北京市2018年中考英语试题（word版，含解析）

这是一份北京市2018年中考英语试题（word版，含解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了单项填空，完形填空，文段表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
知识运用（共14分）
一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brther and I like ftball. play it tgether nce a week.
A. I B. They C. We D. Yu
2. Happy birthday, Peter! Here’s a gift yu.
A. fr B. in C. with D. frm
3. —— d yu usually g t schl, Mary?
——By bike.
A. When B. Hw C. Where D. Why
4. Many peple like pandas they are cute.
A. thugh B. if C. while D. because
5. I g nw, r I'll miss my train.
A. can B. might C. must D. culd
6. Tny is f the three bys, but he is the tallest.
A. yung B. yunger C. yungest D. the yungest
7. Bill likes reading. He picture bks with his dad every evening.
A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read
8. ——Paul, what were yu ding at nine Last night?
——I a mvie in the cinema with my friends.
A. was watching B. watch C. have watched D. will watch
9. David a tennis player,He t play tennis when he was six years 1d.
A. begins B. will begin C. began D. has begun
10. ——Lucy, is yur uncle a teacher?
——Yes,he is.He histry fr nearly 20 years.
A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching D. will teach
11. A new internatinal airprt in the city next year.
A. cmpletes B. is cmpleted
C. will cmplete D. will be cmpleted
12. ——Alice, culd yu tell me Lndn?
——Sure. Last Sunday
when Mr.Smith left B. when Mr.Smith wi11 leave
C. when did Mr.Smith leave D. when will Mr.Smith leave
二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Real Slutins（解决方法） t Prblems
Thirty engineers were wrking as a team in a cmpany. They were yung and eager t learn. The management decided t teach them abut finding real slutins t prblems
One day, the team was called fr a 13 in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall hlding varius 14 . As they entered, they fund a bx placed in the center, full f flat ballns
The manager asked everyne t pick a balln and blw it up. Then they were asked t write their names n their respective(各自的)ballns 15 s that the ballns wuldn’t blw ut. All tried, but nt everyne was 16 . Five ballns blew ut due t pressure（压力）.
Thse wh failed t mark their names n the ballns were 17 ut f the game. As a result, 25 engineers came t the next level. All the ballns carrying their names were 18 and then put int a rm, here and there.
The engineers were tld t pick the balln with his r her name n, All the 25 engineers began t search fr the respective ballns in a rush. It was almst 15 minutes but n ne was able t 19 the right ne. The secnd level f the game was ver.
Then came the final level. the engineers were asked t pick any balln and give it t persn named n the balln. Within a cuple f minutes, all ballns 20 the hands f the respective engineers.
The manager annunced this was the real slutin t the prblem. Many times in ur life,sharing and helping thers give us real slutins t prblems.
阅读理解（共36分）
三、阅读下列短文．根据短文内容，从文后各所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）
A
Rger:Hi,there！It was my 15th birthday last Saturday.Sme f my friends and Alan.my cusin，came t celebrate it. Everyne brught me a gift,we played games，sang sngs and had a big birthday cake. It was really a wnderful day! Did yu d anything special last week?
Jessica:Yes,My class were n a schl field trip last week.First,We went t the University f Nrth Carlina t learn abut the histry f its basketball team. Many basketball stars were students there. Then we visited a museum. We learned abut hw the plane was invented and tk many pictures there.
Sara:Well, I was lucky enugh t g t a cnference（会议） n charity(慈善) last Wednesday. I was excited t meet a lt f kind peple there. One f them was a by named Richard. He spke at the cnference abut the charity wrk that he had dne in the past few years.
Martin:It was a different week than usual,Last Thursday, my schl band（乐队） went t Atlanta t perfrm in a cmpetitin.I played the vilin and we wn a prize! On Friday we went t the Gergia Aquarium and gt t see different kinds f sea life frm ver the wrld. It was really cl!
21. When did Rger have his birthday party?
A.Last Wednesday B. last thursday
C.Last Friday D.Last Saturday.
22．Wh went n a schl field trip last week?
