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2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will James d tmrrw ?
A. Watch a TV prgram.B. Give a talk.C. Write a reprt.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】Text 1 W: James, yu've been watching TV fr the whle evening. What's n? M: It's a science prgram n the rigin f the universe. I'll give a presentatin n it in my class tmrrw.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we say abut the wman?
A. She's generus.B. She's curius.C. She's helpful.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】Text 2 M: Hell, d yu have "The Best f Mzart"? W: Um, srry, we've just sld ut. But we can rder ne fr yu. If yu give us yur number, we'll call yu when the CD arrives.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When des the train leave?
A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】Text 3 W: We'd better be ging nw, r we'll be late fr the train. M: N rush. It's 8:30 nw. We still have tw hurs.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw des the wman g t wrk?
A. By car.B. On ft.C. By bike.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】Text 4 M: I am s tired f driving all thse hurs t wrk. W: Yeah. I knw what yu mean. I used t drive tw hurs t wrk each way. But nw, I live within walking distance f my ffice. I dn't even need a bike.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Dctr and patient.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】Text 5 W: Hi, Andy. I didn't see yu in Prfessr Smith's class yesterday. What happened? M: Well, I had a headache. S, I called him and asked fr sick leave.
第二节
听第6段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What des the wman regret?
A. Giving up her research.
B. Drpping ut f cllege.
C. Changing her majr.
7. What is the wman interested in studying nw?
A. Eclgy.B. Educatin.C. Chemistry.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】Text 6 W: The biggest mistake I made, leaving cllege in my last year and nt cmpleting my educatin. S, I', thinking f ging back t schl. M: Schl? T study what? W: Eclgy. I'm interested in the relatinship between humans and nature. M: Cl. Is it what yu studied years ag? M: N, I majred in chemistry then.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the man?
A. A htel manager.B. A tur guide.C. A taxi driver.
9. What is the man ding fr the wman?
A. Lking fr sme lcal fds.
B. Shwing her arund the seaside.
C. Offering infrmatin abut a htel.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】Text 7 M: Gd mrning, madam. I am yur guide fr this trip. W: Hw lvely! Culd yu tell me abut the htel I'm ging t stay at? M: Yes, f curse. The Grand Htel pened in 1990. And it sits n the seaside alng the Suth Cast Highway. It is the mst beautiful htel here. W: That sunds great. M: And there are sme restaurants utside. S, at dinnertime, yu'd have a lt f chices. W: That's really nice. I like t have sme lcal fds while traveling. What abut the scenery arund it? M: The htel has the best views f the Pacific Ocean. W: Oh, I think I will lve this htel.
听第8段材料，完成下面小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In an ffice.B. At hme.C. At a restaurant.
11. What will the speakers d tmrrw evening?
A. G t a cncert.B. Visit a friend.C. Wrk extra hurs.
12. Wh is Alice ging t call?
A. Mike.B. Jan.C. Catherine.
【答案】10 C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】Text 8 W: Hi, Mike. M: Hi, Alice. Nice t see yu. Yu dn't ften cme here. W: I usually have fast fd delivered t my ffice. Just came here fr a change tday. M: The envirnment here is gd - clean and relatively quiet. W: Yeah, and I heard the fd is tasty. By the way, are yu ging t the cncert tmrrw evening? M: Yes, are yu? W: Yeah. Catherine was suppsed t g with me. But she may have t wrk extra hurs tmrrw. D yu knw anyne wh might like t g? M: N. But if yu like, I can ask arund. Uh, Jan might want t g. W: Oh, yes. She's a great fan f classical music. I'll give her a ring after lunch.
听第9段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Why des the wman meet the man?
A. T lk at an apartment.
B. T deliver sme furniture.
C. T have a meal tgether.
14. What des the wman like abut the carpet?
A. Its clr.B. Its design.C. Its quality.
15. What des the man say abut the kitchen?
A. It's a gd size.B. It's newly painted.C. It's adequately equipped .
16. What will the wman prbably d next?
A. G dwntwn.B. Talk with her friend.C. Make payment.
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】Text 9 W: Hi, I've nly just arrived. M: Oh, gd. Nw, here are the keys. Let's g in. There are tw apartments. The ne fr rent is n the right. D cme in. W: Thank yu. I like the carpet. The clr is nice, isn't it? M: Yes, and this apartment is in gd cnditin. Here is yur lunge. W: Where wuld we eat? M: There is this crner here, r yu can use yur kitchen. Cme and see. W: The kitchen is quite small. M: Yes, but it has everything - cker, fridge, even a dishwasher. W: And there are lts f cupbards. M: Let me shw yu the bedrms. This is the smaller ne. W: It's a gd size, thugh. M: Nw cme int the ther bedrm. Yu can see the bathrm, t. W: Yes. It is very nice, but I will have t ask my friend first. And we will cme tgether. I understand it is $800 a mnth. M: Yes, but a few blcks dwntwn wuld be much mre expensive. W: Well, thank yu. I will be in tuch.
听第10段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. Mvie fans.B. News reprters.C. Cllege students.
18. When did the speaker take English classes?
A. Befre he left his hmetwn.
B. After he came t America.
C. When he was 15 years ld.
19. Hw des the speaker feel abut his teacher?
A. He's prud.B. He's sympathetic.C. He's grateful.
20 What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Hw educatin shaped his life.
B. Hw his language skills imprved.
C. Hw he managed his business well.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Text 10 Thank yu very much. Thank yu, Dr. Jhnsn. Well, it is really great t be back at university again. The thing that I wanted t tell yu tday is this: Educatin is imprtant. When I came t the US, I was nly thinking abut being a carpenter, but I culd nt read the newspaper. And I culd nt understand the news n televisin r mvies r anything like this. S, I entered the city cllege t take English classes fr freign students. I was very prud that I was ging t a cllege because n ne in my family ever went t any cllege r t any university. Yu knw, when yu’re 15 years ld in my cuntry, yu finish schl and then yu learn a trade. And that’s exactly what I did. When I was 15 years ld, I learned hw t be a carpenter. A year later, I came t America. Luckily, I met a very gd teacher wh encuraged me t take sme math classes, business classes, and histry classes, and I became a full-time cllege student. And tday, when I lk back, I’m s happy because yu never knw where life will take yu. All f a sudden, I started making mney because I was really gd at math. Yu knw, hw t wrk ut everything with math is s imprtant. This is smething that I learned when I started my wn business, which is ding really well.
第二部分
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Washingtn, D.C. Bicycle Turs
Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.
Duratin: 3 hurs
This small grup bike tur is a fantastic way t see a wrld-famus cherry trees with beautiful flwers f Washingtn, D.C. Yur guide will prvide a histry lessn abut the trees and the famus mnuments where they blssm. Reserve yur spt befre availability — the cherry blssms—disappear!
Washingtn Capital Mnuments Bicycle Tur
Duratin: 3 hurs (4 miles)
Jin a guided bike tur and view sme f the mst ppular mnuments in Washingtn, D.C. Explre the mnuments and memrials n the Natinal Mall as yur guide shares unique facts and histry at each stp. Guided tur includes bike, helmet, ckies and bttled water.
Capital City Bike Tur In Washingtn, D.C.
