2021年中考英语总复习专题.29 短文填空（考点详解）

这是一份2021年中考英语总复习专题.29 短文填空（考点详解），共20页。学案主要包含了跳过空格，了解大意，注意文章的首尾句，寻找关键词，先易后难，复读短文，仔细检查等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点29 短文填空
短文填空相当于完形填空的一种变形,即将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出,要求考生在每个空格中填上一个词,使短文意思完整。考生在做题时,不仅要考虑填什么词,还要根据语境,使用词的正确形式。从命题来看,短文填空融合了词汇、固定短语、语境、生活常识及文化素养等多个层次；从能力要求看,短文填空更是注重英语知识的综合运用。基于上述特点,短文填空一直是中考试题中得分率较低的部分,也是学生较为畏惧的题型。它需要学生掌握必要的阅读技巧，善于分析句子结构，熟悉名词的单复数、形容词和副词的比较等级、主谓一致、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词的运用等。
短文的题材很广泛,可以是故事、文化习俗、科普小品、体育等,所选的文章一般都是考生比较熟悉的材料。解答这种题需要平时扎实地打好基础,单词拼写要过关,善于分析句子结构,熟练各种词形的变化,动词时态的变化,非谓语动词的运用等,另外,掌握必要的阅读技巧,也很重要。
题型考查点
1.考查词性、词形的转换。这一考点通常占较大比重,集中在考查动词的时态及语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级、名词的单复数等知识点。因此,这就要求考生首先要理解短文的主旨大意,弄清语法、句子的结构等问题。
2.考查固定搭配。对于这类题目,我们平时要注重固定搭配的积累,比如习惯用语中的介词、固定句法中的连词等。
3.考查关联词。关联词连接两个或更多的分句,反映了句子之间的关系。它们在句中虽不是主要成分,但起着衔接和连贯的作用。关联词的选择主要取决于考生对上下文的理解。
4.考查推断能力。该考点侧重考查考生对整个篇章的把控能力,能根据已有的信息进行适当的推断,做出正确的判断。
阅读技巧解题时，可注意以下几点：
一、跳过空格，了解大意
跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容，这是必须的的第一步，切勿看到一个空格就急着填。每篇文章都有自己的主题思想，段落之间必然承上启下，前呼后应，句与句之间也一定紧密相连，形成一个整体。因此，通读全文要一气呵成，要能了解短文的大意即可，某些单词不理解可以跳过，通过我们掌握的基本常识和逻辑思维了解文章的大意,快速阅读全文,注意找出关键词,理清文章的脉络,同时还要注意某些与空格有关的关键信息,为填写空格打好基础。
二、注意文章的首尾句
短文填空题，往往在文章开头和结尾都有一个完整的或半完整的句子作为提示句。通过提示句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、人物、时间、地点等，提示句常常点明了中心思想，对理解文章有很大的帮助。
三、寻找关键词
上下文找线索及提示。短文填空的文章都是一个意义相关联的语篇，它围绕一个话题论述，在文中词语重复、替代等现象是不可避免的。
四、先易后难
通览全文后，对文章有了整体印象，在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位、前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。当遇到难以判断的选项时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，这样会浪费不必要的时间。本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案。
五、精心解题,运用技巧,前后照应,确定答案
①认真复读短文,确定空格处所需词语的意义；
②再根据空格在句中的位置,判断其在句中充当的成分,从而确定所填词的词性；
③然后再依据词语搭配和语法规则,判断所填的词的正确形式。（动词涉及时态、语态、非谓语动词等；形容词和副词涉及比较级等；名词涉及单复数；数词分基数词和序数词等等）
④做题时,要先易后难,首先选出那些根据上下文能确定的答案,比如固定词组、句型或常见的语法结构等。对于一时把握不准的空格,可以暂时先放一放,把容易做的先做好。如果做“用所给词的正确形式短文填空”时应注意以下几点：
1.当遇到一个需要填的词时，首先要考虑这个词在句子中的成分和词性，例如，用her还是hers等。
2.如果需要填的是动词，则要考虑动词的时态、语态、人称变化、语气以及非谓语动词（不定式，动词-ing和动词的过去分词）形式、被动式和完成式等。例如，would like to do等。
3.如果需要填的是名词，就要考虑名词的单复数形式和所有格形式。例如，tomato-tomatoes等。
4.如果要填的是复合句中的引导词，就要先分析这个复合句是宾语从句、状语从句还是定语从句等，然后再确定这个引导词在句子中的成分。例如，in which=that等。
5.注意固定短语的搭配。例如，friendly with/to等。
6.如果要填的是介词，除了注意介词的用法，还要注意固定搭配。例如，look up；look after等。
7.如果要填的是形容词，就要考虑是用其原级、比较级还是最高级。例如，happy-happier-happiest等。
六、复读短文，仔细检查
由于考试时间有限,很多同学做题时比较快,往往做完后不进行仔细检查,于是会出现不应该发生的错误,这样丢分非常可惜。全部题目初步完成后，再把全文复读一遍，复读时根据语感和对整篇文章的理解，检查全文是否前后贯通，逻辑关系是否合理，句法结构是否恰当，主谓是否一致，代词的性、数、格以及词语搭配是否恰当等，再将不合理的答案调整和修改。如果做题时遇到实在无法确定的答案，可以作推理性猜测，千万不可放弃不填。
总之，学生每天除了多记单词外，还应坚持练习两至三篇短文填空，这样在考试中遇到这类题就不再担心了。
【一】
Have you ever watched or heard about Readers? It is a TV show that has recently 1 _ (become) popular. The show invites different people to read aloud on the stage, as well as to tell the 2 /ˈmu:vɪŋ /stories behind them. They can read everything, 3 poems, books, and letters. By reading aloud, the words on the paper come to 4 /laif/.
