专题10 名词和冠词-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 原卷版

专题10  名词和冠词

【2021年】

1．（2021·天津卷）Great improvements in public health have been brought about by ________ in medical science.

A．traditions B．advances C．pressures D．examples

2. （2021·全国乙卷）……

Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.

Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.

Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.  69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.

3. (2021·新高考I卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”. What is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are.

…….

As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in mine .While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit!

4. (2021·浙江卷)Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it  for  $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842.

5.（2021年全国甲卷）

We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.

【2020年】

1.（2020·新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular   64   (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so than the familiar near side.

2.（2020·新课标I卷）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.

3.（2020·新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a   61   (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.

4.（2020·新课标II卷）Luckily，I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.

5.（2020·新课标III卷）Filled with 64． (curious)，the artist packed his bags and left.

6. （2020·江苏卷）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______.

A. reservation B. transformation C. distinction D. submission

7.（2020·山东卷）Historical   44． (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.

8.（2020·浙江卷）Later，they learned to work with the 62． (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，   63（making） (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.

【2019年】

1.【2019·江苏卷】Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.

A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension

2.【2019·天津卷】We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways.

A. statement B. impact

C. impression D. judgment

3.【2019·新课标I卷】Of ___69___  nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six are (be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.

4【2019·新课标I卷】Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me.

5.【2019·浙江卷】Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.

【2018年】

1.【2018·天津】The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.

A. advice         B. order

C. possibility        D. invitation2. 【2018·新课标卷I】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014  that/which   showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all   67   (cause).

3. 【2018·新课标卷I】During my last winter holiday，I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.4. 【2018·新课标卷II】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years，while rice has increased only 7 percent.

5. 【2018·新课标卷III】Unexpectedly，I'm face-to-face with the gorilla，who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream，and then a 400-pound male appears.6. 【2018·新课标卷III】My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.7. 【2018·浙江卷】Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese   56  (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.8. 【2018·浙江卷】F Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in   64  (weigh) problems.

【2017年】

1. 【2017·新课标卷I】As    65    result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.

2. 【2017·新课标卷II 】It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 　61　(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and fromwork.

3. 【2017·新课标卷II 】This included digging up the road，　laying (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 　64　top.

【2016年】

1.【2016·浙江】It is important to pay your electricity bill on time ，as late payments may affect your ______.

A. condition         B. income           C. credit            D. status

2.【2016·天津】The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.

  A. effect         B. sense        C. change      D.  chance  

3.【2016·浙江】______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.

A. The ； 不填      B. A ； 不填     C. A ； the      D. The ； a

4.【2016·江苏】__________— Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?

  — Living every day to the full，definitely.

A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt

 【2015年】

1.(2015﹒湖北) When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.

A. balance         B .chance          C .memory         D .place

2.(2015﹒湖北)He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.

A. emotion         B. talent            C. identity       D. treasure

3.(2015﹒安徽)There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.

A. thought   B. support  C. protection  D. authority

4.(2015﹒江苏)—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.

—I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ .

A. requests           B. excuses             C. apologies        D. regrets

5.(2015﹒江苏)Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.

A. judgments        B. adjustments       C. comments       D. achievements

6. (2015﹒福建)The failure was a big _________to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.

A. blow B. issue C. excuse D. Factor

7.(2015﹒浙江)One of the most effective ways to reduce         is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.

A. production     B. stress        C. energy          D. passive

8.(2015﹒陕西)        more learned a man is,        more modest be usually become.

A. The ； the    B.  A； a   C. The ； a  D. A； the

9.(2015﹒四川).Brian is gifted in writing music； he is very likely to be        Beethoven.

A. a          B. an          C. the          D.不填

 10.(2015﹒浙江) Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write         children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in           way.

A. a；不填    B. the；the  C. 不填；the  D. a；the

11.(2015﹒重庆) I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.

A. the； /     B. a； /      C. the； a     D. a； the

【2014年】

1.(2014﹒安徽)—Why not buy a second­hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?

—That's a good________．

A．saying    B．question    C．suggestion    D．account

2.(2014﹒福建)—Could you tell me the________  of making such tasty cakes?

—Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.

A．feature     B．plan    C．cost     D．trick

3.(2014﹒江苏)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful   ________  in last year's election.

A．symbol  B．portrait   C．identity  D．statue

4.(2014﹒天津)Wind is now the world's fastest growing ________ of power.

A. source   B. sense    C. result  D. root

5.(2014﹒浙江)We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.

A．attempts  B．requests  C．doubts  D．promises

6.(2014﹒江西) They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team, because they knew he was ________ smart leader.

