江苏省2021届高三最新英语试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题

这是一份江苏省2021届高三最新英语试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题，共38页。
阅读理解专题
江苏省天一中学2021届高三新高考统一适应性考前模拟试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military(军队的)medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals’ rightful owners, and returns them.
His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart - he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.
Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado’s sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: “Who are you？What antique shop?” However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. “At that point, I knew she meant business,” Zac says. “To drive eight hours to come to see me.”
The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.
Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zac’s mother had found was a family treasure.” This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions(场合)would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands,” Adeline says.
As a child, Adeline couldn’t understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,” Adeline says, “and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left.” Corrado Piccoli’s Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.
Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado’s medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.
21. Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？
A. In the army. B. In an antique shop.
C. From his mother. D. From Adeline Rockko.
22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him？
A. She was very impolite. B. She was serious about the medal.
C. She suspected his honesty. D. She came from a wealthy family.
23. What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?
A. Her parents’ advice. B. Her knowledge of antiques.
C. Her childhood dream. D. Her memory of her brother.
B
When a running event is longer than 26.2 miles, it is called an ultramarathon.There are two kinds of ultramarathons. In the first kind of ultramarathon, runners have to cover a specific distance—50 miles, for example. In the second kind of ultramarathon, runners have a limited amount of time, such as 24 hours, to cover as much distance as they can. Some ultramarathons are run as loops around a track or course. Others are run on trails through forests, deserts, or mountains. Many ultramarathons that are run on trails include natural obstacles that a runner will have to overcome, such as rocky paths or bad weather. Ultramarathons are run all over the world, even on Antarctica. The most famous race across Antarctica is called The Last Desert Race. Runners pay over $14,000 to compete in this race. Besides,they must also buy special equipment to protect themselves against the extreme cold.
People who want to train to run in an ultramarathon should first gain experience running regular marathons. Once you have completed a few marathons, you can add more and more distance every time you run.
Besides practicing, there are a few other things you can do to help you prepare to run an ultramarathon. First, pick a location that is close to home,which is safer because you will be more familiar with the area. Next, make sure to bring snacks, sunscreen, and extra shoes. You should also remember to drink eight ounces of water or a sports drink every 15 to 20 minutes. Your pace is also very important. When you are running an ultramarathon, you should start running more slowly than you do when you run a regular marathon.
Finally, many people who run ultramarathons say that it is easier and more fun to train with friends than it is to train alone. So if you are interested in running an ultramarathon, you should also try to get one of your friends interested in it too.
24.What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To provide basic information about ultramarathons.
B. To help people train to run an ultramarathon.
C. To compare ultramarathons to regular marathons.
D. To share his or her personal experience with ultramarathons.
25.What makes The Last Desert Race so difficult to compete in?
I. It is very expensive to travel to Antarctica.
II. The weather in Antarctica is very cold.
III. It is much longer than other ultramarathons.
A. I only.
B. I and II only.
C. II and III only.
D. I, II, and III.
26.Why is it better to train for an ultramarathon with friends?
A. Because it is safer to run ultramarathon with friends.
B. Because you can split the cost of a trip to Antarctica with a friend.
C. Because you typically train harder in the presence of others.
D. Because friends make training more enjoyable.
27.Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A novel. C. A magazine. D. A guidebook.
C
Four people in England, back in 1953, stared at Photo 51. It wasn’t much-a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed -- the shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.
Her name was Rosalind Franklin. “She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden. “If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholar doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitions.
At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’S parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patters reflecting the shape.
But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.
What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return. Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly s he had to to go or be put in her place.
As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”
No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA. She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.
28. What is the text mainly about?
A. The disagreements among DNA researches. B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.
C. The process of discovering DNA. D. The race between two teams of scientist
29. Watson was angry with Franklin because she _________.
A. took the lead in the competition B. kept her results from him
C. proved some of his findings wrong D. shared her data with other scientists
30.Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”?
A. She developed pictures in dark labs.
B. She discovered the black X -- the shape of DNA.
C. Her name was forgotten after her death.
D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.
31.What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?
A. Disapproving B. Respectful C. Admiring D. Doubtful
D
One thing in which I think I take too much pride, at times, is my academic performance. In the past, I managed to get grades on exams that were unbelievable, even to myself, for the amount of studying I had done. The exam may have just happened to ask the questions to which I knew the answers, even though there were many possible questions that would have stumped me.
I’ve always done well in mathematics, but a few times, I had to step back and take a second look at how much pride I had in my ability. Upon receiving the score for my second exam in MATH170, I was rather disturbed. My score was 79%. I had planned to use my math courses to balance the grades I might get in my English and writing courses, so that score was acceptable. It got worse still. In Statistics and Calculus, I received failing grades on homework assignments. Every time I got these bad grades, I felt the same. I started to think that maybe I really couldn’t do these things. After giving an honest effort, however, I did better.
The thing in which I haven’t enough pride is my worth as a person with whom people like to associate. I give up opportunities to socialize because I don’t think anyone will want to talk to me. Because of this trait of mine, I have very few friends. Perhaps spending the majority of my time alone isn’t bad; it is what I’m used to, but I bet that by living a life of partial seclusion, I miss out on interesting and amusing life experiences that could be beneficial.
I have illustrated how the extremes of pride can be harmful. In my case, too much pride in academic ability can lead to failing grades, and not enough pride in oneself as a social individual can lead to a lonelier life. A moderate amount of pride leads to a clear view of the agendas of life, allowing one to make good decisions regarding these.
32.Why did the author get good grades in the past?
A. Because of hard work. B. Because of much pride.
C. Because of good luck. D. Because of high intelligence.
33.How did the author feel after exam failures?
A. A little ashamed. B. Less confident.
C. Less determined. D. A little grateful.
34.What is the author’s attitude to spending most of his/her time alone?
A. Carefree. B. Tolerant. C. Regretful. D. Positive.
35.Which is the best title for the text?
A. Avoiding being too proud. B. Changing the poor character.
C. Correcting the bad behaviour. D. Balancing the pride degree.
A篇是一篇记叙文，讲述了扎克的一个爱好，帮助找到奖牌的合法拥有者，使逝者的遗物能与家人重聚，重点记叙了他找到一件名叫克拉多的紫心勋章，通过互联网联系了克拉多的妹妹，并归还紫心勋章。文章通俗易懂，难度不大，需仔细阅读文本。