Many people are fans of the show. They begin to enjoy 5 (read) aloud at home.The show gives people a
special place to read across China. It is a reading pavilion(朗读亭). Now we can find reading pavilions in many
6 (city), such as Shanghai, Hangzhou and xi'an.
The pavilion is so 7 that it can hold only one person to read in it each time. There is a microphone(麦 克 风 ) in the pavilion and 8 records peoples voices. Everyone can read for three minutes in the pavilion. The show will later 9 /pik/ some of the readers and invite them to read on TV.
People of all ages have come and read in the pavilion. "Reading should be just like singing10 talking, "said Dong Qing, the host of the show, "We can actually express our deep feelings by reading aloud.
1.became 2.moving 3.like 4.life 5.reading 6.cities 7.s 8.then 9.pick 10.and
【二】
A group of swans flew down to a beach where a crow（乌鸦）was jumping around. The crow watched them with disdain(鄙视)“You have no flying s kills at all.”he 1 (say)to the swans. "All you can do is to move your wings. Can you turn over in the air? No, that's beyond you. Let’s have a flying competition. I'll show you what real flying is!”
One of the swans, a 2 / strɔŋ / young male, took up the challenge. The crow flew up and began to show off his skills. He flew in circles, performed other flying tricks,and then came down and looked at the swan 3_____ (proud).
Now it was the swan's 4 ___ . He flew up,and began flying over the sea. The crow flew after him, making all kinds of comments(评价)about his flying. They flew on and until they couldn't see the land and there was nothing but water on all 5 (side ). The crow was making fewer and fewer comments. Now he was so tired 6 he found it hard to stay in the air, and had to stop 7 (him )from falling into the water.The swan pretended(假装) not to notice and said, "Why do 8 /ki: p / touching the water, brother? Is that another trick?
“No,” said the crow. He knew that he had lost the competition.
.“I’m in 9 /ˈtrʌbl/ because of my pride.If you don't help me, I'll lose my life . "The swan took pity on him, and took him 10 his back and flew back to the beach.
1.said 2.strong 3.proudly 4.turn 5.sides
6.that 7.himself 8.keep 9.trouble 10.on
【三】
At the age of 15 , Yang Mi was a m 1 in the fashion magazine, Ray. When she was a senior three student at the age of 18, she p 2 Guo Xiang in The Return of the Dondor（神鹰）Heroes. At 19, she was admitted by the Beijing Film Academy a 3 the top student. As the ＂Queen of big data ＂in the showbiz（娱乐圈）, she surprised people with a 4 data（数据）.She starred（主演） in 16 TV series and 24 movies within 5 years. She has 75 million followers on Webo. Her TV series Les Interpretes ended with the highest ratings（收视率） drama of 2016. In 2017, she starred in Ten Great III of Peach Blossom（《三生三世十里桃花》） , which broke the r 5 of webcasting with 30 billion hits. The v 6 of her studio, JayWalk Studio, rises from 25 million yuan to 5 billion yuan. From an unpopular a 7 to a popular ＂Queen of big data＂, it only takes her less than ten years to accomplish it. She now has become the hottest s 8 at the era of big data（大数据时代）.
There are endless topics around Yang Mi: her friendship with Liu Shishi and Tan Yan, her former relationship with Hu Ge …Plus, a 9 her acting skills were controversial（有争议的）, her works were Internet phenomena（网络爆红）. She now has b 10 the representative of young people in tough times.
【文章大意】本文介绍了影视明星杨幂演艺事业的开始和发展的历程，她已经成为困难时期年轻人的代表。
1. model 【解析】句意：在15岁时，杨幂是时尚杂志《瑞丽》的模特。model名词，模特。a model
一名模特。故填：model。
2. played 【解析】句意：在她18岁作为高中三年级的学生时，她扮演了《神雕侠侣》中郭襄
的角色。play动词，扮演；played动词过去式。本句是一般过去时态的句子，所以动词使用
过去式形式。故填：played。
3. as 【解析】句意：19岁时，她被北京电影学院作为优等生录取。as介词，作为，后跟表示
职业或身份的词。故填：as。
4. amazing 【解析】句意：作为娱乐圈的收视女王，她使人们惊讶于其惊人的数据。amazing
形容词，令人惊奇的，修饰后面的名词data。故填：amazing。
5. record 【解析】句意：2017年，她出演的《三生三世十里桃花》，用300亿的点击率打破了
网络直播的记录。record名词，记录。the record of……的记录。故填：record。
6. value 【解析】句意：她的工作室，嘉行传媒的价值，从原来的2500万元涨到50亿元。value
名词，价值。the value of……的价值。故填：value。
7. actress 【解析】句意：从一个不受欢迎的女演员到一个受欢迎的＂收视女王＂，她只用了不
到十年的时间就完成了。actress 【解析】名词，女演员，杨幂是女演员。故填：actress。
8. star/superstar 【解析】句意：她现在已经成为大数据时代最炙手可热的明星。star名词，明星；
superstar名词，超级明星。故填：star/superstar。
9. although 【解析】句意：加之，虽然她的演技是有争议的，但是她的作品还是网络爆红。although
连词，尽管，引导让步状语从句。故填：although。
10. become 【解析】句意：她现在已经成为困难时期年轻人的代表。become动词，成为；became
过去式；become过去分词。本句是现在完成时态的句子：have/has+动词过去分词。故填：become。【三】
How to realize your dream? Firstly，ask 1 ( you ) what makes you happy. Think
about all the things that make you feel excited and happy in the past, You should know what you
really want, not what you should do. Create a 2 /'pɜːs(ə)n(ə)l/ mission statement(任务说明). It isn' t just for big companies,but explains what is important for you and 3 you are going. Write down your past 4 /səkses/,the contributions you want to make to the world, your short-term and long-term goals.
