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2020-2021学年湖北省武汉市高三（上）期中英语试卷人教版
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这是一份2020-2021学年湖北省武汉市高三（上）期中英语试卷人教版，共10页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 37， _______等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2020-2021学年湖北省武汉市高三（上）期中英语试卷
第二部分：阅读（共两节； 满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题； 每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. Being a teenager is no cakewalk. Like the characters in these books, teens might also be mourning a first big loss, getting a handle on shifting mental health, or feeling isolated from peers. These inspiring books help them promote positive thinking.
10 Things I Can See from Here by Carrie Mac
Maeve experiences severe anxiety, so much of her headspace is devoted to imagining worst﹣case scenes. Her troubles are worsened when she's sent to live with her dad（an alcoholic）, pregnant stepmom, and twin stepbrothers in Vancouver ﹣ a situation with a whole new set of stressors. Maeve has a lot on her plate, but she's also determined to show up for the people in her life.
Dancing at the Pity Party by Tyler Feder
Tyler Feder was in college when she lost her mother to cancer. In this bittersweet memoir, Feder celebrates her mother's life and also recounts the long and ongoing journey of grief ﹣ from the first physician appointments to sitting the funeral ﹣ and trying to create some resemblance among peers who just didn't get it. Sincere and often humorous, Feder's perspective is related to teens who've experienced grief and valuable for anyone navigating a difficult experience.
Born a Crime by Trevor Noah
Trevor Noah records his coming﹣of﹣age in South Africa under and after racial separation. Born to a white father and black mother（a union punishable by law）, Noah was kept mostly hidden indoors during his early childhood. How the future Daily Show host maintained his wisdom and adaptability in a country enduring the aftershocks of colonialism（殖民政策） and survived typical teen dangers of, say, dating in high school ﹣ are the subject of this celebrated bestseller.
Take in the Good by Gina Biegel, illustrated by Breanna Chambers
Building on research in the brain's negative preference, Gina Biegel offers an activity journal with art projects, writing instructions, and exercises to help teenagers "take in the good" ﹣ that is, retrain their brains to remember positive experiences in order to inspire confidence and calm amid a stressful world.
（1）What is the shared theme of the recommended books？________
A.Dealing with anxiety. B.Thinking positively.
C.Associating with peers. D.Braving disease.．
（2）Which book is a fiction？________
A.10 Things I Can See from Here B.Dancing at the Pity Party
C.Born a Crime D.Take in the Good．
（3）Who turns out a success in TV industry despite a tragic childhood？________
A.Carrie Mac B.Tyler Feder C.Trevor Noah D.Gina Biegel．
2. It's been less than a month since Arnold, a Texas high school student, was forbidden from going to the prom and graduation unless he cut his hair. As his story spread on social media, celebrities and activists came to Arnold's defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school's hair discrimination. Now, in a significant turn of events, he's proudly wearing his own hair﹣style at the 2020 Oscars.
Arnold and his mother were invited to attend as the guests of director Matthew A. Cherry, who won the award for Best Animated Short Film for Hair Love tonight. Fittingly, the short film tells the story of a Black father learning to style his daughter's natural hair.
Arnold told us he couldn't wait to walk the red carpet with the Hair Love team. "I'm so grateful. I never expected any of this, " Arnold says. "The message of that movie and my message go together so well. I think it's really amazing how they reached out to me and how we can fight ________ together."
Together, Cherry and Arnold are advocating for the nationwide passage of The CROWN Act, which is the law authored by California Senator Holly J. Mitchell that makes it illegal to discriminate against Black people for wearing their natural hair in the workplace or at school. Currently the Act has only been passed in New Jersey, California, and New York.
Arnold has also received the support of celebrities, including Ellen DeGeneres, who invited him to appear on her daytime show and surprised him with a ＄20, 000 scholarship from Alicia Keys. Arnold says the scholarship will help him pursue his dream of becoming a veterinarian. Arnold tells us. "The most exciting thing is seeing all the people that are on my side. I thought it would be a lot more hate than support." Tonight, Arnold is looking forward to sharing his story on a massive platform. "As teenagers, we have a voice and we're the future, " he says. "I want more cultural acceptance. If there's any other situation that I feel like I need to stand up for, I would do that in a heartbeat."
（1）What happened to Arnold not long ago？________
A.He played a role in a short film.
B.He managed to apply for a scholarship.
C.He dropped out of school owing to his hair.
D.He was not allowed to attend some school activities.．
（2）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？________
A.Violence. B.Discrimination. C.Panic. D.Starvation.．
（3）What do we know from the passage？________
A.Hair Love was based on Arnold's experiences.
B.Alicia Keys shaped Arnold's cultural acceptance.
C.Mitchell had been punished for wearing natural hair.
D.The CROWN Act has not been adopted nationwide.．
（4）What's the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？________
A.To share a teenager's story.
B.To advocate the passage of an act.
C.To introduce an Oscar﹣winning film.
D.To express his dissatisfaction with society.．
3. A doctor named Chepurnov from Siberia conducted a controversial coronavirus immunity test after surviving COVID﹣19 in March. The 68﹣year﹣old Russian doctor spent time with coronavirus﹣positive patients without wearing a mask to see if he could get a second COVID﹣19 infection. The doctor was infected a second time and experienced a worse COVID﹣19 case than he had previously.
This unusual coronavirus immunity test can easily be filed under the "only in Russia" section of COVID﹣19 news. Only in Russia was a coronavirus vaccine approved for mass use before any scientific research was shared with the world and before the drug cleared the Phase 3 trial. The story gets even crazier, considering the doctor's age. At 68﹣years﹣old, Alexander Chepurnov happens to be the kind of COVID﹣19 patient most at risk of developing a severe case.
Even so, Chepurnov's controversial experiment isn't without worth. It's certainly the kind of experiment that others wouldn't necessarily approve of, especially in western countries. But it's the kind of experiment that can yield results ﹣ and Chepurnov did get his wish. He was reinfected with COVID﹣19 within six months from the first bout. Chepurnov and his research team started to monitor his antibodies. He discovered that they vanished after three months. "The observation showed a fairly rapid decrease, " he told the paper. "By the end of the third month from the start of the disease, ________ ceased to be determined." This falls in line with other studies about COVID﹣19 antibody life.
Chepurnov's story also seems to fall in line with other studies that say immunity can last for at least 5﹣7 months. The story also proves that immunity lasts even after the antibodies are gone and suggests that other immune system components are indeed involved in providing prolonged protection. Others theorized that T cells would extend immunity beyond the life of the first batch of antibodies. Chepurnov's empirical findings are also important for vaccine research. If immunity lasts less than a year, more booster shots（加强针剂） might be needed after the initial doses.
But Newsweek points out a problem with the experiment. Because his first case of COVID﹣19 hasn't been diagnosed via a PCR test. Also, Chepurnov's experiment hasn't been published in a scientific journal, and it's unclear what scientific rigors were applied. Still, if his findings are accurate, Chepurnov is actually right to warn against using a herd immunity approach to beat the pandemic.
（1）Why is Chepurnovs experiment considered controversial？________
A.Its not effective.
B.Its too dangerous.
C.Its disapproved of by Russia.
D.Its not diagnosed via a PCR test.．
（2）What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to？________
A.diseases B.viruses C.antibodies D.results．
（3）What is the finding of Chepurnovs experim ent？________
A.COVID﹣19 immunity lasts permanently in ones body.
B.The longevity of COVID﹣19 antibodies is about 3 months.
C.Old patients are most at risk of developing a severe COVID﹣19.
D.Vaccination can protect one from being infected with coronaviruses.．
（4）Whats the main idea of the passage？________
A.Siberia is a unique place for treating COVID﹣19 patients.
B.Newsweek found the evidence against herd immunity to COVID﹣19.
C.Researches showed humans produce antibodies if infected with coronaviruses.
D.A controversial experiment on coronavirus immunity was conducted in Russia.．
4. "A CAREER BOOK about Asians? Aren't they doing fine…? " So begins Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling, a very large scholarly book by Jane Hyun published in 2005. Because Asian﹣Americans had higher incomes and education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average countrymen, they were seen as a model minority. Despite this, they rarely rose to the top of companies. A mix of individual, cultural and organizational barriers ﹣ the "bamboo ceiling" of the book's title ﹣ seemed to prohibit them from rising.
Fifteen years later Asians are still ________ In the technology sectors, Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of bosses. In 2017 Asians made up roughly 6% of the country's population but only 3% of the bosses of S&P 500（标准普尔 500 指数） firms.
Some prominent Asians run big companies. Arvind Krishna is IBM's new boss. Satya Nadella runs Microsoft and Sundar Pichai leads Alphabet. But few other Asians have joined their ranks ﹣ and, revealingly, these stars all have Indian roots. There are fewer South Asians in America than East Asians, but they still made up 13 of all 16 Asian S&P 500 CEOs.
Why are there so few Asians among America's business elite（精英）? And if a bamboo ceiling is to blame, why do South Asians break through more easily? These questions are the focus of a study by Jackson Lu of MIT Sloan School of Management and colleagues, who surveyed hundreds of senior executives and business﹣school students. They found that while discrimination exists, it is not destiny（命中注定）. South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians but still outperform even whites（if success is weighed against share of population）. Their research also rules out lack of ambition: a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high﹣status jobs.
That leaves culture. The researchers conclude that South Asians tend to be more determined and confident than East Asians in how they communicate at work, which fits Western concepts of how a leader should behave. The same tendency for confident remarks featured in "The Argumentative Indian", a book by Amartya Sen, a Nobel﹣prize winning economist. The researchers owe East Asians' silence to Confucian values of modesty and respect for social ranking. Sometimes bravery and bombast（夸大的言辞）are needed to break bamboo.
（1）What does "bamboo ceiling" refer to？________
A.．
B.A roof made of bamboo typical of Asian buildings.
C.Promotion obstacles facing Asian employees in America.
D.The invisible discrimination against Asians in the US
（2）What does "under﹣represented" in Paragraph 2 mean？________
A.Lacking representatives. B.Hard to show their talents.
C.Being underestimated. D.Unable to land a job.．
（3）According to Jackson Lu， what mainly accounts for fewer promotions of East Asians than South Asians？________
A.A small population. B.Discrimination.
C.Lack of ambition. D.Culture.．
（4）Why do South Asians succeed in American business more easily？________
A.Western people prefer modesty to confidence in communication.
B.The confidence they demonstrate consists with Western leadership.
C.They endure greater racism and become more ambitious.
D.Their ambition urges them to endeavor for high﹣status jobs.．
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分， 满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Quantum Communication （量子通信） ﹣ Cutting﹣edge Technology
What is quantum communication？ The scientific world defines it as a "method of communication using quantum effects on communications cycles." （1）_______This technology has grown originally from encrypted messaging， and is virtually unbreakable.