B篇是一篇说明文，介绍了超级马拉松和它所遇到的障碍，并对想参加的人提出了一些合理建议。文章条理清晰，虽然是说明文，但是没有什么专业词汇，比较好懂，难度不大。

C篇阅读阐述了一次诺贝尔奖背后被忽略的遭受不公平待遇的第四人，以及整个经过。篇幅较长，但是好定位，总体考察段落大意没有细节题，难度中等。

D篇文章讲的是作者在学习生活中体会到平衡自豪感的重要性。篇幅不长，没有较难理解的部分仔细定位即可获得答案，难度中等。
A篇

第21题 A 细节题。由第二段第三行可知，他知道紫心的含义，他自己在一次战争中获得了一颗紫心勋章，这里的it指上文的紫心勋章，故选A，而不选B，要看清题目，题目中说的他为自己获得了紫心勋章，B古董店里的是克拉多的。
第22题 B 细节题。由第三段最后可知，我意识到她是认真的，她开车八小时来见我，妹妹意识到奖牌的意义，开了很久的车来见我拿回奖牌，故选B，be serious about对…认真，用心。
第23题 D 细节题。由倒数第二段可知，随着妹妹长大，她越来越思念哥哥，而奖牌是唯一剩下来的东西，妹妹小时候不珍惜，长大后意识到奖牌是哥哥唯一留下来的东西，包含了她对哥哥的回忆与思念，故D。
B篇

第24题 A 段落总结题。文章第一段介绍了超级马拉松的基本信息和自然障碍，作为文章的起始段，引入超级马拉松的话题，故选A，提供给人们超级马拉松的基本信息。
第25题 B 细节题。由文章第一段最后一句可知，这个比赛的参赛选手需要支付超过14000美金，还必须要购买特殊的设备来保护自己免受寒冷的袭击，所以这个比赛很艰难的原因是到这来参加比赛价格昂贵和及其恶劣寒冷的天气环境。
第26题 D 细节题。由文章最后一段可知，与朋友一起训练比独自训练更容易也更有趣，more fun对应more enjoyable。
第27题 C 内容归属题。由全文可知，该文章主要介绍了超级马拉松的基本信息和所遇到的障碍，并对想参加它的人提出了一些建议，所以这篇文章是比较适合出现在杂志上的，而不是旅行指南，指导手册这种偏向旅行更专业化的内容。
C篇

第28题 B 主旨题。第一段最后一句The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.接着通读全文都在围绕第四人应得的进行论述。故选B。

第29题 C 第五段第一句What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so.可见Waston的一些研究被证明是错的，因此恼怒。故选C。

第30题 D 最后一段最后一句This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the“Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.根据coming into light推断，之后她的研究被公众认可获奖，可见dark的意思就是之前的研究不为公众所知，被掩盖了。故选D。

第31题 A 作者态度题。结合全文来看都围绕着弗兰克林受到的不公正对待，并且阐述了经过，对于她最后得到了认可表达了欣慰i，可见作者对弗兰克林是支持态度，对于之前的合作者自然是不支持的态度。故选A。

D篇

第32题 C 第一段最后一句The exam may have just happened to ask the questions to which I knew the answers, even though there were many possible questions that would have stumped me.考试题目都是作者会的，可见作者考得好是因为运气好。故选C。
第33题 B 第二段最后In Statistics and Calculus, I received failing grades on homework assignments. Every time I got these bad grades, I felt the same. I started to think that maybe I really couldn’t do these things.挂科后作者觉得自己是不是真的无法胜任数学，也就是自信心下降。故选B。
第34题 C 态度题。第三段最后一句Perhaps spending the majority of my time alone isn’t bad; it is what I’m used to, but I bet that by living a life of partial seclusion, I miss out on interesting and amusing life experiences that could be beneficial.主要看后半句，尽管作者习惯独处，但是作者也意识到他失去了另一种有趣的生活经历，可见他对于一个人独处还是后悔的。故选C。
第35题 D 主旨题。结合第四段总结来看 A moderate amount of pride leads to a clear view of the agendas of life, allowing one to make good decisions regarding these.作者明白自豪感需要保持适中，过高过低都不好，也就是要平衡自豪感的度。故选D。

江苏省南通基地学校2021届高三第一次大联考英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
One of the most popular travel destinations in the world,England offers almost endless
possibilities for vacationers seeking fun things to do and top attractions to visit.
Tower of London
Built in 1078 by William the Conqueror, the White Tower is home to amazing exhibits, such as Line of Kings, the world's oldest visitor attraction, established in 1652. Other highlights include the impressive Crown Jewels exhibition,classic Yeoman Warder Tours.
If you're traveling with children, be sure to check for special events for kids,including"Knights School” and other immersive programs that provide a fun insight into the castle's history.

Stonehenge
Stonehenge is Europe's best-known prehistoric monument.It's So popular that visitors need to reserve a ticket in advance to
guarantee entry. Exhibitions at the excellent Stonehenge visitor center set the stage for a visit, explaining through audio-visual experiences and more than 250 ancient objects how the enormous stones were established between 3000 and 1500 BC,and sharing information about life during this time.

The British Museum
With collections of antiquities that are among the world's finest,the British Museum holds more than 13 million artifacts(人工制品）from Egypt,Greece,the Roman Empire and China. The most famous artifacts are the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens. Besides,the Ancient Egyptian collection is the largest outside of Cairo, and the hoard of Roman silver, unearthed in Suffolk in 1942, is nothing short of impressive.

Warwick Castle
If you're looking for a truly memorable English excursion(远足）for the whole family,and one that offers a fascinating insight
into life through exhibitions,you couldn't do much better than visit Warwick Castle. Located in the beautiful city of Warwick on the River Avon,this impressive fortress(堡垒）has dominated the landscape and history of the region for more than 900 years.


