2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 5 On the road

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 5 On the road，共9页。

Unit 5　On the road
阅读·提速练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
For some of us who long to travel，it can be difficult to find someone to journey with.Friends and family members are tied down in jobs，struggling to save money，and don’t always want to go to the same places.The solution，of course，is to go alone.
Melbourne，Australia
Melbourne is a hot-spot travel destination，which has beautiful beaches as well as busy and lively city life.Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel，and because of that，many solo(单独的) travelers go there.Melbourne is incredibly easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!
Thailand
Thailand is great for solo travelers—perhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mentality，which promotes equality among the sexes.Thailand is known for its friendly hospitality，and as a travel hot-spot，there are plenty of chances to meet other like-minded travelers.Overall known for being very cheap，especially in the north，it’s a good choice if you want to get away on a budget.
Bhutan
Bhutan is one of the most cultural countries in the world.It is also home to the world’s highest unclimbed peak，Gangkhar Puensum.The mountain is sacred(神圣的) and entry is only possible on a pre-booked tour，where you are accompanied around by your own personal guide.Plastic bags have been banned in Bhutan since 1999 and in 2004，it became the first country in the world to outlaw tobacco.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica is a great place if you’re looking for adventure，with surfing，volcanoes and other recreational activities.You’ll never get a chance to feel lonely because there’s an abundance of exciting adventures to experience! Costa Rica has never seen political unrest，class struggles or revolutions commonly associated with other Latin American Countries.What’s more，it doesn’t have or need an army because it’s such a peaceful country.
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚墨尔本、泰国、不丹和哥斯达黎加四个旅游地点。

1．Which place is suitable for travelers short of money?
A．Melbourne，Australia. B．Thailand.
C．Bhutan. D．Costa Rica.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据文中Thailand下面的最后一句“Overall known for being very cheap，especially in the north，it’s a good choice if you want to get away on a budget.”可知，泰国的所有物品价格低廉，尤其是在北部。由此可知，如果想要节省开支，泰国是一个不错的选择。故选B项。
2．What can we learn about travelling in Bhutan?
A．You can climb the mountain without booking ahead.
B．You can prepare some plastic bags for your rubbish.
C．You can experience the rich culture there.
D．Smoking is allowed at the foot of the mountain.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据文中Bhutan下面的第一句“Bhutan is one of the most cultural countries in the world.”可知，不丹是世界上最有文化的国家之一，所以旅行者在不丹能够感受到丰富的文化气息。故选C项。
3．Where does this text probably come from?
A．A historical document.
B．A science magazine.
C．A travel guide.
D．A book review.
答案　C
解析　文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章主要向读者介绍了澳大利亚墨尔本、泰国、不丹和哥斯达黎加四个旅游地的特点。所以这篇文章应该选自旅游指南。故选C项。
B
(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨期中)
For the brave in the armed forces，being sent away from home for months at a time is just part of the duty.However，it’s never an easy one to perform especially for those with children.So when I found out I was going to be stationed in South Korea for a year，I was nervous about how my five children，particularly my eldest daughter Abigail，would take the news since it meant I wouldn’t be home to see her graduate from high school.
Incredibly，Abigail told me not to worry and even suggested we live stream the event among family members when I leaked the news.“We’ve been lucky you haven’t had to be sent abroad yet.Anyway we can get connected through the Internet.See me on your phone on my spot，” Abigail said.She stepped into many of my roles when I was gone.I wanted to find a way to thank her and show her how proud I was of her.I started planning the special surprise when my request to return home a few weeks early to attend Abigail’s graduation ceremony was approved.
When my time in South Korea finally came to an end，I flew home，rented a car，and stayed in a hotel.And on Abigail’s graduation day，I hid in an office behind the stage waiting until I heard my daughter’s name called.I just kept thinking “Don’t cry.Don’t trip in your heels.Don’t fall over.” At last！Abigail was up on stage.I slipped up behind her，whispered in her ear，and around she turned! “I was just thinking，like，‘You aren’t supposed to be here.What? What? How？’ It was the biggest shock...I’m pretty sure my dad made people he didn’t even know cry.Emotional for everyone，” Abigail cried.
You know what followed: Embraces，kisses，tears，laughs，flowers，wishes...Aren’t they what a family has in store?
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者要离家几个月去执勤，但最放心不下大女儿的高中毕业典礼。作者精心筹划了一个惊喜，最后孩子看到父亲的一刹那，无比的感动和高兴。