You might ask： How are messages sent by quantum encryption safer？ It is because particles of light cannot be divided. An eavesdropper （窃听者） cannot divide a particle of light into two parts， nor can a message in a particle of light be read by a third party or transmitted elsewhere. （2）_______ So quantum physics can protect such secret codes， as they can neither be intercepted （窃听） nor cracked.
Now you can appreciate the unlimited power of quantum communication. （3）_______And it has achieved results attracting world attention. Among these achievements is the immortal work of Pan Jianwei，China's youngest academician.
The fruit of Academician Pans scientific research into quantum communication was chosen as one of "Ten Worldwide Science and Technology Advances" in 1997. （4）_______
On Aug.16，2016，China launched a quantum communication satellite it had developed and built itself，making China one of the quantum﹣communication﹣producing countries. There are many applications for quantum communication﹣﹣military， defense， data encryption， telecommunications， insurance， securities，industry and finance. （5）_______ Quantum communication is a powerful promoter of the continuous advance of science and technology worldwide.
A.They all need this kind of advanced technology.
B.Such message may be detected， but it cannot be understood.
C.Simply put， it is a method of encrypted（加密的）communication.
D.Is it so miraculous？ If you don't believe it， let us tell you a story.
E.China has poured a huge amount of effort into research in this field.
F.His research put China in the leading place in the world in quantum communication.
G.Many Chinese scientists have devoted themselves wholeheartedly to making great contributions.
第三部分语言运用（共两节； 满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分）阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
To a large degree, the measure of our peace of mind is determined by how much we are able to live in the present moment rather than yesterday or tomorrow. However, many of us are spending much of our lives（1）_______about a variety of things. We allow past problems and future concerns to（2）_______ our present moments, so much so that we（3）_______ frustrated and depressed.
On the other side, we also（4）_______our gratification（满足感） and our happiness, often（5）_______ourselves that "someday" will be better than today. But the truth is that such a "someday" never（6）_______ arrives.
John Lennon once said, "Life is what's happening（7）_______ we're busy making other plans." When we're busy making "other plans", the people we love are moving away and dying, our bodies are getting out of（8）_______, and our dreams are slipping away.（9）_______, we missed out on life. Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal for some（10）_______date. It isn't. In fact, no one has a（11）_______that he or she will be here tomorrow. Now is the only time we have, and the only time that we have any（12）_______ over. When our attention is in the（13）_______ moment, we push fear from our minds.
Fear is the concern over events that might happen in the future. To fight it, the best（14）_______is to learn to bring your attention back to the here and now. Keep practicing. Your efforts will（15）_______in time.
（1）
A.worrying B.. working C.. thinking D.. dreaming
（2）
A.promote B.. dominate C.. prevent D.. explore
（3）
A.end up B.. grow up C.. turn up D.. block up
（4）
A.accumulate B.. advance C.. forget D.. postpone
（5）
A.encouraging B.. congratulating C.. doubting D.. convincing
（6）
A.hastily B.. hopefully C.. actually D.. thankfully
（7）
A.after B.. before C.. until D.. while
（8）
A.order B.. shape C.. mind D.. date
（9）
A.In addition B.. In contrast C.. In general D.. In short
（10）
A.later B.. earlier C.. better D.. worse
（11）
A.response B.. demand C.. guarantee D.. resolve
（12）
A.advantage B.. concern C.. control D.. victory
（13）
A.present B.. precious C.. distant D.. awkward
（14）
A.lesson B.. promise C.. strategy D.. reference
（15）
A.build up B.. pay off C.. go away D.. add up
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hand﹣washing is one of the simplest and the most（1）________（effect） ways to prevent the spread of COVID﹣19. And yet， some people still fail（2）________（wash） their hands effectively. However，there is one last procedure that might save the day﹣（3）________ they dry their hands.
Scientists from the University of Leeds，UK，found that both paper towels and jet air hand dryers﹣ the two main ways people dry their hands in public toilets ﹣ can significantly reduce virus（4）________（pollute）. But there is still a big difference between the two. In their study，scientists contaminated the hands of participants with a harmless virus. To simulate（模拟）poorly washed hands，participants（5）________（ask）not to wash them at all before（6）________ wiping them with paper towels or putting them under a hand dryer. Scientists then tested surfaces（7）________ the participants touched afterward ﹣ doors， elevator buttons and phones，for example. They found that on 10 out of 11 surfaces，the contamination was much heavier after（8）________（touch） by a blow﹣dried hand than a（9）________（towel﹣wipe） hand.
So the next time you use a public toilet， make sure you dry your hands with a paper towel，（10）________（ideal） after 20 seconds of careful hand﹣washing.
第四部分 写作 （共两节；满分 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分）
你校正在组织英语作文比赛．请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．短文题目和首句已为你写好．
第二节（满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My name is Yoon，a girl who came here from Korea，a country far away. Soon after we settled in America， it was time to celebrate my birthday. I was hoping for a very special present﹣a jump rope. I watched the girls in my school yard turning such a rope and jumping and singing happy songs. I wanted so much to jump and sing with them， the ponytail girl， the golden﹣hair girl and the freckle boy. But I was still the new girl.
On my birthday， my mother handed me a lovely box， inside which was a pale green bracelet. "A jade bracelet，Yoon. My own mother gave me this very bracelet. Now I am giving it to you. A precious gem for a precious daughter." my mother said. "Look， Yoon， here is your Korean name inside." She showed me the dancing symbols that meant Shining Wisdom. I tried to contain my disappointment，I liked the bracelet，but my heart still longed for a jump rope.
At lunch time the next day at school，an older girl from another class sat down beside me. "You are wearing such a pretty bracelet，and you are alone today. I will be your friend. Would you like to play jump rope with me？" But the only thing that she asked me to do was to turn around the rope until I grew tired. "When will I jump？" I asked. "Tomorrow." the older girl said. The bell rang， and she took the rope from me. "I really like your bracelet，" she said. "In America， friends share things， so you should let me wear it." My birthday bracelet？ No， no， I shook my head. But quickly the older girl grabbed the bracelet from me and twisted it onto her own wrist.
The next morning I waited in the school yard for the older girl who was still wearing my jade bracelet. I asked her to give it back to me， but she refused. "Stop bothering me! Don't be a pest!" she pushed me away and laughed.
注意：1．续写词数应为 150 左右；
2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Back in my classroom， I laid my head on my desk._________
As we argued in our teacher's presence， other children in my class gathered around us.______
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021学年湖北省武汉市高三（上）期中英语试卷
第二部分：阅读（共两节； 满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题； 每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1.
【答案】
B
A
C
【考点】
广告布告类阅读
应用文阅读
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本可以帮助青少年积极思考的书籍，介绍了其大概内容和作者等情况。
【解答】
（1）B. 细节理解题。根据第一段中"These inspiring books help them promote positive thinking.（这些鼓舞人心的书籍帮助他们促进积极思考）"可知，推荐书目的共同主题是积极思考。A.Dealing with anxiety处理焦虑；B.Thinking positively积极思考；C.Associating with peers与同伴交往；D.Braving disease不畏疾病。故选B.
（2）A. 推理判断题。根据10 Things I Can See from Here部分中"Maeve experiences severe anxiety， so much of her headspace is devoted to imagining worst﹣case scenes. Her troubles are worsened when she's sent to live with her dad （an alcoholic）， pregnant stepmom， and twin stepbrothers in Vancouver ﹣ a situation with a whole new set of stressors. Maeve has a lot on her plate， but she's also determined to show up for the people in her life.（ Maeve经历了严重的焦虑，所以她的大部分大脑空间都用来想象最糟糕的场景。当她被送到温哥华与她酗酒的父亲、怀孕的继母和双胞胎继兄弟生活在一起时，她的麻烦更加恶化了，这给她带来了全新的压力。Maeve有很多事情要做，但她也决心为她生命中的人展现自己）"可推知，10 Things I Can See from Here主要讲述的是Maeve的故事，是一本小说。故选A.
（3）C. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Trevor Noah records his coming﹣of﹣age in South Africa under and after racial separation. Born to a white father and black mother （a union punishable by law）， Noah was kept mostly hidden indoors during his early childhood. How the future Daily Show host maintained his wisdom and adaptability in a country enduring the aftershocks of colonialism and survived typical teen dangers of， say， dating in high school ﹣ are the subject of this celebrated bestseller.（ Trevor Noah记录了他在南非种族隔离时期和之后的成长经历。诺亚的父亲是白人，母亲是黑人﹣﹣这是一种会受到法律惩罚的结合，在他的童年早期，Noah大部分时间都躲在室内。这位未来的每日节目主持人如何在一个饱受殖民主义余热的国家保持他的智慧和适应能力，如何熬过典型的青少年危险，比如高中约会，是这本著名畅销书的主题）"可知，Trevor Noah虽然童年不幸，但最终在电视行业取得了成功，成为了节目主持人。故选C.
2.
【答案】
D
B
D
A
【考点】
故事类阅读
记叙文阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德克萨斯州的高中生Arnold因为自己的头发而遭到学校的歧视，禁止参加学校活动，后来被社交媒体传播，大家站起来反抗，出现了极大的反转，最终他可以带着自己的头发参加奥斯卡的颁奖礼的故事。
【解答】
（1）D．细节理解题。根据文章第一段"It's been less than a month since Arnold， a Texas high school student， was forbidden from going to the prom and graduation unless he cut his locs." 不到一个月前，德克萨斯州的高中生Arnold被禁止参加舞会和毕业典礼，除非他剪掉头发。由此可知不久前，Arnold被禁止参加一些学校活动，故选D.
（2）B．代词指代题。根据第一段"As his story spread on social media， celebrities and activists came to Arnold's defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school's hair discrimination. Now， in a significant turn of events， he's proudly wearing his own hair﹣style at the 2020 Oscars. " 随着他的故事在社交媒体上传开，名人和活动家们都来为阿诺德辩护，并鼓励他勇敢地面对学校对头发的歧视。现在，事态发生了重大转折，他将骄傲地在2020年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上留着自己的发型。由此可以推断出划线词所在的句子意思是我们如何共同与"对头发的歧视"作斗争，因此this指代的就是歧视，A.Violence暴力；B.Discrimination歧视；C.Panic恐慌；D.Starvation饥饿。故选B.
（3）D．细节理解题。根据文章第四段"Together， Cherry and Arnold are advocating for the nationwide passage of The CROWN Act， which is the law authored by California Senator Holly J. Mitchell that makes it illegal to discriminate against Black people for wearing their natural hair in the workplace or at school. Currently the Act has only been passed in New Jersey， California， and New York. " 切里和阿诺德共同倡导在全国范围内通过《王冠法案》。该法案由加州参议员霍利•米切尔起草，规定歧视在工作场所或学校留自然头发的黑人为非法行为。目前，该法案仅在新泽西州、加利福尼亚州和纽约州获得通过。由此可知《王冠法案》并未在全国范围内采用。故选D.
