2021届人教版一轮复习学案：选修8Unit2　Cloning

Unit 2　Cloning 单词拓展1.differ　　　　　vi.不同;相异difference n.差别;差异different adj.不同的differently adv.不同地2.undertake vt.从事;承担undertaking n.任务;事业 3.object  vi.反对;不赞成objection n.反对;异议objective adj.客观的4.forbid  vt.禁止;不准forbidden adj.禁止的;不准的5.strike  vt.& vi.打;罢工 n.罢工6.resist vt.抵抗;对抗resistance n.抵制;抗拒resistant adj.抵抗的7.bother  vt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰bothersome adj.困扰人的8.cast  vt.扔;投;掷9.attain  vt.获得10.exact  adj.精确的;准确的exactly adv.准确地;究竟11.retire  vi.退休;离开retirement n.退休retired adj.已退休的12.reasonable  adj.合情理的;公道的13.regulation  n.规则;规章;法规regulate vt.调节;管理,控制 14.correction n.改正;纠正;修正correct vt.改正;纠正;修正15.accumulate　　vt.& vi.积累;聚积accumulation n.积累;聚积 16.owe  vt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……17.assumption n. 假定;设想18.popularity n. 受人喜爱;流行19.vain adj. 虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的单词拓展短语记忆1.pay off　　　　　　　　得到好结果;偿清2.in vain 白费力气;枉费心机3.in good/poor condition 情况很好/坏4.in favour of 赞成;支持5.cast down 使失望;使沮丧6.(be) bound to (do)... 一定或注定(做)……7.object to 反对8.strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心9.from time to time 不时;偶尔10.bring back to life 使复生;使复活句型整理1.The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优势是如果发生一种新的疾病,这些动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并将抵抗那种疾病的能力传给下一代。2.The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.看起来她是在正常地成长着,这很令人鼓舞。1.differ vi.不同;相异归纳拓展①differ with sb.on sth.和某人在某事上意见不同②differ in...在……上不同③differ from...与……不同④be different from...(in...)(在……方面)与……不同⑤make a difference (to...)(对……)有影响高考运用:完成句子①The two plans 　　　　 　　　　(在……上不同) one major respect. ②People 　　　　 　　　　(与……不同) one another in their ability to handle stress. ③Whatever she says will not 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(对……有影响) our arrangements. 答案:①differ in　②differ from　③make a difference to2.undertake vt.着手,从事,进行;担任,承担,负责,答应,承诺归纳拓展①undertake a task/responsibility承担任务/责任②undertake to do sth.许诺做某事,同意做某事③undertake for...为……负责④undertake that...保证……高考运用:语法填空①We must act as quickly as possible now.Just tell us whether you can 　　　　(undertake) the task or not. ②She 　　　　(undertake) that she would finish the job by Friday. ③He undertook 　　　　 　　　　(pay) the money back in six months. 答案:①undertake　②undertook　③to payundertake sb.that...这一结构不正确,只可用undertake to do/that...3.object vi.不赞成;反对n.物体;目标归纳拓展①object to sb./sth.反对某人/某事②object to doing sth.反对做某事③have/take/make an objection to (doing)sth.对(做)某事表示反对高考运用:完成句子①My little experiment to find joy in a single 　　　　(物体) worked for both of us.(2019全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D) ②My mother 　　　　 　　　　(反对) my applying for the post. ③I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(反对) charging for parking. 答案:①object　②objected to　③object to/have an objection to写作联想:高考运用③其他表达方式①I am opposed to charging for parking.②I am against charging for parking.4.forbid vt.禁止;不准归纳拓展①forbid sb.to do sth.=forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事②forbid (doing) sth.禁止(做)某事③forbidding adj.令人望而却步的高考运用:完成句子①Most parents 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(禁止他们的孩子去……) swimming alone in the river. ②Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money,but at that time these amounts were　　　　(令人望而却步)to most citizens.(2019全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C) ③The new law 　　　　 　　　　(禁止吸烟) in offices. 答案:①forbid their children from going/to go②forbidding　③forbids smokingforbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语,但可直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语,也可用 forbid sb.to do sth.形式,有类似用法的单词还有:allow,permit,advise 等。5.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……归纳拓展①owe sth. to sb.把某事物归功于某人;应感激某人②owe sb. sth.(=owe sth. to sb.)欠某人某物③owing to...因为,由于(一般作状语)高考运用:完成句子①He 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(把身体健康归功于) plenty of exercise and a regular life. ②We still 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(欠汽修厂) $50 for those repairs. ③The train was late 　　　　 　　　　(由于) the bad weather. 答案:①owes his good health to　②owe the garage　③owing to6.resist vt.抗拒,抵制,对抗,忍住归纳拓展①resist (doing) sth.抵制(干)某事②can’t/couldn’t resist doing sth./can’t help doing sth.忍不住干某事高考运用:语法填空①Make sure you 　　　　(resist) the urge to answer every message you receive. ②The boy couldn’t resist 　　　　(show) off his being praised by the teacher on arriving home. ③The 　　　　(resist) to vaccine has continued for decades,and it is driven by a real but very small risk.(2019北京,阅读理解C) 答案:①resist　②showing　③resistance7.pay off 得到好结果;取得成功(不及物动词短语);偿清(及物动词短语)归纳拓展①pay for sth.付某物的钱;为某事物付出代价②pay (sb. money) for sth.因某事而付某人钱③pay back 偿还(欠款);报复;回报④pay a visit to拜访⑤pay attention to注意高考运用:完成句子①The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be　　　　　　　　(获得回报).(2019全国Ⅰ,完形填空) ②With a low salary,I am unable to 　　　　 　　　　(偿清) the bank loan in ten years. ③He paid the doctor and 　　　　 　　　　(支付) his medicine,too. ④That I can 　　　　 　　　　(回报) the help people give me makes me happy. 答案:①paying off　②pay off　③paid for④pay back8.in vain白费力气;枉费心机归纳拓展①in advance提前②in debt负债③in order井然有序④in return作为回报⑤in danger处于危险状态中高考运用:完成句子①I tried every means to get them to be quiet but 　　　　 　　　　(白费力气). ②He would call 　　　　 　　　　(提前) to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.(2019天津卷) ③Some teachers find it hard to keep their classes 　　　　 　　　　(井然有序). ④He was always ready to help others;　　　　 　　　　(作为回报),he was liked by everyone. 答案:①in vain　②in advance　③in order　④in return9.The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优势是如果发生一种新的疾病,这些动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并将抵抗那种疾病的能力传给下一代。The advantage is that...优势是……,此处that引导的是表语从句。在这个表语从句中,if there is a new illness是条件状语从句,后面的some of these animals may die和 others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation是表语从句中的主句。归纳拓展①The problem is that...问题是……②One idea is that...一种观点是……③The chance is/Chances are that...有可能……④There is no chance that...没有可能……高考运用:完成句子①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(问题是……) countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish. ②　　　　　　　　　　　　(一种优势是)of planting trees is that they can provide people with oxygen. ③　　　　　　　　　　　　(有可能)you will be attracted by the traditional art. 答案:①The problem is that　②One advantage　③Chances are that/ The chance is that