2020版高考新创新一轮复习英语北师大版学案：选修8Unit23Conflict

Unit 23 Conflict

一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效

Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．friction n. 　　　　　　不和，冲突
2．recipe n. 配方；食谱
3．holy adj. 圣洁的
4．memorial n. 纪念碑
5．minister n. 部长，大臣
6．civilian n. 平民
7．prejudice n. 偏见
8．racial adj. 种族之间的
9．community n. 社区
10．alcoholic n. 酗酒者，酒鬼
11．laundry n. 洗衣房；要洗的衣服
12．antique n. 古董
13．statesman n. 政治家
14．westwards adv. 向西
15．sculpture n. 雕刻，雕塑
16．commercial n. (电视)广告
17．theoretical adj. 理论的
18．compass n. 指南针，罗盘
19．allowance n. _零用钱；津贴
20．slavery n. 奴隶制度
21．frontier n. 边境，边界
22.surgeon n．　　　　　　　　　外科医生
23．confidential adj. 秘密的
24．firework n. 烟花，烟火
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．betray_vt.　　　　　　　　出卖，背叛
2．justice n. 正义，公正
3．compromise n. 妥协，让步
4．departure n. 离开，离去
5．classify vt. 把……分类
6．subscribe_vi. 订阅(杂志或报纸)
7．tip n. 有用的建议
8．contradict vt. 反驳，纠正
9．greet vt. 问候，致意
10．sob vi. 抽泣，呜咽
11．unconscious adj. 失去知觉的
12．swear vi. 发誓
13．acquaintance n. 相识的人
14．sponsor vt. 赞助
15．despite prep. 不管
16．stable adj. 稳固的
17．draft vt. 起草
18．expense n. 费用，开支
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．immigration n．移居；移民入境→immigrate vi.移入→immigrant n．移民
2．expose vt.暴露；使置身于危险中→exposure n．暴露
3．appoint vt.任命，委任→appointment n．任命，委任；约定→appointed adj.约定的
4．possession n．私有物品→possess vt.拥有；占有
5．representative n．代表→represent vt.代表
6．distribute vt.分发，分配→distribution n．分配；配给
7．consume vt.喝；消费，消耗→consumer n．消费者→consumption n．消费
8．strengthen vt.(使)变强，加强→strength n．力量；力气→strong adj.强壮的
9．intend vt.想要，打算→intention n．意图；意向；目的
10．socialism n．社会主义→socialist n．社会主义者 adj.社会主义的→society n．社会
11．furnished adj.配有家具的→furnish v．(在房屋等)布置家具；提供
12．adolescent adj.青春期的 n．青少年→adolescence n．青少年时期
13．remark v．谈到；谈论，评论 n．谈论，评论→remarkable adj.不平常的
[语境活用]
1．The man looks strong,_but he has no strength to lift the heavy box. He needs to strengthen his body.(strength)
2．The Red Cross is distributing food and clothing to the refugees. The distribution of food and clothing makes them moved to tears.(distribute)
3．Since he is a representative of our company, what he says and what he does represent our company.(representative)
4．Xiao Li made an appointment with the manager and arrived at the appointed time. Later, he was appointed as a more important post.(appoint)
5．He is said to be a Tuhao. This luxury car is in the possession of him. He also possesses several other cars.(possess)
6．Prolonged (长久的) exposure to harmful radiation will cause great harm to your health, so never expose yourself to it.(expose)
7．Tom intended to give his mum a surprise for her birthday. Therefore, he tried his best to hide his intention,_and at last he made it.(intend)
8．Obama made a remarkable speech after being elected president a second time. His remarks_ inspired many American people.(remark)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.be_exposed_to　　　　处于可能受伤害的境地
2．hand_over_ 把……交给
3．stand_up_for 保护，维护；保卫
4．put_forward 提议，提出
5．send_for 派人去请/叫……
6．call_in_ 请(某人)
7．have_a_gift_for 有……的天赋
8．hold_out_ (在困境中)坚持
9．call_on 要求……介入；呼吁
10．look_down_on 看不起……
11．keep_one's_word 遵守诺言
12．come_about 发生
13．in_peace 和平地
14．look_into 调查
15．sort_out 解决(问题或困难)；分类
16．give_in_ 让步，屈服
1.They set up a working group to look_into the problem.
2．I think all your friends will stand_up_for you.
3．The old man made a will to hand_over all his money to the girl.
4．The enemy will have to give in; they can't hold_out for long.
5．Since she is seriously ill, we have to send_for a doctor at once.
6．How did the accident come_about since he drove at a speed of forty miles per hour?
7．If you can't sort_out the difficulty yourself, I will ask Tom to help you.
8．Two policemen have been called_in to help solve the problem.
9．Plans have been put_forward to pull down and rebuild the area.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Yang Ming's neighbours say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.
杨明的邻居们说处于这样的噪音中快要被逼疯了。
being exposed to ...为分词短语，在句中作原因状语。
受到大暴雨的袭击，他们感到很无助。
Being_struck_by_the_heavy_storm,_ they felt helpless.
2.Had they known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldn't have moved into the building.
要是知道他们的邻居是个鼓手，他们就不会搬进来了。
虚拟语气的倒装：如果条件句中含有were，should或had，有时可将if省略，把were should或had移到主语之前。
如果他赶上了早班火车，他就不会开会迟到了。
Had_he_caught_the morning train, he would_not_have_been_late for the meeting.
3.No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night's sleep.
他们一搬进来，噪音就开始了，他们几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。
no sooner ...than ...“一……就……”， no sooner放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
(2017·北京高考书面表达)我们一看到这个视频，回忆便如潮水般地涌出，这更加强了与我们学校的坚固纽带。
No_sooner_had_we_seen_the_video_than the memories of the past came flooding back, which further strengthen a firm bond to our school.
4.In fact, the more I use the bike, the more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.
事实上，尽管我按照说明书认真去做，但是我骑车的次数越多，体重似乎增加的就越多。
the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...意为“越……，就越……”。
不要泄气，你学习越刻苦，进步就越大。
Don't lose heart. The_harder you study, the_greater_progress you'll make.
二、课堂重点深化