Examine your past goals again. Try to 5 / fə (r)get/ the feelings of shame and regret. You are entering a chapter(时期) of your life. It's also important to examine your past experiences. But it's also important to know your 6 (advantage)in the past so that you can make them work for you in the future.
Write down your dream 7 a goal. Take a look at everything your have 8 (do)-your happiness list mission statement and experiences from the past. Now begin to set up a simple 9 clear goal from these materials.Try to explain your dream in simple terms.
Last but not least. vou should never give up (try) to realize your dream. Just stick to it..
1.yourself 2.personal 3.where 4.success 5.forget 6.advantages 7.with 8.done
9.and 10.trying
【四】
Drawing might help you think
When you’re sitting in class, have you ever drawn pictures in the margins of your notebooks?
If so, your teacher might have told you _____1_____(stop). Many people think of doodling(涂鸦) as a distraction(精神涣散) from more important things. But it might be just the opposite.
One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009 researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group _____2_____ (encourage) to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that it would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29 percent more.
Other people _____3_____ (suggest) other uses for drawing. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you _____4_____ (have) a fresh perspective and figure out an answer more quickly.
Two years ago, an author named Sunni Brown_____5_____ (write) a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing, but she wants to change that. In fact, she runs a business that helps companies improve organization and planning through doodling. Brown _____6_____ (believe) doodling is helpful because it incorporates(整合) many ways of learning. You lean in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading or writing, and through movement. The more ways you use, the better you learn.
And when you doodle while you _____7_____ (listen) to a lecture, you use all four. You might think that being good at _____8_____ (draw) is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it doesn’t matter what the picture looks like. Even if you’re not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need help focusing, pick up a pen and doodle away!
【文章大意】短文的作者介绍了自己最好的朋友，她有两个名字，一个是Heather，另一个是Na-ri。出生在韩国，在她两岁时候的某一天被美国父母收养。两天前，她收到了一封来自韩国的信，这封书信是用韩文写的。信上说她的生母患有血癌，唯一的治疗方法可能是Heather的血液。她不知道该怎么办，给作者打电话让作者陪着她写回信。
1. have never seen 【解析】句意：我从来没见过她用＂Na-ri＂这个名字。根据下文But today, for
the first time, she is writing a letter with this name.(但是今天，她第一次用这个名字写一封信)可
知推知题干意思为我从没见过她用Na-ri这个名字，句子为现在完成时，构成：have/has done，
因为主语是第一人称I，故答案为have never seen。
2. was born 【解析】句意：她出生在韩国。根据题干后半句...in South Korea and adopted by
American parents when she was two years old one day...(在韩国，在她两岁时候的某一天被美国
父母收养了)可知句子应该为一般过去时被动语态，结构为was/were done。be born出生，故答
案为was born。
3. were saying 【解析】句意：她不明白他们在说些什么。根据上文When she went out to dinner，
some South Korean strangers tried to talk to her in Korean.(当她出去吃饭的时候，一些韩国陌生
人试图用韩语和她交谈)可推知题干意思为她不明白他们正在说什么，所以她只是看着他们。
句子为过去进行时。主语是they，所以用were，故答案为were saying。
4. was sent 【解析】句意：这封信被送到了Na-ri那里。根据上文＂Two days ago, she received a
letter from South Korea.＂(两天前，她收到了一封来自韩国的信)可推知题干意思为这封信被送
到Na-ri那里。句子为一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为was sent。
5. to read 【解析】句意：你应该请人帮你读这封信。根据上文The letter was written in Korean.(这
封信是用韩语写的)可推知题干意思为你应该请别人帮你读这封信。ask sb to do sth.让某人去
做某事，是固定搭配。故答案为to read。
6. crying 【解析】句意：我看见她在我家附近的长椅上哭泣。根据上文Yesterday，on the way home
昨天，在回家的路上。可推知题干意思为我看见她正在我家附近的长椅上哭。see sb. doing sth.
看到某人正做某事，是固定搭配。故答案为crying。
7. Will ... be (Are ...going to be也可得分) 【解析】句意：当我给韩国写信的时候你会陪着我吗？
根据上文This morning，Heather called me(今天早上，Heather给我打电话)和题干后半句when
I write a letter to South Korea(当我给韩国写信的时候)可推知题干意思为当我给韩国写信的时
候你会陪着我吗？句子为一般将来时，故答案为Will ...be。
8. am sitting 【解析】句意：现在我坐在希瑟面前看着她写这封信。根据Now判断，句子为现
在进行时态，故答案为am sitting。

【五】
Alice likes cats 1.b than any other animal. Although she is still young, she has experience of 2. after cats.
When she was a child, she 3. with her grandparents. At that time , her grandparents already had an old cat, about 11 years old, but she was only 4 years old. It was a good friend for
her in her childhood(童年). It was very 4. （友好的） to her and never hurt（伤害） her.

One day, however, it left home and 5. came back again. It must be dead. She was so 6. (难过的) that she was sorry for it for a long time.

Now Alice has four 7 . She takes good care of 8. and makes them live comfortably. But she is afraid to take her cats out of the house. She says it is too
9. ['deɪndʒərəs] for animals to go 10. because she thinks that they may be hurt.