4．What worried the author most?
A．His duty in South Korea.
B．His five children’s safety.
C．His eldest daughter’s study.
D．His absence from a big event.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was nervous about how my five children，particularly my eldest daughter Abigail，would take the news since it meant I wouldn’t be home to see her graduate from high school.”可知，作者最担心的是他会缺席大女儿的毕业典礼。故选D项。
5．What is the probable meaning of the underlined phrase “live stream” in Paragraph 2?
A．Plan. B．Celebrate.
C．Prepare. D．Broadcast.
答案　D
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Anyway we can get connected through the Internet.See me on your phone on my spot”可知，不管怎样作者可以通过网络观看女儿的毕业典礼。由此可推测live stream意为“直播”，与broadcast意义相近。故选D项。
6．How did Abigail feel when meeting the author?
A．Embarrassed. B．Overjoyed.
C．Nervous. D．Satisfied.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中Abigail哭着说的话可知，Abigail当时特别高兴。故选B项。
7．What does the author mainly intend to express by telling the story?
A．A soldier’s personal sacrifice.
B．A father’s love for his family.
C．The meaning of family bond.
D．The way to plan a big surprise.
答案　C
解析　写作意图题。通读整篇文章并根据最后一段可知，作者是想通过这个故事告诉大家亲情的意义。故选C项。
C
Although we’re surrounded by millions of them every day，most of us don’t think about bricks too often.For thousands of years，the humble clay-fired brick hasn’t changed.
They’re made from natural materials，but there are problems with bricks at every step of their production.Bricks are made from clay—a type of soil found all over the world.Clay mining harms plant growth.In conventional brick production，the clay is shaped and baked in kilns(窑) heated by fossil fuels，which contributes to climate change.Once made，bricks must be transported to construction sites，generating more carbon emissions.With so many bricks produced globally，their impact adds up.
Gabriela Medero，a professor at Scotland’s Heriot-Watt University，decided to find solutions to that.With her university’s support，Medero set up Kenoteq in 2009.The company’s signature product is the K-Briq.Made from more than 90% of construction waste，Medero says the K-Briq，which does not need to be fired in a kiln，produces less than a tenth of the carbon emissions of conventional bricks.With the company testing new machinery to start manufacturing，Medero hopes her bricks will help to build a more sustainable world.
The K-Briq will be comparably priced to old bricks.Additionally，as a new product，the K-Briq has been subjected to strict assessment and authoritative certification.Reusing old bricks is an expensive process and there is no standardized way to check the strength，safety or durability(耐久性) of recycled bricks.Medero says that K-Briqs could solve both these problems.She claims that K-Briqs are stronger and more durable than fired clay bricks.
Over the next 18 months，Medero plans to get K-Briq machinery on-site at recycling plants.“This will reduce transport-related emissions because trucks can collect K-Briqs when they drop off construction waste，” says Medero.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新型的K­Briq砖块可以减少碳排放，避免环境问题，比烧制的黏土砖更坚固、耐用、环保。

8．What inspired Medero to reinvent the conventional bricks?
A．The poor quality of the bricks.
B．The outdated style of the bricks.
C．The high cost of manufacturing bricks.
D．The problems with the brick production.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“With so many bricks produced globally，their impact adds up.”可知，砖块生产中存在的问题激发了Medero改造传统砖块。故答案为D。
9．Why is the K-Briq production sustainable?
A．It won’t produce extra waste.
B．It brings no pollution to the air.
C．The plants occupy much less land than before.
D．The products are mainly made from construction waste.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第四句可知，因为这类产品主要由建筑废料制成，所以它的生产是可持续的。故答案为D。
10．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The popularity of the K-Briqs.
B．The advantages of K-Briqs over traditional bricks.
C．The special materials used in K-Briqs.
D．The advanced technology used for K-Briqs.
答案　B
解析　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段把K-Briqs和传统砖块在价格和坚固程度上进行比较，K-Briqs更具优势。所以第四段主要是讲K-Briqs砖块相对于传统砖块的优势。故答案为B。
11．Why does Medero decide to put K-Briq machinery at recycling factories?
A．To ensure fewer emissions.
B．To speed up the production.
C．To lower the production cost.
D．To collect more construction waste.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Medero计划将K-Briqs机器放在回收工厂的现场，这将减少与交通相关的排放。由此可推知，这样做的目的是保证更少的排放量。故答案为A。
D
Pinocchio may be just a children’s fairy tale，but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated this so-called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses don’t grow when we tell a lie，but actually shrink a bit.
Dr.Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography(体温计) to tell if people were lying，and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful，the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2℃，while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃.Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink，although the difference is undetected by the human eye.
“One has to think in order to lie，which rises the temperature of the forehead，” Dr.Gómez Milán explained the findings.“At the same time we feel anxious，which lowers the temperature of the nose.”
For this study，researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while their temperature is scanned by technology.One of these tasks required making a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents or a friend and telling a significant lie.Participants had to make up the lie themselves during the call.Interestingly，this lie detector picked up the “Pinocchio effect” temperature difference in 80 percent of the test subjects，which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.
“With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy，” said Dr.Gómez Milán，who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.
语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章通过提到“匹诺曹效应”引入话题介绍了一种红外热像测谎仪，这种仪器现在已经被认为是世界上最可信的测谎仪。