21.Where can visitors appreciate exhibits from different countries?
A. Tower of London. B. Stonehenge. C.The British Museum. D.Warwick Castle.
22.What do we know about the destination Stonehenge?
A. It reflects life of different stages.
B.It provides fun games for children.
C.It is more suitable for a family tour.
D. It encourages tourists to book tickets.
23.What do the four tourist destinations have in common?
A. Wonderful exhibits.
B.Impressive landscapes.
C.An extremely long history
D.An audio-visual experience.
B
Paswan and his teen daughter Jyoti Kumari recently completed the 750-mile journey from
their former apartment on the outskirts of New Dehli all the way to their home village. What's remarkable is that they rode the entire distance on a bicycle they purchased with their last $20, with Jyoti pedaling(脚蹬）as her father rode on the seat with his heavy bag.
The story of their determination has inspired millions of migrant workers across the country, where the novel coronavirus lockdowns has resulted in severe work shortages. Many of these laborers have needed to take similar journeys from major cities back to their home villages where they can be supported by their family-but financial problems have left many of them stranded（使搁浅）and wondering what's next.
Things had not been going well for Paswan,even before the pandemic(大流行病）。In January, he was involved in a traffic accident while working as a rickshaw driver. His daughter, who had dropped out of school a year earlier because of the family's financial troubles, decided to make the trip to New Dehli to care for her injured father. When the lockdown hit and Paswan was unable to earn a living, their landlord cut off their electricity and threatened to kick them out of their apartment. It was then that Jyoti suggested that they head home to their village in Bihar.
Jyoti had cycled a lot in their vilage, and they had just enough money to purchase a bicycle. She insisted that she would get her dad home safely.
That being said, it was not a bewitching journey for Jyoti and Paswan-they often found themselves without enough to eat; they slept at gas stations, and often relied on the generosity of strangers. The pair traveled nearly 100 miles per day. On borrowed cell phones, Jyoti would reassure her worried mother:"Don't worry, I'll get Papa home good.”
True to her word, Jyoti and her father made it home. Additionally, since the Indian media has dubbed(把......称为）her “Jyoti the lionhearted",the teenage girl has been contacted by Onkar
24 What caused Paswan and his daughter to decide to go home?
A. The worsening situation
B.The terrible traffic accident.
C.The expectation from family.
D.The desire to travel by bicycle.
25.What can we infer from the third paragraph?
A. Paswan and Jyoti would continue to pay the landlord.
B.Paswan and Jyoti lived a good life before the pandemic.
C.Paswan failed to earn a living due to the traffic accident.
D.Paswan and Jyoti had no choice but to leave New Dehli.
26-Which of the following can explain the underlined word in Paragaph5?
A.Tough. B. Smooth. C.Unforgettable. D.Meaningful.
27.What might Jyoti do after she got her dad home?
A. She might go back to New Dehli to earn a living.
B. She might check if she has the potential for cycling.
C.She might invite Onkar Singh to be her private coach.
D. She might complain to the media about the new name.
C
One of the key tasks for leaders at GE (General Electric) is to look after the company's resources. We watch how money is spent and protect the company's assets(资产）。We make efficiencies(效率）and fight to find funding for new ideas. We care about the health and welfare of our employees,and work to keep them safe all over the world.
Where we sometimes fall short-I am sure this is true of most organizations-is with time.I don't think we manage time as well as we could. We have meetings that include too many participants,some of whom don't need (or want) to be there. Too much time is spent at the start of meetings passing around information that could be shared in advance. Some meetings go on longer than they need to, and don't always result in real actions, or decisions.
Leaders make personal decisions about how to distribute their own time,and this affects how
others and particularly their teams have to spend their time. I've asked people in my organization
to think ahead-what can be done individually or beforehand. We need to think about the impact
every time we occupy time, or create work, for others.
Wasting time contributes to a competitive disadvantage. It keeps us from doing things that
matter and meeting deadlines. One solution we're working on at GE is adopting a "FastWorks" mindset. This is a lean start-up concept we developed to better understand pain points, quickly test product or service hypotheses(假设） and to understand if a proposed solution is right. We used this approach to develop our GuardEon circuit breaker in less than half the time it would
previously have taken and went to market 3 years sooner.
If you are like me, you have your best days when you accomplish things. The worst days are when we spend time doing things without results, and you come away feeling you have wasted time. We don't mind working hard, but we want to get things done. The old saying went something like “time is money,"In today's world, it's more like "time is speed and focus, and speed and focus is money."We are more successful if we are focused and spend our time doing
the things that matter.
28. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To stress the importance of finding funds.
B. To show the company's care for employees.
C.To call for the employees to treasure their career.
D. To lay the base for the viewpoint being presented.
29. How can a leader in a company make wise use of the meeting time?
A. By inviting more participants to a meeting.
B. By sharing more information at the meeting.
C.By attaching importance to individual tasks.
D. By focusing more on what requires teamwork.
30. What is the benefit of a“FastWorks" mindset in Paragraph 4?
A.It can greatly increase efficiency.
B. It can lead to advances in technology.
C.It can help workers find more solutions.
D.It can persuade people to work harder.
31.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. GE leaders manage time well
B. There is no point in wasting time
C.Meeting the deadline makes sense
D.Applying technology to life matters
D
People with COVID-19 who are asymptomatic can spread the disease without any outward signs that they're sick. But a newly developed AI, with a keen algorithmic(计算程序的）ear, might be able to detect asymptomatic cases from the sounds of people's coughs, according to a new study.
A group of researchers at MIT recently developed an artificial intelligence model that can detect asymptomatic COVID-19 cases by listening to subtle differences in coughs between healthy people and infected people.
Indeed, it is the Alzheimer's model that the researchers adapted in an effort to detect COVID-19.“The sounds of talking and coughing are both influenced by the vocal cords(声带） and. surrounding organs.” co-author Brian Subirana, a research scientist in MIT's Auto-ID Laboratory said in a statement. “AI can pick up simply from coughs, including things like the person's gender, mother tongue or even emotional state. There's in fact sentiment(情绪；情感）
strongly fixed in how you cough.”
First, they created a website where volunteers-both healthy and those with COVID-19-
could record coughs using their cellphones or computers; they also filled out a survey with questions about their diagnosis and any symptoms they were experiencing.People were asked to
record “forced coughs,” such as the cough you let out when your doctor tells you to cough while
listening to your chest with a stethoscope(听诊器）。
Through this website, the researchers gathered more than 70,000 individual recordings of forced-cough samples, according to the statement, Of those,2,660 were from patients who had COVID-19,with or without symptoms. They then used 4,256 of the samples to train their AI model and 1,064 of the samples to test their model to see whether or not it could detect the difference in coughs between COVID-19 patients and healthy people.
The AI model correctly identified 98.5% of people with COVID-19,and correctly ruled out COVID-19 in 94.2% of people without the disease. For asymptomatic people, the model correctly identified 100% of people with COVID-19, and correctly ruled out COVID-19 in 83.2% of people without the disease.
But "whether or not this performs well enough in a real-world setting to recommend its use as a screening tool would need further study,"Lubinsky told Live Science."What's more,further
research is needed to ensure the Al would accurately evaluate coughs from people of all ages,’’ he said.
32.How does the AI recognize people infected with COVID-19?
A. By observing outward sick signs.
B. By identifying sounds of coughs.
C.By copying the Alzheimer's model.
D. By talking to the healthy and the infected.
33 On what basis does the AI function as a detecting tool?
A. How people catch coughs.
B.How people perceive coughs.
C. How people make vocal sounds.
D.How people release their emotions.
34.Which of the following isn't a part of the research?
A. Volunteers record coughs.
B. Volunteers fill out a survey.
C.Doctors ask for forced coughs.
D.Researchers train the AI model.
35 What is one of the faults of the research?
A. The limited age range.
B.Failure to evaluate coughs.
C. Inaccuracy of the statistics.
D.Low rate of identifying cases.
阅读理解：21-23 CDA 24-27 ADBB 28-31 DDAB 32-35 BCCA

A篇阅读详细地介绍了四个英国著名的旅游景点：伦敦塔，巨石阵，大英博物馆，沃里克城堡。定位句清楚，难度不高。
B篇阅读主要讲述了Paswan 和他的女儿Jyoti骑行了750英里回家的故事，他们的事迹激励了很多人。文章条理清晰，难度适中。
C篇是一篇应用文，介绍了公司领导人的关键任务是管理公司的资源，本文重点讲述合理管理和分配时间的好处、重要性和如何分配时间。有一定难度，需理解文章。
D篇是一篇科普类的文章，介绍了麻省理工学院最近研究开发的一种人工智能模型，可以通过倾听健康人和感染者咳嗽的细微差别来检测是否感染新型冠状病毒。文章生词较多，阅读起来难度较大，但是题目不难，仔细比较即可。
A篇

