2021届高考英语二轮复习语法精准练 专题一：名词、代词、冠词

 2021届高考英语二轮复习语法精准练 专题一：名词、代词、冠词1. In that country, there are a lot of families who cannot even afford to buy the basic ___________ (necessary) of life.2.There are deep  _____________(divide) in the country over  the war.3.Large  _____________(quantity) of money have been collected to help those suffering from the floods.4.The ceremony is a ____________ from pre-Christian times. (survive)5.Always bear in mind that your own resolution to ___________ is more important than anything. (succeed)6.We should know our own strengths and ____________ and think what could be done about them . (weak)7.First aid is a very important step in the ______________ of burns. (treat)8.If you can choose _________ third foreign language, which one will it be?9.It began to thunder in _______________ distance, and a black cloud spread over the sky.10.The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was _____great success.11.This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over                          top.12.It was also   early way for languages and cultures to develop and become influenced by one another.13.____________ number of people invited is 50, but a number of them ____________ (be) absent.14. At first, I didn’t know what Facebook was, and now I do know it sounds like ____waste of time. 15.Bob’s birthday is on the _________(eight) of June.16.The cost of production in our country is ___________ (two) more than that in the other countries.17.A radio announcer may have an audience of _____(million).18.Due to his efforts, he made more than three _____ (million) yuan last year.19.My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice__________expensive.20.Li Hai tried his best and finished                              (three) in the competition.21.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Litter is everywhere, doing great harm ①​_____ the environment and life on our planet. Jeff Kirschner, who wants to build a litter-free world, started a global community named Litterati ②_____  (settle)this problem.The story began with his 6-year-old daughter. One day they were going on a hike when the girl noticed a ③_____  (break)plastic tub(浴盆)in a river. She said, “Daddy, that doesn’t go there.” That took Kirschner by surprise. He, like many adults, had become so used to the rubbish around them that he hadn’t given it a second look ④_____  his daughter said reminded him of the serious problem our planet faces.Jeff started to take ⑤_____  (act).He created Litterati, an app that makes it fun to pick up litter. The idea is ⑥_____  (fair) simple: Spot a piece of trash, take a photo, post the photo online and then put the litter into dustbins.⑦_____  (see)that Jeff was keeping a record of the positive impact he was having on the planet, people worldwide started participating. Up to now, over 2,500,000 photos posted by 3,500 people from over 40 countries ⑧ _____ (find)their way to Litterati’s digital landfill.Litterati is more than an app. It is a highly ⑨ _____ (effect)solution to a pressing issue. Wherever you live, whatever you do and ⑩_____  you are, join Litterati to make the world a cleaner and healthier place to live in.22.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。    Crows(乌鸦)are remarkably intelligent birds. Now these feathered geniuses are given a job: Six crows have been trained to pick up rubbish in the Puy du Fou historical theme park in western France. Whenever the six crows put cigarette ends or other small ①_________(piece) of trash in a special container, it offers a treat to reward the crows ②_________  their efforts.    The idea came from one of the park's employees, Christophe. In 2012, the theme park held a show during which the crows picked up roses and brought them to a "princess". It was the show ③_________  inspired him. Since then, six crows ④_________ (raise) and trained to do the same with rubbish. The training system is similar to the one for testing crows' intelligence, ⑤_________ a food dispenser(分发器) gives away a food reward when a crow ⑥_________ (correct) performs a task. Christophe also introduced other species of birds to go through the training. ⑦_________ (compare) with other birds, crows are much cleverer.    The purpose of ⑧_________ (train) the crows is to educate the people to reflect on themselves. Since the birds are able to protect the environment, we need to care about it too. "It is ⑨_________ funny way to remind people not ⑩_________ (throw) the rubbish everywhere," said Christophe.


