bld samples t assess levels f chrnic (慢性的) lwgrade inflammatin (炎症) and asked the participants t reprt any agerelated chrnic illnesses they might have. The participants als cmpleted a shrt questinnaire abut the level f anger r sadness they experienced in three typical days ver a neweek perid.
Fr the analysis, the researchers cnsidered whether age culd affect the results. They fund that higher levels f anger were assciated with inflammatin and ill health in the ldest participants (aged 80 and abve), but nt the yungest nes (59－79 years). Sadness was nt assciated with inflammatin r ill health in either age grup.
The study is crsssectinal, meaning that it assessed a grup f peple at a single pint in time. T get a fuller understanding f the relatinship between bad emtins and health, we need studies that fllw participants fr a perid f time — scalled prspective bservatin studies. Future studies shuld als take int accunt ther factrs that might relate, such as ther emtins, stress and persnality.
Althugh this new research shws a link between emtin and health in lder age, we d nt knw whether anger causes inflammatin and illness r whether health prblems make peple angrier.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，不是所有的负面情绪都是糟糕的，然而就老年人来说，愤怒有时会影响健康。
5．What des the underlined wrd “alter” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Change. B．Cntrl.
C．Measure.D．Operate.
A [词义猜测题。根据前句“If yu're stuck in traffic, anger with the situatin might mtivate yu t find an alternative rute (线路), which will then relieve yur stress.(如果你被困在交通堵塞中，对这种情况的愤怒可能会促使你去寻找另一条路线，这将会减轻你的压力。)”提到对处境的怒火会激发我们找替代路线。再根据划线词所在句意“但是如果你处于同一处境，卡在高速公路没有其他的办法________路线时，愤怒就不会那么有用了”可知alter应该意为：寻找替代路线，更换，划线词与Change意思一致。故选A。]
6．Why were participants taken bld samples?
A．T analyze their levels f health.
B．T fill in the frm f questinnaires.
C．T knw the levels f sme inflammatin.
D．T cmpare the change f anger in three days.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They tk bld samples t assess levels f chrnic (慢性的) lwgrade inflammatin (炎症) and asked the participants t reprt any agerelated chrnic illnesses they might have.”可知，他们采集了血样来评估慢性低度炎症的程度，并要求参与者报告他们可能患有的任何与年龄有关的慢性疾病。由此可知，抽取血样是为了了解某种炎症的程度。故选C。]
7．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Anger is the greatest danger t health.
B．The influence f anger n illness is unclear.
C．Peple in pr health are easy t get angry.
D．Evidence is needed t prve the effect f health.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althugh this new research shws a link between emtin and health in lder age, we d nt knw whether anger causes inflammatin and illness r whether health prblems make peple angrier.”可知，尽管这项新研究显示了情绪与老年健康之间的联系，但我们不知道愤怒是否会导致炎症和疾病，还是健康问题会让人更加愤怒。由此可知，愤怒对疾病的影响到目前还是不确定的。故选B。]
8．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Adjusting Our Emtins Is Necessary
B．Bad Emtins Affect Peple's Feelings
C．New Cnclusins Make Peple Amazed
D．Anger Is Linked t Illness in Old Age
D [主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了愤怒与老年人的疾病有关，如实验结果的由来、实施过程等，故D选项Anger Is Linked t Illness in Old Age(愤怒与年老时的疾病有关)适合作本文的标题。故选D。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·曲师大附中模拟)I will never frget ne summer in my childhd.While walking in the attic (阁楼), I stepped n smething and __1__ dwn, with my hand landing n a flrbard that ppped up and almst hit my head. When I __2__ and lked inside the pen space, I culd nt believe my eyes: There was gld in there! I __3__ a handful f shining gld cubes, ran t the bttm stair and __4__，“Mama, I fund gld up there under the flr！”
Back up the stairs I dashed, __5__ my brthers almst kncked me dwn as they ran right by me. When Mama pened the dr and __6__ her head in, she __7__ said, “Hney, that's insulatin (隔热材料). Nw put it all back.”