Duratin: 3 hurs
Mrning r Afternn, this bike tur is the perfect tur fr D. C. newcmers and lcals lking t experience Washingtn, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effrt. Knwledgeable guides will entertain yu with the mst, interesting stries abut Presidents, Cngress, memrials, and parks. Cmfrtable bikes and a smth tur rute(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur
Duratin: 3 hurs (7miles)
Jin a small grup bike tur fr an evening f explratin in the heart f Washingtn, D.C. Get up clse t the mnuments and memrials as yu bike the sites f Capitl Hill and the Natinal Mall. Frequent stps are made fr pht taking as yur guide ffers unique facts and histry. Tur includes bike, helmet, and bttled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
21. Which tur d yu need t bk in advance?
A. Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.
B. Washingtn Capital Mnuments Bicycle Tur.
C. Capital City Bike Tur in Washingtn.
D. Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur.
22. What will yu d n the Capital City Bike Tur?
A. Meet famus peple.B. G t a natinal park.
C. Visit well-knwn museums.D. Enjy interesting stries.
23. Which f the fllwing des the bicycle tur at night prvide?
A. City maps.B. Cameras.
C. Meals.D. Safety lights.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了在Washingtn, D.C. 骑自行车旅行的四条路线的相关行程及注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.中的Reserve yur spt befre availability可知，这个骑行项目需要提前预约。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Capital City Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.中的Knwledgeable guides will entertain yu with the mst interesting stries abut Presidents, Cngress, memrials, and parks.可知，在这个活动中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur中的All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选D。
【点睛】本篇文章最容易出错的题是21题，究其原因是不熟悉词汇reserve的词义：预约。in advance意为“提前“。因此，高考前熟悉词汇和短语是重中之重的事情。Reserve yur spt befre availability — and the cherry blssms — disappear在有效期和樱花消失前预约。
Gd Mrning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used t grilling guests n the sfa every mrning, but she is cking up a strm in her latest rle — shwing families hw t prepare delicius and nutritius meals n a tight budget.
In Save Mney: Gd Fd, she visits a different hme each week and with the help f chef Matt Tebbutt ffers tp tips n hw t reduce fd waste, while preparing recipes fr under £5 per family a day. And the Gd Mrning Britain presenter says she’s been able t put a lt f what she’s leant int practice in her wn hme, preparing meals fr sns, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11.
"We lve Mexican churrs, s I buy them n my phne frm my lcal Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 fr a prtin(一份), but Matt makes them fr 26p a prtin, because they are flur, water, sugar and il. Everybdy can buy takeaway fd, but smetimes we’re nt aware hw cheaply we can make this fd urselves. "
The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Mney: Gd Fd, fllws in the ftsteps f ITV’s Save Mney: Gd Health, which gave viewers advice n hw t get value frm the vast range f health prducts n the market.
With fd ur biggest weekly husehld expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tnight’s Easter special they cme t the aid f a family in need f sme delicius inspiratin n a budget. The team transfrms the family’s lng weekend f celebratin with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
24. What d we knw abut Susanna Reid?
A. She enjys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new prgramme.
C. She dislikes wrking early in the mrning.D. She has had a light budget fr her family.
25. Hw des Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
A. He buys cking materials fr her.B. He prepares fd fr her kids.
C. He assists her in cking matters.D. He invites guest families fr her.
26. What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 4?
A. Summarize the previus paragraphs.B. Prvide sme advice fr the readers.
C. Add sme backgrund infrmatin.D. Intrduce a new tpic fr discussin.
27. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily Diet
C. Making yurself a Perfect ChefD. Cking Well fr Less
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一档英国电视节目，给观众介绍如何减少食物浪费以及如何以较少的预算做出美味佳肴。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段Gd Mrning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used t grilling guests n the sfa every mrning, but she is cking up a strm in her latest rle可知，她开辟了一个新的节目。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的In Save Mney: Gd Fd, she visits a different hme each week and with the help f chef Matt Tebbutt ffers tp tips n hw t reduce fd waste, while preparing recipes fr under £5 per family a day.可知，Susanna在厨师Matt Tebbutt的帮助下，提供如何减少食物浪费同时花费低于£5的一个家庭一整天的食谱。故选C。解题关键词：同义词表达with the help f和help。
【26题详解】
写作意图题。根据文章第四段中的which gave viewers advice n hw t get value frm the vast range f health prducts n the market.可知，Save Mney: Gd Fd节目是Save Mney: Gd Health节目之后，给观众一些建议：如何从市场上众多的健康产品中获取价值。也就是给这个节目补充背景信息，故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨要义题。根据文章的整体内容可知，文章作者一直在讲如何用较少的钱做出好的食物。根据文章中的prepare delicius and nutritius meals n a tight budget.（在资金紧张的情况下，准备可口且有营养的饭菜）；hw t reduce fd waste, while preparing recipes fr under £5 per family a day. 如何减少食物浪费同时花费低于£5的一个家庭一整天的食谱；hw cheaply we can make this fd urselves. 我们自己做这种食物有多便宜；less expensive but still tasty recipes.不贵但仍然可口的食谱。故D项Cking Well fr Less是最佳标题。
【点睛】本篇文章学生感到比较难的是26题，很多学生不知道作者在说什么，不明白作者的意图，感到很茫然。根据文章中的Save Mney: Gd Fd, fllws in the ftsteps f ITV's Save Mney: Gd Health,…可知作者是为读者介绍了Save Mney这个节目是怎么来的，即是背景信息。
Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging. When the wrld was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther. Sme language experts believe that 10,000 years ag, when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Sn afterwards, many f thse peple started settling dwn t becme farmers, and their languages t became mre settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrializatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages. Often spken by many peple while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 Languages: the Americas abut 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number(中位数) f speakers is a mere 6，000, which means that half the wrlds languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f 6,800 languages are clse t extinctin(消亡), with nly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at randm, Busuu in Camern (eight remaining speakers), Chiapanec in Mexic(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(tw r three) r Wadjigu in Australia (ne, with a questin-mark): nne f these seems t have much chance f survival.
28. What can we infer abut languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They develped very fast.B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patters.D. They were clsely cnnected
29. Which f the fllwing best explains "dminant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A. Cmplex.B. Advanced.
C. Pwerful.D. Mdern.
30. Hw many languages are spken by less than 6, 000 peple at present?
A. Abut 6,800 .B. Abut 3,400
C. Abut 2,400D. Abut 1,200.
31. What is the main idea f the text?
A. New languages will be created.
B. Peples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human develpment results in fewer languages.
D. Gegraphy determines language evlutin.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的When the wrld was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther... when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人组成的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式……当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。
【29题详解】
猜测词义题。根据文章第二段中的dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dminant languages意为“强有力的语言”。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages.和The median number (中位数) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld’s languages are spken by fewer peple than that. 可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。
点睛：长难句解读
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
分析：dminant前的and连接两个并列句，all和前面的名词短语trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins是同位语。
句意：在最近的几个世纪，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的普及，尤其是过去几十年来，全球化和更好的交流，这些都导致许多语言消失。而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言正日益占据主导地位。
We may think we're a culture that gets rid f ur wrn technlgy at the first sight f smething shiny and new, but a new study shws that we keep using ur ld devices(装置) well after they g ut f style. That’s bad news fr the envirnment — and ur wallets — as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.