第21题 C 细节题。由第三部分的第一句With collections of antiquities that among the world’s finest……from Egypt, Greece, the Roman in Empire and China.可知，大英博物馆有许多不同国家的展品。故选C
第22题 D 细节题。根据标题可将答案定位在第二部分。由第二部分的第二句……that visitors need to reserve a ticket in advance to guarantee entry可知，进入需要提前订票。故选D。
第23题 A 概括总结题。这四个旅游景点都提到了陈列的展览品。故选A。
B篇
第24题 A 文章理解题。由第三段可知，房东的让他们离开威胁让他们处于更加艰难的处境，使他们决定回家。故选A。
第25题 D 细节推断题。第三段最后一句可知，在经历了车祸，女儿辍学后，房东切断了电源，并威胁他们离开当时的住所，可推断出他们别无选择离开New Dehli。故远D。
第26题 B 句子理解题。由此句破折号之后的They often found……on the generosity of strangers，可知他们生活非常艰难。因此这不是一个顺利的出行。故选smooth。
第27题 B 理解推断题。有最后一段的最后一句……the chairman of the Cycling Federation of India, urging her to decide to go home可知。联盟主席鼓励她可以试一试进国家队，所以她可能会检验自己有没有骑行的潜力。故选B。
C篇

第28题 D 段落总结题。文章第一段主要讲述了公司领导人的关键任务是管理公司资源，如何花费公司资金和保护公司资产和员工的健康和福利，这些在后文是没有涉及的，第一段总引全文，是为引出下文对于公司领导人管理时间这一主题。
第29题 D 段落推断题。由文章第二段可知，太多参与者和过多的分享信息是不利于合理管理时间，由文章第三段可知，好的管理时间应该是提前考虑哪些事是个人做哪些事是要团队合作的，需要考虑我们占用时间工作对他人造成的影响，所以在集体性会议上应该处理需要团队合作的事情避免对他人造成影像。
第30题 A 细节题。由文章第四段关键词后可知，“快速工作”是一个精益的创业概念，我们开发，以更好地理解痛点。快速测试产品或服务假设，并了解提出的解决方案是否正确，用这种方法时间不到之前的一半就开发了我们的GuardEon断路器，并提前3年投放市场，quickly和这个方法的结果可知这是高效的。
第31题 B 主旨大意题。文章的主要内容就是在讲合理管理时间的好处和重要性和如何合理管理时间，C和D项文章没有涉及，A项不是主要内容，GE领导人并不是文章关键人物，只是一个引子，B项是将文章内容正话反说，合理管理时间即不要浪费时间。
D篇