1.better 2.looking 3.lived 4.friend 5.never
6.sad 7.cats 8.them 9.dangerous 10.out

【六】
People in the small town feel 1 (worry). The town 2 (use) to be very quiet. However, these days, something unusual is 3 (happen) in our town. Victor, a teacher, is really nervous. When he 4 (interview) by the town newspaper, he said that he 5 (hear) strange noises outside the window. His wife thought that it 6 (can) be an animal. But Victor and his friends thought it must be teenagers 7 (have) fun. One woman in the area saw something 8 (run) away, but it was dark, so she was not sure. Everyone in the small town is feeling uneasy, and everyone has his or her own ideas. There must be something 9 (visit) the homes in the neighborhood. What is it? People have no idea. Most people hope that this animal or person will simply go away. But the noise-maker is having too much fun 10 (create) fear in the neighborhood.
【文章大意】小镇上的人们感到很焦虑，这个小镇过去很安静，然而，这些天，一些不同寻常的事情发生在我们镇上。维克托，我学校的老师，真的很紧张。当他被城镇报纸采访时，他说：＂每天晚上我们都听到窗外奇怪的声音。我妻子认为它可能是一种动物，但我和我的朋友们认为一定是青少年正在玩。一个女人在这个地区看到了一些东西正在跑，但天很黑，所以她不确定。我们镇上的每个人都感到不安，每个人都有自己的想法。一定有什么东西在附近，但是什么？我们不知道。大多数人希望这种动物或人会走开，噪音制造者以在附近制造恐惧为乐。
1. worried 【解析】考查形容词的辨析。根据下一句句意：然而，这些天，一些不同寻常的事
情发生在我们镇上，可以推断出此处应该是：小镇上的人们感到很焦虑，故填worried，空格
前是感官动词feel，后跟形容词。故填 worried。
2. used 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合题干可知此题考查的是used to do sth. 过去……，结合
句意：这个小镇过去很安静，故填used。
3. happening 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合句意：一些不同寻常的事情正发生在我们镇上，
这是现在进行时，空格前是is，此处应该是现在分词，故填happening。
4. was interviewed 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合题干可知主语he和动词采访是被动的关系，
应该用被动语态，根据下一句he said 的时态可知应该用一般过去时，故填was interviewed。
5. had heard. 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合题干可知这是一个宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，
从句也应该用过去的时态，因为＂听的动作在他说之前已经发生和完成＂，所以应该用过去
完成时态，故填had heard。
6. could 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合题干可知这是一个宾语从句，主句His wife thought that
是一般过去时，从句也应该用一般过去时，故填could。
7. having 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合题干可知这是thought后是宾语从句，it充当的是形
式主语，must表示肯定的推测，结合句意：但我和我的朋友们认为一定是青少年正在玩，表
示正在做某事应该用doing，故填having。
8. running 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合题干可知这是see sb. doing sth. 句型，看见某人正在
做某事，结合句意：一个女人在这个地区看到了一些东西正在跑，故填running。
9. visiting 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合题干可知这是there must be sb/sth doing sth句型，表
示某地有某人或某物一定正在做某事，结合句意：一定有什么东西在附近，故填visiting。
10. creating 【解析】考查动词的辨析。结合题干可知这是have fun doing sth. 句型，玩得高兴，以……为乐，结合句意：噪音制造者以在附近制造恐惧为乐，故填creating。
【七】
Climbing a mountain is hard work. But one step after another finally brings a person to the (1) (顶端). Along the way he can stop and look (2)a .And the (3)h he climbs, the more wonderful his view( 视野) is. If he keeps climbing he will have a new world before him. He will have a new way of (4) [sɒlv] everything.
Now learning a (5)l is something like climbing a mountain. This new language can give you a new view of life. And it is more than a look at the surface( 表面) of things. This will (6) (使得) you richer, traveling in things that money can’t buy.
Like the mountain climber who stops now and then to (7) (享受) the scenery around him, everyone who is interested (8)i reading will find(9) [ˈfʌni] in books as he fights on to learn more and (10) of that new language.
1.top 2.around 3.higher 4.solving 5.language
6.make 7.enjoy 8.in 9.funny 10.more
【八】
Many people say that they are working too ____1____ hours. They don’t have free time with their families. They can’t take care ____2____ things at home. They don’t have time to relax.
Work hours are _____3_ ___ from one country to another. In France, people spend about 1646 hours a year at work. In Japanese, however, people work about 2159 hours a year. That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year _____4____ a French worker. That is about 12 weekends of extra(额外的) work!
_____5____ do people work so many hours? Some people work extra hours because they want to get more money, but many companies don’t pay ____6____ extra work. The people in these companies work extra hours because they think it’s their duty. Some people are afraid they will _____7_____ their job if they don’t work extra hours.
Many people say that their vacations are too short. In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation. In Germany, they get about four weeks. In the United States, two weeks of _____8_____is the average(平均). And many people don’t _____9__ __ all of their vacation days. In one survey, in England, fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days. In English, people say,＂all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.＂That is true, there are a lot of ____10____ people in the world.