A.Alan. B.Jessica C.Sara D.Richard.
23.Martin went t Atlanta
A.speak at a cnference B.rganize a party
C.perfrm in a cmpetitin D.visit a university
B
A Beautiful Mment
When I was in high schl.I wrked part-time helping Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a matket. One day，as I was preparing the fruits. A little by came by with his mm and sister. He was abut eight years ld，and the girl.five r six. They were lking the fruits in frnt f me. I heard the kids say t their mm(in French),"They're gd!" I knew it was French. Because I can speak and understand it.
Then I nticed hw mm was picking the fruits.At first I thught she was really lking at the fruits because she was facing them. But then I nticed hw much she had t feel and smell each ne as she picked them ut. And ften asked her sn if it lked kay, but lked way abve where his face was. Putting what I saw tgether,I was sure she was blind.
Bth f the kids cntinued t help their mm pick ut the fruits .The sn made sure the fruits were nt bviusly bad, and the daughter handed them t her mm. The wman then felt each ne and smiled, and the daughter wuld put them int their basket .The kids were smiling while helping their mm pick the fruits ut.
Their smile and gentle manner mved me in a way that never happened befre .It was s beautiful t see such yung kids s willingly help. Mst kids that age wuld be picking ut candies r tys in a stre fr themselves, instead f helping their mm pick ut fruits as the tw kids did.
It was great t witness the mment, but nt s great because I didn’t tell the mm hw beautiful her children were in their language .this is what I regret t this day.
24. The wmen and her kids came t the market t buy .
A. fruits B. vegetables C. candies D. tys
25. Accrding t what he saw, the writer was sure the mther culdn’t .
A. speak B. see C. smell D. hear
26. The writer was mved because .
A. the mther was brave t face her prblems.
B. the kids were plite and kind t each ther
C. the mther was careful in picking ut things
D. the kids were s willing t help their mther
C
Sme primary schlchildren have been raised in hmes with mre green space arund. They are likely t cme with larger vlumes f white and grey matter in certain areas f the brain. These differences are assciated(关联) with beneficial effects n cgnitive functin (认知功能) . This is the main cnclusin f a study led by the Barcelna Institute fr Glbal Health.
The study was perfrmed amng 253 schlchildren in Spain .Lifelng expsure(接触) t green space in the living places was recrded—using the infrmatin n the children’s addresses frm birth up thrugh t the time f the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resnance imaging (MRI). Wrking memry and inattentiveness(注意力不集中)were graded with cmputers.
“This is the first study that shws the assciatin between lng-term expsure t green space and brain structure.” Says Dr. Payam Dadvand, the leading researcher f the study, “Our findings suggest that expsure t green space early in life culd result in beneficial structural changes in the brain.”
The findings shw that lng-term expsure t greenness is psitively assciated with white and grey matter vlumes in several parts f the brain. Sme f them are related t higher scres n cgnitive tests. Mrever, larger vlumes f white and grey matter in thse parts might lead t better wrking memry and less inattentiveness.
Expsure t nature has been thught t be necessary fr brain develpment in children. Anther study f 2,593 children shws that children in schl with mre green space have a greater increase in wrking memry and a greater decrease in inattentiveness.
Humans are believed t be tied t nature. Playing in greener areas ffers children pprtunities t search and learn. Accrdingly, green space is thught t prmpt imprtant exercises in discvery, creativity and risk taking. These exercises in turn psitively influence brain develpment.
Dr. Dadvand’s study suggests hw such structural changes culd bring abut the beneficial effects f green spaces n cgnitive develpment, it als adds t the prf that suggests the lasting effects f early life expsure t greenness n ur health and the benefits f increasing greenness in cities.
Further studies are needed t prve the findings in ther ppulatins, settings and climates. And researchers need t examine differences accrding t the nature and quality f green space.
27. The secnd paragraph is mainly abut .
A. hw the study was perfrmed B. what was recrded in the study
C. hw lng the study lasted D. wh tk part in the study
28. The wrd “prmpt” in paragraph 6 prbably means “ “.
A. cntrl B. encurage C. balance D. change
29. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Wrking memry influences white and grey matter in the brain.