T figure ut hw much pwer these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her clleagues at the Rchester Institute f Technlgy in New Yrk tracked the envirnmental csts fr each prduct thrughut its life — frm when its minerals are mined t when we stp using the device. This methd prvided a readut fr hw hme energy use has evlved since the early 1990s. Devices were gruped by generatin — Desktp cmputers, basic mbile phnes, and bx-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived n the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phnes, and LCD TVs entered hmes in 2002, befre tablets and e-readers shwed up in 2007.
As we accumulated mre devices, hwever, we didn't thrw ut ur ld nes. "The living-rm televisin is replaced and gets planted in the kids' rm, and suddenly ne day, yu have a TV in every rm f the huse," said ne researcher. The average number f electrnic devices rse frm fur per husehld in 1992 t 13 in 2007. We're nt just keeping these ld devices — we cntinue t use them. Accrding t the analysis f Babbitt's team, ld desktp mnitrs and bx TVs with cathde ray tubes are the wrst devices with their energy cnsumptin and cntributin t greenhuse gas emissins（排放）mre than dubling during the 1992 t 2007 windw.
S what's the slutin（解决方案）? The team's data nly went up t 2007, but the researchers als explred what wuld happen if cnsumers replaced ld prducts with new electrnics that serve mre than ne functin, such as a tablet fr wrd prcessing and TV viewing. They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.
32. What des the authr think f new devices?
A. They are envirnment-friendly.B. They are n better than the ld.
C. They cst mre t use at hme.D. They g ut f style quickly.
33. Why did Babbitt's team cnduct the research?
A. T reduce the cst f minerals.
B. T test the life cycle f a prduct.
C. T update cnsumers n new technlgy.
D. T find ut electricity cnsumptin f the devices.
34. Which f the fllwing uses the least energy?
A. The bx-set TV.B. The tablet.
C. The LCD TV.D. The desktp cmputer.
35. What des the text suggest peple d abut ld electrnic devices?
A. Stp using them.B. Take them apart.
C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
本文是一篇科普说明文。文章指出纽约罗彻斯特理工学院的Callie Babbitt和她的同事研究证实：旧电子设备要比新设备耗能高，所以作者主张使用新电子设备，既经济又环保。
【32题详解】
观点态度题。根据文章第一段中的That’s bad news fr the envirnment – and ur wallets – as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.可知，使用旧的电子设备对环境和我们的钱包都是坏消息。这些过时的设备做相同的事情要消耗比新设备更多的能量。由此推知作者认为新电子设备环保、节能。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的T figure ut hw much pwer these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her clleagues at the Rchester Institute f Technlgy in New Yrk tracked the envirnmental csts fr each prduct thrughut its life可知，Babbitt’s team研究的目的是弄清楚这些设备用了多少电。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.可知，平板电脑是耗能最少的电子设备，可以降低44%的耗能。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的整体内容可知，因为旧的电子设备耗能高，不环保。所以作者建议停止使用旧的电子设备。故选A。
点睛：熟悉比较句型是彻底理解本文的关键，也是解题的关键。本文中的比较句型：
1. That’s bad news fr the envirnment – and ur wallets – as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the news nes that d the same things
做同样的事，旧的过时的装置比新装置消耗更多能源，对环境有害，浪费钱财。
2. Accrding t the analysis f Babbitt’s team, ld desktp mnitrs and bx TVs with cathde ray tubes are the wrst devices with their energy cnsumptin and cntributin t greenhuse gas emissins (排放) mre than dubling during the 1992 t 2007 windw.
根据Babbitt团队的分析，旧的桌面显示器和阴极射线管箱式电视机是最差的电子设备，它们的耗能和温室气体的排放是1992到2007windw的两倍还多。
3. They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.他们发现在平板电脑上看的随需变化的娱乐节目比在电视和电脑上看耗能减少了44%。
第二节
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Clr is fundamental in hme design—smething yu’ll always have in every rm. A grasp f hw t manage clr in yur spaces is ne f the first steps t creating rms yu’ll lve t live in. D yu want a rm that’s full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place t relax after a lng day? _____36_____, clr is the key t making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel.
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. _____37_____, they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there’re really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
_____38_____. They’re the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. _____39_____. They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu’re lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant. _____40_____.
A. While all f them are useful
B. Whatever yu’re lking fr
C. If yu’re experimenting with a clr
D. Small clr chices are the nes we’re mst familiar with
E. It’s nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F. S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G. Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. G 40. F
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。
【36题详解】
36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除D,E,F,G项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。
【37题详解】
前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。所以A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。
【38题详解】
本空是一个主题句，总说选择小型颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小型颜色选择具体用于哪些。故选D。
【39题详解】
根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”，接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是比小型颜色选择在两种方式上更高一级，故选G。
【40题详解】
根据前文the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant（你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的），后文F项（那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好）是上文的结果。故选F。
点睛：关键词法解决阅读填空题是一种有效的方法。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
37题A选项中的them 指代上文中的 different techniques 和下文中的they 指代内容相同。
38题上一段末尾提到要介绍三种颜色选择，本段详细介绍第一种small clr chice.选项和语段中都有关键词small clr chice。
39题本段主要内容是medium clr chice, 前半句承接上文中medium是small的升级，后半句引出下文的两种方式。关键词：tw majr ways和 …。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 完形填空
During my secnd year at the city cllege，I was tld that the educatin department was ffering a "free"curse, called Thinking Chess, fr three credits. I ____41____the idea f taking the class because, after all, wh desn't want t ____42____ a few dllars? Mre than that, I'd always wanted t learn chess. And, even if I weren’t ____43____enugh abut free credits, news abut ur ____44____was appealing enugh t me. He was an internatinal grandmaster, which ____45____ I wuld be learning frm ne f the game's ____46____. I culd hardly wait t ____47____him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a frmer graduate returning t teach, and this ____48____was n game fr him: he meant business. In his intrductin, he made it ____49____that ur credits wuld be hard-earned. In rder t _____50_____the class, amng ther criteria, we had t write a paper n hw we plan t _____51_____what we wuld learn in class t ur future prfessins and, _____52_____, t ur lives. I managed t get an A in that _____53_____and learned life lessns that have served me well beynd the _____54_____.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting t use what he _____55_____me: “The abslute mst imprtant _____56_____that yu learn when yu play chess is hw t make gd _____57_____. On every single mve yu have t _____58_____a situatin, prcess what yur ppnent(对手）is ding and _____59_____the best mve frm amng all yur ptins.”These wrds still ring true tday in my _____60_____as a jurnalist.