（4）A．写作意图题。根据第一段"It's been less than a month since Arnold， a Texas high school student， was forbidden from going to the prom and graduation unless he cut his locs. As his story spread on social media， celebrities and activists came to Arnold's defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school's hair discrimination. " 不到一个月前，德克萨斯州的高中生阿诺德被禁止参加舞会和毕业典礼，除非他剪掉自己的头发。随着他的故事在社交媒体上传开，名人和活动家们都来为阿诺德辩护，并鼓励他勇敢地面对学校对头发的歧视。和最后一段"Tonight， Arnold is looking forward to sharing his story on a massive platform. "As teenagers， we have a voice and we're the future，" he says. "I want more cultural acceptance. If there's any other situation that I feel like I need to stand up for， I would do that in a heartbeat." 今晚，阿诺德很期待在一个巨大的平台上分享他的故事。"作为青少年，我们有发言权，我们就是未来，"他说。"我想要更多的文化认同感。如果还有其他我觉得需要站出来支持的情况，我会立刻去做。"由此可知本文是在分享一个青年因为头发遭受歧视而站出来反抗的故事，故选A.
3.
【答案】
B
C
B
D
【考点】
故事类阅读
记叙文阅读
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnov医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试。文章主要介绍了Chepurnov医生开展这项实验的经过，实验关于冠状病毒抗体的一些发现以及这项实验的重要意义。
【解答】
（1）B．推理判断题。根据第一段"A doctor named Chepurnov from Siberia conducted a controversial coronavirus immunity test after surviving COVID﹣19 in March. The 68﹣year﹣old Russian doctor spent time with coronavirus﹣positive patients without wearing a mask to see if he could get a second COVID﹣19 infection. The doctor was infected a second time and experienced a worse COVID﹣19 case than he had previously.（今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnov医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试。这位68岁的俄罗斯医生在不戴口罩的情况下与冠状病毒阳性患者相处，以观察他是否会再次感染COVID﹣19。这名医生第二次感染了新冠肺炎，病情比之前更严重）"可知，Chepurnovs的实验有争议，是因为它太危险了。故选B.
（2）C．代词指代题。根据画线词上文"Chepurnov and his research team started to monitor his antibodies. He discovered that they vanished after three months. "The observation showed a fairly rapid decrease，" he told the paper. "By the end of the third month from the start of the disease…（Chepurnov和他的研究团队开始监测他的抗体。他发现三个月后它们就消失了。"观察显示出抗体迅速下降，"他告诉该报。"在疾病开始后的第三个月末……）"以及后文"ceased to be determined"可知，三个月后抗体就消失了，所以在疾病开始后的第三个月末，不能再检测到抗体了，即they指的是"抗体"。A.diseases疾病；B.viruses病毒；C.antibodies抗体；D.results结果。故选C.
（3）B．细节理解题。根据第三段中"Chepurnov and his research team started to monitor his antibodies. He discovered that they vanished after three months.（ Chepurnov和他的研究团队开始监测他的抗体。他发现三个月后它们就消失了）"以及"This falls in line with other studies about COVID﹣19 antibody life.（这与其他关于COVID﹣19抗体寿命的研究一致）"可知，Chepurnovs的实验发现COVID﹣19抗体的寿命约为3个月。故选B.
（4）D．主旨大意题。根据第一段中"A doctor named Chepurnov from Siberia conducted a controversial coronavirus immunity test after surviving COVID﹣19 in March.（今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnov医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试）"结合文章主要介绍了Chepurnov医生开展这项实验的经过，实验关于冠状病毒抗体的一些发现以及这项实验的重要意义。可知，这篇文章的中心思想是在俄罗斯进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫实验。故选D.
4.
【答案】
C
A
D
B
【考点】
社会文化类阅读
说明文阅读
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章以一本名为《Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling》的书为引入，指出了在美国的亚洲员工面临晋升障碍的社会现象，同时南亚人比东亚人更容易晋升，分析了产生这一现象背后的种种原因。
【解答】
（1）C．细节理解题。根据第一段中"Because Asian﹣Americans had higher incomes and education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average countrymen， they were seen as a model minority. Despite this， they rarely rose to the top of companies. A mix of individual， cultural and organizational barriers ﹣ the "bamboo ceiling" of the book's title ﹣ seemed to prohibit them from rising.（由于亚裔美国人的收入和教育水平更高，犯罪行为也比一般同胞少，他们被视为模范少数族裔。尽管如此，他们很少能升到公司的高层。个人、文化和组织的障碍﹣﹣书名中的"bamboo ceiling"﹣﹣混合在一起，似乎阻止了他们的晋升）"可知，"bamboo ceiling"指的是在美国的亚洲员工面临的晋升障碍。故选C.
（2）A．词义猜测题。根据画线词后文"In the technology sectors， Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of bosses. In 2017 Asians made up roughly 6% of the country's population but only 3% of the bosses of S&P 500 （标准普尔 500 指数） firms.（在科技行业，亚洲人占员工总数的30%以上，但占老板总数的不到15%。2017年，亚洲人约占美国人口的6%，但在标准普尔500指数成分股公司的老板中，亚洲人只占3%）"可知，15年后，亚洲人在行业中仍然没有得到充分的代表，即亚洲人缺乏代表。故画线词意思为"缺乏代表"。A.Lacking representatives缺乏代表；B.Hard to show their talents很难展示才能；C.Being underestimated被低估；D.Unable to land a job不能找到工作。故选A.
（3）D．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中"South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians but still outperform even whites （if success is weighed against share of population）. Their research also rules out lack of ambition： a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high﹣status jobs.（南亚人忍受着比东亚人更严重的种族主义，但表现仍然超过白人﹣﹣如果成功与人口比例相比较的话。他们的研究也排除了缺乏雄心壮志的可能性：努力获得高职位的亚洲人比白人要多）"以及最后一段中"That leaves culture.（这样一来就只剩下文化这种原因）"可推知，根据Jackson Lu的研究，东亚人升职比南亚人少的主要原因是文化。A.A small population少的人口；B.Discrimination歧视；C.Lack of ambition缺少理想；D.Culture文化。故选D.
（4）B．细节理解题。根据最后一段中"The researchers conclude that South Asians tend to be more determined and confident than East Asians in how they communicate at work， which fits Western concepts of how a leader should behave.（研究人员得出的结论是，南亚人在工作中的沟通方式往往比东亚人更有决心和自信，这符合西方关于领导者的行事概念）"可知，南亚人更容易在美国商业中成功，是因为他们表现出的信心与西方领导一致。故选B.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分， 满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】
C,B,E,F,A
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了量子通信这项技术，解释了其工作原理、重要性、参与研发的代表人物和应用情况。
【解答】
（1）C．推理判断题。根据上文"What is quantum communication？ The scientific world defines it as a "method of communication using quantum effects on communications cycles."（什么是量子通信？科学界将其定义为一种"利用通信周期中的量子效应的通信方法"）"以及后文"This technology has grown originally from encrypted messaging， and is virtually unbreakable.（这项技术最初是从加密消息中发展起来的，而且几乎是牢不可破的）"可知，上文主要是在解释说明量子通信的定义，后文则说明了这项技术的发展和特点。故本句应当承接上文继续说明量子通信是什么。故C选项"简单地说，这是一种加密通信的方法"符合语境，故选C.
（2）B．推理判断题。根据上文"You might ask： How are messages sent by quantum encryption safer？ It is because particles of light cannot be divided. An eavesdropper cannot divide a particle of light into two parts， nor can a message in a particle of light be read by a third party or transmitted elsewhere.（你可能会问：通过量子加密发送的消息如何更安全？这是因为光的粒子不能被分割。窃听者不能把一个光粒子分成两部分，也不能把一个光粒子的信息读给第三方，或者传播到其他地方）"以及后文"So quantum physics can protect such secret codes， as they can neither be intercepted nor cracked.（因此量子物理可以保护这些密码，因为它们既不会被拦截也不会被破解）"可知，本段主要是在解释量子通信更加安全的原因，上文解释了其原因，本句应当是在说明结果：信息可以被检测到，但是不能被破译。B选项中message对应上文中messages。故B选项"这样的信息可以被检测到，但是不能被破译"符合语境，故选B.
（3）E．细节理解题。根据上文"Now you can appreciate the unlimited power of quantum communication.（ 现在你可以欣赏到量子通信的无限力量了）"以及后文"And it has achieved results attracting world attention. Among these achievements is the immortal work of Pan Jianwei， Chinas youngest academician.（它已经取得了举世瞩目的成果。这些成就中就有中国最年轻的院士潘建伟的不朽作品）"可知，本段主要是在介绍量子通信的发展，且后文提到了中国的院士，可推知本句是在说明中国在这一领域投入了大量精力。故E选项"中国在这一领域的研究投入了大量的精力"符合语境，故选E.
（4）F．逻辑关系题。根据上文"The fruit of Academician Pans scientific research into quantum communication was chosen as one of "Ten Worldwide Science and Technology Advances" in 19（6）（潘院士在量子通信领域的研究成果于1997年被评为"世界十大科技进步"之一）"可知，上文主要在说明潘院士在量子通信领域的成就，故本句承接上文继续说明他的研究的意义，F选项中His research对应上文中The fruit of Academician Pans。故F选项"他的研究使中国在量子通信领域处于世界领先地位"符合语境，故选F.
（6）A．归纳总结题。根据上文"On Aug.16， 2016， China launched a quantum communication satellite it had developed and built itself， making China one of the quantum﹣communication﹣producing countries. There are many applications for quantum communication﹣military， defense， data encryption， telecommunications， insurance， securities， industry and finance.（ 2016年8月16日，我国自主研制的量子通信卫星成功发射，成为量子通信生产国之一。量子通信有许多应用﹣﹣军事、国防、数据加密、电信、保险、证券、工业和金融）"可知，上文提到量子通信被应用于许多领域，可知，本句进行总结：这些行业都需要这种先进技术。故A选项"它们都需要这种先进技术"符合语境，故选A.
第三部分语言运用（共两节； 满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分）阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【答案】
A
B
A
D
D
C
D
B
D
A
C
C
A
C
B
【考点】
人生感悟类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在很大程度上，衡量我们内心是否平和是由我们是否能生活在当下而不是昨天或明天所决定的。
【解答】
（1）A．考查动词及语境理解。A. worrying担心；B. working工作；C. thinking思考，认为；D. dreaming梦想。句意：然而，我们中的许多人却把生活中的大部分时间花在担心各种各样的事情上。根据"past problems and future concerns"可知，此处表示人们担心各种各样的事情。故选A.
（2）B．考查动词及语境理解。A. promote促进；B. dominate控制，支配；C. prevent阻止；D. explore探索。句意：我们听任过去的问题和未来的担忧控制我们此时此刻的生活，以至我们整日挫折和沮丧。根据"many of us are spending much of our lives（1） about a variety of things."可知，人们由于经常担心过去和未来的问题，以至于受到这些问题的控制。故选B.