B. Dr. Dadvand stressed the imprtance f changing the envirnment.
C. Studies prved the influence f greenness n ppulatins uts f Spain.
D. Living in greener neighbrhds benefits children in brain develpment.
D
We ften reach a pint in ur life when we shuld be ready fr change that will help us unlck ur self-imprvement pwer. Hwever, there’s always smething staring at us right under ur nse but we dn’t see it. The nly time we think f unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer is when everything gets wrst.
When d we realize that we need t change diets? When nne f ur shirts and jeans wuld fit us. When d we stp eating candies and chclates? When all f ur teeth have fallen ff. When d we realize that we need t stp smking? When ur lungs have gne bad. We see the warning signs and signals when things get rugh and difficult.
The nly time mst f us ever learn abut unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer is when the whle wrld is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is nt easy t change, but change becmes mre painful when we ignre(忽视) it，
Change will happen, like it r hate it. At ne pint r anther. we are all ging t finally unlck ur self-imprvement pwer nt because the wrld says s. But because we realize it's fr ur wn gd.
Happy peple dn’t just accept change; they embrace (拥抱)it. Unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer means unlcking urselves ut f the bx f thught that is just the way we are. It is such a pr excuse fr peple wh fear change.
Jane always tells everyne that she desn't have the curage t be arund grups f peple. She heard her family tell the same things abut her t ther peple. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crwd cme, she steps back and lcks herself up in a rm. Jane nt nly believes in her stry, but lives it!
Self-imprvement may nt be everybdy’s favrite wrd, but if we lk at things in a different way, we might have greater chances f enjying the whle prcess instead f cunting the days until we are fully imprved. Three sessins in a week at the gym wuld result in a healthier life. Reading bks every day wuld build up knwledge. And nly when we are enjying the whle prcess f unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer will we realize that we’re beginning t take things light and becme happy.
30. The writer mentins the three questins in Paragraph 2 t shw that .
A. we learn ur lessns when we experience pain.
B. we are respnsible fr the prblems we meet.
C. life fails us when we get int the wrng way.
D. life is a lng jurney full f ups and dwns.
31. What is the key t slving Jane’s prblem?
A. She needs t remember why she started.
B. She has t knw hw t get n with peple.
C. She has t realize she is nt what she is in her stry.
D. She needs t understand the imprtance f cnfidence.
32. The writer prbably agrees that .
A. the wrld tells us hw t imprve urselves.
B. peple change when they find it easy t d that.
C. welcming change in life is a drive t becme better.
D. enjying the prcess f self-imprvement makes life simpler.
33. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Is it imprtant t take things light?
B. Is it necessary t embrace challenges?
C. T hld n t the last mment r t give up?
D. T free urselves ut f the bx r t stay in it?
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题．（共10分，每小题2分）
When it cmes t the letter grade n yur test r hmewrk, yu might ntice that there is n letter E. Have yu ever thught abut why that is s?
In the A, B, C, D and F grading system, the first fur letters are typically cnsidered passing grades. An F in this system simply stands fr“fail”.The wrd“fail”happens t start with the letter F, which seems t leave ut the letter E. The fact”．Sme schls have U grade fr“unsatisfactry”,r I grade fr “incmplete”.
Even with all this said, we shuld als pint ut that E grade actually has been
used pretty cmmnly thrughut the histry f letter grades in the US.
The first cllege in the US t use a letter grading system like the nes we use tday is Munt Hlyke Cllege. In 1897,they began t use the fllwing grading scale:
A: 95-100%(excellent) B: 85-94%(gd) C: 76-84%(fair)
D: 75%(barely passed) E: belw 75%(failed)
We can see the inclusin f E instead f F.
Gradually,the letter grading system became mre ppular thrughut the US. Hwever, many schls decided t drp the E grade and g straight t F.There is n evidence(证据) t really supprt this,but ne pssible explanatin is that teachers were wrried that sme students and parents might mistake E fr “excellent”.