41. A. put frwardB. jumped atC. tried utD. turned dwn
42. A. wasteB. earnC. saveD. pay
43. A. excitedB. wrriedC. mvedD. tired
44. A. titleB. cmpetitrC. textbkD. instructr
45. A. urgedB. demandedC. heldD. meant
46. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD. rarest
47. A. interviewB. meetC. challengeD. beat
48. A. chanceB. qualificatinC. hnrD. jb
49. A. realB. perfectC. clearD. pssible
50. A. attendB. passC. skipD. bserve
51. A. addB. expseC. applyD. cmpare
52. A. eventuallyB. naturallyC. directlyD. nrmally
53. A. gameB. presentatinC. curseD. experiment
54. A. criterinB. classrmC. departmentD. situatin
55 A. taughtB. wrteC. questinedD. prmised
56. A. factB. stepC. mannerD. skill
57. A. gradesB. decisinsC. impressinsD. cmments
58. A. analyzeB. describeC. rebuildD. cntrl
59. A. annunceB. signalC. blckD. evaluate
60. A. rleB. desireC. cncernD. behavir
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. D 60. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者在大二学的免费课程——下象棋及这门课程对作者生活的深远指导作用。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接受这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. put frward提出；B. jumped at急于接受；C. tried ut尝试；D. turned dwn拒绝。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接受这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. waste浪费；B. earn赚钱；C. save节省；D. pay付钱。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息就足以吸引我。A. excited激动的；兴奋的；B. wrried担心的；C. mved感动的；D. tired劳累的。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的消息就足以吸引我。A. title头衔；题目；B. cmpetitr竞赛者；C. textbk教科书；D. instructr导师。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. urged督促；B. demanded要求；C. held握住；D. meant意味着。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. fastest最快的；B. easiest最容易的；C. best最好的；D. rarest最稀少的。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想见到他。A. interview面试；B. meet见面；C. challenge挑战；D. beat击败。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。A. chance机会；B. qualificatin合格；C. hnr荣誉；D. jb工作。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：在他的介绍中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。A. real真实的；B. perfect完美的；C. clear清楚的；D. pssible可能的。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用于未来的职业中。A. attend参加；B. pass通过；C. skip跳跃；D. bserve遵守。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。apply把……运用于……
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。A. eventually最终；B. naturally自然地；C. directly直接地；D. nrmally正常地。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我设法在这个课程中获得了个A。A. game游戏；B. presentatin介绍；陈述；C. curse课程；D. experiment实验。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。A. criterin标准；B. classrm教室；C. department部门；系；D. situatin情况。beynd the classrm课堂之外，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和Ashley学了象棋课程之后10年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。A. taught教；B. wrte写；C. questined提问；D. prmised承诺。故选A。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. fact事实；B. step步；C. manner方式；D. skill技能。故选D。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. grades等级；B. decisins决定；C. impressins印象；D. cmments评论。故选B。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。A. analyze分析；B. describe描述；C. rebuild重建；D. cntrl控制。故选A。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。A. annunce宣布；B. signal发信号；C. blck阻塞；D. evaluate评估。故选D。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。A. rle角色；B. desire欲望；要求；C. cncern涉及，关系到；D. behavir行为。故选A。
【点睛】高考复习时，注意熟词生意的短语是很重要的。本文中的jump at意为：急于接受。此处jump是一个熟词，但这个短语的意思学生比较陌生，这样就会导致学生不知道意思而束手无策。
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Accrding t a review f evidence in a medical jurnal, runners live three years ____61____(lng) than nn-runners. Yu dn't have t run fast r fr lng____62____(see)the benefit. Yu may drink, smke, be verweight and still reduce yur risk f ____63____ (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make yu live frever, the review says it ____64____ (be) mre effective at lengthening life____65____ walking, cycling r swimming. Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014____66____shwed a mere five t 10 minutes A day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all ____67____(cause).
The best exercise is ne that yu enjy and will d. But therwise… it's prbably running. T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surfaces, d exercises t____68____(strength)yur leg muscles(肌肉),avid hills and get gd running shes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always____69____(energy).If yu are time pr, yu need run fr nly half the time t get the same benefits as ther sprts, s perhaps we shuld all give_____70_____a try.
【答案】61. lnger
62. t see 63. dying
64. is 65. than
66. that \which
67. causes 68. strengthen
69. energetic
70. it \running
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们减少疾病发生，延年益寿。
【61题详解】
考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填lnger。
【62题详解】
考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑的太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填t see。
【63题详解】
考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处f是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
【64题详解】
考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is。
【65题详解】
考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的mre effective可知，此处填than。
【66题详解】
考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。
67题详解】
考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。空格处做frm的宾语，前面有all可知，要用名词复数形式。故填causes。
【68题详解】
考查词形变化。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处t是不定式符号，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。
【69题详解】
考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据it’s可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。
【70题详解】
考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it或running。
点睛：本文比较难的一个题是10题。短语give it a try不容易想出来。give a try试试。give sb sth；give sth t sb这些短语学生都很清楚。但give后加it或sth的形式，比较少见。高考复习要尽可能多的复习相关的短语，尤其是用的比较多，而课本中出现较少的短语。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。
删除：把多余的用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
71. During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and anther animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f chicken. They als had a small pnd, which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had imprved. At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return fr every tw years, but he agreed.
【答案】During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and animals. Last winter when I went again, they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f . They als had a small pnd they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by the fish. I felt that their life had imprved. At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return every tw years, he agreed.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。
1. cuntryside前加the 考查冠词。去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词the。
2. find改成fund 考查动词时态。根据文章中的During my last winter hliday可知，事件发生在过去，故用过去时。故将find改成fund。
3. anther改成ther 考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。anther表示“总数为三个以上中任意的另一个”，ther表示“别的”，“另外的”，只能与复数名词连用。根据后面的animals可知，将anther改成ther。
4. here改成there 考查副词及语意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故将here改成there。
5. chicken改成chickens 考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dzens f可知，其后用名词复数形式。
6. which前加in或改为where 考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pnd是先行词，其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用in which或where。
7. sell改成selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。
8. happily改成happy 考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。felt在此是系动词，要用形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。
9. 删除fr 考查介词的用法。时间名词有every，each，last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除fr。
10. but改成and 考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将but改成and。
点睛：本文中第9处改错是学生容易忽视的考点。时间名词有every，each，last，this，that等词修饰时，其前不用介词。
例：We are ging t fish this mrning.
I finished the curse last winter hliday.
第二节 书面表达
72. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括：
（1）到达时间；
（2）合适的礼物；
（3）餐桌礼仪。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Terry,
Hw are yu ding? Learning that yu are abut t pay a visit t a Chinese friend and cnfused abut the Chinese custms, I am writing t infrm yu f sme relevant details.
Firstly, I wuld like t suggest that yu arrive 5 t 10 minutes earlier, which is cmmn in Chinese traditinal culture. Secndly, if I were yu, I wuld bring sme gifts with me, such as suvenirs frm my wn cuntry. Besides, table manners are als what yu shuld pay attentin t. Fr example, yu are nt suppsed t stick yur chpsticks int yur fd. Instead, laying them n yur dish is a smart chice.
Hpefully, these suggestins will be helpful fr yu.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
本文是一篇书信类应用文写作。餐桌礼仪也是考生比较熟悉的话题。成文时注意以下几点：一、内容要点要齐全1．到达时间；2．合适的礼物；3．餐桌礼仪。二、时态：主要用一般现在时和将来时；三、人称：二、三人称。四、注意使用恰当的高级词汇、短语或句型，以提高作文的水平；五、适当使用一些连接词和插入语，使文章表达自然、流畅。
点睛：本文虽然看起来比较容易，但学生真正动起笔来，还是比较困惑的。原因为：1.看起来中国餐桌礼仪很熟悉，但内容很多，一时间不知道该写什么；2.100单词左右，写出到达时间；合适的礼物；餐桌礼仪三个内容，信息量大，选择有困难；
应对方法：近年来高考写作的命题常用的思想就是高起点低落点。高起点题目很高，中国文化，中国故事，中国礼仪等等，但最终都把它们落在应用文的框架里，这就是低落点。写这样的作文，一定要注意不能写过于具体的内容，要找最重要的，最熟悉的写，不要面面俱到，中国餐桌礼仪内容太多，100单词无法写。找重点，以点带面。但选择重要内容本身就是一种能力。
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will James d tmrrw ?
