2021届高考英语二轮复习好题专题01阅读理解第03期含解析202103052123

这是一份2021届高考英语二轮复习好题专题01阅读理解第03期含解析202103052123，共83页。
阅读理解
【2021届湖北省六校第一次联考】
Flies won’t transmit COVID-19
With the arrival of summer, many people are worried about contracting COVID-19 through mosquitoes or flies.
In response to the concern, Wang Liping, a researcher from the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said there is not yet evidence of people getting infected with the novel coronavirus through a mosquito or fly. She made her remarks at a news conference on Saturday. She said the virus is mainly spread through respiratory droplets and physical contact.
Djokovic gets COVID-19
Novak Djokovic tested positive for the coronavirus on Tuesday after taking part in a tennis exhibition series he organized. His wife also tested positive.
Djokovic has been criticized for organizing the tournament and bringing in players from other countries during the coronavirus pandemic (全国或全球性流行病). Viktor Troicki said Tuesday he and his pregnant wife have both been diagnosed with the virus, while Grigor Dimitrov, another tennis player, said Sunday he tested positive.
Kids are more prepared against virus
Children may be protected from coronavirus because they catch so many colds, scientists have suggested. Figures from the Office for National Statistics suggest children are just as likely to pick up the virus, but few ever develop serious disease, or even show symptoms.
While adults pick up a cold around two to four times a year, school age children catch an average of 12 colds annually, studies have shown. It may allow youngsters to build up some ongoing resistance that adults do not have.
Special bonds are to be issued
China will issue 100 billion yuan in special government bonds for COVID-19 control measures to balance epidemic control with economic and social development, the Ministry of Finance (MOF) said Monday. The MOF will issue two kinds of bonds, including 50 billion yuan in five-year bonds and 50 billion yuan in seven-year bonds, the MOF said in a statement. Both will be traded on June 23, 2020. China will pursue a more proactive and impactful policy this year to release more funds for companies and individuals.
21．Who is less likely to get COVID-19 according to the passage?
A．Children. B．Adults. C．Males. D．Females.
22．Which of the following is true?
A．People will get infected with the novel coronavirus if they are bitten by mosquitoes or flies.
B．Novak Djokovic,Viktor Troicki, Grigor Dimitrov and their wives were all tested positive.
C．Children who often catch colds are more easily to be infected with the novel coronavirus.
D．China is actively taking measures to balance epidemic control with economic and social development.
23．What does the news have in common?
A．They tell us to keep away from mosquitoes or flies.
B．They tell us something about the novel coronavirus.
C．They advise us to ignore the virus and take more exercise.
D．They advise us to make full use of our savings to make money.
【答案】21．A22．D23．B
【解析】本文是新闻报道。报道了几则和新型冠状病毒有关的新闻。
21．细节理解题。根据第三则新闻Kids are more prepared against virus中Children may be protected from coronavirus because they catch so many colds,. …children are just as likely to pick up the virus, but few ever develop serious disease, or even show symptoms.和school age children catch an average of 12 colds annually, … It may allow youngsters to build up some ongoing resistance that adults do not have.等内容可知研究表明因为儿童经常感冒，这使他们具有了成年人没有的持续的抵抗力，患新冠的几率比较小。即使他们感染病毒，也很少会发展成严重疾病。即儿童比成年人患新冠的几率更小，故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一部分Special bonds are to be issued中China will issue 100 billion yuan in special government bonds for COVID-19 control measures to balance epidemic control with economic and social development,和China will pursue a more proactive and impactful policy this year to release more funds for companies and individuals.可知中国将发行1000亿元人民币的新冠肺炎专项政府债券，促进疫情防控与经济社会发展相协调。中国将采取更加积极有效的政策，为企业和个人提供更多资金。这都说明中国正在积极采取措施，努力实现疫情防控与经济社会发展的平衡。故选D。
23．推理判断题。第一部分标题Flies won’t transmit COVID-19和there is not yet evidence of people getting infected with the novel coronavirus through a mosquito or fly.说明苍蝇和蚊子不会传播新冠病毒。第二部分Djokovic gets COVID-19介绍了几名感染新冠病毒的网球运动员。第三部分标题Kids are more prepared against virus和内容说明了儿童患新冠的几率比较小。第四部分China will issue 100 billion yuan in special government bonds for COVID-19 control measures to balance epidemic control with economic and social development,介绍了中国为应对新冠疫情采取的经济措施。综上可知，这四则新闻都是有关新冠的内容，故选B。
"Keep your eyes open. This is where the Ewoks live.'' The one-hour drive outside of San Francisco, covered in clouds along windy roads, has inspired my husband to say this sentence at least a dozen times.
We finally arrive at Muir Woods National Park. I explain the strange green stuff on trunks of trees as we pass by--mos (苔藓), something my 5-year-old son Cole has never seen in the desert where we live.
"Mom, are Ewoks real? I think they maybe aren't real. " There's a question in Cole's voice,like he's trying on this idea.
We've been down the road of pretending versus reality before, what with all the talk of superheroes and such around our house. "I think you are right. Ewoks are just in the movies. But it would be cool if they were real, right ?"
Cole's silent for a while, thinking. "I just saw an Ewok’s ear back there!" Coles spotted an additional Ewok arm and one full body of the tiny hairy creatures. It does indeed look like we are in the Ewok forest of Star Wars.
Cole's imagination is more than I can understand. What do plants eat? Which is the best planet? Which rocks float? He loves life. He loves his inner world and outer existence equally.
I hear a lot of worry from parents about media sucking the souls from our children, taking away their time for creative play. For us, this hasn’t been the case. Cole and his brother are quite knowledgeable in the realities of life when it comes to Angry Birds, Curious George, and the adventures of Indiana Jones. These characters, and others of their own invention, live in my home like visitors, joining us on walks and outings. I appreciate them, though not all the time, for the company they give my sons and their busy minds.
I think of media characters as an add-on to already busy minds, by carefully monitoring who gets invited into our lives, they become part of the parenting team. They teach loyalty adventure, curiosity--lessons I'm trying to convey, but in a much cooler way than I can.
Pretence is awesome. It provides practice for real life without the ordinary interfering.
24．Where are the family heading for?
A．The cinema. B．A park. C．San Francisco. D．A desert.
25．What can we know about Cole from the passage?
A．He is proud of himself. B．He is full of curiosity.
C．He is courageous. D．He is considerate.
26．What do many parents think of their children playing via media?
A．It wastes children's time.
B．It can make their children relaxed.
C．It can engage their children in learning actively.
D．It can accompany their children in their absence.
27．What's the authors attitude to the media characters in parenting children?
A．Indifferent. B．Critical. C．Supportive. D．Disapproving.
【答案】24．B25．B26．A27．C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过他们一家去国家公园的路上，儿子Cole对一切都非常好奇的情况，联想到了媒体角色对孩子的正面影响。作者谈到，很多父母都认为玩媒体游戏浪费孩子的时间。但事实上，媒体角色以一种非常酷的方式帮助父母教会了孩子忠诚、冒险和好奇。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段的We finally arrive at Muir Woods National Park.(我们最终到了Muir Woods国家公园)可知，作者一家要前往一个国家公园。B. A park.(一个公园)符合以上说法，故选B项。
25．推理判断题。根据第六段的Cole's imagination is more than I can understand. What do plants eat? Which is the best planet? Which rocks float? (Cole的想象力超乎我的想象。植物吃什么？哪个是最好的星球？哪一个岩石是漂浮的？)可知，Cole有很多的疑问。由此推测他对一切都充满了好奇。B. He is full of curiosity.(他充满了好奇)符合以上说法，故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的I hear a lot of worry from parents about media sucking the souls from our children, taking away their time for creative play. (我听到很多父母担心媒体会吸走孩子的灵魂，夺走他们创造性游戏的时间。)可推测，很多父母认为在媒体上玩是浪费时间。A. It wastes children's time.(它浪费了孩子的时间)符合以上说法，故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段I think of media characters as an add-on to already busy minds, by carefully monitoring who gets invited into our lives, they become part of the parenting team. They teach loyalty adventure, curiosity--lessons I'm trying to convey, but in a much cooler way than I can.(我认为媒体角色是我们已经非常忙碌的头脑的附加部分，通过仔细观察谁被邀请进入我们的生活，它们成为养育孩子团队的一部分。它们教会人们忠诚、冒险和好奇心，用一种比我所能想到的更酷的方式)可推测，作者对媒体角色在教育孩子这方面持赞同的态度。C. Supportive.(支持的)符合以上说法，故选C项。
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. However, it’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does. Runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique. It takes some practice.
28．What is the problem of race walking?
A．It most likely contributes to fewer injuries than running .
B．Race walkers have to obey certain rules while walking.
C．Just like running, race walking is mentally demanding.
D．Race walkers hit the ground with stronger force per step.
29．Which of the following usually burns more calories?
A．Race walking. B．Walking.
C．Running. D．Sleeping.
30．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Race walking is likely to cause knee injuries.
B．Race walking is fit for people with hip injuries.
C．Turning to experts before trying race walking is a good idea .
D．Practice more and you will surely benefit from race walking.
31．This passage is probably taken from __________.
A．a story book B．a textbook
C．a travel journal D．a sports magazine
【答案】28．B29．C30．C31．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了竞走运动的特点、对体能的要求以及可能对人们身体造成的伤害。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.（但是这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖，在摆动腿的大部分时间，要保持伸直，并且一只脚要始终与地面接触。）由此可知，竞走的问题在于竞走者在行走时必须遵守某些规则。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.（根据大多数计算，竞走者以每小时6英里的速度运动，每小时可以燃烧大约800卡路里，大约是步行燃烧的热量的两倍，尽管比跑步要少，而跑步每小时大约可以燃烧1000或更多卡路里。）由此可知，跑步通常燃烧更多的卡路里。故选C。
30．推理判断题，根据最后一段In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique.（事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走者，学习适当的技术。）由此推知，在尝试竞走之前，向专家咨询是个好主意。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.（竞走和跑步都对健康有许多好处，同时可能很少造成受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。）以及结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了竞走运动的特点、对体能的要求以及可能对人们身体造成的伤害。由此推知，这篇文章最可能出自一本体育杂志。故选D。
The artificial lighting which lines the world’s coastlines could be having a significant impact on species that rely on the moon and stars to find food, new research suggests.
Creatures such as the sand hopper(沙蚤) orientate(确定方位)their nightly migrations based on the moon’s position and brightness of the natural night sky. However, a study by Bangor University and the University of Plymouth shows the presence of artificial light originating from cities several kilometres away (also known as artificial sky glow) disrupts the lunar compass they use when covering long distances.
In some cases, this can lead to animals travelling towards the sea and away from food, while in others it reduces the chance of them venturing out for food at all. Writing in Current Biology, researchers say this could pose a distinct threat not just to the health of sand hopper populations but also the wider ecosystem, since they play an important role in breaking down and recycling algae washed up on coastlines.
Dr. Thomas Davies, Lecturer in Marine Conservation at the University of Plymouth (UK), said, “Artificial sky glow is the most geographically widespread form of light pollution. Surveys have shown it can currently be detected above 23% of the world’s coasts nightly, and with coastal human populations set to at least double by 2060, its effects are only going to increase. Our results show it is already having obvious impacts on biological processes that are guided by celestial(天上的)light signals.”
Through the study, researchers find increasing evidence that light pollution from coastal cities can influence marine species inhabiting nearby beaches, rocky shores and even the seafloor. These results highlight how pervasive(遍布的)city lighting could be in shaping the ecology of coastlines kilometres distant from their nearest urban centres. They also highlight the potential for artificial sky glow to impact other species that undergo migrations using the moon as a compass.
“While our understanding of the impacts of street lights on nature has improved dramatically, artificial sky glow has been largely overlooked. More work is urgently needed to fully understand the extent to which it is shaping the natural environment.” Dr. Thomas Davies added.
32．Which of the following could best replace “disrupts” in paragraph 2?
A．disturbs B．makes C．unites D．replaces
33．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The ways of creatures hunting food.
B．The causes of animals migrating at night.
C．The results of ecosystems being destroyed.
D．The influence of artificial light on creatures.
34．What have researchers found about light pollution?
A．It is the main pollution in cities.
B．It shapes the ecology of the ocean.
C．It has a great influence on surroundings.
D．It affects the migrations of sea creatures.
35．What does Dr. Thomas Davies think of the study of artificial sky glow?
A．It is useless. B．It is essential.
C．It is doubtful. D．It is challenging.
【答案】32．A33．D34．C35．B
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要阐述新的研究表明，世界海岸线上的人工照明可能对依靠月球和恒星寻找食物的物种有重大影响。
32．词句猜测题。However表示转折关系，上文Creatures such as the sand hopper(沙蚤) orientate(确定方位)their nightly migrations based on the moon’s position and brightness of the natural night sky.说明像沙蚤这样的生物根据月亮的位置和自然夜晚的亮度来确定它们的夜间迁徙的方向，因此推断下文划线句句意：班戈大学和普利茅斯大学的一项研究表明，来自几公里外城市的人工光（也称为人工天空辉光）的存在扰乱了它们长距离迁徙时使用的月球罗盘。可推断划线词与A项“扰乱”意思相近。故选A。
33．主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，在某些情况下，这可能导致动物走向大海和远离食物，而在另一些情况下，它减少了它们冒险出去觅食的机会。这可能不仅对沙蚤种群的健康构成威胁，而且对更广泛的生态系统构成明显的威胁，因此推断本段主要讲述人工光对生物的影响。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Through the study, researchers find increasing evidence that light pollution from coastal cities can influence marine species inhabiting nearby beaches, rocky shores and even the seafloor.( 通过这项研究，研究人员发现越来越多的证据表明，沿海城市的光污染会影响居住在附近海滩、岩石海岸甚至海底的海洋物种。)可知，光污染对周围环境有很大影响。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段的While our understanding of the impacts of street lights on nature has improved dramatically, artificial sky glow has been largely overlooked. More work is urgently needed to fully understand the extent to which it is shaping the natural environment.( 虽然我们对路灯对自然的影响的理解有了很大的提高，但人造天空辉光在很大程度上被忽视了。 迫切需要开展更多的工作，以充分了解它在多大程度上塑造了自然环境。)可推断，Thomas Davies博士认为我们对人造天空辉光的研究是基本的，需要开展更多的工作。故选B。
【四川省成都市2021届高三高中毕业班摸底】
Whatever you want to do to help people in need the United Nations may have the ideal job for you. Competition for most positions in the UN is fierce, but with preparation and a little luck, you may land your dream job with the UN.
* Research career options (选择) at the UN.
First of all, visit the United Nations website to get a feel for the different types of work at the UN. Which areas interest you most? Are there areas you are already qualified for? Are there areas you would like to work in but for which you still need qualifications?
* Decide what staff category you want to pursue.
UN careers are divided into different staff categories, each of which requires a specific educational background and area of expertise. The categories are further broken down into jobs at different levels. Considering your skills, interest and experience, decide which category and level is proper for you.
* Make sure you have the required education and experience.
Each career option has specific education and experience requirements. Here are some requirements for many positions at the UN:
Fluency in English or French, the working languages of the UN. It's essential. Fluency in additional languages, particularly Arabic, Chinese, Spanish, or Russian, is helpful for most positions.
A bachelor's degree or higher. Most positions in the UN require at least a bachelor's degree. Many specialist positions require advanced degrees in specialty.
Work experience in a related field. Depending on the position for which you are applying, you might need anywhere from 1-7 years of work experience.
1．What should you do first before starting job application?
A．Decide what staff category you want to pursue.
B．Get the required education and work experience.
C．Learn about choices on the United Nations website.
D．Decide which type of work of the UN interests you most.
2．What is extremely important for positions in the UN?
A．Years of work experience. B．A doctor's degree.
C．Fluency in the working languages. D．A good knowledge of culture.
3．What's the purpose of the text?
A．To give tips on applying for jobs in the UN.
B．To explain the process of applying for jobs in the UN.
C．To cl for more people to apply for positions in the UN.
D．To introduce what jobs in the UN are open to application.
【答案】1．C2．C3．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者提供了申请联合国工作的一些建议。
1．细节理解题。由第二段中的“First of all, visit the United Nations website to get a feel for the different types of work at the UN.”（首先，访问联合国网站，了解联合国不同类型的工作。），可知在开始申请工作之前，应该先在联合国网站上了解（工作）选择。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。由第五段“Fluency in English or French, the working languages of the UN. It's essential. Fluency in additional languages, particularly Arabic, Chinese, Spanish, or Russian, is helpful for most positions.”（精通联合国工作语言英语或法语。这很重要。精通其他语言，尤其是阿拉伯语、汉语、西班牙语或俄语，对大多数职位都有帮助。），可知工作语言流利对联合国的职位极为重要。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。由第一段尾句“Competition for most positions in the UN is fierce, but with preparation and a little luck, you may land your dream job with the UN.”（联合国大多数职位的竞争是激烈的，但只要做好准备，再加上一点运气，你就可以在联合国找到你理想的工作。），和打星号的小标题“* Research career options (选择) at the UN.”（*研究联合国的职业选择。），“* Decide what staff category you want to pursue.”（*决定你想从事什么工作种类。），“* Make sure you have the required education and experience.”（*确保你有必要的教育和经验。），由此判断出本文的目的是向读者提供了申请联合国工作的一些建议。故选A项。
I' m a seven year old girl but I understand that it is this fact, more than any other, that makes my family different: We don't go to school.