                  答案以及解析1.答案：necessities解析：句意:在那个国家,有许多家庭甚至买不起基本的生活必需品。形容词basic修饰名词形式。necessity为可数名词,根据句中的a lot of families可知此处应用复数形式。2.答案：divisions解析：句意:在这个国家内部对于这场战争存在着严重的分歧。division n.分开；分隔；分裂；分歧。3.答案：quantities解析：句意:为了帮助那些遭受洪灾的人,大量资金被已经筹集。4.答案：survival解析：考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入survival，不定冠词a后接单数可数名词．5.答案：success解析：考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入success，介词后接名词作宾语．success意为"成功"时是不可数名词．6.答案：weaknesses解析：考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入weaknesses．know是及物动词，后接名词作宾语．weakness是可数名词，根据语境要用复数形式．7.答案：treatment解析：考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入treatment，in the treatment of医治 …8.答案：a9.答案：the10.答案：a11.答案：the解析：此处表特指，故用定冠词the。12.答案：an解析：【解题思路】句意为:这也是语言和文化发展相互影响的一种早期方式。根据句意可知,此处指“一种早期方式”,表泛指, 应用不定冠词,且"early"的读音以元音音素开头。故填an。13.答案：The; are解析：句意为:被邀请的人数是50人,但许多人缺席了。the number of意为"……的数量",谓语动词用单数形式;a number of意为"许多",后跟可数名词复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。14. a考查冠词。句意为:一开始,我不知道Facebook是什么,现在我知道它听起来像是在浪费时间。a waste of time为固定短语,意为“浪费时间”。故填a。15.答案：eighth16.答案：twice解析：考査倍数表达法。句意:我国的生产成本是其他国家的两倍。本句用的是"倍数+比较级+ than"结构,故填twice。17.答案：millions18.答案：million解析：考查数词.句意:由于他的努力,他去年赚了三百多万元. million前有具体数字时,应用单数形式.19.答案：as 解析：句意:我叔叔在市中心的房子比我们的房子要小得多, 但是它的价格却是我们的房子价格的两倍。本题考査比较级。本句使用了 。倍数+as... as...”结构,从句子结构和意思看出本句省略了部分内容。20.答案：third21.答案：1. to2. to settle3. broken4. What 5. action6. fairly7. Seeing 8. have found9. effective10. whoever
解析： 文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了在女儿的影响下JeffKirschner创办了一个名叫Litterati的app,鼓励人们清理垃圾保护环境。(1)考查固定搭配。句意:垃圾到处都是,对我们的环境和生活有很大的坏处。动词短语do harm to意为“对...有害”,该短语的现在分词形式在句中做状语;(2)考查不定式。句意:Kirschner 想要建设一个没有垃圾的世界,为了解决这个问题,他开办了一个名为Litterati的全球社区。句中不定式短语to settle this problem在句中做充当目的状语;(3)考查形容词。句意:有一天,他们正在远足,在这时他的女儿注意到河里有一个坏了的塑料浴盆。形容词broken意为“坏了的”,在句中充当定语,修饰plastic tub;(4)考查主语从句。句意:他的女儿说的话提醒了他我们的星球所面临的这个严重的问题。句中what引导主语从句并在句中充当动词said的宾语;(5)考查固定短语。句意: Jeff开始采取行动了。动词短语take action意为“采取行动”,名词action 充当动词take的宾语;(6)考查副词。句意:这个想法非常简单:找到一片垃圾,拍一张照片,把照片上传到网上,然后把垃圾扔进垃圾桶里。句中应该使用副词充当状语修饰形容词simple;(7)考查现在分词。句意:看见了Jeff 正在记录他对星球产生的积极影响,全世界的人们都开始参与了进来。主句主语people worldwide与动词see构成主动关系,要用现在分词做状语;(8)考查时态。句意:到现在为止,40多个国家3500人上传的2,500,000张照片都到了Litterati的数码垃圾池里。动词短语find one's way to意为“到达...”,时间状语up to now通常与现在完成时连用;(9)考查形容词辨析。句意: Litferati不仅仅是一个APP。它是一个紧急问题的有效解决方法。形容词effective意为“有效的”,在句中充当定语修饰名词solution;(10)考查让步状语从句。句意:无论你生活在那里,无论你做什么,无论你是谁,参加Litterati吧!让我们的世界成为一个更为清洁健康的居住的地方!句中whoever引导让步状语从句,与“Wherever you live, whatever your do”构成并列关系。22.答案：pieces; for; that; have been raised; where; correctly; Compared; training; a; to throw
解析：①考查名词的复数形式。句意:每当这六只乌鸦把烟头或其他小垃圾放进一个特殊的容器里时,它们的努力就会得到奖励。other 修饰可数名词复数,故填pieces。 ②考查介词。句意参考上题解析。此处表示“因……而奖励”,故填for。③考查强调句型。句意:正是那个表演给了他灵感。此处为强调句型,其基本结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that+其余部分,此处强调the show,故填that。④考查动词的时态。句意:从那时起,这六只乌鸦就被饲养并训练捡垃圾。since then表明用现在完成时,six crows与raise之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,故填have been raised。⑤考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这个训练系统类似于乌鸦智力测试系统,在这个测试系统中,每当乌鸦正确地完成一项任务时,食物分配器会给予食物奖励。此处为非限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主宾表,故填where。⑥考查词性转换。句意参考上题解析,修饰动词performs用副词形式。⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:与其他鸟类相比,乌鸦聪明得多。compared with/to与……相比。⑧考查非谓语动词。句意:训练乌鸦的目的是教育人们反省自己。作介词of的宾语用动名词,故填training。⑨考查冠词。句意:这是一个提醒人们不要到处扔垃圾的有趣的方式。way 是可数名词,用不定冠词表示泛指,故填a。⑩考查非谓语动词。句意参考.上题解析,remind sb. (not) to do sth.提醒某人(不)做某事。