2021高考英语小题狂练（Day 18）

这是一份2021高考英语小题狂练（Day 18），共9页。试卷主要包含了 hw many等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Passage （A）
Arund 45% f plastic waste is recycled annually in the UK and plastic waste is n the increase.Hwever,ne f the prblems with present plastic recycling methds is that yu end up with a lwer-quality plastic with wrse prperties (特性) than the riginal.This means that plastic drink bttles cannt simply be recycled int new drink bttles cntinuusly,but instead are used fr ther lwer-grade prducts like park benches.
Nw,British scientists have develped a new methd f chemical recycling.They use lwer temperatures and mre envirnmentally friendly chemicals than previus methds t turn plastics back int their cnstituent chemical mlecules (分子).In this way,they can be used t make new plastics f the same quality as the riginal.
“Mst plastics are nw recycled using mechanical methds,where they are transfrmed int liquids befre being made int smething new,”said a prfessr named Matthew Jnes.“The prblem is,melting plastic changes its prperties and reduces the quality.Our methd f chemical recycling vercmes this prblem.Then plastics can be used all ver again withut lsing any prperties.”
The researchers are recycling sme kinds f plastics,including plant-based PLA,a plastic used fr fd packaging and PET,which is used fr drink bttles.S far,the technlgy has nly been demnstrated in a small range.Hwever,scientists are nw wrking t prduce larger quantities f chemicals.
“There is n single slutin t the prblem f plastic waste—the apprach has t be a cmbinatin f reducing,reusing and recycling.Our methd f chemical recycling culd allw carbn t be recycled endlessly rather than digging mre up frm the grund in the frm f fssil fuels,r letting it int the atmsphere as a greenhuse gas,”said Dr.Paul McKewn frm the University f Bath.
1.What is the prblem with the present plastic recycling?
A.The quality f recycled plastics declines.
B.Plastic drink bttles cannt be recycled.
C.The amunt f plastic waste is increasing.
D.Recycled lwer-grade prducts sell badly.
2.Hw d scientists recycle plastic waste with the new methd?
A.By transfrming it int fuels.
B.By heating it int the liquid state.
C.By keeping its riginal prperties.
D.By changing its mlecule structure.
3.What can we learn frm what Dr.Paul McKewn said?
A.Fssil fuels are endless resurces.
B.The plastic waste prblem has n slutin.
C.Recycled carbn leads t greenhuse gases.
D.The chemical recycling is envirnmentally friendly.
4.In which part f the website can we find the text?
A.Business.
B.Technlgy & Science.
C.Lifestyle.
D.Art & Culture.
Passage （B）
Imagine being a business that regularly takes huge quantities f yur wn prducts wrth millins f punds and burns them up. Yur stck literally ges up in smke. It sunds crazy, but the practice is cmmn fr sme f the wrld’s biggest clthing manufacturers. They argue that it is the mst cst-effective way f maintaining their brand’s exclusivity (独特性).
The clthes that are burned are thse that d nt sell at a high enugh price. Rather than watch them g n sale, the cmpanies wuld set fire t them and regain a small amunt f energy.
Nbdy knws exactly hw much unsld stck is burnt annually by thse fashin huses, but burning clthes has varius negative impacts n the envirnment. Fr example, burning clthes made frm artificial fibers may release plastic micrfibers int the atmsphere, which wrsens glbal warming. A UK parliamentary cmmittee reprt n sustainability and the fashin industry advises the gvernment t ban the burning f unsld stck if it can be reused r recycled.
Actually, there are ther appraches. What if thse cmpanies had a sectin tasked with taking back unsld clthes, redesigning them int new prducts, and shipping ut the new prducts t the market nce again?
There is als nw an pprtunity t fcus n bidegradable (可生物降解的)fabrics. Clthes that break dwn faster might nt have t be burned. They wuld als appeal t thse wh care abut the envirnmental impact f their wn wardrbes.
Additinally, we have an ver-prductin prblem. Accrding t the Wrld Bank, while clthing sales have risen steadily since 2000, clthing utilizatin has fallen at rughly the same rate. Fr every extra T-shirt that is sld, it will be wrn rughly half as much as it wuld have been 20 years ag. That means better frecasting market trends wuld in thery result in less waste.
Burning clthes wn’t happen simply thrugh fashin firms. The scale f fashin prductin has t change. And it’s imprtant t recgnize that these cnsumer-fcused brands will nly g where the market takes them. If prtecting the envirnment really matters t the public, they have t make clear that they want mre sustainable clthing in the first place. Withut cnsumers demanding that, it wn’t change.