Dad worries that the government will force us to go but it can't because it doesn't know about us. Four of my parents' seven children don't have birth certificates. We have no medical records because we were born at home and have never seen a doctor or nurse. We have no school records because we've never set foot in a classroom. When I'm 9, I will be issued a Delayed Certificate of Birth, but at this moment, according to the state of Idaho and the federal government, I do not exist.
Of course, I did exist. I had grown up watching for the sun to darken, for the moon to drip as if with blood. I spent my summers bottling peaches and my winters rotating supplies.
I had been educated in the rhythms of the mountain, rhythms in which change was never fundamental, only cyclical. The same sun appeared each morning, swept over the valley and dropped behind the peak. The snows that fell in winter always melted in the spring. Our lives were a cycle—the cycle of the day, the cycle of the seasons—circles of lasting change that, when complete, meant nothing had changed at all. I believed my family was a part of this immortal pattern, and that we were, in some sense, eternal(永恒的). But eternity belonged only to the mountain.
All my father's stories were about our mountain, our valley. He never told me what to do if I left the mountain, if I crossed oceans and continents and found myself in a strange land. He never told me how I'd know when it was time to come home.
4．Why don't the kids in the writer's family go to school?
A．There are no schools nearby. B．They have delayed birth certificates.
C．The government doesn't know their existence. D．Their father doesn't want them to go to school.
5．What does the underlined word “cyclical” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Normal. B．Irregular.
C．Circular. D．Traditional
6．What does the writer try to express mainly in the last paragraph?
A．She wasn't prepared for her future life. B．Her father loved the mountain and valley.
C．She enjoyed listening to her father’s stories. D．Her father didn't want her to leave the family.
7．Where is this text most probably taken from?
A．An interview. B．An autobiography.
C．A play script. D．A news report.
【答案】4．D5．C6．A7．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的家庭与众不同，虽然孩子们不上学，但他们体验着不一样的教育。
4．细节理解题。由第二段中的“Dad worries that the government will force us to go but it can't because it doesn't know about us.”（爸爸担心政府会强迫我们去，但政府不能，因为政府不了解我们。）可知作者家的孩子不去上学是因为他们的父亲不想让他们上学。故选D项。
5．词义猜测题。由第四段中的“I had been educated in the rhythms of the mountain, rhythms in which change was never fundamental, only cyclical. The same sun appeared each morning, swept over the valley and dropped behind the peak. The snows that fell in winter always melted in the spring. Our lives were a cycle—the cycle of the day, the cycle of the seasons—circles of lasting change that, when complete, meant nothing had changed at all.”（我在高山的节奏中受教育，在这种节奏中，变化从来不是根本的，只是循环性的。每天早晨同样的太阳出现，掠过山谷，落在山顶后面。冬天下的雪总是在春天融化。我们的生活是一个循环——一天的循环，四季的循环——持续变化的循环，一旦完成，意味着什么都没有改变。）可知每天、四季都是循环的，是一个圆圈，cyclical在此处意为“Circular”（圆形的/循环的）。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。由最后一段“All my father's stories were about our mountain, our valley. He never told me what to do if I left the mountain, if I crossed oceans and continents and found myself in a strange land. He never told me how I'd know when it was time to come home.”（我父亲所有的故事都是关于我们的山，我们的山谷。他从来没有告诉我，如果我离开了山，如果我跨越海洋和大陆，发现自己在一个陌生的土地上该怎么办。他从来没告诉我怎么知道什么时候该回家了。）可知作者对于离开了山和家园，作者很茫然，不知道干什么，可推断出作者没有对将来的生活做好准备。故选A项。
7．推理判断题。由第一段“I' m a seven year old girl but I understand that it is this fact, more than any other, that makes my family different: We don't go to school.”（我是一个七岁的女孩，但我明白，正是“我们不上学”这个事实，比其他任何事情都更让我的家庭与众不同。）和其他段落可知，全文都用“I”（我）的口吻讲述自己的事情，可推断出这篇文章很可能来自“自传”。故选B项。
When visitors to the Palace Museum feel a need to sit down for a cup of tea or find a bathroom without a long line, they soon will be able to turn to their smart phones for the information they need.
This modern day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei Co., the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum, China's royal palace from 1420 to 1911, and the branch museum of the institution under construction in northwestern Beijing.
“It’s essential to always stay close to the latest technology to better serve the public,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum. Shan said there is still much room for improvement in the handling of a huge number of cultural relics (文物)，such as when the priceless painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival is exhibited again in the future. When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 am to get a glimpse. The museum ended up preparing instant noodles to serve the hungry visitors. “I don't want that scenario to reoccur," Shan said. “Our operation can be done in a more scientific way.
The new system will also make use of the closed--circuits television cameras that are set up all over the Palace Museum to safeguard the museum's precious relics. More than 1.86 million of them are housed at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year, topping all museums worldwide. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have evil ideas threatens these treasures?" Shan said. “After adopting the internet of things, we can instantly detect any motion involving the artifacts to prevent such threats.”
The 5G network also will be used to improve remote consultation through webcams, which will facilitate conversations with overseas scholars to jointly find the best answers for restoration and preservation issues.
8．What do we know about the Palace Museum?
A．Its visitors won't have to queue up for the bathroom.
B．It has served as China's royal palace for over 500 years.
C．It will cooperate with Huawei to promote its management.
D．It will set up advanced television cameras for the purpose of safety.
9．What does the underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Disaster. B．Situation. C．Operation. D．Exhibition.
10．What are the figures in Paragraph 4 intended to show about the Palace Museum?
A．It is better than any other museums. B．It has a rich collection of cultural relics.
C．It enjoys great popularity all over the world. D．It faces a tough challenge of protecting relics.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A Feast for Museum Visitors B．A Revolution in Exhibition
C．A Protector of Cultural Relics D．A Connection Between Old and New
【答案】8．C9．B10．D11．D
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了故宫将与华为合作，利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”，提升其管理水平，更好的保护文物，服务于公众。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段This modern day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei Co., the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum, China's royal palace from 1420 to 1911, and the branch museum of the institution under construction in northwestern Beijing.（这个现代的解决方案来自于上周五故宫博物院和电信巨头华为公司签署的一项协议，该协议旨在利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”。根据协议，5G Wi-Fi信号将覆盖故宫博物院——1420年至1911年期间的中国皇家宫殿，以及位于北京西北部正在建设的故宫分馆。）由此可知，故宫将与华为合作，提升其管理水平。故选C。
9．词义猜测题。根据第三段When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 am to get a glimpse. The museum ended up preparing instant noodles to serve the hungry visitors.（2015年它最后一次展出时，游客们排起长队，直到凌晨3点才能一睹它的风采。最后，博物馆为饥饿的游客准备了方便面。）可知这是发生了景区管理不当，游客过度密集和拥挤的情况。由此可知，划线词所在的句子“I don't want that scenario to reoccur," Shan said.意思是单霁翔说:“我不希望这种情况再次发生。” scenario意思是情况，A. Disaster.灾难；B. Situation.情况；C. Operation.操作；D. Exhibition.展览。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段More than 1.86 million of them are housed at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year, topping all museums worldwide. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have evil ideas threatens these treasures?" Shan said. “After adopting the internet of things, we can instantly detect any motion involving the artifacts to prevent such threats.”（ 其中超过186万件收藏在故宫博物院，去年创下了近2000万人次的公众参观记录，位居世界所有博物馆之首。“我们怎样才能确保不会有任何一个怀有恶意的访客威胁到这些宝藏呢?” 单说。“在采用互联网技术后，我们可以立即检测到任何涉及文物藏品的动作，以防止此类威胁。”）可知这里提到了这些数据，是想说明如此多的文物藏品，吸引了众多的参观者，其后隐藏的有人想破坏、偷窃文物的风险不容小觑。由此推知，第四段的关于故宫博物院的数字是想要表明它面临着保护文物的艰巨挑战。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。第二段This modern day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei Co., the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology.（这个现代的解决方案来自于上周五故宫博物院和电信巨头华为公司签署的一项协议，该协议旨在利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了故宫将与华为合作，利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”，提升其管理水平。“故宫”是历史遗产，而“5G技术”是新兴信息技术，把5G技术应用于故宫管理，是一个“新”与“旧”的结合。D选项“新旧之间的联系”最能引起读者兴趣，言简意赅的概括文章主题，最适合作文章题目。故选D。
A computer program has been used to predict how people are feeling when they type.
In a study participants were asked to type a particular phrase and the program then estimated if they were happy, sad and so on. Surprisingly it was correct 70 per cent of the time, and the findings could lead to smarter artificial intelligence in the future.
The study published in the journal Behavior and Information Technology was carried out by researchers at the Islamic University of Technology in Bangladesh, reports Live Science.
In the research 25 people ranging from 15 to 40 years old were asked to retype two paragraphs from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland written by Lewis Carroll. They also had to enter their emotional state every 30 minutes while doing their regular activities on the computer. This allowed the program an opportunity to understand how their emotions changed their typing style.
Moods tested were joy, fear, anger, sadness, hate, and shame. The result was that the program could identify(识别) a person' s mood correctly 70 per cent of the time. It was most successful in identifying joyfulness with an 87 per cent success ratio, while sadness was the least successful at 60 per cent. The researchers found that the participants were less likely to input (输人) data when they were in a bad mood, which may explain the inexactness of the second result.
However, the findings could have great importance for artificial intelligence, and it may allow computers to get along with us in a friendlier manner, “If we could build any system that is intelligent enough to communicate with humans that is, it can identify user emotions and change its behavior accordingly then using machines could be more effective and friendly.” the researchers wrote.
12．Who conducted the study?
A．Lewis Carroll. B．Islamic University of Technology.
C．Live Science. D．Behavior and Information Technology.
13．What were people asked to do during the research?
A．Input words and emotional state. B．Change their typing styles.
C．Change their feelings frequently. D．Show their natural feelings.
14．Why is the result about sadness not so correct?
A．People usually hide their unhappy feelings.
B．The program cannot recognize sadness clearly.
C．The program cannot calculate the data correctly.
D．It's more difficult to collect data when people are sad.
15．What's the importance of the research result?
A．It helps people develop smarter machines.
B．It helps people speed up their typing speed.
C．It will inspire similar studies on people's mood.
D．It clearly explains the relationship between mood and typing.
【答案】12．B13．A14．D15．A
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了据《生活科学》报道，发表在《行为与信息技术》杂志上，由孟加拉国伊斯兰科技大学的研究人员进行的一项研究表明，一种计算机程序可以用来预测人们打字时的感受。这项研究结果可以帮助人们开发更智能的机器。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段The study published in the journal Behavior and Information Technology was carried out by researchers at the Islamic University of Technology in Bangladesh, reports Live Science.（据《生活科学》报道，这项研究发表在《行为与信息技术》杂志上，由孟加拉国伊斯兰科技大学的研究人员进行。）由此可知，伊斯兰科技大学主持了这项研究。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段In the research 25 people ranging from 15 to 40 years old were asked to retype two paragraphs from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland written by Lewis Carroll. They also had to enter their emotional state every 30 minutes while doing their regular activities on the computer.（在这项研究中，25名年龄在15到40岁之间的人被要求重新键入Lewis Carroll写的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中的两段文字。他们还必须每隔30分钟输入情绪状态，同时在电脑上进行日常活动。）由此可知，在研究过程中，人们被要求输入文字和情绪状态。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段The researchers found that the participants were less likely to input (输人) data when they were in a bad mood, which may explain the inexactness of the second result.（研究人员发现，当参与者心情不好时，他们不太可能输入数据，这可以解释第二个结果的不准确性。）由此可知，关于悲伤的结果不是那么准确是因为当人们悲伤时，收集数据就比较困难了。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段However, the findings could have great importance for artificial intelligence, and it may allow computers to get along with us in a friendlier manner, “If we could build any system that is intelligent enough to communicate with humans that is, it can identify user emotions and change its behavior accordingly then using machines could be more effective and friendly.” the researchers wrote.（然而,这些发现可能对人工智能有重要意义,它可能允许计算机与我们以更友好的方式相处,“如果我们能建立任何足够聪明的和人类交流的系统,也就是说,它可以识别用户的情绪,并相应地改变其行为，然后可以更有效和友好的使用机器。”研究人员写道。）由此推知，研究结果的重要性在于帮助人们开发更智能的机器。故选A。
阅读理解【2021届湖南省教育联合体高三7月联考】
Whether you’re traveling over your children’s spring break, summer vacation or winter holidays, you’ll find Miami is such a hot spot for families year-round. There are various activities for vacationing kids in Miami, and they can spend one day learning about some of Miami’s rich cultural heritage (遗产),as well as a bit of science and history.
Start your day at Bayside Marketplace. There are plenty of shops and souvenir stands here for all members of the family. Kids will particularly enjoy Art By God, a shop devoted to natural stone, especially fossils(化石).
From Bayside Marketplace walk two blocks north to visit what is perhaps Miami’s most famous historical landmark, Freedom Tower (located at 600 Biscayne Boulevard). It is a great place to expose your kids to the Cuban heritage that is so much a part of life in Miami.
Then you will visit Miami’s Little Havana, and since it’s probably getting close to lunch time, drive yourself to Versailles Restaurant(3555 Southwest 8th Street) in the heart of Little Havana. Then take some time to simply walk the streets and take in the music, the art and the personality of the people and their neighborhood before returning to your car.
On your way back to the hotel, visit the Miami Science Museum, where there are complete science and natural history museums. Or you may visit the Miami Seaquarium (水族馆).Though there are many such theme parks more modern and in better shape than this 1955 pioneer, it’s still worth a visit for their dolphin, sea lion and killer whale shows. Kids can also get face to face with the endangered manatee(海牛)or watch specialists feeding 200-pound sharks.
21．Bayside Marketplace is a market for .
A．children only B．parents only
C．all tourists D．fossil collectors
22．What do we know about Little Havana?
A．It is a restaurant in Miami. B．It is an area of Miami.
C．It is the name of a famous person. D．It is the name of a street in Miami.
23．What can be inferred about the Miami Seaquarium?
A．It is the earliest seaquarium in Miami.
B．It is the largest seaquarium in Miami.
C．It is better equipped than any other seaquarium.
D．It has more visitors than any other seaquarium.
【答案】21．C22．B23．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。无论你是在孩子们的春假、暑假还是寒假期间旅行，你会发现迈阿密一年四季都是家庭出游的好地方，文章主要介绍了迈阿密一些适合孩子们去游玩的地方。
21．
细节理解题。根据第二段中Start your day at Bayside Marketplace. There are plenty of shops and souvenir stands here for all members of the family.可知从Bayside市场开始你的一天。这里有许多商店和纪念品摊，供所有家庭成员使用。由此可知，Bayside市场是一个面向所有游客的市场。故选C。
22．
细节理解题。根据第四段中Then you will visit Miami’s Little Havana, and since it’s probably getting close to lunch time, drive yourself to Versailles Restaurant(3555 Southwest 8th Street) in the heart of Little Havana.可知然后你将参观迈阿密的Little Havana，由于可能快到午餐时间了，你可以自己开车去Little Havana市中心的凡尔赛餐厅（第8街西南3555号）。由此可知，Little Havana是迈阿密的一个地区。故选B。
23．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Though there are many such theme parks more modern and in better shape than this 1955 pioneer, it’s still worth a visit for their dolphin, sea lion and killer whale shows.可知虽然有许多这样的主题公园比这座1955年的先锋公园更现代、更美观，但那里的海豚、海狮和虎鲸表演还是值得一看的。由此可推知，Miami Seaquarium是迈阿密最早的海洋馆。故选A。
They call it the “rule of 150”. An anthropologist(人类学家)called Robin Dunbar made a study of 21 different primitive societies. He found that they all lived in villages of around 150 people. Then he asked people living in modern cities to make a list of all the people they knew well enough to talk to. Each of them made a list of around 150 people. Many of us have left village life behind. But the idea of the village has not left us.
Other studies of businesses and army units have shown that when people are forced into groups of over 150 they become inefficient. There are just too many people around to communicate with effectively. It also seems that when our personal “villages” become too small, people feel lonely. We need other people to help us.
Many people see life as a kind of journey. As they travel they pick up things they need. These are friends, a family and jobs. This is a narrow way of looking at things. It does not explain why people who get good jobs and become rich are often unhappy.
Using the “rule of 150”, we can see things differently. Instead of being a lonely traveler, you are the head of your own village. You are responsible for every part of village life. Getting a good job helps with the “economic development of your village. But you also need to pay attention to the social harmony of your village.
Many people think that happiness is about winning a race. The winner gets a great job, a perfect family and a lot of money. The loser should expect to be unhappy. The “rule of 150” teaches us that happiness comes with getting the right balance of relationship in our lives.
In a competitive society it is easy to judge people according to the kind of job they have or how much money they make. In fact, we are all the boss of our own villages. This is a difficult job. It is worthy of your respect.
24．What does the figure “150” relate to?
A．The size of a group. B．The number of groups.
C．The amount of work. D．The number of primitive societies.
25．What is the author’s opinion about “seeing life as a kind of journey”?
A．It only refers to rich people. B．It doesn’t include village life.
C．It can’t cover all possibilities in life. D．It may bring about unhappiness.
26．What do you do as the head of your own village?
A．Take a long journey with the other villagers.
B．Compete against others to achieve happiness.
C．Use the “rule of 150” to improve the village life.
D．Deal properly with the people and things around you.
27．What is the “rule of 150” discussed in the text mainly about?