Why d we have letter grades? Well,part f the reasn is that they made grading simpler during a time f great change fr schls. As the 20th century began,grwing cities and an increase in immigratin led t larger schl classrms. Mst teachers at that time thught this new letter grading system was an easy,fair and clear way t grade students.
Tday,mre and mre peple argue that letter grades dn’t fully reflect(反映) student learning。Hwever，as teachers try t imprve grading methds,many parents cntinue t favr the letter grades they gt as kids, they are familiar(熟悉) and easy fr parents t understand. S while they might nt be perfect, the letter grades prbably aren’t ging away any time sn.
34.what des an F stand fr in the A、B、C、D and F grading system?
35.when was the letter grading system first used in the US cllege?
36.what is ne pssible explanatin fr drpping the E grade?
37.what did mst teachers think f the letter grading system in the 20th century?
38.why d many parents still prefer the letter grades tday?
书面表达（共10分）
五、文段表达(10分)
39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作，文中已给出内容不计入总数．所给提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目一：
假如你是李华，你们学校要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter参加，请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他讲座时间和地点以及需要做什么准备。
提示词语：lecture（讲座）,invite,infrmatin,questin,nline
提示问题：·When and where will yu have the lecture?
Dear peter,
Hw is it ging?
There’ll be a lecture n Peking Opera in ur schl.



If there is anything that I can d, please let me knw.
Yurs,
LiHua
·what d yu advise Peter t prepare fr it?
题目二：
“静以修身，俭以养德”，勤俭节约是中华民族的传统美德，无论生活富足与否，我们都应该提倡节俭，拒绝浪费。
某英文网站在开展以“节约是美德”为主题的征文活动，假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿．谈谈生活中你是怎么做的，以这样做的意义。
提示词语：thrifty(节约的) （美德）
提示问题：·What d yu d in yur daily life？
It’s ne f ur traditinal virtues t be thrifty.



·why d yu d s？
2018年北京市中考英语试题详细解析
1.【正确答案】 C
【解題思路】本题考査人称代词的主格。动词 play前应使用入称代词主格,且根据句意·我哥哥 (第第)和我喜欢足球。我们一起每周玩一次。选项 A·我;选项 B他们;选项 C我们·D、你们·。故正确答案为选项C。
2.【正确答案】 A
【解题思路】本题考査介词。根据题干中·Happy birthday ,Peter!· 可知句意应为-这是给你的礼物-。选项A·给……;为……;选項B ·在……里·;选项 C和……;用……;随着……·选项 D·从……，来自……。故正确答案为选项A。
3.【正确答案】 B
【解题思路】本题考査特殊疑问词,根握答句中-By bike.·可知问句是在问方式方法,选项A什么时间·;选项 B-如何; 选项C·什么地点·;选项D·为什么·,故正确答案为选项A
4.【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考査连词,连词主要看前后句的关系如何.根据题干译为·很多人喜欢熊猫,_______它们可爱,·选项A·“尽管，虽然”,; 选项 B·如果;是否选项C·然而;当……的时候,选项 D·因为-, 根提前后句关系,可知这里应该是很多人喜欢熊猫因为他们可爱-,故正确答案为选项D
5.【正确答集】 C
【解题思路】本题考査情.态动词,根据题干译为·我_现在走,否则我会错过我的火车. ·选项A·能够·;选项B·可能·;选项C·必、须·;选项 D·能够·,故正确答案为选项 C.