A. Watch a TV prgram.B. Give a talk.C. Write a reprt.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】Text 1 W: James, yu've been watching TV fr the whle evening. What's n? M: It's a science prgram n the rigin f the universe. I'll give a presentatin n it in my class tmrrw.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we say abut the wman?
A. She's generus.B. She's curius.C. She's helpful.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】Text 2 M: Hell, d yu have "The Best f Mzart"? W: Um, srry, we've just sld ut. But we can rder ne fr yu. If yu give us yur number, we'll call yu when the CD arrives.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When des the train leave?
A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】Text 3 W: We'd better be ging nw, r we'll be late fr the train. M: N rush. It's 8:30 nw. We still have tw hurs.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw des the wman g t wrk?
A. By car.B. On ft.C. By bike.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】Text 4 M: I am s tired f driving all thse hurs t wrk. W: Yeah. I knw what yu mean. I used t drive tw hurs t wrk each way. But nw, I live within walking distance f my ffice. I dn't even need a bike.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Dctr and patient.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】Text 5 W: Hi, Andy. I didn't see yu in Prfessr Smith's class yesterday. What happened? M: Well, I had a headache. S, I called him and asked fr sick leave.
第二节
听第6段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What des the wman regret?
A. Giving up her research.
B. Drpping ut f cllege.
C. Changing her majr.
7. What is the wman interested in studying nw?
A. Eclgy.B. Educatin.C. Chemistry.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】Text 6 W: The biggest mistake I made, leaving cllege in my last year and nt cmpleting my educatin. S, I', thinking f ging back t schl. M: Schl? T study what? W: Eclgy. I'm interested in the relatinship between humans and nature. M: Cl. Is it what yu studied years ag? M: N, I majred in chemistry then.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the man?
A. A htel manager.B. A tur guide.C. A taxi driver.
9. What is the man ding fr the wman?
A. Lking fr sme lcal fds.
B. Shwing her arund the seaside.
C. Offering infrmatin abut a htel.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】Text 7 M: Gd mrning, madam. I am yur guide fr this trip. W: Hw lvely! Culd yu tell me abut the htel I'm ging t stay at? M: Yes, f curse. The Grand Htel pened in 1990. And it sits n the seaside alng the Suth Cast Highway. It is the mst beautiful htel here. W: That sunds great. M: And there are sme restaurants utside. S, at dinnertime, yu'd have a lt f chices. W: That's really nice. I like t have sme lcal fds while traveling. What abut the scenery arund it? M: The htel has the best views f the Pacific Ocean. W: Oh, I think I will lve this htel.
听第8段材料，完成下面小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In an ffice.B. At hme.C. At a restaurant.
11. What will the speakers d tmrrw evening?
A. G t a cncert.B. Visit a friend.C. Wrk extra hurs.
12. Wh is Alice ging t call?
A. Mike.B. Jan.C. Catherine.
【答案】10 C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】Text 8 W: Hi, Mike. M: Hi, Alice. Nice t see yu. Yu dn't ften cme here. W: I usually have fast fd delivered t my ffice. Just came here fr a change tday. M: The envirnment here is gd - clean and relatively quiet. W: Yeah, and I heard the fd is tasty. By the way, are yu ging t the cncert tmrrw evening? M: Yes, are yu? W: Yeah. Catherine was suppsed t g with me. But she may have t wrk extra hurs tmrrw. D yu knw anyne wh might like t g? M: N. But if yu like, I can ask arund. Uh, Jan might want t g. W: Oh, yes. She's a great fan f classical music. I'll give her a ring after lunch.
听第9段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Why des the wman meet the man?
A. T lk at an apartment.
B. T deliver sme furniture.
C. T have a meal tgether.
14. What des the wman like abut the carpet?
A. Its clr.B. Its design.C. Its quality.
15. What des the man say abut the kitchen?
A. It's a gd size.B. It's newly painted.C. It's adequately equipped .
16. What will the wman prbably d next?
A. G dwntwn.B. Talk with her friend.C. Make payment.
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】Text 9 W: Hi, I've nly just arrived. M: Oh, gd. Nw, here are the keys. Let's g in. There are tw apartments. The ne fr rent is n the right. D cme in. W: Thank yu. I like the carpet. The clr is nice, isn't it? M: Yes, and this apartment is in gd cnditin. Here is yur lunge. W: Where wuld we eat? M: There is this crner here, r yu can use yur kitchen. Cme and see. W: The kitchen is quite small. M: Yes, but it has everything - cker, fridge, even a dishwasher. W: And there are lts f cupbards. M: Let me shw yu the bedrms. This is the smaller ne. W: It's a gd size, thugh. M: Nw cme int the ther bedrm. Yu can see the bathrm, t. W: Yes. It is very nice, but I will have t ask my friend first. And we will cme tgether. I understand it is $800 a mnth. M: Yes, but a few blcks dwntwn wuld be much mre expensive. W: Well, thank yu. I will be in tuch.
听第10段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. Mvie fans.B. News reprters.C. Cllege students.
18. When did the speaker take English classes?
A. Befre he left his hmetwn.
B. After he came t America.
C. When he was 15 years ld.
19. Hw des the speaker feel abut his teacher?
A. He's prud.B. He's sympathetic.C. He's grateful.
20 What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Hw educatin shaped his life.
B. Hw his language skills imprved.
C. Hw he managed his business well.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Text 10 Thank yu very much. Thank yu, Dr. Jhnsn. Well, it is really great t be back at university again. The thing that I wanted t tell yu tday is this: Educatin is imprtant. When I came t the US, I was nly thinking abut being a carpenter, but I culd nt read the newspaper. And I culd nt understand the news n televisin r mvies r anything like this. S, I entered the city cllege t take English classes fr freign students. I was very prud that I was ging t a cllege because n ne in my family ever went t any cllege r t any university. Yu knw, when yu’re 15 years ld in my cuntry, yu finish schl and then yu learn a trade. And that’s exactly what I did. When I was 15 years ld, I learned hw t be a carpenter. A year later, I came t America. Luckily, I met a very gd teacher wh encuraged me t take sme math classes, business classes, and histry classes, and I became a full-time cllege student. And tday, when I lk back, I’m s happy because yu never knw where life will take yu. All f a sudden, I started making mney because I was really gd at math. Yu knw, hw t wrk ut everything with math is s imprtant. This is smething that I learned when I started my wn business, which is ding really well.
第二部分
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Washingtn, D.C. Bicycle Turs
Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.
Duratin: 3 hurs
This small grup bike tur is a fantastic way t see a wrld-famus cherry trees with beautiful flwers f Washingtn, D.C. Yur guide will prvide a histry lessn abut the trees and the famus mnuments where they blssm. Reserve yur spt befre availability — the cherry blssms—disappear!
Washingtn Capital Mnuments Bicycle Tur
Duratin: 3 hurs (4 miles)
Jin a guided bike tur and view sme f the mst ppular mnuments in Washingtn, D.C. Explre the mnuments and memrials n the Natinal Mall as yur guide shares unique facts and histry at each stp. Guided tur includes bike, helmet, ckies and bttled water.
Capital City Bike Tur In Washingtn, D.C.