（3）A．考查动词短语及语境理解。A. end up结束；B. grow up成长，逐渐形成；C. turn up调大，出现；D. block up阻碍。句意：我们听任过去的问题和未来的担忧控制我们此时此刻的生活，以至我们整日挫折和沮丧。根据"We allow past problems and future concerns to （2） our present moments so much"可知，此处由于各种各样的担忧，表示最终以挫折和沮丧告终。故选A.
（4）D．考查动词及语境理解。A. accumulate积累；B. advance提前，使前进；C. forget忘记；D. postpone延迟。句意：而另一方面我们又推迟我们的满足感和幸福，常常说服自己"有朝一日"会比今天更好。根据"that "someday" will be better than today."可知，此处表示人们会推迟满足感和幸福。故选D.
（5）D．考查动词及语境理解。A. encouraging鼓励；B. congratulating祝贺；C. doubting怀疑；D. convincing使确信，说服。句意：而另一方面我们又推迟我们的满足感和幸福，常常说服自己"有朝一日"会比今天更好。此处表示人们常常会说服自己有朝一日满足感和幸福会到来。故选D.
（6）C．考查副词及语境理解。A. hastily匆忙地，仓促地；B. hopefully有希望地；C. actually事实上；D. thankfully感谢地，感激地。句意：但事实是，这样的"某一天"从来不会真的到来。根据下文"But the truth is that…"可知，此处表示事实上这一天不会真的到来。故选C.
（7）D．考查从属连词及语境理解。A. after在……之后；B. before在……之前；C. until直到；D. while当……时候。句意：约翰•列农曾经说过："生活就是当我们忙于制定别的计划时发生的事。"此处表示两件事情同时发生。故选D.
（8）B．考查介词短语及语境理解。A. order与前文搭配out of order 杂乱无章，不合规则；B.shape与前文搭配 out of shape变形；C.mind与前文搭配 out of mind发狂，疯狂；D. date，与前文搭配out of date过期。句意：当我们忙于制定"其他计划"时，我们所爱的人离开了甚至去世了，我们的体型走样了，而我们的梦想也在溜走了。根据"love are moving away and dying"和"our dreams are slipping away"可知，此处表示身体走形了。故选B.
（9）D．考查介词短语及语境理解。A. In addition另外，此外；B. In contrast对比；C. In general一般，大体上；D. In short简言之。句意：简而言之，我们错过了生活。根据上文内容"When we're busy making "other plans"， the people we love are moving away and dying， our bodies are getting out of（8）__， and our dreams are slipping away."可知，当我们忙于制定"其他计划"时，我们所爱的人离开了甚至去世了，我们的体型走样了，而我们的梦想也在溜走了。由此可知，此处表示简而言之，就是人们错过了许多。故选D.
（10）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A. later更迟的；B. earlier更早的；C. better更好的；D. worse更差的。句意：许多人的生活好像是某个未来日子的彩排。根据"Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal"可知，此处表示对将来事实的虚拟，因此表示更迟的。故选A.
（11）C．考查动词及语境理解。A. response回应；B. demand需求；C. guarantee保证；D. resolve决心，决定。句意：事实上，没人能保证他或她明天肯定还活着。根据下文"Now is the only time we have， and the only time that we have any（12） over."可知，此处表示对于未来发生的事情我们无法保证。故选C.
（12）C．考查名词及语境理解。A. advantage优点；B. concern关心，忧虑；C. control控制；D. victory胜利。句意：现在是我们所拥有的唯一时间，现在也是我们能控制的唯一时间。根据"Now is the only time we have"可知，现在使我们拥有的时间，也是我们能控制的。故选C.
（13）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A. present在场的，目前的；B. precious珍贵的；C. distant遥远的；D. awkward令人尴尬的。句意：当我们将注意力放在此时此刻时，我们就将恐惧抛诸脑后。对应上文的"Now is the only time we have"可知，此处表示"现在的时刻"。故选A.
（14）C．考查名词及语境理解。A. lesson课，教训；B. promise承诺；C. strategy策略；D. reference参考。句意：要战胜它，最好的策略是学会将你的注意力拉回此时此地。根据上文"Fear is the concern over events that might happen in the future."可知，此处表示战胜恐惧的策略。故选C.
（15）B．考查动词短语及语境理解。A. build up逐步建立，增进；B. pay off还清，偿还；C. go away离开；D. add up加起来。句意：你的努力迟早会有回报的。根据"Keep practicing."可知，只要保持练习，努力就会有回报。故选B.
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【答案】
effective,to wash,how,pollution,were asked,either,that/which,being touched,towel﹣wiped,ideally
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。英国利兹大学的科学家发现，纸巾和喷气式烘手器﹣﹣人们在公共厕所里擦手的两种主要方式﹣﹣都能显著减少病毒污染，但是纸巾擦手的效果更好。文章主要介绍了这一研究过程和发现。
【解答】
（1）effective. 考查形容词。句意：洗手是预防COVID﹣19传播最简单、最有效的方法之一。修饰后文名词ways应用形容词effective，作定语。故填effective。
（2）to wash. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，有些人仍然不能有效地洗手。结合句意表示"未能做某事"可知短语为fail to do sth.。故填to wash。
（3）how. 考查主语从句。句意：然而，还有最后一个程序，他们如何擦干双手可能会挽救局面。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示"如何"应用how。故填how。
（4）pollution. 考查名词。句意：英国利兹大学的科学家发现，纸巾和喷气式烘手器﹣﹣人们在公共厕所里擦手的两种主要方式﹣﹣都能显著减少病毒污染。此处作宾语，表示"污染"应用名词pollution，且为不可数名词。故填pollution。
（5）were asked. 考查动词时态语态。句意：为了模拟洗得不干净的手，参与者被要求在用纸巾擦手或将手放在烘手机下之前完全不洗手。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为participants，谓语动词用复数。故填were asked。
（6）either. 考查固定短语。句意：为了模拟洗得不干净的手，参与者被要求在用纸巾擦手或将手放在烘手机下之前完全不洗手。根据语境以及后文"wiping them with paper towels or putting them under a hand dryer"可知此处为短语either…or…，表示"二者择一的，要么……要么……"。故填either。
（7）that/which. 考查定语从句。句意：科学家们随后测试了参与者随后接触过的表面，例如门、电梯按钮和手机。此处为定语从句修饰先行词surfaces，且先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
（8）being touched. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们发现，在11个表面中有10个，用烘干的手接触的表面比用毛巾擦过的手接触的表面，污染要严重得多。介词after后跟动名词作宾语，且touch与surfaces构成被动关系，故应用being done形式。故填being touched。
（9）towel﹣wiped. 考查形容词。句意：他们发现，在11个表面中有10个，用烘干的手接触的表面比用毛巾擦过的手接触的表面，污染要严重得多。修饰后文名词hand，表示"用毛巾擦过的"应用形容词towel﹣wiped。故填towel﹣wiped。
（10）ideally. 考查副词。句意：所以下次你去公共厕所的时候，一定要用纸巾擦干双手，最好是在仔细洗手20秒之后。修饰后文介词短语应用副词ideally，作状语。故填ideally。
第四部分 写作 （共两节；满分 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分）
【答案】
The person I respect most
My mother is the person I respect most．She plays an important role in my life，not only as a mother but also as a friend． 【高分句型一】
As a mother，she takes good care of the family and she is never upset about my mistakes．She works hard in the company．She's always warm﹣hearted and ready to help others．She sets a good example to me so that I have learned to work hard and respect people around．【高分句型二】As a friend，she knows a lot about me and gives me help whenever it's necessary．（尊敬和爱戴的原因）
My mother has a great influence on me and I respect her most．（总结）
【考点】
提纲类
【解析】
高分句型一：She plays an important role in my life，not only as a mother but also as a friend．
译文：她在我的生活中扮演着重要的角色，不仅是一个母亲，也是一个朋友．
分析：这句话使用not only…but also…意为"不但…而且…"．
高分句型二：She sets a good example to me so that I have learned to work hard and respect people around．
译文：她给我树立了一个好榜样，使我学会了努力工作，尊重周围的人．
分析：这句话使用so that引导结果状语从句．
【解答】
The person I respect most
My mother is the person I respect most．She plays an important role in my life，not only as a mother but also as a friend． 【高分句型一】
As a mother，she takes good care of the family and she is never upset about my mistakes．She works hard in the company．She's always warm﹣hearted and ready to help others．She sets a good example to me so that I have learned to work hard and respect people around．【高分句型二】As a friend，she knows a lot about me and gives me help whenever it's necessary．（尊敬和爱戴的原因）
My mother has a great influence on me and I respect her most．（总结）
第二节（满分 25 分）
【答案】
Back in my classroom， I laid my head on my desk. All morning my heart was heavy with worry.What if I could never get the bracelet back？ The disappointment of my mother couldn't bear thinking about. Dismayed and hurt， I blamed myself for not spotting a fake friend. However， having collected myself， I resolved that I should not give way to despair. 【高分句型一】Gathering up all my courage， I went to seek help from the teacher. It was the first time I had stood up for myself， confronting the older girl about my ownership of the bracelet.（作者拿不回手镯时的苦恼，以及作者后来镇定下来鼓起勇气向老师寻求了帮助。）
As we argued in our teacher's presence， other children in my class gathered around us. "It is Yoon's bracelet." "She wore it yesterday" "We can prove that." Loud shouts of support took me by surprise and wrapped me around with warmth. Only then did I realize that my classmates， instead of ignoring me， actually cared about me. "Tell us the inside of this bracelet，" the freckled boy turned to me and suggested with confidence. That was how I recovered the precious bracelet. 【高分句型二】And that was how I got invited to skip rope with my true friend.（作者在同学的支持和建议下，拿回了那只手镯。）
【考点】
读后续写
【解析】
高分句型一：However， having collected myself， I resolved that I should not give way to despair.
译文：然而，我镇定自若，决心不屈服于绝望。
分析：这句话使用现在分词完成式作状语。
高分句型二：That was how I recovered the precious bracelet.
译文：我就是这样找到那只珍贵的手镯的。
分析：这句话使用how引导表语从句。
【解答】
Back in my classroom， I laid my head on my desk. All morning my heart was heavy with worry.What if I could never get the bracelet back？ The disappointment of my mother couldn't bear thinking about. Dismayed and hurt， I blamed myself for not spotting a fake friend. However， having collected myself， I resolved that I should not give way to despair. 【高分句型一】Gathering up all my courage， I went to seek help from the teacher. It was the first time I had stood up for myself， confronting the older girl about my ownership of the bracelet.（作者拿不回手镯时的苦恼，以及作者后来镇定下来鼓起勇气向老师寻求了帮助。）
As we argued in our teacher's presence， other children in my class gathered around us. "It is Yoon's bracelet." "She wore it yesterday" "We can prove that." Loud shouts of support took me by surprise and wrapped me around with warmth. Only then did I realize that my classmates， instead of ignoring me， actually cared about me. "Tell us the inside of this bracelet，" the freckled boy turned to me and suggested with confidence. That was how I recovered the precious bracelet. 【高分句型二】And that was how I got invited to skip rope with my true friend.（作者在同学的支持和建议下，拿回了那只手镯。）
2020-2021学年湖北省武汉市高三（上）期中英语试卷
第二部分：阅读（共两节； 满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题； 每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. Being a teenager is no cakewalk. Like the characters in these books, teens might also be mourning a first big loss, getting a handle on shifting mental health, or feeling isolated from peers. These inspiring books help them promote positive thinking.