第32题 B 细节题。由文章第二段可知，这种人工智能模型，可以通过倾听健康人和感染者咳嗽的细微差别来检测无症状COVID-19，所以是通过辨别咳嗽声的差别来判断有无感染新型冠状病毒。
第33题 C 细节题。由文章第三段可知，说话和咳嗽的声音都受到声带和周围器官的影响。包括性别在内都可以从人工智能中得到一些内容、母语甚至情绪状态，这些都是从咳嗽声声音中得到的，故选C，把声音比作情绪，归根在声音，D错，B是如何看待咳嗽的与文章无关。
第34题 C 细节题。A项在第五段的第一句，B项在第四段第二行，D项在第五段第三行，C项具有迷惑性，第四段原文是说首先人们被要求记录“强迫咳嗽”，比如当医生告诉你用听诊器听你的胸部时，你发出的咳嗽声，不是医生要求人们强迫咳嗽，这里只是举了一个例子，是人们要在人工智能前强迫咳嗽。
第35题 A 细节题。由文章最后一段可知，还需要进一步的研究，以确保Al能够准确地评估来自各个年龄段人群的咳嗽。还需进一步研究说明现在无法解决这个问题，所以这项研究在年龄限制方面还有缺陷，C和D项表述有偏差，原文是这个模型还是比较准确的，到能否运用于现实还有待研究。
江苏省如皋中学2021届高三第一学期教学质量调研试卷（二）英语
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Top Things to Do With Kids in London
Play at the Museum of London Docklands
Address: No. 1 Warehouse,London E14 4AL, the UK
The Museum of London Docklands has a great play area called "Mudlarks." Everything is themed around life in the London docks, so big kids can weigh goods or put tea sets into a model ship while the smaller kids get to move around and play with large foam(泡沫） bananas and London buses or pretend to drive a DLR (Docklands Light Railway) train.
Take a Picture in Kensington Gardens
Address: London W22UH, the UK
Stop by the bronze statue of the fictional character Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens, which is located next to Hyde Park, for the opportunity to take a photo and even read one of the famous Peter Pan stories by J.M.Barrie. The exact location of the statue was chosen by Barries,who lived close to Kensington Gardens and published his first Peter Pan story in 1902 using the park for inspiration.
Explore the London Dungeon
Address: The Queen's Walk, London SE1 7PB, the UK
The London Dungeon calls itself "the world's most famous horror attraction". The new London dungeon, which moved from Tooley Street to its new home near County Hall and the London Eye and cost millions of pounds to build, features live actors dressed in scary clothes as historical figures, realistic special effects and two breathtaking rides to bring back a thousand years of London's dark past.
See the Animals at the London Zoo
Address: Outer Circle,London NW1 4RY, the UK
The London Zoo is an excellent family day out for kids and adults, and once you're inside you can easily spend a whole day there. Daily events include a tropical bird tour, the Megabugs Live show, a showcase of big fish, and an event known as Giraffe High Tea as well as shows with birds and small animals at the Animals in Action Amphitheatre.
21.What can you learn about the Museum of London Docklands?
A.It provides Mudlarks for parents to rest.
B. Its play area is suitable for kids of all ages.
C. Big kids can make foam bananas for small kids there.
D. Kids can have the chance of driving a Docklands Light Railway train.
22. When exploring the London Dungeon, visitors
A. would learn more about London's history
B.could understand the reason and process of its relocation
C.will experience two breathtaking rides around London
D.can dress up as historical figures to create London's history
23. If you want to enjoy a tropical bird tour, you can go to
A. The Queen's Walk,London SE1 7PB, the UK
B.London W22UH,the UK
C.Outer Circle,London NW1 4RY, the UK
D.No.1 Warehouse,London E14 4AL,the UK
B
Matthew Whitaker has been blind since birth. His parents were told that he only had a 50% chance of survival, and he experienced 11 operations before he was even two years old.
Despite being faced with these terrible situations, he survived. Not only that, he exhibited an excellent gift for playing the piano; by the time he was 3 years old, he was playing two-handed piano compositions and writing his own songs without ever having a teacher. At the age of 5, he even could play the songs completely after hearing them one time.
Dalia Sakas, the director of New York's Filomen M. D Agostino Greenberg Music School,recalls the moment she decided to take Matthew on as a student when he was five years old, making him the youngest person to ever attend the school. Now only 18 years old,Whitaker has since toured the world,headlined famous sites from Carnegie Hall to Kennedy Center,and won a number of music awards.
Such is the height of Whitaker' s talent that he caught the attention of Dr. Charles Limb, a neurologist who also happens to be a fellow musician. Dr.Limb was attracted by what might have been going on inside Whitaker' s brain, so with the permission of the musician and his family, Whitaker took two MRI exams --- first while being exposed to different stimuli,including music,
and then while he played on a keyboard.
What Dr.Limb was surprised to find was that Whitaker' s brain seemed to have repurposed its own disused visual cortex(视觉皮质）in order to build other neurological(神经系统的）pathways. Even when Whitaker was simply listening to one of his favorite music, his entire visual cortex lit up.
When Dr.Limb presented Whitaker with his brain scans showing how his brain lit up when he listened to music, the musician was amazed. "I didn't even know that that was happening." When asked about why his brain was inspired in such a way, he simply said "I love music”。
24. What can we learn about Matthew Whitaker from Para.3?
A. He was the youngest disabled piano player in the school.
B.Dalia Sakas helped him tour the world to play the piano.
C.He had visited a lot of tourist attractions by the time he was 18.
D. He has achieved great success in music when he is just eighteen.
25.What was Dr. Limb probably interested in about Matthew?
A.His brain's reaction to music.
B.The terrible condition of Matthew.
C.The special structure of his brain.
D. The wonderful performance of Matthew.
26. What do you know about the result of Whitaker' s brain scans?
A.It showed that Whitaker was just a common boy.
B.Dr. Limb and Whitaker both felt unexpected about it.
C.Dr.Limb thought that it wasn't reasonable and complete.
D.It explained how Whitaker remembered the songs after listening.
27.What is the best title for the text?
A.A Scientist Is Studying an 18-Year-old Piano Player
B.An 18-Year-Old Blind Piano Player Is Studying His Brain
C.A Scientist Studies an 18-Year-old Blind Piano Player's Brain
D.An 18-Year-Old Piano Player Helps Scientists With Music
C
Denmark is only about half the size of South Carolina, but it produces more of its electricity from wind than any other country in the world. That's not because it's a particularly breezy country; it has pretty ordinary average wind speeds. The reason the Danes now get 47% of their electricity from wind,with more to come,comes down to a combination of history and policy.
First, the history: Paul la Cour was a scientist and inventor who experimented with and engineered early wind power machines at the start of the 20th century. So it's not surprising that Denmark spent money developing wind power early, beginning at a national level in the 1970s.In the 1980s,due to a strong grassroots movement disagreeing with nuclear power plants, Denmark increased production before many other countries were even considering it.
Denmark has also had significant government support for wind-energy projects, as well as support from the country's technology-focused universities. Even back in 2002, the country was taking climate change warnings seriously, aiming to cut fossil-fuel emissions by 20 percent, which it did via renewable energy investment and implementation.
Some of the world's largest companies in the area --- including Vestas, which builds turbines, and Orsted, which specializes in offshore wind projects --- are Danish,so the country has an impact beyond its borders.
The great impact of Denmark's wind-energy business is important because it's a small country, so while an almost 50% rate of electricity from wind is admirable, it's also small in terms of overall global impact.
While Denmark gets almost half of its electricity needs covered from 5,758 megawatts (MW) of capacity, Spain's 23,000 MTW covers just 18 percent of its electricity supply as it's a much bigger country. China is the leader in wind energy at 221,000 MW,and the U.S. comes second in the world at about 96,000 MW.
Denmark's long support for wind-energy technology and its policies made in support of wind energy have proven this approach can work to decarbonize the economy, even on a bigger scale.At the end of 2019, lawmakers in Denmark set a new goal: increasing the percentage of electricity sourced from renewable power to 100%.
28.What can we learn about Denmark in developing wind power?
A. It has the advantage of strong winds.
B. Its weather conditions are unfavorable.
C. It is experienced in this area.
D. It met with strong disagreement at first.
29.The fourth paragraph mentions two companies to show
A. the bright future of the wind power business
B. the fierce competition in the area of wind power
C. Denmark's dependence on the wind-energy business
D.Denmark's international status in the wind-energy business
30. Which country produces the most wind power?
A.The U.S.
B.Denmark.
C.Spain.
D. China.
31. What is indicated in the last paragraph?
A. A hopeful future of the green economy.
B. The urgent need to develop wind energy worldwide.
C. A long way to go to full dependence on clean energy.
D. Wind energy's leading role as a form of renewable power.
D
In an interview in 1958, Ermest Hemingway made an admission that has inspired novelists ever since:The final words of "A Farewell to Arms", his wartime classic, were rewritten “39 times before I was satisfied."Those endings have never been published together in their entirety, according to his longtime publisher, Scribner.
A new edition of "A Farewell to Arms", will be released soon, including all the different endings, with early drafts of other passages in the book. The new edition concludes that the 39 endings that Hemingway referred to are really more like 47. They have been kept in the Ernest Hemingway Collection at the John F.Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum in Boston since 1979. The endings are named and gathered in an appendix in the new edition, a 330-page book whose cover uses the novel's original artwork.
For readers of Hemingway the endings are a fascinating look into how the novel could have
ended with different endings. And since most modern authors produce their work on computers, the new edition also serves as an artifact,with handwritten notes and long passages crossed out,giving readers a sense of an author's process.
Hemingway also left behind a list of titles, like "World Enough and Time," "Of Wounds and Other Causes,""The Enchantment,"and etc,which are reprinted in the new edition.
Patrick Hemingway,Ernest Hemingway's only surviving son, said that when Scribner suggested the raw material be published, he agreed. "They do give insight into how Hemingway was thinking, but no matter how much you analyze a classic bit of writing,you can never really figure out what makes talent work."said Patrick Hemingway,who is 84.
Susan Moldow, the publisher of Scribner, says that Hemingway is an all-time strong seller. After reading the various endings,Ms.Moldow added, she didn't question the author's decision; the ending has stood the test of time. She said,"I think we have to be glad that he chose the ending in line with his Style."
32.What can we know about "A Farewell to Arms"?
A. It is a novel written during the times of wars.
B.Scribner has never published Hemingway's works.
C.Hemingway tried to write a satisfying ending for it.
D.Other writers rewrite their works mostly because of its success.
33. What can't readers find in the new edition according to the passage?
A.47 endings of the book.
B.Handwritten notes by Hemingway.
C.Different unused names of the book.
D.A picture of an artifact made by Hemingway.
34.What can we know from Patrick Hemingway's Words?
A. Publishing the new edition is thought to be a good idea.
B.It is difficult to find a writer as talented as Ernest Hemingway.
C.Readers never really understand Ernest Hemingway's works.
D. The drafts of the novels are valued more than the novels.
35.What does Susan Moldow think of the final ending of the book?
A. Ironic. B.Classic. C.Average. D.Interesting.
21-23 BAC 24-27 DABC 28-31 CDDA 32-35 CDAB
A篇是一篇应用文，写与伦敦孩子的有关的首要事情，即伦敦孩子可以参加的活动。文章条理清晰，段落中心明确，题干都有明显的指向性，难度不大。
B篇是一篇人物传记，讲述了天生失明的马修惠特克的杰出的音乐生涯。难度中等，需仔细阅读比较，并加以推断。
C篇用生动易懂的语言为读者讲述了丹麦风力发电产业相关的知识与情况，以及丹麦在世界风能发电产业中所处的位置与作出的贡献。
D篇讲述了一本涵盖海明威为一本书多次修改的结尾、标题与其手稿的书的出版与不同的人们对其的评价。文章较为清晰易懂。
A篇