I felt really disappinted. I had thught I made a real __8__.
When I __9__ inside t put the fake gld back，my hand tuched what felt like a bk. I pulled it ut.It was ld and small：Bartlett's Familiar Qutatins，which I'd never heard f. And __10__ I was bred, I decided t see what was inside this little bk. T my __11__， it was a bk f passages, phrases and prverbs, and I culd tell that this was ging t be __12__.
S I spent quite much time n it and fund __13__ in these pages. As I didn't knw hw t express things clearly, I ften __14__ t talk abut them. This bk helped me __15__ that I didn't need t feel ashamed r __16__， because ther peple had similar experiences.
When I went t cllege, Bartlett's Familiar Qutatins came with me. Over the years, I've kept my riginal __17__， which t this day I ften __18__.Althugh it was a __19__ t find the bk, it liberated me in a way. It helped me see mre than my yung mind and heart were able t understand.
The bk discvered under thse flrbards was，__20__， gld.
【语篇解读】 作者童年时期在阁楼意外发现了Bartlett's Familiar Qutatins这本书，被其中的内容吸引，并且收获良多。
1．A.slwed B．calmed
C．lkedD．fell
D [考查动词。根据前文中的“I stepped n smething”及后文中的“with my hand landing n a flrbard”可推知，作者踩住了某个东西“摔倒”了。fall意为“跌倒”，符合语境。]
2．A.bent ver B．shwed up
C．lay dwnD．brke in
A [考查动词短语。根据上文可知，地板翘了起来(差点打到头)，于是作者“俯下身”去看，发现地板下面有金子。bend ver意为“俯身”，符合语境。shw up出现；lie dwn躺下；break in强行进入，打断。]
3．A.stle B．prduced
C．seizedD．hid
C [考查动词。根据后文中的“handful”以及“t put the fake gld back”可推知，作者当时“抓”了一把金块，朝楼下跑去，seize意为“抓取”。stle为steal的过去式，意为“偷”；prduce意为“生产”；hide意为“隐藏”。]
4．A.yelled B．sighed
C．admittedD．cmplained
A [考查动词。根据后文中的“Mama，I fund gld”可知，作者当时非常兴奋，所以会“大喊”，yell意为“大喊”。sigh叹息；admit承认；cmplain抱怨。]
5．A.r B．s
C．butD．fr
C [考查连词。根据空后的“my brthers almst kncked me dwn as they ran right by me”可推知，作者的哥哥们也想冲到阁楼上看“金子”，作者告诉完母亲冲回阁楼，“但是”途中差点被哥哥们撞倒，空格前后两部分应为转折关系。]
6．A.ndded B．stuck
C．lweredD．lifted
B [考查动词。根据空后的“her head in”可知，母亲把门打开，把头“伸”了进去，发现那只是隔热材料。stick意为“放置”，stick her head in表示母亲将头伸进去。nd点头；lwer把……放低；lift举起。]
7．A.simply B．thughtfully
C．hnestlyD．angrily
A [考查副词。根据后文中的“Hney，that's insulatin(隔热材料)．Nw put it all back.”可知，母亲仅仅说它是隔热材料，并让作者将“金子”放回去。simply仅仅，只；thughtfully深思熟虑地；hnestly诚实地；angrily生气地。]
8．A.difference B．chice
C．mistakeD．discvery
D [考查名词。根据前文中的“I fund gld up there under the flr”可知，作者当时真的以为自己有了新的“发现”，但当被告知不是金子的时候，作者自然很失望。]
9．A.sat B．slid
C．reachedD．walked
C [考查动词。根据下文中的“my hand tuched what felt like a bk”可知，作者将手伸进去，将“假金子”放了回去，故选reach“伸手”。slid为slide的过去式，意为“滑动”。]
10．A.until B．nw that
C．unlessD．s that
B [考查连词。根据前文中的“which I'd never heard f”及空后的“I was bred”可知，作者从来没有听说过这本书，又“由于”感到无聊，所以决定看看书中的内容。nw that既然，由于(＝since/in that)。]