Duratin: 3 hurs
Mrning r Afternn, this bike tur is the perfect tur fr D. C. newcmers and lcals lking t experience Washingtn, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effrt. Knwledgeable guides will entertain yu with the mst, interesting stries abut Presidents, Cngress, memrials, and parks. Cmfrtable bikes and a smth tur rute(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur
Duratin: 3 hurs (7miles)
Jin a small grup bike tur fr an evening f explratin in the heart f Washingtn, D.C. Get up clse t the mnuments and memrials as yu bike the sites f Capitl Hill and the Natinal Mall. Frequent stps are made fr pht taking as yur guide ffers unique facts and histry. Tur includes bike, helmet, and bttled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
21. Which tur d yu need t bk in advance?
A. Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.
B. Washingtn Capital Mnuments Bicycle Tur.
C. Capital City Bike Tur in Washingtn.
D. Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur.
22. What will yu d n the Capital City Bike Tur?
A. Meet famus peple.B. G t a natinal park.
C. Visit well-knwn museums.D. Enjy interesting stries.
23. Which f the fllwing des the bicycle tur at night prvide?
A. City maps.B. Cameras.
C. Meals.D. Safety lights.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了在Washingtn, D.C. 骑自行车旅行的四条路线的相关行程及注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.中的Reserve yur spt befre availability可知，这个骑行项目需要提前预约。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Capital City Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.中的Knwledgeable guides will entertain yu with the mst interesting stries abut Presidents, Cngress, memrials, and parks.可知，在这个活动中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur中的All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选D。
【点睛】本篇文章最容易出错的题是21题，究其原因是不熟悉词汇reserve的词义：预约。in advance意为“提前“。因此，高考前熟悉词汇和短语是重中之重的事情。Reserve yur spt befre availability — and the cherry blssms — disappear在有效期和樱花消失前预约。
Gd Mrning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used t grilling guests n the sfa every mrning, but she is cking up a strm in her latest rle — shwing families hw t prepare delicius and nutritius meals n a tight budget.
In Save Mney: Gd Fd, she visits a different hme each week and with the help f chef Matt Tebbutt ffers tp tips n hw t reduce fd waste, while preparing recipes fr under £5 per family a day. And the Gd Mrning Britain presenter says she’s been able t put a lt f what she’s leant int practice in her wn hme, preparing meals fr sns, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11.
"We lve Mexican churrs, s I buy them n my phne frm my lcal Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 fr a prtin(一份), but Matt makes them fr 26p a prtin, because they are flur, water, sugar and il. Everybdy can buy takeaway fd, but smetimes we’re nt aware hw cheaply we can make this fd urselves. "
The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Mney: Gd Fd, fllws in the ftsteps f ITV’s Save Mney: Gd Health, which gave viewers advice n hw t get value frm the vast range f health prducts n the market.
With fd ur biggest weekly husehld expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tnight’s Easter special they cme t the aid f a family in need f sme delicius inspiratin n a budget. The team transfrms the family’s lng weekend f celebratin with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
24. What d we knw abut Susanna Reid?
A. She enjys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new prgramme.
C. She dislikes wrking early in the mrning.D. She has had a light budget fr her family.
25. Hw des Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
A. He buys cking materials fr her.B. He prepares fd fr her kids.
C. He assists her in cking matters.D. He invites guest families fr her.
26. What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 4?
A. Summarize the previus paragraphs.B. Prvide sme advice fr the readers.
C. Add sme backgrund infrmatin.D. Intrduce a new tpic fr discussin.
27. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily Diet
C. Making yurself a Perfect ChefD. Cking Well fr Less
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一档英国电视节目，给观众介绍如何减少食物浪费以及如何以较少的预算做出美味佳肴。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段Gd Mrning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used t grilling guests n the sfa every mrning, but she is cking up a strm in her latest rle可知，她开辟了一个新的节目。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的In Save Mney: Gd Fd, she visits a different hme each week and with the help f chef Matt Tebbutt ffers tp tips n hw t reduce fd waste, while preparing recipes fr under £5 per family a day.可知，Susanna在厨师Matt Tebbutt的帮助下，提供如何减少食物浪费同时花费低于£5的一个家庭一整天的食谱。故选C。解题关键词：同义词表达with the help f和help。
【26题详解】
写作意图题。根据文章第四段中的which gave viewers advice n hw t get value frm the vast range f health prducts n the market.可知，Save Mney: Gd Fd节目是Save Mney: Gd Health节目之后，给观众一些建议：如何从市场上众多的健康产品中获取价值。也就是给这个节目补充背景信息，故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨要义题。根据文章的整体内容可知，文章作者一直在讲如何用较少的钱做出好的食物。根据文章中的prepare delicius and nutritius meals n a tight budget.（在资金紧张的情况下，准备可口且有营养的饭菜）；hw t reduce fd waste, while preparing recipes fr under £5 per family a day. 如何减少食物浪费同时花费低于£5的一个家庭一整天的食谱；hw cheaply we can make this fd urselves. 我们自己做这种食物有多便宜；less expensive but still tasty recipes.不贵但仍然可口的食谱。故D项Cking Well fr Less是最佳标题。
【点睛】本篇文章学生感到比较难的是26题，很多学生不知道作者在说什么，不明白作者的意图，感到很茫然。根据文章中的Save Mney: Gd Fd, fllws in the ftsteps f ITV's Save Mney: Gd Health,…可知作者是为读者介绍了Save Mney这个节目是怎么来的，即是背景信息。
Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging. When the wrld was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther. Sme language experts believe that 10,000 years ag, when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Sn afterwards, many f thse peple started settling dwn t becme farmers, and their languages t became mre settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrializatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages. Often spken by many peple while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 Languages: the Americas abut 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number(中位数) f speakers is a mere 6，000, which means that half the wrlds languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f 6,800 languages are clse t extinctin(消亡), with nly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at randm, Busuu in Camern (eight remaining speakers), Chiapanec in Mexic(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(tw r three) r Wadjigu in Australia (ne, with a questin-mark): nne f these seems t have much chance f survival.
28. What can we infer abut languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They develped very fast.B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patters.D. They were clsely cnnected
29. Which f the fllwing best explains "dminant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A. Cmplex.B. Advanced.
C. Pwerful.D. Mdern.
30. Hw many languages are spken by less than 6, 000 peple at present?
A. Abut 6,800 .B. Abut 3,400
C. Abut 2,400D. Abut 1,200.
31. What is the main idea f the text?
A. New languages will be created.
B. Peples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human develpment results in fewer languages.
D. Gegraphy determines language evlutin.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的When the wrld was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther... when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人组成的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式……当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。
【29题详解】
猜测词义题。根据文章第二段中的dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dminant languages意为“强有力的语言”。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages.和The median number (中位数) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld’s languages are spken by fewer peple than that. 可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。
点睛：长难句解读
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
分析：dminant前的and连接两个并列句，all和前面的名词短语trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins是同位语。
句意：在最近的几个世纪，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的普及，尤其是过去几十年来，全球化和更好的交流，这些都导致许多语言消失。而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言正日益占据主导地位。
We may think we're a culture that gets rid f ur wrn technlgy at the first sight f smething shiny and new, but a new study shws that we keep using ur ld devices(装置) well after they g ut f style. That’s bad news fr the envirnment — and ur wallets — as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.