【文章大意】短文谈论的是工人的工作时间问题。开头先尖锐地指出工作时间太多的问题，随后对法国和日本的工作时间进行对比，印证各国的工作时间不同，然后求证工作时间太多的原因，是因为许多工人害怕失业，最后对超时工作的人提出了批评。
1. many 【解析】句意：很多人说他们工作时间太多了。hours复数名词，前面可加表数量的形容词；too太，
副词，后接形容词修饰名词。根据句意，可知填many。
2. of 【解析】句意：他们不能照顾家里的事情。take care of照顾，照料，后接名词，固定短语。根据句意，
可知填of。
3. different 【解析】句意：从一个国家到另一个国家工作时间是不同的。from one to another从一个到另一
个。根据下文法国和日本的工作时间对比，可知每个国家的工作时间不一样，故填different。
4. than 【解析】句意：这意味着一个日本工人比一个法国工人每年多工作513个小时。根据句意，这里是对两个国家进行了比较。more...than比……多。根据句意，故填than。
5. Why 【解析】句意：为什么人们工作这么多个小时？根据下个句子Some people work extra hours because
they want to get more money.给出了原因，可知上一句问的是为什么。故填Why。
6. for 【解析】句意：但是许多公司不支付额外的工作量。pay for sth.为……付钱，固定短语。根据句意和
语境，可知填for。
7. lose 【解析】句意：有些人担心如果他们不加班，他们就会失业。lose job失业。根据句意和语境，可知
填lose。
8. vacation 【解析】句意：在美国，有平均两周的假期。根据下一句And many people don’t use all of their
vacation days .可知，填vacation。
9. use 【解析】句意：而且许多人不实际使用他们所有的假期。根据句意和语境，可知填use。
10. dull 【解析】句意：世界上有很多无趣的人。dull迟钝的。根据上一句all work and no play makes Jack a dull
boy.可知填dull。
【九】
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。
know life different back and interesting sign real find they
The planet Mars is the closest and most similar planet to Earth. It is very ___1___to scientists. For example, Mars has seasons with___2___weather, but other planets have the same temperatures all year round. Was there ___3___ on Mars?
To find out, scientists need ___4___ if Mars ever had water. In 2004， two robot explores(探测器), or 'rovers', called Spirit and Opportunity were sent to look for ___5___ of water. These rovers can drive over rocks ___6___ all kind of rough ground. They can also use cameras and send photos ___7___ to Earth. First, the two rovers found chemicals and patterns(图文) in the rocks that were probably made by water. Then, they moved to another area and ___8___ other rocks which may have been created by water. Now scientists think there was probably water on the planet long ago. Today ___9___ are still not sure if there was life on the mars. They ___10___ need more information to decide. The discoveries of the two rovers answered some old questions, but they also brought up many new ones.
【文章大意】这篇科普文介绍了科学家为了知道火星是否有水所做的科学探索。2004年，两个名为“精神与机遇”的机器人探索器，或“漫游者”被派去火星寻找水的迹象，发现了可能是水制造的化学物质和图案，还发现了其他可能是由水造成的岩石。
1. interesting【解析】句意：这对科学家来说是非常有趣的。very非常，副词修饰形容词；根据句意结构和
英文提示，可知填interesting。
2. different【解析】句意：火星有不同天气的季节，但其他行星全年都有相同的温度。weather天气，名词需
用形容词修饰；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填different。
3. life【解析】句意：火星上有生命吗？there be结构遵循就近原则，was后接单数名词。根据句意结构和英
文提示，可知填life。
4. to know【解析】句意：为了找到答案，科学家们需要知道火星是否有水。need需要，用于肯定句时多是
实义动词，有need to do结构。根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填to know。
5. signs【解析】句意：2004年，两个名为“精神与机遇”的机器人探索器，或“漫游者”被派去寻找水的迹象。
根据of所有格结构和英文提示，可知填signs。
6. and【解析】句意：这些流浪者可以驾驶岩石和各种粗糙的地面。rocks和rough ground是并列关系，需要
and连接；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填and。
7. back【解析】句意：他们还可以使用相机和照片发送回地球。send back to送回某个地方；根据句意结构
和英文提示，可知填back。
8. found【解析】句意：然后，他们搬到另一个地区，发现了其他可能是由水造成的岩石。and连接并列结
构，根据句意结构，可知缺动词，结合时态和英文提示，故填found。
9. they【解析】句意：今天他们仍然不确定火星上是否有生命。本句缺主语，根据句意结构和英文提示，可
知scientists需用they替代，故填they。
10. really【解析】句意：他们真的需要更多的信息来决定。need需要，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填really。
【十】
At 13, Rachel Crow appeared on The X Factor. It is a British reality show( 真 人 秀 ). The judges( 评判员) loved her beautiful singing. It 1. (seem) that she was ready to win. However, she failed. Rachel was shocked. She cried on the stage. It was sad for 2. she). But it was just the kind of show TV audiences(观众) love.
Some people say that kids should stay away form reality shows, 3. they don’t play characters. They play themselves. Cameras show their most 4. ['praɪvət] moments. Also, these shows leave little free time for the kids.
But others say reality shows give kids a chance to shine. One Direction, a pop boy band, became world famous after 5. (compete) on The X Factor. Even Rachel recorded her
album(音乐专辑) and voiced a character in the movie Rio 2, though she failed.
Here are two students’ 6. [‘dɪfrənt] opinions on this. Kids should be allowed on reality shows.
Kids on reality shows can make a lot of money.
Talented kids can become famous if 7. appear on a reality show. It’s good for kids to learn that they can’t always win.
Kids shouldn’t be allowed on reality shows.
Children may not be able to 8. with unkind words from judges and fans.
Kids on reality shows have to give 9. privacy. They are too young to make that10.
[dɪ'zaɪn].
Reality shows may leave little time for a child to study, play or just relax.
