2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题三第二讲　词义猜测题 课时作业 Word版含解析

这是一份2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题三第二讲　词义猜测题 课时作业 Word版含解析，共11页。
I first realized the pwer f presence many years ag when a friend’s mther passed away unexpectedly. I received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted t rush dwn there immediately, but didn’t want t intrude (打扰) n this very persnal perid f sadness. I was trn abut what t d. Anther friend with me then said, “Just g. Just be there.” I did, and I will never regret it.
Since then, I have nt hesitated t be in the presence f thers. Once I sat at the bedside f a yung man suffering frm the pain f his AIDS­related dying. He was nt awake, and bviusly unaware f thers’ presence. Hwever, the atmsphere was by n means slemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allwed him t be present with them as thugh he were still fully alive.
In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing pwer f presence. In it, nne f us are truly alne. It nt nly is smething we give t thers but als changes me fr the better.
[解题导语] 本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的意义的故事。
1．Why were the hurricane victims grateful t the authr?
A．He built shelters fr them.
B．He gave immediate first aid t them.
C．He came t stay with them.
D．He brught mental health prfessinals.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“We were there, as mental health prfessinals, t ffer ‘psychlgical first aid’ and I was struck by the simple healing pwer f presence.”可知，因为“我”在他们受灾时和他们在一起，所以他们感激“我”，故C项正确。
2．What did the authr d when his friend’s mther passed away?
A．He hesitated ver whether t g.
B．He went t his friend’s at nce.
C．He knew what t d instantly.
D．He decided nt t disturb his friend.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I wanted t rush dwn there immediately, but didn’t want t intrude (打扰) n this very persnal perid f sadness. I was trn abut what t d.”可知，“我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打扰朋友，据此可知，当朋友的母亲去世时，“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里。
3．What des the underlined wrd “slemn” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Heavy but warm.
B．A little sad but csy.
C．Relaxing and delightful.
D．Very serius and unhappy.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“His family, playing guitars and singing”可知，男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌；结合画线词所在句中的“ means”和第三段第二句中的“a yung man suffering frm the pain f his AIDS­related dying”可以判断，在家人的陪伴下，气氛并不悲伤和严肃，据此可以判断，画线词意为“严肃的”，故D项正确。
4．What has the authr learned frm his experience?
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B．Being present can make a big difference.
C．The family harmny is the happiest thing in life.
D．Being a vlunteer can make ne’s life mre significant.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句“In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing pwer f presence. In it, nne f us are truly alne.”并结合第二段的第一句可知，从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义，故B项正确。
B
(2017·重庆调研推测二)As the wrld becmes mre cnnected, the number f peple living utside their hme cuntry is n the rise. T find ut what makes expats(移民) happy in their new hmetwn, the glbal cmmunity netwrk InterNatins recently cnducted their annual Expat Insider survey.
In Malta, warm weather and nearness t Eurpe are the big draws fr this Mediterranean natin. The climate leads t a slwer pace f life.
“Sme shps have a ‘siesta’ early in the afternn, and many peple ntice slw service at the restaurants，” said an InterNatins Cnsul frm Rme. “I remember sitting at a table arund 8 p．m. nce and leaving at midnight! We nly had a starter and ne main.”
In Ecuadr, friendly peple, affrdable healthcare and tasty, cheap fd are just a few reasns as t why expats lve living in Ecuadr. Plus, the cuntry’s diverse cities give expats a lt f chices.
“The beauty f Ecuadr is the variety，” said an InterNatins ambassadr. “The peple wh cme t retire in Ecuadr ften lk fr a lwer cst f living, s the castline, the suthern part f Ecuadr and Ambat will fit this type f expat. In the case f business－minded r utging expats, Quit, Guayaquil and Cuenca are the cities t live in.” The bigger cities d cme at a cst, he warned, with higher prices fr rent and eating ut.
In New Zealand, the cuntry’s natural beauty draws peple frm acrss the wrld, and with easy access t bth cities and beaches, expats usually adpt the lcal relaxed lifestyle.
An InterNatins Ambassadr frm Hng Kng ntes that a typical Kiwi wrks 8：30 a．m. t 5 p．m., never vertime, and enjys meals and weekend activities, like huse parties, rad trips r hiking, with their family.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项目的在于弄清是什么使移民人士在新家乡感到快乐的调查研究。
5．What is InterNatins’ survey fr?
A．T study why the number f expats is n the rise.
B．T make clear what the exact number f expats is.
C．T lk int hw expats adpted their new hmetwn.