T figure ut hw much pwer these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her clleagues at the Rchester Institute f Technlgy in New Yrk tracked the envirnmental csts fr each prduct thrughut its life — frm when its minerals are mined t when we stp using the device. This methd prvided a readut fr hw hme energy use has evlved since the early 1990s. Devices were gruped by generatin — Desktp cmputers, basic mbile phnes, and bx-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived n the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phnes, and LCD TVs entered hmes in 2002, befre tablets and e-readers shwed up in 2007.
As we accumulated mre devices, hwever, we didn't thrw ut ur ld nes. "The living-rm televisin is replaced and gets planted in the kids' rm, and suddenly ne day, yu have a TV in every rm f the huse," said ne researcher. The average number f electrnic devices rse frm fur per husehld in 1992 t 13 in 2007. We're nt just keeping these ld devices — we cntinue t use them. Accrding t the analysis f Babbitt's team, ld desktp mnitrs and bx TVs with cathde ray tubes are the wrst devices with their energy cnsumptin and cntributin t greenhuse gas emissins（排放）mre than dubling during the 1992 t 2007 windw.
S what's the slutin（解决方案）? The team's data nly went up t 2007, but the researchers als explred what wuld happen if cnsumers replaced ld prducts with new electrnics that serve mre than ne functin, such as a tablet fr wrd prcessing and TV viewing. They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.
32. What des the authr think f new devices?
A. They are envirnment-friendly.B. They are n better than the ld.
C. They cst mre t use at hme.D. They g ut f style quickly.
33. Why did Babbitt's team cnduct the research?
A. T reduce the cst f minerals.
B. T test the life cycle f a prduct.
C. T update cnsumers n new technlgy.
D. T find ut electricity cnsumptin f the devices.
34. Which f the fllwing uses the least energy?
A. The bx-set TV.B. The tablet.
C. The LCD TV.D. The desktp cmputer.
35. What des the text suggest peple d abut ld electrnic devices?
A. Stp using them.B. Take them apart.
C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
本文是一篇科普说明文。文章指出纽约罗彻斯特理工学院的Callie Babbitt和她的同事研究证实：旧电子设备要比新设备耗能高，所以作者主张使用新电子设备，既经济又环保。
【32题详解】
观点态度题。根据文章第一段中的That’s bad news fr the envirnment – and ur wallets – as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.可知，使用旧的电子设备对环境和我们的钱包都是坏消息。这些过时的设备做相同的事情要消耗比新设备更多的能量。由此推知作者认为新电子设备环保、节能。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的T figure ut hw much pwer these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her clleagues at the Rchester Institute f Technlgy in New Yrk tracked the envirnmental csts fr each prduct thrughut its life可知，Babbitt’s team研究的目的是弄清楚这些设备用了多少电。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.可知，平板电脑是耗能最少的电子设备，可以降低44%的耗能。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的整体内容可知，因为旧的电子设备耗能高，不环保。所以作者建议停止使用旧的电子设备。故选A。
点睛：熟悉比较句型是彻底理解本文的关键，也是解题的关键。本文中的比较句型：
1. That’s bad news fr the envirnment – and ur wallets – as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the news nes that d the same things
做同样的事，旧的过时的装置比新装置消耗更多能源，对环境有害，浪费钱财。
2. Accrding t the analysis f Babbitt’s team, ld desktp mnitrs and bx TVs with cathde ray tubes are the wrst devices with their energy cnsumptin and cntributin t greenhuse gas emissins (排放) mre than dubling during the 1992 t 2007 windw.
根据Babbitt团队的分析，旧的桌面显示器和阴极射线管箱式电视机是最差的电子设备，它们的耗能和温室气体的排放是1992到2007windw的两倍还多。
3. They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.他们发现在平板电脑上看的随需变化的娱乐节目比在电视和电脑上看耗能减少了44%。
第二节
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Clr is fundamental in hme design—smething yu’ll always have in every rm. A grasp f hw t manage clr in yur spaces is ne f the first steps t creating rms yu’ll lve t live in. D yu want a rm that’s full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place t relax after a lng day? _____36_____, clr is the key t making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel.
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. _____37_____, they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there’re really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
_____38_____. They’re the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. _____39_____. They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu’re lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant. _____40_____.
A. While all f them are useful
B. Whatever yu’re lking fr
C. If yu’re experimenting with a clr
D. Small clr chices are the nes we’re mst familiar with
E. It’s nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F. S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G. Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. G 40. F
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。
【36题详解】
36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除D,E,F,G项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。
【37题详解】
前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。所以A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。
【38题详解】
本空是一个主题句，总说选择小型颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小型颜色选择具体用于哪些。故选D。
【39题详解】
根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”，接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是比小型颜色选择在两种方式上更高一级，故选G。
【40题详解】
根据前文the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant（你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的），后文F项（那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好）是上文的结果。故选F。
点睛：关键词法解决阅读填空题是一种有效的方法。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
37题A选项中的them 指代上文中的 different techniques 和下文中的they 指代内容相同。
38题上一段末尾提到要介绍三种颜色选择，本段详细介绍第一种small clr chice.选项和语段中都有关键词small clr chice。
39题本段主要内容是medium clr chice, 前半句承接上文中medium是small的升级，后半句引出下文的两种方式。关键词：tw majr ways和 …。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 完形填空
During my secnd year at the city cllege，I was tld that the educatin department was ffering a "free"curse, called Thinking Chess, fr three credits. I ____41____the idea f taking the class because, after all, wh desn't want t ____42____ a few dllars? Mre than that, I'd always wanted t learn chess. And, even if I weren’t ____43____enugh abut free credits, news abut ur ____44____was appealing enugh t me. He was an internatinal grandmaster, which ____45____ I wuld be learning frm ne f the game's ____46____. I culd hardly wait t ____47____him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a frmer graduate returning t teach, and this ____48____was n game fr him: he meant business. In his intrductin, he made it ____49____that ur credits wuld be hard-earned. In rder t _____50_____the class, amng ther criteria, we had t write a paper n hw we plan t _____51_____what we wuld learn in class t ur future prfessins and, _____52_____, t ur lives. I managed t get an A in that _____53_____and learned life lessns that have served me well beynd the _____54_____.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting t use what he _____55_____me: “The abslute mst imprtant _____56_____that yu learn when yu play chess is hw t make gd _____57_____. On every single mve yu have t _____58_____a situatin, prcess what yur ppnent(对手）is ding and _____59_____the best mve frm amng all yur ptins.”These wrds still ring true tday in my _____60_____as a jurnalist.