第21题 B 推理题。由题干可定位到第一个小标题，其下方的内容可知这场演出对于大孩子和小孩子来说都是可以玩乐的，所以它是适合所有年龄段的人的。A项，对父母来说，在那也是有娱乐项目的，C项无中生有，D项原文中写的是假装，不是事实。
第22题 A 推理题。由题干定位到第三个小标题，该段主要讲述了伦敦地牢的变迁及其现在作为景点的特色，可以推断出A项对伦敦历史更了解，B项无中生有，C项around London错，D项人物主体错。
第23题 C 细节题。由最后一个小标题的Daily events include a tropical bird tour可知动物园的日常活动包括热带鸟表演，再结合小标题下方的地址选C。
B篇

第24题 D 细节题。由第三段最后一句话可知马修在他18岁的时候已经完成了全球演出，赢得了许多奖项，所以在他18岁的时候在音乐上已经获得成功。ABC项都与原文有出入，需仔细阅读比较。
第25题 A 细节题。由第四段可知Limb博士带他去做了脑部的检查，发现他脑部对音乐刺激的反应与常人是不同的，所以选A，而不是C脑部分特殊构造，也不是他的杰出成就，是由成就的高度吸引注意。
第26题 B 推断题。由最后两段可知马修和博士对这个检查结果是震惊的，没有预料到的，B项中unexpected对应原文中的surprised和amazed。D项错在他取得成就的原因是他对音乐的热爱，而不是脑部特殊反应。
第27题 C 主旨大意题。B,D项明显无法概括文章主体内容，A,C项区别主要在blind，而blind能更突出主人公的瞎但音乐成就高分特点，并且更加吸引人的兴趣，所以C比A更好。
C篇
第28题 C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段我们可知，科学家、发明家拉库厄在二十世纪初就已经试验过早期的风力机器。即在此方面富有经验。根据第一段第三行可知，丹麦的风力并不强；根据第二段倒数第二行可知，人们反对的是核动力工厂。B项与文意不符。故答案为C。
第29题 D 段意理解题。第四段讲述了世界范围内风能领域的大型公司中不乏丹麦公司。所以丹麦的风能项目在世界范围内也颇具影响力。
第30题 D 根据文章倒数第二段我们可知，中国在风能方面具有领头羊的地位，产出了最多的风能。故本题答案为D。
第31题 A 本题为段意理解题。根据最后一段我们可知，丹麦的立法者设置了一个百分之百利用可再生能源发电的计划，也即一个十分绿色环保的计划。其余选项皆无法从文中推出。
D篇
第32题 C 文意理解题。根据文章我们可知，《永别了，武器》是一本海明威撰写的关于战时的书，而并未提及是在战时创作。同时，海明威的结尾只是从未被完整地以合集形式发布，而非从未被发布。而D选项文章并未提及。故本题选C。
第33题 D 细节理解题，注意题干的表述为“can't”,不能掉入陷阱。根据文章三、四段我们可知，海明威为书本写的47个结局、手写的纸条与曾为书本起的备用名都可以在这本合集中找到。而D曲解了文意，故选D。
第34题 A 文意理解题。从Patrick的话中我们可以了解到，当Scribner建议将这些原始资料出版时，他同意了。他认为这可以使人们了解海明威内心的想法，所以这本书的出版不失为一个好主意。故本题答案为A。
第35题 B 细节推断题。据文章最后一段我们可知，Susan认为海明威的作品成功经历了时间的考验，海明威做出了明智的选择，选择了与其一贯作品风格相符的经典结尾。
江苏省海安中学2021届高三期中学业质量监测试卷
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
I'm not much of a gardener.I love having beautiful flowers----but I don't have a good track record when it comes to making them grow.
A few months after our son left for the Middle East, my friend gifted me a box of tulip bulbs
（郁金香球茎）。She explained that these bulbs were put into the ground in the fall and lay sleeping all winter. They had all the nutrients they needed inside the bulb and would come out in the spring.
＂When you see the leaves of the tiny flowers pushing toward the sun, you'll know that it's almost time for your son to come home. They'll give you what you need most." She walked me through the process of planting them.
It was a long winter-cold and dark. I endured both the weather and the loneliness and fear I felt with my son away.Dead leaves,frost and finally a heavy snow covered the area where I'd planted those flowers,and I soon forgot they were there.
Finally the weather began to warm. One day, as I walked down my front steps, I noticed an area of green. I bent down to inspect the situation more clearly and saw that those tulips had begun to grow, their tiny leaves forcing their way to the sun.
Day after day,the time approached when my son would finally be home.Now with spring just around the comer,nothing could keep either of us from marching toward the light Almost all of those bulbs bloomed.And with each brightly colored flower,I marked off one day closer to holding my son in my arms again.
21.Which of the following is true about the author?
A. She is a professional gardener.
B.She never plants flowers at home.
C.She is not good at growing flowers.
D.She often sends friends flowers as gifts.
22.Why did the author forget the tulip bulbs soon?
A.She had no hope for beautiful flowers indeed.
B.The bitter winter reminded her of her son far away.
C.She was discouraged from making another attempt.
D.They failed to live through the cold and long winter.
23.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.A Dark Winter With Hope
B.Living a Positive Life
C.An Area of Green in Spring
D.Planting Hope in Winter
B
An 80-year-old man and his family may soon get a bill for the cost of his rescue mission. After an all-night search by rescuers,James Clark of Dublin, Ohio, was found"not moving and exhibiting what appeared to be signs and symptoms on low body temperature to the point of not being able to speak any clear words,"according to a statement.
Similarly, in 2015, a family of four received an about 8,500 bill after their daytime hike left them lost in the dark and requiring search and rescue(SAR). This raises an interesting question:Who pays for the cost when you get lost or injured in the great outdoors?
The high cost of SAR missions is what prompted states like New Hampshire to pass laws that establish programs like Hike Safe to hold individuals more financially accountable for their rescues. However,some people have called for more strict laws to shift SAR costs off taxpayers.They say such a move would ultimately make people take more responsibility,but it's a controversial idea."Society rescues people all the time-auto accident victims, home fire victims-and at far greater cost than wilderness hiker rescues."writes Backpacker.
Critics say putting a price tag on SAR could cause people to hesitate before calling for help in emergency situations.But Heggie says this isn't actually the reason why the National Park Service doesn't charge for SAR."If an agency such as NPS starts charging the public for SAR costs,the agency essentially has to conduct SAR operations. If something goes wrong during the SAR operation, someone could lead to a lawsuit(起诉）。”
Both Heggie and Kupper say the best way people can avoid needing rescue is simply by being prepared,suggesting that people research hikes before they go, pay attention to their surroundings, pack essential gear and not rely on a cellphone as a survival kit."The best time to prevent SAR incidents is when people are still at home,"Heggie said.
24.What happened to James when he was rescued?
A.He lost his way home.
B. He didn't dare to move alone.
C.He couldn't express himself.
D.He was seriously injured.
25.What benefit does a price tag on SAR have?
A.To pay back the rescuers.
B. To make hikers more responsible.
C.To reduce outdoor activities.
D.To discourage hikers calling for help.
26. What is the reason for NPS to avoid charging for SAR?
A. The possibility of being charged.
B.The heavy burden of medical costs.
C.The difficulty in doing a SAR operation.
D.The fear of doing fewer SAR operations.
27.What is the most effective way to avoid a rescue need according to Heggie?
A.Packing necessary things.
B. Carrying a survival kit.
C.Taking a cellphone everywhere.
D.Preparing well in advance.
C
Israeli company Watergen has produced an appliance that can generate clean,drinkable water out of air. The device,called GENNY, is small enough to be used in a home or office but can generate up to 30 liters of water a day.
GENNY takes air in and passes through a filter(过滤器）to remove dust and dirt. The filter is powerful enough to work with high air pollution. The air is directed through GENius,a heating and cooling process which causes water in the air to condense(凝结）。This water is then passed through several more filters and minerals are added to improve the flavor of the water. Finally, the water is stored in a tank where it is continually circulated to keep it fresh. Therefore,the water produced by GENNY is often of a higher quality than water running through filtration systems attached to the city's water lines.
The technology of GENius is much better than other technologies that generate water from air. It produces four to five times more water per kilowatt-hour.Watergen has other products that use this same technology on a larger scale, the largest of which can produce up to 5,000 liters of water per day.