A. a； the          B. the； the           C. the； a            D. a； a

7.(2014﹒陕西)  ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

A. The； a         B. A； the            C. The； the         D. A； a

8.(2014﹒天津) Life is like ________ ocean: only ________ strong­willed can reach the other shore.

A. an； the        B. the； a             C. the ；/          D. / ； a

9.(2014﹒浙江) The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days ________ week，often long into ________ night.

A．a； the       B．the； 不填         C．a； a            D．不填； the

10.(2014﹒重庆) I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.

A. the； a        B. a； /               C. a； the           D. the； /

【2013年】

1.(2013﹒湖北)Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.

A. perspective    B. priority     C. participation   D. privilege

2.(2013﹒湖北)Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.

A. difference     B. comparison    C. connection    D. barrier

3.(2013﹒湖北)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase

A. at random     B. by chance    C. in turn        D. on occasion

4.(2013﹒江苏)With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for  the  better.

A. share         B. chance        C. turn         D. lead[

5.(2013﹒江西)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ______.

A.curiosity   B. satisfaction  C. envy        D. patience

6.(2013﹒辽宁)The accident caused some______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.

A. harm          B. injury         C. ruin        D. damage

7.(2013﹒天津)While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ for fine art.

A. way            B. relation         C. taste         D. habit

8.(2013﹒浙江)As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern.

A. worth           B. supply         C. package         D. list

9.(2013﹒福建) The “Chinese Dream” is ______ dream to improve people’s well-being and ______ dream of harmony, peace and development.

A. the； a           B. a； a           C. a； the             D. the； the

10.(2013﹒江西) Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.

A. a ； /     B. the ； the   C. a ； the    D. / ； /

11.(2013﹒山东) It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.
A. 不填；a     B. a； the         C. the； a         D. the； 不填

12.(2013﹒陕西) Marco Polo is said to have sailed on       Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in      I thirteenth century.

A. the； a           B. a； /            C. /； the             D. the； the

13.(2013﹒新课标II) Four and    half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and    break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.

A. a； a            B. the； the         C.不填；the          D. a；不填

14.(2013﹒新课标I) India attained          independence in 1947, after           long struggle.

A.不填；a   B. the； a      C. an；不填       D. an； the

15.(2013﹒浙江) People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these preferences affect learning.

A. a； an          B. a； 不填             C. 不填； the        D. the； an

16.(2013﹒重庆) The parents were shocked by      news that their son needed      operation on his knee.

A. a；/             B. the； /            C. the； an            D. a； an

【2012年】

1.(2012﹒浙江)Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.

A. operation     B. growth   C. performance     D. character

2.(2012﹒湖北)It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.

A. symptom      B. similarity        C. sample        D. shadow

3.(2012﹒湖北)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.

A. pattern       B. procedure     C. program      D. perspective

4.(2012﹒江苏)— Can I help you with it?

— I appreciate your , but I can manage it myself.

A. advice B. question C. offer    D. idea

5.(2012﹒江西)You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future      .

A．purpose     B．reference   C．progress    D．memory

6.(2012﹒四川)He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.

A. luck               B. value              C. time           D. fact

7.(2012﹒全国卷II)The Harry Potter books are quite popular； they are in great ______ in this city.

A. quantity   B. progress    C. production    D. demand

8.(2012﹒天津)You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation.

A. promise    B. lead    C. balance    D. diary

9.(2012﹒全国卷II)He missed _____gold in the high jump, but will get _____second chance in the long jump.

A. the, the          B. /, a            C. the, a        D. a, /

10.(2012﹒江西)The Smiths don’t usually stay at         hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.

A．/； a            B．the； the      C．/； the     D．the； a

11.(2012﹒浙江)The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.

A. 不填, the        B. the； a           C. a； 不填     D. a； a

12.(2012﹒安徽)Carl is studying       food science at college and hopes to open up       meat processing factory of his own one day.

A.  / ； a        B. / ；the      C. the ； a        D. the ； the  

13.(2012﹒重庆)Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George.

 A. /,/            B. the,/          C the the        D./, the

14.(2012﹒辽宁)I woke up with      bad headache, yet by      evening the pain had gone.

A.  the； the         B.  the； an        C.  a； the          D.  a； an

15.(2012﹒全国新课程) Sarah looked at       finished painting with          satisfaction.

A.不填；a          B. a； the          C. the； 不填        D. the； a

16.(2012﹒全国新课程) Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.

A. the； the     B. a； a      C. a； 不填     D. 不填；a