1. What des Paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Why fashin firms shuld end burning unsld stck.
B. Hw artificial fabrics will cntribute t glbal warming.
C. Hw imprtant the UK parliamentary cmmittee reprt is.
D. Why fashin firms burn unsld clthes in large numbers every year.
2. The underlined expressin “clthing utilizatin” in the 6th paragraph means “ ”.
A. hw lng clthing lasts
B. hw well clthing sells
C. hw ften clthing is used
D. hw clthing is designed
3. All the fllwing pssible slutins are mentined in the passage t deal with unsld clthes except .
A. making cnsumers feel better abut their purchases
B. redesigning and making them int many new clthes
C. cnducting research n market demand befre prductin
D. making clthes ut f envirnmentally-friendly materials
4. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Tday’s clthes are better than thse tw decades ag.
B. Cnsumers play a key rle in stpping burning clthes.
C. Burning clthes is a better ptin fr every fashin firm.
D. The secret that sme fashin firms burn clthes is well kept.
Passage （C）
Luther Yunger is a 99-year-ld lving husband.His wife came dwn with cancer nine years ag,and dctrs 1 she’d have just five years t live. 2 ,the cuple have remained strng.
Over the last nine years,Luther takes a six-mile 3 every day t visit his wife in the hspital.He always stays by her side,encuraging her,shwering her with 4 and their daily kiss.Luther culd get a ride r even take the bus,but he 5 t walk the whle jurney t help clear his mind and t 6 everything abut his wife.Passers-by ften recgnize Luther and stp t ffer him a ride,but he 7 their kindness.His daily walk is 8 f hw much he lves his wife.
Luther’s daughter hped he culd 9 accept rides,especially n extremely ht and snwy days,but Luther 10 walking himself s she just lets him have it his way.
11 walking six miles each day in the heat and snw wuld be t much,when yu’ve walked thrugh 12 with smene,what’s anther six miles?Luther is always 13 t leave his lve befre returning hme,but he knws that each tmrrw, 14 the weather,he will be n his way again.He can’t bear t live a single day withut 15 his wife.
B.imaginedC.advisedD.thught
B.TherefreC.InsteadD.Besides
B.walkC.rideD.flight
B.trustC.lveD.sympathy
B.hesitatesC.failsD.prefers
B.suspectC.ignreD.discver
B.crrectsC.declinesD.cnsiders
B.prfC.trialD.rigin
B.graduallyC.finallyD.ccasinally
nB.turns tC.sets abutD.takes up
B.IfC.WhileD.Until
B.grwthC.marriageD.adulthd
B.sadC.eagerD.guilty
tB.rather thanC.apart frmD.regardless f
B.mentiningC.seeingD.calling
Passage （D）
Mving silently thrugh Alibaba Grup Hlding Ltd’s “FlyZ” htel,black disc-shaped rbts abut a metre in height deliver fd and drp ff fresh twels.
The rbts are part f a set f high-tech tls that Alibaba says extremely 1. (cut) the htel’s cst f human labur and remves the need fr guests t interact 2. ther peple.
Inside the htel,sftly-lit white panelled walls bring t mind 3. insides f Hllywd spaceships.Guests check in at receptin desks that scan 4. (they) faces,as well as passprts r ther ID.5. (visit) with a Chinese natinal ID can scan their faces using their smartphnes t check in ahead f time.
At the htel’s restaurant,taller capsule-shaped rbts deliver fd that guests 6. (rder) via the FlyZ app while at a separate bar,a large rbtic arm can mix mre than 20 different types f ccktails.Facial recgnitin cameras add charges t the rm rate 7. (autmatic).
The htel des emply humans,but Alibaba refused 8. (tell) hw many.This includes chefs and cleaners as well as receptin staff,9. will assist with cnventinal check-in prcedures fr guests unwilling t have their faces 10. (scan) and want t use electrnic key cards.
Passage （E）
“Overweight children and teenagers aged between 5 and 18 in China 1. (reach) 8. 5 millin in 2025—a number 2. surpasses (超过) the ppulatin f a small cuntry,” a study said.
