九大状语从句及其引导词详解-2022届高三英语一轮复习素材

这是一份九大状语从句及其引导词详解-2022届高三英语一轮复习素材，共9页。试卷主要包含了 时间状语从句， 条件状语从句， 原因状语从句， 目的状语从句， 结果状语从句， 比较状语从句， 地点状语从句， 方式状语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。

九大状语从句引导词
状语从句：在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句根据它表示的意思的不同可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、让步、比较（或方式）和条件等类。
1. 时间状语从句
由when(当…时候), while(当…时候), as(随着), the mment(一…就…), the minute(一…就…), whenever(无论何时), befre(在…之前), after(在…之后), till(until) (到…为止), since(自从), as sn as(一….就…)等连词引导,如:
I will g ut fr a walk if it desn’t rain tmrrw .
如果明天不下雨,我就去散步.
Yu must lk left and right when yu crss the crssing .
当你过十字路口时,一定要左右看.
Ask him t give me a call as sn as he cmes back .
他一回来就让他给我打电话.
2. 条件状语从句
由if(如果), unless(除非), as lng as(只要), in case(万一) , if nly(要是…多好), prvided that(假如)等引导,如;
I’ll shw yu arund the city if I am free tmrrw .
如果明天我有空的话就带你到处看看.
3. 原因状语从句
由because(因为), as(因为), since(既然), fr(因为)等引导,如:
He was absent yesterday because he was ill.
因为他病了,所以昨天缺席了.
As it was already dark, they decided t stay in the twn fr the night .
因为天已经黑了,所以他们决定今晚待在城里.
4. 目的状语从句
由s that(目的是,以便于),in rder that(目的是,以便于), in case(万一)等引导,如:
He gt up early s that he culd catch the early train.
他起得早目的是赶早车.
He studied hard in rder that he might succeed .
他努力学习为了取得成功.
5. 结果状语从句
由s…that(如此…以至于…),such…that(如此…以至于…)等引导,如:
The film is s interesting that everyne likes t see it again .
这个电影如此有趣,以至于每个人都想再看一遍.
6. 比较状语从句
由than(比….), as…as(和…一样), nt as(s)…as(和….不一样), the（＋比较级）…the（＋比较级）(越…..越….)等引导,如:
Tday is nt as warm as yesterday.
今天不像昨天一样暖和.
7. 地点状语从句
由where(在哪) 和wherever(无论在哪)等引导,如:
He fllws her wherever she ges .
无论她去哪儿他都跟着去.
8. 方式状语从句
由as(按照),as if(好像) 等引导, As if 引导的从句的时态要用过去时（虚拟语气）。如:
Please d as I d .
请按照我做的做.
He tells me the whle thing as if he knew everything .
他告诉我全部好像他知道一切.
9. 让步状语从句
由thugh(尽管), althugh(尽管), even if(即使), even thugh(即使), hwever(无论怎样), whatever(无论什么), n matter wh(无论谁)等引导,如:
Althugh he has failed many times, he desn’t give up trying .
尽管他失败很多次,他还是没有放弃尝试.
时间状语 从句
一、状语从句的概述
（一）状语从句的含义：一个句子作状语。什么是状语呢？“不可名状”状指描述的意思。故状语就是表示描述性的信息。
（二）状语从句的写法
主句 + 从属连词+完整的陈述句。从属连词后面的句子是完整的句子不缺成分，从属连词指表示描述清楚逻辑关系，不作成分。
例如:When the United States built its industrial infrastructure,it didn't have the capital t d s.
When 表示当xx时候。
We did nt evlve,because machines and sciety did it fr us.
because 表示原因的逻辑关系。
（三）状语从句的位置
因为状语从句为主句服务，故状语从句可放在句首/句末/句中。
例如:As the ecnmy picks up,pprtunities will abund fr aspiring leaders.
As the ecnmy picks up放在主句的前面。
Opprtunities will abund fr aspinng leaders, as the ecnmy picks up.
as the ecnmy picks up放在主句的后面。
Opprtunities，as the ecnmy picks up，will abund fr aspinng leaders.
as the ecnmy picks up放在句子中间。注意：插入句中一般放在主谓之间。这种不推荐自己书写时使用。但是要注意在翻译和阅读题目中要出现，用来提升试题难度。
二、状语从句的分类
从写法上来推测分类。从属连词表示什么逻辑关系，那么就叫什么状语从句。例如上面的because表示原因的逻辑关系，故该状语从句叫原因状语从句。只关心从属连词的逻辑关系就可以分清状语从句了。
分为9类：时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式。
最常用的是5中：条件、让步、时间、结果、原因
（一）时间状语从句
就是在完整陈述句前加表示时间的从属连词就构成了时间状语从句。
例如：用when作从属连词
But in sme cases,ne marketer's wned media becme anther marketer's paid media-fr instance,when an e-cmmerce retailer sells ad space n its Web site.
用while作从属连词
In 1995 the United States can lk back n five years f slid grwth while Japan has been struggiling.
用as作从属连词
As the brain fades,we refer t these ccurrences as "senir mments."
用befre作从属连词
Carter sifted thrugh rubble in the Valley f the Kings fr seven years befre he lcated the tmb in 1922.
after作从属连词
Witness payments became an issue after West was sentenced t 10 life sentences in 1995.
since作从属连词
And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995,cmpetitin fr gamblers' dllars has becme intense.
until作从属连词
Grammar,punctuatin,and spelling can wait until yu revise.