10 Things I Can See from Here by Carrie Mac
Maeve experiences severe anxiety, so much of her headspace is devoted to imagining worst﹣case scenes. Her troubles are worsened when she's sent to live with her dad（an alcoholic）, pregnant stepmom, and twin stepbrothers in Vancouver ﹣ a situation with a whole new set of stressors. Maeve has a lot on her plate, but she's also determined to show up for the people in her life.
Dancing at the Pity Party by Tyler Feder
Tyler Feder was in college when she lost her mother to cancer. In this bittersweet memoir, Feder celebrates her mother's life and also recounts the long and ongoing journey of grief ﹣ from the first physician appointments to sitting the funeral ﹣ and trying to create some resemblance among peers who just didn't get it. Sincere and often humorous, Feder's perspective is related to teens who've experienced grief and valuable for anyone navigating a difficult experience.
Born a Crime by Trevor Noah
Trevor Noah records his coming﹣of﹣age in South Africa under and after racial separation. Born to a white father and black mother（a union punishable by law）, Noah was kept mostly hidden indoors during his early childhood. How the future Daily Show host maintained his wisdom and adaptability in a country enduring the aftershocks of colonialism（殖民政策） and survived typical teen dangers of, say, dating in high school ﹣ are the subject of this celebrated bestseller.
Take in the Good by Gina Biegel, illustrated by Breanna Chambers
Building on research in the brain's negative preference, Gina Biegel offers an activity journal with art projects, writing instructions, and exercises to help teenagers "take in the good" ﹣ that is, retrain their brains to remember positive experiences in order to inspire confidence and calm amid a stressful world.
（1）What is the shared theme of the recommended books？________
A.Dealing with anxiety. B.Thinking positively.
C.Associating with peers. D.Braving disease.．
（2）Which book is a fiction？________
A.10 Things I Can See from Here B.Dancing at the Pity Party
C.Born a Crime D.Take in the Good．
（3）Who turns out a success in TV industry despite a tragic childhood？________
A.Carrie Mac B.Tyler Feder C.Trevor Noah D.Gina Biegel．
2. It's been less than a month since Arnold, a Texas high school student, was forbidden from going to the prom and graduation unless he cut his hair. As his story spread on social media, celebrities and activists came to Arnold's defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school's hair discrimination. Now, in a significant turn of events, he's proudly wearing his own hair﹣style at the 2020 Oscars.
Arnold and his mother were invited to attend as the guests of director Matthew A. Cherry, who won the award for Best Animated Short Film for Hair Love tonight. Fittingly, the short film tells the story of a Black father learning to style his daughter's natural hair.
Arnold told us he couldn't wait to walk the red carpet with the Hair Love team. "I'm so grateful. I never expected any of this, " Arnold says. "The message of that movie and my message go together so well. I think it's really amazing how they reached out to me and how we can fight ________ together."
Together, Cherry and Arnold are advocating for the nationwide passage of The CROWN Act, which is the law authored by California Senator Holly J. Mitchell that makes it illegal to discriminate against Black people for wearing their natural hair in the workplace or at school. Currently the Act has only been passed in New Jersey, California, and New York.
Arnold has also received the support of celebrities, including Ellen DeGeneres, who invited him to appear on her daytime show and surprised him with a ＄20, 000 scholarship from Alicia Keys. Arnold says the scholarship will help him pursue his dream of becoming a veterinarian. Arnold tells us. "The most exciting thing is seeing all the people that are on my side. I thought it would be a lot more hate than support." Tonight, Arnold is looking forward to sharing his story on a massive platform. "As teenagers, we have a voice and we're the future, " he says. "I want more cultural acceptance. If there's any other situation that I feel like I need to stand up for, I would do that in a heartbeat."
（1）What happened to Arnold not long ago？________
A.He played a role in a short film.
B.He managed to apply for a scholarship.
C.He dropped out of school owing to his hair.
D.He was not allowed to attend some school activities.．
（2）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？________
A.Violence. B.Discrimination. C.Panic. D.Starvation.．
（3）What do we know from the passage？________
A.Hair Love was based on Arnold's experiences.
B.Alicia Keys shaped Arnold's cultural acceptance.
C.Mitchell had been punished for wearing natural hair.
D.The CROWN Act has not been adopted nationwide.．
（4）What's the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？________
A.To share a teenager's story.
B.To advocate the passage of an act.
C.To introduce an Oscar﹣winning film.
D.To express his dissatisfaction with society.．
3. A doctor named Chepurnov from Siberia conducted a controversial coronavirus immunity test after surviving COVID﹣19 in March. The 68﹣year﹣old Russian doctor spent time with coronavirus﹣positive patients without wearing a mask to see if he could get a second COVID﹣19 infection. The doctor was infected a second time and experienced a worse COVID﹣19 case than he had previously.
This unusual coronavirus immunity test can easily be filed under the "only in Russia" section of COVID﹣19 news. Only in Russia was a coronavirus vaccine approved for mass use before any scientific research was shared with the world and before the drug cleared the Phase 3 trial. The story gets even crazier, considering the doctor's age. At 68﹣years﹣old, Alexander Chepurnov happens to be the kind of COVID﹣19 patient most at risk of developing a severe case.
Even so, Chepurnov's controversial experiment isn't without worth. It's certainly the kind of experiment that others wouldn't necessarily approve of, especially in western countries. But it's the kind of experiment that can yield results ﹣ and Chepurnov did get his wish. He was reinfected with COVID﹣19 within six months from the first bout. Chepurnov and his research team started to monitor his antibodies. He discovered that they vanished after three months. "The observation showed a fairly rapid decrease, " he told the paper. "By the end of the third month from the start of the disease, ________ ceased to be determined." This falls in line with other studies about COVID﹣19 antibody life.
Chepurnov's story also seems to fall in line with other studies that say immunity can last for at least 5﹣7 months. The story also proves that immunity lasts even after the antibodies are gone and suggests that other immune system components are indeed involved in providing prolonged protection. Others theorized that T cells would extend immunity beyond the life of the first batch of antibodies. Chepurnov's empirical findings are also important for vaccine research. If immunity lasts less than a year, more booster shots（加强针剂） might be needed after the initial doses.
But Newsweek points out a problem with the experiment. Because his first case of COVID﹣19 hasn't been diagnosed via a PCR test. Also, Chepurnov's experiment hasn't been published in a scientific journal, and it's unclear what scientific rigors were applied. Still, if his findings are accurate, Chepurnov is actually right to warn against using a herd immunity approach to beat the pandemic.
（1）Why is Chepurnovs experiment considered controversial？________
A.Its not effective.
B.Its too dangerous.
C.Its disapproved of by Russia.
D.Its not diagnosed via a PCR test.．
（2）What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to？________
A.diseases B.viruses C.antibodies D.results．
（3）What is the finding of Chepurnovs experim ent？________
A.COVID﹣19 immunity lasts permanently in ones body.
B.The longevity of COVID﹣19 antibodies is about 3 months.
C.Old patients are most at risk of developing a severe COVID﹣19.
D.Vaccination can protect one from being infected with coronaviruses.．
（4）Whats the main idea of the passage？________
A.Siberia is a unique place for treating COVID﹣19 patients.
B.Newsweek found the evidence against herd immunity to COVID﹣19.
C.Researches showed humans produce antibodies if infected with coronaviruses.
D.A controversial experiment on coronavirus immunity was conducted in Russia.．
4. "A CAREER BOOK about Asians? Aren't they doing fine…? " So begins Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling, a very large scholarly book by Jane Hyun published in 2005. Because Asian﹣Americans had higher incomes and education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average countrymen, they were seen as a model minority. Despite this, they rarely rose to the top of companies. A mix of individual, cultural and organizational barriers ﹣ the "bamboo ceiling" of the book's title ﹣ seemed to prohibit them from rising.
Fifteen years later Asians are still ________ In the technology sectors, Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of bosses. In 2017 Asians made up roughly 6% of the country's population but only 3% of the bosses of S&P 500（标准普尔 500 指数） firms.
Some prominent Asians run big companies. Arvind Krishna is IBM's new boss. Satya Nadella runs Microsoft and Sundar Pichai leads Alphabet. But few other Asians have joined their ranks ﹣ and, revealingly, these stars all have Indian roots. There are fewer South Asians in America than East Asians, but they still made up 13 of all 16 Asian S&P 500 CEOs.
Why are there so few Asians among America's business elite（精英）? And if a bamboo ceiling is to blame, why do South Asians break through more easily? These questions are the focus of a study by Jackson Lu of MIT Sloan School of Management and colleagues, who surveyed hundreds of senior executives and business﹣school students. They found that while discrimination exists, it is not destiny（命中注定）. South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians but still outperform even whites（if success is weighed against share of population）. Their research also rules out lack of ambition: a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high﹣status jobs.
That leaves culture. The researchers conclude that South Asians tend to be more determined and confident than East Asians in how they communicate at work, which fits Western concepts of how a leader should behave. The same tendency for confident remarks featured in "The Argumentative Indian", a book by Amartya Sen, a Nobel﹣prize winning economist. The researchers owe East Asians' silence to Confucian values of modesty and respect for social ranking. Sometimes bravery and bombast（夸大的言辞）are needed to break bamboo.
（1）What does "bamboo ceiling" refer to？________
A.．
B.A roof made of bamboo typical of Asian buildings.
C.Promotion obstacles facing Asian employees in America.
D.The invisible discrimination against Asians in the US
（2）What does "under﹣represented" in Paragraph 2 mean？________
A.Lacking representatives. B.Hard to show their talents.
C.Being underestimated. D.Unable to land a job.．
（3）According to Jackson Lu， what mainly accounts for fewer promotions of East Asians than South Asians？________
A.A small population. B.Discrimination.
C.Lack of ambition. D.Culture.．
（4）Why do South Asians succeed in American business more easily？________
A.Western people prefer modesty to confidence in communication.
B.The confidence they demonstrate consists with Western leadership.
C.They endure greater racism and become more ambitious.
D.Their ambition urges them to endeavor for high﹣status jobs.．
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分， 满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Quantum Communication （量子通信） ﹣ Cutting﹣edge Technology
What is quantum communication？ The scientific world defines it as a "method of communication using quantum effects on communications cycles." （1）_______This technology has grown originally from encrypted messaging， and is virtually unbreakable.
You might ask： How are messages sent by quantum encryption safer？ It is because particles of light cannot be divided. An eavesdropper （窃听者） cannot divide a particle of light into two parts， nor can a message in a particle of light be read by a third party or transmitted elsewhere. （2）_______ So quantum physics can protect such secret codes， as they can neither be intercepted （窃听） nor cracked.