D．T discver what pleases expats in their adpted cuntries.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句T find ut what makes expats(移民) happy in their new hmetwn, the glbal cmmunity netwrk InterNatins recently cnducted their annual Expat Insider survey.可知，InterNatins的调查是为了弄清楚是什么令移民人士对他们移民的国家感到满意。故选D。
6．What des the underlined wrd “siesta” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Sale. B．Break.
C．Prmtin. D．Exhibitin.
B 解析：词义猜测题。由上文中的“slwer pace f life”可知，这些地方的生活节奏很慢，饭店的服务也很慢，由此可推知，商店在下午早早就打烊了。“siesta”应意为“休息”，与B项意思最为接近。故选B。
7．What d we knw abut the expats t Ecuadr?
A．Rich expats wuld like t live in Ambat.
B．All the expats lve the lwer cst f living.
C．Outging expats are likely t chse Cuenca.
D．The bigger cities are the best chices fr pr expats.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第五段第三句In the case f business－minded r utging expats, Quit, Guayaquil and Cuenca are the cities t live in.可知，性格外向的移民可能会选择昆卡作为定居的城市。故选C。
8．Expats chse New Zealand because f its____________．
A．special climate B．typical animals
C．natural beauty D．fast pace f life
C 解析：细节理解题。由第六段可知，移民选择新西兰主要是因为它的自然美景。故选C。
C
(2017·银川4月检测)Crssing yur legs is an extremely cmmn habit; mst peple dn’t even ntice that they’re ding it when they sit dwn. While yu may find it cmfrtable t sit with ne knee crssed ver the ther, it might be causing health prblems that yu are nt aware f.
A study published in Bld Pressure Mnitring stated that sitting with yur legs crssed can increase yur bld pressure. The reasn fr this is that the bld in yur legs has t wrk against gravity t be pumped back t yur heart and that crssing ne leg ver the ther increases resistance, making it even harder fr the bld t circulate. This causes yur bdy t increase yur bld pressure t push the bld back t the heart. Yu wn’t feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawn­ut increases in bld pressure can cause lng­term health issues. S, planning t sit fr a lng perid f time? Dn’t keep yur legs crssed.
“Crssing yur legs at the knee can als cause pressure n the majr nerve in yur leg that passes just belw yur knee and alng the utside f yur leg，” explains Richard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temprary paralysis(麻痹) f sme f the muscles in yur ft and leg, preventing yu frm being able t raise yur ankle—what we knw as that “pins__and__needles” sensatin. While the feeling f discmfrt may nly last a minute r tw, repeatedly crssing yur legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.
S next time yu sit dwn, try t get yurself in the habit f sitting with bth f yur feet n the flr. Nt nly will it help yur psture and stability, but it will als save yur health in the lng run.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。
9．What can we learn abut crssing ne’s legs?
A．It is a very bad scial habit.
B．It is usually practiced deliberately.
C．It can d harm t peple’s health.
D．It can make thers feel uncmfrtable.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“While yu may find it cmfrtable t sit with ne knee crssed ver the ther, it might be causing health prblems that yu are nt aware f.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。
10．Accrding t the study, sitting with yur legs crssed can________．
A．affect yur bld pressure
B．resist gravity effectively
C．lead t heart attacks easily
D．imprve the functin f legs
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“A study published in Bld Pressure Mnitring stated that sitting with yur legs crssed can increase yur bld pressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。
11．In the third paragraph “pins and needles” prbably means “________”．
A．slightly sharp pains
B．being a little tired
C．serius muscle injuries
D．being highly flexible
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“This pressure can cause numbness and temprary paralysis(麻痹) f sme f the muscles in yur ft and leg, preventing yu frm being able t raise yur ankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。
12．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T cmpare cmmn habits.
B．T give readers sme advice.
C．T evaluate the effects f an experiment.
D．T intrduce research methds.
B 解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。
专题强化训练12 词义猜测题——猜测指代类/句意类[学生用书P99(单独成册)]
A
(2017·广州检测)We all knw the feeling: lking at the cmputer screen, pretending t be interested in ur hmewrk, even thugh we really feel bred. But such feelings may sn be at an end, says Dr. Harry Witchel, head f the Essex Medical Schl. He believes that cmputers f the future will ntice when peple feel bred and even take actin t stp it．
Befre yu get cncerned, the machine wn’t be reading yur mind. It will be bserving the many mvements yu make while using a cmputer. It’s nt interested in the big mvements needed t use the machine—like mving a muse r tuching a screen—but small, barely nticeable mvements like clsing yur eyes, mving in yur seat r rubbing yur face. Witchel calls these “bredm mvements” and says they shw hw interested the persn is in what they are reading r watching. The higher the interest level, the less mvement!
T test his thery, Witchel invited 27 peple t perfrm varius cmputer－based tasks. The activities ranged frm playing nline games (an interesting task) t reading dcuments like gvernment laws that mst peple wuld find bring.