1．betray vt.出卖，背叛
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①The suspect was terrified of saying something that would make him betray_himself.
嫌疑犯害怕说出暴露他本来面目的一些事情。
②It is typical of him never to betray_others'_trust.
从不辜负别人的信任，那是他一贯的风格。
③The expression on his face betrayed_his_nervousness_to me.
他面部的表情向我暴露了他的紧张。
　[系统归纳]
betray ... to ...　　　　 将……出卖(泄露)给……
betray one's trust 辜负某人的信任
betray oneself 暴露本来面目；原形毕露
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④They had been betraying state secrets for Russia for years.第一个for→to
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·陕西高考书面表达)我确信我绝不会辜负你的信任。如果你能给予我善意的关注，我将不胜感激。
I_am_sure_that_I_will_never_betray_your_trust.I_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_give_me_a_kind_consideration.
2．distribute vt.分发，分配；散布，分布
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The unfair distribution (distribute) of social resources has led to a series of serious problems in China and the government has decided to take measures to improve it.
②The dealer appointed his assistant to distribute some new TV sets to the poor villages.
③The teacher was distributing the sweets among the children when a boy burst out crying.
　[系统归纳]
(1)distribute sth. to　　　　　 把某物分(配、发)给……
distribute sth. among 在……中分配/分发
(2)distribution n. 分发；分配
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④The head of the department distributed the prizes for the winners.for→to/among_
佳句时时写
⑤(2018·北京高考书面表达)为了纪念这难忘的一天，活动结束后，大家手里拿着我分发给他们的茶包拍照留念。
At_the_end_of_the_activity,_holding_the_tea_bags_distributed_to_them_by_me_in_our_hands,_we_took_a_picture_to_memorize_the_unforgettable_day.
3．expense n．费用，开支
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①If you are not satisfied, please return it at_our_expense and your money will be given back to you.
如果你不满意，请寄还给我们，费用由我们承担，并且你的钱将退还给你。
②We will spare_no_expense to protect our country from being invaded.
我们将不惜一切代价来保护我们的国家不受侵略。
③His fame was bought at_the_expense_of health and happiness.
他获得了名声，牺牲了健康和幸福。
　[系统归纳]
at sb.'s expense＝at the expense of sb.　 由某人付费
at the expense of　　　　　　 以(损害)……为代价
spare no expense 不惜费用；不惜代价
free of expense 免费
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④He succeeded by the expense of his health.by→at
佳句时时写
⑤(2016·北京高考书面表达)地球日之前，我们班举行了一场激烈的讨论。大家一致同意，我们不能以牺牲我们的环境为代价发展经济。
Before_Earth_Day,_our_class_held_a_heated_discussion.All_agreed_on_the_suggestion_that_we_shouldn't_develop_our_economy_at_the_expense_of_our_environment.
4．appoint vt.任命，委任；安排，确定
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I have an appointment (appoint) with Mary, but I need to change it.
②It's said that new headmaster has just been appointed to_manage (manage) the whole school.
完成句子
③Now that you have_made_an_appointment_with_your friend, you should keep_the_appointment.
既然你已经和朋友约好了，你就应该守约。
④I heard him saying to the nurse that he had_an_appointment_with the community patient at 9：00.
我听他给护士说他9点钟与社区的病人有约。
⑤Sam has_been_appointed_as/to_be_manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.
山姆已经被指定代替乔治担任工程部经理。
　[系统归纳]
(1)appoint sb. to be/as sth. 　 　　 　 任命某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 任命，委任；约会
make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会
keep/break an appointment 守/违约
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥I have made an appointment to my dentist to have my tooth pulled out this afternoon.第一个to→with
佳句时时写
⑦(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)不能和你一起按照约定的时间去书店，我很抱歉。
I'm_sorry_that_I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you_by_the_appointed_time.
5．possession n．[C]私有物品，财产(pl.); [U]拥有，占有
　[自主体验]
单句改错/句型转换
①As we all know, the big houses are people's most valued possession.possession→possessions
②The car is now in the possession of Tom.
→Tom is now in possession of the car.
完成句子
③My friend, Bob, _takes_possession_of most of the company's shares, and the rest are _in_the_possession_of other workers.
我的朋友 Bob 拥有公司大多数股份，剩余的是由其他的员工持有。
④Although he doesn't_possess_much_money,_he is_possessed_of good health.
虽然他没有很多钱，但是他拥有健康的身体。
　[系统归纳]
(1)take/have possession of　　　　 占有，拥有
sb.be in possession of sth.
＝sth. be in the possession of sb.
＝sth. be in one's possession 某物为某人所有
(2)possess vt. 具有；占有；控制
be possessed of 拥有，具有，占有
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(in the possession of/in possession of)
⑤The ball was in_the_possession_of their opponents most of the match.
⑥You can't be in_possession_of the house until you pay off your loan.
佳句时时写
⑦(2014·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)那时候我将28岁了，将有自己的家庭，也许会有一个可爱的孩子。
I_will_be_twenty­eight_years_old_by_then.I_will_possess_my_own_family,_probably_with_a_lovely_child.
[名师指津]　in possession of“拥有，占有”的主语常是人，表示主动；in the possession of主语常是事物，表示“被……占有(拥有)”。与之用法类似的常见短语还有：in charge of“负责……”， in the charge of “由……负责”；in control of “控制……”，in the control of“由……控制”。
6．intend vt.想要，打算；设计，计划
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I intended to_make/making (make) full use of this summer holiday to travel to the places where I want to go.
②He intends his secretary to_draw (draw) up the important document.
句型转换
③They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
→They_intended to have gone into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
完成句子
④The advertisement is_intended_for the students of all ages.
这个广告是专门针对各个年龄段的学生的。
⑤He left his hometown with_the_intention_of looking for a good job in the big city.
他离开家乡，打算到大城市寻找一份好工作。
⑥Mary has_no_intention_of marrying Tom this winter.
Mary没有打算今年冬季嫁给Tom。
　[系统归纳]
(1)intend sb.to do sth.　　 打算让某人做某事
intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事
had intended to do sth.＝intended to have done sth.
本打算做某事
(2)intended adj. 打算的；计划的
be intended for 专供……使用；专为……设计
(3)intention n. 意图，打算，计划
have no intention of doing sth. 不打算做某事；无意做某事
with the intention of 为了，以……为目的或意图
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦I intended to come to the party, but I was too busy.intended前加had
佳句时时写
⑧(2014·广东高考书面表达)Richard计划40岁生日前找到40位同年同月同日生的人且根据此经历写一本书。
Richard_intends_to_find_40_time_twins_before_his_40th_birthday_and_he_is_going_to_write_a_book_based_on_this_experience.
7．remark vt.& vi.说起，谈到；谈论，评论；察觉 n．谈论，评论
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①They are remarking on/upon the prosperous look of the countryside.
②She saw a slow but remarkable (remark) improvement in her classroom performance last year.
③The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by avoiding making critical remarks (remark)．
句型转换
④It's bad manners to remark on the appearance of others.
→It's bad manners to make a remark on/about the appearance of others.
⑤As we all know, China is famous for its long history.
→As we all know, China is remarkable for its long history.
　[系统归纳]
(1)remark that ...　　　　　　 评论……
remark on/upon sth./sb. 就某事/某人发表评论
(2)make a remark on/about 就……发表意见；
对……品头论足
(3)remarkable adj. 不平常的；值得注意的
be remarkable for ＝ be known/famous for 因……而著名
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥The government official remarked the political tension in that country.remarked后加on/upon
佳句时时写
⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)更重要的是，欢迎大家参与进来，欣赏这部短片，之后进行激烈的讨论，并发表意见。
What's_more,_everyone_of_you_will_be_welcome_to_participate_in_it,_enjoying_the_short_film,_having_a_heated_discussion_afterwards_and_making_a_remark_about_it.
8．expose vt.显露，露出；暴露；使置身于危险中；揭露；使接触(新事物)
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中expose的含义
①He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of white teeth. 露出
②The soldiers were warned to remain hidden and not to expose themselves.暴露
③The play, Death of a Salesman, exposes the cruelty of the American business world.揭露
④We want to expose the kids to as much art as possible. 使接触
单句语法填空
⑤The newspaper exposed his secret to the public.
⑥Travelling abroad exposes children to different languages and cultures.
⑦After only a short exposure (expose) to sunlight his face began to turn red.
完成句子
⑧Everyone is_exposed_to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.
无论选择何种生活方式，每个人都暴露在空气污染中。
⑨He didn't want to expose_his_fears_to_anyone.
他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧。
　[系统归纳]
(1)expose ... to ...　　 使……暴露于/面临/遭受……
(be) exposed to ... 暴露于……；处于可能受到伤害的境地
expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事
expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物；使某人面临/遭受某事
(2)exposure n. 暴露；揭露
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑩I was sitting on the beach, with my back exposing to the sun.exposing→exposed
佳句时时写
⑪(2018·北京高考书面表达)外国学生接触到中国茶馆，独特的茶具与茶杯给他们留下了深刻印象。
Exposed_to_the_tea_house,_the_foreign_students_were_impressed_by_the_unique_tea_pots_and_tea_cups.
9．classify vt.编排；把……分类；归类
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The novel written by him is classified as a science fiction.
②The children were classified into different groups according to how much they know.
③It is required that the books in the library should be classified by subject.
　[系统归纳]
classify sb./sth. 　　　　　 将某人/某物归类
be classified into ... 划分成；被分成
be classified by ... 按照……分类
be classified as 被划分为，被界定为
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④The books in the library are classified as subjects.as→by
佳句时时写
⑤(2016·江苏高考书面表达)说实话，选民有时会感到恼火，不是因为他们讨厌投票，而是因为他们按照情绪和公平分类。
To_be_honest,_voters_sometimes_feel_annoyed,_not_because_they_hate_voting,_but_because_they_are_classified_by_emotion_and_fairness.