11．A.surprise B．regret
C．reliefD．disappintment
A [考查名词。根据下文中的“S I spent quite much time n it”可知，让作者感到“意外”的是，这本书里面有很多文段、短语和谚语，并且作者断定这本书将会“有趣”。t ne's surprise令某人意外的是；t ne's relief使某人感到轻松的是。]
12．A.absurd B．cntrversial
C．bringD．interesting
D [考查形容词。参见上题解析。absurd荒谬的；cntrversial有争议的。]
13．A.sympathy B．cmfrt
C．hnrD．dubt
B [考查名词。根据前文中的“I spent quite much time n it”及“I was bred”可知，当时因为有了这本书，作者乏味的生活有了一些“安慰”。sympathy同情；cmfrt慰藉，安慰；hnr荣誉；dubt怀疑。]
14．A.tended B．ffered
C．managedD．hesitated
D [考查动词。根据前文中的“I didn't knw hw t express things clearly”可知，因为作者不知道如何清楚地表达事物，所以在谈及它们的时候经常“迟疑”。tend t d往往会做，倾向于做；ffer t d主动提出做；manage t d勉力完成；hesitate t d迟疑做，不愿意做。]
15．A.expect B．remember
C．realizeD．imagine
C [考查动词。根据后文中的“I didn't need t feel ashamed”以及语境可知，这本书让作者“意识到”，当自己表达不好的时候，不需要感到羞愧或“尴尬”，因为其他人也有相似的经历。]
16．A.embarrassed B．satisfied
C．astnishedD．tired
A [考查形容词。参见上题解析。embarrassed尴尬的；satisfied满意的；astnished感到十分惊讶的；tired疲劳的。]
17．A.mind B．cpy
C．planD．file
B [考查名词。根据空前的“riginal”以及语境可推知，多年来，作者一直保存着自己当年发现的那本书，cpy在文中意为“一本，一册”。riginal cpy表示“原本，原件”。]
18．A.put away B．shw ff
C．refer tD．pick up
C [考查动词短语。根据前文作者一直留着这本书，再结合语境和常识可推知，作者至今还一直在“参考”这本书。put away将……收起来；shw ff炫耀；refer t查阅，参考，征询；pick up捡起。]
19．A.dilemma B．disaster
C．pityD．cincidence
D [考查名词。根据前文可知，作者当时发现这本书纯属“巧合”，但即便是巧合，这本书却在某种程度上(心灵、思想方面)解放了作者。dilemma困境；disaster灾难；pity遗憾；cincidence巧合。]
20．A.still B．indeed
C．nrmallyD．hpefully
B [考查副词。根据上文中的“It helped me see mre than my yung mind and heart were able t understand”可知，这本书让作者的思想和心灵得到解放，对作者而言“的确”是金子。]
课时提能练(四十二)
选修7 Unit 21 Human Bilgy(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·武汉网考)Since we are scial beings，the quality f ur lives depends in large measure n ur interpersnal relatinships.
One strength f the human cnditin is ur tendency t give and receive supprt frm ne anther under stressful circumstances. Scial supprt cnsists f the exchange f resurces amng peple based n their interpersnal ties.
Thse f us with strng supprt systems appear better able t deal with majr life changes and daily difficulties. Peple with strng scial ties live lnger and have better health than thse withut such ties. Studies ver a range f illnesses，frm depressin t heart disease，shw that the presence f scial supprt helps peple prtect themselves frm illness，and the absence f such supprt makes pr health mre likely.
Scial supprt cushins stress in a number f ways. First，friends，relatives，and cwrkers may let us knw that they value us. Our selfrespect is strengthened when we feel accepted by thers despite ur faults and difficulties.