A special vide camera fllwed the participants’ mvements as they cmpleted each task. Just as the researcher expected, the “bredm mvements” greatly decreased, by as much as 42%, when the subjects were very interested in what they were reading r seeing.
Frtunately, Dr. Witchel isn’t planning t use his results t create machines that reprt students wh are nt paying attentin at schl. Instead, he wants “mvement sensing” technlgy t be built int future cmputers in rder t imprve students’ cmputer－based learning experience.
The scientist says that by measuring the students’ interest level as they wrk, educatrs will be able t adjust their materials in real－time t keep students fcused. Witchel als believes that the technlgy can prvide filmmakers with hnest audience pinins and in the future, help t develp mre intelligent rbts.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇说明文。Witchel博士所做的一项实验表明：当人们感兴趣于读或看的内容时，无聊感就会有所下降。所以可以将该项结果应用于教育中，通过实时调整学习材料提高学生的学习兴趣。
1．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A．Hmewrk. B．A cmputer.
C．Bredm. D．The future.
C 解析：代词指代题。由第一段最后一句He believes that cmputers f the future will ntice when peple feel bred and even take actin t stp it．及语境可推断出，“it”指人们的无聊。故选C。
2．Why did Dr. Witchel carry ut his research?
A．T discver hw bred peple mve.
B．T find ut what makes peple bred.
C．T see if interested peple are mre active.
D．T test the link between bredm and mvement.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第二段最后两句Witchel calls these “bredm mvements” and says they shw hw interested the persn is in what they are reading r watching. The higher the interest level, the less mvement！可推断出，Witchel做研究的目的是测试无聊和活动之间的关系。故选D。
3．Which mvement wuld Witchel’s technlgy mst likely pay attentin t?
A．Turning ff the machine.
B．Typing wrds n a keybard.
C．Surfing quickly between webpages.
D．Mving ne’s head frm side t side.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第二段第三句It’s nt interested in the big mvements needed t use the machine—like mving a muse r tuching a screen—but small, barely nticeable mvements like clsing yur eyes, mving in yur seat r rubbing yur face.可推知，这项技术会注意到一个人头部的移动。故选D。
4．Hw will the new technlgy help educatin, accrding t Witchel?
A．By reducing teachers’ wrklad.
B．By maintaining students’ learning interest.
C．By reprting students’ misbehavir in class.
D．By making learning mre like a cmputer game.
B 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段第一句The scientist says that by measuring the students’ interest level as they wrk, educatrs will be able t adjust their materials in real－time t keep students fcused.可知，这种新技术可以帮助学生维持他们的学习兴趣。故选B。
B
(2017·河南实验中学模拟)The plice in Taiwan are unable t judge whether t treat it as an extremely clever act f stealing r an even cleverer cheat. Either way, it culd be the perfect crime, because the criminals are birds—hming pigens!
The crime begins with a telephne message t the wner f a stlen car: If yu want the car back, pay up. Then, the car wner is directed t a park, tld where t find a bird cage and hw t attach mney t the neck f the pigen inside. Carrying the mney in a tiny bag, the pigen flies ff.
There have been at least fur such pigen pick－ups in Changwa. What at first seemed like the wrk f a clever stay－at－hme car thief, hwever, may in fact be the wrk f an even lazier and mre inventive criminal mind—ne that avids nt nly cllecting mney but als ging ut t steal the car in the first place. Plice fficer Chen says that the criminal prbably has pulled a duble trick: He gets mney fr things he cannt pssibly return. Instead f stealing cars, he lets smene else d it and then waits fr the car－wner t place an ad in the newspaper asking fr help.
The thery is supprted by the fact that, s far, nne f the stlen cars have been returned. Als, the amunt f mney demanded—under 3，000 Taiwan dllars—seems t little fr a car wrth many times mre.
Demands fr pigen－delivered mney stpped as sn as the press reprted the stry. And even if they start again, Chen hlds little hpe f catching the criminal. “We have mre imprtant things t d，” he said.