1．hand over把……交给
　[系统归纳]
hand down　　　　　　 把……传下来
hand back 归还；交还
hand in 上交，提交
hand out 分发，散发
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①Every week a truck arrived to collect the fruit and hand over the money to them.
②It is kind of you to help me hand the books out for everyone.
③It is required that every student should hand in a paper about their subject.
④As far as I know, the vase was handed down from my grandpa.
佳句时时写
⑤(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)如果你想加入，你可以把你的照片发到邮箱：intlphotoshow@gm.school.com。
If_you_want_to_join,_you_can_hand_over_your_photos_to_the_email:_intlphotoshow@gm.school.com.
2．put forward提议，提出；推荐；将……提前
　[系统归纳]
put aside　　　　　 保留；把……放在一边；留出(一段时间)；储存(备用)
put away 把……收拾起来；存钱
put down 记下，写下；镇压
put off 推迟，延期
put out 关(灯)；出版，发布；生产
put up 建造；张贴；安排住宿
put up with 忍受；忍耐
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①The plan put forward in the last meeting isn't accepted by everyone.
②I am so busy that I can't put aside time to accompany my family.
③Parents are coming back, and you'd better put away these things, or the room is in a mess.
④The school put up a notice to remind the students that the sports meet had been put off until the next weekend.
⑤He won't put up with anyone questioning his decisions.
佳句时时写
⑥(2016·北京高考书面表达)我们班提出的方案是充分利用使用过的材料。
The_plan_put_forward_by_our_class_is_to_make_the_best_of_used_materials.
3．look into调查；了解
　[系统归纳]
look up　　　　　　　　　 仰视；查阅
look up to sb. 尊敬某人
look forward to 盼望
look down upon/on 轻视，瞧不起
look back on/at 回顾
look through 浏览；仔细查看
look ahead (to sth.) 展望未来；为将来设想
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①She was looking through the document when her secretary walked into her office.
②He is a famous headmaster who has made contributions to our school, so everyone looks up to him.
③The children are looking forward to receiving (receive) lucky money in the Spring Festival from their parents or relatives.
④You can look_up_abundant_useful_information on the Internet if you can make full use of your computer.
如果你充分利用你的电脑的话，你就能查找到很多有用的信息。
⑤Nobody will look_up_to_you if you look_down_on/upon_yourself.
如果你自己都瞧不起自己，没有人会瞧得起你。
⑥It is time for us to look_back_on_the_past_and_look_ahead_to_the_future when the new year comes.
当新年到来时，该是我们回顾过去、展望未来的时候了。
佳句时时写
⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我盼望着你的到来并在不久的将来和我一起体验它。
I'm_looking_forward_to_your_arrival_and_joining_me_in_experiencing_it_in_the_near_future.
4．no sooner ... than ...
　[教材原句]　No_sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night's sleep.
　[自主体验]
①No_sooner_had_the_football_game_begun than it started raining.
足球比赛才刚刚开始就下起雨来了。
②(2014·湖北高考)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharply, “Don't be so mean，”pointing a finger of warning at her.
Sabrina的话音刚落，Albert就冲她伸出一根手指表示警告，并且厉声说：“别那么小气”。
　[归纳点拨]
(1)no sooner ... than ...表示“一……就……；刚……就……”，主句常用过去完成时，than从句中常用一般过去时。当no sooner位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
(2)类似句型：hardly/scarcely ... when ...。
　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2017·北京高考写作佳句)No sooner had we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school than we took actions.
②(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考满分作文)Hardly had the foreign students arrived at the tea house when they were attracted immediately by the unique tea pots and tea cups.
5．the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...
　[教材原句]　In fact, the_more_ I use the bike, the_more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.
　[自主体验]
①(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)The_more you learn and the_more you try, the_more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.
你学的与尝试的越多，你就会有越多控制你的食物和日程的能力。
②The_warmer the weather is, the_better the crops will grow.
天气越暖和，庄稼长得就越好。
③The_sooner,_the better.
越快越好。
　[归纳点拨]
(1)the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
(2)从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句。
(3)此结构可以用省略形式。
　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2014·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)I think the more you travel around the world, the more colorful your life become.
②(精彩收尾句)(2014·福建高考满分作文)My father came and encouraged me that the more you practiced, the better you did well in your riding.