Secnd，ther peple ften prvide us with infrmatinal supprt. They help us t explain and understand ur prblems and find slutins t them. Third，we typically find scial cmpaninship supprtive. Engaging in leisuretime activities with thers helps us t meet ur scial needs while at the same time distracting(转移……注意力)us frm ur wrries and trubles. Finally，ther peple may give us instrumental supprtfinancial aid，material resurces，and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us slve and deal with ur prblems.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们是社会性的动物，所以我们的生活质量很大程度上取决于人际关系，并从四个方面阐述了人际关系对我们的好处。
1．Research shws that peple's physical and mental health has much t d with ________.
A．the scial medical system
B．the amunt f supprt they get frm thers
C．their strength fr dealing with interpersnal ties
D．their ability t deal with daily wrries and trubles
C [细节理解题。根据第三段的“Peple with strng scial ties live lnger and have better health than thse withut such ties.(有牢固社会关系的人比没有的人寿命更长，健康状况更好。)”可知，人的心理和身体的健康状况和人们的社会关系有关，即他们处理人际关系的能力。故选C项。]
2．The underlined wrd “cushins” in Paragraph 4 prbably means“________”．
A．adds up t
B．lessens the effect f
C．des away with
D．lays the fundatin fr
B [词义猜测题。根据第四段的“Scial supprt cushins stress in a number f ways. First, friends, relatives, and cwrkers may let us knw that they value us. Our selfrespect is strengthened when we feel accepted by thers despite ur faults and difficulties.”可知，社会支持用多种方式________压力。首先，朋友、亲人和同事会让我们知道他们重视我们。当我们感到被别人接受时，我们的自尊心就会增强，尽管我们有缺点和错误。根据上下文语境，尤其是value和strengthen，以及accepted可推测划线部分的意思是“缓解/降低”。故选B项。]
3．Scial cmpaninship is beneficial in that ________.
A．it helps strengthen ur ties with relatives
B．it enables us t get rid f ur faults and mistakes
C．it makes ur leisuretime activities mre enjyable
D．it draws ur attentin away frm ur wrries and trubles
D [细节理解题。根据第五段的“Third, we typically find scial cmpaninship supprtive. Engaging in leisuretime activities with thers helps us t meet ur scial needs while at the same time distracting (转移……注意力)us frm ur wrries and trubles.(我们通常认为社会交往是有益的。和他人一起从事休闲活动帮助我们满足我们的社会需求，同时转移我们忧虑和烦恼的注意力。)”可知，社交陪伴可以转移我们忧虑和烦恼的注意力。故选D项。]
B
(2020·宜昌联考)The number f snw geese arriving in the Arctic each spring t breed has risen ver the past few decades. At first, wildlife bilgists saw this as an envirnmental crisis, pinting t marshes(沼泽地)where plants were eaten by the hungry birds, and the federal gvernment respnded by lsening restrictins n snw gse hunting acrss the cuntry. But hw d the Inuit(因纽特人)，in whse backyard this is taking place, and fr whm fresh gse eggs and meat are amng the pleasure f an Arctic spring, view the situatin? A recent study is bringing Inuit wildlife experts and scientists tgether t lk fr cmmn grund n managing the species.
The snw gse study asked experts in Cral Harbur and Arviat, n the nrth and west cast f Hudsn Bay, t share their generatins f knwledge abut snw geese and their views n what shuld be dne. “The cmmunity had cncerns abut cntrlling the ppulatin，” says Rn Ningengan, a cmmunity fficer fr the Kivalliq Inuit Assciatin in Cral Harbur, “and Inuit snw gse knwledge had never been recrded.Peple wanted t pass n what they knew.”
The Inuit experts rejected the idea f a cull(选择性宰杀)，cnsidering it wasteful f the geese and unnecessary fr the envirnment in general, but felt that hunting mre geese in an rganized way—fr instance, paying lcal hunters a minimum amunt f mney and distributing the birds t disadvantaged families r perating a limited cmmercial hunt that wuld emply lcal peple—wuld be apprpriate.