Accrding t the study, amng the bese Chinese yuth, millins f them 3. (reprt) t suffer frm all kinds f diseases. It als stated that in all there wuld be 268 millin verweight schl-aged children wrldwide by 2025, 4. (include) 91 millin bese children, if n effective 5. (measure) culd be taken t stp the existing trends. Inactivity and the cnsumptin f junk fd and sda drink cntributed 6. the grwing number f verweight yuth in the wrld. 7. (respnd) t the increase f bese children in China, the State Cuncil released a guideline this year. The guideline aimed t prevent mre children 8. becming bese and it urged that the lcal gvernment in China 9. (strength) the training f medical staff arund children’s health and prmte knwledge f 10. (balance) eating and drinking habits amng their parents.
A：参考答案
1.A 根据第一段第二句“Hwever,ne f the prblems with present plastic recycling methds is that yu end up with a lwer-quality plastic with wrse prperties (特性) than the riginal.”可知,目前的塑料回收利用方法存在的一个问题是,最终得到的是特性比原来质量差的特性较低的塑料。故选A项。
2.C 根据第三段最后一句“Then plastics can be used all ver again withut lsing any prperties”可知,科学家开发的新的回收利用塑料废物的方法维持了塑料原有的特性,故选C项。
3D 根据第五段中的“Our methd f chemical letting it int the atmsphere as a greenhuse gas”可知,他认为化学回收利用的方法可以让碳无休止地循环利用,而不是以化石燃料的形式从地下挖掘出更多的碳,或者让碳作为温室气体进入大气。由此可知,他认为化学回收利用的方法是环保的。故选D项。
4.B 本文分析了目前的塑料废物回收利用方法存在的问题,并介绍了一种科学家新开发的可以维持塑料原有特性的回收利用方法。由此可知,本文可能出自网站的科学与技术版块。故选B项。
B：参考答案
1. A 主旨题。根据第3段内容可知, 燃烧未售出的衣服可能会加剧全球变暖, 从而对环境造成负面影响, 因此时装公司应该停止燃烧未售出的库存。
2. C 词义推断题。根据下文“Fr every extra T-shirt that is sld, it will be wrn rughly half as much as it wuld have been 20 years ag.”可知, 每多卖出一件T恤, 人们穿这件衣服的次数就会比在20年前少一半左右。由此可知, 虽然服装销量自2000年以来稳步上升, 但服装利用率却有所下降。故画线短语意思为“衣服多久使用一次”。
3. A 细节题。通读全文可知, 文章并没有提到A项所述的内容是处理未售出衣服的可行方法。
4. B 细节题。根据最后一段中的“If prtecting the envirnment really matters t the public, they have t make clear that they want mre sustainable clthing in the first place, Withut cnsumers demanding that, it wn’t change.”可知, 消费者在阻止燃烧衣服方面起着关键作用。
C：参考答案
本文是一篇记叙文。Luther的妻子患有癌症,医生说她只剩五年时间,但是夫妻俩很坚强。Luther九年如一日地坚持每天步行去医院看妻子,表现了Luther对妻子深深的爱。
1.D 根据上文可知,他的妻子九年前患了癌症,下文说她只剩五年时间了,可推测是医生“认为”。reprt“报告”;imagine“想象”;advise“建议”;think“认为”。故选D项。
2.A 根据语境可知,此处前后是转折关系。hwever“然而”;therefre“因此”;instead“反而”;besides“除此以外”。故选A项。
3.B 根据下文“but he 5 t walk the whle jurney”可知,此处是“走路”去医院。drive“驾驶”;walk“走路”;ride“骑车”;flight“飞行”。故选B项。
4.C 根据下文的“His daily walk is 8 f hw much he lves his wife.”可知,此处是他对妻子的“爱”。relief“释放”;trust“信任”;lve“爱”;sympathy“同情”。故选C项。
5.D 由上文及“but”一词可知,他“更喜欢”走完全程。agree“同意”;hesitate“犹豫”;fail“失败”;prefer“更喜欢”。故选D项。
6.A 根据语境可知,丈夫在去看望妻子的路上“回忆”以前的事情。recall“回忆”;suspect“怀疑”;ignre“忽视”;discver“发现”。故选A项。