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She found a company to sponsor (赞助) her through college.
2．It is well known that running a car is a great expense (费用)．
3．Her husband always contradicted (反驳) everything she said.
4．The boys are arguing over the justice (公正) of the matter.
5．I didn't betray (背叛) my king to another for gold or power.
6．He became unconscious (失去知觉的) after being hit by a stone.
7．In the study, families are classified (把……分类) according to their income.
8．He has a lot of business acquaintances (相识的人) but very few real friends.
9．After a long talk, my parents and I reached a compromise (妥协) on my monthly expense.
10．To learn English, he subscribed (订阅) to an English newspaper China Daily when he was in college.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．They could not agree about the distribution (distribute) of the profits.
2．He was the school's representative (represent) at the important meeting.
3．He had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he betrayed himself (he)．
4．These houses located in the centre of the city are his personal possessions (possess)．
5．More efforts should be made to strengthen (strength) the connection between the two sides.
6．I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.I intended to_join/joining (join) a Dragon Boat training camp.
7．There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure(expose) to the sun and skin cancer.
8．Ellen later regretted her remarks (remark) about his private affairs.
9．He was handing out the exercise books when a telephone call was for him.
10．The high tax made the consumers (consume) unwilling to buy alcohol, which is welcomed for most people.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．Could you remark in what happened just now？in→on/upon
2．He is in the possession of a large property in the country.去掉第一个the
3．The long the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer. long→longer
4．The old man intends that his son manages the company.manages→manage
5．We were taken out for a meal in the company's expense.in→at
6．No sooner have we reached the top of the hill than we all sat down to rest.have→had
7．People can put up being poor, but few can bear unhappiness.up后加with
8．Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receive your earliest reply. receive→receiving
9．The magazine intended to the retired turned out to be a great success. 第一个to→for
10．Children exposing to difficult situations are better at handling those challenging tasks.exposing→exposed
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．They had not been_exposed_to most diseases common to urban populations.
城市人口中多数常见的疾病他们都没有接触到。
2．Happiness should not be achieved at_the_expense_of others' interests.
幸福不能以别人的利益为代价而获得。
3．I've always held the belief that the_more_people_have,_the_more_they_want.
我总是持有这一信念：人们拥有的越多，想要的也就越多。
4．I like to_look_back_on_my_high_school_days,_which were the happiest in my life.
我喜欢回顾我的中学时代，那是我生命中最快乐的时光。
5．The manager won't see you unless you make_an_appointment_with_him in advance.
除非你事先和他有约，否则经理不会见你。

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“战争与冲突”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
话题词汇记一记
子话题(一)　战争与冲突的类型
温故
浅易
词汇
①fight　　　　②quarrel　　　　 ③feelings
④hurt ⑤argue ⑥war
⑦fierce ⑧argument ⑨occupy
识记
生疏
词汇
①violence n．暴力　　　　　 ②terrorism n．恐怖主义
③invader n．侵略者 ④conflict n．冲突
⑤improper adj.不当的 ⑥stupid adj.愚蠢的
⑦discouraging adj.令人沮丧的 ⑧violent adj.暴力的
⑨bully n．欺凌 ⑩moral n．道德

子话题(二)　解决战争与冲突的方法

温故
浅易
词汇
①winner　　　　②wound　　　　③apologize
④rescue ⑤forgive ⑥peace
⑦declare ⑧force ⑨explanation
识记
生疏
词汇
①protest n．抗议，反对　 ②investigate v．调查
③defend vt.防守；保卫 ④guard n．警卫
⑤generously adv.慷慨地 ⑥harmonious adj.和谐的
⑦army adj.军队的 ⑧reject vt.拒绝
⑨resist vt.抵制 ⑩justification n．理由；辩护
⑪weapon n．武器 ⑫surrender v．投降；放弃