The Inuit say that while there may be t many snw geese in sme areas, it's nt a crisis. Bilgists nw generally agree that there seem t be plenty f undamaged marshes available and newer research shws that sme damaged areas can recver.
Cnservatin planners fr the three migratry bird reserves in the area will use the study's recmmendatins, which is an excellent example f hw indigenus (土著的) knwledge can strengthen wildlife management Jhnsn says.
“Nw that we have recrded and dcumented Inuit knwledge f snw geese，”says Ningengan. “when facing the crisis again, ther peple will be able t use the infrmatin t help manage the species, which is fundamental t dealing with it effectively.”
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍猎获雪雁给生态系统带来的危机以及因纽特人是如何加强野生动物管理的。
4．Why did the federal gvernment lsen restrictins n snw gse hunting?
A．T create mre marshes.
B．T prtect ecsystem.
C．T make mre prfits.
D．T wipe ut the hungry birds.
B [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“wildlife bilgists saw this as an envirnmental crisis, pinting t marshes (沼泽地) where plants were eaten by the hungry birds, and the federal gvernment respnded by lsening restrictins n snw gse hunting(野生动物生物学家认为这是一场环境危机，他们指出沼泽地里的植物被饥饿的鸟类吃掉了，联邦政府对此的反应是放松对猎雪雁的限制)”可知，联邦政府要限制猎雪雁是为了保护生态系统。故选B项。]
5．Which f the fllwing might Inuit wildlife experts agree n?
A．Regarding t many snw geese as a crisis.
B．Never rganizing largescale cmmercial hunts.
C．Emplying pr families t hunt mre snw geese.
D．Using snw gse hunting t man's best advantage.
D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“hunting mre geese in an rganized way—fr instance, paying lcal hunters a minimum amunt f mney and distributing the birds t disadvantaged families r perating a limited cmmercial hunt that wuld emply lcal peple—wuld be apprpriate(以一种有组织的方式来猎杀更多的雪雁——例如，付给当地猎人最少的钱，并将这些雪雁分配给贫困家庭，或者通过雇佣当地居民来进行有限的商业捕猎——都是合适的)”可知，因纽特野生动物专家会同意“利用雪雁狩猎为人类带来最大的好处”。故选D项。]
6．What d bilgists think abut the marshes' future at present?
A．It's unpredictable.
B．It's hard t get better.
C．It's t discuraging.
D．It's a bit prmising.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Bilgists nw generally agree that there seem t be plenty f undamaged marshes available and newer research shws that sme damaged areas can recver.(生物学家现在普遍认为，似乎有大量未受损害的沼泽可以利用，最新的研究表明，一些受损地区可以恢复。)”可知，目前生物学家认为沼泽的未来有点希望。故选D项。]
7．What des the underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refer t?
A．The crisis.
B．The species.
C．Inuit knwledge.
D．Inuit research.
A [代词指示题。根据文章首段中的“as an envirnmental crisis”，画线词it所在句子中提到的“when facing the crisis”，再结合该词前的dealing with“处理”可知，it指代的是“危机”。故选A项。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2020·凤城第二次模拟)Everyne is aware that taking gd care f ur bdies can prevent many medical prblems frm ccurring later. Hwever, we ften have less awareness f preventative actins we shuld take t help with mental health prblems. While ur mental health may be fine right nw, many f us will struggle at sme pint. __1__ It's impssible t get thrugh life withut challenges, but ur mental health preventin habits can help us get thrugh difficult times. __2__
Keep active. The mre active yu physically, mentally and scially are, the higher the level f yur mental wellness is likely t be. S g fr walks and learn smething new. There are many ther ways t be active. __3__
Be cnnected.Regular invlvement in scial activities with supprtive friends and family imprves yur ability t handle disappintments, and everything else life thrws at yu. __4__ But yu can be invlved in any manner; even vlunteering fr an rganizatin can help yu be mre scial.