12．Why does the writer talk about Pinocchio in the first paragraph?
A．To tell a fairy tale.
B．To give an example.
C．To talk about a scientist.
D．To introduce the topic.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可推知，作者在第一段中谈到“匹诺曹”的目的是引入“匹诺曹效应”的研究话题。故选D。
13．What is “Pinocchio effect” according to Dr.Gómez Milán?
A．Our noses will grow when we tell a lie.
B．Our noses will shrink when we tell a lie.
C．The temperature of the forehead falls if we lie.
D．The temperature of the forehead remains stable if we lie.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，西班牙科学家最近对这种所谓的“匹诺曹效应”进行了研究，发现我们在说谎时鼻子不会变大，而是会缩小一点。故选B。
14．How did Dr.Gómez Milán feel about the lie detector?
A．Doubtful. B．Surprised.
C．Confident. D．Puzzled.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和最后一段中的“With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy”可知，Gómez Milán博士对测谎仪的作用很有信心。故选C。
15．What lesson can we learn from the text?
A．A lie will travel very hard.
B．Many ways to bring a liar to light.
C．A lie never lives to be old.
D．Once a liar always a liar.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Gómez Milán博士补充说，执法人员可能有一天可以将其他测谎技术与热成像技术相结合，以获得更好的结果。由此可推知，揭露谎言的方法有很多。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
Superfoods are things you eat that do more than satisfy your hunger because they help your body work better and be better.Think of your body as a car. 1 Our bodies are just the same.
Eating superfoods can change your life in many ways. 2 One reason for this is that many superfoods are naturally low in calories.Another reason is that sticking to eating them is very easy.
With most diets，people concentrate on what shouldn’t be eaten.With superfoods，they focus on all the great things they can eat. 3 Eating superfoods over time helps keep you looking young，fights heart disease and cures Type Ⅱ diabetes and some cancers.
4 While many are low in calories，some，such as whole grains，are still high in them.Eating just superfoods won’t make you instantly healthier.
Instead，getting a wide variety of foods，superfoods included，and doing your best to make healthy choices is the better solution.
Besides，with all the energy that is packed in superfoods，you will be ready for any challenge that awaits you.If you want to start adding superfoods to your diet，do it at your own pace. 5
A．However，you should not eat just superfoods.
B．Taking one small step makes it easier to take the next.
C．That is very true because you are eating energy-filled food.
D．The better the gas you put in your car，the better it will run.
E．There are other benefits to adding them to your diet as well.
F．Lastly，whether superfoods benefit your health remains to be seen.
G．Not surprisingly，people who start eating them lose weight quickly.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了超级食物对人体的好处。

1．答案　D
解析　根据前文“Think of your body as a car.”可知，作者将身体比喻为一辆车。由此可推知，设空句应进一步以车为主题进行讲述。选项D符合语境。故选D项。
2．答案　G
解析　根据后文“One reason for this is that many superfoods are naturally low in calories.”可知，许多超级食物本身热量就很低。由此可推知，设空句应涉及“减肥”话题。选项G中提及了“lose weight”，符合语境。故选G项。
3．答案　E
解析　根据后文“Eating superfoods over time helps keep you looking young，fights heart disease and cures TypeⅡ diabetes and some cancers.”可推知，设空句在该句之前应是对该句进行总结的概括句，以起到引出下文的作用。选项E为概括句含义，且句中的“other benefits”与后文的举例相呼应。故选E项。
4．答案　A
解析　根据后文“While many are low in calories，some，such as whole grains，are still high in them.”可知，本段在讲述超级食物的“弊端”，设空句作为本段首句，应起到与前文形成转折关系，并引出后文的作用。选项A中的“However”与前文形成了转折关系，且与后文形成了解释关系，前后文衔接紧密。故选A项。
5．答案　B
解析　根据前文“If you want to start adding superfoods to your diet，do it at your own pace.”可知，设空句应是承接前文继续讲述“按照自己的节奏”如何做。选项B进一步讲述了如何按照自己的节奏，符合语境。故选B项。