常用词块忆一忆
①threaten one's security interest 威胁某人的安全利益
②vote on 就……表决，投票表决
③declare war on ... 向……宣战
④put down 镇压
⑤a useless major 一个无用的专业
⑥let down 失望
⑦there is no arguing that ... 毫无争议……
⑧speak without thinking 不假思索地说
⑨school violence 校园暴力
⑩play a major role in 在……中扮演重要角色
⑪lead to tragedy 导致悲剧
⑫the coldness of crowds and bystanders
人群和旁观者的冷漠
⑬defend their bullying behavior 为他们的欺凌行为辩护
⑭a war story 一个战争故事
⑮cut their heads 砍掉他们的头颅
⑯lead them to be free 领导他们解放
⑰the sign of China's promoting 中国发展的标志
写作佳句背一背
①Let's work harder to get rid of any kind of fights and conflicts.
②Most of the people around the world are enjoying the peace which everybody longs for.
③No Peace, No Development.
④Generally, war is disgusting, but peace is welcome.
⑤To reduce the possibility of war to the lowest extent, I have two suggestions.
二、话题书面表达亮一点

假如你是李华，昨天晚饭时你的同学Mary告诉你她打算报考历史专业，但是你说了打击她的话，令她很失望。请用英语给她写一封道歉信，要点如下：
1．向她表示道歉；
2．表达你现在的认识；
3．请求她的原谅。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句

apologize, tell, a useless major, speak without thinking, consider, feelings, bring, hurt, there is no arguing that, improper, let down, generously, forgive, wish, friendship, continue　　
1．我写信道歉。
I'm_writing_to_apologize.
2．我不应该告诉你那件事。
I_shouldn't_have_told_you_it._
3．历史是一门无用的专业。
History_was_a_useless_major.
4．我不假思索地就说了并且没有考虑到你的感受。
_I_spoke_without_thinking_and_I_didn't_consider_your_feelings.
5．这给你带来了一些伤害。
This_brought_you_some_hurt.
6．毫无争议我说的不恰当。
There_is_no_arguing_that_what_I_said_was_improper.
7．我早该知道你会有多失望。
I_should_have_known_how_let_down_you_would_be.
8．我感到非常抱歉并真诚地希望你能大方地原谅我。
I'm_so_sorry_and_I_hope_that_you_can_generously_forgive_me.
9．希望我们的友谊可以继续下去。
Wish_our_friendship_can_be_continued._
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
10．在第1句后加入状语“因为我昨天吃饭时对你说的话”。
I'm_writing_to_apologize_for_what_I_said_to_you_at_dinner_yesterday.
11．在第5句中加入状语“在你的感情上”。
This_brought_you_some_hurt_in_your_feelings.
12．在第7句后加上表原因的修饰语“得到朋友这样令人沮丧的回复”。
I_should_have_known_how_let_down_you_would_be_to_get_such_a_discouraging_response_from_a_friend.
13．在第8句中加入状语“为我愚蠢的话”。
I'm_so_sorry_for_my_stupid_words_and_I_hope_that_you_can_generously_forgive_me.

第三步：语写美——词句升格
14．用take ... into consideration结构替换第4句中consider，然后用which引导的非限制性定语从句与第11句合并。
I_spoke_without_thinking_and_didn't_take_your_feelings_into_consideration,_which_brought_you_some_hurt_in_your_feelings.
15．用that引导的宾语从句合并第2句与第3句。
I_shouldn't_have_told_you_that_history_was_a_useless_major.
16．用并列连词and连接第6句与第12句。
There_is_no_arguing_that_what_I_said_was_improper,_and_I_should_have_known_how_let_down_you_would_be_to_get_such_a_discouraging_response_from_a_friend.

第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文

Dear_Mary，
I'm_writing_to_apologize_for_what_I_said_to_you_at_dinner_yesterday._I_shouldn't_have_told_you_that_history_was_a_useless_major._Even_worse,_I_spoke_without_thinking_and_didn't_take_your_feelings_into_consideration,_which_brought_you_some_hurt_in_your_feelings.
There_is_no_arguing_that_what_I_said_was_improper,_and_I_should_have_known_how_let_down_you_would_be_to_get_such_a_discouraging_response_from_a_friend._In_a_word,_I'm_so_sorry_for_my_stupid_words_and_I_hope_that_you_can_generously_forgive_me.Wish_our_friendship_can_be_continued.
Yours，
Li_hua

Ⅰ.根据提示填空
Wars lead to disasters to countries and people all over the world. People love peace and a ❶harmonious (harmony) society. The following tells ❷a_war_story (一个战争故事) and its effects on the world.
For the sake of ❸occupying (occupy) China, the army of Japan ran sham battles again and again, from June 1937. Finally, on 7th July, Japanese ❹army (arm) held a sham battle near by Chinese garrison without consulting Chinese locality authorities, and said that they had lost a soldier (maybe two), they claimed to go into Wanping County Beiping City (now Beijing City) to look for him. Chinese ❺rejected (reject) their claim.
Chinese ❻resisted (resistance) Japanese army for eight years. Japanese army killed many Chinese, including man and woman, old and young, they ❼cut_their_heads (砍掉他们的头颅) with the bayonet, then took the baby out and killed. No one Chinese will forget this period! Mr. Mao Zedong, the chairman of China, ❽led_them_to_be_free (领导他们解放). On 15th Aug 1945, the War of Resistance Against Japan was finished, the ❾winner (win) is China!
The War has its own significance. It's the_sign_of_China's_promoting (中国发展的标志). It is also the mark for China to be successful all of the world!
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
wound， invader， justification， bully， violence， play a major role in， lead to tragedy， the coldness of crowds and bystanders， defend their bullying behavior
The effect of bullying (欺凌) can be serious and even ❶lead_to_tragedy. Unfortunately, not much research is done into it.The link between bullying and school violence has attracted increasing attention since 1999. That year, two students with shotguns, both of whom had been considered gifted and who had been bullied for years, killed 13 people, ❷wounded 24 and then committed suicide. A year later, an analysis by the U．S. government found that bullying ❸played_a_major_role_in more than two­thirds of the campus violence.
Research indicates that the victim often becomes the bully. Many ❹invaders throughout history have tried to ❺defend_their_bullying_behavior by claiming that they themselves were bullied. Hitler, for example, is claimed to have been a victim of bullying in his childhood. Although there is no ❻justification for bullying, many of the worst humans in history have indeed been bullies and victims of bullying.
Since bullying is often ignored, it may provide an important clue in crowd behavior and passers­by behavior. Psychologists have been puzzled by ❼the_coldness_of_crowds_and_bystanders when crimes occur in crowded places. Many of them have suggested bullying as one of the reasons of the coldness. When someone is ❽bullied,_it is not only the bully but the victim who are becoming less sensitive to ❾violence.The friends and classmates of the bully and the victim also accept the violence as normal. In this sense, bullying affects not only the bullied but his friends and classmates and the whole society.