As sn as作从属连词，后面要接句子。as sn as A，B。A一就B的意思
As sn as that reprt runs, we'll suddenly get 500 new internet sign-ups frm Ukraine ...
by the time,截止到xx时候。作从属连词（用法比较少）each time等都可以哦
... by the time 100 percent f the evidence is in it may be t late.
地点、原因、结果、目的状语从句
一、地点状语从句（不重要）连接词会一个where就可以了。
例如："The traditinal rule was it's safer t stay where yu are.but that's been fundamemntally inverted,says ne headhunter."
注意：stay是一个不及物动词，故后面接的不是宾语从句，是地点状语从句。
二、原因状语从句（重点）
连接词：because、since、as
例如：Our legal system was designed t set law apart frm plitics precisely because they are s clsely tied.
Since desire and will are damaged by the presence f thughts that d nt accrd with desire.Allen cncluded:"We d nt attract what we want,but what we are."
Nw utpia has grwn unfashinable,as we have gained a deeper appreciatin f the range f threats facing us...
这里面的because、since、as都表示原因。
除此外还有：nw that它表示显而易见。即显而易见的原因。
例如：Nw that yu have develped a tpic int a tentative thesis,yu can assemble yur ntes and begin t flesh ut whatever utline yu have made.
三、结果状语从句（重点）
连接词组： 、 --太...所以...
such接名词和名词词组，s接形容词和副词。
例如：Indeed,hmelessness has reached such prprtins that lcal gvernments can't pssibly cpe.
We define such sld media as wned media whse traffic is s strng that ther rganizatins place their cntent r e-cmmerce engines within that envirnment.
prprtins名词，故前面用such。strng形容词，故前面用s。
注意：s that有连在一起用的。表示：所以和s差不多的意思。
例如：Transitins shuld cnnect paragraph t the next s that there are n abrupt r cnfusing shifts.
四、目的状语从句（简单了解）
两个词组：s that如果有情态动词则表示目的，即接目的状语从句。没有情态动词就表示结果，即接结果状语从句。另一个词组是：in rder that
例如：In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cmmissin (FTC) prpsed adding a "d nt track"(DNT) ptin t internet brwsers,s that users culd tell advertisers that they did nt want t be fllwed.
s that ... culd ...有情态动词culd，故该连接词连接的是目的状语从句。
条件、让步、比较、方式状语从句
一、条件状语从句（重点）
关联词：if 、as……lng……as、nce
例如：If the study f law is beginning t establish itself as part and parcel f a general educatin, its aims and methds shuld appeal directly t jurnalism educatrs.
if引出条件状语从句（he study f law is beginning t establish itself as part and parcel f a general educatin,）。表示如果……（假如……）
Once a discvery claim becmes public,the discverer receives intellectual credit.
nce引出条件状语从句（a discvery claim becmes public）。表示一旦……
If yu're a physician,yu can risk yur patient's suicide as lng as yu dn't intend their suicide.
if引出条件状语从句（yu're a physician,）。表示如果……
as lng as 引出状语从句。表示但是……
二、让步状语从句（重点）
注意：让步状语从句不好理解，大家要注意哦!!表面上表示退一步，但是是为了进一步。即以退为进。
关联词：thugh、althugh、 even if、even thugh表示尽管……但是……
只是句子的一半，表面上表示让步，但是暗含转折。翻译成：尽管……/虽然……。后面省略了但是。
例如：
Althugh sadness als precedes tears,evidence suggests that emtins can flw frm muscular respnses.
althugh表示尽管……引出让步状语从句（sadness als precedes tears,）。
After all, it has an ad business t, which it says will cmply with DNT requests,thugh it is still wrking ut hw.
thugh 引出让步状语从句（it is still wrking ut hw.）。
The defining term f intelligence in humans still seems t be the IQ scre, even thugh IQ tests are nt given as ften as they used t be.
even thugh 引出让步状语从句（IQ tests are nt given as ften as they used t be）。
While the quality f legal jurnalism varies greatly,there is an undue reliance amngst many jurnalists n interpretatins supplied t them by lawyers.
注意：这里是用while引出的让步状语从句（the quality f legal jurnalism varies greatly,），表示尽管...。
它在考试中用得比较少，简单了解就行了。
三、比较状语从句（不重要，能辨认出来就行了）
一个句子表示比较的对象，直接引到形容词/副词比较级。
例如：Rich ecnmies are als less dependent n il than they were , ...
than 引出比较状语从句（they were，）
In the general ppulatin tday, at this genetic, envirnmental level, we've pretty much gne as far as we can g , ...
后一个as引出比较状语从句（we can g，）
四、方式状语从句（用得非常少）
用as 、 as if 引导。
例如：During mst f his walking life he will take his cde fr granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.
as引出方式状语从句（ the businessman takes his ethics.）
Beethven's music tends t mve frm chas t rder as if rder were an imperative f human existence.
as if 引出方式状语从句（rder were an imperative f human existence.）表示似乎/好像...
状语从句中的连接词as一定要注意。太特别了，有四个意思：
1、“当时候”引出时间状语从句。
2、“因为”引出原因状语从句。
3、“和相比较”引出比较状语从句。
4、“按照方式”“如同”引出方式状语从句。
5、“尽管”引出让步状语从句。
前两个最常用。
注意：如果用as引导的且后面是一个完整的陈述句，那么这个就是状语从句的连接词，至于是什么状语从句，可以根据上下文来判断是什么状语从句。如果as后面的句子缺成分，那么是引出的定语从句。