必修5 Unit2 The United Kingdom（核心素养过关练）-2021年高考英语一轮复习学与练

必修5 Unit2 The United Kingdom基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写I'm more than delighted to invite you to go to Xi'an which is one of the most famous tourist attractions in China.If it is convenient for you, I will drop in on you next weekend.  Our first homework was to give a brief description of the neighborhood where we lived.The Chinese nation has created a splendid culture, which dates back over 5,000 years. Having quarrelled with his wife about who should wash the dishes, he felt very upset.Chris likes music and has a large collection of albums and cassettes.  Jordan’s own-label collection of sweatshirts, T-shirts and caps will be available this Christmas.  The company will arrange (安排) for a taxi to meet you at the airport.  There have been so many conflicts (冲突) in the world recently. As a result, people are concerned about the world peace.When will the government clarify (澄清) its position on equal pay for women?  We must try our best to accomplish (完成) our task perfectly.  【2019全国卷Ⅱ】First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform (制服) looked so cool.We should settle conflicts (冲突) in a peaceful way, thus friendship comes into being.We spent the days sightseeing (观光) and the evenings sitting in the bars drinking the local wine. Ⅱ.单句填空E-books definitely bring convenience (convenient) to us as quick access to vast information, thus contributing to the popularity of e-books.  Two days later, I was delighted to hand in all of my work on time, to my teacher's delight (delight)This is a good chance to go abroad, so she is unwilling (willing) to give it up.Since I have had a job in Nanjing, I want to rent a furnished (furnish) apartment here.This stone, square building has remained standing (stand) for one thousand years. We are thrilled (thrill) to hear the news that our class has won the game.  To her great surprise, she found the castle guarded (guard) by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the uniform of Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ.  【2019北京卷】Another possibility (possible) is that when there is a lot of talent on a team,some players may make less effort.What attracts me most in Beijing is that there are many attractions, like the Great Wall, the Summer Palace. They are so attractive as to attract eyes from every corner of the world.(attract)With everything arranged, our department will be in charge of arranging the conference. Would you please give us some suggestions on the arrangement for it？(arrange)Thrilled (thrill) at the thrilling news, she couldn't say a word.Our original (origin) plan was to go to Tibet for holiday, but we finally went to Dalian.There is no possibility that Mark will finish the challenging task by himself within two days.I think it no use quarrelling (quarrel) with him now and we must find solutions to the problem soon.The football team, consisting (consist) of 22 players and 3 coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.【2017全国Ⅱ卷】You will certainly find the exhibition most enjoyable (enjoy) and fall in love with the art.It took the boy roughly (rough) five minutes to work out the difficult maths question.After clarifying (clarify) his innocence in the incident, Mr. King left the meeting room with his secretary. Ⅲ.短语检测Most scientists agreed that robots can take the place of (代替) human beings to do housework in the future.Van Gogh had an important influence on/upon (对……有重大影响) the development of modern painting.  Stallone wants to break away from (摆脱) his action hero image.  Susan left out (遗漏) a piece of important information when she told the whole thing to the police.Their car suddenly broke down (出故障) on the road, so they couldn't attend the meeting on time.The students are divided into (被分成) five groups, each having its own unique assignment.The town was named after Mr Smith, in memory of (为了纪念) his great contribution to its development.  The new football team consists of/is made up of (由……组成) 20 players and two coaches.  It was to his credit (给……带来荣誉) that the 17­year­old boy saved the injured woman using the knowledge of first aid he had learned in school.【2018浙江卷6月书面表达】 If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience. Ⅳ.重点句型It is strange that the wheel should (竟然) turn so slowly.  My neighbour found her front door broken (break) into and something stolen (steal) when she came back from shopping.  The computer doesn’t seem to work well. You’d better get it repaired (repair). Old as it is now, the bridge, when first built (build) in the little town, attracted many visitors.  There is no need (没有必要) to go into details—just give me the general idea.  What thrilled/excited me (让我兴奋的是) was that there were so many treasures displayed in the show.  Do you want to have your book delivered (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come (come) to the shop for it? Robert felt a little nervous when found himself surrounded (发现自己被包围) by several big boys.If (it is) convenient for you(你方便的话), you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to you keeping up a good state of mind. Worried (worry) that he might lose his job, Peter always works extra hours to please his boss. Ⅴ.课文语法填空   If you study British history, you may find the country went through several different names. The first name England now 1.refers (refer) to England and Wales, but when the two countries joined Scotland in the seventeenth century, the name Great Britain was given to represent the country. With the 2.joining (join) of Northern Ireland, the country got the name the United Kingdom, 3.which was shown to the world in a new flag 4.called (call) the Union Jack.     5.Of the four countries, England is the 6.largest (large) and is divided roughly into three zones: the South, the North and the Midlands. Although the cities here are not as large as 7. those in China, they have their own world-famous football teams. The country’s capital is London. The oldest castle in London was constructed by later Norman 8.rulers (rule).     