__5__ The nature f these activities varies widely frm persn t persn. The key is t identify what gives yur life meaning. Vlunteering, caching, teaching, etc.all can cntribute t increasing yur sense f cnfidence and satisfactin with life. Many activities can address mre than ne. The key is t make a plan and stick with it. If yu are already struggling, begin t practice these ways t help yur recvery.
A．Here are three practical steps.
B．Hwever, gd mental health is imprtant.
C．Stresses, disappintments and disasters happen.
D．Overcme life's challenges befre they happen.
E．Be cmmitted t activities that give life meaning.
F．The key is t find what keeps yu mtivated and interested.
G．This can be difficult when yu mve t a new twn r as yu get lder.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。每个人都知道，照顾好我们的身体可以防止许多医疗问题的发生。生活中不可能没有挑战，但是我们的心理健康预防习惯可以帮助我们度过困难时期。文章介绍了三个实用的方式。
1．C [上文提示“虽然我们的心理健康现在可能很好，但我们中的许多人都会在某种情况下挣扎。”再根据下文提示“生活中不可能没有挑战，但是我们的心理健康预防习惯可以帮助我们度过困难时期。”承接上下文，C项Stresses, disappintments and disasters happen.(压力、失望和灾难总会发生。)承上启下。故选C。]
2．A [上文提示“生活中不可能没有挑战，但是我们的心理健康预防习惯可以帮助我们度过困难时期。”再根据下面三段内容， A项Here are three practical steps.(这里有三个实用的步骤。)承上启下。故选A。]
3．F [上文提示“有很多其他的活跃方式。”承接上文，F项The key is t find what keeps yu mtivated and interested.(关键是找到让你保持动力和兴趣的东西。)切题。故选F。]
4．G [上文提示“经常和支持你的朋友和家人一起参加社交活动，可以提高你处理失望和生活中其他事情的能力。”再根据下文提示“但你可以以任何方式参与其中；即使是为一个组织做志愿者也能帮助你更加社会化。”承接上下文，G项This can be difficult when yu mve t a new twn r as yu get lder.(当你搬到一个新的城镇或随着年龄的增长，这可能会很困难。)切题。该项中的this指的是上文内容；而下文中的But与该项构成转折。故选G。]
5．E [下文提示“这些活动的性质因人而异。”承接下文，E项Be cmmitted t activities that give life meaning.(致力于那些赋予生活意义的活动。)切题。故选E。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·黄冈冲刺卷)China is cnsidered the hme f tea. Chinese tea had begun t be exprted t Japan and Krea befre the Tang Dynasty (618－907). In the early perid f the 17th century, Chinese tea 1.________ (exprt) t Eurpe. The tea frm China is in great abundance and variety. T tell if a pt f tea is nice yu can mainly rely 2.________ the clr, smell, taste and frm.