A．The journey of life. B．Relationship in one’s life.
C．The way to look at things. D．The competitive society.
【答案】24．A25．C26．D27．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“150法则”，这个法则是出于对企业和军队的研究表明，当人们被强迫进入150人以上的群体时，他们的效率就会降低。周围有太多的人，无法有效沟通。当我们个人的“村庄”变得太小时，人们似乎感到孤独。我们需要别人的帮助。使用“150法则”，我们可以看到不同的事情。“150法则”告诉我们，在生活中正确平衡人际关系，幸福就会随之而来。
24．
细节理解题。根据第一段They call it the “rule of 150”. An anthropologist(人类学家)called Robin Dunbar made a study of 21 different primitive societies. He found that they all lived in villages of around 150 people. Then he asked people living in modern cities to make a list of all the people they knew well enough to talk to. Each of them made a list of around 150 people. Many of us have left village life behind. But the idea of the village has not left us.可知他们称之为“150法则”。人类学家Robin Dunbar研究了21个不同的原始社会。他发现他们都住在人口约150人的村庄里。然后，他让住在现代城市的人们列出一张表，上面列有所有他们很熟悉、可以交谈的人。他们每人列出了一份大约150人的名单。我们许多人已经离开了乡村生活。但是村庄的概念并没有离开我们。由此可知，数字“150”与一个群体的大小有关。故选A。
25．
细节理解题。根据第三段中This is a narrow way of looking at things. It does not explain why people who get good jobs and become rich are often unhappy.可知这是一种狭隘的看待事物的方式。这并不能解释为什么那些找到好工作并变得富有的人往往不快乐。由此可知，对于“视人生为一种旅程”，作者认为它不能涵盖生活中的所有可能性。故选C。
26．
推理判断题。根据第四段中Instead of being a lonely traveler, you are the head of your own village. You are responsible for every part of village life. Getting a good job helps with the “economic development of your village. But you also need to pay attention to the social harmony of your village.可知你不是一个孤独的旅行者，你是你自己村庄的领袖。你要对乡村生活的方方面面负责。找到一份好工作有助于你所在村庄的经济发展。但你也需要注意你所在村庄的社会和谐。由此可推知，作为村长，你应该正确处理你周围的人和事。故选D。
27．
推理判断题。根据第二段Other studies of businesses and army units have shown that when people are forced into groups of over 150 they become inefficient. There are just too many people around to communicate with effectively. It also seems that when our personal “villages” become too small, people feel lonely. We need other people to help us.可知其他对企业和军队的研究表明，当人们被强迫进入150人以上的群体时，他们的效率就会降低。周围有太多的人，无法有效沟通。当我们个人的“村庄”变得太小时，人们似乎感到孤独。我们需要别人的帮助。以及倒数第二段中The “rule of 150” teaches us that happiness comes with getting the right balance of relationship in our lives.可知“150法则”告诉我们，在生活中正确平衡人际关系，幸福就会随之而来。由此可推知，文章中讨论的“150规则”主要是关于生活中的关系的。故选B。
Scientists can’t predict earthquakes. But toads(蟾蜍)might be able to.
In the spring of 2010, Rachel Grant, a researcher in life sciences, was studying a population of toads in a large dry lake in central Italy. Common toads reproduce once a year, sometimes traveling great distances to gather at their breeding(繁殖)grounds, and Grant was looking at whether her subjects were using the cycles of the moon to coordinate their romantic encounters.
In the previous three years, she had watched the toads increase in number when the moon grew from new to full. But that year was different. The moon became almost full, and suddenly the toads were gone. “It went from there being 90 to 100 toads down to six, and then to one, and then zero,” says Grant.
“I was at a loss. Did somebody come and disturb them? Did somebody run through with a tractor? But that didn’t seem right. Toads get run over by cars all the time, and that doesn’t make them run away,” she says.
Five days after the toads disappeared, she had a possible answer: an earthquake struck in the middle of the night. The 6. 3-magnitude quake was the deadliest to hit Italy in nearly 30 years, killing roughly 300 people and leaving tens of thousands homeless.
Grant stayed to count her toads in spite of the aftershocks. When a full moon rose three days after the quake, a few toads risked a return. But then their numbers dropped again, remaining low until two days after the last aftershock-a full 10 days after the first quake. “It’s never been reported to have happened before,” says Grant. “Once they’re breeding, then they’re breeding. That’s it. “
The question now, says Grant, is whether seismologists(地震学家)can do anything with her research to try to predict the next big one. “A lot of people are asking, “Can we use them as a kind of monitoring tool, keep one at home and watch to see if they run away? “ says Grant. “That’s obviously not going to work. “ But she’s hoping something might.
28．What was Grant’s main purpose in going to the large dry lake in Italy?
A．To use toads to predict earthquakes. B．To study toads during an earthquake.
C．To check the number of toads there. D．To study toads’ breeding activities.
29．What was unusual about the toads before the earthquake?
A．Their number increased when a new moon rose.
B．Their number increased when the moon became full.
C．They disappeared just before the moon became full.
D．They disappeared when a new moon rose.
30．What does Grant really mean by stating “I was at a loss”？
A．She felt sorry for the toads. B．She felt puzzled at what she saw.
C．She felt fearful about the earthquake. D．She felt sad about what somebody had done.
31．When did the number of toads begin to increase after the earthquake?
A．When the moon began to rise. B．After the aftershocks stopped.
C．Two days after the earthquake. D．Three days after the moon became full.
【答案】28．D29．C30．B31．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。科学家无法预测地震，但蟾蜍也许可以。2010年，生命科学研究员Rachel Grant在意大利中部一个大的干涸湖泊中研究蟾蜍的种群时发现，蟾蜍会在地震快要到来时消失，且一直会持续到余震停止之后数量才会开始增加。Grant说现在的问题是，地震学家能否利用她的研究来预测下一场大地震。她希望有这是有可能的。
28．
细节理解题。根据第二段中In the spring of 2010, Rachel Grant, a researcher in life sciences, was studying a population of toads in a large dry lake in central Italy.可知2010年春天，生命科学研究员Rachel Grant在意大利中部一个大的干涸湖泊中研究蟾蜍的种群。由此可知，Grant去意大利那个干涸的大湖的主要目的是研究蟾蜍的繁殖活动。故选D。
29．
细节理解题。根据第三段In the previous three years, she had watched the toads increase in number when the moon grew from new to full. But that year was different. The moon became almost full, and suddenly the toads were gone. “It went from there being 90 to 100 toads down to six, and then to one, and then zero,” says Grant.可知在过去的三年里，她观察到了月亮从初升到满月时蟾蜍的数量在增加。但那一年不一样。快月圆时，蟾蜍突然不见了。Grant说：“蟾蜍数量从90只到100只减少到6只，然后减少到1只，再到0只。”由此可知，地震前蟾蜍的不寻常之处是，他们在月圆之前消失了。故选C。
30．
句意猜测题。根据第四段中Did somebody come and disturb them? Did somebody run through with a tractor? But that didn’t seem right. Toads get run over by cars all the time, and that doesn’t make them run away,” she says.可知“有人来打扰他们了吗？有人开拖拉机穿过吗？但这似乎不对。蟾蜍总是会被汽车碾过，但这并不会让它们逃跑，”她说。由此可推知，Grant所说的“I was at a loss”的意思是她对所看到的蟾蜍消失的现象，感到迷惑不解。故选B。
31．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中When a full moon rose three days after the quake, a few toads risked a return. But then their numbers dropped again, remaining low until two days after the last aftershock-a full 10 days after the first quake.可知当地震三天后满月升起时，一些蟾蜍冒险返回。但随后它们的数量再次下降，直到最后一次余震的两天之后，也就是第一次地震整整10天之后，它们的数量仍然很低。由此可推知，地震后蟾蜍的数量是余震停止后开始增加的。故选B。
A raised eyebrow, a puzzled look or a nod of the head are just a few of the facial expressions computers could soon be using to read people’s minds.
An emotionally aware” computer being developed by British and American scientists will be able to read an individuals thoughts by analyzing a combination of facial movements that represent underlying feelings.
“The system we have developed allows a wide range of mental states to be identified just by pointing a video camera at someone, “ said Professor Peter Robinson of the University of Cambridge.
He believes the mind-reading computer’s applications could range from improving people’s driving skills to helping companies tailor advertising to people’s moods(心情).
“Imagine a computer that could pick the right emotional moment to try to sell you something, a future where mobile phones, cars and Web sites could read our mind and react to our moods,” he added.
The researchers, who are developing the technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States, also hope to get it to accept other inputs such as posture(姿势)and gesture.
“Our research could enable Web sites to tailor advertising or products to your mood,” said Robinson. “For example, a Webcam(网络摄相机) linked with our software could process your image, encode the correct emotional state and send information to a Web site.” It could also be useful in online teaching to show whether someone understands what is being explained and in improving road safety by determining if a driver is confused, bored or tired.
“We are working with a car company, and they believe this will be employed in cars within five years,” Robinson said, adding that a camera could be built into the dashboard(仪表板).
32．Why is the computer described as “emotionally aware”?
A．It can store your thoughts. B．It can express its feelings.
C．It thinks the same way as you. D．It knows what you are feeling.
33．Which word can best replace the underlined word “tailor” in Paragraph 4?
A．Suit. B．Turn. C．Devote. D．Reduce.
34．What is the purpose of the camera to be built into the dashboard of a car?
A．To identify the driver’s mental state. B．To help the driver learn driving skills.
C．To send traffic information to a Web site. D．To record the driver’s facial movements.
35．In introducing the mind-reading computer, the text focuses on .
A．its development B．its designers
C．its applications D．its working process
【答案】32．D33．A34．A35．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国和美国科学家正在开发一种能够感知情感的电脑，这种电脑将能够通过分析一个人的面部表情组合来解读他的想法，开发的系统可以通过将摄像机对准某人来识别多种心理状态。文章着重介绍了这种电脑可以应用的领域，如提高驾驶技能和根据情绪定制广告推销产品等。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段An emotionally aware” computer being developed by British and American scientists will be able to read an individuals thoughts by analyzing a combination of facial movements that represent underlying feelings.可知英国和美国科学家正在开发一种能够感知情感的电脑，这种电脑将能够通过分析一个人的面部表情组合来解读他的想法。由此可知，计算机被描述为“情感感知”，是因为它知道你的感受。故选D。
33．词义猜测题。根据第五段“Imagine a computer that could pick the right emotional moment to try to sell you something, a future where mobile phones, cars and Web sites could read our mind and react to our moods,” he added.(他补充说：“想象一下，一台电脑能够挑选出你正确的情绪并向你推销某样东西，在未来，手机、汽车和网站都能够读懂我们的思想，并对我们的情绪做出反应。”)以及划线词后文advertising to people’s moods(心情).可知这种能读心术的电脑可以帮助公司制定适合人们情绪的广告。由此可知，划线单词意思为“适合”。A. Suit.适合；B. Turn.转弯；C. Devote.奉献；D. Reduce.减少。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中It could also be useful in online teaching to show whether someone understands what is being explained and in improving road safety by determining if a driver is confused, bored or tired.可知它还可以用于在线教学，以显示某人是否理解所解释的内容，并通过判断司机是否感到困惑、无聊或疲劳，来提高道路安全。由此可知，安装在汽车仪表盘上的照相机的目的是确定司机的精神状态。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据第四段He believes the mind-reading computer’s applications could range from improving people’s driving skills to helping companies tailor advertising to people’s moods(心情).可知他认为，这种能读心术的电脑的应用范围可以从提高人们的驾驶技能到帮助公司根据人们的情绪定制广告。以及后文提到的能读心术的电脑还可以应用于提高道路安全，由此可知，在介绍读心计算机时，着重介绍了它的应用。故选C。
阅读理解 【2021届江苏省徐州市第一中学新高考全国卷第一次适应性考试】
Feeling down? Why not visit one of these four websites?
Collegehumor.com
This site was created in 1999 and gets about seven million visitor per month. Two of its videos have been chosen as winners for the Webby Awards: Pixar Intro Parody and Web Site Story. Other funny videos to looks out for include a debate on the advantages and disadvantages of going to college.
Funnyordie.com
This site has lots of really funny videos And as the name suggests, users vote on videos, choosing the options “funny” or “die”. If the video receives too many “die” votes, it's sent to the site's “crypt”. But if it gets enough “funny” votes, it goes into the Hall of Fame. The site was crated in 2006 by comedians Will Ferrell and Adam McKay. The site’s first video. The Landlord has had over 70 million views Videos to watch out for include Just a Tip: Taxi, with some valuable advice on how to catch a taxi, and Over Analyzing Texts, with some tips on how to respond to text messages
Reddit.com
Founded in 2005, Reddit.com is a social news and entertainment website. Registered users put funny content in the form of the video link or texts on the website. Other users then vote these things “up” or “down”. The most recent and well-liked content appears at the top on the front page of the site.
Theonion.com
First appearing as a satirical newspaper in 1988, Theonion.com has hundred of videos and articles on news and current affairs, and receives an average of 7.5 million visitors a months. It’s famous for its amusing items, such as Michelle Obama Seen Outside Walking Family Rhinoceros or Dad Can’t Believe Lawn.
21．If you want to watch videos ever winning the Webby Awards, you can visit____________.
A．Reddit. com B．Collegehumor. com
C．Theonion.com D．Funnyordie.com
22．Videos on the website Funnyordie.com are __________.
A．watched over 70 million times
B．voted by their users
C．based on newspaper stories
D．created by users
23．What do Reddit.com and Theonion.com have in common?
A．They include funny videos
B．They include valuable advice
C．They include debates on education
D．They provide satirical news
【答案】21．B22．B23．A
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲了当你心情低落的时候，可以访问文中推荐的四个网址。
21．细节理解题。根据Collegehumor.com中Two of its videos have been chosen as winners for the Webby Awards: Pixar Intro Parody and Web Site Story. Other funny videos to looks out for include a debate on the advantages and disadvantages of going to college.可知，如果你想观看获得“威比奖”的视频，你可以访问Collegehumor. Com。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Funnyordie.com中This site has lots of really funny videos And as the name suggests, users vote on videos, choosing the options “funny” or “die”.可知，在Funnyordie.com网站上的视频是由用户投票选出的。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据Reddit.com中Founded in 2005, Reddit.com is a social news and entertainment website. Registered users put funny content in the form of the video link or texts on the website.和Theonion.com中It’s famous for its amusing items可知，Reddit.com和Theonion.com的共同之处是它们都包括有趣的视频。故选A。
On a cool morning, Wilson Kasaine heads out along a dirt path in southern Kenya. His calmness makes it easy to forget that he’s tracking one of the most dangerous animals in the world. Kasaine is tracking lions—especially one lion called Marti, who is the real-life Lion King of Selenkay Conservancy.
Tracking lions on foot may sound like a death wish, but Kasaine has been doing it for most of his life. Born into a traditional Maasai family he quickly grew to understand the beauty and danger of wildlife. Living with big wild animals forces him to develop a good sense of where they have been and where they may be going. During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印) of a lion from those of other animals.
Growing up, Kasaine knew that improving his tracking abilities would help him avoid surprise meetings with dangerous animals. For many Maasai, tracking is mainly a matter of self-protection. But Kasaine is tracking lions to meet them and to protect them. He leads a small group of wide-eyed tourists over the red sandy path, searching for the lion that has left upon it his prints.
Each year, thousands of tourists crowd Kenya’s national parks to try to have a look at the＂big five＂; elephants, rhinoceros, leopards, buffaloes and lions. The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.
Wildlife protection efforts in Kenya meant marking off land exclusively(专门地)for animals. But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas. They are also finding it increasingly hard to keep a traditional Maasai lifestyle. But people are glad that it really makes a difference to wildlife protection.
24．How did Kasaine track lions?
A．By working together with tourists.
B．By running after them all the time.
C．By going to school every day.
D．By studying their paw prints.
25．What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A．Maasai people are born animal lovers.
B．Tourism is a big threat to Kenya’s wildlife.
C．Kenya benefits a lot from its wildlife protection.
D．Small animals are not included in their protection policy.
26．What does the underlined word ＂it＂in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Kenya’s economic development.
B．People’s leaving their original homes.
C．Kenya’s second-largest income source.
D．Kenyan people’s traditional Maasai lifestyle.
27．What is the best title for the text?
A．Wildlife protection in Kenya
B．Meeting a dangerous animal
C．Wilson Kasaine’s wise choice
D．Learning to live with lions
【答案】24．D25．C26．B27．A
【解析】本文是记叙文。这篇文章通过讲述Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家，人们也非常高兴，并且支持野生动植物保护。
24．推理判断题。由第二段During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印)of a lion from those of other animals.可推知Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子，选D。
25．细节理解题。由第四段The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.可知肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多，选C。
26．推理判断题。由最后一段But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas,可推知"it”指的是人们离开他们最初的家，选B。
27．主旨大意题。这篇文章通过讲述Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家，人们也非常高兴，并且支持野生动植物保护，选A。
Food storing is common in members of the crow（乌鸦）family. A new study tested the birds outside this naturally occurring behaviour, which may have evolved（进化）specifically because it gives crows a survival advantage. Some crow species are known to naturally use tools to recover food. So the researchers tested whether the birds could store and recover a tool so they could get it at their food after a gap of 17 hours—something we wouldn’t expect them to do naturally. But they were able to instantly select the tool out of a number of unnecessary items.