Now you can appreciate the unlimited power of quantum communication. （3）_______And it has achieved results attracting world attention. Among these achievements is the immortal work of Pan Jianwei，China's youngest academician.
The fruit of Academician Pans scientific research into quantum communication was chosen as one of "Ten Worldwide Science and Technology Advances" in 1997. （4）_______
On Aug.16，2016，China launched a quantum communication satellite it had developed and built itself，making China one of the quantum﹣communication﹣producing countries. There are many applications for quantum communication﹣﹣military， defense， data encryption， telecommunications， insurance， securities，industry and finance. （5）_______ Quantum communication is a powerful promoter of the continuous advance of science and technology worldwide.
A.They all need this kind of advanced technology.
B.Such message may be detected， but it cannot be understood.
C.Simply put， it is a method of encrypted（加密的）communication.
D.Is it so miraculous？ If you don't believe it， let us tell you a story.
E.China has poured a huge amount of effort into research in this field.
F.His research put China in the leading place in the world in quantum communication.
G.Many Chinese scientists have devoted themselves wholeheartedly to making great contributions.
第三部分语言运用（共两节； 满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分）阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
To a large degree, the measure of our peace of mind is determined by how much we are able to live in the present moment rather than yesterday or tomorrow. However, many of us are spending much of our lives（1）_______about a variety of things. We allow past problems and future concerns to（2）_______ our present moments, so much so that we（3）_______ frustrated and depressed.
On the other side, we also（4）_______our gratification（满足感） and our happiness, often（5）_______ourselves that "someday" will be better than today. But the truth is that such a "someday" never（6）_______ arrives.
John Lennon once said, "Life is what's happening（7）_______ we're busy making other plans." When we're busy making "other plans", the people we love are moving away and dying, our bodies are getting out of（8）_______, and our dreams are slipping away.（9）_______, we missed out on life. Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal for some（10）_______date. It isn't. In fact, no one has a（11）_______that he or she will be here tomorrow. Now is the only time we have, and the only time that we have any（12）_______ over. When our attention is in the（13）_______ moment, we push fear from our minds.
Fear is the concern over events that might happen in the future. To fight it, the best（14）_______is to learn to bring your attention back to the here and now. Keep practicing. Your efforts will（15）_______in time.
（1）
A.worrying B.. working C.. thinking D.. dreaming
（2）
A.promote B.. dominate C.. prevent D.. explore
（3）
A.end up B.. grow up C.. turn up D.. block up
（4）
A.accumulate B.. advance C.. forget D.. postpone
（5）
A.encouraging B.. congratulating C.. doubting D.. convincing
（6）
A.hastily B.. hopefully C.. actually D.. thankfully
（7）
A.after B.. before C.. until D.. while
（8）
A.order B.. shape C.. mind D.. date
（9）
A.In addition B.. In contrast C.. In general D.. In short
（10）
A.later B.. earlier C.. better D.. worse
（11）
A.response B.. demand C.. guarantee D.. resolve
（12）
A.advantage B.. concern C.. control D.. victory
（13）
A.present B.. precious C.. distant D.. awkward
（14）
A.lesson B.. promise C.. strategy D.. reference
（15）
A.build up B.. pay off C.. go away D.. add up
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hand﹣washing is one of the simplest and the most（1）________（effect） ways to prevent the spread of COVID﹣19. And yet， some people still fail（2）________（wash） their hands effectively. However，there is one last procedure that might save the day﹣（3）________ they dry their hands.
Scientists from the University of Leeds，UK，found that both paper towels and jet air hand dryers﹣ the two main ways people dry their hands in public toilets ﹣ can significantly reduce virus（4）________（pollute）. But there is still a big difference between the two. In their study，scientists contaminated the hands of participants with a harmless virus. To simulate（模拟）poorly washed hands，participants（5）________（ask）not to wash them at all before（6）________ wiping them with paper towels or putting them under a hand dryer. Scientists then tested surfaces（7）________ the participants touched afterward ﹣ doors， elevator buttons and phones，for example. They found that on 10 out of 11 surfaces，the contamination was much heavier after（8）________（touch） by a blow﹣dried hand than a（9）________（towel﹣wipe） hand.
So the next time you use a public toilet， make sure you dry your hands with a paper towel，（10）________（ideal） after 20 seconds of careful hand﹣washing.
第四部分 写作 （共两节；满分 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分）
你校正在组织英语作文比赛．请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．短文题目和首句已为你写好．
第二节（满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My name is Yoon，a girl who came here from Korea，a country far away. Soon after we settled in America， it was time to celebrate my birthday. I was hoping for a very special present﹣a jump rope. I watched the girls in my school yard turning such a rope and jumping and singing happy songs. I wanted so much to jump and sing with them， the ponytail girl， the golden﹣hair girl and the freckle boy. But I was still the new girl.
On my birthday， my mother handed me a lovely box， inside which was a pale green bracelet. "A jade bracelet，Yoon. My own mother gave me this very bracelet. Now I am giving it to you. A precious gem for a precious daughter." my mother said. "Look， Yoon， here is your Korean name inside." She showed me the dancing symbols that meant Shining Wisdom. I tried to contain my disappointment，I liked the bracelet，but my heart still longed for a jump rope.
At lunch time the next day at school，an older girl from another class sat down beside me. "You are wearing such a pretty bracelet，and you are alone today. I will be your friend. Would you like to play jump rope with me？" But the only thing that she asked me to do was to turn around the rope until I grew tired. "When will I jump？" I asked. "Tomorrow." the older girl said. The bell rang， and she took the rope from me. "I really like your bracelet，" she said. "In America， friends share things， so you should let me wear it." My birthday bracelet？ No， no， I shook my head. But quickly the older girl grabbed the bracelet from me and twisted it onto her own wrist.
The next morning I waited in the school yard for the older girl who was still wearing my jade bracelet. I asked her to give it back to me， but she refused. "Stop bothering me! Don't be a pest!" she pushed me away and laughed.
注意：1．续写词数应为 150 左右；
2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Back in my classroom， I laid my head on my desk._________
As we argued in our teacher's presence， other children in my class gathered around us.______
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021学年湖北省武汉市高三（上）期中英语试卷
第二部分：阅读（共两节； 满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题； 每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1.
【答案】
B
A
C
【考点】
广告布告类阅读
应用文阅读
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本可以帮助青少年积极思考的书籍，介绍了其大概内容和作者等情况。
【解答】
（1）B. 细节理解题。根据第一段中"These inspiring books help them promote positive thinking.（这些鼓舞人心的书籍帮助他们促进积极思考）"可知，推荐书目的共同主题是积极思考。A.Dealing with anxiety处理焦虑；B.Thinking positively积极思考；C.Associating with peers与同伴交往；D.Braving disease不畏疾病。故选B.
（2）A. 推理判断题。根据10 Things I Can See from Here部分中"Maeve experiences severe anxiety， so much of her headspace is devoted to imagining worst﹣case scenes. Her troubles are worsened when she's sent to live with her dad （an alcoholic）， pregnant stepmom， and twin stepbrothers in Vancouver ﹣ a situation with a whole new set of stressors. Maeve has a lot on her plate， but she's also determined to show up for the people in her life.（ Maeve经历了严重的焦虑，所以她的大部分大脑空间都用来想象最糟糕的场景。当她被送到温哥华与她酗酒的父亲、怀孕的继母和双胞胎继兄弟生活在一起时，她的麻烦更加恶化了，这给她带来了全新的压力。Maeve有很多事情要做，但她也决心为她生命中的人展现自己）"可推知，10 Things I Can See from Here主要讲述的是Maeve的故事，是一本小说。故选A.
（3）C. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Trevor Noah records his coming﹣of﹣age in South Africa under and after racial separation. Born to a white father and black mother （a union punishable by law）， Noah was kept mostly hidden indoors during his early childhood. How the future Daily Show host maintained his wisdom and adaptability in a country enduring the aftershocks of colonialism and survived typical teen dangers of， say， dating in high school ﹣ are the subject of this celebrated bestseller.（ Trevor Noah记录了他在南非种族隔离时期和之后的成长经历。诺亚的父亲是白人，母亲是黑人﹣﹣这是一种会受到法律惩罚的结合，在他的童年早期，Noah大部分时间都躲在室内。这位未来的每日节目主持人如何在一个饱受殖民主义余热的国家保持他的智慧和适应能力，如何熬过典型的青少年危险，比如高中约会，是这本著名畅销书的主题）"可知，Trevor Noah虽然童年不幸，但最终在电视行业取得了成功，成为了节目主持人。故选C.
2.
【答案】
D
B
D
A
【考点】
故事类阅读
记叙文阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德克萨斯州的高中生Arnold因为自己的头发而遭到学校的歧视，禁止参加学校活动，后来被社交媒体传播，大家站起来反抗，出现了极大的反转，最终他可以带着自己的头发参加奥斯卡的颁奖礼的故事。
【解答】
（1）D．细节理解题。根据文章第一段"It's been less than a month since Arnold， a Texas high school student， was forbidden from going to the prom and graduation unless he cut his locs." 不到一个月前，德克萨斯州的高中生Arnold被禁止参加舞会和毕业典礼，除非他剪掉头发。由此可知不久前，Arnold被禁止参加一些学校活动，故选D.
（2）B．代词指代题。根据第一段"As his story spread on social media， celebrities and activists came to Arnold's defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school's hair discrimination. Now， in a significant turn of events， he's proudly wearing his own hair﹣style at the 2020 Oscars. " 随着他的故事在社交媒体上传开，名人和活动家们都来为阿诺德辩护，并鼓励他勇敢地面对学校对头发的歧视。现在，事态发生了重大转折，他将骄傲地在2020年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上留着自己的发型。由此可以推断出划线词所在的句子意思是我们如何共同与"对头发的歧视"作斗争，因此this指代的就是歧视，A.Violence暴力；B.Discrimination歧视；C.Panic恐慌；D.Starvation饥饿。故选B.
（3）D．细节理解题。根据文章第四段"Together， Cherry and Arnold are advocating for the nationwide passage of The CROWN Act， which is the law authored by California Senator Holly J. Mitchell that makes it illegal to discriminate against Black people for wearing their natural hair in the workplace or at school. Currently the Act has only been passed in New Jersey， California， and New York. " 切里和阿诺德共同倡导在全国范围内通过《王冠法案》。该法案由加州参议员霍利•米切尔起草，规定歧视在工作场所或学校留自然头发的黑人为非法行为。目前，该法案仅在新泽西州、加利福尼亚州和纽约州获得通过。由此可知《王冠法案》并未在全国范围内采用。故选D.