1.seemed 2.her 3.because 4.private 5.competing 6.different 7.they 8.deal 9.their 10.design
【十】
Dear Ronny,
Years ago, you 1 (come) to me for help. You said, ＂Grandpa, how could you achieve so much in your life? You are still full of energy, and I’m already tired of trying hard for my life. What should I do?＂
I didn’t know 2 to say to you. But I think I should give you 3 answer. Here is what I believe.
First, realize that life 4 (fill) with surprises, but many are good ones. If you don’t keep 5 (watch) for them, you’ll miss at least half of the excitement. Welcome challenges. They’ll make you wiser, stranger and more powerful 6 you were the day before. When you make mistakes, be thankful for the things they teach you.
7 , there will be more opportunities while you are growing up. So you have to be brave 8 to move from a known place to an unknown one. Consider all the roads ahead, and decide which one to follow. Then believe in 9 (you), get up and keep going.
Most important of all, never give up. The person that ends up as a winner is the one 10 has the strong will to win. Give life everything you’ve got. And life will give its best to you.
Love always,
Grandpa
【文章大意】这是一封爷爷写给孙子的一封信，在信中这位老人主要介绍了自己几十年来的生活经验，告诉自己的孙子如何正确的对待生活，如何在生活中取得成功。
1. came 【解析】根据Years ago可知，句子应该用一般过去时。故答案为：came。
2. what 【解析】根据空格后say to you可知，这里缺少say的宾语，所以应该用what。故答案为：what。
3. an 【解析】根据空格后的名词answer是可数名词的单数形式，且其以元音音素开头，所以应该用冠词
an，这里表示泛指。故答案为：an。
4. is filled 【解析】根据句子的主语life与fill之间是被动关系，短语be filled with充满。根据many are good
ones. 可知这里用的是一般现在时，所以空格处也用一般现在时。故答案为：is filled。
5. watching 【解析】因为空格前是动词keep，keep +doing＂一直做某事＂故答案为：watching。
6. than 【解析】根据wiser, stranger and more powerful这里都是比较级，所以后面应该用than。故答案为：
than。
7. Second 【解析】根据First, realize that life ____4____ (fill) with surprises可知前面叙述了第一点，后面应
该是第二点。故答案为：second。
8. enough 【解析】根据空格前是形容词，空格后是动词不定式，只有enough的短语，形容词+ enough + to
do足够……做某事。故答案为：enough。
9. yourself 【解析】因为句子的主语是you，空格处缺少的是介词的宾语。句意：相信你自己。所以用反身
代词。故答案为：yourself。
10. who 【解析】这里the one代替the person，the one是先行词，后是定语从句，先行词是人，所以用关系
代词who，故答案为：who。
【十一】
China is a country with many colorful and festival. The Dragon Head Raising Day is one of them. This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar
1 (日历). It stands for the started of spring and farming.
The dragon is 2 [ɪm'pɔ:（r）tnt] in Chinese. We Chinese people call 3 ( 我们自 己)the “descendants （传人）of the dragon”. So people 4 the Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs a 5 dragon. On the day in ancient times, people put ashes in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the 6 of the dragon ,they could have a good harvest in 7 （秋天）.
Also, people eat special foods on that day. The foods usually named a 8 dragon.For example ,people eat “dragon whisker ” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth ”.
Today, many customs have disappeared. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. It was said that a haircut 9 ['djʊərɪŋ] the first lunar month may bring luck to the 10 of a family –mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
1.calendar 2.important 3.ourselves 4.celebrate 5.about 6.bless 7.autumn/fall 8.about 9.during 10.life
【十二】
阅读下面短文，根据首字母、音标以及语境的提示在空白处填入适当的单词(1个单词)；或根据汉语意思的提示，在空白处填入适当的短语，使短文语意连贯，意思完整。
Kate and Dick were classmates. They ___1___ (相处) well with each other and later fell in love. After getting m___2___ , they found it difficult to ___3___ (谋生).
Finally, they decided ___4___ run a small restaurant near the railway station. The restaurant often stayed o___5___ until after midnight, because people came to drink there while they were ___6___ (等待) trains.
At two o’clock one morning, ___7___ man was still sitting at a table in the restaurant. He was ___8___ [ə’sli:p]. Kate wanted to go to bed. She looked at the table several times, and each time the man was still there. Then, ___9___ (最终) she went to her h___10___ and said to him, "You’ve talked to that man three times, and he isn’t drinking any more. ___11___ haven’t you sent him away? After ___12___ , it’s so late."
"Oh, no, I don’t want to send him away," a___13___ Dick with a smile. "You see, whenever I ___14___ (叫醒) the man, he asks for the bill, and when I bring it to him, he p___70___ it. Then he goes back to sleep again."