In another experiment, the researchers taught crows to select a token （礼品券）from a number of items so that they could then exchange for food. Again, the birds then showed that they could plan for the future using this new behaviour. This is different from all of the previous studies in future planning, which have focused on naturally occurring behaviour. For example, we know that chimpanzees select, transport and save appropriate tools for future needs.
These studies have shown that animals can plan for the future—but they left an important question open for debate. Are animals only able to plan to use abilities that have evolved to give them a specific advantage, or can they flexibly and intelligently apply planning behaviour across various actions? Most critics would say the former, as the animals were tested in naturally occurring behaviours.
But the new research provides the first evidence that animal species can plan for the future using behaviour that doesn’t typically occur in nature. This supports the view that at least some recognitive abilities in animals don’t evolve just in response to specific problems. Instead, it suggests that animals can apply these behaviours flexibly across problems in a similar way to humans. We need to investigate how flexible behaviour evolved. Then we might be able to see how crows’ ability to plan for the future fits in with their broader cognitive powers.
28．What’s the new finding about some crows according to Paragraph 1?
A．They can store food. B．They can use tools to recover food.
C．They can store and recover tools. D．They can select and store food.
29．What are crows trained by scientists to do when given a token?
A．Reject it casually. B．Exchange it for food.
C．Save it as their food. D．Build a nest with it.
30．What do scientists think of the studies that animals can plan for the future?
A．They are controversial. B．They are disappointing.
C．They are contradictory. D．They are convincing.
31．What can be inferred about recognitive abilities in animals?
A．They develop only with age.
B．It is unclear how they’ve evolved now.
C．No animals but crows benefit from them.
D．Planning for the future helps their evolution.
【答案】28．C29．B30．A31．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过乌鸦，谈论有关动物的进化。它们是怎样进化的目前还不清楚。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中Some crow species are known to naturally use tools to recover food. 和But they were able to instantly select the tool out of a number of unnecessary items.通过第一段可知对乌鸦的新发现是：他们可以存储和恢复工具。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句In another experiment, the researchers taught crows to select a token (礼品券) from a number of items so that they could then exchange for food.可知训练乌鸦用奖品劵来交换食物。故选Ｂ。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句These studies have shown that animals can plan for the future-but they left an important question open for debate.( 这些研究表明，动物能够规划未来——但它们留下了一个有待讨论的重要问题。)可推断，科学家们对动物可以为未来计划的研究是有争议的。故选Ａ。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中We need to investigate how flexible behaviour evolved.(我们需要研究灵活的行为是如何进化的。)可推断，它们是怎样进化的还不清楚。故选Ｂ。
A billionaire has recently made one of the biggest charitable（慈善的）donations to a university in China’s history. Chen Tianqiao donated $115 million to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help advanced brain research. The donation will be spent deepening the understanding of how the brain works. Chen has been interested to brain research, believing it can shape the industries such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality. However, this huge donation has caused heated discussing among Chinese scholars and internet users alike.
Many criticized him for choosing to give money to a foreign university rather than home institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are on track to catch up with the US in just a few years. Rao Yi, a biologist at Peking University, even said the donation was a typical mistake.
Others, however, support his choice. They believe Caltech is a more reasonable choice compared to Chinese research institutions. Caltech has a long history and has taken a leading position in biology, and therefore it produces more efficient results. In addition, the results of the research benefit not only the American people, but also the rest of the world.
A similar controversial case started two years ago when Pan Shiyi, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese students.
Many believe that China is still behind in the management and use of donated money, and that as a result, Chinese charity donators are looking abroad. In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, have well-developed systems that use money efficiently. They can also provide full access for donors who want to track the use of the money. To get more donations, Chinese universities should be braver and more honest. They need self-reflection, rather than envy.
32．Why did Chen’s donation draw criticism?
A．It was not given to a Chinese university.
B．It was one of the largest to Caltech.
C．It was not used efficiently in the USA．
D．It was used in brain research.
33．What is the reason for some people in favor of Chen’s choice?
A．The Chinese are just too envious
B．The achievements will benefit the whole world
C．Caltech is a university with a longer history
D．The fund can help disadvantaged Chinese students
34．What is then author’s purpose to mention Pan Shiyi in the passage?
A．To suggest the enthusiasm of the billionaires
B．To show off generosity of the billionaires
C．To inform Chinese students are poor at academy
D．To stress the disagreement over donating abroad.
35．What does the author think of the Chinese universities should do to get more fund?
A．explore artificial intelligence B．develop efficient systems
C．grow fast and catch up with the US D．educate more honest graduates
【答案】32．A33．B34．D35．B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了一位亿万富翁给国外的一所大学捐赠了很多钱，这一举动引起了人们的广泛议论。
32．细节理解题。由第二段Many criticized him for choosing to give money to a foreign university rather than home institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are on track to catch up with the US in just a few years.可知Chen的捐赠招来了很多批评是因为他没有捐赠给中国的大学，故选A。
33．推理判断题。由第三段In addition, the results of the research benefit not only the American people, but also the rest of the world.(此外，研究结果不仅有利于美国人民，而且有利于世界其他国家。)可推知有些人支持Chen的选择是因为所取得的成就将会是全世界人民受益，故选B。
34．推理判断题。由倒数第二段A similar controversial case started two years ago when Pan Shiyi, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese students.( 两年前，SOHO中国董事长潘石屹向哈佛大学捐赠了1,500万美元，以帮助处境不利的中国学生。)可推知作者提到Pan Shiyi的目的是强调给国外捐赠的争论，故选D。
35．细节理解题。由最后一段In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, have well-developed systems that use money efficiently.可知作者认为中国的大学想要获得更多的资金，应该发展有效的体系，故选B。
阅读理解【2021届广西钦州市第一中学高三开学摸底】
Choose Your One-Day-Tours!
Tour A - Bath &Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge -￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum, Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.
Tour B - Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway’s -￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶）” from St Mary‘s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.
Tour C - Windsor Castle &Hampton Court: including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace -￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILL’s favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!
Tour D –Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great -￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.
21．Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?
A．Tour A B．Tour B
C．Tour C D．Tour D
22．Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?
A．Windsor Castle & Hampton Court B．Oxford & Stratford
C．Bath & Stonehenge D．Cambridge
23．Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?
A．It used to be the home of royal families B．It used to be a well-known maze
C．It is the oldest palace in Britain D．It is a world-famous castle
【答案】21．B22．D23．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四个一日游项目，包括参观景点、费用等细节信息。
21．细节理解题。根据Tour B中的Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges可知，Tour B中包括英国历史最悠久的大学城和学院，故选B。
22．细节理解题。比较四个一日游中的17 March这一天的价格可知，Tour D中的Cambridge中的￡33最便宜，故选D。该题容易误选B项，但根据Tour B - Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway’s -￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter.可知，12号之前是￡32，之后是￡36。所以不选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据Tour C中的With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen可知，汉普顿宫曾是4个国王和一个女王的家，有着500多年的历史，也就是皇室的家，故选A。
Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. 
In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
24．What is the text mainly about?
A．Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia.
B．Williams’ influence on Benjamin.
C．The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist.
D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
25．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?
A．The cat would be closely watched. B．The cat would get some medical care.
C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly. D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
26．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?
A．He took him to see painting exhibitions. B．He provided him with painting materials.
C．He sent him to a school in Philadelphia. D．He taught him how to make engravings.
27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to master the use of paints.
B．Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to appreciate landscape paintings.
C．Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to get to know other painters.
D．Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to make up his mind to be a painter.
【答案】24．C25．D26．B27．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了Benjamin West在六岁到九岁时对绘画的热爱，他所面临的问题，堂兄弟Pennington先生对他的帮助以及如何在大艺术家William Williams的影响下，引导着他走上了艺术家的道路。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段中Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.可知Benjamin West，美国绘画之父，在他只有六岁的时候就表现出了他的艺术天赋。结合本文介绍了Benjamin West在六岁到九岁时对绘画的热爱, 他所面临的问题，堂兄弟Pennington先生对他的帮助以及如何在大艺术家William Williams的影响下，引导着他走上了艺术家的道路。由此可知，这篇文章的主要内容是Benjamin成为艺术家的开始。故选C。
25．句意猜测题。根据画线句后文When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.可知当他回家时，他送给本杰明一盒油漆和一些刷子。他还寄来了一位艺术家的六幅版画。这是本杰明所见过的第一幅画，第一批真正的颜料和画笔。由此可知，画线句子的意思“Benjamin很快就会有真正的画笔”。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.(当他回家时，他送给Benjamin一盒油漆和一些刷子)以及最后一段In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.(在城里，Pennington先生给Benjamin提供了创作油画的材料)由此可知，Pennington通过给Benjamin提供了画刷等绘画材料来帮助他学习绘画。故选B。
27．细节理解。根据最后一段中Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.可知Williams对本杰明印象深刻，给了他两本关于绘画的经典书籍让他带回家。这些书又长又乏味。本杰明是个穷学生，只能读一点书。但他后来说：“这两本书白天是我的伙伴，晚上放在我的枕头下。”虽然他可能对这些书知之甚少，但它们是他接触古典绘画的入门。那个九岁的男孩那时决定他要成为一名艺术家。由此可推知，Williams的两本书帮助本杰明下定决心成为一名画家。故选D。
Antioxidants (抗氧化剂) in coffee are thought to help protect against stroke — but too much must raise blood pressure, which increases the risk, according to Japanese researchers. Similarly, green tea could also be beneficial for preventing the shocking event, caused when a blood vessel(血管) in or serving the brain is blocked.
The study looked at the drinking habits of more than 83,000 healthy adults, aged 45 to 74, whose health was tracked for 13 years on average. They found that people who drank at least one cup of coffee a day had about a 20 percent lower risk of stroke, compared to those who rarely drank it. To get an equal effect, about four cups of green tea a day were required.
All results were adjusted to take into account differences between the groups in age composition, gender, smoking, alcohol, weight, diet and exercise. Dr. Yoshihiro Kokubo, lead author of the study, published in the journal Stroke, said, “The regular action of drinking tea and coffee, largely benefits cardiovascular (心脏血管的) health.”
Their results for coffee were similar to that of “study of studies”, presented at a European conference, which found that one to three cups a day was associated with a 14 percent reduction. For three to six cups, there appeared to be a similar but weaker association, but there was no benefit from drinking six or more.
Exactly why coffee and green tea appears to lower stroke risk is unclear, although antioxidants are thought to be at work. However, the science is by no means cut and dried. Caffeine raises blood pressure, and there have been indications that too much coffee can raise stroke risk because of this.
Dr. Dale Webb, from the Stroke Association said, “We welcome this study which suggests that the benefits of antioxidants in coffee and green tea may offset the potential harm from caffeine.” He thought, the results show higher consumption of green tea and coffee might reduce the risks of stroke. “We would like to see further research to understand these findings,” he said.
28．What may lead to a stroke according to the first paragraph?
A．Higher blood pressure. B．Drinking a cup of coffee a day.
C．Blocked blood vessels in the brain. D．Antioxidants.
29．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The study mainly focuses on middle­aged people.
B．Drinking one cup of coffee a day benefits health.
C．Those who seldom drink coffee are healthier.
D．Drinking tea contributes to stroke.
30．What is the attitude of Dr. Dale Webb toward this study?
A．He saw more findings of this study unsatisfiedly.
B．He understood the difficulty of this study.
C．He appreciated the achievements of this study.
D．He was disappointed to find no following research.
31．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Drinking coffee raises blood pressure B．Drinking tea reduces stroke
C．Drinking coffee equals drinking tea D．Drinking tea or coffee properly matters
【答案】28．C29．B30．C31．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明，喝咖啡或绿茶可以降低中风的风险。但是，过量饮用也会导致血压升高，因此，要适量饮用咖啡或绿茶。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Similarly, green tea could also be beneficial for preventing the shocking event, caused when a blood vessel(血管) in or serving the brain is blocked.可知同样，绿茶也有助于预防中风，这是由于大脑内部或服务于大脑的血管被阻塞而引起的。由此可知，当大脑中的血管发生堵塞的时候，可能会导致中风。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句They found that people who drank at least one cup of coffee a day had about a 20 percent lower risk of stroke, compared to those who rarely drank it.可知他们发现，与很少喝咖啡的人相比，每天至少喝一杯咖啡的人患中风的风险要低20%。由此可推断，每天至少喝一杯咖啡对身体健康有好处。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Dr. Dale Webb, from the Stroke Association said, “We welcome this study which suggests that the benefits of antioxidants in coffee and green tea may offset the potential harm from caffeine.”可知中风协会的Dale Webb博士说:“我们欢迎这项研究，它表明咖啡和绿茶中的抗氧化剂的好处可以抵消咖啡因的潜在危害。”由此可判断出，Dale Webb医生对这项研究的成果持赞赏态度。故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段Antioxidants (抗氧化剂) in coffee are thought to help protect against stroke — but too much must raise blood pressure, which increases the risk, according to Japanese researchers. Similarly, green tea could also be beneficial for preventing the shocking event, caused when a blood vessel(血管) in or serving the brain is blocked.可知据日本研究人员称，咖啡中的抗氧化剂被认为有助于预防中风，但喝太多咖啡就会导致血压升高，从而增加中风的风险。同样，绿茶也有助于预防中风，这是由于大脑内部或服务于大脑的血管被阻塞而引起的。结合本文主要讲述最新的研究表明，适当饮用一定量的咖啡或绿茶能降低患中风的风险。故D选项“适当饮用咖啡或茶很重要”最适合作标题。故选D。
The Coral Sea is home to an amazing variety of turtles, sharks, whales, dolphins, large fish, birds, corals, plants, and many other species. Many of these species are endangered elsewhere in the world, but still survive in the healthy environment of the Coral Sea.
The Coral Sea is a large series of coral reefs located off the northeast coast of Australia. This area is three times larger than Australia’s famous Great Barrier Reef, which the Coral Sea borders.
The Coral Sea is one of the few coral reef environments that have remained largely undamaged by overfishing, oil and gas exploration and pollution. However, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing five times faster than rainforests. It is very likely that in the near future the Coral Sea will face the same threats to its existence.
The Australian government is currently looking at options for protecting the Coral Sea but has made no decisions. Environmentalists are pushing for laws to declare the Coral Sea area a marine protected area. This would mean a large “no-take zone” for fishermen, a no-exploration zone for gas and oil companies and a no-dump zone for pollution. This would make the Coral Sea a marine park larger than any in the world.
We can write letters to Australian leaders, Australian environmental protection agencies, and Australian friends, to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the Coral Sea. To lose this last great marine wildness would be a loss for the whole world.
For more information, click here please.
32．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To teach people how to protect the Coral Sea.
B．To call for the public awareness to protect the Coral Sea.
C．To show the amazing features of the Coral Sea.
D．To explain the function of the Coral Sea.
33．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?
A．The reason for protecting the Coral Sea.
B．The way to protect the Coral Sea.
C．The location of the Coral Sea.
D．The money-raising for saving the Coral Sea.
34．Where can you most probably read this passage?
A．In a guidebook. B．On a website.
C．In a science textbook. D．On a TV show.
35．What is the best title for the text?
A．Protect the Coral Sea.
B．Protect the endangered species.
C．The Coral Sea disappears soon.
D．The Coral Sea turns a marine park.
【答案】32．B33．D34．B35．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章 介绍了位于澳大利亚东北海岸的珊瑚海, 面临着即将消失的威胁。澳大利亚政府正在寻找方案, 希望能保护这伟大的野生海洋世界。
32．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容(我们可以写信给澳大利亚领导人、澳大利亚环境保护机构和澳大利亚朋友，让他们知道世界各地的人们支持珊瑚海的保护。失去这最后的海洋自然环境将是整个世界的损失。)可知, 该文旨在呼吁公众提高保护珊瑚海的意识。故选B项。
33．细节理解题。第三段讲到保护珊瑚海的原因、第四段讲到保护珊瑚的方案，第二段讲到珊瑚海的位置，文中均有提及, 但没有提到为拯救珊瑚海筹集资金。故选D项。
34．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “For more information, click here please” 可知, 要获得更多的信息, 请点击这里。可知可在网上读到文章。故选B项。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Coral Sea is home to an amazing variety of turtles, sharks, whales, dolphins, large fish, birds, corals, plants, and many other species.(珊瑚海是海龟、鲨鱼、鲸鱼、海豚、大鱼、鸟类、珊瑚、植物和许多其他物种的家园)及第三段的最后两句 “ However, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing... It is very likely that in the near future the Coral Sea will face the same threats to its existence.”(然而，统计数据表明，世界各地的珊瑚礁正在消失……很可能在不久的将来，珊瑚海将面临同样的生存威胁) 可知, 拥有许多物种的珊瑚海正在消失, 因此它需要保护，结合倒数第二段内容，呼吁读者保护珊瑚。故A项“保护珊瑚海”为最佳标题。故选A项。
阅读理解【2021届江西省景德镇一中高三8月月考】
While it's the books that make a library, being in lovely surroundings may provide inspiration and help you to work a little bit harder. Here are some of the coolest libraries of the world.
The Library of Birmingham - Birmingham, U. K.
The new Library of Birmingham is said to be not only Britain's biggest public library, but also the largest in Europe. Designed by Dutch architects, this replacement for the Birmingham Central Library was opened in 2013 and has a wealth of resources within its walls, including adult and kids' libraries, music collections, a Shakespeare Memorial Room, and even a gym. Gardens crown the roof, while the changing seasons bring variations in the shadows and reflections inside.