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.
2．(2018·北京高考)—Good morning, Mr.Lee's office.
—Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment (appoint) for next Wednesday afternoon.
3．(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
4．(2014·陕西高考)No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
5．(2014·辽宁高考)The harder (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用appoint, expose, tip, give in, possess, intend, hold out, greet填空)
1．(2014·安徽高考)She asked me where I was staying and next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the __51__ time to take me to Disney World. She spent some time with me before leaving me to explore alone. ____________
2．(2014·辽宁高考)Several weeks later, when I described the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, “You made a classic mistake. You're stuck in your own way of thinking. You didn't __52__ to be late. But that's not the point. What is important in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor.” He pointed out that I focused on the intention while Eleanor focused on the result.____________
3．(2014·重庆高考)Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them. Here are some __29__ on how to fit in.____________
4．(2013·浙江高考)The moment I arrived in Paris, I was __26__ by a nice French couple who would become my host parents.____________
5．(2013·江西高考)She would scream and kick and lie on the floor drumming her heels. Her parents always __38__.____________
6．(2012·北京高考)As I grew older and was __37__ to more, my interests in the world of dance certainly varied but that little girl's dream of someday becoming a dancer in the company never left me.____________
7．(2012·浙江高考)“I'd like to return it if it's yours，” Oscar said, __32__ the umbrella as if presenting a gift that had long been wished for.____________
8．(2009·全国卷Ⅱ)I've discovered I __35__ a large number of different talents (才能) and skills that I never would have thought were within me had it not been for my being open to trying new opportunities.____________
答案：1.appointed　2.intend　3.tips　4.greeted
5．gave in　6.exposed　7.holding out　8.possess

二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：在人们的共同生活中，冲突是司空见惯的，在日常生活中，人们总会产生不同意见、不同需求等，“冲突”类话题在高考中也经常出现。此类话题主要与发生在人们日常生活中的一些文化、习俗等方面的冲突有关。通过阅读此类话题的文章，考生不仅可以了解不同文化习俗方面的差异，还可以提升自己解决问题的能力。建议考生平时多关注日常生活中与文化、习俗等方面相关的冲突的材料。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加黑词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
I was attending a party one night and during the dinner, the man sitting next to me told a humorous story and spoke of a quotation.
The storyteller mentioned that the quotation was from the Bible. He was wrong. I knew that; I knew it positively. There couldn't be the slightest doubt about it. And so, to get a feeling of importance and display my high quality, I appointed myself as an unwelcome committee member to correct him. He_stuck_to_his_guns. “What? From Shakespeare? Impossible! Absurd! That quotation was from the Bible.”
Frank Gammond, an old friend of mine, was seated at my left hand, who had devoted years to the study of Shakespeare, so the storyteller and I agreed to submit the question to him. Frank listened, kicked me under the table and then declared, “Dale, you are wrong.”
On our way home, I demanded an explanation from Frank, “Frank, you knew that quotation was from Shakespeare.”
“Yes, of course，” he replied. “But we were guests at a festive occasion. Why prove to a man he was wrong? Why not let him save his face? He didn't ask for your opinion. He didn't want it. Why argue with him？” The man who said that taught me a lesson I'll never forget. I not only had made the storyteller uncomfortable, but had put my friend in an embarrassing situation. How much better it would have been if I hadn't become argumentative.
Nine times out of ten, an argument ends with each of the competitors more firmly convinced than ever that he is absolutely right. You can't win an argument. You can't because if you lose it, you lose it; if you win it, you lose it.
语篇解读：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。在一场争论中，大部分情况下双方都不会改变自己持有的观点，反而会更加坚定，因此不要轻易与他人争论。
1．At the party, the author tried to get a feeling of importance by ________.
A．telling a humorous story
B．showing off his rich knowledge
C．teaching the storyteller a lesson
D．correcting the storyteller's mistake
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And so, to get a feeling of importance and display my high quality ... to correct him”可知，为了获得一种被看重的感觉，作者纠正了那位讲故事的人的错误。
2．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means that ________.
A．the storyteller realized he was wrong
B．the storyteller didn't change his mind
C．the storyteller felt sorry for what he said
D．the storyteller wanted to fight with the author
解析：选B　句意理解题。根据画线句后面的“What? From Shakespeare? Impossible! Absurd! That quotation was from the Bible”可知，他听到作者的指正后并没有改变自己的观点，因此B项与画线句语义一致。
3．How did the author feel about the event that happened at the party in the end?
A．Regretful.　　　　　　　 　B．Thankful.
C．Satisfied. D．Confused.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“How much better it would have been if I hadn't become argumentative”可推知，作者后来对自己在宴会上的行为感到非常后悔。
4．What does the author learn from his friend Frank?
A．Have an open mind.
B．Respect others' opinion.
C．Never get into an argument.
D．Avoid making mistakes in public.
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章内容尤其是最后一段中的“You can't win an argument. You can't because if you lose it, you lose it; if you win it, you lose it.”可推知，作者从朋友那里得到的启示是：不要轻易与他人争论。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
细节理解技法(4)——熟知干扰选项特征
(1)正误并存：部分正确，部分错误；
(2)扩缩范围：是原文信息，但不是题干要求；
(3)偷换概念：符合常识，但不是题目要求的内容；
(4)以偏概全：与原句的内容极其相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩等细节上有变动；
(5)无中生有：明显不是文章的信息，与文章事实不符或相反。
如上文第1题，A、B、C三项为干扰项，A项属于扩缩范围，B项属于扩缩范围，C项属于无中生有，D项与原文第二段中“to correct him”属于同义转化，故答案为D项。



Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·名校原创预测卷五)When it comes to the best beaches in Sydney, it's hard to know where to begin.Around 100 beaches spread around the harbour and along the coast.Here are four of them.
Bronte Beach
Bronte's sea pool offers a protected ocean swim and is regarded as one of the best in Sydney — and much like beach culture itself, it's free.The nearby parkland has spacious barbecue areas for family gatherings.On public holidays, the park becomes a sea of busy people as parties take place.
Balmoral
Balmoral, on the north shore's Middle Harbour near Taronga Zoo, has an air of peace.Life moves at a more leisurely pace here.If it's loudness and pride you're after, this isn't it.What Balmoral does have overall is impressive views.And its calmness makes it a great swimming spot for families.
Garie Beach
Located in the Royal National Park, 54 kilometers south of Sydney, Garie Beach is accessible through Garie Road and isn't one for beach­lovers without a car.The large beach is very impressive, though.It's well preserved and is the perfect spot for a relaxing day away from the city.The facilities (设施) are top­grade and there's a great fishing spot off the east­facing rocks.
North Narrabeen Beach
Having some of the best and most consistent surf, the beach attracts board lovers from all over Sydney.Surfers have no discomfort making the 25­kilometer trip north to get to the three­kilometer­long beach.The northern end of the vast beach is protected from the northeasterly winds and is a surfer's destination, while the rest of it is ideal for swimming.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了悉尼的四个海滩和它们的特点。
1．What do Bronte Beach and Balmoral have in common?
A．They are both family­friendly.
B．They both charge no admission fee.
C．They both allow of a feeling of peace.
D．They are both most visited during holidays.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Bronte Beach部分中的“The nearby parkland has spacious barbecue areas for family gatherings”及Balmoral部分中的“its calmness makes it a great swimming spot for families”可知，这两个海滩的共同之处在于它们都很适合家庭游玩。故选A。
2．What can we know about Garie Beach?
A．It has big barbecue spots.
B．It is appealing to fishing lovers.
C．It covers an area of 54 square kilometers.
D．It has no convenient transportation.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Garie Beach部分中的“there's a great fishing spot off the east­facing rocks”可知，Garie Beach上有一个很好的钓鱼点，因此它对钓鱼爱好者是有吸引力的。故选B。
3．Which beach is suitable for people who like riding on waves?
A．Balmoral.　　　　　 　B．Garie Beach.
C．Bronte Beach. D．North Narrabeen Beach.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“surf”“the beach attracts board lovers”“Surfers”等信息可知，喜欢冲浪的人最适合去North Narrabeen Beach。故选D。
B
(2019·湖北四市七校联考)It was a normal school day for senior Solymar Solis until an unexpected visitor arrived. Her dad, Sgt. Carlos Solis Melendez, surprised her by coming home early from Kuwait and visiting her unannounced at Spring Valley High School in South Carolina.
After serving in Kuwait for nine months, Melendez returned home a week earlier than his daughter expected. He held balloons and flowers in a classroom as he sat at a student's desk to blend in with the crowd. “It came to my mind like ‘How is she going to react？’，” he recalled the heartwarming moment.“Is she going to be happy and run to me and hug me, or cry? That was all going on through my mind.”
As unsuspecting Solymar entered the classroom, she was soon overcome with emotion, immediately bursting into tears and covering her mouth. She didn't talk. She was just crying. She was overwhelmed with everything. She thought it was a dream.
Melendez was a single parent so when he was deployed (调动), he got his sister to live with his daughter. When he was coming back and talking to his sister, both of them came to the conclusion that they should do something special for his daughter. Melendez and his sister got in touch with the school, and they planned this whole being­in­the­classroom thing, and it turned out perfect.
The two are very much looking forward to some good daddy­daughter time now that he's home.“It means everything，” Melendez said of being able to surprise his daughter this way. “After all the sacrifices she's made, she deserves all the special arrangements and special occasions and celebrations. I'll do anything for my daughter. I believe I'm doing good parenting.”