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了夫妻俩在火车站附近开了一个酒吧，每天关门很晚，因为人们等车的时候常会进来喝点酒。一天，一个人到了凌晨2点了还在酒吧里睡觉，老板娘又累又困，想让已经叫醒他三次的丈夫赶他走，但丈夫不同意，因为每次把那个人叫醒，他都会要帐单付一次钱。
1. got on/along【解析】句意：他们相处的很好，后来相爱了。根据提示词＂相处＂，可知英文表达是get on
或get along，在句中是作谓语；这是在讲述一个故事，所以用一般过去时，get的过去式为got，故答案
填got on/along。
2. married【解析】句意：结婚后。根据上文later fell in love以及首字母提示，可知此处是指＂结婚＂，get
married固定词组，＂结婚＂，故答案填married。
3. make a living/earn their living【解析】句意：他们发现谋生很困难。根据提示词＂谋生＂，可知英文表达是make a living或earn their living，前面有介词to，所以这里用动词原形，故答案填make a living/earn their living。
4. to【解析】句意：最后，他们决定在火车站附近开一家小餐馆。decide to do sth.决定去做某事，故答案填
to。
5. open 【解析】句意：这家餐馆经常营业到午夜以后。根据句意以及首字母提示可知此处应填open，stay open：
开门营业，相当于keep open，故答案填open。
6. waiting for【解析】句意：因为人们在等火车的时候来这里喝酒。根据提示词＂等待＂，可知英文表达是
wait for，本句是while引导的时间状语从句，主句动作发生在从句动作的过程中，所以时态用过去进行
时，即在等火车的时候来这里喝酒，故答案填waiting for。
7. a/one【解析】句意：一天凌晨两点钟，一个男人还坐在餐馆的一张桌子旁。根据下文He was 8 ， 可
知是＂一个男人＂，故答案填a/one。
8. asleep【解析】句意：他睡着了。根据音标[ə’sli:p]可知单词应是asleep，和前面的系动词was构成系表结
构，表示睡着的状态，故答案填asleep。
9. at last/in the end【解析】句意：最后，她走到丈夫跟前对他说。根据提示词＂最终＂，可知英文表达是at
last或in the end，故答案填at last/in the end。
10. husband【解析】句意：最后，她走到丈夫跟前对他说。联系上文的语境可知是夫妇俩开的餐馆，再结合
首字母提示，可知此处是指＂丈夫＂husband，故答案填husband。
11. Why【解析】句意：你为什么不把他送走？联系上文语境，可知此处是问＂你为什么不把他送走?＂＂为
什么＂英文表达是why，因其位于句首，所以首字母大写，故答案填Why。
12. all 【解析】句意：毕竟，天气太晚了。由语境和句意可知此处考查固定词组after all＂毕竟、终究＂，
故答案填all。
13. answered【解析】句意：＂哦，不，我不想把他送走。＂迪克微笑着说。根据语境和句意，结合首字母
提示，可知此处应是＂回答＂，英文表达是answer，本文时态用的是一般过去时，所以此处也应用一
般过去时，answer的过去式为answered，故答案填answered。
14. wake up 【解析】句意：你看，每当我叫醒那个人，他就要账单。根据提示词＂叫醒＂，可知英文表达
是wake up，这里是直接引用Dick叙述这件事情时所说的话，所以用一般现在时，故答案填wake up。
15. pays【解析】句意：当我把账单给他时，他就付钱。根据句意和首字母提示，可知此处应是＂付钱＂，
英文表达是pay，主语是he，时态用一般现在时，故答案填pays。
【十二】
As teenagers, having a meaningful influence on the world seems to impossible. Changing the world does not only mean doing big and important 1 (thing). By following the two 2
/'sImpl / ways below, teenagers can go green and change the world.
1. Recycle thing
According 3 an online article. 63 million newspapers are sent out every day and 44 million of 4 (they )are thrown away. If you recycle these newspapers,you could save many trees .
How will you deal with your old phones or computers 5 you have new ones? Throw them away or put them aside? Maybe you ca n take them to the local stores that 6 /kə ' lekt/ them. Then they will be 7 (give) to people who need them.
2. Go vegetarian（素食者） one day a week
Here are some 8 (surprise) facts on going vegetarian for only one day. The United States would save 100 billion gallons of gas which is 9. / ɪ'nʌf / to fuel all the cars of Canada and Mexico and still have some left.
“After knowing the facts.I am ready to go vegetarian one day 10 week, "an American student said.
You should try your best to make the world better. It may be hard. but never give up. Small changes make a big difference.
1.things 2.simple 3.to 4.them 5.if 6.collect 7.giving 8.surprising 9.enough 10.a
【十三】
Bulling(欺凌) is doing things to hurt other people. It is a serious problem at school.
Miah, a 22-year-old girl, still 1 (remember) how she was bullied in junior high school. ＂They kicked me, put sticks in my hair and took money from me. Even worse, I 2 (make) to eat rubbish. I 3 (never forget) those moments.＂
Miah is not the only case. I saw another bullying situation when I was a student. Some students bullied a handicapped(智力低下的) girl every day — hitting, pushing and kicking her. They just enjoyed 4 (do) it. The girl didn’t realize that people 5 (hurt) her, she couldn’t even tell the teacher. The situation lasted for a long time.
Bulling at school is getting worse, so many people 6 (try) to start anti-bulling(反欺凌) program. Students in many schools have already taken actions. They 7 (create) anti-bullying clubs. Many students have joined the clubs. They work with teachers to show students how to stop bullying. Some other programs have joined the clubs. They work with teachers to show students how to stop bullying. Some other programs have proved to be successful, too.
In Wales, two girls 8 (come) up with an idea to stop bullying on the school bus. They created a bus pass(乘车证) and made four rules for students: no bullying, no swearing (骂脏话), no smoking and no shouting. Whenever a student broke a rule, he would get a mark on his pass. When a student had four marks, he 9 (not allow) to take the bus anymore. The bus pass idea worked. It 10 (stop) bullying on the bus.