The National Library of France Paris, France
The National Library of France, which now contains an astonishing collection of 30 million, dates back to the14th century and this royal library was set up at the Louvre Palace by King Charles V. The library was moved to Rue de Richelieu in 1868, with major design work carried out by French architects Henri Labrouste and, following his death Jean Louis Pascal. Here, the reading rooms are elegance themselves. There are more than just books to be found.
The State Library of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
The public State Library of New South Wales holds the honor of being the oldest institution of its kind in Australia. It was originally set up as the Australian Subscription Library in 1826，but it wasn't until 1942 that its permanent home was ready. Designed by Sydney architect Walter Liberty Vernon and completed in 1910, the magnificent sand-stone Mitchell Wing is one of the architectural highlights.
Seattle Central Library---Seattle, Washington, USA
Seattle Central Library's distinctive design ensures it stands out. Architect Rem Koolhaas is one of the names attached to its design. Architects sought to envelop the 11-storybuilding with “a layer of transparency”, using a skin of glass and metal. The public library houses about 1.45million books and other things, as well as more than 400 computers available for public use. The building, which opened in 2004, was included on the American Institute of Architects' list of Americans' 150 favorite structures in 2007.
1．Which of the following libraries has the longest history?
A．Seattle Central Library. B．The Library of Birmingham.
C．The National Library of France. D．The State Library of New South Wales.
2．What can you do in the Library of Birmingham?
A．Take some exercise. B．Act in a play.
C．Attend a concert. D．Enjoy new technology.
3．What do the National Library of France and Seattle Central Library have in common?
A．They have computers available. B．They were moved to a new place.
C．They won awards for architecture. D．They were designed by more than one person.
【答案】1．C2．A3．D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个世界上最酷的图书馆。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中Designed by Dutch architects, this replacement for the Birmingham Central Library was opened in 2013 and has a wealth of resources within its walls, including adult and kids' libraries, music collections, a Shakespeare Memorial Room, and even a gym. (这座由荷兰建筑师设计的图书馆于2013年启用，是伯明翰中央图书馆的替代品，其内部有丰富的资源，包括成人和儿童图书馆、音乐收藏、一个莎士比亚纪念室，甚至还有一个健身房)；第三段中The National Library of France, which now contains an astonishing collection of 30 million, dates back to the14th century and this royal library was set up at the Louvre Palace by King Charles V.(法国国家图书馆建于14世纪，藏书3000万册，数量惊人。这座皇家图书馆是查理五世在卢浮宫建立的)；第四段中It was originally set up as the Australian Subscription Library in 1826，but it wasn't until 1942 that its permanent home was ready.(它最初是在1826年作为澳大利亚订阅图书馆建立的，但直到1942年才准备好它的永久住所)；以及最后一段中The building, which opened in 2004, was included on the American Institute of Architects' list of Americans' 150 favorite structures in 2007.(该建筑于2004年开放，2007年被美国建筑师协会列入美国人最喜欢的150个建筑)由此可知，法国国家图书馆历史最长。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中Designed by Dutch architects, this replacement for the Birmingham Central Library was opened in 2013 and has a wealth of resources within its walls, including adult and kids' libraries, music collections, a Shakespeare Memorial Room, and even a gym.可知这座由荷兰建筑师设计的图书馆于2013年启用，是伯明翰中央图书馆的替代品，其内部有丰富的资源，包括成人和儿童图书馆、音乐收藏、一个莎士比亚纪念室，甚至还有一个健身房。由此可知，你可以在伯明翰图书馆做些运动。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中The library was moved to Rue de Richelieu in 1868, with major design work carried out by French architects Henri Labrouste and, following his death Jean Louis Pascal.(1868年，这座图书馆搬到了黎塞留街，主要的设计工作由法国建筑师Henri Labrouste以及在他去世之后由Jean Louis Pascal完成)以及最后一段中Architect Rem Koolhaas is one of the names attached to its design.(建筑师Rem Koolhaas是其设计的名字之一)可知由此可知，法国国家图书馆和西雅图中央图书馆的共同之处在于它们是由不止一个人设计的。故选D。
I decided to ski to the North pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole. Back in 1996, there had never been woman from the UK who had accomplished this challenge, I wondered what it would be like to survive in temperatures cold enough to freeze your flesh in seconds, so I sent off for the application form.
The application form full of pictures of male explorers arrived. The words “Are you man enough for the ultimate challenge?” made me angry and even more deter-mined to get on the team.
Over 500 individuals applied for a place in the team, and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to pick the best group. In one test, there was a huge rope ladder we had to climb, and I froze at the top because I have a fear of heights. I thought my hopes were fading as most other applicants sailed past, leaving me behind. But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.
I had revealed (显示) my weakness, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, as there is nowhere to hide. These personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary for women to master.
I realized that by being myself, I could succeed. I was selected for the team. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imagined. More importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities.
4．How did the author react on seeing the advertisement?
A．She got cross. B．She was uninterested.
C．She got frightened. D．She was determined.
5．What did the organizers view as the most important in the selection of new hands?
A．Spirit of teamwork. B．Personal quality.
C．Individual ability. D．Courage to challenge.
6．What does the author think of women's showing weakness?
A．Shameful. B．Beneficial. C．Merciful. D．Disturbing.
7．What's the intention of the author in writing this passage?
A．To inspire us to prepare for our future goal. B．To advise women how to turn to others.
C．To encourage people to explore the unknown. D．To make suggestions to her team members.
【答案】4．D5．A6．B7．C
【解析】本文为记叙文。记叙了一位英国第一个到达北极的女性，通过对行程的描述，展现了本人的坚定信念和团队的合作精神，她用自己的经历激励人们探索未知。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中I decided to ski to the North pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole.可知我决定滑雪去北极。那是在我在报纸上看到一则招聘广告，希望有人能加入一个团队，滑雪350英里去北极之后。由此可知，作者在读到广告之后，下决心去申请参加这项挑战。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.可知但是另外两个帮助了我，后来我发现组织者寻找的不是优秀的个人，而是优秀的团队成员，这个时刻向他们展示了谁会在团队中照顾其他人。由此可推知，在挑选新人时，组织者认为最重要的是团队精神。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段I had revealed (显示) my weakness, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, as there is nowhere to hide. These personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary for women to master.可知我暴露了自己的弱点，在像北极这样的地方，你必须做你自己，因为你无处可躲。这些寻求帮助和表现软弱的个性是女性必须掌握的。由此可推知，作者认为女士示弱是有好处的。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段I realized that by being myself, I could succeed. I was selected for the team. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imagined. More importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities.可知我意识到做我自己，我就能成功。我被选入该队。我意识到我可以取得比我想象的更多的成就。更重要的是，通过和别人分享我的故事，我可以激励他们走向新世界，展示更多的能力。结合文章记叙了一位英国第一个到达北极的女性，通过对行程的描述，展现了本人的坚定信念和团队的合作精神，她用自己的经历激励人们探索未知。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们探索未知。故选C。
When our ancestors were peasants in the earliest days of agriculture, the daily schedule was: work in field all day, eat midday meal in field, continue working in field. Today, after centuries of human advancement, it goes something like: work in coffee shop all day, buy and eat lunch there, continue toiling away on laptop until the sun sets. Though it may seem like the tech boom and gig economy(临时工经济) led the way in this modern mobile work style, working and dining have always been intertwined. In major cities like New York, Washington D．C．, Sydney and Hong Kong, restaurants are changing into official co-working spaces during off-peak hours.
Dr. Megan Elias, director of the gastronomy program at Boston University, says food and business have been linked since as far back as the ancient Sumer (who established civilization as we know it around 4000 B．C．) “What we think of as street food has always been part of human civilization,” she says. “There have always been marketplaces where humans came together to conduct some kind of business — like trading grain, trading animals or building houses. As long as there have been marketplaces, people have been eating at them while also doing business.”
The first example of a brick-and-mortar “restaurant” came during the merchant economy in the 15th and 16th centuries, according to Elias. During this stage in European, African, and East and South Asian history, inns allowed merchant businessmen to rest — and of course, eat — throughout their travels. During the colonial era of the 1600s and 1700s, concrete examples of American restaurants emerged as “Coffee Houses”. Coffee Houses were places that had newspapers, which at the time were very small and commercial," author and social historian Jan Whitaker explains.
Coffee houses remained tradesman staples throughout the early 19th century, with simple menu items like rolls and meat pies. More “grand meals,” as Elias calls them, were still taking place within homes for non-traveling folk. But, when the U.S. began industrializing in the 1840s and people stayed near workplaces during the day, eating establishments popped up around factories.
“Industrialization of the city is also restaurantization of the city,” Elias says. “Places sprung up to serve a business lunch crowd and an after-work dining crowd again, still doing business.”
8．How does the author mentioned our ancestors in paragraph1?
A．To make comparisons B．To present figures.
C．To raise questions D．To give examples
9．When did restaurants begin to provide not only eating but sheltering?
A．around 4000 B．C． B．in the 15th and 16th centuries.
C．During the 1600s and 1700s. D．In the early 19th century.
10．What can we learn about Coffee houses?
A．Newspapers were produced there first.
B．The food served there was limited at first.
C．They were especially popular around factories.
D．It was a perfect place for entertainment and eating.
11．What can be best title of the text?
A．the function of eating out. B．The slow formation of the modern city.
C．the evolution of the restaurant. D．The age of more work, less eating.
【答案】8．A9．B10．B11．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了讲述了餐馆的演变历史。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中When our ancestors were peasants in the earliest days of agriculture, the daily schedule was: work in field all day, eat midday meal in field, continue working in field. Today, after centuries of human advancement, it goes something like: work in coffee shop all day, buy and eat lunch there, continue toiling away on laptop until the sun sets. 在农业发展初期，我们的祖先还是农民的时候，每天的日程是：整天在田间劳作，中午在田间吃饭，继续在田间劳作。今天，经过几个世纪的人类进步，它是这样的：整天在咖啡馆工作，在那里买和吃午饭，继续用笔记本电脑工作，直到太阳下山。可知，作者是通过比较农业发展初期和今天的工作方式来提到我们的祖先的。故选A项
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中The first example of a brick-and-mortar “restaurant” came during the merchant economy in the 15th and 16th centuries, according to Elias. During this stage in European, African, and East and South Asian history, inns allowed merchant businessmen to rest — and of course, eat — throughout their travels. 据Elias说，第一个实体“餐馆”出现在15和16世纪的商业经济时期。在欧洲、非洲、东亚和南亚历史的这一阶段，客栈允许商人在旅途中休息——当然，也可以吃饭。可知，餐馆是在15和16世纪开始不仅提供吃饭，而且提供住宿。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中Coffee houses remained tradesman staples throughout the early 19th century, with simple menu items like rolls and meat pies. More “grand meals,” as Elias calls them, were still taking place within homes for non-traveling folk. 在整个19世纪早期，咖啡馆一直是商家的主食，菜单上的菜品很简单，比如面包卷和肉饼。更多的“大餐”，正如Elias所说，仍在家里为不旅行的人准备。可知，咖啡馆起初供应的食物有限。故选B项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段中In major cities like New York, Washington D.C., Sydney and Hong Kong, restaurants are changing into official co-working spaces during off-peak hours. 在纽约、华盛顿特区、悉尼和香港等大城市，餐馆在非高峰时间变成了正式的联合办公区。第三段中The first example of a brick-and-mortar “restaurant” came during the merchant economy in the 15th and 16th centuries, according to Elias. 据Elias说，第一个实体“餐馆”出现在15和16世纪的商业经济时期。以及通读全文，可知本文主要讲述了餐馆的演变历史，因此本文的最佳标题选项C“餐馆的演变”符合题意。故选C项。
The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting from July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types of trash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to explain the new rules.
The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau, provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds of waste: recyclable waste, harmful waste, household food waste and residual (剩余的) waste.
Harmful waste, as the name suggests, includes various poisonous materials like used batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides.
Household food waste — which is translated to “wet trash” in Chinese — refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.
Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.
The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed above belongs to this category.
As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memorize them all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own way to sort trash.
“We should do this from a pig’s angle,” commented one netizen. “Those edible (可食用的) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don’t want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be harmful waste. Those that can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste.”
The new regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB 200.
12．What do the old coats that you want to throw away belong to?
A．Harmful waste. B．Wet trash.
C．Recyclable waste. D．Residual waste.
13．What is the common point of “wet trash”？
A．They can be broken down easily. B．They all come from plants.
C．They all have bad smells. D．They all have poisonous materials.
14．What is the tone of the netizen like?
A．Serious. B．Humorous.
C．Delightful. D．Uncertain.
15．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The four sorts of garbage are forbidden in Shanghai.
B．Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.
C．People are still confused about garbage sorting.
D．The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting policy.
【答案】12．C13．A14．B15．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海的垃圾分类指南以及相关规定出台后，人们对此作出的反应。
12．细节理解题。根据第五段Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.可知纸、塑料、玻璃、金属和纺织品都是可回收的废物。纺织品属于可回收垃圾，而旧衣服属于纺织品，故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段Household food waste — which is translated to “wet trash” in Chinese — refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.可知，家庭食物垃圾——在中文里被翻译成“湿垃圾”——指的是剩饭剩菜、腐烂的食物、宠物食品、果皮、中草药和鲜花的残留物。由此可知，“湿垃圾”的共同点是它们很容易分解。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“We should do this from a pig’s angle,” commented one netizen.可知，一位网友评论道：“我们应该从猪的角度来做这件事。”由此可推知，该网民说从猪的角度来看，可见该网民是以一种幽默的语气来表达自己的观点的。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段中The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting from July 1.可知，新的垃圾分类规定已于7月1日起在上海生效。后文又介绍了上海的垃圾分类规定的出台及具体内容，如可回收垃圾、厨余垃圾、有害垃圾等的具体内容，以及人们对此的反应。故选B。
阅读理解【湖南省汨罗2021届高三入学考试】
Upcoming Events of New York Chinese Cultural Center
Fan Dance
Sunday, September8, 2:00pm-3:00 pm, $15 per child
New-York Historical Society Museum & Library
Learn Chinese fan dancing with an instructor from NYCCC! This program is a part of an exhibition which examines the history of trade and immigration between China and the United States.
Dragon Boat Festival
Friday, September13,2:00pm -2:30pm
Fresh Meadows Park
Come and celebrate with us in the thousand-year-old tradition of Dragon Boat racing! Be part of the audience and enjoy the excitement of this celebration. FREE ADMISSION! Click here for more information. Dragon Boat Festival will be held in Fresh Meadows Park.
Dance to China
Sunday, September15, 2 pm
Spruce Street School Auditorium, 12 Spruce St, New York, NY 10038
Join us in celebrating 43 years of preserving and continuing Chinese traditional dance. Students from NYCCC School of the Arts will be performing traditional Chinese dance, martial arts, and Beijing opera . Cost is $15 for adults, $12 for teenagers and senior citizens, $10 for children under 12.
NYCCC School of the Arts Open House
Saturday, September21, from 1:00pm -3:00 pm, $12 per child
PS 124, Yung Wing School, 40 Division Street, New York, NY 10002
Join us and see Chinese dance, kung fu, and acrobatic (杂技的)performances performed by our current students. Come and see our students’ beautiful artwork on display and make some artwork yourselves during our hour of arts and crafts and face painting from 1-2 pm. The show will be from 2-3pm.
1．Where can you learn about China-US trade and immigration history?
A．In New-York Historical Society Museum & Library.
B．In PS 124, Yung Wing School.
C．In Spruce Street School Auditorium.
D．In Fresh Meadows Park.
2．How much should a family of 4 (aged 75, 38, 36, 5) pay to participate in Dance to China?
A．$48. B．$ 52.
C．$55. D．$ 57.
3．What does NYCCC aim at?
A．Training dancing instructors. B．Producing beautiful artwork.
C．Promoting Chinese folk arts. D．Examining trade and immigration.
【答案】1．A2．B3．C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了纽约中国文化中心即将举办的一些活动。
1．细节理解题。根据Fan Dance部分中的“This program is a part of an exhibition which examines the history of trade and immigration between China and the United States”可知，通过参加该项目，可以了解中美之间的贸易和移民史。故A选项切题。
2．细节理解题。根据“Dance to China”部分中的“Cost is $15 for adults, $12 for teenagers and senior citizens, $10 for children under 12.”可知，成人15美元，青少年和老年人12美元，12岁以下儿童10美元。故题干中提到的一家人（aged 75, 38, 36, 5）应付：15*2+12+10=52美元。故B选项正确。
3．推理判断题。根据NYCCC School of the Arts Open House部分中的“Join us and see Chinese dance, kung fu, and acrobatic (杂技的)performances performed by our current students.”可知，在NYCCC可以观看中国舞蹈，功夫，杂技表演等。这些都属于中国民间艺术。由此可以推知NYCCC的目的是推广中国民间艺术。故C选项正确。
“Beauty isn't about having a pretty face,” begins a motivational quote. “It's about having a pretty mind, a pretty heart, and a pretty soul. Oh, and pretty nails!”
That may be Angela Peters' motto. Last July, Peters, rolled her wheelchair into a nail salon (沙龙) at the Walmart shopping center in Burton to have her nails done. But Peters, who has cerebral palsy (脑瘫), was turned away. The salon told her that they were afraid it would be too difficult to properly paint her nails given that her hands kept shaking. What was meant to be a day of beauty for Peters was now a disappointment.
A Walmart cashier about to go on her break happened to see this. Ebony Harris recognized Peters as a Walmart regular. “She's just like everyone else. She wants to look pretty. So why can't she?” Harris said.