One f China's six famus tea types is white tea, 3.________ gets its name frm its silverwhite clr. It 4.________ (be) mainly grwn and prduced in Fujian and Taiwan prvinces with a lng histry, dating back t Nrthern Sng Dynasty (960－1127) in ancient China. Cmpared with ther majr types f tea, it distinguishes itself by 5.________ (it) refreshingly sweet taste and beautiful silverneedlelike shape, thus 6.________ (enjy) great ppularity amng tea 7.________ (drink). In additin, the lnger it is preserved, the better healthbuilding effects it has. 8.________ (amazing), it has been prved that if drunk regularly, white tea will greatly benefit peple's physical and mental health. This is because it can nt nly prtect peple frm being 9.________ (strike) by sme cmmn diseases, 10.________ als can effectively relieve symptms.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的茶历史，以及中国六大名茶之一的白茶和白茶有益健康。
1．was exprted [考查动词时态及语态。句意：17世纪初期，中国的茶叶出口到欧洲。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动，且根据上文“In the early perid f the 17th century”可知应用一般过去时，主语为tea，故填was exprted。]
2．n [考查固定短语。句意：要判断一壶茶好不好，主要看它的色、香、味、形。固定短语rely n“依赖；依靠”，故填n。]
3．which [考查定语从句。句意：中国六大名茶之一的白茶，因其银白色而得名。本句为定语从句修饰先行词white tea，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。]
4．is [考查动词时态。句意： 它主要生长在福建和台湾地区，历史悠久，可以追溯到中国古代北宋(960－1127)。根据下文“grwn and prduced”可知为被动语态，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，故填is。]
5．its [考查代词。句意：与其他主要品种的茶叶相比，它的特点是清甜可口，形状像银针，深受饮茶者的喜爱。此处修饰名词短语sweet taste应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。]
6．enjying [考查非谓语动词。本句中两个句子的主语为同一主语故可用thus/thereby＋ing (现在分词)引导短语，作结果状语，前面句子表示原因，后面的分词短语表示结果，故填enjying。]
7．drinkers [考查名词的数。结合句意可知表示“饮茶者”应用drinker。且drinker为可数名词，此处数量大于一应用复数形式，故填drinkers。]
8．Amazingly [考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，事实证明，经常喝白茶对人的身心健康大有裨益。修饰下文整个句子应用副词，故填Amazingly。]
9．struck/stricken [考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为它不仅可以保护人们免受一些常见疾病的侵袭，还可以有效缓解症状。strike在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语peple构成被动，且结合上文frm being可知为being dne结构，故填struck/stricken。]
10．but [考查固定句式。固定句式nt als...“不仅……而且……”，故填but。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·北海模拟)One cld evening during the hliday seasn, a little by abut six r seven was standing in the frnt f a stre windw. The little child had n shes and his clthes are just rags. A yung wman passes by saw the little by and culd read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She tk the child by the hand and led him int the stre. There she bught her sme new shes and a cmplete suit f warmly clthing. They walked back int the street, s the wman tld the child t g hme and has a happy hliday. The little by lked her and asked hw she was Gd.She smiled and replied that she was just ne f his child.
[答案]
One cld evening during the hliday seasn, a little by abut six r seven was standing in eq \(the,＼) frnt f a stre windw. The little child had n shes and his clthes eq \f(are,were) just rags. A yung wman eq \f(passes,passing) by saw the little by and culd read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She tk the child by the hand and led him int the stre. There she bught eq \f(her,him) sme new shes and a cmplete suit f eq \f(warmly,warm) clthing. They walked back int the street, eq \f(s,and) the wman tld the child t g hme and eq \f(has,have) a happy hliday. The little by lked eq \(∧,\s\d14(at)) her and asked eq \f(hw,whether) she was Gd.She smiled and replied that she was just ne f his eq \f(child,children).
Ⅴ.书面表达
(2020·临沂诊断性考试)假定你是李华，外教Smith先生下周即将来你班任教。请你用英语写一封电子邮件向他介绍你班的基本情况，内容包括：
1．班级人数；
2．英语学习的现状；
3．大家对他教学的建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr Smith，
I'm Li Hua, a student frm Class 1, Grade 3.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
We are lking frward t yur cming!
Yurs，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear_Mr_Smith，
I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_frm_Class_1,_Grade_3. I'm glad t hear yu will cme t teach us. I will give a brief intrductin f ur class t yu.
There are 60 students in ur class, including 36 bys and 24 girls. Mst f us are fnd f studying English, but the abilities f listening and speaking are relatively weak, especially when cmmunicating with freigners. Althugh the academic atmsphere is great, we always can't get gd grades.
We hpe yu will give us mre pprtunities t express urselves in English and enjy mre English vides in class. In additin, if a variety f English activities, such as English shrt plays and English speech cntests, can be held regularly, ur English will imprve greatly.
We_are_lking_frward_t_yur_cming!
Yurs,_
Li_Hua
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