6.【正确答案】 D
【解题恩路】本題考査形容词最高级,根据题干中的·f the three bys-,所以选最高级,此题目中选项A为形容词原级;选项 B为形容词比較级;选项C为形容词最高级,但缺少定冠词·the·;选项D 为形容词最高级,故正确答案为选项D,
7. 【正确答案】 B
【解题思路】本题考査时态,根握旬中的标志词·every evening·可知该题应选择一般现在时态,再根据主话·He可知动·同应该用三単,选]1⊠ A是一般现在时态的动词原形;选项 B是一般现在时态的动词三単;选项 C是现在进行时态;选项 D是现在j一選正确答東为B
8. 【正确答案】A
解题思路本题考査时态.根福句中的标志词·at nine last night· 可知该題应选择过去进行时态,选项 A是过去进行时态;选項 B是一般现在时态;选项 C是现在完成时态;选项 D是一般将来时态• 故正确答案为选项 A
9 C
解题思路本题考查时态，根据句中的标志词•when he was six years ld可知，该题应选择过去时.选项 A是一般现在时态;选项 B是一般将来时态;选项 C是一般过去时态;选项 D是现在完成时态, 故正确答案为选项 C.
10.B
本题考査时态,根提句中的标志词 fr nearly 20 years 以及题干-他教历史持续近20年•,可知该题应选择现在完成时态, 选项A为一般现在时态;选项 B为现在完成时态;选项 C为现在进行时态;选项D为一般将来时态.故正确答集为选项B.
11.【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查被动语态。该题主语是“A new internatinal airprt"译为“一座新的国际机场”，谓语动词为“cmplete”译为 “完成”。”机场”不能主动发出“完成”的动作，只能“被完成”，是动 宾关系，确定该题考查被动语态。被动语态基本结构为“主语+ be + dne”，选项A和选项C不是被动语态结构，均排除；选项B是一般现在时的被动解构;选项 D是一般将来时的被动结构故选项D,
12. 【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查宾语从句。
因此排除选项C和选项D,不是陈述语序。选项A为一般过去时；选项B为一般将来时句中的时间标志词“last Sunday ”可知，该题应为― 般过去时态'，排除选项B。故正确答案为选项 A
13.【正确答案】A"
【解题思路】本题考查名词，本句译为“一天，这个团队被叫来在一
个大厅（做)_____”。根据后文第四段第一句“那些没有在气球上标记自己名字的人被____这个游戏”。最后一词“game"为原词复现。选项A译为“游戏”；选项B译为“演出”；选项C译为“音乐 会”；选项D译为“聚会”。根据文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项A。
14.正确答案 C
【解题思路】本题考查为“他们十分吃惊，各自怀揣着 不同钿达这卓。选项a译为“目的”；选项b译为 “建议”；选项C译为“想法”；选项D译为“计划”。结合前面 “surprised” 一词得知他们并不清楚接下来做什么，故正确答案为选 项C。
15.【正确答案】B
【解题思路】本题考查副词。本句译为“然后他们各自被要求把自己
的名字____写在各自的气球上，以便于气球不会破掉"。选项A
译为“安静地”；选项B译为“小心地”；选项C译为“秘密地”；选项 D译为“清晰地”。结合文章语境判断，只有小心地写才不会让气球破 掉，故正确答案为选项B。
16.正确答案 D
【解题思路】本题考查形容词。本句译为“每个人都尝试过了，但是不是每个人都__ 选项A译为“诚实的”选项B译为“准备
好的”选项C译为“耐心的”选项D译为“成功的”。根据文章语境
“but",每个人都尝试过了，但是不是每个人都成功了，并且紧接着下一段开头写“thse wh tailed”，译为“那些失败的人”，也能和本题呼应，故正确答案为选项D。
17 正确答案 C
【解题思路】本题考查动词。本句译为在他们名字的人被___出游戏,空后有ut,因此本题考查动词+介词的固定搭配，选项A译为“查明，结账”； 选项B译为“帮助某人 走出1rii”；选项c译为“把排除在外"；选项d译为“欺骗”。根
据文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项C。
18. 正确答案A
【解题思路】本题考查动词。本句译为“所有带着名字的气球被 ___起来，然后被放在一个房间里”。选项A译为“收集”；选项
B译为“称重”；选项C译为“系，拴”；选项D译为“打扫”。根据文 章语境判断，故正确答案为选项A。
19正确答案 D
解题思路本题考查动词。本句译为“快15分钟了，但是没有人能够____正确的那个（气球）”。选项a译为"标B译为“躲藏”；选项c译为“数出、计算译为“fty”。前文 提到全部25个工程师胃寻灸1i自的气球，根据同义词复 现^每f，译为“專找"，故正确答案为选项D。
20. 【正确答案】B
【解题思路I本题考查动词。本句译为“几分钟之内，所有的气球都___各自的工程师手中”。选项A译为“解放”；选项B译为“到达”；选项C译为“提升"；选项D译为“击打”。根据前二 句“工程师们被要求去捡起气并把它给到^气球1名字一致的 人”，故正确答案为选项B
21正确答案 D