Harris approached Peters. “Do you want me to do your nails?” she asked.
A smile spread across Peters' face. “Yeah!” Harris led Peters into the supermarket, where they shopped for nail polish. They settled on a color that would catch every eye. They then made their way into a neighboring Subway, found a table for two, and started. Harris gently took Peters' hand into hers and carefully began painting her nails. “She moved her hands a little bit, and she kept saying she was sorry,” Harris said. “I told her, ‘Don't say that. You're fine.’ She makes me look at life and appreciate it much more than I have.”
Watching it all with surprise and admiration was Subway employee Tasia Smith. Smith was so taken by the scene that she wrote about it on Facebook. “She was so patient with her,” she wrote. “Thanks to the Walmart worker for making this beautiful girl's day!”
4．Why does the author mention the quote in the first paragraph?
A．To compare different views. B．To introduce the topic of the passage.
C．To show the importance of beauty. D．To share his opinion about beauty.
5．The nail salon refused Peters' request because .
A．she had to use a wheelchair B．they were too busy to serve her
C．she couldn't keep her hands still D．they hadn't the color she wanted
6．Which of the following words can best describe Harris?
A．Brave and generous. B．Careful and fair-minded.
C．Honest and considerate. D．Patient and warm-hearted.
7．What can be inferred about Tasia Smith from the last paragraph?
A．She thought highly of Harris' behavior.
B．She wrote a thank-you letter to Walmart.
C．She regretted not lending Peters a helping hand.
D．She misunderstood Harris' relationship with Peters.
【答案】4．B5．C6．D7．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述患有脑瘫的Peters，想要到沃尔玛购物中心的一家美甲沙龙里去做指甲，却被拒之门外。因为疾病的原因，她不能让手静止，当时沃尔玛正要休息的职员Harris看见了这一幕，热心地帮助她做了美甲，让她度过了美好的一天。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Beauty isn't about having a pretty face,” begins a motivational quote. “It's about having a pretty mind, a pretty heart, and a pretty soul. Oh, and pretty nails!”可知一段励志名言开头是这样说的：“美丽并不意味着有一张漂亮的脸，还意味着漂亮的心灵和灵魂，哦，还有漂亮的指甲！”接着后文讲述了患有脑瘫的Peters，想要到沃尔玛购物中心的一家美甲沙龙里去做指甲，却被拒之门外。因为疾病的原因，她不能让手静止，当时沃尔玛正要休息的职员Harris看见了这一幕，热心地帮助她做美甲这个故事。由此可推知，作者在文章首段引用那句关于美的名言是为了引出文章的主题。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中The salon told her that they were afraid it would be too difficult to properly paint her nails given that her hands kept shaking. What was meant to be a day of beauty for Peters was now a disappointment.可知美容院告诉她，由于她的手一直在抖，他们担心很难给她好好地涂指甲。对Peters来说，这本来是一个美丽的日子，现在却令人失望。由此可知，这家美甲店拒绝了Peters的美甲请求是因为Peters的手一直抖个不停。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中Ebony Harris recognized Peters as a Walmart regular. “She's just like everyone else. She wants to look pretty. So why can't she?” Harris said.( Ebony Harris承认Peters是沃尔玛的常客。“她和其他人没什么两样。她想看起来漂亮。为什么她不能做美甲呢？”Harris说)以及最后一段中“She was so patient with her,” she wrote. “Thanks to the Walmart worker for making this beautiful girl's day!”(“她对她很有耐心，”她写道。“感谢沃尔玛的工作人员让这个美丽的女生节变得如此美好!”)由此可推知，Harris帮助了被美甲店拒绝的Peters，答应给她美甲，而且非常有耐心。Harris有一副热心肠且非常有耐心。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She was so patient with her,” she wrote. “Thanks to the Walmart worker for making this beautiful girl's day!”可知“她对她很有耐心，”她写道。“感谢沃尔玛的工作人员让这个美丽的女孩度过了美好的一天!”由此可推知，Tasia Smith高度赞扬了Harris的行为。故选A。
Most of the new diseases we humans have faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to humans.
“As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment, humans and wildlife and animals will come in contact more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent. “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said.
Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists (流行病学家) on Fair’s team at Los Alamos, are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. It’s early days for this kind of research, but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak. Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rain forests and into orchards (果园) in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s.
“We’re going by the past data to really predict what’s going to happen in the future,” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward.”
Jeffrey Shaman, head of the climate and health program at Columbia University’s public health school, argues we don’t yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally. For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year. As their habitats expand in some parts of the world, they might contract diseases elsewhere. Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it will make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up.
8．How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair?
A．By breaking animals’habits. B．By increasing animals’varieties.
C．By promoting animals’breeding. D．By changing animals’living environment.
9．What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3?
A．Explaining the influence of Nipah virus.
B．Proving the harm of bats to human beings.
C．Showing the effects of climate change on disease.
D．Presenting scientists’early study about the cause of disease.
10．What can we infer from Fair’s words in paragraph 4?
A．Humans should give up studying animals.
B．Frequent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks.
C．Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out.
D．Past data can solve the problems in the future.
11．What could be the best title for the text?
A．Climate Change and Disease Spillover
B．Animals’Interaction with Humans
C．Early Studies about Extreme Weather
D．Scientists’Prediction for Disease Outbreaks
【答案】8．D9．C10．B11．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，聚焦气候变化对疾病传播的影响。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent.‘ Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,’”可以得知Fair认为通过改变动物的栖息地，气候变化将使疾病蔓延的机会更加频繁，随着气候变化带来的环境变化，一切都在某种程度上发生变化，并将向未来转变。也就是说气候变化通过改变动物的生活环境（即栖息地）来影响疾病的传播。故选D项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak.”可知之前的研究表明极端天气已经在至少一次疫情爆发中发挥了作用。根据第三段中的“Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rain forests and into orchards in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s.”可知作者举了一个蝙蝠的例子：干旱和森林砍伐两者的结合迫使蝙蝠离开雨林，进入马来西亚的果园寻找食物。这些蝙蝠是一种常见的疾病宿主，然后在20世纪90年代末首次通过猪将尼帕病毒传播给人类。由此推知这个蝙蝠的例子是为了说明气候变化对疾病的影响。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot.”可知Fair说任何时候只要野生动物与人类的接触变多，就会成为某种新的疾病热点。由此推断与野生动物过多的接触会引起疾病暴发，故选B项。
11．主旨大意题。本文的主旨句在第一段"he more we come into contact with wild
animals, the more we risk a so-called disease“spillover”from animals to human”，即我们与野生动物接触越多，就越有可能面临染上从动物“溢出”的疾病。接着下文用研究数据以及蝙蝠和蚊子为例来说明气候变化导致环境变化，迫使有些动物离开生存的环境，最终把疾病传染给人类。由此可知，天气的变化与疾病的关系。A项（气候变化和疾病蔓延）最能概括本文， B选项范围太大，C、D选项太片面。故选A项。
The royal family is filled with rules, and one in particular might explain why Princess Charlotte is a princess, but her kids likely won't be.
When it comes to the British royal family, one thing is almost always true: they have a pretty confusing set of official rules and protocols. For instance, the royal family doesn't have a last name. And don't forget the fact that Queen Elizabeth celebrates two birthdays every year.
If your head isn't swimming yet, consider the tradition of royal titles. As a British custom, only the daughter of a prince or a prince's wife may be considered a formal “princess”. The latter applies to Kate, who is both a princess and the Duchess of Cambridge thanks to her marriage to Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge. And their children, Prince George and Princess Charlotte, also bear official royal titles because their father is Prince William.
However, while Prince George's future children will also carry their father's royal status, any children that Princess Charlotte has will not automatically be considered princes or princesses. Why? Royal custom dictates that royal titles are passed down via sons, but not daughters.
However, while Prince George's future children will also carry their father's royal status, any children that Princess Charlotte has will not automatically be considered princes or princesses. Why? Royal custom dictates that royal titles are passed down via sons, but not daughters.
"Royal titles are inherited through sons, so if Princess Charlotte has children they would not automatically inherit the titles (his or her royal highness) HRH, Prince, or Princess,” Lucy Hume, associate director of etiquette experts Debrett's, told Town& Country.
Of course, exceptions can (and will!) be made. (Learn about every time the British royal family broke their own protocol.) The Queen has offered HRH status to other royal offspring in the past, including the children of Queen Elizabeth's daughter, Anne. Although Princess Anne and her husband, Captain Phillips, declined, perhaps Princess Charlotte will be extended the same offer when her own children are born.
12．What's the meaning of the underlined word "protocol" in the second paragraph?
A．Promise. B．Behavior. C．Manners. D．Connection.
13．What kind of child is regarded as "princess"?
A．The son of a princess. B．The daughter of a prince.
C．The daughter of a princess. D．The wife of a king.
14．Who is Charlotte's father?
A．Prince George. B．Elizabeth. C．Prince William. D．Captain Philips.
15．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A．Any person can break traditional rules.
B．Not every person must obey traditional rules.
C．Any British royal family member has their own title.
D．Maybe the British royal family will break their own rules.
【答案】12．C13．B14．C15．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国王室头衔传承的规则。按照英国的习俗，只有王子的女儿或王子的妻子才可以被视为正式的公主。公主拥有的任何子女都不会自动被视为王子或公主。因为皇室习俗规定皇室头衔是由儿子传下来的而不是女儿。
12．词义猜测题。划线词和之前的rules是并列的，因此在词义上与rules（规则）接近，根据第二段中的“For instance, the royal family doesn’t have a last name. And don’t forget the fact that Queen Elizabeth celebrates two birthdays every year.”可知，王室成员没有姓氏。伊丽莎白女王每年庆祝两个生日，这是一种“规矩”。该句是在解释rules和protocols，因此下划线词语的意思是“规矩”。A. Promise. 承诺；B. Behavior. 行为；C. Manners. 规矩，风俗；D. Connection.联系。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a British custom, only the daughter of a prince or a prince’s wife may be considered a formal "princess".”可知，按照英国的习俗，只有王子的女儿或王子的妻子才可以被视为正式的公主。因此选项中只有“王子的女儿”才被认为是公主。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Prince George and Princess Charlotte, also bear official royal titles because their father is Prince William.”可知，乔治王子和夏洛特公主也有官方的王室头衔，因为他们的父亲是威廉王子。因此夏洛特的父亲是威廉王子。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Of course, exceptions can (and will!) be made. The Queen has offered HRH status to other royal offspring in the past, including the children of Queen Elizabeth's daughter, Anne. Although Princess Anne and her husband, Captain Phillips, declined, perhaps Princess Charlotte will be extended the same offer when her own children are born.”可知，当然，可能会有例外。女王过去曾向其他王室后代，包括伊丽莎白女王女儿安妮的子女提供过HRH身份（注：HRH身份指的是皇室身份中的王子或公主），但是安妮公主和她的丈夫菲利普斯上尉拒绝了。也许夏洛特公主在自己的孩子出生后也会得到同样的待遇。因此最后一段主要告诉我们的是：也许英国王室会打破自己的规矩让公主的孩子也可以享有正式的王室头衔。故选D。
阅读理解【2021届四川省成都附属实验中学高三上学期入学考试】
Foods to Eat to Burn More Calories
WATERMELON
Watermelon is brimming with B vitamins which boost your energy levels and curb your need to munch on an extra snack. A cup of diced watermelon contains 46 calories and virtually no fat. Watermelon is a rich source of potassium, dietary fiber, protein, vitamin A, magnesium, vitamin C, and iron.
Watermelon is one of powerful foods to eat to burn more calories. Watermelon is also high in lycopene, the antioxidant that lower your risk of macular degeneration, heart disease, and cancer. With 90 percent water, watermelon is filling you up but are not filling you out. Enjoy fresh watermelon juice, smoothie, or use it any summer fruit salad you like.
GRAPEFRUIT
Grapefruits speed up your metabolism and help burn a lot of calories. This fruit will help feel full faster and longer. According to the U. S. Department of Agriculture National Nutrient Database, one half of a grapefruit contains around 53 calories. Moreover, grapefruit is rich in fiber that may help stabilize your blood glucose levels. You can add grapefruit to your fruit salad, smoothies or drink a grapefruit juice.
CELERY
The secret of celery is very simple： it contains less calories and helps burn more than you eat. Celery mostly consists of water and that's why it is good as a part of a balanced diet
However, this food is not suitable for celery diet only as your body won't get the necessary minerals and nutrients. So the best decision will be to combine it with some other foods.
WHOLE GRAINS
Studies show that whole grains are healthier than refined grains and that they lower the risk of getting a chronic disease. This type of grains is also a good part of a diet as it takes more time to digest and you won't get hungry for a longer period of time. Whole grains are rich in various vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates but low in fat.
GREEN TEA
Rich in antioxidants green tea boosts your metabolism and helps lose weight, which is just fantastic for ladies, isn't it? Simply enjoy a cup of hot fragrant green tea and do a great favor to your body.
1．To balance blood glucose levels, you'd better take in regularly.
A．green tea B．whole grains
C．watermelon D．grapefruit
2．From the passage we can know that _______.
A．grapefruit contains more calories than watermelon.
B．whole grains are healthier because they contain more water and various minerals.
C．both grapefruit and green tea can help speed up metabolism for those who are eager to lose weight.
D．having celery diet before a cup of green tea can help get enough nutrients to lose weight.
3．Which column can we read this passage in the newspaper?
A．Book Review B．Health
C．Entertainment D．Learning Kit
【答案】1．D2．C3．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五种可以燃烧更多卡路里的食物，说明了这些食物特性和对人体的好处。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中Moreover, grapefruit is rich in fiber that may help stabilize your blood glucose levels.可知此外，葡萄柚富含纤维，可以帮助稳定血糖水平。由此可知，为了平衡血糖水平，你最好经常吃柚子。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中Grapefruits speed up your metabolism and help burn a lot of calories.可知葡萄柚能加速你的新陈代谢，帮助燃烧大量的卡路里。以及最后一段中Rich in antioxidants green tea boosts your metabolism and helps lose weight, which is just fantastic for ladies, isn't it?可知绿茶富含抗氧化剂，可以促进新陈代谢，帮助减肥，这对女性来说非常棒，不是吗？由此可知，葡萄柚和绿茶都可以帮助那些渴望减肥的人加速新陈代谢。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍了五种可以燃烧更多卡路里的食物，说明了这些食物特性和对人体的好处。由此可推知，我们可以在报纸的“健康”栏目读到这篇文章。故选B。
Recently, a group of scientists decided to find out what the funniest joke in the world was. This was obviously a difficult task, as no two people really agree about what is funny and what is not—especially when they are from different countries.
Here is the joke which the experts decided was the funniest joke in the world：
Two hunters were out in the woods. One of them fell to the ground. He didn’t seem to be breathing; his eyes were closed. The other hunter took out his mobile phone and called the emergency services.
“My friend is dead!” he cried to the operator. “What can I do？”The operator said，“Don’t worry. First, make sure he’s dead.” There was a silence, and then a shot was heard. Bang! The hunter’s voice came back on the line. He said, “OK, now what?”
This is perhaps amusing. Culturally, it depends on us knowing that often hunters are not considered to be very intelligent people, and that often they are quite violent. But perhaps this is not so all over the world. It’s also quite a “black” joke—a joke about something which isn’t really a funny subject. The experts also found the second funniest joke in the world. Here it is：
Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson went on a camping trip. After dinner, they went to sleep. Some hours later, Holmes woke up. “Watson, look up at the sky and tell me what you see.” “I see millions of stars, Holmes,” replied Watson.
“And what do you infer from that? ”
“Well, there are billions of stars ... we are a small part of the universe ...”
“Watson, you idiot!” he said. “Someone has stolen our tent!” I personally think this is better.
Can scientists in the end decide what is funny? Some things are much too complicated, even for scientists.
4．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．Few jokes can make scientists laugh.
B．Only scientists can find out the funniest joke.
C．There are different jokes in different countries.
D．People hold different opinions about what is funny.
5．What does the author think of the first joke?
A．It is not so funny as the experts thought.
B．It is really the funniest joke he has ever heard.
C．It can greatly affect readers’ attitudes toward hunters.
D．It shows that not all hunters are brave and intelligent.
6．We can learn that a person’s understanding of a joke can be affected by ________.
A．the reader’s feeling B．the length of the joke
C．the reader’s cultural background D．the language that the teller uses
7．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A．Uninteresting jokes B．Different kinds of jokes
C．The funniest jokes in the world D．Tips on how to make others laugh
【答案】4．D5．A6．C7．C
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一些科学家试图找到世界上最好笑的笑话，但实际上由于人们判断笑话好笑的标准不一样，找出最好笑的笑话是很难做到的。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段第二句This was obviously a difficult task, as no two people really agree about what is funny and what is not—especially when they are from different countries.“这显然是一项艰巨的任务，因为没有两个人能够就什么好笑什么不好笑达成一致——尤其是当他们来自不同的国家时。”可知，人们对笑话是否好笑持有不同的观点。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段中的This is perhaps amusing. Culturally, it depends on us knowing that often hunters are not considered to be very intelligent people, and that often they are quite violent. But perhaps this is not so all over the world. It’s also quite a “black” joke—a joke about something which isn’t really a funny subject.“这也许很有趣。从文化上来说，这取决于我们知道猎人通常被认为不是很聪明的人，而且他们通常很暴力。但也许并非全世界都是如此。这也是一个相当“黑色”的笑话——关于一些并不有趣的话题的笑话。”可知，作者认为第一个笑话不如专家认为的那样好笑，它充其量只是个“黑色幽默”。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段中的Culturally, it depends on us knowing that often hunters are not considered to be very intelligent people, and that often they are quite violent.“从文化上来说，这取决于我们知道猎人通常被认为不是很聪明的人，而且他们通常很暴力。”可知，一个人对某个笑话的理解受其文化背景的影响。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是科学家试图找出世界上最好笑的笑话，但是不同的人持有不同的观点。所以C项The funniest jokes in the world“世界上最有趣的笑话”为最佳标题。故选C。
My family and I never talked about school as the ticket to a future. I was in the classrooms, but I wasn’t there to learn to write, read or even speak. When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide. I was 13 years old, but I already hated being who I was.