41. A. put frwardB. jumped atC. tried utD. turned dwn
42. A. wasteB. earnC. saveD. pay
43. A. excitedB. wrriedC. mvedD. tired
44. A. titleB. cmpetitrC. textbkD. instructr
45. A. urgedB. demandedC. heldD. meant
46. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD. rarest
47. A. interviewB. meetC. challengeD. beat
48. A. chanceB. qualificatinC. hnrD. jb
49. A. realB. perfectC. clearD. pssible
50. A. attendB. passC. skipD. bserve
51. A. addB. expseC. applyD. cmpare
52. A. eventuallyB. naturallyC. directlyD. nrmally
53. A. gameB. presentatinC. curseD. experiment
54. A. criterinB. classrmC. departmentD. situatin
55 A. taughtB. wrteC. questinedD. prmised
56. A. factB. stepC. mannerD. skill
57. A. gradesB. decisinsC. impressinsD. cmments
58. A. analyzeB. describeC. rebuildD. cntrl
59. A. annunceB. signalC. blckD. evaluate
60. A. rleB. desireC. cncernD. behavir
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. D 60. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者在大二学的免费课程——下象棋及这门课程对作者生活的深远指导作用。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接受这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. put frward提出；B. jumped at急于接受；C. tried ut尝试；D. turned dwn拒绝。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接受这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. waste浪费；B. earn赚钱；C. save节省；D. pay付钱。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息就足以吸引我。A. excited激动的；兴奋的；B. wrried担心的；C. mved感动的；D. tired劳累的。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的消息就足以吸引我。A. title头衔；题目；B. cmpetitr竞赛者；C. textbk教科书；D. instructr导师。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. urged督促；B. demanded要求；C. held握住；D. meant意味着。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. fastest最快的；B. easiest最容易的；C. best最好的；D. rarest最稀少的。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想见到他。A. interview面试；B. meet见面；C. challenge挑战；D. beat击败。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。A. chance机会；B. qualificatin合格；C. hnr荣誉；D. jb工作。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：在他的介绍中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。A. real真实的；B. perfect完美的；C. clear清楚的；D. pssible可能的。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用于未来的职业中。A. attend参加；B. pass通过；C. skip跳跃；D. bserve遵守。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。apply把……运用于……
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。A. eventually最终；B. naturally自然地；C. directly直接地；D. nrmally正常地。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我设法在这个课程中获得了个A。A. game游戏；B. presentatin介绍；陈述；C. curse课程；D. experiment实验。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。A. criterin标准；B. classrm教室；C. department部门；系；D. situatin情况。beynd the classrm课堂之外，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和Ashley学了象棋课程之后10年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。A. taught教；B. wrte写；C. questined提问；D. prmised承诺。故选A。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. fact事实；B. step步；C. manner方式；D. skill技能。故选D。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. grades等级；B. decisins决定；C. impressins印象；D. cmments评论。故选B。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。A. analyze分析；B. describe描述；C. rebuild重建；D. cntrl控制。故选A。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。A. annunce宣布；B. signal发信号；C. blck阻塞；D. evaluate评估。故选D。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。A. rle角色；B. desire欲望；要求；C. cncern涉及，关系到；D. behavir行为。故选A。
【点睛】高考复习时，注意熟词生意的短语是很重要的。本文中的jump at意为：急于接受。此处jump是一个熟词，但这个短语的意思学生比较陌生，这样就会导致学生不知道意思而束手无策。
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Accrding t a review f evidence in a medical jurnal, runners live three years ____61____(lng) than nn-runners. Yu dn't have t run fast r fr lng____62____(see)the benefit. Yu may drink, smke, be verweight and still reduce yur risk f ____63____ (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make yu live frever, the review says it ____64____ (be) mre effective at lengthening life____65____ walking, cycling r swimming. Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014____66____shwed a mere five t 10 minutes A day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all ____67____(cause).
The best exercise is ne that yu enjy and will d. But therwise… it's prbably running. T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surfaces, d exercises t____68____(strength)yur leg muscles(肌肉),avid hills and get gd running shes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always____69____(energy).If yu are time pr, yu need run fr nly half the time t get the same benefits as ther sprts, s perhaps we shuld all give_____70_____a try.
【答案】61. lnger
62. t see 63. dying
64. is 65. than
66. that \which
67. causes 68. strengthen
69. energetic
70. it \running
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们减少疾病发生，延年益寿。
【61题详解】
考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填lnger。
【62题详解】
考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑的太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填t see。
【63题详解】
考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处f是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
【64题详解】
考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is。
【65题详解】
考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的mre effective可知，此处填than。
【66题详解】
考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。
67题详解】
考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。空格处做frm的宾语，前面有all可知，要用名词复数形式。故填causes。
【68题详解】
考查词形变化。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处t是不定式符号，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。
【69题详解】
考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据it’s可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。
【70题详解】
考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it或running。
点睛：本文比较难的一个题是10题。短语give it a try不容易想出来。give a try试试。give sb sth；give sth t sb这些短语学生都很清楚。但give后加it或sth的形式，比较少见。高考复习要尽可能多的复习相关的短语，尤其是用的比较多，而课本中出现较少的短语。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。
删除：把多余的用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
71. During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and anther animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f chicken. They als had a small pnd, which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had imprved. At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return fr every tw years, but he agreed.
【答案】During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and animals. Last winter when I went again, they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f . They als had a small pnd they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by the fish. I felt that their life had imprved. At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return every tw years, he agreed.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。
1. cuntryside前加the 考查冠词。去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词the。
2. find改成fund 考查动词时态。根据文章中的During my last winter hliday可知，事件发生在过去，故用过去时。故将find改成fund。
3. anther改成ther 考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。anther表示“总数为三个以上中任意的另一个”，ther表示“别的”，“另外的”，只能与复数名词连用。根据后面的animals可知，将anther改成ther。
4. here改成there 考查副词及语意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故将here改成there。
5. chicken改成chickens 考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dzens f可知，其后用名词复数形式。
6. which前加in或改为where 考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pnd是先行词，其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用in which或where。
7. sell改成selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。
8. happily改成happy 考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。felt在此是系动词，要用形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。
9. 删除fr 考查介词的用法。时间名词有every，each，last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除fr。
10. but改成and 考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将but改成and。
点睛：本文中第9处改错是学生容易忽视的考点。时间名词有every，each，last，this，that等词修饰时，其前不用介词。
例：We are ging t fish this mrning.
I finished the curse last winter hliday.
第二节 书面表达
72. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括：
（1）到达时间；
（2）合适的礼物；
（3）餐桌礼仪。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Terry,
Hw are yu ding? Learning that yu are abut t pay a visit t a Chinese friend and cnfused abut the Chinese custms, I am writing t infrm yu f sme relevant details.
Firstly, I wuld like t suggest that yu arrive 5 t 10 minutes earlier, which is cmmn in Chinese traditinal culture. Secndly, if I were yu, I wuld bring sme gifts with me, such as suvenirs frm my wn cuntry. Besides, table manners are als what yu shuld pay attentin t. Fr example, yu are nt suppsed t stick yur chpsticks int yur fd. Instead, laying them n yur dish is a smart chice.
Hpefully, these suggestins will be helpful fr yu.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
本文是一篇书信类应用文写作。餐桌礼仪也是考生比较熟悉的话题。成文时注意以下几点：一、内容要点要齐全1．到达时间；2．合适的礼物；3．餐桌礼仪。二、时态：主要用一般现在时和将来时；三、人称：二、三人称。四、注意使用恰当的高级词汇、短语或句型，以提高作文的水平；五、适当使用一些连接词和插入语，使文章表达自然、流畅。
点睛：本文虽然看起来比较容易，但学生真正动起笔来，还是比较困惑的。原因为：1.看起来中国餐桌礼仪很熟悉，但内容很多，一时间不知道该写什么；2.100单词左右，写出到达时间；合适的礼物；餐桌礼仪三个内容，信息量大，选择有困难；
应对方法：近年来高考写作的命题常用的思想就是高起点低落点。高起点题目很高，中国文化，中国故事，中国礼仪等等，但最终都把它们落在应用文的框架里，这就是低落点。写这样的作文，一定要注意不能写过于具体的内容，要找最重要的，最熟悉的写，不要面面俱到，中国餐桌礼仪内容太多，100单词无法写。找重点，以点带面。但选择重要内容本身就是一种能力。
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