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息“When did Rger have his birthday party"，定位至文章第一段Rger以及本段 第一行 “It was my 15th birthday last Saturday.”，故正确答案为选项D。
22. 定位到第二段第一行，“My class were n a schl field trip last week.” 可知 Jessica 上周有学校旅行，故 正确答案为选项B。
23.【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息“Martin went t Atlanta”，可定位到文章第四段Martin以及本段第二行“My schlband went t Atlanta t perfrm in a cmpetitin.”，故正确答案为选项C
24.【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息1The wman and her kids came t the market t bu/\ 定位至文章第一段第四句“They were lking at the fruits in frnt f me.” 以及句“The kids were smiling while 故正确项A。
25.正确答案 B
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息“Accrding t what he saw”定位至文章第二段最后一句“Putting what丨saw 13tgether,丨was sure she was blind.”可知作者认为这位母亲是盲人, 所以作者很确定她看不见，故正确答案为选项B。
26. 【正确答案】D
本题考查涵令题。根据题目中的关键信息“The writer was mved”可定位到文章倒数第二段前两句“Their smile and gentle manner mved me in a way that never happened befre. It was s beautiful t see such yung kids s w川ingly help.” 所以令 作者感动的是这两个孩子非常愿意帮助他们的母亲，故正确答案为选项D
27.【正确答案1 A
【解题思路】本题考查段落主旨题。根据题干内容定位到文聿第二段， 文中依次使用 “perfrm”，“recrd”，“study", “use”，“grade” 等 动词，说明文章都是在解释这项研究是如何开展的，故正确答案为选 项A。
28.本题考查猜词题。猜词题需结合待猜词的前后文信息做 出推断。结合待猜词所在句的后面一句话“These exercises in turn psitively influence brain develpment.” 中相关信息：这些练习“反 过来（in turn)”会对大脑发育产生”积极影响（psitively influence)”， 可推知“绿色空间”对这些重要活动带来的应该也是“积极、正面” 的影响。据此，再结合ABCD四个选项的正负态度，可迅速将答案 确定为正态度的选项B “encurage (促进，
29.正确答案 D
【解题思路】本题考查推断题。此文开门见山提出“处于绿化环境对 孩子的认知功能会有积极的影响”，并分别从文章第三段、第四段、 第五段、第六段以及第七段论证该观点。选项D “居住在绿化更好的
社区有助于孩子们大脑的发育”符合文故正确答案为选项D选项A“cntrl (控制)”常作负态选衡)”和选项 D “change (改变)”常作中谷因此排除，故正确答案为选项B。
30.【正确答案】A
【解题思路】本题考查推断题。根据题目中的关键信息“the three questins in paragraph 2”，定位至文章第二段。作者通过提出的三 个问题，在本段最后一句得出结论："weseethewarnir^i^j^nd signals whe门 things get rugh andcdiffic^ff^%!译务当事情变得 糟糕和困难时，我们会志和信号。本句与选项A “当我 们^||§^到教训”相符合，故正确答案为选项A
31正确答案 C
【解题思路】本题考查推断题《根据题目中的关键信息“Jane’s prblem”定位到文章第六段,通过本段可知Jane的问题是她没有勇 气在生活中面对人群，并且生活在自己的故事里。所以解决Jane问 题的关键是她要意识到她并不是故事里的样子，与选项C相符，故 正确答案为选项C。
32正确答案 C
【解题思路】本题考查推断题。选项A译为“世界告诉我们如何提升 自己”与原文作者观点不相符；选项B译为“当人们发现事情很容易糕时，人们会改1”，两更雕滅势' 与做时，人们会改变”，与原文“当事情变得最糟糕时，不相符；选项C译为“迎接生活中的改更綠的绝站为'与 原文主旨“当人们主动会己得到提升”相符合；选 项自我提程使生活变得更加简单”与原文最后一 句提升使事情变得容易，使我们更开心”不相符，故正确答案
为选项C。
33.【正确答案】D
【解题思路】本题考查主旨题。文章通过第一段的现象描述和第二段 的提问，引出主旨“我们应该为可以帮助我们自我提升的改变做好准 备”；文聿第三、四、五和六段谈论了乐观的人拥抱改变而另一些人 们由于害怕改变而逃避改变；文章第七段重申全文观点，故正确答案 为选项D。
34.【解题思路】本题考查细节题。定位关键词“F”和“standsfr",到 文章第二段第二句，故正确答案为It stands fr “fail”.