I had an English teacher, Mr. Creech, who knew I couldn’t read. In one of my first lessons the teacher said that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up. I felt so embarrassed. But at the same time, it made me realize that I needed to change the situation. I was determined it wouldn’t happen again. Later that day, Mr. Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read. From then on, I never gave up practicing reading.
Now I was 41 years old. One day, I planned to fly back to Texas to visit my friends and family. On my way from the airport, I saw Mr. Creech buying himself a drink. I rushed over and reached into my pocket to pay for him. “Do I know you?” he asked. “Yes, sir, you do know me,” I answered excitedly. “My name is Anthony Hamilton. You taught me English.” The look on his face told me that he remembered the boy he’d once encouraged.
“I’m so glad I had a chance to see you,” I said. “And Mr. Creech, I have great news to share.” I told him I had learned to read. But that wasn’t all. I had become a published author and an active speaker. “The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well,” I added.
The experts say what once worried me has a name: dyslexia (诵读困难症). But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.
8．Why did the author want to hide?
A．Because he felt sorry for himself. B．Because he hated being laughed at.
C．Because he couldn’t read at all. D．Because he didn’t have a ticket.
9．Which of the following could best describe Mr. Creech?
A．Considerate and dutiful. B．Demanding and enthusiastic.
C．Emotional and dedicated. D．Friendly and ambitious.
10．Why couldn’t the author read before meeting Mr.Creech?
A．Because his reading age was not long enough.
B．Because his parents didn’t teach him how to read.
C．Because he was afraid of reading before the class.
D．Because he didn’t have inner driving force to learn to read.
11．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Mr. Creech taught two students called Anthony Hamilton.
B．The author had become a published author and an active speaker.
C．Dyslexia was the underlying reason that made the author unable to read.
D．The author was grateful to Mr. Creech.
【答案】8．C9．A10．D11．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者患有诵读困难，13岁了还不识字。直到遇到了Creech老师，老师尽职地鼓励和帮助作者阅读，从此作者再也没有放弃阅读。多年后作者再次遇到老师，表达了自己的感激之情。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中I was in the classrooms, but I wasn’t there to learn to write, read or even speak. When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide.（我在教室里，但我不是在那里学习写作、阅读甚至是说话。轮到我读书时，我想藏起来。）以及第二段中I had an English teacher, Mr. Creech, who knew I couldn’t read.（我有一个英语老师，Mr. Creech，他知道我不识字。）可知作者想躲起来，是因为他根本不识字。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段中I had an English teacher, Mr. Creech, who knew I couldn’t read. In one of my first lessons the teacher said that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up. （我有一个英语老师，克里奇先生，他知道我不识字。在我的第一节课上，老师说任何一个阅读年龄在6岁以下的人都必须站起来。）可知Mr. Creech知道作者不识字，因此在第一节课上只是让阅读年龄在6岁以下的人站起来，体现了他很体贴学生；以及下文Later that day, Mr. Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read.（那天晚些时候，Mr. Creech鼓励我，并承诺他会尽最大努力帮助我学习阅读。）可知Mr. Creech帮助作者学习阅读，是非常尽职尽责的。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段中Later that day, Mr. Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read. From then on, I never gave up practicing reading.（那天晚些时候，克里奇老师鼓励我，并承诺他会尽最大努力帮助我学习阅读。从那以后，我再也没有放弃过阅读。）以及最后一段The experts say what once worried me has a name: dyslexia. But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.（专家们说，曾经让我担心的问题有一个名字:诵读困难。但我可以告诉你，这是因为缺乏受教育的欲望。）可知作者在遇到克里奇老师之前不能阅读，是因为他没有学习阅读的内在动力。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I’m so glad I had a chance to see you,” I said. “And Mr. Creech, I have great news to share.” I told him I had learned to read. But that wasn’t all. I had become a published author and an active speaker. “The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well,” I added.（“我很高兴有机会见到你，”我说。“克里奇老师，我有个好消息要告诉你。我告诉他我已经学会了阅读。但这还不是全部。我成了一名作家和演说家。“下次你的教室里再来一个安东尼·汉密尔顿，请也鼓励他读书，”我补充道。）可知作者见到克里奇老师很高兴，并且告诉老师自己的近况，可推知作者很感激克里奇老师。故选D。
The invention of steel frames in the late 1800s meant that the walls did not carry the weight of a structure. This development meant that suddenly much taller buildings were possible, and they could be built quickly. Skyscrapers had been born, and they were about to change the face of our cities.
Since 1901 the world’s tallest building had always been a skyscraper and until 1974 this was always in New York. Only after the end of the century did the tallest building appear outside North America, with the opening of the first building to be more than half a kilometer tall, Taipei 101.
Tall building are seen as a symbol of success and status by many but they are not always popular with local residents. The construction of the Shard, the tallest building in London and in the entire European Union, has been highly controversial. It is only a few hundred meters across the River Thames from the Tower of London--one of the oldest and most famous landmarks in London.Many feel that such modern constructions should not be built near to historic sites.
London residents should hope that the opening of the Shard doesn’t lead to a major downtown in their economy. The Empire State Building was finished in 1931, very soon after Wall Street crashed. The Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur were built in 1988, just after the Asian financial crisis. The Burj Khalifa in Dubai was opened in early 2010, and shortly afterwards the emirate’s（酋长国的）investment company collapsed.
The Burj Khalifa might be the tallest structure in the world currently but its status is under threat from numerous planned buildings around the world. One tower which will probably never be built is the 4km high X-Seed 4000 in Tokyo. It was designed in 1995 to attract publicity rather than as a serious proposal, but who knows when such fanciful ideas could become a reality? The Burj Khalifa is more that double the height of the Empire State Building, and surely no one in 1931 would have imagined that.
12．What make the building of skyscrapers possible?
A．The using of the steel frames.
B．The improvement of the wall material.
C．The changing of the city face.
D．'The increase of the building height.
13．What is most Londoners' attitude towards the construction of the Shard?
A．Supportive. B．Uncooperative.
C．Acceptable. D．Critical.
14．How is paragraph 4 developed?
A．By analyzing possible reasons. B．By stating general characters.
C．By providing typical examples. D．By listing practical proposals.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Skyscrapers: symbol of success B．Skyscrapers: ideal buildings
C．The sky's fanciful ideas and reality D．The sky's the limit
【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上很多国家为了追求大楼的高度而争相建造摩天大楼，但这并没有带来经济的繁荣。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The invention of steel frames in the late 1800s meant that the walls did not carry the weight of a structure. This development meant that suddenly much taller buildings were possible, and they could be built quickly. Skyscrapers had been born”可知，19世纪晚期钢架的发明意味着墙不能承载结构的重量，这一发展意味着更高的建筑成为可能，而且它们可以很快建成，摩天大楼就此诞生了，由此可知，钢架的使用使建造摩天大楼成为可能，故A项正确。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The construction of the Shard, the tallest building in London and in the entire European Union, has been highly controversial. It is only a few hundred meters across the River Thames from the Tower of London--one of the oldest and most famous landmarks in London.Many feel that such modern constructions should not be built near to historic sites.”可知，夏德大厦是伦敦乃至整个欧盟最高的建筑，其建造一直备受争议，伦敦塔是伦敦最古老、最著名的地标之一，许多人认为这样的现代建筑不应该建在历史遗址附近，由此可知，大多数伦敦人对夏德大厦的建造持批评的态度，故D项正确。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The Empire State Building was finished in 1931, very soon after Wall Street crashed. The Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur were built in 1988, just after the Asian financial crisis. The Burj Khalifa in Dubai was opened in early 2010, and shortly afterwards the emirate’s（酋长国的）investment company collapsed.”可知，1931年，在华尔街崩盘后不久，帝国大厦竣工；吉隆坡的双子塔建于1988年，就在亚洲金融危机之后；迪拜的哈利法塔在2010年初开放，不久之后，迪拜的投资公司倒闭，本段用这三个典型例子证明夏德大厦的开放不会给伦敦带来经济的繁荣，故C项正确。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段中的“The Burj Khalifa might be the tallest structure in the world currently but its status is under threat from numerous planned buildings around the world.”可知，迪拜的哈利法塔可能是目前世界上最高的建筑，但它的地位正受到来自世界各地众多已经规划的建筑的威胁，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是世界上很多国家为了追求大楼的高度而争相建造摩天大楼（但这并没有带来经济的繁荣），故D项（天空才是极限）适合作文章标题。
阅读理解【2021届（全国I卷）高三入学调研试】
The Metropolis Book Club
Membership
All you need to do is fill out the order form at the bottom of the page, select your first order from our book list and then post the completed form back to us.
Special offers for new members
As a special offer, you may choose any reduced-price books from our new members’ book list, to the value of 100 yuan in total. Tick the box on your form to order a free watch. Join before the end of this month and you receive another free book carefully chosen by our staff. Order an audio-book from the many on offer, at half the recommended retail price.
When you’ve joined
As a member you get around 50% off the publisher’s price of every book you buy, and what’s more, they come straight to your door. Your free club magazine arrives once a month to keep you up to date with the latest best-sellers we’ve added to our list. On the Internet, you can find all our titles for the year at our exclusive members’ website. Our website also has a book swap service where members can request or offer books for exchange.
Being a member
All you have to do is order four books during your first year. After that, you can decide on the number of books you wish to take. In each of your monthly club magazines, our experienced staff choose a “Book of the Month” for you, which is offered at an extra-special price. If you do not want this book, just say so in the space provided on the form and send it back to us. We always send the book if we do not receive this form.
Once we receive your order, your books are delivered within one week. And remember, you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered. If they aren’t what you expected just send them back!
1．How can you become a member of the Metropolis Book Club?
A．By ordering a watch free of charge.
B．By sending the advertisement to the club.
C．By returning the completed order form
D．By choosing books with special prices.
2．What information does the monthly magazine give members?
A．The percentage saved on each book.
B．The names of all the books sold by the club.
C．The list of the newest books available to buy.
D．The books that can be swapped by club members.
3．What can we infer from the last part of the passage?
A．At least four books should be bought each year.
B．Members need to buy the “Book of the Month”.
C．The more books bought, the higher the member’s grade.
D．Members can look at the books before they buy them.
【答案】1．C2．C3．D
【解析】本文是一则广告，主要介绍了如何成为网站会员以及成为会员的优惠措施等信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“All you need to do is fill out the order form at the bottom of the page, select your first order from our book list and then post the completed form back to us.”可知要想成为会员，只需要填好表格并把表格寄回即可。故C项正确。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Your free club magazine arrives once a month to keep you up to date with the latest best-sellers we’ve added to our list.”可知每月杂志都给会员提供最近的畅销书的名单，以供会员购买。故C项正确。
3．推理判断题。根据最后两句“And remember, you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered. If they aren’t what you expected just end them back!”可知会员对于所订购的书不满意，他们可以退回。如果满意则可以付钱。说明会员在购买之前是可以看到订购的书的。故D项正确。
Mary Anning was an English fossil collector, dealer and paleontologist(古生物学家). Her fossil-hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.
Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.
In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur(鱼龙).
Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.
Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.
Mary Anning died inl847. How evolution(进化)works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.
4．Why did Mary’s father take his children along the beach?
A．To enjoy life. B．To make a living.
C．To look for fossils. D．To teach them about fossils.
5．What can we learn about Mary?
A．Her father was a paleontologist. B．Her father educated her at home.
C．She had nine brothers and sisters in all. D．She might be popular at that time.
6．Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?
A．Charles Darwin. B．Mary’s dog. C．Mary. D．Joseph.
7．What does the underlined word "crumble" in the fourth paragraph means ?
A．break B．shake C．float D．dive
【答案】4．B5．D6．D7．A
【解析】这是一篇人物传记。短文叙述了英国化石收藏家、商人和古生物学家玛丽·安宁的故事。
4．推理判断题。由第二段“Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知，1799年5月21日，玛丽出生于英国一个贫穷的家庭。玛丽的父亲经常带着他的孩子们沿着海滩走。他们捡贝壳和石头卖给游客。所以玛丽的父亲带孩子们去海边是为了谋生。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。由倒数第二段“ Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors”可知，科学家写信要来拜访她。玛丽还开了一家商店出售化石、石头和贝壳且与到访的游客聊一些关于化石的信息。所以通过关键词“ Scientists wrote letters and came to see her ，She chatted with visitors”可以判断出，在那个时候她很有名，很受欢迎。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。由第三段“in 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知，1811年，当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时，约瑟夫看到一根骨头从岩石中伸出来了。所以约瑟夫是第一个看到含有第一个完整鱼龙化石的人。故选D项。
7．词句猜测题。由第四段“She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.可知，暴风雨过后她喜欢在海滩上寻找化石。风、雨、浪使岩石变得碎裂，很容易发现化石。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出第四段加下划线的“crumble”是break“破裂”的意思。故选A项。
Move over, helicopter parents. “Snowplow(扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive(强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.
Helicopter parenting, the practice of wandering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines moving ahead, clearing any difficulties in their children’s path to success, so they don’t have to suffer failure, frustration(挫折)or lose opportunities.
It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.
Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children don’ t ever meet with failure, but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.
Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.
But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced a difficulty, what happens when they get into the real world?
“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”
8．What do we know about snowplow parenting?
A．It appeared before helicopter parenting.
B．It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.
C．It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.
D．It provides more than enough services for children.
9．What does the fourth paragraph mainly say about snowplow parenting?
A．Its cost. B．Its benefits. C．Its popularity. D．Its ending time.
10．Why does the author mention parents’ taking away car keys?
A．To show teenagers are no better than babies.
B．To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.
C．To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.
D．To show it’s correct to help children when necessary.
11．What’s the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?
A．Children lacking problem-solving ability in reality.
B．Children mastering more key life skills than parents.
C．Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.
D．Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.
【答案】8．D9．C10．D11．A
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了这样一个群体---“扫雪机父母”，这种父母就像扫雪机一样披荆斩棘，为孩子清除人生路上的一切障碍。但是专家表示，这种做法是不明智的，父母们预先给孩子解决所有问题会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。
8．细节理解题。由第一段“Snowplow(扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive(强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.”可知，如今是“扫雪机父母”的天下了。采取这种高强度育儿方式的父母会给成年子女预约理发，给上大学的孩子发短信叫他们起床去参加考试，甚至会给孩子的雇主打电话。所以“扫雪机父母”为孩子提供了足够的服务。故选D项。
9．主旨大意题。由第四段“but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.”可知，但不是只有富人才会做扫雪机父母。无论收入、教育或种族如何，这种高强度育儿方式已经成为最受欢迎的养育孩子的方式。所以第四段主要讲“扫雪机父母”育儿方式的普及性。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。由第五段“Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so”可知，是的，父母的工作是养育孩子，并在孩子还不够成熟的时候利用他们的成人智慧为他们的未来做准备。所以本段在肯定父母在养育孩子时所做出的努力以及正确性。故判断出作者提到父母拿走孩子的车钥匙的事例就是为了表明父母在必要时帮助孩子是正确的。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。由最后段“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”可知，许多儿童发展专家说解决问题、去冒险和克服挫折是关键的生活技能，如果父母不让孩子经历失败，孩子就不会获得它们。所以通过专家所说的话可以判断出，根据专家的说法，“扫雪机父母”的教育结果会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。故选A项。
Tests have shown robots can diagnose heart problems in as little as four seconds, as a review of artificial intelligence （Al） finds machines are now as good at spotting illness as doctors.
Analyzing a patient's heart function on a cardiac MRI （心脏磁共振成像）scan currently takes doctors around 13 minutes. But a new trial by University College London （UCL） showed an Al program could read the scans in less time with equal accuracy. There are approximately 150,000 such scans performed in the UK each year, and researchers estimate that fully using Al to read them could save 54 clinician-days （临床天数）at each cardiac centre per year. So it can make up for the shortage of doctors.
It is hoped that Al where computer systems are able to learn from data to identify new patterns with minimal human intervention will transform medicine by helping doctors spot dis- eases such as heart disease and cancer faster and earlier. However, most scans are still read by specially trained doctors.
Dr Charlotte Manisty, who led the UCL research, said, "Cardiovascular MRI offers in- comparable image quality for assessing heart structure and function. However, current manual analysis remains basic and outdated. Automated machine techniques offer the potential to change this and completely improve efficiency and accuracy, and we look forward to further research that could confirm the superiority to human analysis."
She added, “Our dataset of patients with a range of heart disease who received scans enabled us to demonstrate that the greatest sources of measurement errors arise from human factors. This indicates that automated techniques are at least as good as humans, with the potential soon to be 'super-human'—transforming clinical and research measurement precision."
Professor Alastair Denniston said, "Within those handful of high-quality studies, we found that by deep learning Al could indeed detect disease ranging from cancer to eye disease as accurately as health professionals. But it's important to note that it did not absolutely exceed human professional diagnosis. ”
12．Which of the following can best describe this Al program?