（4）A．写作意图题。根据第一段"It's been less than a month since Arnold， a Texas high school student， was forbidden from going to the prom and graduation unless he cut his locs. As his story spread on social media， celebrities and activists came to Arnold's defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school's hair discrimination. " 不到一个月前，德克萨斯州的高中生阿诺德被禁止参加舞会和毕业典礼，除非他剪掉自己的头发。随着他的故事在社交媒体上传开，名人和活动家们都来为阿诺德辩护，并鼓励他勇敢地面对学校对头发的歧视。和最后一段"Tonight， Arnold is looking forward to sharing his story on a massive platform. "As teenagers， we have a voice and we're the future，" he says. "I want more cultural acceptance. If there's any other situation that I feel like I need to stand up for， I would do that in a heartbeat." 今晚，阿诺德很期待在一个巨大的平台上分享他的故事。"作为青少年，我们有发言权，我们就是未来，"他说。"我想要更多的文化认同感。如果还有其他我觉得需要站出来支持的情况，我会立刻去做。"由此可知本文是在分享一个青年因为头发遭受歧视而站出来反抗的故事，故选A.
3.
【答案】
B
C
B
D
【考点】
故事类阅读
记叙文阅读
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnov医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试。文章主要介绍了Chepurnov医生开展这项实验的经过，实验关于冠状病毒抗体的一些发现以及这项实验的重要意义。
【解答】
（1）B．推理判断题。根据第一段"A doctor named Chepurnov from Siberia conducted a controversial coronavirus immunity test after surviving COVID﹣19 in March. The 68﹣year﹣old Russian doctor spent time with coronavirus﹣positive patients without wearing a mask to see if he could get a second COVID﹣19 infection. The doctor was infected a second time and experienced a worse COVID﹣19 case than he had previously.（今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnov医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试。这位68岁的俄罗斯医生在不戴口罩的情况下与冠状病毒阳性患者相处，以观察他是否会再次感染COVID﹣19。这名医生第二次感染了新冠肺炎，病情比之前更严重）"可知，Chepurnovs的实验有争议，是因为它太危险了。故选B.
（2）C．代词指代题。根据画线词上文"Chepurnov and his research team started to monitor his antibodies. He discovered that they vanished after three months. "The observation showed a fairly rapid decrease，" he told the paper. "By the end of the third month from the start of the disease…（Chepurnov和他的研究团队开始监测他的抗体。他发现三个月后它们就消失了。"观察显示出抗体迅速下降，"他告诉该报。"在疾病开始后的第三个月末……）"以及后文"ceased to be determined"可知，三个月后抗体就消失了，所以在疾病开始后的第三个月末，不能再检测到抗体了，即they指的是"抗体"。A.diseases疾病；B.viruses病毒；C.antibodies抗体；D.results结果。故选C.
（3）B．细节理解题。根据第三段中"Chepurnov and his research team started to monitor his antibodies. He discovered that they vanished after three months.（ Chepurnov和他的研究团队开始监测他的抗体。他发现三个月后它们就消失了）"以及"This falls in line with other studies about COVID﹣19 antibody life.（这与其他关于COVID﹣19抗体寿命的研究一致）"可知，Chepurnovs的实验发现COVID﹣19抗体的寿命约为3个月。故选B.
（4）D．主旨大意题。根据第一段中"A doctor named Chepurnov from Siberia conducted a controversial coronavirus immunity test after surviving COVID﹣19 in March.（今年3月，西伯利亚的Chepurnov医生在新冠病毒感染中存活下来后，进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫测试）"结合文章主要介绍了Chepurnov医生开展这项实验的经过，实验关于冠状病毒抗体的一些发现以及这项实验的重要意义。可知，这篇文章的中心思想是在俄罗斯进行了一项有争议的冠状病毒免疫实验。故选D.
4.
【答案】
C
A
D
B
【考点】
社会文化类阅读
说明文阅读
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章以一本名为《Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling》的书为引入，指出了在美国的亚洲员工面临晋升障碍的社会现象，同时南亚人比东亚人更容易晋升，分析了产生这一现象背后的种种原因。
【解答】
（1）C．细节理解题。根据第一段中"Because Asian﹣Americans had higher incomes and education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average countrymen， they were seen as a model minority. Despite this， they rarely rose to the top of companies. A mix of individual， cultural and organizational barriers ﹣ the "bamboo ceiling" of the book's title ﹣ seemed to prohibit them from rising.（由于亚裔美国人的收入和教育水平更高，犯罪行为也比一般同胞少，他们被视为模范少数族裔。尽管如此，他们很少能升到公司的高层。个人、文化和组织的障碍﹣﹣书名中的"bamboo ceiling"﹣﹣混合在一起，似乎阻止了他们的晋升）"可知，"bamboo ceiling"指的是在美国的亚洲员工面临的晋升障碍。故选C.
（2）A．词义猜测题。根据画线词后文"In the technology sectors， Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of bosses. In 2017 Asians made up roughly 6% of the country's population but only 3% of the bosses of S&P 500 （标准普尔 500 指数） firms.（在科技行业，亚洲人占员工总数的30%以上，但占老板总数的不到15%。2017年，亚洲人约占美国人口的6%，但在标准普尔500指数成分股公司的老板中，亚洲人只占3%）"可知，15年后，亚洲人在行业中仍然没有得到充分的代表，即亚洲人缺乏代表。故画线词意思为"缺乏代表"。A.Lacking representatives缺乏代表；B.Hard to show their talents很难展示才能；C.Being underestimated被低估；D.Unable to land a job不能找到工作。故选A.
（3）D．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中"South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians but still outperform even whites （if success is weighed against share of population）. Their research also rules out lack of ambition： a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high﹣status jobs.（南亚人忍受着比东亚人更严重的种族主义，但表现仍然超过白人﹣﹣如果成功与人口比例相比较的话。他们的研究也排除了缺乏雄心壮志的可能性：努力获得高职位的亚洲人比白人要多）"以及最后一段中"That leaves culture.（这样一来就只剩下文化这种原因）"可推知，根据Jackson Lu的研究，东亚人升职比南亚人少的主要原因是文化。A.A small population少的人口；B.Discrimination歧视；C.Lack of ambition缺少理想；D.Culture文化。故选D.
（4）B．细节理解题。根据最后一段中"The researchers conclude that South Asians tend to be more determined and confident than East Asians in how they communicate at work， which fits Western concepts of how a leader should behave.（研究人员得出的结论是，南亚人在工作中的沟通方式往往比东亚人更有决心和自信，这符合西方关于领导者的行事概念）"可知，南亚人更容易在美国商业中成功，是因为他们表现出的信心与西方领导一致。故选B.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分， 满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】
C,B,E,F,A
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了量子通信这项技术，解释了其工作原理、重要性、参与研发的代表人物和应用情况。
【解答】
（1）C．推理判断题。根据上文"What is quantum communication？ The scientific world defines it as a "method of communication using quantum effects on communications cycles."（什么是量子通信？科学界将其定义为一种"利用通信周期中的量子效应的通信方法"）"以及后文"This technology has grown originally from encrypted messaging， and is virtually unbreakable.（这项技术最初是从加密消息中发展起来的，而且几乎是牢不可破的）"可知，上文主要是在解释说明量子通信的定义，后文则说明了这项技术的发展和特点。故本句应当承接上文继续说明量子通信是什么。故C选项"简单地说，这是一种加密通信的方法"符合语境，故选C.
（2）B．推理判断题。根据上文"You might ask： How are messages sent by quantum encryption safer？ It is because particles of light cannot be divided. An eavesdropper cannot divide a particle of light into two parts， nor can a message in a particle of light be read by a third party or transmitted elsewhere.（你可能会问：通过量子加密发送的消息如何更安全？这是因为光的粒子不能被分割。窃听者不能把一个光粒子分成两部分，也不能把一个光粒子的信息读给第三方，或者传播到其他地方）"以及后文"So quantum physics can protect such secret codes， as they can neither be intercepted nor cracked.（因此量子物理可以保护这些密码，因为它们既不会被拦截也不会被破解）"可知，本段主要是在解释量子通信更加安全的原因，上文解释了其原因，本句应当是在说明结果：信息可以被检测到，但是不能被破译。B选项中message对应上文中messages。故B选项"这样的信息可以被检测到，但是不能被破译"符合语境，故选B.
（3）E．细节理解题。根据上文"Now you can appreciate the unlimited power of quantum communication.（ 现在你可以欣赏到量子通信的无限力量了）"以及后文"And it has achieved results attracting world attention. Among these achievements is the immortal work of Pan Jianwei， Chinas youngest academician.（它已经取得了举世瞩目的成果。这些成就中就有中国最年轻的院士潘建伟的不朽作品）"可知，本段主要是在介绍量子通信的发展，且后文提到了中国的院士，可推知本句是在说明中国在这一领域投入了大量精力。故E选项"中国在这一领域的研究投入了大量的精力"符合语境，故选E.
（4）F．逻辑关系题。根据上文"The fruit of Academician Pans scientific research into quantum communication was chosen as one of "Ten Worldwide Science and Technology Advances" in 19（6）（潘院士在量子通信领域的研究成果于1997年被评为"世界十大科技进步"之一）"可知，上文主要在说明潘院士在量子通信领域的成就，故本句承接上文继续说明他的研究的意义，F选项中His research对应上文中The fruit of Academician Pans。故F选项"他的研究使中国在量子通信领域处于世界领先地位"符合语境，故选F.
（6）A．归纳总结题。根据上文"On Aug.16， 2016， China launched a quantum communication satellite it had developed and built itself， making China one of the quantum﹣communication﹣producing countries. There are many applications for quantum communication﹣military， defense， data encryption， telecommunications， insurance， securities， industry and finance.（ 2016年8月16日，我国自主研制的量子通信卫星成功发射，成为量子通信生产国之一。量子通信有许多应用﹣﹣军事、国防、数据加密、电信、保险、证券、工业和金融）"可知，上文提到量子通信被应用于许多领域，可知，本句进行总结：这些行业都需要这种先进技术。故A选项"它们都需要这种先进技术"符合语境，故选A.
第三部分语言运用（共两节； 满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分）阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【答案】
A
B
A
D
D
C
D
B
D
A
C
C
A
C
B
【考点】
人生感悟类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在很大程度上，衡量我们内心是否平和是由我们是否能生活在当下而不是昨天或明天所决定的。
【解答】
（1）A．考查动词及语境理解。A. worrying担心；B. working工作；C. thinking思考，认为；D. dreaming梦想。句意：然而，我们中的许多人却把生活中的大部分时间花在担心各种各样的事情上。根据"past problems and future concerns"可知，此处表示人们担心各种各样的事情。故选A.
（2）B．考查动词及语境理解。A. promote促进；B. dominate控制，支配；C. prevent阻止；D. explore探索。句意：我们听任过去的问题和未来的担忧控制我们此时此刻的生活，以至我们整日挫折和沮丧。根据"many of us are spending much of our lives（1） about a variety of things."可知，人们由于经常担心过去和未来的问题，以至于受到这些问题的控制。故选B.
（3）A．考查动词短语及语境理解。A. end up结束；B. grow up成长，逐渐形成；C. turn up调大，出现；D. block up阻碍。句意：我们听任过去的问题和未来的担忧控制我们此时此刻的生活，以至我们整日挫折和沮丧。根据"We allow past problems and future concerns to （2） our present moments so much"可知，此处由于各种各样的担忧，表示最终以挫折和沮丧告终。故选A.