As an added bonus,during the water generation process, GENNY can emit clean air which is
healthier for people to breathe.
At the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, GENNY was named the Energy Efficient Product of the Year. The award series recognize the world's top high-tech home products.
Last year,Watergen's large-scale products were donated to authorities in Brazil,Vietnam and India. They also assisted rescue and recovery efforts during the 2018 California wildfires and provided clean,safe water for the residents of Texas and Florida in the aftermath of the devastation caused by hurricanes Harvey and Irma.
Watergen also seeks to help protect the environment by reducing waste generated by plastic water bottles. People are called upon to put the water from GEENY into reusable bottles so that plastic ones don't get used and thrown away.
28.What does GENNY accomplish by adding minerals to the water?
A. It keeps the water fresh.
B.It helps kill harmful bacteria.
C.It satisfies local water regulations.
D.It makes the water taste better.
29. Which of the following can best describe GENius?
A.Energy-efficient. B.Cost-saving. C.Time-saving. D.Environment-friendly.
30.What does the underlined word "emit" in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Cut down. B.Blow away. C.Give off. D.Use up.
31.What can Watergen do using its large scale products?
A.Consume plastic waste.
B.Respond to natural disasters.
C.Test water quality globally.
D.Relieve drought in some countries.
D
When you think of a map, is north on the top or the bottom? Usually, maps are designed with north on top,though when we think about it, there s no logical reason for this bias. After all, there is no up or down in space. So what s wrong with south, east or west being on the top of the map? The answer is:nothing at all. In fact, north-up maps only became the norm in the last few hundred years.
Ancient Egyptian maps had south at the top because the Nile River flows downhill from mountains in the south to the Mediterranean Sea in the north. Mecca was to the south of most early Muslim civilizations, and south-up maps were designed so that viewers would look up to see Mecca. Medieval Christian maps had east at the top, as they believed the Garden of Eden was in the east. The only early maps that had north at the top were those of early China because the emperor lived in the north.
North seems to have settled at the top of maps during the 16th century, largely thanks to a Flemish mapmaker, Mercator. Mercator was a great admirer of an early Greek mapmaker, who, for reasons now unknown, put north at the top of maps, so Mercator did, too. When Mercator s world map became the standard map to navigate the oceans, north up became standard as well.
What is the implication of this north-view of the world? Psychologically, people tend to think of up as good and down as bad. Just think of words and phrases like “upmarket”，“upbeat” and “moving up in the world", and how they contrast with their opposites. Because north is so consistently put at the top of maps, people now think of north as good, too.
Several attempts have been made in recent years by introducing south-up maps to the market. These maps not only give us a chance to see the world differently, but also give everyone the chance to see themselves on top.
32. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A. North-up maps were rare in ancient times.
B.Deciding up or down in space is ridiculous.
C.Mecca maps were based on a legend.
D.The south-up map first appeared in ancient Egypt.
33. Why is north associated with good?
A.An illogical reason.
B.The spread of Mercator' s maps.
C.People's preference for up.
D.An age-old tradition in Greece.
34.What is the authors attitude to south-up maps?
A.Cautious. B.Supportive. C.Uncaring. D.Disapproving.
35.What's the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain a phenomenon.
B.To compare various facts.
C.To correct a cultural bias.
D. To argue for a viewpoint.
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
21-23 CAD 24-27 CBAD 28-31 DACB 32-35 ACBD
江苏如东高级中学2021届高三英语期中检测学情试卷
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
The Moth Poetry Prize
ABOUT THE PRIZE
The Moth Poetry Prize is an annual contest from Irish magazine. It is one of the biggest prizes in the world for a single unpublished poem of any length with the theme of peace. The prize is open to anyone over 16 as long as the poem is previously unpublished, and each year it attracts thousands of entries from new and established poets from over 50 countries worldwide.
The shortlist will be announced in June 2019 and the four shortlisted poems will feature in the summer issue of The Moth. The winners will be invited to a special prize-giving event at Poetry Ireland in Dublin in the summer of 2019.
THE JUDGE
The poet and novelist Jacob Polley will judge this year’s Moth Poetry Prize. Jacob is the author of four poetry collections published by Picador, the latest of which, Jackself, won the T. S. Eliot Prize. He is also the winner of a Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize, and his novel Talk of the Tovun won a Somerset Maugham Award. He teaches at the University of Newcastle.
HOW TO ENTER
The entry fee is 15 euros per poem, and you can enter as many poems as you like. You can enter online or send your poem(s) along with a cheque or postal order made payable to “The Moth Magazine Ltd.” with an entry form or a cover letter with your name and contact details and the title of poem(s) attached to: The Moth, Ardan Grange, Milltown, Belturbet, Co. Cavan, Ireland.
Please remember to read the rules of the competition before you enter.
Call 00 353 (0)87 2657251 or email enquiries@themothmagazine.com for more details.
21. What information about the contest can we learn?
A. Its closing date. B. Its organizer.
C. The award to winners. D. Its evaluation criteria.
22. What is the requirement of the contest?
A. One person can only submit one entry. B. The participants must be Irish citizens.
C. Only teenagers of 16 are allowed to take part.
D. The entries should be focused on peace.
23. What will the winners get?
A. An award of 15 euros. B. A poetry collection by Picador.
C. An invitation to Dublin. D. A chance to interview Jacob Polley.
B
Officer Michael Rivers, a policeman who was snapped (抓拍) and the image shared on Facebook, as he sat sharing his lunch with a homeless woman at the side of the road in North Carolina, in the USA, is praised.
According to Chris Barnes, his wife Cassie took the photo while she was on her lunch break. She saw the pair sharing a pizza and soft drink while they were having a friendly chat. Mr. Barnes uploaded the image with the notes: “Cassie was out on her lunch break and observed the officer enjoying lunch with a homeless person.”
Officer Rivers recalled seeing the woman earlier that day. He told Yahoo news: “I was leaving the parking lot of Walmart and she was standing by the stop sign. Her shirt read, ‘Homeless the fastest way of becoming a nobody.’ I hated that she felt that way.” He added: “I always try to talk to the homeless just to see how they got into their situation. You know, because it can happen to any one of us, at any given moment.”