9.If you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom 10.enjoyable (enjoy) and worthwhile, you must keep your eyes open.              必修5 Unit2 The United Kingdom提升练I. 阅读理解A【2020全国III卷】With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.   The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.   Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.   “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”   It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.   Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.   Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.1. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?A. Nick.     B. Rita.     C. Kathryn    D. The daughters.2. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?A. Positive.    B. Carefree.    C. Tolerant.    D. Unwilling.3. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on?A. Family traditions.  B. Financial reports.  C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.4. What is the text mainly about?A. Lifestyles in different countries.    B. Conflicts between generations.C. A housing problem in Britain.     D. A rising trend of living in the UK.B【2019河北省精英中学高三第二次调研】The British live on a small island. They are surrounded by the sea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role in their lives. After the development of large, ocean-going sailing ships in the fifteenth century, the sea became even more important to the country’s development. Ships setting sail from England determined to extend Britain’s territories, wealth and knowledge of the world. Ships returned to England bringing goods, people and new ideas from foreign places. By the nineteenth century, Britain had the largest, most powerful navy in the world.   The great sailing ships were so much a part of British life that they even affected the language. Many English expressions we use today are originally nautical(航海的) terms, although most people no longer realize this. For example, people commonly describe an honest and fair business deal as being “above board”. This expression was originally used in sailing ship times when secretive and dishonest business would be carried out below deck (below the boards) out of public view. On the other hand, honest business was always conducted on deck (above the boards), in the open where everyone could see what was going on.   “Pipe down!”, meaning “Be quiet!”, is another common expression that has nautical origins. The ship’s boatswain (水手长) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at the end of the day to indicate(示意) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep.   Most native English speakers have heard the expression “not enough room to swing a cat”, but few know that the “cat” does not refer to a small furry animal with four legs and a tail. The “cat” is actually a short form of “cat of nine tails”—a whip with nine, knotted(打结的) tails. A boatswain needed a lot of space in order to swing the whip properly when lashing(鞭打) a poor sailor under his control!5. The British have been strongly influenced by the sea because         . A. they occupied more land around the world  B. they got more wealth from the seaC. they live on an island surrounded by the sea  D. they had the largest navy ever6. If someone is open and above board, it means he is         . A. secretive   B. honest   C. cheerful    D. dishonest7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Sailors need to go to sleep when they hear a whistle.B. Sailors will be whipped if they do business below deck.C. A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.D. There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.8. What is the passage mainly about?A. The business on British sailing ships.B. The influence of British sailors’ language on English.C. The sailing history of England.D. The sailing story of British sailors.C【2020桂林市崇左市联合模拟考试】The world is a greener place than it was 20 years ago. A study published in the journal Nature Sustainability said that recent satellite data reveals a greening pattern that is prominent (显著的) in China and India. The study shows that human activity in China and India dominates this greening of the planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture. The effect comes mostly from ambitious tree­planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.   “China and India account for one­third of the greening,” said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. “That is a surprising finding, considering the vague idea of land degradation (毁坏) in populous countries from overexploitation,” added Chen.   China alone accounts for 25 percent of the global net increase in leaf area with only 6.6 percent of global vegetated area. The greening in China is from forests (42 percent) and croplands(32 percent), but in India, it is mostly from croplands (82 percent) with the minor contribution from forests (4.4 percent).    China's outsized contribution to the global greening trend comes in large part from its programs to conserve and expand forests with the goal of preventing land degradation, air pollution, and climate change.   “Once people realize there is a problem, they tend to fix it,” said Rama Nemani, research scientist and co­author of the study. “In the 1970s and 80s in India and China, the situation around vegetation loss was not good. In the 1990s, people realized it, and today things have improved. Now we see that humans are contributing.”   