【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了欺凌在学校是一个严重的问题，文中讲述了如何对待学校的欺凌现象。
1. remembers 【解析】句意：Miah，一个22岁的女孩，仍然记住他在初中的时候是怎样被欺凌的。主语是
第三人称单数，谓语动词要变第三人称单数，根据句意及所给单词提示，故填remembers。
2. was made 【解析】句意：我被使得去吃垃圾。短语be made to do sth.表示被使的去做某事。根据句意及
所给单词提示，故填was made。
3. will never forget 【解析】句意：我将永远不会忘记那些时刻。这will+动词的原形。根据句意及所给单词
提示， 故填will never forget。
4. doing 【解析】They just enjoyed ____4____(do) it.句意：他们仅仅是喜欢这样做。短语enjoy doing sth,表
示喜欢做某事。根据句意及所给单词提示，故填doing。
5. were hurting 【解析】句意：那个女孩没有意识到人们正在伤害她。这里是过去进行时，主语是复数，这
里用were doing的形式，根据句意及所给单词提示，故填were hurting。
6. are trying 【解析】句意：如多的人们正在设法建立范欺凌的工程。根据语境可知用现在进行时，其结构
是are doing的形式；根据句意及所给单词提示，故填are trying。
7. have created 【解析】They ____7____(create) anti—bullying clubs.句意：他们已经创建了反欺凌的俱乐部。
根据语境可知用现在完成时，其结构是have done的形式。根据句意及所给单词提示，故填have created。
8. came 【解析】句意：在威尔士，在公共汽车上，两个女孩想出了一个主意来阻止欺凌。短语come up with...
表示想出，提出，这里用一般过去时态。根据句意及所给单词提示，故填came。
9. wouldn’t be allowed 【解析】句意：他不在被允许乘公共汽车。这里是被动语态，be allowed to do sth.表
示被允许做某事。根据句意及所给单词提示，故填wouldn’t be allowed。
10. stopped 【解析】It ___10___(stop) bullying on the bus.停止在公共汽车上的欺凌。根据句意及所给单词提示，故填stopped。
【十四】
When Ma Siwen and Zou Wei, two senior students in Yunnan Province, wrote a letter to Great Britain's Queen Elizabeth II last 1 /septembe(r)/, they didn't expect a response. Much to their surprise, they 2
( receive ) a reply from Buckingham Palace this January.
The two schoolgirls wrote to the Queen to congratulate her on becoming the longest- reigning monarch(在位时间最长的君主) in British history. They introduced3 / ð(ə)m'selvz/,their school and their hometown, and invited Queen to come. According to Ma, they revised( 修正)
the letter several 4 ( time) and spent one week completing the final edition. On the envelope(信封), they5 eight stamps with the Chinese character Fu to show their blessing and Chinese characteristics.
When they got a reply from Britain, the two girls were quite surprised. "Even I myself felt it
6 (possible) to receive a word back. "Ma said. She once wrote to 7 / 'rʌʃən/ President Vladimir Putin and U. S. President Barack Obama, but never got a response. 8 lucky those two girls are! let's take a look at the royal letter:
Dear Sien
The Queen wished me to write and 9 you for your letter in which you tell Her Majest( 女王 陛下 ) a little about yourself and where you live. Although unable to reply to you personally, the Queen was 10
（interest ) to hear of your hometown and I am to thank you, once again, for your thougtfulness in writing as you did.
1.September 2.received 3.themselves 4.times 5.put/stick
6.impossible 7.Russian 8.How 9.send 10.interested
【十五】
Visitors to Japan are often excited about the delicious food, but many people are a little nervous ____1____ what to do at restaurants or in a Japanese household. So it’s helpful to know basic table ____2____ before going to Japan.
____3____ people use knives, forks, spoons and chopsticks to eat. But chopsticks are the most ____4____ utensils(用具). When you are eating dinner with some Japanese friends, don’t directly pass ____5____ from your chopsticks to somebody else’s chopsticks. It’s also important not to ____6____ chopsticks vertically(垂直地) into food, especially into a bowl of rice. It’s not ____7____ to move your chopsticks up and down above dishes or to point at somebody with your chopsticks.
It is polite to lift small bowls of rice or soup when you eat. It ____8____ you from dropping food.
In Japan, it is common to slurp(吃时嘴唇发出很响的声音) while ____9____ noodles. People say the noodles taste better ____10____ they make slurping noises.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍日本的基本餐桌礼仪。
1. about 【解析】句意：到日本的游客常常对美味的食物感到兴奋，但许多人对在餐馆或在日本的家里该做些什么感到有些紧张。结合句意和语境可知填about。
2. manners 【解析】句意：所以在去日本之前了解基本的餐桌礼仪是很有帮助的。table manners：餐桌礼仪；结合句意和语境可知填manners。
3. Japanese 【解析】句意：日本人用刀、叉、匙和筷子吃饭。People人，名词，需用形容词，Japanese people：日本人；根据第一段内容结合句意和语境可知填Japanese。
4. popular【解析】句意：但是筷子是最受欢迎的用具。根据句意和语境可知填popular。
5. food【解析】句意：当你和一些日本朋友一起吃饭时，不要直接把食物从你的筷子传给别人的筷子上。根据句意和语境可知填food。
6. stick 【解析】句意：同样重要的是不要把筷子垂直地插在食物里，尤其是放在一碗米饭里。Stick sth. into sth.：把……插入……；结合句意和语境可知填stick。
7. polite 【解析】句意：用筷子在盘子上下翻动或用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的。根据句意和语境可知填polite。
8. prevents 【解析】句意：它可以防止你掉食物。阻止某人做某事：Prevent/stop /keep sb. from doing sth.；本文时态是一般现在时，主语三单，谓语应用三单形式；结合句意和语境可知填prevents /stops /keeps。
9. eating 【解析】句意：在日本，吃面条的时候发出啧啧吃的声音，这很常见。While连词，当…时候，后面应跟从句或名词性短语。结合句意和语境可知填eating。
10. if 【解析】句意：人们说如果他们吃面条时发出声音，面条的味道更好。结合句意和语境可知填if。