After he drove away, he circled back to ask if the woman was hungry and if she wanted food. The officer said she was honored by his offer. He bought them both pizza and Mountain Dew and when the pair sat down to eat, he learned of her family struggles and told her: “Hey, you still got stuff to live for, you still got your life ahead of you. It’s never too late.”
Officer Rivers, who does recruiting (征兵) for the Goldsboro PD, hopes to send a message of sympathy for others. He added: “When the younger or newer guys come in, I let them know, ‘Hey, treating the community like human beings is the most important thing in the world.’”
“So, if we as police officers show that love and sympathy to everybody, no matter their age, financial background or race, the world would be a better place.”
24. Why did Chris Barnes share the photo on Facebook?
A. Because it was taken by his wife. B. Because the officer was his friend.
C. Because the officer was handsome.
D. Because he was impressed by the officer’s action.
25. Why did the officer come back for the homeless woman?
A. Because she asked him for food.
B. Because her situation was serious.
C. Because he wanted to become an internet celebrity.
D. Because he wanted to make a difference to her.
26. What does the officer want to pass on to his new colleagues?
A. Policemen should be sympathetic and caring.
B. Anyone can become homeless at any given moment.
C. Policemen should become heroes.
D. People should learn to draw others’ attention.
27. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. How to become a good model for policemen.
B. How the policemen help the homeless.
C. A lucky homeless woman who caught public attention.
D. A policeman seen sharing lunch with a homeless woman.
C
When you really love a book, or have just scored a new one that you’re dying to read, it can be exciting to pick up a smooth, shiny hardcover copy that creaks (发出吱嘎声) a little bit when you open it. But those hardcover books can be heavy, and new ones aren’t cheap, either. Sometimes, you’d just rather have a portable paperback — but if it’s a new book you’re after, you might have to wait a full year or so to get it in paperback form. Why are books released as hardcovers first?
Not so long ago, hardcover books were the only type of books. Before the appearance of mass production, print runs were limited, and books were hard-bound and expensive. Around the 1930s, that changed with the production of mass-produced paperback books, which consisted with a huge surge in reading as a leisure activity around World War II. Paperback books were more affordable and cheaper to produce, which still holds true today.
Despite the seeming advantages of paperbacks, there are several reasons why the hardcover has persisted. Because of its history, it conveys a bit more legitimacy (正统性) in the book world than the paperback does. “The hardback is a mark of quality...it shows booksellers and reviewers that this is a book worth paying attention to,” Philip Jones, editor at the Bookseller, explains to The Guardian.
But the major reason why books come out as hardcovers is that people buy them, despite their higher cost. The New York Times compares it to movies being released in theaters several months before they arrive on DVD. “Just as film fans like to see films on the big screen, collectors enjoy the hardback’s superior quality,” according to The Times. And because they’re profitable, publishers can gain more from hardcovers, which “will often sell at twice the price of their paperback edition but do not cost twice as much to produce,” Jones explains.
28. What can we learn about hardcover books from the first paragraph?
A. They are heavy but not expensive. B. They appeal to real book-lovers.
C. They take a long time to come out. D. They are not preferred by book-lovers.
29. What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Increase. B. Success.
C. Difference. D. Drop.
30. Why are hardback books still printed today?
A. They are brilliantly edited. B. They convey correct information.
C. They are worth collecting. D. They sell better than paperbacks.
31. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce hardcover books. B. To present a new social finding.
C. To encourage people to read books. D. To explain a confusing problem.
D
In 1926, US automaker Henry Ford shortened its employees’ workweek from six eight-hour days to five, with no pay cuts. It’s something workers and labor unions had been calling for. Ford wasn’t responding to worker demands; he was being a businessman. He expected increased productivity and knew workers with more time and money would buy and use the products they were making. It was a way of encouraging consumerism and productivity to increase profits, and it succeeded.
Since standardization of the 40-hour workweek in the mid-20th century, everything has changed but the hours. If anything, many people are working even longer hours, especially in North America. This has a severe influence on human health and well-being, as well as the environment. Until the Second World War, it was common for one person in a family, usually the oldest male, to work full-time. Now, women make up 42 percent of the world’s full-time workforce. Technology has made a lot of work unnecessary, with computers and robots doing many tasks previously performed by humans.
Well into the 21st century, we continue to work the same long hours as 20th century laborers, using up ever more of Earth’s supply to produce more goods that we must keep working to buy, use and replace in a seemingly endless cycle of hard work and consumption. It’s time to pause and consider better ways to live like shifting from fossil-fueled lifestyles with which our consumer-based workweeks are connected.
The UK think tank, New Economics Foundation, argues that a standard 21-hour workweek would address a number of interconnected problems: “overwork, unemployment, over-consumption, high carbon emissions, low well-being, and the lack of time to live sustainably, to care for each other, and simply to enjoy life”.
Economic systems that require constant growth on a finite (有限的) planet don’t make sense. It’s time for a change in our economic thinking.
32. Why did Ford decide to shorten the workweek?
A. To make more profits. B. To cut workers’ pay.
C. To respond to worker demands. D. To meet labor unions’ requirements.
33. What change in the workforce happened after World War Ⅱ?
A. The number of laborers decreased.
B. More women worked full-time.
C. Technology enabled people to work shorter hours.
D. It was unnecessary for a family’s oldest male to work.
34. What can we infer from the third paragraph?
A. Longer working hours means better consumption ability.
B. The 21st century sees the longest working hours in history.
C. Pausing our way of living can change the present workweek.
D. The cycle of hard work and consumption should be changed.
35. New Economics Foundation thinks a 21-hour workweek will _______.
A. increase unemployment B. encourage people to enjoy life
C. cause various problems D. challenge the economic growth
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
21-25 BDCDD 26-30 ADBAC 31-35 DABDB