35.
正确答案 In 1897.
【解题思路】第四段二句，故正确答案为In 1897.
36.正确答案 Teachers were wrried that sme students and parents might mistake E fr “excellent".
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。定位关键词“drpping the E grade” 和“ne pssible explanatin”，到文章第六段第二句和第三句正确答案为 Teachers were wrried that sme students and parents might mistake E fr “excellent".
37.【正确答案】They thught this new letter grading $ easy, fair and clear way t grade students.
【解题思路】本题考查细关ceniury”到倒数第 二段，然后再通过定位teachers”到本段最后一句，故正确答案为thught this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way t grade students.
38.【正确答案】Because the letter grades are familiar and easy fr parents t understand.
【解题思路】本题考查细节题。定位关键词J'tdy"择适'^Iny parents”定位到最后一段第三句故正确答案为38.Because the letter grades are familiar and easy fr parents t understand文段表达
题目1【总体思路】
本篇写作的体裁属于信件类作文中的邀请信。在英文部分已经明确给出两个问题，难度中等，属于考前常见话题之一。需要考生写出 “讲座的时间，地点及建议”，具体问题如下：
1.讲座的时间和地点？
2.为该讲座做哪些准备？
参考范文1
Dear Peter
Hw is it ging?
There’ll be a lecture n Peking pera in ur schl .The Peking pera will start at 10:00 this Friday mrning in the schl hall.I am writing t invite yu t take part in the meaningful lecture.
In the lecture ,we can nt nly get sme useful infrmatin abut the Peking pera ,but als get clse t the traditinal Chinese culture, which can benefit us a lt.
There are sme suggestins fr yu t prepare fr it. First f all, remember t be there n time, what’s mre, dn’t frget t bring a camera with yu ,which can recrd the precius mment, last but nt least, it’s a glden chance fr yu t cme up with sme questins that yu are willing t learn abut.
If there is anything that I can d please let me knw.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文分析】
首先，提示问题为 “When and where wHI yu have the lecture?”， 要明确写出活动的时间和地点。在范文中即出现了 “The Peking Opera will start at 10:00 this Friday mrning in the schl hall.”。接着，提示问题为 “What d yu advise Peter t prepare fr it?”， 具体写出为该讲座应做的准备。在范文中，第一项建议是“不要迟 到”，即 “First f all, remember t be there n time.”。第二项建议是 “带相机记录美好时刻”，即 “What’s mre, dn't frget t bring a camera with yu, which can recrd the precius mment, 第三项建议是“准备相关问题”即last but nt least, it’s a glden chance fr yu t cme up with sme questins that yu are willing t learn abut.
题目2【总体思路】
本篇写作的体裁属于议论文。在英文部分已经明确给出两个问题， 难度中上，属于考前常见话题之一。需出考生写出“日常生活中是如 何做的，你为什么这样做”具体如下：
1、在日常生活中你都做了什么？
2.你为什么这样做？
【参考范文】
It’s ne f ur traditinal virtues t be thrifty Being thrifty is a gd virtue which has been passed dwn frm generatin t generatin . It’s a gd idea t start n in ur daily life.