语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在姐姐和女儿学校的帮助下，一位在科威特工作的父亲提前回家在女儿的教室为她准备了一个惊喜的故事。
4．How did Solymar feel at first when entering the classroom?
A．She was eager to hug her father.
B．She felt everything was as usual.
C．She got excited at seeing her father.
D．She was surprised by what she saw.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段“It was a normal school day for senior Solymar Solis”和第三段“As unsuspecting Solymar entered the classroom”可知，Solymar那天刚进入教室时感觉到一切如往常一样，故选项B正确。unsuspecting意为“无疑心的，不知情的”。
5．What was Melendez's attitude to the surprise?
A．Content. B．Astonished.
C．Touched. D．Upset.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段末句中的“and it turned out perfect”和第五段中的“she deserves all the special arrangements ... I'm doing good parenting”可以推断出，这位父亲对这次为女儿准备的惊喜是非常满意的(content)。所以选项A正确。
6．Why did Melendez plan the surprise for Solymar?
A．To get involved in her school life.
B．To show his concern for her in a special way.
C．To build a strong emotional bond with her.
D．To make up for what she lost in her growth.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段的描述可知，Solymar的父亲在外工作，把她托付给姐姐照顾，这次提前回来并在姐姐和学校的帮助下安排了这次特别的见面。同时结合第五段父亲的话可以看出，他之所以这样做就是为了弥补(make up for)Solymar在成长过程中缺失的父爱。所以选项D正确。
7．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Father's Selfless Love for His Daughter
B．Girl Expecting the Returning of Her Dad
C．Girl Surprised at School by Her Dad's Return
D．Father and Daughter's Expected Reunion
解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据全文的内容，尤其是首段第一句中的“until an unexpected visitor arrived”以及末段中的“Melendez said of being able to surprise his daughter this way”可知，父亲为了给女儿一个惊喜，所以提前回家，并在女儿所在的教室精心准备了这次见面。所以选项C体现了文章的主旨，最适合作本文标题。
C
Women have made great strides (进步) in sport.Up until 1960's Olympics, women weren't allowed to compete in running races over 200 metres in distance.Now, they can compete in every Olympic event.However, this_race is a marathon, and we're still not at the finish line.
Charlotte Edwards, Katy McLean and Kate Richardson­Walsh — these are the names of female captains who brought their English teams to victory in the highest international cups of their sports.Have you heard of them？Most likely not.Yet when I mention names like David Beckham, Andy Murray and Lewis Hamilton, undoubtedly you know these sporting legends.So why is that？Because statistically (统计学上) speaking, male sport gets over 90 percent of all sporting coverage in the media in the UK.No exposure to women's sport comes no demand and no demand comes no exposure — it's a vicious circle and seems to be a never­ending nightmare for female athletes.
However, new campaigns like This Girl Can, Girls Active and Girls Make Your Move shed light on women in sport, who in the past didn't always seem to have the brightest future.These campaigns encourage every woman — small, tall, strong, graceful, flexible, sporty and not sporty — to get involved in physical exercise and break stereotypes (陈规)．
Norway has become somewhat of a pioneer in its efforts to show gender equality in sport.It is playing a whole new ball game with the agreement to pay male and female football players equally.Its government says one can be a footballer and a feminist (女权主义者), because equal play means equal pay.
So next time someone tells you that you throw like a girl, throw it right back at them because this girl can.
语篇解读：本文是议论文。男女在体育运动方面还存在许多性别不平等的现象，人们正在努力消除这种不平等的现象。
8．What does the underlined part “this race” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．The distance for some competitive events.
B．The equality between men and women in sport.
C．The running race over two hundred metres.
D．The progress made by all the Olympic athletes.
解析：选B　词义指代题。画线词所在句的意思是：这是一场马拉松长跑，我们还没有到达终点。根据全文内容可知，在体育方面要达到男女平等仍然任重道远。因此，画线词指代的是体育方面的男女平等。
9．Why don't most people hear of female athletes' names?
A．Most people only care about winning athletes.
B．Most people don't pay attention to sporting events.
C．Female athletes are rarely reported by public media.
D．Female athletes are not as excellent as male athletes.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知，大多数人之所以没有听过女运动员的名字，是因为男性运动项目在媒体上曝光度占总运动项目的90%，而女性运动项目很少被媒体报道。
10．What is This Girl Can intended to do?
A．To advise girls to follow stereotypes in sport.
B．To inspire girls to become involved in sport.
C．To teach girls to play football in their schools.
D．To encourage girls to participate in social activities.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“These campaigns encourage every woman — small, tall, strong, graceful, flexible, sporty and not sporty — to get involved in physical exercise and break stereotypes (陈规)”可知，发起这些运动是为了鼓励女孩子们积极参加体育活动。
11．What's the Norwegian government's attitude to gender equality in sport?
A．Active. B．Indifferent.
C．Doubtful. D．Worried.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，挪威是在体育方面为实现男女平等而做出努力的先锋，男足球运动员与女足球运动员同工同酬。因此，挪威政府对在体育方面实现男女平等持积极主动的态度。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·贵阳监测)Reading is an interesting and useful thing. You can read a novel or a poem. But do you know how to read? Here's some advice for you.
Define your purpose of reading. Before you start reading, ask yourself why you are reading this book. __1__. Being specific and clear about your reading purpose not only helps you to eliminate books that you don't need to read, it also reminds you why reading the book is important to you as you are reading it. __2__.
__3__. Whether you are reading fiction or nonfiction, it's important to enjoy what you read. Your friends may recommend books that they love, but those books might not necessarily be the ones you enjoy.
Give up books that you don't enjoy. You may have selected books that are aligned (使一致) with your purpose. __4__. But as you are reading them, there may still be some books that you won't enjoy reading. Whenever you realize that you aren't enjoying the book you are reading, give it up. Remember reading shouldn't be a chore (令人厌烦的工作)．
Give yourself a deadline to complete each book. Before you read each book, ask yourself when you need to complete this book. When you don't set a deadline to complete your book, there isn't a sense of urgency. __5__， you tend to procrastinate (拖延)．
A．When something is urgent
B．When something isn't urgent
C．Because reading is very important
D．Read only what you are attracted to
E．You may have selected books that you are attracted to
F．Most people read for two main reasons — pleasure or knowledge
G．This motivates you to keep reading and complete the book faster
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，提供了几条阅读的建议。
1．解析：选F　上文提到要明确你阅读的目的，在你开始阅读之前，问问自己为什么要读这本书，而F项指出，大多数人阅读的原因有两个，一个是快乐，一个是知识，前后语义衔接，故选F项。F项中的“two main reasons — pleasure or knowledge”与文中的purpose相呼应。
2．解析：选G　上文说明确你的阅读目的不仅可以帮助你排除你不需要阅读的书，这也提醒你读(正在读的)这本书的重要性，这会激励你不断地阅读并更快地完成这本书，故G项与此处匹配。
3．解析：选D　根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为段落主题句。下文说无论你读的是小说还是非小说类纪实作品，享受你所读的东西是很重要的。D项“仅阅读能够引起你的兴趣的书”，概括准确，故选D。其中“what you are attracted to”与“enjoy what you read”相呼应。
4．解析：选E　上文提到你可以选择与你的阅读目标相一致的书，E项提到你可能选了一些能够引起你的兴趣的书，前后语义衔接，故选E。
5．解析：选B　下文说你倾向于拖延，且空处后为逗号；结合空前一句可知，空处所在句表示当事情并不紧急时，你有拖延的倾向，前后语义一致，故选B。