（4）D．考查动词及语境理解。A. accumulate积累；B. advance提前，使前进；C. forget忘记；D. postpone延迟。句意：而另一方面我们又推迟我们的满足感和幸福，常常说服自己"有朝一日"会比今天更好。根据"that "someday" will be better than today."可知，此处表示人们会推迟满足感和幸福。故选D.
（5）D．考查动词及语境理解。A. encouraging鼓励；B. congratulating祝贺；C. doubting怀疑；D. convincing使确信，说服。句意：而另一方面我们又推迟我们的满足感和幸福，常常说服自己"有朝一日"会比今天更好。此处表示人们常常会说服自己有朝一日满足感和幸福会到来。故选D.
（6）C．考查副词及语境理解。A. hastily匆忙地，仓促地；B. hopefully有希望地；C. actually事实上；D. thankfully感谢地，感激地。句意：但事实是，这样的"某一天"从来不会真的到来。根据下文"But the truth is that…"可知，此处表示事实上这一天不会真的到来。故选C.
（7）D．考查从属连词及语境理解。A. after在……之后；B. before在……之前；C. until直到；D. while当……时候。句意：约翰•列农曾经说过："生活就是当我们忙于制定别的计划时发生的事。"此处表示两件事情同时发生。故选D.
（8）B．考查介词短语及语境理解。A. order与前文搭配out of order 杂乱无章，不合规则；B.shape与前文搭配 out of shape变形；C.mind与前文搭配 out of mind发狂，疯狂；D. date，与前文搭配out of date过期。句意：当我们忙于制定"其他计划"时，我们所爱的人离开了甚至去世了，我们的体型走样了，而我们的梦想也在溜走了。根据"love are moving away and dying"和"our dreams are slipping away"可知，此处表示身体走形了。故选B.
（9）D．考查介词短语及语境理解。A. In addition另外，此外；B. In contrast对比；C. In general一般，大体上；D. In short简言之。句意：简而言之，我们错过了生活。根据上文内容"When we're busy making "other plans"， the people we love are moving away and dying， our bodies are getting out of（8）__， and our dreams are slipping away."可知，当我们忙于制定"其他计划"时，我们所爱的人离开了甚至去世了，我们的体型走样了，而我们的梦想也在溜走了。由此可知，此处表示简而言之，就是人们错过了许多。故选D.
（10）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A. later更迟的；B. earlier更早的；C. better更好的；D. worse更差的。句意：许多人的生活好像是某个未来日子的彩排。根据"Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal"可知，此处表示对将来事实的虚拟，因此表示更迟的。故选A.
（11）C．考查动词及语境理解。A. response回应；B. demand需求；C. guarantee保证；D. resolve决心，决定。句意：事实上，没人能保证他或她明天肯定还活着。根据下文"Now is the only time we have， and the only time that we have any（12） over."可知，此处表示对于未来发生的事情我们无法保证。故选C.
（12）C．考查名词及语境理解。A. advantage优点；B. concern关心，忧虑；C. control控制；D. victory胜利。句意：现在是我们所拥有的唯一时间，现在也是我们能控制的唯一时间。根据"Now is the only time we have"可知，现在使我们拥有的时间，也是我们能控制的。故选C.
（13）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A. present在场的，目前的；B. precious珍贵的；C. distant遥远的；D. awkward令人尴尬的。句意：当我们将注意力放在此时此刻时，我们就将恐惧抛诸脑后。对应上文的"Now is the only time we have"可知，此处表示"现在的时刻"。故选A.
（14）C．考查名词及语境理解。A. lesson课，教训；B. promise承诺；C. strategy策略；D. reference参考。句意：要战胜它，最好的策略是学会将你的注意力拉回此时此地。根据上文"Fear is the concern over events that might happen in the future."可知，此处表示战胜恐惧的策略。故选C.
（15）B．考查动词短语及语境理解。A. build up逐步建立，增进；B. pay off还清，偿还；C. go away离开；D. add up加起来。句意：你的努力迟早会有回报的。根据"Keep practicing."可知，只要保持练习，努力就会有回报。故选B.
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【答案】
effective,to wash,how,pollution,were asked,either,that/which,being touched,towel﹣wiped,ideally
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。英国利兹大学的科学家发现，纸巾和喷气式烘手器﹣﹣人们在公共厕所里擦手的两种主要方式﹣﹣都能显著减少病毒污染，但是纸巾擦手的效果更好。文章主要介绍了这一研究过程和发现。
【解答】
（1）effective. 考查形容词。句意：洗手是预防COVID﹣19传播最简单、最有效的方法之一。修饰后文名词ways应用形容词effective，作定语。故填effective。
（2）to wash. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，有些人仍然不能有效地洗手。结合句意表示"未能做某事"可知短语为fail to do sth.。故填to wash。
（3）how. 考查主语从句。句意：然而，还有最后一个程序，他们如何擦干双手可能会挽救局面。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示"如何"应用how。故填how。
（4）pollution. 考查名词。句意：英国利兹大学的科学家发现，纸巾和喷气式烘手器﹣﹣人们在公共厕所里擦手的两种主要方式﹣﹣都能显著减少病毒污染。此处作宾语，表示"污染"应用名词pollution，且为不可数名词。故填pollution。
（5）were asked. 考查动词时态语态。句意：为了模拟洗得不干净的手，参与者被要求在用纸巾擦手或将手放在烘手机下之前完全不洗手。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为participants，谓语动词用复数。故填were asked。
（6）either. 考查固定短语。句意：为了模拟洗得不干净的手，参与者被要求在用纸巾擦手或将手放在烘手机下之前完全不洗手。根据语境以及后文"wiping them with paper towels or putting them under a hand dryer"可知此处为短语either…or…，表示"二者择一的，要么……要么……"。故填either。
（7）that/which. 考查定语从句。句意：科学家们随后测试了参与者随后接触过的表面，例如门、电梯按钮和手机。此处为定语从句修饰先行词surfaces，且先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
（8）being touched. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们发现，在11个表面中有10个，用烘干的手接触的表面比用毛巾擦过的手接触的表面，污染要严重得多。介词after后跟动名词作宾语，且touch与surfaces构成被动关系，故应用being done形式。故填being touched。
（9）towel﹣wiped. 考查形容词。句意：他们发现，在11个表面中有10个，用烘干的手接触的表面比用毛巾擦过的手接触的表面，污染要严重得多。修饰后文名词hand，表示"用毛巾擦过的"应用形容词towel﹣wiped。故填towel﹣wiped。
（10）ideally. 考查副词。句意：所以下次你去公共厕所的时候，一定要用纸巾擦干双手，最好是在仔细洗手20秒之后。修饰后文介词短语应用副词ideally，作状语。故填ideally。
第四部分 写作 （共两节；满分 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分）
【答案】
The person I respect most
My mother is the person I respect most．She plays an important role in my life，not only as a mother but also as a friend． 【高分句型一】
As a mother，she takes good care of the family and she is never upset about my mistakes．She works hard in the company．She's always warm﹣hearted and ready to help others．She sets a good example to me so that I have learned to work hard and respect people around．【高分句型二】As a friend，she knows a lot about me and gives me help whenever it's necessary．（尊敬和爱戴的原因）
My mother has a great influence on me and I respect her most．（总结）
【考点】
提纲类
【解析】
高分句型一：She plays an important role in my life，not only as a mother but also as a friend．
译文：她在我的生活中扮演着重要的角色，不仅是一个母亲，也是一个朋友．
分析：这句话使用not only…but also…意为"不但…而且…"．
高分句型二：She sets a good example to me so that I have learned to work hard and respect people around．
译文：她给我树立了一个好榜样，使我学会了努力工作，尊重周围的人．
分析：这句话使用so that引导结果状语从句．
【解答】
The person I respect most
My mother is the person I respect most．She plays an important role in my life，not only as a mother but also as a friend． 【高分句型一】
As a mother，she takes good care of the family and she is never upset about my mistakes．She works hard in the company．She's always warm﹣hearted and ready to help others．She sets a good example to me so that I have learned to work hard and respect people around．【高分句型二】As a friend，she knows a lot about me and gives me help whenever it's necessary．（尊敬和爱戴的原因）
My mother has a great influence on me and I respect her most．（总结）
第二节（满分 25 分）
【答案】
Back in my classroom， I laid my head on my desk. All morning my heart was heavy with worry.What if I could never get the bracelet back？ The disappointment of my mother couldn't bear thinking about. Dismayed and hurt， I blamed myself for not spotting a fake friend. However， having collected myself， I resolved that I should not give way to despair. 【高分句型一】Gathering up all my courage， I went to seek help from the teacher. It was the first time I had stood up for myself， confronting the older girl about my ownership of the bracelet.（作者拿不回手镯时的苦恼，以及作者后来镇定下来鼓起勇气向老师寻求了帮助。）
As we argued in our teacher's presence， other children in my class gathered around us. "It is Yoon's bracelet." "She wore it yesterday" "We can prove that." Loud shouts of support took me by surprise and wrapped me around with warmth. Only then did I realize that my classmates， instead of ignoring me， actually cared about me. "Tell us the inside of this bracelet，" the freckled boy turned to me and suggested with confidence. That was how I recovered the precious bracelet. 【高分句型二】And that was how I got invited to skip rope with my true friend.（作者在同学的支持和建议下，拿回了那只手镯。）
【考点】
读后续写
【解析】
高分句型一：However， having collected myself， I resolved that I should not give way to despair.
译文：然而，我镇定自若，决心不屈服于绝望。
分析：这句话使用现在分词完成式作状语。
高分句型二：That was how I recovered the precious bracelet.
译文：我就是这样找到那只珍贵的手镯的。
分析：这句话使用how引导表语从句。
【解答】
Back in my classroom， I laid my head on my desk. All morning my heart was heavy with worry.What if I could never get the bracelet back？ The disappointment of my mother couldn't bear thinking about. Dismayed and hurt， I blamed myself for not spotting a fake friend. However， having collected myself， I resolved that I should not give way to despair. 【高分句型一】Gathering up all my courage， I went to seek help from the teacher. It was the first time I had stood up for myself， confronting the older girl about my ownership of the bracelet.（作者拿不回手镯时的苦恼，以及作者后来镇定下来鼓起勇气向老师寻求了帮助。）
As we argued in our teacher's presence， other children in my class gathered around us. "It is Yoon's bracelet." "She wore it yesterday" "We can prove that." Loud shouts of support took me by surprise and wrapped me around with warmth. Only then did I realize that my classmates， instead of ignoring me， actually cared about me. "Tell us the inside of this bracelet，" the freckled boy turned to me and suggested with confidence. That was how I recovered the precious bracelet. 【高分句型二】And that was how I got invited to skip rope with my true friend.（作者在同学的支持和建议下，拿回了那只手镯。）
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