First f all , I cnstantly check the lights and the taps t make sure that they are ff when leaving the huse , Besides, never have I wasted any fd, what’s mre, I dn’t spend t much mney n unnecessary things and save mney regularly.
The reasn why I d s is that I want t make a difference t my life, As the ld saving ges, “Waste nt, want nt”I make up my mind t be thrifty as much as pssible. I think everyne shuld take actins t stick t this virtue.
【参考范文分析】
本篇为议论文话题作文，主题为“节约是美德”，考生需要从两个方面作答，第一个方面是介绍日常生活中你都做了什么？第二个方面 你为什么这样做？
首先，第一段要提出“节约是美德”的主题，“It’s ne f ur traditinal virtues t be thrifty Being thrifty is a gd virtue which has been passed dwn frm generatin t generatin . It’s a gd idea t start n in ur daily life.
”
其次，第二段介绍在日常生活中做了什么，“First f all , I cnstantly check the lights and the taps t make sure that they are ff when leaving the huse , Besides, never have I wasted any fd, what’s mre, I dn’t spend t much mney n unnecessary things and save mney regularly.”
最后，第三段论述这样做的原因，“The reasn why I d s is that I want t make a difference t my life, As the ld saving ges, “Waste nt, want nt”I make up my mind t be thrifty as much as pssible. I think everyne shuld take actins t stick t this virtue.”
2018北京中考英语答案
一、单项填空
二、完型填空
三、阅读理解
四、阅读短文回答问题
34. It stands fr “fail”
35.In 1897
36.Teachers were wrried that sme students and parents might mistake E fr “excellent”
37.They thught this new letter grading system was an easy fair and clear way t grade students
38.Because the letter grades are familiar and easy fr parents t understand
五、文段表达
题目1：
Dear Peter
Hw is it ging?
There’ll be a lecture n Peking pera in ur schl .The Peking pera will start at 10:00 this Friday mrning in the schl hall.I am writing t invite yu t take part in the meaningful lecture.
In the lecture ,we can nt nly get sme useful infrmatin abut the Peking pera ,but als get clse t the traditinal Chinese culture, which can benefit us a lt.
There are sme suggestins fr yu t prepare fr it. First f all, remember t be there n time, what’s mre, dn’t frget t bring a camera with yu ,which can recrd the precius mment, last but nt least, it’s a glden chance fr yu t cme up with sme questins that yu are willing t learn abut.
If there is anything that I can d please let me knw.
Yurs,
Li Hua
题目2：
It’s ne f ur traditinal virtues t be thrifty Being thrifty is a gd virtue which has been passed dwn frm generatin t generatin . It’s a gd idea t start n in ur daily life.
First f all , I cnstantly check the lights and the taps t make sure that they are ff when leaving the huse , Besides, never have I wasted any fd, what’s mre, I dn’t spend t much mney n unnecessary things and save mney regularly.
The reasn why I d s is that I want t make a difference t my life, As the ld saving ges, “Waste nt, want nt”I make up my mind t be thrifty as much as pssible. I think everyne shuld take actins t stick t this virtue.
考生须知
1．本试卷共10页，共五道大题，39道小题，满分60分。考试时间90分钟。
2．在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。
3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束，将本试卷、答题卡卡和草稿纸一并交回。
13.
A.game
B.shw
C.cncert
D.patry
14.
A.purpses
B.suggestins
C.thughts
D.plans
15..
A.quietly
B.carefully
C.secretly
D.clearly
16.
A.bnest
B.ready
C.patient
D.succeesful
17.
A.checked
B.helped
C.ruled
D.cleaned
18.
A.cllected
B.weighed
C.tied
D.cleaned
19.
A.mark
B.hide
C.number
D.find
20.
A.freed
B.reached
C.lifted
D.hit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
C
A
B
D
C
D
B
A
C
B
D
A
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
A
C
B
D
C
A
D
B
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
D
B
C
A
B
D
A
B
D
A
C
C
D