A．Time-consuming. B．Environmentally friendly.
C．Extremely unpractical. D．Labor-saving.
13．What is Charlotte Manisty's expectation of automated machine techniques?
A．To treat eye disease faster and earlier.
B．To analyze heart disease efficiently and accurately.
C．To combine manual with automated analysis.
D．To confirm heart structure and function.
14．What did Alastair Denniston say about Al?
A．It would be super-human soon.
B．It couldn't completely replace expert doctors.
C．It would correct professionals' measurement errors.
D．It couldn't detect cancer as accurately as health professionals.
15．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Al has many shortcomings in practice.
B．Al totally shows its superiority to human analysis.
C．Al can reduce medical errors arising from human factors.
D．Al can diagnose heart disease as well as doctors in less time.
【答案】12．D13．B14．B15．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍Al在医学上的运用。这篇文章主要讲述的是Al能像医生一样在更短的时间内诊断出心脏病。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段So it can make up for the shortage of doctors.可知，这样就可以弥补医生的不足。由此可知，Al程序可以节省劳动力。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段中Dr Charlotte Manisty, who led the UCL research, said, "Cardiovascular MRI offers in- comparable image quality for assessing heart structure and function.Automated machine techniques offer the potential to change this and completely improve efficiency and accuracy, and we look forward to further research that could confirm the superiority to human analysis.“领导UCL研究的夏洛特·曼尼斯蒂博士说：“心血管磁共振成像为评估心脏结构和功能提供了可比较的图像质量。自动化机器技术有可能改变这一现状，并完全提高效率和准确性，我们期待着进一步的研究，以证实人类分析的优越性。”由此可知，Charlotte Manisty对自动化机器技术的期望是“有效而准确地分析心脏病。”故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中But it's important to note that it did not absolutely exceed human professional diagnosis.“但重要的是要注意,它并没有完全超过人类的专业诊断。”由此可知，Al不能完全取代专家医生。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段Tests have shown robots can diagnose heart problems in as little as four seconds, as a review of artificial intelligence （Al） finds machines are now as good at spotting illness as doctors.“测试表明，机器人诊断心脏问题的时间最短可达4秒。一份人工智能(Al)综述发现，机器人在诊断疾病方面的能力与医生不相上下。”可知，这篇文章讲述的是Al能像医生一样在更短的时间内诊断出心脏病。故选D。
阅读理解【2021届四川成都经开区实验中学高三上学期入学考试】
Washer instructions for use
Use by steps:
1. See whether the power supply and water inlet;
2. Put clothes into appropriate detergent（洗漆剂）（liquid）, cover roof;
3. Deciding on the number of coin laundry process choice （1-7）, a dollar coin as a single drying, five dollars for the quick wash, double the standard wash;
4. When choosing single dewatering（使脱水）program, pay one dollar to press the red button in the panel; washing machine start running single dewatering program; when choosing fast programs, after five yuan coin, press the red button on the panel, and washing machine start running fast wash program; when choosing standard wash program, washing machine into the washing.
Program settings:
Fees / coins
Working level
Washing procedure
Washing results
One dollar
drying

Drying
Alternate maximum protection clothing rubbing the soft power not to hurt the material, effectively saving drying time
Five dollars double fast
mid level
A drift of
a two-drying washing
Boiling water, remove stains and efficient, healthy and rapid clean clothing
Seven dollars
Standard
wash
Intelligent sensor control, auto-sense judgments clothing volume, texture and the water
level to be a reasonable amount to optimize washing
Two or three
drying of a drift
Near foil level, even health antibacterial
wash, wash and rub only, dean well, care of clothing, clean clothes bright as new

Notes:
1. Do not open the cover as often as possible.
2. Do not add laundry during the washing power; place the stain left behind.
3. To ensure the quality laundry, dry clothes, the weight of 4.5 kg is usually suitable.
4. Guard against coins, keys, etc. in the laundry in the wash bucket to protect washing machines.
1．What should you do before putting clothes into the washer?
A．Paying fees.
B．Checking the power supply.
C．Filling the washer with boiling water.
D．Pressing the red button on the panel.
2．If you want to wash clothes with dirty marks economically, how much should you pay?
A．One dollar. B．Two dollars.
C．Five dollars. D．Seven dollars.
3．What should you do to avoid damage to washing machine?
A．Not opening the cover.
B．Not adding washing powder.
C．Putting as light clothes as possible.
D．Avoiding putting coins or keys in the laundry. .
【答案】1．B2．C3．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了洗衣机的使用说明以及注意事项。
1．细节理解题。根据Use by steps中 See whether the power supply and water inlet; 查看电源及进水是否正常；可知，在把衣服放进洗衣机之前你应该先检查电源。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据Use by steps中 Deciding on the number of coin laundry process choice(1-7), a dollar coin as a single drying, five dollars for the quick wash, double the standard wash; 决定选择多少个硬币的洗衣过程，1美元硬币是一次烘干的费用，5美元快速洗涤，双倍标准洗涤；再根据表格中的“Boiling water, remove stains and efficient, healthy and rapid clean clothing”可知，去除污渍，高效、健康、快速清洗衣物。所以如果你想节俭地洗有污迹的衣服，你应该付5美元。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据Notes中Guard against coins, keys, etc. in the laundry in the wash bucket to protect washing machines.防止硬币、钥匙等在洗衣桶中，以保护洗衣机。可知，避免把硬币或钥匙放在洗衣机里能避免损坏洗衣机。故选D项。
I've been taking time this week to smell the roses. Literally, I bend over in my neighbors' front yard, check that nobody is watching, and then bury my head in the flowers.
I've also been walking into bakeries and walking around without buying anything. After having surgery on my broken nose 18 months ago, I haven't been able to smell or taste things. This week, however, my nose is back in business. I've been overwhelmed by smells, and it's given me a new way of thinking. Scent is just one of the little bits and pieces that make life enjoyable, but which we often ignore. I remember once, when my son was five months old, I was carrying him down the street. Wind swept through and almost tipped us over. He threw his little head back and giggled. He'd never felt the wind on his face. When is the last time I laughed at the weather?
The first time I ate bacon, I rushed home to my parents, determined that we ate this deliciousness at every meal. My father smiled and agreed. Do you recall when you learned that the voice actors of Mickey and Minnie Mouse were married in real life? Do you enjoy sleeping in new clean bedsheets? Is there someone on the radio whose voice is as smooth as velvet?
We don't write postcards about the small things. We don't frame them in photo-graphs. They aren't that great or grand, but without them, life is altogether too loud. These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive. As my sense of smell returns to me, it's like I'm smelling things for the first time. They're full of memories and magic. Food tastes better, and the air is indeed sweet. I know what the poets mean now. It almost makes my broken nose worthwhile. Now, I am waiting for this bandage to come off. There's an itch I can't reach!
4．The writer in the passage mainly tries to _______.
A．discuss how to enjoy leisure time B．show that she loves doing secret things
C．give examples of how she kills time D．persuade readers to enjoy small things in life
5．According to the writer, “a new way of thinking” in the second paragraph means _______.
A．the ability to discover the joy of small things B．the habit of overcoming ignorance
C．the ability to fully use our limited attention D．the habit of making personal reflections
6．The writer recalls that _______.
A．her father enjoyed sleeping in new clean bedsheets.
B．her son was frightened when feeling the wind on his face.
C．she couldn't resist temptation when eating bacon for the first time.
D．she always ignored the great things in life.
7．One small thing mentioned in the last paragraph is _______.
A．a joyful memory B．a quiet experience
C．the sense of smell D．the simple fact of being alive
【答案】4．D5．A6．C7．C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述了作者在嗅觉恢复后对于生活的感悟。作者在断掉的鼻子恢复正常后，发现自己的嗅觉里充满了回忆和魔力，也发觉生活中有很多被忽视的美好，正是这些简单安静的事让我们能享受生活的真谛。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive.可知这些安静的经历让我们有机会享受简单的生活。结合本文主要讲述了作者在嗅觉恢复后对于生活的感悟。作者在断掉的鼻子恢复正常后，发现自己的嗅觉里充满了回忆和魔力，也发觉生活中有很多被忽视的美好，正是这些简单安静的事让我们能享受生活的真谛。由此可推知，作者目的在于说服读者享受生活中的小事情。故选D。
5．词义猜测题。根据第二段中Scent is just one of the little bits and pieces that make life enjoyable, but which we often ignore.可知气味只是让生活变得愉快的小细节之一，但我们经常忽视它。由此可推知，第二段中的“new way of thinking”是指从小事中发现乐趣的能力。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中The first time I ate bacon, I rushed home to my parents, determined that we ate this deliciousness at every meal.可知第一次吃培根的时候，我冲回家找父母，决定每餐都要吃这个美味的培根。由此可知，作者回忆第一次吃培根的时候，她无法抗拒诱惑。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中We don't frame them in photo-graphs. They aren't that great or grand, but without them, life is altogether too loud. These quiet experiences give us a chance to enjoy the simple fact of being alive. As my sense of smell returns to me, it's like I'm smelling things for the first time.可知我们不会把他们裱在相框里。他们并不是那么伟大或特别重要，但是没有他们，生活就显得太喧嚣了。这些安静的经历让我们有机会享受简单的生活。当我的嗅觉恢复时，我就像第一次闻到东西一样。由此判断出，最后一段中提到的一件小事指的是作者的嗅觉。故选C。
Nowadays there is less and less contact between the old and the young. There are many reasons for this, but the result is the same: increasing numbers of children without grandparents and old people who have no contact with children. And more old people who are lonely and feel use- less, along with more and more families with young children who desperately need more support. It’s a major problem in many societies.
That’s why intergenerational programmes, designed to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world, supported by UNESCO and other local and international organisations. There are examples of successful initiatives all over the world. Using young people to teach IT skills to older people is one obvious example. Using old people as volunteer assistants in schools is another, perhaps reading with children who need extra attention.
One successful scheme in France is combining a residential home for the elderly with a creche/nursery school in the same building. The children and the residents eat lunch together and share activities such as music, painting, gardening and caring for the pets which the residents are encouraged to keep. In the afternoons, the residents enjoy reading or telling stones to the children and, if a child is feeling sad or tired, there is always a kind lap to sit on and a cuddle (依偎). There are trips out and birthday parties too.
The advantages are enormous for everyone concerned. The children are happy because they get a lot more individual attention and respond well because someone has lime, for them. They also learn that old people are not different or frightening in any way. And of course, they see illness and death and learn to accept them. The residents are happy because they feel useful and needed. They are more active and more interested in life when the children are around and they take more interest in their appearance too. And the staff are happy because they see an improvement in the physical and psychological health of the residents and have an army of assistants to help with the children.
8．What is the social problem talked about in Paragraph 1?
A．A generation gap. B．Caring for children.
C．Intergenerational contact. D．The support for the aged.
9．What do the programmes mentioned in Paragraph 2 aim to do?
A．Make the old take care of children.
B．Help the old people learn new things.
C．Encourage the young to care for the old.
D．Increase contact between the old and the young.
10．What is special about the scheme in France?
A．Joining an elderly house with a kindergarten.
B．Hiring old people as child - care workers.
C．Helping children face misfortunes bravely.
D．Using children to accompany the old.
11．In which aspect does the scheme benefit the old?
A．It builds up their strength.
B．They live a healthier life.
C．It creates a family atmosphere.
D．They are closer to their relatives.
【答案】8．C9．D10．A11．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了老年人和小孩之间的接触越来越少，联合国教科文组织设置了一些方案，目的是增加老年人和小孩之间的接触，法国的方案很成功。
8．细节理解题。由Nowadays there is less and less contact between the old and the young.可知第一自然段谈论的社会问题是老年人和小孩之间的接触越来越少，故选C。
9．细节理解题。由That’s why intergenerational programmes, designed to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world, supported by UNESCO and other local and international organisations.可知第二自然段提到的这个方案的目的是增加老年人和小孩之间的接触，故选D。
10．细节理解题。由One successful scheme in France is combining a residential home for the elderly with a creche/nursery school in the same building.可知法国这个方案的特殊之处在于在老年人的房子里开办幼儿园，故选A。
11．推理判断题。由The residents are happy because they feel useful and needed. They are more active and more interested in life when the children are around and they take more interest in their appearance too. And the staff are happy because they see an improvement in the physical and psychological health of the residents and have an army of assistants to help with the children.可知，老年人会觉得自己有用，被需要。他们更活跃，对生活更感兴趣。可推知这个方案对老年人的好处是可以让他们过一种更健康的生活，故选B。
In college, I was taught an elegant theory of chemical combination based on excess electrons going into holes in the orbital shell of a neighbouring atom. But what about diatomic compounds like oxygen gas? Don't ask; students aren't ready to know. In physics, in biology, in any other science classes, students frequently get that answer too.
It’s time to trust students to handle doubt and diversity in science. Actually, students are starting to act. They have shamed their seniors into including more diverse contributors as faculty members and role models. Young scholars rudely ask their superiors why they fail to address the extinction crises clarified by their research. The inherited authoritarian political structures of science education are becoming lame—but still remain largely unchanged from the old school days.
A narrow, rigid education does not prepare anyone for the complexities of scientific research, applications and policy. If we discourage students from inquiring into the real nature of scientific truths, or exploring how society shapes the questions that researchers ask how can we prepare them to maintain public trust in science in our “post-truth” world? Diversity and doubt produce creativity: we must make room for them, and stop guiding future scientists into narrow specialties that value technique over thought.
In science, even foundational building blocks can be questioned. The unifying patterns of the periodic table are now questioned under closer examination. Some scientists now wonder whether the concept of biological “species” contributes more confusion than insight, and whether it should therefore be abandoned. However, such a decision would affect conservation policy, in which identification of endangered species is crucial—so it is not just an issue for basic science.
Science students generally remain unaware that concepts such as elements and species are contested or are even contestable. In school, college and beyond, curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective. Public arguments among scientists often presume that every problem has just one solution.
Nonetheless, uncertain advice on complex issues should be a warning that, from a future perspective, today's total scientific consensus on some policy issue might have been the result of stubbornness, a conflict of interest or worse. Just as a healthy democracy accommodates dissent and dissonance, the collective consciousness of science would do well to embrace doubt and diversity. This could start with teaching science as a great, flawed, ongoing human achievement, rather than as a collection of cut-and-dried eternal （永久的）truths.
I recall a legendary chemistry professor who was not skilful at getting classroom demonstrations to work—but discussing what went wrong helped his students to thrive. A mathematician friend let pupils discuss every statement in the textbook until all were satisfied. They did very well in exams, and taught themselves when he was absent. Treating people at all levels as committed thinkers, whose asking teaches us all, is the key to tackling the challenges to science in the post-trust age.
12．The problem of current science training is that ______.
A．students cannot become specialists
B．it goes against established science education
C．students lose trust in their teachers and professors
D．it fails to provide students with what they need in future
13．The periodic table is mentioned to prove that ______.
A．even the widely accepted can be challenged
B．students are generally ignorant of science
C．most previous researches are out of date
D．science has been developing with time
14．It can be learnt from the passage that ______.
A．students may be more innovative if they are allowed to doubt
B．science students do not contest elements or species
C．students should not trust established science
D．diversity prevents progress in science
15．Which of the following statements best represents the writer’s opinion?
A．Our curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective.
B．Science should be a collection of cut-and-dried eternal truths.
C．Teachers should treat people at all levels as committed thinkers.
D．The concept of biological species brings more confusion than insight.
【答案】12．D13．A14．A15．C
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了，在科学领域，我们要信任学生来处理科学中的怀疑和多样性，多样性和怀疑产生创造力，如果我们不鼓励学生探究科学真理的真实本质，或者不鼓励他们探索社会如何塑造研究人员提出的问题，那么我们如何让他们做好准备，在我们的“后真理”世界里保持公众对科学的信任。
12．推理判断题。由第一段最后两句“Don't ask; students aren't ready to know. In physics, in biology, in any other science classes, students frequently get that answer too.”（别问，学生们还没准备好知道。在物理学、生物学、任何其他科学课上，学生也经常得到这个答案。），第三段第一句“A narrow, rigid education does not prepare anyone for the complexities of scientific research, applications and policy.”（狭隘、僵化的教育不能使任何人为科学研究、应用和政策的复杂性做好准备。），可知当前科学培训的问题在于它不能为学生提供他们未来进行科学研究所需要的东西。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。由第四段中的“In science, even foundational building blocks can be questioned. The unifying patterns of the periodic table are now questioned under closer examination.”（在科学领域，甚至基础的构成要素也可能受到质疑。现在元素周期表的统一模式正在更仔细的检查下被质疑。），说明元素周期表即使是被广泛接受的，也可能会被质疑。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。第三段最后一句“Diversity and doubt produce creativity: we must make room for them, and stop guiding future scientists into narrow specialties that value technique over thought.”（多样性和怀疑产生创造力：我们必须为它们腾出空间，并停止引导未来的科学家进入狭隘的专业领域，即重视技术而不是思想。），可推断出如果允许学生怀疑，学生可能更具创新性。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句“Treating people at all levels as committed thinkers, whose asking teaches us all, is the key to tackling the challenges to science in the post-trust age.”（把所有层次的人都当作坚定的思考者，他们的询问教会了我们所有人，这是在后信任时代应对科学挑战的关键。），可知教师应该把所有层次的人看作是坚定的思考者，这能最好描述符合作者观点。故选C项。