[解题导语] 本文介绍了一种新型的犯罪行为。台湾的警察无法断定这到底是聪明的盗窃行为还是更加聪明的诈骗行为，因为罪犯是信鸽。
5．After the car－wner received a phne call, he________．
A．went t a certain pigen and put sme mney in the bag it carried
B．gave the mney t the thief and had his car back in a park
C．sent sme mney t the thief by mail
D．tld the press abut it
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Then, the car wner is directed t a park, tld where t find a bird cage and hw t attach mney t the neck f the pigen inside.可知，车主接到电话后，他会被指示去某个公园找到鸟笼，把钱系到鸟笼内鸽子的脖子上。故选A项。
6．The writer mentins the fact that “nne f the stlen cars have been returned” t shw________．
A．hw easily peple get fled by criminals
B．what Chen thinks might be crrect
C．the thief is extremely clever
D．the mney paid is t little
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的He gets mney fr things he cannt pssibly return.可知，警察认为那些丢车的人根本不可能拿回他的车。故选B项。
7．The underlined wrd “they” in the last paragraph refers t____________．
A．criminals B．pigens
C．the stlen cars D．demands fr mney
D 解析：词义猜测题。上文提到一旦报纸报道了这件事，这样的事情就没有了。由此可知they就是指代上文提到的Demands fr pigen－delivered mney。故选D项。
8．We may infer that the criminal knws hw t reach the car－wners because____________．
A．he reads the ads in the newspaper
B．he lives in the same neighbrhd
C．he has seen the car－wners in the park
D．he has trained the pigens t fllw them
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句．.. waits fr the car－wner t place an ad in the newspaper asking fr help.可知，罪犯看了报纸上的广告然后找到丢车的人。故选A项。
C
(2017·山西省际名校联考)This time last year I entered tw lng­distance mass­participatin swimming events, including the Jubilee River 10 km swim.At the last minute, just befre bth swims, I decided t pull ut.The reality is, I live in fear f cming last.
Last year, befre the tw events, I realized that I culdn’t deal with cming last.I had lked at the swim times f thse wh had cmpleted the previus year and calculated that, at my current swim pace, I wuld prbably have cme last in bth.I just culdn’t face it.But when next year came arund, I decided t enter thse same events again.
Fr a few mnths, I trained hard, but I didn’t get any faster.Then it was June 5, the day f the Jubilee River 10 km.The event started at 9：30 a．m., and the swimmers were anxius and eager t start.As I swam alng, the river was quiet and clean and everything was peaceful.The sun shne. Meadws(草地) rlled by and every nw and then smene wuld wave at the scene unflding in the water.
As the day wre n, smehw I didn’t mind that, predictably, almst everyne was ahead.There were at least sme swimmers still near me, and althugh we shared the same river we quietly ccupied ur wn spaces.As I cncentrated n ding my wn thing, watching the sky, the bank, the ther swimming caps passing r nt passing, I realized I was enjying myself.
In the end, fur hurs and 29 minutes after I’d started, I staggered(摇摇晃晃地走) ut f the water and was greeted with a smile and a “well dne” frm the race rganizer.I glanced back ver my shulder tward the water and nticed that there were a small handful f swimmers wh were still t finish, behind me, ut f a field f arund 300 swimmers.But it didn’t matter.I__was__just__relieved,__prud__and__happy__t__finish.
As I drve away, my thughts turned t my next lng race f the seasn and hw much I was lking frward t it, my fears f cming last gently receding(渐渐远去)．
[解题导语] 作者参加10公里游泳比赛，把名次看得不重要，而是享受比赛的过程。
9．The authr intended t quit swimming mainly because ________．
A．she feared that she culdn’t finish the tw races
B．she was afraid that she wuld let family members dwn
C．she was unwilling t accept the pssibility f finishing last
D．she wasn’t fully prepared fr the tw races
C 解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段的At the last minute, just befre bth swims, I decided t pull ut.The reality is, I live in fear f cming last.可知，是因为她不愿意接受最后一次完成的可能性。故选C。
10．The authr hpes t cnvey the message that ________．
A．never give up when facing challenges
B．it is prcess that matters mst
C．failure is the mther f success
D．winners always take it all
B 解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段的As I cncentrated n ding my wn thing, watching the sky, the bank, the ther swimming caps passing r nt passing, I realized I was enjying myself.可知，作者享受比赛的过程。故选B。
11．What des the underlined sentence mean in the fifth paragraph?
A．She tk pride in leaving all the ther swimmers behind.
B．She was prud that she was nt the last ne in the race.
C．She was glad t finish the race and had a sense f relief.
D．She was prud t be praised by the rganizer.
C 解析： 句意猜测题。根据第五段中的I glanced back ver my shulder tward the water and nticed that there were a small handful f swimmers wh were still t finish, behind me, ut f a field f arund 300 swimmers.But it didn’t matter.可知，成绩虽然不理想，但是作者认为并不重要，可知，作者很高兴完成比赛，有一种欣慰感。故选C。
12．It can be inferred frm the end that the authr is likely t ________．
A．participate in anther race withut any hesitatin
B．analyze the reasn why she failed in the race
C．lse cnfidence cmpletely
D．decide whether she is suitable fr the race
A 解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段的As I drve fears f cming last gently receding(渐渐远去)．可知，作者会毫不犹豫地参加另一次比赛，因为她在享受比赛。故选A。