Land area used to grow crops is comparable in China and India — more than 770,000 square miles — and has not changed much since the early 2000s. Yet these regions have greatly increased both their annual total green leaf area and their food production.   This was achieved through multiple cropping practices, where a field is replanted to produce another harvest several times a year. Production of grains, vegetables, fruits and more has increased by about 35%～40% since 2 000 to feed their large populations.9. What did the study mainly find?A. India and China are leading the global greening effort.B. Intensive agriculture is the cause of global land degradation.C. China and India has got the largest forest coverage in the world.D. Agriculture is more helpful in expanding green areas than tree­planting.10. How is China different from India in contributing to the global greening?A. India reduced croplands to prevent the overexploitation.B. India increased forest by planting around croplands.C. China changed more lands into forest by planting trees.D. China controlled the increase of its population.11. What does Nemani think about humans in China and India in protecting the Earth?A. Ambitious.  B. Responsible.   C. Passionate.   D. Tolerant.12. What does the passage finally suggest humans should make good use of?A. Forest.     B. Trees.    C. Croplands.   D. Food.D【武汉第二中学2019届高三五月模拟】The Visitor Oyster card   A Visitor Oyster card is the cheapest way to pay for a single adult journeyin London. It’s a plastic smartcard. You can use it on the bus, tube, tram, DLR,London Overground and most National Rail services. It’s much cheaper thanbuying individual tickets, in some cases costing 50% less than the price of a regularpaper ticket.How to get a Visitor Oyster card   You can buy a Visitor Oyster card online. Your card will be delivered by post.The card costs £5 and you choose how much money you want to add to the card.This means you can start using the card the moment you arrive in Central London.How does the Visitor Oyster card work?   The Oyster card works on a pay-as-you-go system. You start by adding money to the card. Then you travel, the cost of the fare will automatically bededucted from your Visitor Oyster card. For example, if you add £20 to thecard and make a tube journey of £2.30, you will have £17.70 left on the card.A few more points:   •A child under the age of 11 travels free when accompanied by an adult.   •You’ll save more money if you use the tube several times. The Visitor Oyster cardis “capped (给……定上限)” at £6.80 per day.   •You’ll pay more during peak times. Peak fares apply from Monday to Friday (6:30am—9:30 am; 4:00 pm —7:00 pm), except for public holidays.   •Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station, Oyster ticket shop orVisitor Centre.   •Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus services.13. What can we learn about the Visitor Oyster card?A. You can’t use it during public holidays.B. You can have it mailed directly to your home.C. You can get a free Oyster card if you order online.D. You can receive a 50% discount at any shop in London.14. How much money will be deducted if you take the tube four times in a day witha Visitor Oyster card?A. £2.30.   B. £3.40.   C. £6.80.   D. £9.20.15. Where can you add credit to your Visitor Oyster card?A. On the Internet. B. At a bus station. C. At a tube station. D. In convenience stores. II. 语法填空【2020新高考全国I卷】 Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries,   16   (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big  17  until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,    18    (form) the core collection of the British Museum    19    opened in 1759.   The parts of a museum open to the public    20    (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection    21    (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.   Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine    22    (they) living at a different time in history or    23   (walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical     24     (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete    25    people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.   III.完形填空【2020新高考全国I卷】Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second  26  . He learned the value and beauty of   27   there from a very young age.   When he was 16, Molai began to notice something  28  happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the  29  it caused had driven away a number of birds.  30  , the number of snakes had declined as well. He   31   that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the   32  . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek   33   during the daytime. He turned to the   34   department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and  35  a nearby island where he began to plant trees.    36  young plants in the dry season was  37 for a lone boy. Molai built at the  38 of each sapling(幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to  39  rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.   Molai   40  to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.26. A. dream   B. job   C. home   D. choice27. A. nature   B. youth   C. culture  D. knowledge28. A. precious   B. interesting C. disturbing  D. awkward29. A. waste    B. tension  C. pain   D. damage30. A. Besides   B. However  C. Therefore  D. Otherwise31. A. agreed   B. realized  C. remembered D. predicted32. A. noise    B. heat   C. disease  D. dust33. A. directions   B. partners  C. help   D. shelter34. A. labor    B. police  C. forest   D. finance35. A. rebuilt   B. discovered C. left   D. managed36. A. Decorating  B. Observing C. Watering  D. Guarding37. A. tough   B. illegal  C. fantastic  D. beneficial38. A. back    B. top   C. foot   D. side39. A. cool down  B. keep off  C. purify  D. collect40. A. returned   B. learned  C. failed   D. continued