7.C 根据上文“Luther takes a six-mile 3 every day t visit his wife in the hspital”可知,他没搭车,所以此处是他“拒绝”了别人的好意。dislike“不喜欢”;crrect“纠正”;decline“拒绝”;cnsider“考虑”。故选C项。
8.B 根据上下文可知,丈夫九年如一日地走路去医院看妻子,是爱妻子的“证明”。mtivatin“动机”;prf“证明”;trial“审判”;rigin“起源”。故选B项。
9.D 根据下文的“especially n extremely ht and snwy days”可知,此处是“偶尔”搭便车。actually“实际上”;gradually“逐渐地”;finally“最终”;ccasinally“偶尔地”。故选D项。
10.A 由“but”一词可知Luther“坚持”自己走,所以他女儿让他按自己的方式去做。insist n“坚持”;turn t“转向”;set abut“开始”;take up“从事”。故选A项。
11.B 根据下文可知,此处为一个条件状语从句,缺少连词“如果”。because“因为”;if“如果”;while“然而”;until“直到”。故选B项。
12.A 根据语境可知,此处是将每天走六英里和走一辈子对比。life“一生,生活”;grwth“成长”;marriage“婚姻”;adulthd“成年”。故选A项。
13.B 根据下文的“He can’t bear t live a single day withut 15 his wife.”可知,回家前,要离开他的爱,Luther 总是很“难过”。grateful“感激的”;sad“难过的”;eager“渴望的”;guilty“内疚的”。故选B项。
14.D 根据上文可知,Luther九年间没有间断,所以“不管”天气如何,他都会步行去医院看望妻子。thanks t“由于”;rather than“而不是”;apart frm“除了”;regardless f“不管”。故选D项。
15.C 根据上文可知,Luther离开妻子会难过,因此他不能忍受哪怕一天见不到他的妻子。supprt“支持”;mentin“提到”;see“看见”;call“打电话”。故选C项。
D：参考答案
1.cuts 考查谓语动词。阿里巴巴说这些高科技工具极大地降低了酒店的人力成本。分析句子可知,本空格在that后的定语从句中作谓语动词。由and后面的remves可知,本句要用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数,故填cuts。
2.with 考查固定搭配中的介词。句意:不再需要客人与其他人之间的交流互动。interact with 为固定搭配,意为“与……互动”。故填with。
3.the 考查冠词。句意:在酒店里,柔和的白色镶板墙让人想起了好莱坞宇宙飞船的内部。本空格是特指“好莱坞宇宙飞船的内部”,要用定冠词the。
4.their 考查代词。句意:客人在前台通过扫描他们的脸,以及护照或其他身份证件办理登记手续。句子的主语是客人们,前台扫描的是客人们的脸,故填their。
5.Visitrs 考查名词。句意:持有中国国家身份证的游客可以使用智能手机提前扫描自己的脸来登记。由句中的“their faces”可知,本题填名词的复数Visitrs。
6.have rdered 考查动词的时态。句意:更高的胶囊状机器人向通过FlyZ应用程序订购食物的客人提供食物。由语境可知,此处要用现在完成时。故填have rdered。
7.autmatically 考查副词。句意:面部识别摄像机会自动将费用加到房价中。分析句子可知,本空格在句中作状语修饰动词add,因此要用副词autmatically。
8.t tell 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管这家酒店确实雇用了员工,但阿里巴巴拒绝透露雇佣人数。refuse t d sth.意为“拒绝做某事”。
9.wh 考查定语从句关系代词。句意:这包括厨师、清洁工以及接待人员,他们将协助不愿意做面部扫描并想使用电子钥匙卡的……。引导一个定语从句,代替指人的先行词chefs and cleaners as well as receptin staff,故填wh。
10.scanned 考查非谓语动词。句意:他们将协助那些不愿接受面部扫描、希望使用电子钥匙卡的客人办理常规的入住手续。“have+宾语+dne”表示宾语与作补语的动词二者是被动关系,要用过去分词scanned。
E：参考答案
1. will reach 根据时间状语in 2025可知, 此处表示发生在将来的事情, 故用一般将来时。
2. that/which 分析句子结构可知, 设空处引导一个定语从句, 关系词在从句中作主语, 指物, 故填that/which。
3. were reprted reprt 与其主语之间是动宾关系, 故用被动语态;此处表示发生在过去的事情, 故用一般过去时。
4. including 此处表示“包括9100万肥胖儿童”, 用介词, 故填including。
5. measures 根据空前的形容词可知, 此处应用名词, 且表示复数意义, 故填measures。
6. t cntribute t“促成;导致”。
7. T respnd 此处用不定式作目的状语。
8. frm “防止……;预防……”。
9. (shuld) strengthen 动词urge后接宾语从句时, 从句要用虚拟语气, 即“shuld +动词原形”, shuld可以省略。
10. balanced 设空处修饰名词短语eating and drinking habits, 故用balance的形容词形式。
目录
内容
Passage A
说明文阅读
Passage B
记叙文阅读
Passage C
完型填空
Passage D
语法填空
Passage E
语法填空